Antithrombotic Effect of Antisense Factor XI Oligonucleotide Treatment in Primates

PubMed Central

Crosby, Jeffrey R.; Marzec, Ulla; Revenko, Alexey S.; Zhao, Chenguang; Gao, Dacao; Matafonov, Anton; Gailani, David; MacLeod, A. Robert; Tucker, Erik I.; Gruber, Andras; Hanson, Stephen R.; Monia, Brett P.

2013-01-01

Objective During coagulation, factor IX (FIX) is activated by two distinct mechanisms mediated by the active proteases of either factors VII (FVIIa) or XI (FXIa). Both coagulation factors may contribute to thrombosis; factor XI, however, plays only a limited role in the arrest of bleeding. Therefore, therapeutic targeting of FXI may produce an antithrombotic effect with relatively low hemostatic risk. Approach and Results We have reported that reducing FXI levels with FXI antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) produces antithrombotic activity in mice, and that administration of FXI ASOs to primates decreases circulating FXI levels and activity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Here we evaluated the relationship between FXI plasma levels and thrombogenicity in an established baboon model of thrombosis and hemostasis. In previous studies with this model, antibody-induced inhibition of FXI produced potent antithrombotic effects. In the present report, ASO-mediated reduction of FXI plasma levels by ≥50% resulted in a demonstrable and sustained antithrombotic effect without an increased risk of bleeding. Conclusion These results indicate that reducing FXI levels using ASOs is a promising alternative to direct FXI inhibition, and that targeting FXI may be potentially safer than conventional antithrombotic therapies that can markedly impair primary hemostasis. PMID:23559626

Dosimetric investigation of LDR brachytherapy ¹⁹²Ir wires by Monte Carlo and TPS calculations.

PubMed

Bozkurt, Ahmet; Acun, Hediye; Kemikler, Gonul

2013-01-01

The aim of this study was to investigate the dose rate distribution around (192)Ir wires used as radioactive sources in low-dose-rate brachytherapy applications. Monte Carlo modeling of a 0.3-mm diameter source and its surrounding water medium was performed for five different wire lengths (1-5 cm) using the MCNP software package. The computed dose rates per unit of air kerma at distances from 0.1 up to 10 cm away from the source were first verified with literature data sets. Then, the simulation results were compared with the calculations from the XiO CMS commercial treatment planning system. The study results were found to be in concordance with the treatment planning system calculations except for the shorter wires at close distances.

Decay widths of ground-state and excited {Xi}{sub b} baryons in a nonrelativistic quark model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Limphirat, Ayut; Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics; Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Liberal Arts, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000

Decay processes of ground and excited bottom baryons are studied in the {sup 3}P{sub 0} nonrelativistic quark model with all model parameters fixed in the sector of light quarks. Using as an input the recent mass of {Xi}{sub b} and the theoretical masses of {Xi}{sub b}{sup *} and {Xi}{sub b}{sup '}, narrow decay widths are predicted for the ground-state bottom baryons {Xi}{sub b}{sup *} and {Xi}{sub b}{sup '}. The work predicts large decay widths, about 100 MeV for the {rho}-type orbital excitation states of {Xi}{sub b}.

Protective Effects of Selenium, Vitamin E, and Purple Carrot Anthocyanins on D-Galactose-Induced Oxidative Damage in Blood, Liver, Heart and Kidney Rats.

PubMed

Li, Xia; Zhang, Yunlong; Yuan, Yuan; Sun, Yong; Qin, Yan; Deng, Zeyuan; Li, Hongyan

2016-10-01

The present study was performed to investigate the protective effects of selenium (Se), vitamin E (Vit E) and anthocyanins from purple carrots and their combination against the oxidative stress induced by D-galactose in rats. A total of 80 male rats were equally divided into 11 groups, one of which acted as control (I) just receiving intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline. The remaining ten groups (II-XI) were intraperitoneally injected with D-galactose at a dose of 400 mg kg(-1) body weight (BW) per day for 42 consecutive days. Rats in groups III-XI were treated with antioxidants via gavage per day as follows: group III: Se-methylselenocysteine (SeMSC), IV: Se as sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), V: Se-enriched yeast (SeY), VI: Vit E as α-tocopherol acetate, VII: anthocyanin from purple carrots (APC), VIII: APC + Vit E, IX: SeMSC + APC+ Vit E, X: Na2SeO3 + APC + Vit E, XI: SeY + Ant + Vit E. The results showed that the rats treated with antioxidants (III-XI) showed significant decreases in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl protein (PCO) compared with the D-galactose-treated group (II) in the heart, liver, kidneys, and blood. Moreover, there were significant increases in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) concentration, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the heart, liver, kidneys, and blood of antioxidant-treated animals (III-XI) than those in control group (I). In addition, the combined treatments of two or three antioxidants showed greater antioxidant activities than those of individual treatments, suggesting the synergistic antioxidant effects of Se, Vit E, and APC. In conclusion, all the antioxidants exhibited protective effects against D-galactose-induced oxidative damage in rats, and these antioxidants showed a synergistic effect.

Solubility and crystallization of xylose isomerase from Streptomyces rubiginosus

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vuolanto, Antti; Uotila, Sinikka; Leisola, Matti; Visuri, Kalevi

2003-10-01

We have studied the crystallization and crystal solubility of xylose isomerase (XI) from Streptomyces rubiginosus. In this paper, we show a rational approach for developing a large-scale crystallization process for XI. Firstly, we measured the crystal solubility in salt solutions with respect to salt concentration, temperature and pH. In ammonium sulfate the solubility of XI decreased logarithmically when increasing the salt concentration. Surprisingly, the XI crystals had a solubility minimum at low concentration of magnesium sulfate. The solubility of XI in 0.17 M magnesium sulfate was less than 0.5 g l -1. The solubility of XI increased logarithmically when increasing the temperature. We also found a solubility minimum around pH 7. This is far from the isoelectric point of XI (pH 3.95). Secondly, based on the solubility study, we developed a large-scale crystallization process for XI. In a simple and economical cooling crystallization of XI from 0.17 M magnesium sulfate solution, the recovery of crystalline active enzyme was over 95%. Moreover, we developed a process for production of uniform crystals and produced homogenous crystals with average crystal sizes between 12 and 360 μm.

Hyperon and hyperon resonance properties from charm baryon decays at BABAR

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ziegler, Veronique

This thesis describes studies of hyperons and hyperon resonances produced in charm baryon decays at BABAR. Using two-body decays of the X0c and W0c , it is shown, for the first time, that the spin of the O - is 3/2. The O- analysis procedures are extended to three-body final states and properties of the xi(1690)0 are extracted from a detailed isobar model analysis of the L+c → ΛK¯0K + Dalitz plot. The mass and width values of the xi(1690) 0 are measured with much greater precision than attained previously. The hypothesis that the spin of the xi(1690) resonance is 1/2 yields an excellent description of the data, while spin values 3/2 and 5/2 are disfavored. The Λa0(980)+ decay mode of the L+c is observed for the first time. Similar techniques are then used to study xi(1530)0 production in L+c decay. The spin of the xi(1530) is established for the first time to be 3/2. The existence of an S-wave amplitude in the xi -pi+ system is shown, and its interference with the xi(1530) 0 amplitude provides the first clear demonstration of the Breit-Wigner phase motion expected for the xi(1530). The xi-pi + mass distribution in the vicinity of the xi(1690)0 exhibits interesting structure which may be interpreted as indicating that the xi(1690) has negative parity.

Translation and validation of a Spanish version of the xerostomia inventory.

PubMed

Serrano, Carlos; Fariña, María P; Pérez, Cristhian; Fernández, Marcos; Forman, Katherine; Carrasco, Mauricio

2016-12-01

The aim of this study was to validate a Spanish cross-cultural adaptation of the xerostomia inventory (XI). The original English version of XI was translated into Spanish, cross-culturally adapted and field tested. The Spanish version of XI (XI-Sp) was tested with a sample of 41 patients with xerostomia. The reliability of the XI-Sp was determined through internal consistency and test-retest methods. The construct validity of XI-Sp was determined by means of correlation between XI-Sp scores and salivary flow measurements. Overall XI-Sp scores were 40.8 (SD = 10) for the first application and 40.2 (SD = 9.5) for the second. Cronbach's alpha value for the XI-Sp was 0.89 and 0.87, respectively, while interitem correlation averages were r = 0.44 and r = 0.39 for each application. Interitem correlation and corrected total was r c ≥0.30. The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient value for the XI-Sp score was 0.59 and 0.91. Convergent validity for construct validity correlation with salivary flow showed a medium effect size (r 2  = 0.10) for the first application but did not make a statistically significant prediction for the second (r 2  = 0.7). This study provides evidence concerning the reliability of the XI-Sp, showing that it may be a useful tool for Spanish-speaking xerostomia patients for both clinical and epidemiologic research. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S and The Gerodontology Association. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Robotic Colorectal Resection With and Without the Use of the New Da Vinci Table Motion: A Case-Matched Study.

PubMed

Palmeri, Matteo; Gianardi, Desirée; Guadagni, Simone; Di Franco, Gregorio; Bastiani, Luca; Furbetta, Niccolò; Simoncini, Tommaso; Zirafa, Cristina; Melfi, Franca; Buccianti, Piero; Moglia, Andrea; Cuschieri, Alfred; Mosca, Franco; Morelli, Luca

2018-06-01

The da Vinci Table Motion (dVTM) is a new device that enables patients to be repositioned with instruments in place within the abdomen, and without undocking the robot. The present study was designed to compare operative and short-term outcomes of patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery with the da Vinci Xi system, with or without use of the dVTM. Ten patients underwent robotic colorectal resection for cancer with the use of dVTM (Xi-dVTM group) between May 2015 and October 2015 at our center. The intraoperative and short-term clinical outcome were compared, using a case-control methodology (propensity scores approach to create 1:2 matched pairs), with a similar group of patients who underwent robotic colorectal surgery for cancer without the use of the dVTM device (Xi-only group). Overall robotic operative time was shorter in the Xi-dVTM group ( P = .04). Operations were executed fully robotic in all Xi-dVTM cases, while 2 cases of the Xi-only group required conversion to open surgery because of bulky tumors and difficult exposure. Postoperative medical complications were higher in the Xi-only group ( P = .024). In this preliminary experience, the use of the new dVTM with the da Vinci Xi in colorectal surgery, by overcoming the limitations of the fixed positions of the patient, enhanced the workflow and resulted in improved exposure of the operative field. Further studies with a greater number of patients are needed to confirm these benefits of the dVTM-da Vinci Xi robotically assisted colorectal surgery.

Level structure and production cross section of {sub {Xi}}{sup 12} Be studied with coupled-channels antisymmetrized molecular dynamics

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Matsumiya, H.; Tsubakihara, K.; Kimura, M.

A theoretical framework of coupled-channels antisymmetrized molecular dynamics that describes the multistrangeness system with mixing between different baryon species is developed and applied to {sub {Lambda}}{sup 12}C and {sub {Xi}}{sup 12}Be. By introducing a minor modification to the YN G-matrix interaction derived from the Nijmegen model-D, the low-lying level structure and production cross section of {sub {Lambda}}{sup 12}C are reasonably described. It is found that the low-lying states of {sub {Xi}}{sup 12}Be are dominated by the {sup 11}B {circle_times} {Xi}{sup -} channel and their order strongly depends on {Xi}N effective interactions used in the calculation. The calculated peak position ofmore » the production cross section depends on the {Xi}N effective interaction and the magnitude of spin-flip and non-spin-flip cross sections of K{sup -}p{yields}K{sup +}{Xi}{sup -} elemental processes. We suggest that the {sup 12}C(K{sup -},K{sup +}){sub {Xi}}{sup 12}Be reaction possibly provides us information about the {Xi}N interaction.« less

A comparison of TPS and different measurement techniques in small-field electron beams

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Donmez Kesen, Nazmiye, E-mail: nazo94@gmail.com; Cakir, Aydin; Okutan, Murat

In recent years, small-field electron beams have been used for the treatment of superficial lesions, which requires small circular fields. However, when using very small electron fields, some significant dosimetric problems may occur. In this study, dose distributions and outputs of circular fields with dimensions of 5 cm and smaller, for nominal energies of 6, 9, and 15 MeV from the Siemens ONCOR Linac, were measured and compared with data from a treatment planning system using the pencil-beam algorithm in electron beam calculations. All dose distribution measurements were performed using the Gafchromic EBT film; these measurements were compared with datamore » that were obtained from the Computerized Medical Systems (CMS) XiO treatment planning system (TPS), using the gamma-index method in the PTW VeriSoft software program. Output measurements were performed using the Gafchromic EBT film, an Advanced Markus ion chamber, and thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD). Although the pencil-beam algorithm is used to model electron beams in many clinics, there is no substantial amount of detailed information in the literature about its use. As the field size decreased, the point of maximum dose moved closer to the surface. Output factors were consistent; differences from the values obtained from the TPS were, at maximum, 42% for 6 and 15 MeV and 32% for 9 MeV. When the dose distributions from the TPS were compared with the measurements from the Gafchromic EBT films, it was observed that the results were consistent for 2-cm diameter and larger fields, but the outputs for fields of 1-cm diameter and smaller were not consistent. In CMS XiO TPS, calculated using the pencil-beam algorithm, the dose distributions of electron treatment fields that were created with circular cutout of a 1-cm diameter were not appropriate for patient treatment and the pencil-beam algorithm is not convenient for monitor unit (MU) calculations in electron dosimetry.« less

Cluster-cluster clustering

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Barnes, J.; Dekel, A.; Efstathiou, G.; Frenk, C. S.

1985-01-01

The cluster correlation function xi sub c(r) is compared with the particle correlation function, xi(r) in cosmological N-body simulations with a wide range of initial conditions. The experiments include scale-free initial conditions, pancake models with a coherence length in the initial density field, and hybrid models. Three N-body techniques and two cluster-finding algorithms are used. In scale-free models with white noise initial conditions, xi sub c and xi are essentially identical. In scale-free models with more power on large scales, it is found that the amplitude of xi sub c increases with cluster richness; in this case the clusters give a biased estimate of the particle correlations. In the pancake and hybrid models (with n = 0 or 1), xi sub c is steeper than xi, but the cluster correlation length exceeds that of the points by less than a factor of 2, independent of cluster richness. Thus the high amplitude of xi sub c found in studies of rich clusters of galaxies is inconsistent with white noise and pancake models and may indicate a primordial fluctuation spectrum with substantial power on large scales.

Myosins XI-K, XI-1, and XI-2 are required for development of pavement cells, trichomes, and stigmatic papillae in Arabidopsis

PubMed Central

2012-01-01

Background The positioning and dynamics of vesicles and organelles, and thus the growth of plant cells, is mediated by the acto-myosin system. In Arabidopsis there are 13 class XI myosins which mediate vesicle and organelle transport in different cell types. So far the involvement of five class XI myosins in cell expansion during the shoot and root development has been shown, three of which, XI-1, XI-2, and XI-K, are essential for organelle transport. Results Simultaneous depletion of Arabidopsis class XI myosins XI-K, XI-1, and XI-2 in double and triple mutant plants affected the growth of several types of epidermal cells. The size and shape of trichomes, leaf pavement cells and the elongation of the stigmatic papillae of double and triple mutant plants were affected to different extent. Reduced cell size led to significant size reduction of shoot organs in the case of triple mutant, affecting bolt formation, flowering time and fertility. Phenotype analysis revealed that the reduced fertility of triple mutant plants was caused by delayed or insufficient development of pistils. Conclusions We conclude that the class XI myosins XI-K, XI-1 and XI-2 have partially redundant roles in the growth of shoot epidermis. Myosin XI-K plays more important role whereas myosins XI-1 and XI-2 have minor roles in the determination of size and shape of epidermal cells, because the absence of these two myosins is compensated by XI-K. Co-operation between myosins XI-K and XI-2 appears to play an important role in these processes. PMID:22672737

Proteins QSAR with Markov average electrostatic potentials.

PubMed

González-Díaz, Humberto; Uriarte, Eugenio

2005-11-15

Classic physicochemical and topological indices have been largely used in small molecules QSAR but less in proteins QSAR. In this study, a Markov model is used to calculate, for the first time, average electrostatic potentials xik for an indirect interaction between aminoacids placed at topologic distances k within a given protein backbone. The short-term average stochastic potential xi1 for 53 Arc repressor mutants was used to model the effect of Alanine scanning on thermal stability. The Arc repressor is a model protein of relevance for biochemical studies on bioorganics and medicinal chemistry. A linear discriminant analysis model developed correctly classified 43 out of 53, 81.1% of proteins according to their thermal stability. More specifically, the model classified 20/28, 71.4% of proteins with near wild-type stability and 23/25, 92.0% of proteins with reduced stability. Moreover, predictability in cross-validation procedures was of 81.0%. Expansion of the electrostatic potential in the series xi0, xi1, xi2, and xi3, justified the use of the abrupt truncation approach, being the overall accuracy >70.0% for xi0 but equal for xi1, xi2, and xi3. The xi1 model compared favorably with respect to others based on D-Fire potential, surface area, volume, partition coefficient, and molar refractivity, with less than 77.0% of accuracy [Ramos de Armas, R.; González-Díaz, H.; Molina, R.; Uriarte, E. Protein Struct. Func. Bioinf.2004, 56, 715]. The xi1 model also has more tractable interpretation than others based on Markovian negentropies and stochastic moments. Finally, the model is notably simpler than the two models based on quadratic and linear indices. Both models, reported by Marrero-Ponce et al., use four-to-five time more descriptors. Introduction of average stochastic potentials may be useful for QSAR applications; having xik amenable physical interpretation and being very effective.

Study of the Rare Hyperon Decay $${\\boldmath \\Omega^\\mp \\to \\Xi^\\mp \\: \\pi^+\\pi^-}$$

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kamaev, O.; Solomey, N.; Burnstein, R.A.

The authors report a new measurement of the decay {Omega}{sup -} {yields} {Xi}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} with 76 events and a first observation of the decay {bar {Omega}}{sup +} {yields} {bar {Xi}}{sup +} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} with 24 events, yielding a combined branching ratio (3.74{sub -0.56}{sup +0.67}) x 10{sup -4}. This represents a factor 25 increase in statistics over the best previous measurement. No evidence is seen for CP violation, with {Beta}({Omega}{sup -} {yields} {Xi}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) = 4.04{sub -0.71}{sup +0.83} x 10{sup -4} and {Beta}({bar {Omega}}{sup +} {yields} {bar {Xi}}{sup +} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) = 3.15{submore » -0.89}{sup +1.12} x 10{sup -4}. Contrary to theoretical expectation, they see little evidence for the decays {Omega}{sup -} {yields} {Xi}*{sub 1530}{sup 0} {pi}{sup -} and {bar {Omega}}{sup +} {yields} {bar {Xi}}*{sub 1530}{sup 0} {pi}{sup +} and place a 90% C.L. upper limit on the combined branching ratio {Beta}({Omega}{sup -}({bar {Omega}}{sup +}) {yields} {Xi}*{sub 1530}{sup 0} ({bar {Xi}}*{sub 1530}{sup 0}){pi}{sup {-+}}) < 7.0 x 10{sup -5}.« less

Study of excited charm-strange baryons with evidence for new baryons {xi}{sub c}(3055){sup +} and {xi}{sub c}(3123){sup +}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Boutigny, D.

We present a study of excited charm-strange baryon states produced in e{sup +}e{sup -} annihilations at or near a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV, in a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 384 fb{sup -1} recorded with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e{sup +}e{sup -} storage rings at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. We study strong decays of charm-strange baryons to {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}K{sub S}{sup 0}, {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}K{sup -}, {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}K{sub S}{sup 0}{pi}{sup -}, {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}K{sub S}{sup 0}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, and {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}. This study confirmsmore » the existence of the states {xi}{sub c}(2980){sup +}, {xi}{sub c}(3077){sup +}, and {xi}{sub c}(3077){sup 0}, with a more accurate determination of the {xi}{sub c}(2980){sup +} mass and width. We also present evidence for two new states, {xi}{sub c}(3055){sup +} and {xi}{sub c}(3123){sup +}, decaying through the intermediate-resonant modes {sigma}{sub c}(2455){sup ++}K{sup -} and {sigma}{sub c}(2520){sup ++}K{sup -}, respectively. For each of these baryons, we measure the yield in each final state, determine the statistical significance, and calculate the product of the production cross section and branching fractions. We also measure the masses and widths of these excited charm-strange baryons.« less

Use of the new da Vinci Xi® during robotic rectal resection for cancer: a pilot matched-case comparison with the da Vinci Si®.

PubMed

Morelli, Luca; Guadagni, Simone; Di Franco, Gregorio; Palmeri, Matteo; Caprili, Giovanni; D'Isidoro, Cristiano; Cobuccio, Luigi; Marciano, Emanuele; Di Candio, Giulio; Mosca, Franco

2017-03-01

The aim of this study was to compare the short-term outcomes of robotic rectal resection with total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer, with the use of the new da Vinci Xi® (Xi-RobTME group) and the da Vinci Si® (Si-RobTME group). Ten patients with histologically confirmed rectal cancer underwent robot-assisted TME with the use of the new da Vinci Xi. The outcomes of Xi-RobTME group were compared with a Si-RobTME group selected using a case-matched methodology. Overall operative times and mean hospital stays were shorter in the Xi-RobTME group. Surgeries were fully robotic with a complete take-down of the splenic flexure in all Xi-RobTME cases, while only four cases of the Si-RobTME group were fully robotic, with two cases of complete take-down of the splenic flexure. The new da Vinci Xi could offer some advantages with respect to the da Vinci Si in rectal resection for cancer. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Search for Exotic Baryons in 800 GeV pp{yields}p{xi}{sup {+-}}{pi}{sup {+-}}X Reactions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Christian, D.C.; Gottschalk, E.E.; Gutierrez, G.

We report the results of a high-statistics, sensitive search for narrow baryon resonances decaying to {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -}, {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, {xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, and {xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}. The only resonances observed are the well known {xi}{sup 0}(1530) and {xi}{sup 0}(1530). No evidence is found for the states near 1862 MeV, previously reported by NA49 [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 042003 (2003)]. At the 95% confidence level, we find the upper limit for the production of a Gaussian enhancement with {sigma}=7.6 MeV in the {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -} effective mass spectrum to be 0.3% of the number of observed {xi}{sup 0}(1530){yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{supmore » +}. We find similarly restrictive upper limits for an enhancement at 1862 MeV in the {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, {xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, and {xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +} mass spectra.« less

Molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of rabbit factor XI.

PubMed Central

Sinha, Dipali; Marcinkiewicz, Mariola; Gailani, David; Walsh, Peter N

2002-01-01

Human factor XI, a plasma glycoprotein required for normal haemostasis, is a homodimer (160 kDa) formed by a single interchain disulphide bond linking the Cys-321 of each Apple 4 domain. Bovine, porcine and murine factor XI are also disulphide-linked homodimers. Rabbit factor XI, however, is an 80 kDa polypeptide on non-reducing SDS/PAGE, suggesting that rabbit factor XI exists and functions physiologically either as a monomer, as does prekallikrein, a structural homologue to factor XI, or as a non-covalent homodimer. We have investigated the structure and function of rabbit factor XI to gain insight into the relation between homodimeric structure and factor XI function. Characterization of the cDNA sequence of rabbit factor XI and its amino acid translation revealed that in the rabbit protein a His residue replaces the Cys-321 that forms the interchain disulphide linkage in human factor XI, explaining why rabbit factor XI is a monomer in non-reducing SDS/PAGE. On size-exclusion chromatography, however, purified plasma rabbit factor XI, like the human protein and unlike prekallikrein, eluted as a dimer, demonstrating that rabbit factor XI circulates as a non-covalent dimer. In functional assays rabbit factor XI and human factor XI behaved similarly. Both monomeric and dimeric factor XI were detected in extracts of cells expressing rabbit factor XI. We conclude that the failure of rabbit factor XI to form a covalent homodimer due to the replacement of Cys-321 with His does not impair its functional activity because it exists in plasma as a non-covalent homodimer and homodimerization is an intracellular process. PMID:12084014

Deletion of DXZ4 on the human inactive X chromosome alters higher-order genome architecture.

PubMed

Darrow, Emily M; Huntley, Miriam H; Dudchenko, Olga; Stamenova, Elena K; Durand, Neva C; Sun, Zhuo; Huang, Su-Chen; Sanborn, Adrian L; Machol, Ido; Shamim, Muhammad; Seberg, Andrew P; Lander, Eric S; Chadwick, Brian P; Aiden, Erez Lieberman

2016-08-02

During interphase, the inactive X chromosome (Xi) is largely transcriptionally silent and adopts an unusual 3D configuration known as the "Barr body." Despite the importance of X chromosome inactivation, little is known about this 3D conformation. We recently showed that in humans the Xi chromosome exhibits three structural features, two of which are not shared by other chromosomes. First, like the chromosomes of many species, Xi forms compartments. Second, Xi is partitioned into two huge intervals, called "superdomains," such that pairs of loci in the same superdomain tend to colocalize. The boundary between the superdomains lies near DXZ4, a macrosatellite repeat whose Xi allele extensively binds the protein CCCTC-binding factor. Third, Xi exhibits extremely large loops, up to 77 megabases long, called "superloops." DXZ4 lies at the anchor of several superloops. Here, we combine 3D mapping, microscopy, and genome editing to study the structure of Xi, focusing on the role of DXZ4 We show that superloops and superdomains are conserved across eutherian mammals. By analyzing ligation events involving three or more loci, we demonstrate that DXZ4 and other superloop anchors tend to colocate simultaneously. Finally, we show that deleting DXZ4 on Xi leads to the disappearance of superdomains and superloops, changes in compartmentalization patterns, and changes in the distribution of chromatin marks. Thus, DXZ4 is essential for proper Xi packaging.

Rapid increase of ozone concentrations in Xi'an, China: Anthropogenically or naturally?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wu, J.; Li, G.; Junji, C.

2017-12-01

The air quality in the Guanzhong basin, China has deteriorated recently caused by growing industries, city expansions, and increasing transportation activity. We report here a substantial increasing trend of ozone (O3) concentrations in Xi'an, the largest city of the basin, and the average observed O3 concentration in the afternoon during summertime has increased by 39% from 2013 to 2016. There are two main possible reasons for the rapid O3 increase. Motor vehicle has been reported to increase by 35% in Xi'an, which enhances the O3 precursors emissions to facilitate the O3 formation. In addition, the surface solar radiation at the meteorological site in Xi'an has been observed to intensify by 30%, which increases the photolysis rates to expedite the O3 production. A persistent high O3 episode from 16 to 22 June 2016 in Xi'an has been simulated using the WRF-CHEM model to evaluate the contribution of the transportation emission and solar radiation enhancement on the O3 trend. The model generally performs reasonably well in simulating the temporal variation and spatial distribution of near-surface O3 and NO2 concentrations against measurements in Xi'an. Sensitivity studies have revealed that the enhancement of transportation emissions and the solar radiation explains about 70% of the O3 trend from 2013 to 2016. Considering that large amounts of biogenic emissions are released over the Qinling Mountains on the south of Xi'an, which can be delivered to Xi'an under favorable meteorological conditions, enhancing O3 formation. Therefore, future studies need to be performed to evaluate impacts of the solar radiation enhancement on the biogenic emissions and further the O3 formation in Xi'an.

Observation of the $$\\Xi_b^0$$ Baryon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aaltonen, T.; /Helsinki Inst. of Phys.; Alvarez Gonzalez, B.

The observation of the bottom, strange baryon {Xi}{sup 0}{sub b} through the decay chain {Xi}{sup 0}{sub b} {yields} {Xi}{sup +}{sub c} {pi}{sup -}, where {Xi}{sup +}{sub c} {yields} {Xi}{sup -} {pi}{sup +} {pi}{sup +}, {Xi}{sup -} {yields} {Lambda} {yields} p {pi}{sup -}, is reported using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 ft{sup -1} from p{anti p} collisions at {radical}{ovr s} = 1.96 TeV recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. A signal of 25.3{sup +5.6}{sub -5.4} candidates is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 3.6 x 10{sup -12}, corresponding to 6.8 Gaussian standard deviations.more » The {Xi}{sup 0}{sub b} mass is measured to be 5787.8 {+-} 5.0(stat) {+-} 1.3(syst) MeV/c{sup 2}. In addition, the {Xi}{sup -}{sub b} is observed through the process {Xi}{sup -}{sub b} {yields} {Xi}{sup 0}{sub c} {pi}{sup -}, where {Xi}{sup 0}{sub c} {yields} {Xi}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}, {Xi}{sup -} {yields} {Lambda} {pi}{sup -}, and {Lambda} {yields} p {pi}{sup -}.« less

Observation of the {Xi}{sub b}{sup 0} Baryon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aaltonen, T.; Brucken, E.; Devoto, F.

The observation of the bottom, strange baryon {Xi}{sub b}{sup 0} through the decay chain {Xi}{sub b}{sup 0}{yields}{Xi}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}, where {Xi}{sub c}{sup +}{yields}{Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}, {Xi}{sup -}{yields}{Lambda}{pi}{sup -}, and {Lambda}{yields}p{pi}{sup -}, is reported by using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 fb{sup -1} from pp collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. A signal of 25.3{sub -5.4}{sup +5.6} candidates is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 3.6x10{sup -12}, corresponding to 6.8 Gaussian standard deviations. The {Xi}{sub b}{sup 0} mass is measured to be 5787.8{+-}5.0(stat){+-}1.3(syst) MeV/c{sup 2}. In addition,more » the {Xi}{sub b}{sup -} baryon is observed through the process {Xi}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}{Xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{pi}{sup -}, where {Xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, {Xi}{sup -}{yields}{Lambda}{pi}{sup -}, and {Lambda}{yields}p{pi}{sup -}.« less

Light {xi} hypernuclei in four-body cluster models

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hiyama, E.; Yamamoto, Y.; Motoba, T.

Detailed structure calculations in {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 12}Be, {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 5}H, {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 9}Li, {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 7}H, and {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 10}Li are performed within the framework of the microscopic two-, three-, and four-body cluster models using the Gaussian expansion method. We adopted effective {xi}N interactions derived from the Nijmegen interaction models, which give rise to substantially attractive {xi}-nucleus potentials in accordance with the experimental indications. {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 7}H and {sub {xi}{sup -}}{sup 10}Li are predicted to have bound states. we propose to observe the bound states in future (K{sup -},K{sup +}) experiments using {sup 7}Limore » and {sup 10}B targets in addition to the standard {sup 12}C target. The experimental confirmation of these states will provide information on the spin- and isospin-averaged {xi}N interaction.« less

Production and Decay of {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} at BABAR

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Barate, R.; Boutigny, D.

Using 116.1 fb{sup -1} of data collected by the BABAR detector, we present an analysis of {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} production in B decays and from the cc continuum, with the {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} decaying into {omega}{sup -}K{sup +} and {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} final states. We measure the ratio of branching fractions B({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{omega}{sup -}K{sup +})/B({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) to be 0.294{+-}0.018{+-}0.016, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The {xi}{sub c}{sup 0} momentum spectrum is measured on and 40 MeV below the {upsilon}(4S) resonance. From these spectra the branching fraction product B(B{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}X)xB({xi}{submore » c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) is measured to be (2.11{+-}0.19{+-}0.25)x10{sup -4}, and the cross-section product {sigma}(e{sup +}e{sup -}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}X)xB({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}) from the continuum is measured to be (388{+-}39{+-}41) fb at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV.« less

Deletion of DXZ4 on the human inactive X chromosome alters higher-order genome architecture

PubMed Central

Darrow, Emily M.; Huntley, Miriam H.; Dudchenko, Olga; Stamenova, Elena K.; Durand, Neva C.; Sun, Zhuo; Huang, Su-Chen; Sanborn, Adrian L.; Machol, Ido; Shamim, Muhammad; Seberg, Andrew P.; Lander, Eric S.; Chadwick, Brian P.; Aiden, Erez Lieberman

2016-01-01

During interphase, the inactive X chromosome (Xi) is largely transcriptionally silent and adopts an unusual 3D configuration known as the “Barr body.” Despite the importance of X chromosome inactivation, little is known about this 3D conformation. We recently showed that in humans the Xi chromosome exhibits three structural features, two of which are not shared by other chromosomes. First, like the chromosomes of many species, Xi forms compartments. Second, Xi is partitioned into two huge intervals, called “superdomains,” such that pairs of loci in the same superdomain tend to colocalize. The boundary between the superdomains lies near DXZ4, a macrosatellite repeat whose Xi allele extensively binds the protein CCCTC-binding factor. Third, Xi exhibits extremely large loops, up to 77 megabases long, called “superloops.” DXZ4 lies at the anchor of several superloops. Here, we combine 3D mapping, microscopy, and genome editing to study the structure of Xi, focusing on the role of DXZ4. We show that superloops and superdomains are conserved across eutherian mammals. By analyzing ligation events involving three or more loci, we demonstrate that DXZ4 and other superloop anchors tend to colocate simultaneously. Finally, we show that deleting DXZ4 on Xi leads to the disappearance of superdomains and superloops, changes in compartmentalization patterns, and changes in the distribution of chromatin marks. Thus, DXZ4 is essential for proper Xi packaging. PMID:27432957

Mixing {Xi}--{Xi}' Effects and Static Properties of Heavy {Xi}'s

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aliev, T. M.; Ozpineci, A.; Zamiralov, V. S.

It is shown the importance of mixing of heavy baryons {Xi}--{Xi}' with the new quantum numbers for analysis of its characteristics. The quark model of Ono is used as an example. Masses of new baryons as well as mixing angles of the states {Xi}--{Xi}' are obtained. The same reasoning is shown to be valid for the interpolating currents of these baryons in the framework of the QCD sum rules.

Design and Simulation of a Nano-Satellite Attitude Determination System

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-01

SimTime); 119 2. Attitude Matrix %# eml function att = ATT( quat ) %% Making Attitude Matrix att = transpose(XI(quat)) * PSI(quat); return...3. XI %# eml function xi = XI( quat ) %% Making Xi Matrix xi = [ quat(4...eye(3) + SKEW(quat(1:3,1)) ; - quat(1:3,1)’ ]; return %---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. PSI %# eml

Torsional stress impedance and magneto-impedance in (Co0.95Fe0.05)72.5 Si12.5B15 amorphous wire with helical induced anisotropy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Blanco, J. M.; Zhukov, A. P.; González, J.

1999-12-01

The magneto-impedance effect icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/ZH = [Z(H)-Z(Hmax)]/Z(Hmax) has been measured in (Fe0.95Co0.05)72.5B15Si12.5 wire under torsion stress, icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/> (torsion angle per unit length) with axial magnetic field (H) as parameter. Without stress (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)H(H) dependence has a non-monotonous shape with first an increase of total impedance Z and then a decrease, i.e. shows a maximum at certain axial magnetic field Hm. It was found that the torsion stress dependence of electrical impedance (torsion impedance), (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="MIDDLE"/> = [Z(icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/>)-Z(icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/>max)]/Z(icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/>max), has asymmetric character with a clear maximum at torsion angle, icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/> around 7icons/Journals/Common/pi" ALT="pi" ALIGN="TOP"/> rad m-1 in as-cast wire, while (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="MIDDLE"/> reaches a maximum around 170%. Thermal treatments under torsion stress (without and with a previous annealing stage) develop a helical anisotropy on the amorphous wire, which drastically modifies the (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="MIDDLE"/> response. Such treatments were carried out by using current annealing which resulted in a drastic increase of the maximum (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="MIDDLE"/> up to 225%, and a change of torsion dependence of icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z with a tendency to a finally symmetric dependence of (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="MIDDLE"/>(icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/>). The maximum (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="MIDDLE"/> ratio, (icons/Journals/Common/Delta" ALT="Delta" ALIGN="TOP"/> Z/Z)icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/> m, was obtained under torsion stress of icons/Journals/Common/xi" ALT="xi" ALIGN="TOP"/> = 20icons/Journals/Common/pi" ALT="pi" ALIGN="TOP"/> rad m-1 (in a torsion annealed sample) and = 11 rad m-1 (with pre-annealing and torsion annealing). Observed dependences were explained taking into account the frozen-in magneto-elastic anisotropy owing to the internal stress distribution during the fabrication process, the helical anisotropies induced by the torsion strain and that developed by thermal treatment under torsion stress (torsion annealing). The differences in the shape and intensity of the maximum ( Z/Z) m between the torsion annealed and pre-annealed and torsion annealed samples should be ascribed to the visco-elastic character of the helical anisotropy induced by torsion stress.

Da Vinci Xi and Si platforms have equivalent perioperative outcomes during robot-assisted partial nephrectomy: preliminary experience.

PubMed

Abdel Raheem, Ali; Sheikh, Abulhasan; Kim, Dae Keun; Alatawi, Atalla; Alabdulaali, Ibrahim; Han, Woong Kyu; Choi, Young Deuk; Rha, Koon Ho

2017-03-01

The aims of this study were to compare the perioperative outcomes of da Vinci Xi to Si during robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and to discuss the feasibility of our novel port placement scheme for the da Vinci Xi platform, to overcome the existing kinetic and technical difficulties we faced with the linear port placement in patients with a small body habitus. A retrospective data analysis of patients who underwent RPN using da Vinci Xi (n = 18) was carried out. The outcomes of the Xi group were compared with the Si group (n = 18) selected using a case-matched methodology. For da Vinci Xi, we applied the universal linear port placement in 12 patients and our modified port placement in the remaining 6 patients. The Xi group had a shorter mean docking time of 17.8 ± 2.6 min compared to the Si group of 20.5 ± 2.1 min (p = 0.002); otherwise, no significant difference was present with regard to the remaining perioperative variables (p > 0.05). The modified Xi port placement had a shorter mean console time of 70.8 ± 9.7 min compared to the universal linear port placement of 89.3 ± 17.2 min (p = 0.03). Moreover, it provided a broader field of vision with excellent robotic arms movement, minimizing collisions and allowing an easier and comfortable surgical assist. Da Vinci Xi appears to be feasible and safe during RPN with similar outcomes to Si. The novel Xi port placement makes surgery easier in patients with low BMI.

Ethanol Reversal of Oxycodone Tolerance in Dorsal Root Ganglia Neurons.

PubMed

Jacob, Joanna C; Sakakibara, Kensuke; Mischel, Ryan A; Henderson, Graeme; Dewey, William L; Akbarali, Hamid I

2018-05-01

Oxycodone is a semisynthetic opioid compound that is widely prescribed, used, and abused today, and has a well-established role in shaping the current opioid epidemic. Previously, we have shown that tolerance develops to the antinociceptive and respiratory depressive effects of oxycodone in mice, and that a moderate dose of acute ethanol or a protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor reversed that tolerance. To investigate further if tolerance was occurring through neuronal mechanisms, our aims for this study were to assess the effects of acute and prolonged oxycodone in isolated dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons and to determine if this tolerance was reversed by either ethanol or a PKC inhibitor. We found that an acute exposure to 3 μ M oxycodone reduced neuronal excitability, as measured by increased threshold potentials and reduced action potential amplitude, without eliciting measurable changes in resting membrane potential. Exposure to 10 μ M oxycodone for 18-24 hours prevented oxycodone's effect on neuronal excitability, indicative of tolerance development. The development of opioid tolerance was mitigated in DRG neurons from β -arrestin 2 knockout mice. Oxycodone tolerance was reversed in isolated DRG neurons by the acute application of either ethanol (20 mM) or the PKC inhibitor, bisindolylmaleimide XI hydrochloride (Bis XI), when a challenge of 3 µ M oxycodone significantly reduced neuronal excitability following prolonged exposure. Through these studies, we concluded that oxycodone acutely reduced neuronal excitability, tolerance developed to this effect, and reversal of that tolerance occurred at the level of a single neuron, suggesting that reversal of oxycodone tolerance by either ethanol or Bis XI involves cellular mechanisms. Copyright © 2018 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Cloning and characterization of XiR1, a locus responsible for dagger nematode resistance in grape.

PubMed

Hwang, Chin-Feng; Xu, Kenong; Hu, Rong; Zhou, Rita; Riaz, Summaira; Walker, M Andrew

2010-08-01

The dagger nematode, Xiphinema index, feeds aggressively on grape roots and in the process, vectors grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) leading to the severe viral disease known as fanleaf degeneration. Resistance to X. index and GFLV has been the key objective of grape rootstock breeding programs. A previous study found that resistance to X. index derived from Vitis arizonica was largely controlled by a major quantitative trait locus, XiR1 (X. index Resistance 1), located on chromosome 19. The study presented here develops high-resolution genetic and physical maps in an effort to identify the XiR1 gene(s). The mapping was carried out with 1,375 genotypes in three populations derived from D8909-15, a resistant selection from a cross of V. rupestris A. de Serres (susceptible) x V. arizonica b42-26 (resistant). Resistance to X. index was evaluated on 99 informative recombinants that were identified by screening the three populations with two markers flanking the XiR1 locus. The high-resolution genetic map of XiR1 was primarily constructed with seven DNA markers developed in this study. Physical mapping of XiR1 was accomplished by screening three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries constructed from D8909-15, V. vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon and V. arizonica b42-26. A total of 32 BAC clones were identified and the XiR1 locus was delineated within a 115 kb region. Sequence analysis of three BAC clones identified putative nucleotide binding/leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes. This is the first report of a closely linked major gene locus responsible for ectoparasitic nematode resistance. The markers developed from this study are being used to expedite the breeding of resistant grape rootstocks.

Cloning and characterization of XiR1, a locus responsible for dagger nematode resistance in grape

PubMed Central

Hwang, Chin-Feng; Xu, Kenong; Hu, Rong; Zhou, Rita; Riaz, Summaira

2010-01-01

The dagger nematode, Xiphinemaindex, feeds aggressively on grape roots and in the process, vectors grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) leading to the severe viral disease known as fanleaf degeneration. Resistance to X. index and GFLV has been the key objective of grape rootstock breeding programs. A previous study found that resistance to X. index derived from Vitis arizonica was largely controlled by a major quantitative trait locus, XiR1 (X. index Resistance 1), located on chromosome 19. The study presented here develops high-resolution genetic and physical maps in an effort to identify the XiR1 gene(s). The mapping was carried out with 1,375 genotypes in three populations derived from D8909-15, a resistant selection from a cross of V. rupestris A. de Serres (susceptible) × V. arizonica b42-26 (resistant). Resistance to X. index was evaluated on 99 informative recombinants that were identified by screening the three populations with two markers flanking the XiR1 locus. The high-resolution genetic map of XiR1 was primarily constructed with seven DNA markers developed in this study. Physical mapping of XiR1 was accomplished by screening three bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries constructed from D8909-15, V. vinifera Cabernet Sauvignon and V. arizonica b42-26. A total of 32 BAC clones were identified and the XiR1 locus was delineated within a 115 kb region. Sequence analysis of three BAC clones identified putative nucleotide binding/leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) genes. This is the first report of a closely linked major gene locus responsible for ectoparasitic nematode resistance. The markers developed from this study are being used to expedite the breeding of resistant grape rootstocks. PMID:20490447

A comparison of TPS and different measurement techniques in small-field electron beams.

PubMed

Donmez Kesen, Nazmiye; Cakir, Aydin; Okutan, Murat; Bilge, Hatice

2015-01-01

In recent years, small-field electron beams have been used for the treatment of superficial lesions, which requires small circular fields. However, when using very small electron fields, some significant dosimetric problems may occur. In this study, dose distributions and outputs of circular fields with dimensions of 5cm and smaller, for nominal energies of 6, 9, and 15MeV from the Siemens ONCOR Linac, were measured and compared with data from a treatment planning system using the pencil-beam algorithm in electron beam calculations. All dose distribution measurements were performed using the Gafchromic EBT film; these measurements were compared with data that were obtained from the Computerized Medical Systems (CMS) XiO treatment planning system (TPS), using the gamma-index method in the PTW VeriSoft software program. Output measurements were performed using the Gafchromic EBT film, an Advanced Markus ion chamber, and thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD). Although the pencil-beam algorithm is used to model electron beams in many clinics, there is no substantial amount of detailed information in the literature about its use. As the field size decreased, the point of maximum dose moved closer to the surface. Output factors were consistent; differences from the values obtained from the TPS were, at maximum, 42% for 6 and 15MeV and 32% for 9MeV. When the dose distributions from the TPS were compared with the measurements from the Gafchromic EBT films, it was observed that the results were consistent for 2-cm diameter and larger fields, but the outputs for fields of 1-cm diameter and smaller were not consistent. In CMS XiO TPS, calculated using the pencil-beam algorithm, the dose distributions of electron treatment fields that were created with circular cutout of a 1-cm diameter were not appropriate for patient treatment and the pencil-beam algorithm is not convenient for monitor unit (MU) calculations in electron dosimetry. Copyright © 2015 American Association of Medical Dosimetrists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Lepidium meyenii (Maca) reversed the lead acetate induced -- damage on reproductive function in male rats.

PubMed

Rubio, Julio; Riqueros, Marissa I; Gasco, Manuel; Yucra, Sandra; Miranda, Sara; Gonzales, Gustavo F

2006-07-01

Rats were treated with 0, 8, 16 and 24 mg/kg of lead acetate (LA) (i.p.) for 35 days with or without Maca. Maca was co-administrated orally from day 18 to day 35. The lengths of stages of the seminiferous epithelium were assessed by transillumination. Also, sex organ weights, testicular and epididymal sperm count, sperm motility, daily sperm production, sperm transit rate and serum testosterone levels were measured. Lead acetate treatment resulted in a dose-response reduction of lengths of stages VIII and IX-XI, and serum testosterone levels. However, rats treated with 8 and 16 mg/kg but not 24 mg/kg of lead acetate showed a low number of testicular spermatids, low daily sperm production (DSP) and low epididymal sperm count. Administration of Maca to rats treated with lead acetate resulted in higher lengths of stages VIII and IX-XI with respect to lead acetate-treated rats. Moreover, treatment with Maca to lead acetate-treated rats resulted in lengths of stages VIII and IX-XI similar to the control group. Maca administration also reduced the deleterious effect on DSP caused by lead acetate treatment. Maca prevented LA-induced spermatogenic disruption in rats and it may become in a potential treatment of male infertility associated with lead exposure.

Arabidopsis Myosins XI1, XI2, and XIK Are Crucial for Gravity-Induced Bending of Inflorescence Stems

PubMed Central

Talts, Kristiina; Ilau, Birger; Ojangu, Eve-Ly; Tanner, Krista; Peremyslov, Valera V.; Dolja, Valerian V.; Truve, Erkki; Paves, Heiti

2016-01-01

Myosins and actin filaments in the actomyosin system act in concert in regulating cell structure and dynamics and are also assumed to contribute to plant gravitropic response. To investigate the role of the actomyosin system in the inflorescence stem gravitropism, we used single and multiple mutants affecting each of the 17 Arabidopsis myosins of class VIII and XI. We show that class XI but not class VIII myosins are required for stem gravitropism. Simultaneous loss of function of myosins XI1, XI2, and XIK leads to impaired gravitropic bending that is correlated with altered growth, stiffness, and insufficient sedimentation of gravity sensing amyloplasts in stem endodermal cells. The gravitropic defect of the corresponding triple mutant xi1 xi2 xik could be rescued by stable expression of the functional XIK:YFP in the mutant background, indicating a role of class XI myosins in this process. Altogether, our results emphasize the critical contributions of myosins XI in stem gravitropism of Arabidopsis. PMID:28066484

Mass formulas for {Xi}{sub c} and {Xi}{sub b} baryons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aliev, T. M.; Zamiralov, V. S.; Ozpineci, A.

The importance of taking into account the mixing of the heavy cascade baryons {Xi} and {Xi}' that have new quantum numbers in analyzing their properties is shown. The Ono quark model is considered by way of example. The masses of the new baryons and the {Xi}-{Xi}' mixing angles are obtained. The same approach is applied to the interpolating currents of these baryons within QCD sum rules.

First Observation of the Cabibbo-suppressed Decays Xi+(c) ---> Sigma+ pi- pi+ and Xi+(c) ---> Sigma- pi+ pi+ and Measurement of their Branching Ratios

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vazquez-Jauregui, E.; /San Luis Potosi U.; Engelfried, J.

The authors report the first observation of two Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes, {Xi}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Sigma}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} and {Xi}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Sigma}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}. They observe 56 {+-} 13 over a background of 21, and 23 {+-} 7 over a background of 12 events, respectively, for the signals. The data were accumulated using the SELEX spectrometer during the 1996-1997 fixed target run at Fermilab, chiefly from a 600 GeV/c {Sigma}{sup -} beam. The branching ratios of the decays relative to the Cabibbo-favored {Xi}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +} are measured to be B({Xi}{submore » c}{sup +} {yields} {Sigma}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +})/B({xi}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Xi}{sup -} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}) = 0.50 {+-} 0.20, and B({Xi}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Sigma}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +})/B({Xi}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}) = 0.23 {+-} 0.11, respectively. They also report branching ratios for the same decay modes of the {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} relative to {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} pK{sup -}{pi}{sup +}.« less

Measurement of the spin of the {xi}(1530) resonance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Karyotakis, Y.

The properties of the {xi}(1530) resonance are investigated in the {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}K{sup +} decay process. The data sample was collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider operating at center-of-mass energies 10.58 and 10.54 GeV. The corresponding integrated luminosity is approximately 230 fb{sup -1}. The spin of the {xi}(1530) is established to be 3/2. The existence of an S-wave amplitude in the {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} system is inferred, and its interference with the {xi}(1530){sup 0} amplitude provides the first clear demonstration of the Breit-Wigner phase motion expected for the {xi}(1530). Themore » P{sub 1}(cos{theta}{sub {xi}}{sub {sup -}}) Legendre polynomial moment indicates the presence of a significant S-wave amplitude for {xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} mass values above 1.6 GeV/c{sup 2}, and a dip in the mass distribution at approximately 1.7 GeV/c{sup 2} is interpreted as due to the coherent addition of a {xi}(1690){sup 0} contribution to this amplitude. This would imply J{sup P}=1/2{sup -} for the {xi}(1690). Attempts at fitting the {xi}(1530){sup 0} line shape yield unsatisfactory results, and this failure is attributed to interference effects associated with the amplitudes describing the K{sup +}{pi}{sup +} and/or {xi}{sup -}K{sup +} systems.« less

Measurement of the Spin of the $$\\Xi(1530)$$ Resonance

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B.; Bona, M.; Karyotakis, Y.

The properties of the {Xi}(1530) resonance are investigated in the {Lambda}{sub c}{sup +} {yields} {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}K{sup +} decay process. The data sample was collected with the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy e{sup +}e{sup -} collider operating at center of mass energies 10.58 and 10.54 GeV. The corresponding integrated luminosity is approximately 230 fb{sup -1}. The spin of the {Xi}(1530) is established to be 3/2. The existence of an S-wave amplitude in the {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} system is inferred, and its interference with the {Xi}(1530)0 amplitude provides the first clear demonstration of the Breit-Wigner phase motion expected formore » the {Xi}(1530). The P{sub 1}(cos {theta}{sub {Xi}{sup -}}) Legendre polynomial moment indicates the presence of a significant S-wave amplitude for {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +} mass values above 1.6 GeV/c{sup 2}, and a dip in the mass distribution at approximately 1.7 GeV/c{sup 2} is interpreted as due to coherent addition of a {Xi}(1690){sup 0} contribution to this amplitude. This would imply J{sup P} = 1/2{sup -} for the {Xi}(1690). Attempts at fitting the {Xi}(1530){sup 0} lineshape yield unsatisfactory results, and this failure is attributed to interference effects associated with the amplitudes describing the K{sup +}{pi}{sup +} and/or {Xi}{sup -}K{sup +} systems.« less

Hadronic production of the doubly heavy baryon {Xi}{sub bc} at the LHC

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhang Jiawei; Wu Xinggang; Zhong Tao

We investigate the hadronic production of the doubly heavy baryon {Xi}{sub bc} at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), where contributions from the four (bc)-diquark states (bc){sub 3,6}[{sup 1}S{sub 0}] and (bc){sub 3,6}[{sup 3}S{sub 1}] have been taken into consideration. Numerical results show that under the condition of p{sub T}>4 GeV and |y|<1.5, sizable {Xi}{sub bc} events about 1.7x10{sup 7} and 3.5x10{sup 9} per year can be produced for the center-of-mass energy {radical}(S)=7 TeV and {radical}(S)=14 TeV, respectively. For experimental usage, the total and the interested differential cross sections are estimated under some typical p{sub T} and y cuts for themore » LHC detectors CMS, ATLAS, and LHCb. The main uncertainties are discussed and a comparative study on the hadronic production of {Xi}{sub cc}, {Xi}{sub bc}, and {Xi}{sub bb} at the LHC are also presented.« less

Transoral robotic surgery for the base of tongue squamous cell carcinoma: a preliminary comparison between da Vinci Xi and Si.

PubMed

Alessandrini, Marco; Pavone, Isabella; Micarelli, Alessandro; Caporale, Claudio

2017-09-13

Considering the emerging advantages related to da Vinci Xi robotic platform, the aim of this study is to compare for the first time the operative outcomes of this tool to the previous da Vinci Si during transoral robotic surgery (TORS), both performed for squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the base of tongue (BOT). Intra- and peri-operative outcomes of eight patients with early stage (T1-T2) of the BOT carcinoma and undergoing TORS by means of the da Vinci Xi robotic platform (Xi-TORS) are compared with the da Vinci Si group ones (Si-TORS). With respect to Si-TORS group, Xi-TORS group demonstrated a significantly shorter overall operative time, console time, and intraoperative blood loss, as well as peri-operative pain intensity and length of mean hospital stays and nasogastric tube positioning. Considering recent advantages offered by surgical robotic techniques, the da Vinci Xi Surgical System preliminary outcomes could suggest its possible future routine implementation in BOT squamous cell carcinoma procedures.

Group 16SrXI phytoplasma strains, including subgroup 16SrXI-B and a new subgroup, 16SrXI-D, are associated with sugar cane white leaf.

PubMed

Zhang, Rong-Yue; Li, Wen-Feng; Huang, Ying-Kun; Wang, Xiao-Yan; Shan, Hong-Li; Luo, Zhi-Ming; Yin, Jiong

2016-01-01

Sugar cane white leaf (SCWL) is a serious disease caused by phytoplasmas. In this study, we performed nested PCR with phytoplasma universal primer pairs (P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2) for the 16S rRNA gene to detect SCWL phytoplasmas in 31 SCWL samples collected from Baoshan and Lincang, Yunnan, China. We cloned and sequenced the nested PCR products, revealing that the 16S rRNA gene sequences from 31 SCWL samples were all 1247 bp in length and shared more than 99 % nucleotide sequence similarity with the 16S rRNA gene sequences of SCWL phytoplasmas from various countries. Based on the reported 16S rRNA gene sequence data from SCWL isolates of various countries, we conducted phylogenetic and virtual RFLP analysis. In the resulting phylogenetic tree, all SCWL isolates clustered into two branches, with the Lincang and Baoshan SCWL phytoplasma isolates belonging to different branches. The virtual RFLP patterns show that phytoplasmas of the Lincang branch belong to subgroup 16SrXI-B. However, the virtual RFLP patterns revealed by HaeIII digestion of phytoplasmas of the Baoshan branch differed from those of subgroup 16SrXI-B. According to the results of phylogenetic and virtual RFLP analysis, we propose that the phytoplasmas of the Baoshan branch represent a new subgroup, 16SrXI-D. These findings suggest that SCWL is caused by phytoplasmas from group 16SrXI, including subgroup 16SrXI-B and a new subgroup, 16SrXI-D.

In vitro comparison of the effect of two factor XI (FXI) concentrates on thrombin generation in major FXI deficiency.

PubMed

Pike, G N; Cumming, A M; Hay, C R M; Sempasa, B; Sutherland, M; Thachil, J; Burthem, J; Bolton-Maggs, P H B

2016-05-01

Bleeding risk in factor XI (FXI) deficiency following surgery may be reduced by treatment with either of two FXI concentrates, but indications for their use are unclear and treatment has been associated with thrombosis. To quantify and compare the effects of two different FXI concentrates on thrombin generation (TG) in major FXI deficiency (FXI:C < 15 IU dL(-1) ). Thrombin generation was measured in controls (n = 50), FXI-deficient individuals pre and post in vitro spiking with FXI concentrates (n = 10), and in ex vivo samples following treatment with FXI concentrate (n = 3). Thrombin generation was significantly impaired in FXI deficiency but improved following FXI replacement in vitro and in vivo. LFB Hemoleven(®) had greater effect on TG than BPL FXI concentrate in vitro (equivalent in vivo doses 10, 20 and 30 U kg(-1) ): higher endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) (P < 0.0001), peak height (P < 0.01) velocity (P < 0.0002) and shorter lag time and time to peak (both P < 0.003). Some measurements with LFB Hemoleven(®) exceeded the reference range. At lower dose (5 U kg(-1) ), BPL FXI concentrate normalized all TG parameters and LFB Hemoleven(®) normalized the ETP but exceeded the reference range with other parameters. Both FXI concentrates improve TG in vitro in major FXI deficiency but differ in dose response, and for both products, doses lower than previously recommended normalized TG in vitro. Comparison of in vitro spiked and ex vivo samples suggest that in vitro results could be used to estimate an expected in vivo response to FXI replacement. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Study of the strong {sigma}{sub c}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{pi},{sigma}{sub c}*{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{pi} and {xi}{sub c}*{yields}{xi}{sub c}{pi} decays in a nonrelativistic quark model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Albertus, C.; Nieves, J.; Hernandez, E.

We present results for the strong widths corresponding to the {sigma}{sub c}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{pi}, {sigma}{sub c}*{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{pi} and {xi}{sub c}*{yields}{xi}{sub c}{pi} decays. The calculations have been done in a nonrelativistic constituent quark model with wave functions that take advantage of the constraints imposed by heavy quark symmetry. Partial conservation of axial current hypothesis allows us to determine the strong vertices from an analysis of the axial current matrix elements. Our results {gamma}({sigma}{sub c}{sup ++}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup +})=2.41{+-}0.07{+-}0.02 MeV, {gamma}({sigma}{sub c}{sup +}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup 0})=2.79{+-}0.08{+-}0.02 MeV, {gamma}({sigma}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})=2.37{+-}0.07{+-}0.02 MeV, {gamma}({sigma}{sub c}*{sup ++}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup +})=17.52{+-}0.74{+-}0.12 MeV, {gamma}({sigma}{sub c}*{supmore » +}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup 0})=17.31{+-}0.73{+-}0.12 MeV, {gamma}({sigma}{sub c}*{sup 0}{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup -})=16.90{+-}0.71{+-}0.12 MeV, {gamma}({xi}{sub c}*{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{pi}{sup +}+{xi}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup 0})=3.18{+-}0.10{+-}0.01 MeV, and {gamma}({xi}{sub c}*{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}+{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0})=3.03{+-}0.10{+-}0.01 MeV are in good agreement with experimental determinations.« less

Screening and evolution of a novel protist xylose isomerase from the termite Reticulitermes speratus for efficient xylose fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

PubMed

Katahira, Satoshi; Muramoto, Nobuhiko; Moriya, Shigeharu; Nagura, Risa; Tada, Nobuki; Yasutani, Noriko; Ohkuma, Moriya; Onishi, Toru; Tokuhiro, Kenro

2017-01-01

The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , a promising host for lignocellulosic bioethanol production, is unable to metabolize xylose. In attempts to confer xylose utilization ability in S. cerevisiae , a number of xylose isomerase (XI) genes have been expressed heterologously in this yeast. Although several of these XI encoding genes were functionally expressed in S. cerevisiae , the need still exists for a S. cerevisiae strain with improved xylose utilization ability for use in the commercial production of bioethanol. Although currently much effort has been devoted to achieve the objective, one of the solutions is to search for a new XI gene that would confer superior xylose utilization in S. cerevisiae . Here, we searched for novel XI genes from the protists residing in the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes speratus . Eight novel XI genes were obtained from a cDNA library, prepared from the protists of the R. speratus hindgut, by PCR amplification using degenerated primers based on highly conserved regions of amino acid sequences of different XIs. Phylogenetic analysis classified these cloned XIs into two groups, one showed relatively high similarities to Bacteroidetes and the other was comparatively similar to Firmicutes . The growth rate and the xylose consumption rate of the S. cerevisiae strain expressing the novel XI, which exhibited highest XI activity among the eight XIs, were superior to those exhibited by the strain expressing the XI gene from Piromyces sp. E2. Substitution of the asparagine residue at position 337 of the novel XI with a cysteine further improved the xylose utilization ability of the yeast strain. Interestingly, introducing point mutations in the corresponding asparagine residues in XIs originated from other organisms, such as Piromyces sp. E2 or Clostridium phytofermentans , similarly improved xylose utilization in S. cerevisiae . A novel XI gene conferring superior xylose utilization in S. cerevisiae was successfully isolated from the protists in the termite hindgut. Isolation of this XI gene and identification of the point mutation described in this study might contribute to improving the productivity of industrial bioethanol.

Exclusive photoproduction of the cascade (Xi) hyperon

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

John Price; Bernard Nefkens; Justin Ducote

2004-09-01

We report on the first measurement of exclusive {Xi}{sup -}(1321) hyperon photoproduction in {gamma}p {yields} K{sup +}K{sup +}{Xi}{sup -} for 3.2 < E{sub {gamma}} < 3.9 GeV. The final state is identified by the missing mass in p({gamma}, K{sup +}K{sup +})X measured with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory. We have detected a significant number of the ground-state {Xi}{sup -}(132)1/2{sup +}, and have estimated the total cross section for its production. We have also observed the first excited state {Xi}{sup -}(1530)3/2{sup +}. Photoproduction provides a copious source of {Xi}'s. We discuss the possibilities of a search for the recently proposedmore » {Xi}{sub 5}{sup --} and {Xi}{sub 5}{sup +} pentaquarks.« less

Discovery potentials of doubly charmed baryons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yu, Fu-Sheng; Jiang, Hua-Yu; Li, Run-Hui; Lü, Cai-Dian; Wang, Wei; Zhao, Zhen-Xing

2018-05-01

The existence of doubly heavy flavor baryons has not been well established experimentally so far. In this Letter we systematically investigate the weak decays of the doubly charmed baryons, {{{\\Xi }}}{{cc}}++ and {{{\\Xi }}}{{cc}}+, which should be helpful for experimental searches for these particles. The long-distance contributions are first studied in the doubly heavy baryon decays, and found to be significantly enhanced. Comparing all the processes, {{{\\Xi }}}{{cc}}++\\to {{{Λ }}}{{c}}+{{{K}}}-{{{π }}}+{{{π }}}+ and {{{\\Xi }}}{{c}}+{{{π }}}+ are the most favorable decay modes for experiments to search for doubly heavy baryons. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (11505083, 11505098, 11647310, 11575110, 11375208, 11521505, 11621131001, 11235005, 11447032, U1732101) and Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (15DZ2272100)

A Fixed Point Theorem in Weak Topology for Successively Recurrent System of Set-Valued Mapping Equations and Its Applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Horiuchi, Kazuo

Let us introduce n (≥ 2) mappings fi(i = 1, …, n ≡ 0) defined on reflexive real Banach spaces Xi-1 and let fi : Xi-1 → Yi be completely continuous on bounded convex closed subsets X_{i-1}^{(0)} \\\\subset X_{i-1}. Moreover, let us introduce n set-valued mappings F_i : X_{i-1} \\\\times Y_i \\\\to {\\\\cal F}_c(X_i) (the family of all non-empty compact subsets of Xi), (i=1, …, n ≡ 0). Here, we have a fixed point theorem in weak topology on the successively recurrent system of set-valued mapping equations: xi ∈ Fi(xi-1, fi(xi-1)), (i=1, …, n ≡ 0). This theorem can be applied immediately to analysis of the availability of system of circular networks of channels undergone by uncertain fluctuations and to evaluation of the tolerability of behaviors of those systems.

A Study of Double-Charm and Charm-Strange Baryons inElectron-Positron Annihilations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Edwards, Adam J.; /SLAC

2007-10-15

In this dissertation I describe a study of double-charm and charm-strange baryons based on data collected with the BABAR Detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. In this study I search for new baryons and make precise measurements of their properties and decay modes. I seek to verify and expand upon double-charm and charm-strange baryon observations made by other experiments. The BABAR Detector is used to measure subatomic particles that are produced at the PEP-II storage rings. I analyze approximately 300 million e+e- {yields} c{bar c} events in a search for the production of double-charm baryons. I search for themore » double-charm baryons {Xi}{sup +}{sub cc} (containing the quarks ccd) and {Xi}{sup ++}{sub cc} (ccu) in decays to {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +} and {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}, respectively. No statistically significant signals for their production are found, and upper limits on their production are determined. Statistically significant signals for excited charm-strange baryons are observed with my analysis of approximately 500 million e+e- {yields} c{bar c} events. The charged charm-strange baryons {Xi}{sub c}(2970){sup +}, {Xi}{sub c}(3055){sup +}, {Xi}{sub c}(3123){sup +} are found in decays to {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, the same decay mode used in the {Xi}{sup +}{sub cc} search. The neutral charm-strange baryon {Xi}{sub c}(3077){sup 0} is observed in decays to {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sub 8}{pi}{sup -}. I also search for excited charm-strange baryon decays to {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sub 8}, {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sup -}, {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sub 8}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, and {Lambda}{sup +}{sub c}K{sup -}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}. No significant charm-strange baryon signals a f h these decay modes. For each excited charm-strange baryon state that I observe, I measure its mass, natural width (lifetime), and production rate. The properties of these excited charm-strange baryons and their decay modes provide constraints for phenomenological models of quark interactions through quantum chromodynamics. My discovery of the two new charm-strange baryons {Xi}{sub c}(3055){sup +} and {Xi}{sub c}(3123){sup +} influences our theoretical understanding of charm-strange baryon states.« less

[Correlativity study of the distribution of soil magnetic susceptibility and the heavy metal contents in Xi'an City].

PubMed

Chen, Xiu-Duan; Lu, Xin-Wei; Yang, Guang

2013-03-01

The magnetic susceptibility and the concentrations of Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sn, Sr and Ba in topsoil samples from Xi'an City were measured to study their spatial distribution and their correlation in this study. The results show that the concentrations of all measured heavy metals are higher than their background values in Cinnamon topsoil, which is the main soil type of Xi'an City. The heavy metals concentrations and the magnetic susceptibility of the studied samples display moderate variance. Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Sn, Sr and Ba are significantly positively correlated with low-frequency magnetic susceptibility, while are significantly negatively correlated with frequency susceptibility. The spatial distribution of low-frequency magnetic susceptibility is identical with the concentrations of Pb and Cu. However, the spatial variation of frequency magnetic susceptibility is different from the concentrations of Co, Cr and Ba. The pollution assessment results show that the heavy metal pollution in topsoil of Xi'an City is moderate. The spatial contribution of the pollution load index was significantly correlated with the magnetic susceptibility of topsoil in Xi'an City. Therefore, soil magnetic susceptibility can be used as an effective monitoring means for heavy metal pollution in urban soil.

Direct Observation of the Strange b Baryon {xi}{sub b}{sup -}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abazov, V. M.; Alexeev, G. D.; Kalinin, A. M.

We report the first direct observation of the strange b baryon {xi}{sub b}{sup -}({xi}{sub b}{sup +}). We reconstruct the decay {xi}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}J/{psi}{xi}{sup -}, with J/{psi}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}, and {xi}{sup -}{yields}{lambda}{pi}{sup -}{yields}p{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -} in pp collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV. Using 1.3 fb{sup -1} of data collected by the D0 detector, we observe 15.2{+-}4.4(stat){sub -0.4}{sup +1.9}(syst) {xi}{sub b}{sup -} candidates at a mass of 5.774{+-}0.011(stat){+-}0.015(syst) GeV. The significance of the observed signal is 5.5{sigma}, equivalent to a probability of 3.3x10{sup -8} of it arising from a background fluctuation. Normalizing to the decay {lambda}{sub b}{yields}J/{psi}{lambda}, we measure the relative rate ({sigma}({xi}{submore » b}{sup -})xB({xi}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}J/{psi}{xi}{sup -})/{sigma}({lambda}{sub b})xB({lambda}{sub b}{yields}J/{psi}{lambda}))=0.28{+-}0.09(stat){sub -0.08}{sup +0.09}(syst)« less

Bsrightarrowtau+tau- decay in the general two Higgs doublet

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iltan, Erhan Onur; Turan, Gursevil

2002-11-01

We study the exclusive decay Bsrightarrowtau+tau- in the general two Higgs doublet model. We analyse the dependencies of the branching ratio on the model parameters, including the leading order QCD corrections. We found that there is an enhancement in the branching ratio, especially for rtb = bar xiN,ttU/bar xiN,bbD > 1 case. Further, the neutral Higgs effects are detectable for large values of the parameter bar xiN,tautauD.

Light-cone distribution amplitudes of {xi} and their applications

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu Yonglu; Huang Mingqiu

We present the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the {xi} baryons up to twist six on the basis of QCD conformal partial wave expansion to the leading order conformal spin accuracy. The nonperturbative parameters relevant to the DAs are determined in the framework of the QCD sum rule. The light-cone QCD sum rule approach is used to investigate both the electromagnetic form factors of {xi} and the exclusive semileptonic decay of {xi}{sub c} as applications. Our estimations on the magnetic moments are {mu}{sub {xi}{sup 0}}=-(1.92{+-}0.34){mu}{sub N} and {mu}{sub {xi}{sup -}}=-(1.19{+-}0.03){mu}{sub N}. The decay width of the process {xi}{sub c}{yields}{xi}e{sup +}{nu}{sub e}more » is evaluated to be {gamma}=8.73x10{sup -14} GeV, which is in accordance with the experimental measurements and other theoretical approaches.« less

Nucleon and Delta axial-vector couplings in 1/N{sub c}-Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Goity, Jose Luis; Calle Cordon, Alvaro

In this contribution, baryon axial-vector couplings are studied in the framework of the combined 1/N{sub c} and chiral expansions. This framework is implemented on the basis of the emergent spin-flavor symmetry in baryons at large N{sub c} and HBChPT, and linking both expansions ({xi}-expansion), where 1/N{sub c} is taken to be a quantity order p. The study is carried out including one-loop contributions, which corresponds to order xi to the third for baryon masses and order {xi} square for the axial couplings.

A Dependence Study of $$\\Xi^{*0}$$ and $$\\bar{\\Xi}^{*0}$$ in 250 GeV/c $$\\pi^-$$. $K^-$ -nucleon Interactions (in Portuguese)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seixas de Rezende, Fabio Antonio; /Rio de Janeiro, CBPF

A direct measurement of the mass number (A) dependence of the production of the hyperon {Xi}*{sup 0} and its opposite {bar {Xi}}*{sup 0} in {pi}{sup -}, K{sup -} beam-nucleon interactions at 250 GeV/c is reported. The data derive from the experiment E769 at Fermilab. The results were obtained for different targets: Be, Al, Cu and W. It was observed the data are found to be well described by the parametrization {sigma}{sub A} = {sigma}{sub 0}A{sup {alpha}}, {alpha} being calculated for different beams. The results obtained are compared with those results of E769 experiment. The results shown here are preliminary.

OMEGA{sup -}, XI*{sup -}, SIGMA*{sup -}, and DELTA{sup -} decuplet baryon magnetic moments

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Slaughter, Milton Dean

The properties of the ground-state U spin =(3/2) baryon decuplet magnetic moments DELTA{sup -}, XI*{sup -}, SIGMA*{sup -}, and OMEGA{sup -} and their ground-state spin-(1/2) cousins p, n, LAMBDA, SIGMA{sup +}, SIGMA{sup 0}, SIGMA{sup -}, XI{sup +}, and XI{sup -} have been studied for many years with a modicum of success. The magnetic moments of many are yet to be determined. Of the decuplet baryons, only the magnetic moment of the OMEGA{sup -} has been accurately determined. We calculate the magnetic moments of the physical decuplet U spin =(3/2) quartet members without ascribing any specific form to their quark structuremore » or intraquark interactions.« less

A novel role for BDNF-TrkB in the regulation of chemotherapy resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

PubMed

Lee, Junegoo; Jiffar, Tilahun; Kupferman, Michael E

2012-01-01

Mechanisms of resistance for HNSCC to cisplatin (CDDP), the foundational chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of this disease, remain poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that cisplatin resistance (CR) can be overcome by targeting Trk receptor. In the current study, we explored the potential mechanistic role of the BDNF-TrkB signaling system in the development of CDDP resistance in HNSCC. Utilizing an in vitro system of acquired CR, we confirmed a substantial up-regulation of both BDNF and TrkB at the protein and mRNA levels in CR cells, suggesting an autocrine pathway dysregulation in this system. Exogenous BDNF stimulation led to an enhanced expression of the drug-resistance and anti-apoptotic proteins MDR1 and XiAP, respectively, in a dose-dependently manner, demonstrating a key role for BDNF-TrkB signaling in modulating the response to cytotoxic agents. In addition, modulation of TrkB expression induced an enhanced sensitivity of cells to CDDP in HNSCC. Moreover, genetic suppression of TrkB resulted in changes in expression of Bim, XiAP, and MDR1 contributing to HNSCC survival. To elucidate intracellular signaling pathways responsible for mechanisms underlying BDNF/TrkB induced CDDP-resistance, we analyzed expression levels of these molecules following inhibition of Akt. Inhibition of Akt eliminated BDNF effect on MDR1 and Bim expression in OSC-19P cells as well as modulated expressions of MDR1, Bim, and XiAP in OSC-19CR cells. These results suggest BDNF/TrkB system plays critical roles in CDDP-resistance development by utilizing Akt-dependent signaling pathways.

Study on collaborative operation in Xi'an international inland port and airport

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jia, Guoling

2017-10-01

Xi 'an international inland port and airport are the important fulcrums for Shaanxi province to implement the strategy of "One Belt One Road" and to develop its export-oriented economy. Based on the general development situation of Xi 'an international inland port and airport and analyzing their similarities and differences, the external cause and internal cause of synergy are discussed. The contents of synergy from the strategy level, tactics level and business level are explained respectively.

[Geographical characteristics of single nucleotide polymorphism of candidate genes associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population].

PubMed

Wang, Sheng-Huang; Cui, Han-Bin; Wang, Dong-Qi; Chen, Xiao-Min; Zhang, Hong-Kao; Cui, Chang-Cong; Chen, Xin-Yi; Liu, Xin-Hong; Zhang, Zheng; Bai, Feng; Jb, Muhlestein

2008-01-01

To investigate the geographical characteristics of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of candidate genes associated with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han population. Study population were Chinese Han nationality recruited from Xi'an, Shiyan and Ningbo districts. Patients with coronary artery disease were defined by coronary angiography with stenosis >or= 50% and control subjects with stenosis < 10%, respectively. The DNA was extracted from peripheral white blood cell by approach comprised proteinase K digestion, phenol and chloroform extraction as well as isopropanol precipitation. The SNP of ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCA1)-G596A, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP)-Taq1B, Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-Hind III and LPL-Pvu II were genotyped by PCR-RFLPs, and verified by gene sequencing. A Total of 615 patients undertaken coronary angiography were recruited from cardiac center in Xi'an (220), Ningbo (209) and Shiyan district (186), China (mean age 60 +/- 10 years, 75.9% males). Diabetes mellitus was more prevalent in Xi'an Cohort population than Shiyan and Ningbo cohort (P < 0.01). Plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels in Xi'an Cohort population were significantly higher, and HDL-C siginificantly lower than in Shiyan and Ningbo cohort population [HDL-C: (1.17 +/- 0.48) mmol/L vs. (1.25 +/- 0.33) mmol/L and (1.29 +/- 0.44) mmol/L, P < 0.05]. Distribution differences for ABCA1-G596A and CETP-Taq1B genotypes were found in Xi'an Cohort population compared to Ningbo and Shiyan cohorts (for ABCA1, Xi'an: 0.24, 0.53, 0.23 and Shiyan: 0.17, 0.62, 0.21 and Ningbo: 0.34, 0.37, 0.29, for GG, AG, AA, respectively, P < 0.01; and for CETP, Xi'an: 0.29, 0.54, 0.17 and Shiyan: 0.38, 0.40, 0.22 and Ningbo: 0.39, 0.49, 0.12 for B1B1, B1B2, B2B2, respectively, P < 0.01), but not for LPL variants. ABCA1-G596A variant predicted HDL-C [Xi'an: (1.2 +/- 0.3) mmol/L, (1.3 +/- 0.2) mmol/L and (1.4 +/- 0.4) mmol/L, P = 0.01; Shiyan: (1.1 +/- 0.4) mmol/L: (1.2 +/- 0.3) mmol/L and (1.3 +/- 0.4) mmol/L, P = 0.03; Ningbo, (1.2 +/- 0.3) mmol/L, (1.3 +/- 0.4) mmol/L and (1.4 +/- 0.3) mmol/L, across GG, GA to AA genotype, respectively, P = 0.01] and TG levels [Xi'an: (2.4 +/- 1.3) mmol/L, (1.9 +/- 0.9) mmol/L and (1.6 +/- 0.8) mmol/L, P < 0.01; Shiyan: (2.1 +/- 1.0) mmol/L, (1.9 +/- 0.8) mmol/L and (1.8 +/- 0.7) mmol/L, P = 0.03; Ningbo: (1.9 +/- 1.1) mmol/L, (1.8 +/- 0.9) mmol/L and (1.6 +/- 0.7) mmol/L, across GG, GA to AA genotype, P = 0.05] with dose-dependent relationship. LPL-Hind III (+) carriers had higher triglycerides in three cohort population [Xi'an: (2.2 +/- 1.0) mmol/L, (1.8 +/- 0.9) mmol/L, (1.6 +/- 0.7) mmol/L, P = 0.01; Shiyan: (2.1 +/- 0.7) mmol/L, (1.9 +/- 1.0) mmol/L, (1.7 +/- 0.6) mmol/L, P = 0.01; Ningbo: (1.8 +/- 1.0) mmol/L, (1.6 +/- 0.6) mmol/L and (1.4 +/- 0.5) mmol/L, for +/+, +/- and -/- genotypes, respectively, P = 0.001]. SNP of CETP-Taq1B, LPL-Hind III and LPL-Pvu II predicted HDL-C and/or TG levels in different cohort population with different manners. All these SNP were not significantly associated with the development of coronary artery disease (all P > 0.05). A geographical heterogeneity of environmental and genetic risk factors related to the development of coronary artery disease exists in Chinese Han population. Irrespective of the different geographical cohort of Chinese Han population, the SNP of candidate genes can partly predict the differences in risk-related plasma HDL-C and/or TG levels rather than angiographic coronary artery disease.

The Da Vinci Xi and robotic radical prostatectomy-an evolution in learning and technique.

PubMed

Goonewardene, S S; Cahill, D

2017-06-01

The da Vinci Xi robot has been introduced as the successor to the Si platform. The promise of the Xi is to open the door to new surgical procedures. For robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP)/pelvic surgery, the potential is better vision and longer instruments. How has the Xi impacted on operative and pathological parameters as indicators of surgical performance? This is a comparison of an initial series of 42 RARPs with the Xi system in 2015 with a series using the Si system immediately before Xi uptake in the same calendar year, and an Si series by the same surgeon synchronously as the Xi series using operative time, blood loss, and positive margins as surrogates of surgical performance. Subjectively and objectively, there is a learning curve to Xi uptake in longer operative times but no impact on T2 positive margins which are the most reflective single measure of RARP outcomes. Subjectively, the vision of the Xi is inferior to the Si system, and the integrated diathermy system and automated setup are quirky. All require experience to overcome. There is a learning curve to progress from the Si to Xi da Vinci surgical platforms, but this does not negatively impact the outcome.

[HIV/STD prevalence and related behaviors among male STD clinic attendees in Xi'an and Xianyang cities, Shaanxi province].

PubMed

Hu, T; Dong, L F; Ding, Z W; Jia, H; Li, X; Zhang, J S; Song, Y L; Chang, W H

2017-12-10

Objective: To compare the prevalence of HIV/STD and related health care seeking behaviors among male STD clinic attendees between Xi'an and Xianyang cities. Methods: During June and July 2016, 206 male STD clinic attendees were studied in Xi'an city, with another 221 male STD clinic attendees in Xianyang city. Cross-sectional questionnaire survey was used to collect attendees'behavioral information. Blood samples were collected via HIV/HCV/Syphilis testing. Results: The prevalence rate of HIV infection was 2.4% (5/206) in Xi'an and 0.9% (2/221) in Xianyang, with no statistical significant difference between the two cities. The prevalence rate of syphilis was 4.9% (10/206) in Xi'an, which was significantly lower than 13.6% (30/221) in Xianyang. The proportion of respondents, diagnosed with other sexually transmitted diseases, in Xi'an was higher than that of Xianyang. The proportions of commercial heterosexual sex and sex with temporary sexual partners in the past 3 months were 18.0% (37/206) and 15.5% (32/206) in Xi'an, lower than 46.6% (103/221) and 15.8% (35/221) in Xianyang ( χ (2)=39.70, Р <0.01; χ (2)=0.01, P =0.93) . The proportions of condom use with commercial sex workers or temporary sexual partners in the past 3 months among Xi'an were 37.8% (14/37) and 6.3% (2/32) , lower than 93.1% (95/102) and 57.1% (20/35) in Xianyang ( χ (2)=49.06, Р <0.01; χ (2)=19.63, Р <0.01) . Conclusion: Differences were noticed between Xi'an and Xianyang city in terms of STD and HIV prevalences, behaviors related to commercial sex and use of condoms among the male STD clinic attendees that calling for targeted actions in control of high risk behavlors in both HIV/AIDS and STDs transmission.

Pain, quality of life, and spinal accessory nerve status after neck dissection.

PubMed

Terrell, J E; Welsh, D E; Bradford, C R; Chepeha, D B; Esclamado, R M; Hogikyan, N D; Wolf, G T

2000-04-01

To assess quality of life (QOL) in patients with head and neck cancer who underwent neck dissection and to compare QOL scores for patients in whom the spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) was resected or preserved. SETTING AND DESIGN AND OUTCOMES MEASURES: Three hundred ninety-seven patients who had undergone treatment for head and neck cancer completed the University of Michigan Head and Neck Quality of Life (HNQOL) instrument, the Medical Outcomes Study SF-12 General Health Survey, and questions on "pain despite pain medications" and headaches. Of the 397 patients, 222 had no neck dissection, 46 had neck dissections resecting CN XI, and 129 had dissection sparing CN XI. Of the latter group, 68 patients had dissections sparing level V and 61 dissections included level V. Age, sex, primary site distribution, and T stage were not different between the groups. Patients who had neck dissections sparing CN XI had better scores on the HNQOL pain domain (P = .002), had less shoulder or neck pain (P = .003), and took pain medications less frequently (P = .0004) compared with patients who had neck dissections sacrificing CN XI. When CN XI was preserved, patients who had no level V dissection had better pain domain scores (P = .03) and eating domain scores (P = .007) on the HNQOL, had less shoulder or neck pain (P = .006), and had less physical problems (P = .03) than patients who had level V dissected. On multivariate analysis, pain-related QOL scores after neck dissection were significantly better (P < .01) if patients had dissections with preservation of CN XI and if level V was not dissected. Neck dissections sparing CN XI are associated with better pain scores on the HNQOL, less shoulder and neck pain, and less need for medications. When CN XI is spared, not dissecting level V of the neck is associated with better HNQOL pain scores, less shoulder or neck pain, and fewer physical problems.

Comparison of 3D CRT and IMRT Tratment Plans

PubMed Central

Bakiu, Erjona; Telhaj, Ervis; Kozma, Elvisa; Ruçi, Ferdinand; Malkaj, Partizan

2013-01-01

Plans of patients with prostate tumor have been studied. These patients have been scanned in the CT simulator and the images have been sent to the Focal, the system where the doctor delineates the tumor and the organs at risk. After that in the treatment planning system XiO there are created for the same patients three dimensional conformal and intensity modulated radiotherapy treatment plans. The planes are compared according to the dose volume histograms. It is observed that the plans with IMRT technique conform better the isodoses to the planning target volume and protect more the organs at risk, but the time needed to create such plans and to control it is higher than 3D CRT. So it necessary to decide in which patients to do one or the other technique depending on the full dose given to PTV and time consuming in genereral. PMID:24167395

Evaluation of the usefulness of a MOSFET detector in an anthropomorphic phantom for 6-MV photon beam.

PubMed

Kohno, Ryosuke; Hirano, Eriko; Kitou, Satoshi; Goka, Tomonori; Matsubara, Kana; Kameoka, Satoru; Matsuura, Taeko; Ariji, Takaki; Nishio, Teiji; Kawashima, Mitsuhiko; Ogino, Takashi

2010-07-01

In order to evaluate the usefulness of a metal oxide-silicon field-effect transistor (MOSFET) detector as a in vivo dosimeter, we performed in vivo dosimetry using the MOSFET detector with an anthropomorphic phantom. We used the RANDO phantom as an anthropomorphic phantom, and dose measurements were carried out in the abdominal, thoracic, and head and neck regions for simple square field sizes of 10 x 10, 5 x 5, and 3 x 3 cm(2) with a 6-MV photon beam. The dose measured by the MOSFET detector was verified by the dose calculations of the superposition (SP) algorithm in the XiO radiotherapy treatment-planning system. In most cases, the measured doses agreed with the results of the SP algorithm within +/-3%. Our results demonstrated the utility of the MOSFET detector for in vivo dosimetry even in the presence of clinical tissue inhomogeneities.

Xerostomia is associated with old age and poor appetite in patients on chronic hemodialysis.

PubMed

Bossola, Maurizio; Di Stasio, Enrico; Giungi, Stefania; Vulpio, Carlo; Papa, Valerio; Rosa, Fausto; Tortorelli, Antonio; Tazza, Luigi

2013-11-01

The objective of this study was to assess variables associated with xerostomia in patients on chronic hemodialysis (HD). This was a cross-sectional study of 75 HD patients at an outpatient HD service. Demographic, clinical (renal disease, HD regimen/duration, Charlson comorbidity index, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living [IADL], body mass index), and laboratory (hemoglobin, albumin, interleukin-6 [IL-6], and parathyroid hormone) parameters were recorded. We assessed the appetite through the Hemodialysis Study Appetite questionnaire and xerostomia through the Xerostomia Inventory (XI). A single question ("How often does your mouth feel dry?"; never = Class 1, almost never = Class 2, occasionally = Class 3, often = Class 4, very often = Class 5) was also included in the study questionnaire. The main outcome measure was factors correlated with XI. The median XI score was 18 (min-max = 11-33). Forty patients had an XI score of 18 or less (Group 1) and between 18 and 35 (Group 2). In Group 2, age, Charlson comorbidity index score, and number of patients with poor/very poor appetite were significantly higher. At the univariate analysis, the score of the XI was significantly associated with age, appetite, IADL, Charlson comorbidity index, and serum IL-6 levels. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the XI was independently associated with age and appetite. Thirty-one patients were in Class 1 to 2, 23 were in Class 3, and 21 were in Class 4 to 5. In Classes 4 to 5, age and the number of patients with poor/very poor appetite were higher (P = .012 and .09, respectively). Xerostomia is associated with old age and poor appetite in patients on chronic HD. Copyright © 2013 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Evidence for an exotic S= -2, Q= -2 baryon resonance in proton-proton collisions at the CERN SPS.

PubMed

Alt, C; Anticic, T; Baatar, B; Barna, D; Bartke, J; Betev, L; Białkowska, H; Billmeier, A; Blume, C; Boimska, B; Botje, M; Bracinik, J; Bramm, R; Brun, R; Buncić, P; Cerny, V; Christakoglou, P; Chvala, O; Cramer, J G; Csató, P; Darmenov, N; Dimitrov, A; Dinkelaker, P; Eckardt, V; Farantatos, G; Filip, P; Flierl, D; Fodor, Z; Foka, P; Freund, P; Friese, V; Gál, J; Gaździcki, M; Georgopoulos, G; Gładysz, E; Hegyi, S; Höhne, C; Kadija, K; Karev, A; Kniege, S; Kolesnikov, V I; Kollegger, T; Korus, R; Kowalski, M; Kraus, I; Kreps, M; van Leeuwen, M; Lévai, P; Litov, L; Makariev, M; Malakhov, A I; Markert, C; Mateev, M; Mayes, B W; Melkumov, G L; Meurer, C; Mischke, A; Mitrovski, M; Molnár, J; Mrówczyński, St; Pálla, G; Panagiotou, A D; Panayotov, D; Perl, K; Petridis, A; Pikna, M; Pinsky, L; Pühlhofer, F; Reid, J G; Renfordt, R; Retyk, W; Roland, C; Roland, G; Rybczyński, M; Rybicki, A; Sandoval, A; Sann, H; Schmitz, N; Seyboth, P; Siklér, F; Sitar, B; Skrzypczak, E; Stefanek, G; Stock, R; Ströbele, H; Susa, T; Szentpétery, I; Sziklai, J; Trainor, T A; Varga, D; Vassiliou, M; Veres, G I; Vesztergombi, G; Vranić, D; Wetzler, A; Włodarczyk, Z; Yoo, I K; Zaranek, J; Zimányi, J

2004-01-30

Results of resonance searches in the Xi(-)pi(-), Xi(-)pi(+), Xi;(+)pi(-), and Xi;(+)pi(+) invariant mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=17.2 GeV are presented. Evidence is shown for the existence of a narrow Xi(-)pi(-) baryon resonance with mass of 1.862+/-0.002 GeV/c(2) and width below the detector resolution of about 0.018 GeV/c(2). The significance is estimated to be above 4.2sigma. This state is a candidate for the hypothetical exotic Xi(--)(3/2) baryon with S=-2, I=3 / 2, and a quark content of (dsdsū). At the same mass, a peak is observed in the Xi(-)pi(+) spectrum which is a candidate for the Xi(0)(3/2) member of this isospin quartet with a quark content of (dsus[-]d). The corresponding antibaryon spectra also show enhancements at the same invariant mass.

Comparison of 3DCRT,VMAT and IMRT techniques in metastatic vertebra radiotherapy: A phantom Study

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gedik, Sonay; Tunc, Sema; Kahraman, Arda; Kahraman Cetintas, Sibel; Kurt, Meral

2017-09-01

Vertebra metastases can be seen during the prognosis of cancer patients. Treatment ways of the metastasis are radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery. Three-dimensional conformal therapy (3D-CRT) is widely used in the treatment of vertebra metastases. Also, Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Arc Therapy (VMAT) are used too. The aim of this study is to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the different radiotherapy techniques. In the aspect of this goal, it is studied with a randophantom in Uludag University Medicine Faculty, Radiation Oncology Department. By using a computerized tomography image of the phantom, one 3DCRT plan, two VMAT and three IMRT plans for servical vertebra and three different 3DCRT plans, two VMAT and two IMRT plans for lomber vertebra are calculated. To calculate 3DCRT plans, CMS XiO Treatment System is used and to calculate VMAT and IMRT plans Monaco Treatment Planning System is used in the department. The study concludes with the dosimetric comparison of the treatment plans in the spect of critical organ doses, homogeneity and conformity index. As a result of this study, all critical organ doses are suitable for QUANTEC Dose Limit Report and critical organ doses depend on the techniques which used in radiotherapy. According to homogeneity and conformity indices, VMAT and IMRT plans are better than one in 3DCRT plans in servical and lomber vertebra radiotherapy plans.

Local Stretching Theories

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-24

diffusivity of the scalar. (If the scalar is heat, then the Schmidt number becomes the Prandtl number.) Momentum diffuses significantly faster than the...derive the Cramér function explicitly in the simple case where the xi have a Bernoulli distribution, though the general formula for S may be derived by...an analogous procedure. 5 Large deviation CLT for the Bernoulli distribution Let xi have the PDF of a fair coin, p(xi) = 1 2δ(xi + 1) + 1 2δ(xi − 1

Observation and mass measurement of the baryon Xib-.

PubMed

Aaltonen, T; Abulencia, A; Adelman, J; Affolder, T; Akimoto, T; Albrow, M G; Amerio, S; Amidei, D; Anastassov, A; Anikeev, K; Annovi, A; Antos, J; Aoki, M; Apollinari, G; Arisawa, T; Artikov, A; Ashmanskas, W; Attal, A; Aurisano, A; Azfar, F; Azzi-Bacchetta, P; Azzurri, P; Bacchetta, N; Badgett, W; Barbaro-Galtieri, A; Barnes, V E; Barnett, B A; Baroiant, S; Bartsch, V; Bauer, G; Beauchemin, P-H; Bedeschi, F; Behari, S; Bellettini, G; Bellinger, J; Belloni, A; Benjamin, D; Beretvas, A; Beringer, J; Berry, T; Bhatti, A; Binkley, M; Bisello, D; Bizjak, I; Blair, R E; Blocker, C; Blumenfeld, B; Bocci, A; Bodek, A; Boisvert, V; Bolla, G; Bolshov, A; Bortoletto, D; Boudreau, J; Boveia, A; Brau, B; Brigliadori, L; Bromberg, C; Brubaker, E; Budagov, J; Budd, H S; Budd, S; Burkett, K; Busetto, G; Bussey, P; Buzatu, A; Byrum, K L; Cabrera, S; Campanelli, M; Campbell, M; Canelli, F; Canepa, A; Carrillo, S; Carlsmith, D; Carosi, R; Carron, S; Casal, B; Casarsa, M; Castro, A; Catastini, P; Cauz, D; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cerri, A; Cerrito, L; Chang, S H; Chen, Y C; Chertok, M; Chiarelli, G; Chlachidze, G; Chlebana, F; Cho, I; Cho, K; Chokheli, D; Chou, J P; Choudalakis, G; Chuang, S H; Chung, K; Chung, W H; Chung, Y S; Cilijak, M; Ciobanu, C I; Ciocci, M A; Clark, A; Clark, D; Coca, M; Compostella, G; Convery, M E; Conway, J; Cooper, B; Copic, K; Cordelli, M; Cortiana, G; Crescioli, F; Cuenca Almenar, C; Cuevas, J; Culbertson, R; Cully, J C; DaRonco, S; Datta, M; D'Auria, S; Davies, T; Dagenhart, D; de Barbaro, P; De Cecco, S; Deisher, A; De Lentdecker, G; De Lorenzo, G; Dell'Orso, M; Delli Paoli, F; Demortier, L; Deng, J; Deninno, M; De Pedis, D; Derwent, P F; Di Giovanni, G P; Dionisi, C; Di Ruzza, B; Dittmann, J R; D'Onofrio, M; Dörr, C; Donati, S; Dong, P; Donini, J; Dorigo, T; Dube, S; Efron, J; Erbacher, R; Errede, D; Errede, S; Eusebi, R; Fang, H C; Farrington, S; Fedorko, I; Fedorko, W T; Feild, R G; Feindt, M; Fernandez, J P; Field, R; Flanagan, G; Forrest, R; Forrester, S; Franklin, M; Freeman, J C; Furic, I; Gallinaro, M; Galyardt, J; Garcia, J E; Garberson, F; Garfinkel, A F; Gay, C; Gerberich, H; Gerdes, D; Giagu, S; Giannetti, P; Gibson, K; Gimmell, J L; Ginsburg, C; Giokaris, N; Giordani, M; Giromini, P; Giunta, M; Giurgiu, G; Glagolev, V; Glenzinski, D; Gold, M; Goldschmidt, N; Goldstein, J; Golossanov, A; Gomez, G; Gomez-Ceballos, G; Goncharov, M; González, O; Gorelov, I; Goshaw, A T; Goulianos, K; Gresele, A; Grinstein, S; Grosso-Pilcher, C; Group, R C; Grundler, U; Guimaraes da Costa, J; Gunay-Unalan, Z; Haber, C; Hahn, K; Hahn, S R; Halkiadakis, E; Hamilton, A; Han, B-Y; Han, J Y; Handler, R; Happacher, F; Hara, K; Hare, D; Hare, M; Harper, S; Harr, R F; Harris, R M; Hartz, M; Hatakeyama, K; Hauser, J; Hays, C; Heck, M; Heijboer, A; Heinemann, B; Heinrich, J; Henderson, C; Herndon, M; Heuser, J; Hidas, D; Hill, C S; Hirschbuehl, D; Hocker, A; Holloway, A; Hou, S; Houlden, M; Hsu, S-C; Huffman, B T; Hughes, R E; Husemann, U; Huston, J; Incandela, J; Introzzi, G; Iori, M; Ivanov, A; Iyutin, B; James, E; Jang, D; Jayatilaka, B; Jeans, D; Jeon, E J; Jindariani, S; Johnson, W; Jones, M; Joo, K K; Jun, S Y; Jung, J E; Junk, T R; Kamon, T; Karchin, P E; Kato, Y; Kemp, Y; Kephart, R; Kerzel, U; Khotilovich, V; Kilminster, B; Kim, D H; Kim, H S; Kim, J E; Kim, M J; Kim, S B; Kim, S H; Kim, Y K; Kimura, N; Kirsch, L; Klimenko, S; Klute, M; Knuteson, B; Ko, B R; Kondo, K; Kong, D J; Konigsberg, J; Korytov, A; Kotwal, A V; Kraan, A C; Kraus, J; Kreps, M; Kroll, J; Krumnack, N; Kruse, M; Krutelyov, V; Kubo, T; Kuhlmann, S E; Kuhr, T; Kulkarni, N P; Kusakabe, Y; Kwang, S; Laasanen, A T; Lai, S; Lami, S; Lammel, S; Lancaster, M; Lander, R L; Lannon, K; Lath, A; Latino, G; Lazzizzera, I; LeCompte, T; Lee, J; Lee, J; Lee, Y J; Lee, S W; Lefèvre, R; Leonardo, N; Leone, S; Levy, S; Lewis, J D; Lin, C; Lin, C S; Lindgren, M; Lipeles, E; Lister, A; Litvintsev, D O; Liu, T; Lockyer, N S; Loginov, A; Loreti, M; Lu, R-S; Lucchesi, D; Lujan, P; Lukens, P; Lungu, G; Lyons, L; Lys, J; Lysak, R; Lytken, E; Mack, P; MacQueen, D; Madrak, R; Maeshima, K; Makhoul, K; Maki, T; Maksimovic, P; Malde, S; Malik, S; Manca, G; Manousakis, A; Margaroli, F; Marginean, R; Marino, C; Marino, C P; Martin, A; Martin, M; Martin, V; Martínez, M; Martínez-Ballarín, R; Maruyama, T; Mastrandrea, P; Masubuchi, T; Matsunaga, H; Mattson, M E; Mazini, R; Mazzanti, P; McFarland, K S; McIntyre, P; McNulty, R; Mehta, A; Mehtala, P; Menzemer, S; Menzione, A; Merkel, P; Mesropian, C; Messina, A; Miao, T; Miladinovic, N; Miles, J; Miller, R; Mills, C; Milnik, M; Mitra, A; Mitselmakher, G; Miyamoto, A; Moed, S; Moggi, N; Mohr, B; Moon, C S; Moore, R; Morello, M; Movilla Fernandez, P; Mülmenstädt, J; Mukherjee, A; Muller, Th; Mumford, R; Murat, P; Mussini, M; Nachtman, J; Nagano, A; Naganoma, J; Nakamura, K; Nakano, I; Napier, A; Necula, V; Neu, C; Neubauer, M S; Nielsen, J; Nodulman, L; Norniella, O; Nurse, E; Oh, S H; Oh, Y D; Oksuzian, I; Okusawa, T; Oldeman, R; Orava, R; Osterberg, K; Pagliarone, C; Palencia, E; Papadimitriou, V; Papaikonomou, A; Paramonov, A A; Parks, B; Pashapour, S; Patrick, J; Pauletta, G; Paulini, M; Paus, C; Pellett, D E; Penzo, A; Phillips, T J; Piacentino, G; Piedra, J; Pinera, L; Pitts, K; Plager, C; Pondrom, L; Portell, X; Poukhov, O; Pounder, N; Prakoshyn, F; Pronko, A; Proudfoot, J; Ptohos, F; Punzi, G; Pursley, J; Rademacker, J; Rahaman, A; Ramakrishnan, V; Ranjan, N; Redondo, I; Reisert, B; Rekovic, V; Renton, P; Rescigno, M; Richter, S; Rimondi, F; Ristori, L; Robson, A; Rodrigo, T; Rogers, E; Rolli, S; Roser, R; Rossi, M; Rossin, R; Roy, P; Ruiz, A; Russ, J; Rusu, V; Saarikko, H; Safonov, A; Sakumoto, W K; Salamanna, G; Saltó, O; Santi, L; Sarkar, S; Sartori, L; Sato, K; Savard, P; Savoy-Navarro, A; Scheidle, T; Schlabach, P; Schmidt, E E; Schmidt, M P; Schmitt, M; Schwarz, T; Scodellaro, L; Scott, A L; Scribano, A; Scuri, F; Sedov, A; Seidel, S; Seiya, Y; Semenov, A; Sexton-Kennedy, L; Sfyrla, A; Shalhout, S Z; Shapiro, M D; Shears, T; Shepard, P F; Sherman, D; Shimojima, M; Shochet, M; Shon, Y; Shreyber, I; Sidoti, A; Sinervo, P; Sisakyan, A; Slaughter, A J; Slaunwhite, J; Sliwa, K; Smith, J R; Snider, F D; Snihur, R; Soderberg, M; Soha, A; Somalwar, S; Sorin, V; Spalding, J; Spinella, F; Spreitzer, T; Squillacioti, P; Stanitzki, M; Staveris-Polykalas, A; St Denis, R; Stelzer, B; Stelzer-Chilton, O; Stentz, D; Strologas, J; Stuart, D; Suh, J S; Sukhanov, A; Sun, H; Suslov, I; Suzuki, T; Taffard, A; Takashima, R; Takeuchi, Y; Tanaka, R; Tecchio, M; Teng, P K; Terashi, K; Thom, J; Thompson, A S; Thomson, E; Tipton, P; Tiwari, V; Tkaczyk, S; Toback, D; Tokar, S; Tollefson, K; Tomura, T; Tonelli, D; Torre, S; Torretta, D; Tourneur, S; Trischuk, W; Tsuno, S; Tu, Y; Turini, N; Ukegawa, F; Uozumi, S; Vallecorsa, S; van Remortel, N; Varganov, A; Vataga, E; Vazquez, F; Velev, G; Vellidis, C; Veramendi, G; Veszpremi, V; Vidal, M; Vidal, R; Vila, I; Vilar, R; Vine, T; Vogel, M; Vollrath, I; Volobouev, I; Volpi, G; Würthwein, F; Wagner, P; Wagner, R G; Wagner, R L; Wagner, J; Wagner, W; Wallny, R; Wang, S M; Warburton, A; Waters, D; Weinberger, M; Wester, W C; Whitehouse, B; Whiteson, D; Wicklund, A B; Wicklund, E; Williams, G; Williams, H H; Wilson, P; Winer, B L; Wittich, P; Wolbers, S; Wolfe, C; Wright, T; Wu, X; Wynne, S M; Yagil, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamaoka, J; Yamashita, T; Yang, C; Yang, U K; Yang, Y C; Yao, W M; Yeh, G P; Yoh, J; Yorita, K; Yoshida, T; Yu, G B; Yu, I; Yu, S S; Yun, J C; Zanello, L; Zanetti, A; Zaw, I; Zhang, X; Zhou, J; Zucchelli, S

2007-08-03

We report the observation and measurement of the mass of the bottom, strange baryon Xi(b)- through the decay chain Xi(b)- -->J/psiXi-, where J/psi-->mu+mu-, Xi- -->Lambdapi-, and Lambda-->ppi-. A signal is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 6.6 x 10(-15), or 7.7 Gaussian standard deviations. The Xi(b)- mass is measured to be 5792.9+/-2.5(stat) +/- 1.7(syst) MeV/c2.

Search for CP Violation in Hyperon Decay: $$\\Xi^- / \\bar{\\Xi}^+$$ and $$\\Lambda / \\bar{\\Lambda}$$ (in French)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Leros, Nicolas

2001-06-01

The HyperCP(EB71) experiment, performed at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in the United States, provides a primary search for direct OP violation in the decays ofmore » $$\\Xi^-/\\bar{\\Xi}^+$$ and $$\\Lambda/ \\bar{\\Lambda}$$ hyperons....« less

Changing Student Expectations and Graduate Employment: Case Studies from Xi'an, Shaanxi Province

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moorman, Adam B. R.

2011-01-01

This paper addresses the issue of students' employment expectations, considered a key factor in alleviating graduate unemployment in China. This empirical investigation surveyed students at two higher education institutions in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, to analyze how expectations were changing. The results contrasted with earlier studies that…

A Comprehensive Study of the Tocks Island Lake Project and Alternatives. Part A. Chapters I, II, III. Analysis of Service Areas and Resource Needs.

DTIC Science & Technology

1975-06-01

Conventional Hydroelectric and Pumped Storage Power XI- 49 2. Electric Power Demand XI- 53 3. Water Demand by Power Plants XI- 54 4. Fossil and Nuclear ...Systems and Temporary Evacuation XV- 32 12. Upstream Land Use and Agricultural Treatment XV- 32 13. Results and Criteria for Further Analysis XV- 33... resulted in record flows and significant flooding. The August, 1955, flood was a result of Hurricanes Connie and Diane. Northern New Jersey streams have had

Model for End-stage Liver Disease excluding INR (MELD-XI) score in critically ill patients: Easily available and of prognostic relevance

PubMed Central

Wernly, Bernhard; Lichtenauer, Michael; Franz, Marcus; Kabisch, Bjoern; Muessig, Johanna; Masyuk, Maryna; Hoppe, Uta C.; Kelm, Malte; Jung, Christian

2017-01-01

Purpose MELD-XI, an adapted version of Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score excluding INR, was reported to predict outcomes e.g. in patients with acute heart failure. We aimed to evaluate MELD-XI in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for prognostic relevance. Methods A total of 4381 medical patients (66±14 years, 2862 male) admitted to a German ICU between 2004 and 2009 were included and retrospectively investigated. Admission diagnoses were e.g. myocardial infarction (n = 2034), sepsis (n = 694) and heart failure (n = 688). We divided our patients in two cohorts basing on their MELD-XI score and evaluated the MELD-XI score for its prognostic relevance regarding short-term and long-term survival. Optimal cut-offs were calculated by means of the Youden-Index. Results Patients with a MELD-XI score >12 had pronounced laboratory signs of organ failure and more comorbidities. MELD-XI >12 was associated with an increase in short-term (27% vs 6%; HR 4.82, 95%CI 3.93–5.93; p<0.001) and long-term (HR 3.69, 95%CI 3.20–4.25; p<0.001) mortality. In a univariate Cox regression analysis for all patients MELD-XI was associated with increased long-term mortality (changes per score point: HR 1.06, 95%CI 1.05–1.07; p<0.001) and remained to be associated with increased mortality after correction in a multivariate regression analysis for renal failure, liver failure, lactate concentration, blood glucose concentration, oxygenation and white blood count (HR 1.04, 95%CI 1.03–1.06; p<0.001). Optimal cut-off for the overall cohort was 11 and varied remarkably depending on the admission diagnosis: myocardial infarction (9), pulmonary embolism (9), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (17) and pneumonia (17). We performed ROC-analysis and compared the AUC: SAPS2 (0.78, 95%CI 0.76–0.80; p<0.0001) and APACHE (0.76, 95%CI 0.74–0.78; p<0.003) score were superior to MELD-XI (0.71, 95%CI 0.68–0.73) for prediction of mortality. Conclusions The easily calculable MELD-XI score is a robust and reliable tool to predict both intra-ICU and long-term mortality in critically ill medical patients admitted to an ICU. Optimal cut-off values for MELD-XI scores seem to depend on the primary disease and need to be validated in future prospective studies. Compared to SAPS2 and APACHE score, MELD-XI lacks precision but might have comparable and even additive value, as it is easily available and independent of subjective values. PMID:28151948

Model for End-stage Liver Disease excluding INR (MELD-XI) score in critically ill patients: Easily available and of prognostic relevance.

PubMed

Wernly, Bernhard; Lichtenauer, Michael; Franz, Marcus; Kabisch, Bjoern; Muessig, Johanna; Masyuk, Maryna; Hoppe, Uta C; Kelm, Malte; Jung, Christian

2017-01-01

MELD-XI, an adapted version of Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) score excluding INR, was reported to predict outcomes e.g. in patients with acute heart failure. We aimed to evaluate MELD-XI in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for prognostic relevance. A total of 4381 medical patients (66±14 years, 2862 male) admitted to a German ICU between 2004 and 2009 were included and retrospectively investigated. Admission diagnoses were e.g. myocardial infarction (n = 2034), sepsis (n = 694) and heart failure (n = 688). We divided our patients in two cohorts basing on their MELD-XI score and evaluated the MELD-XI score for its prognostic relevance regarding short-term and long-term survival. Optimal cut-offs were calculated by means of the Youden-Index. Patients with a MELD-XI score >12 had pronounced laboratory signs of organ failure and more comorbidities. MELD-XI >12 was associated with an increase in short-term (27% vs 6%; HR 4.82, 95%CI 3.93-5.93; p<0.001) and long-term (HR 3.69, 95%CI 3.20-4.25; p<0.001) mortality. In a univariate Cox regression analysis for all patients MELD-XI was associated with increased long-term mortality (changes per score point: HR 1.06, 95%CI 1.05-1.07; p<0.001) and remained to be associated with increased mortality after correction in a multivariate regression analysis for renal failure, liver failure, lactate concentration, blood glucose concentration, oxygenation and white blood count (HR 1.04, 95%CI 1.03-1.06; p<0.001). Optimal cut-off for the overall cohort was 11 and varied remarkably depending on the admission diagnosis: myocardial infarction (9), pulmonary embolism (9), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (17) and pneumonia (17). We performed ROC-analysis and compared the AUC: SAPS2 (0.78, 95%CI 0.76-0.80; p<0.0001) and APACHE (0.76, 95%CI 0.74-0.78; p<0.003) score were superior to MELD-XI (0.71, 95%CI 0.68-0.73) for prediction of mortality. The easily calculable MELD-XI score is a robust and reliable tool to predict both intra-ICU and long-term mortality in critically ill medical patients admitted to an ICU. Optimal cut-off values for MELD-XI scores seem to depend on the primary disease and need to be validated in future prospective studies. Compared to SAPS2 and APACHE score, MELD-XI lacks precision but might have comparable and even additive value, as it is easily available and independent of subjective values.

First measurements of J/{psi} decays into {sigma}{sup +}{sigma}{sup -} and {xi}{sup 0}{xi}{sup 0}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ablikim, M.; Bai, J. Z.; Bai, Y.

Based on 58x10{sup 6} J/{psi} events collected with the BESII detector at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider, the baryon pair processes J/{psi}{yields}{sigma}{sup +}{sigma}{sup -} and J/{psi}{yields}{xi}{sup 0}{xi}{sup 0} are observed for the first time. The branching fractions are measured to be B(J/{psi}{yields}{sigma}{sup +}{sigma}{sup -})=(1.50{+-}0.10{+-}0.22)x10{sup -3} and B(J/{psi}{yields}{xi}{sup 0}{xi}{sup 0})=(1.20{+-}0.12{+-}0.21)x10{sup -3}, where the first errors are statistical and the second ones are systematic.

Xi0 and anti-Xi0 Polarization Measurements at 800-GeV/c

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abouzaid, E.; Alavi-Harati, A.; Alexopoulos, T.

The polarization of {Xi}{sup 0} and {bar {Xi}}{sup 0} hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons on a BeO target at a fixed targeting angle of 4.8 mrad is measured by the KTeV experiment at Fermilab. The result of 9.7% for {Xi}{sup 0} polarization shows no significant energy dependence when compared to a result obtained at 400 GeV/c production energy and at twice the targeting angle. The polarization of the {Xi}{sup 0} is measured for the first time and found to be consistent with zero. They also examine the dependence of polarization on production p{sub t}.

Xi-cam: a versatile interface for data visualization and analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pandolfi, Ronald J.; Allan, Daniel B.; Arenholz, Elke

Xi-cam is an extensible platform for data management, analysis and visualization.Xi-camaims to provide a flexible and extensible approach to synchrotron data treatment as a solution to rising demands for high-volume/high-throughput processing pipelines. The core ofXi-camis an extensible plugin-based graphical user interface platform which provides users with an interactive interface to processing algorithms. Plugins are available for SAXS/WAXS/GISAXS/GIWAXS, tomography and NEXAFS data. WithXi-cam's `advanced' mode, data processing steps are designed as a graph-based workflow, which can be executed live, locally or remotely. Remote execution utilizes high-performance computing or de-localized resources, allowing for the effective reduction of high-throughput data.Xi-cam's plugin-based architecture targetsmore » cross-facility and cross-technique collaborative development, in support of multi-modal analysis.Xi-camis open-source and cross-platform, and available for download on GitHub.« less

Xi-cam: a versatile interface for data visualization and analysis

DOE PAGES

Pandolfi, Ronald J.; Allan, Daniel B.; Arenholz, Elke; ...

2018-05-31

Xi-cam is an extensible platform for data management, analysis and visualization.Xi-camaims to provide a flexible and extensible approach to synchrotron data treatment as a solution to rising demands for high-volume/high-throughput processing pipelines. The core ofXi-camis an extensible plugin-based graphical user interface platform which provides users with an interactive interface to processing algorithms. Plugins are available for SAXS/WAXS/GISAXS/GIWAXS, tomography and NEXAFS data. WithXi-cam's `advanced' mode, data processing steps are designed as a graph-based workflow, which can be executed live, locally or remotely. Remote execution utilizes high-performance computing or de-localized resources, allowing for the effective reduction of high-throughput data.Xi-cam's plugin-based architecture targetsmore » cross-facility and cross-technique collaborative development, in support of multi-modal analysis.Xi-camis open-source and cross-platform, and available for download on GitHub.« less

BRCA1 does not paint the inactive X to localize XIST RNA but may contribute to broad changes in cancer that impact XIST and Xi heterochromatin.

PubMed

Pageau, Gayle J; Hall, Lisa L; Lawrence, Jeanne B

2007-03-01

The BRCA1 tumor suppressor involved in breast and ovarian cancer is linked to several fundamental cell regulatory processes. Recently, it was reported that BRCA1 supports localization of XIST RNA to the inactive X chromosome (Xi) in women. The apparent cytological overlap between BRCA1 and XIST RNA across the Xi raised the possibility a direct role of BRCA1 in localizing XIST. We report here that BRCA1 does not paint the Xi or XIST territory, as do markers of Xi facultative heterochromatin. A smaller BRCA1 accumulation abuts Xi, although this is not exclusive to Xi. In BRCA1 depleted normal and tumor cells, or BRCA1 reconstituted cells, BRCA1 status does not closely correlate with XIST localization, however in a BRCA1 inducible system over-expression correlated strongly with enhanced XIST expression. We confirm frequent loss of an Xi in tumor cells. In addition to mitotic loss of Xi, we find XIST RNA expression or localization frequently become compromised in cultured breast cancer cells, suggesting Xi heterochromatin may not be fully maintained. We demonstrate that complex epigenetic differences between tumor cell subpopulations can have striking effects on XIST transcription, accumulation, and localization, but this does not strictly correlate with BRCA1. Although BRCA1 can have indirect effects that impact XIST, our results do not indicate a direct and specific role in XIST RNA regulation. Rather, regulatory factors such as BRCA1 that have broad effects on chromatin or gene regulation can impact XIST RNA and the Xi. We provide preliminary evidence that this may occur as part of a wider failure of heterochromatin maintenance in some cancers.

Observation of B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +} and evidence for B{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup -}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chistov, R.; Aushev, T.; Balagura, V.

We report the first observation of the decay B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +} with a significance of 8.7{sigma} and evidence for the decay B{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup -}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +} with a significance of 3.8{sigma}. The product B(B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +})xB({xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}) is measured to be (4.8{sub -0.9}{sup +1.0}{+-}1.1{+-}1.2)x10{sup -5}, and B(B{sup 0}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup -}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +})xB({xi}{sub c}{sup -}{yields}{xi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -}) is measured to be (9.3{sub -2.8}{sup +3.7}{+-}1.9{+-}2.4)x10{sup -5}. The errors are statistical, systematic and the error of the {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{yields}pK{sup -}{pi}{sup +} branching fraction, respectively. The decay B{sup +}{yields}{xi}{sub c}{sup 0}{lambda}{sub c}{supmore » +} is the first example of a two-body exclusive B{sup +} decay into two charmed baryons. The data used for this analysis was accumulated at the {upsilon}(4S) resonance, using the Belle detector at the e{sup +}e{sup -} asymmetric-energy collider KEKB. The integrated luminosity of the data sample is equal to 357 fb{sup -1}, corresponding to 386x10{sup 6} BB pairs.« less

Characterization of Hadamard vector classes in terms of least deviations of their elements from vectors of finite degree

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Radzievski, G V

2001-12-31

Let A be a linear operator with domain D(A) in a complex Banach space X. An element g element of D{sub {infinity}}(A):=intersection{sub j=1}{sup {infinity}}D(A{sup j}) is called a vector of degree at most {xi} (>0) relative to A if ||A{sup j}g||{<=}c(g){xi}{sup j}, j=0,1,.... The set of vectors of degree at most {xi} is denoted by G{sub {xi}}(A) and the least deviation of an element f of X from the set G{sub {xi}}(A) is denoted by E{sub {xi}}(f,A). For a fixed sequence of positive numbers ({psi}{sub j}){sub j=1}{sup {infinity}} consider a function {gamma}({xi}):=min{sub j=1,2,...}({xi}{psi}{sub j}){sup 1/j}. Conditions for the sequence ({psi}{submore » j}){sub j=1}{sup {infinity}} and the operator A are found that ensure the equality lim sup{sub j{yields}}{sub {infinity}}((||A{sup j}f||)/({psi}{sub j})){sup 1/j} = lim sup{sub {xi}}{sub {yields}}{sub {infinity}}{xi}/({gamma}(E{sub {xi}}(f,A){sup -1})) for f element of D{sub {infinity}}(A). If the quantity on the left-hand side of this formula is finite, then f belongs to the Hadamard class determined by the operator A and the sequence {l_brace}{psi}{sub j}{r_brace}{sub j=1}{sup {infinity}}. One consequence of the above formula is an expression in terms of E{sub {xi}}(f,A) for the radius of holomorphy of the vector-valued function F(zA)f, where f element of D{sub {infinity}}(A), and F(z):={sigma}{sub j=1}{sup {infinity}}z{sup j}/{psi}{sub j} is an entire function.« less

Evolution from BCS superconductivity to Bose condensation: Calculation of the zero-temperature phase coherence length

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pistolesi, F.; Strinati, G.C.

1996-06-01

We consider a fermionic system at zero temperature interacting through an effective nonretarded potential of the type introduced by Nozi{grave e}res and Schmitt-Rink, and calculate the {ital phase} coherence length {xi}{sub phase} (associated with the spatial fluctuations of the superconducting order parameter) by exploiting a functional-integral formulation for the correlation functions and the associated loop expansion. This formulation is especially suited to follow the evolution of the fermionic system from a BCS-type superconductor for weak coupling to a Bose-condensed system for strong coupling, since in the latter limit a {ital direct} mapping of the original fermionic system onto an effectivemore » system of bosons with a residual boson-boson interaction can be established. Explicit calculations are performed at the one-loop order. The phase coherence length {xi}{sub phase} is compared with the coherence length {xi}{sub pair} for two-electron correlation, which is relevant to distinguish the weak- ({ital k}{sub {ital F}}{xi}{sub pair}{gt}1) from the strong- ({ital k}{sub {ital F}}{xi}{sub pair}{lt}1) coupling limits ({ital k}{sub {ital F}} being the Fermi wave vector) {ital as} {ital well} {ital as} to follow the crossover in between. It is shown that {xi}{sub phase} coincides with {xi}{sub pair} down to {ital k}{sub {ital F}}{xi}{sub pair}{approx_equal}10, {xi}{sub pair} in turn coinciding with the Pippard coherence length. In the strong-coupling limit we find instead that {xi}{sub phase}{gt}{xi}{sub pair}, with {xi}{sub pair} coinciding with the radius of the bound-electron pair. From the mapping onto an effective system of bosons in the strong-coupling limit we further relate {xi}{sub pair} with the {open_quote}{open_quote}range{close_quote}{close_quote} of the residual boson-boson interaction, which is physically the only significant length associated with the dynamics of the bosonic system. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}« less

Bacterial xylose isomerases from the mammal gut Bacteroidetes cluster function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for effective xylose fermentation.

PubMed

Peng, Bingyin; Huang, Shuangcheng; Liu, Tingting; Geng, Anli

2015-05-17

Xylose isomerase (XI) catalyzes the conversion of xylose to xylulose, which is the key step for anaerobic ethanolic fermentation of xylose. Very few bacterial XIs can function actively in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we illustrate a group of XIs that would function for xylose fermentation in S. cerevisiae through phylogenetic analysis, recombinant yeast strain construction, and xylose fermentation. Phylogenetic analysis of deposited XI sequences showed that XI evolutionary relationship was highly consistent with the bacterial taxonomic orders and quite a few functional XIs in S. cerevisiae were clustered with XIs from mammal gut Bacteroidetes group. An XI from Bacteroides valgutus in this cluster was actively expressed in S. cerevisiae with an activity comparable to the fungal XI from Piromyces sp. Two XI genes were isolated from the environmental metagenome and they were clustered with XIs from environmental Bacteroidetes group. These two XIs could not be expressed in yeast with activity. With the XI from B. valgutus expressed in S. cerevisiae, background yeast strains were optimized by pentose metabolizing pathway enhancement and adaptive evolution in xylose medium. Afterwards, more XIs from the mammal gut Bacteroidetes group, including those from B. vulgatus, Tannerella sp. 6_1_58FAA_CT1, Paraprevotella xylaniphila and Alistipes sp. HGB5, were individually transformed into S. cerevisiae. The known functional XI from Orpinomyces sp. ukk1, a mammal gut fungus, was used as the control. All the resulting recombinant yeast strains were able to ferment xylose. The respiration-deficient strains harboring B. vulgatus and Alistipes sp. HGB5 XI genes respectively obtained specific xylose consumption rate of 0.662 and 0.704 g xylose gcdw(-1) h(-1), and ethanol specific productivity of 0.277 and 0.283 g ethanol gcdw(-1) h(-1), much comparable to those obtained by the control strain carrying Orpinomyces sp. ukk1 XI gene. This study demonstrated that XIs clustered in the mammal gut Bacteroidetes group were able to be expressed functionally in S. cerevisiae and background strain anaerobic adaptive evolution in xylose medium is essential for the screening of functional XIs. The methods outlined in this paper are instructive for the identification of novel XIs that are functional in S. cerevisiae.

Redshift distortions of galaxy correlation functions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Fry, J. N.; Gaztanaga, Enrique

1994-01-01

To examine how peculiar velocities can affect the two-, three-, and four-point redshift correlation functions, we evaluate volume-average correlations for configurations that emphasize and minimize redshift distortions for four different volume-limited samples from each of the CfA, SSRS, and IRAS redshift catalogs. We present the results as the correlation length r(sub 0) and power index gamma of the two-point correlations, bar-xi(sub 0) = (r(sub 0)/r)(exp gamma), and as the hierarchical amplitudes of the three- and four-point functions, S(sub 3) = bar-xi(sub 3)/bar-xi(exp 2)(sub 2) and S(sub 4) = bar-xi(sub 4)/bar-xi(exp 3)(sub 2). We find a characteristic distortion for bar-xi(sub 2), the slope gamma is flatter and the correlation length is larger in redshift space than in real space; that is, redshift distortions 'move' correlations from small to large scales. At the largest scales (up to 12 Mpc), the extra power in the redshift distribution is compatible with Omega(exp 4/7)/b approximately equal to 1. We estimate Omega(exp 4/7)/b to be 0.53 +/- 0.15, 1.10 +/- 0.16, and 0.84 +/- 0.45 for the CfA, SSRS, and IRAS catalogs. Higher order correlations bar-xi(sub 3) and bar-xi(sub 4) suffer similar redshift distortions but in such a way that, within the accuracy of our ananlysis, the normalized amplitudes S(sub 3) and S(sub 4) are insensitive to this effect. The hierarchical amplitudes S(sub 3) and S(sub 4) are constant as a function of scale between 1 and 12 Mpc and have similar values in all samples and catalogs, S(sub 3) approximately equal to 2 and S(sub 4) approximately equal to 6, despite the fact that bar-xi(sub 2), bar-xi(sub 3), and bar-xi(sub 4) differ from one sample to another by large factors (up to a factor of 4 in bar-xi(sub 2), 8 for bar-xi(sub 3), and 12 for bar-xi(sub 4)). The agreement between the independent estimations of S(sub 3) and S(sub 4) is remarkable given the different criteria in the selection of galaxies and also the difference in the resulting range of densities, luminosities, and locations between samples.

In vivo prostate IMRT dosimetry with MOSFET detectors using brass buildup caps

PubMed Central

Varadhan, Raj; Miller, John; Garrity, Brenden; Weber, Michael

2006-01-01

The feasibility of using dual bias metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) detectors with the new hemispherical brass buildup cap for in vivo dose measurements in prostate intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatments was investigated and achieved. In this work, MOSFET detectors with brass buildup caps placed on the patient's skin surface on the central axis of the individual IMRT beams are used to determine the maximum entrance dose (Dmax) from the prostate IMRT fields. A general formalism with various correction factors taken into account to predict Dmax entrance dose for the IMRT fields with MOSFETs was developed and compared against predicted dose from the treatment‐planning system (TPS). We achieved an overall accuracy of better than ±5% on all measured fields for both 6‐MV and 10‐MV beams when compared to predicted doses from the Philips Pinnacle 3 and CMS XiO TPSs, respectively. We also estimate the total uncertainty in estimation of MOSFET dose in the high‐sensitivity mode for IMRT therapy to be 4.6%. PACS numbers: 87.53Xd, 87.56Fc PMID:17533354

Search for the lepton-number-violating decay Xi(-)-->pmu(-)mu(-).

PubMed

Rajaram, D; Burnstein, R A; Chakravorty, A; Chan, A; Chen, Y C; Choong, W S; Clark, K; Dukes, E C; Durandet, C; Felix, J; Gidal, G; Gu, P; Gustafson, H R; Ho, C; Holmstrom, T; Huang, M; James, C; Jenkins, C M; Kaplan, D M; Lederman, L M; Leros, N; Longo, M J; Lopez, F; Lu, L C; Luebke, W; Luk, K B; Nelson, K S; Park, H K; Perroud, J-P; Rubin, H A; Teng, P K; Volk, J; White, C G; White, S L; Zyla, P

2005-05-13

A sensitive search for the lepton-number-violating decay Xi(-)-->pmu(-)mu(-) has been performed using a sample of approximately 10(9) Xi(-) hyperons produced in 800 GeV/c p-Cu collisions. We obtain B(Xi(-)-->pmu(-)mu(-))<4.0x10(-8) at 90% confidence, improving on the best previous limit by 4 orders of magnitude.

Xi-cam: Flexible High Throughput Data Processing for GISAXS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pandolfi, Ronald; Kumar, Dinesh; Venkatakrishnan, Singanallur; Sarje, Abinav; Krishnan, Hari; Pellouchoud, Lenson; Ren, Fang; Fournier, Amanda; Jiang, Zhang; Tassone, Christopher; Mehta, Apurva; Sethian, James; Hexemer, Alexander

With increasing capabilities and data demand for GISAXS beamlines, supporting software is under development to handle larger data rates, volumes, and processing needs. We aim to provide a flexible and extensible approach to GISAXS data treatment as a solution to these rising needs. Xi-cam is the CAMERA platform for data management, analysis, and visualization. The core of Xi-cam is an extensible plugin-based GUI platform which provides users an interactive interface to processing algorithms. Plugins are available for SAXS/GISAXS data and data series visualization, as well as forward modeling and simulation through HipGISAXS. With Xi-cam's advanced mode, data processing steps are designed as a graph-based workflow, which can be executed locally or remotely. Remote execution utilizes HPC or de-localized resources, allowing for effective reduction of high-throughput data. Xi-cam is open-source and cross-platform. The processing algorithms in Xi-cam include parallel cpu and gpu processing optimizations, also taking advantage of external processing packages such as pyFAI. Xi-cam is available for download online.

Screening in ionic systems: simulations for the Lebowitz length.

PubMed

Kim, Young C; Luijten, Erik; Fisher, Michael E

2005-09-30

Simulations of the Lebowitz length, xiL (T, rho), are reported for the restricted primitive model hard-core (diameter a) 1:1 electrolyte for densities rho approximately < 4rho(c) and T(c) approximately < T approximately < 40T(c). Finite-size effects are elucidated for the charge fluctuations in various subdomains that serve to evaluate xiL. On extrapolation to the bulk limit for T approximately > 10T(c) the exact low-density expansions are seen to fail badly when rho > 1/10 rho(c) (with rho(c)a3 approximately = 0.08). At higher densities xiL rises above the Debye length, xiD proportional to square root(T/rho), by 10%-30% (up to rho approximately =1.3rho(c)); the variation is portrayed fairly well by the generalized Debye-Hückel theory. On approaching criticality at fixed rho or fixed T, xiL (T, rho) remains finite with xiL(c) approximately = 0.30a approximately = 1.3xiD(c) but displays a weak entropylike singularity.

2017 Scientific Sessions Sol Sherry Distinguished Lecture in Thrombosis: Factor XI as a Target for New Anticoagulants.

PubMed

Weitz, Jeffrey I; Fredenburgh, James C

2018-02-01

The goal of anticoagulant therapy is to attenuate thrombosis without compromising hemostasis. Although the direct oral anticoagulants are associated with less intracranial hemorrhage than vitamin K antagonists, bleeding remains their major side effect. Factor XI has emerged as a promising target for anticoagulants that may be safer than those currently available. The focus on factor XI stems from epidemiological evidence of its role in thrombosis, the observation of attenuated thrombosis in factor XI-deficient mice, identification of novel activators, and the fact that factor XI deficiency is associated with only a mild bleeding diathesis. Proof-of-concept comes from the demonstration that compared with enoxaparin, factor XI knockdown reduces venous thromboembolism without increasing bleeding after elective knee arthroplasty. This article rationalizes the selection of factor XI as a target for new anticoagulants, reviews the agents under development, and outlines a potential path forward for their development. © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc.

Documentation of program COORDC to generate and coordinate system for 3D corners with or without fillet using body fitted curvilinear coordinates, part 2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kumar, D.

1980-01-01

The computer program COORDC generates a body fitted curvilinear coordinate system for corner geometry with or without corner fillets. It is assumed that at any given xi, x remains constant; consequently the only variation is in y and z. It is also assumed that for all xi's in the physical plane the coordinate system in y-z plane is similar. This enables solution of coordinate system for one particular xi = 1 (x for xi = 1 is arbitrarily chosen to be 0.0) and the solution for all other xi plane can be easily specified once the coordinates in the physical plane on the line 1 or = to xi or = to IMAX, eta = 1, zeta = 1 are specified.

A COSMIC COINCIDENCE: THE POWER-LAW GALAXY CORRELATION FUNCTION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Watson, Douglas F.; Berlind, Andreas A.; Zentner, Andrew R.

We model the evolution of galaxy clustering through cosmic time to investigate the nature of the power-law shape of {xi}(r), the galaxy two-point correlation function. While {xi}(r) at large scales is set by primordial fluctuations, departures from a power law are governed by galaxy pair counts at small scales, subject to nonlinear dynamics. We assume that galaxies reside within dark matter halos and subhalos. Therefore, the shape of the correlation function at small scales depends on the amount of halo substructure. We use a semi-analytic substructure evolution model to study subhalo populations within host halos. We find that tidal massmore » loss and, to a lesser extent, dynamical friction dramatically deplete the number of subhalos within larger host halos over time, resulting in a {approx}90% reduction by z = 0 compared to the number of distinct mergers that occur during the assembly of a host halo. We show that these nonlinear processes resulting in this depletion are essential for achieving a power law {xi}(r). We investigate how the shape of {xi}(r) depends on subhalo mass (or luminosity) and redshift. We find that {xi}(r) breaks from a power law at high masses, implying that only galaxies of luminosities {approx}< L{sub *} should exhibit power-law clustering. Moreover, we demonstrate that {xi}(r) evolves from being far from a power law at high redshift, toward a near power-law shape at z = 0. We argue that {xi}(r) will once again evolve away from a power law in the future. This is in large part caused by the evolving competition between the accretion and destruction rates of subhalos over time, which happen to strike just the right balance at z {approx} 0. We then investigate the conditions required for {xi}(r) to be a power law in a general context. We use the halo model, along with simple parameterizations of the halo occupation distribution, to probe galaxy occupation at various masses and redshifts. We show that the key ingredients determining the shape of {xi}(r) are the fraction of galaxies that are satellites, the relative difference in mass between the halos of isolated galaxies and halos that contain a single satellite on average, and the rareness of halos that host galaxies. These pieces are intertwined and we find no simple, universal rule for which a power law {xi}(r) will occur. However, we do show that the physics responsible for setting the galaxy content of halos do not care about the conditions needed to achieve a power law {xi}(r) and that these conditions are met only in a narrow mass and redshift range. We conclude that the power-law nature of {xi}(r) for L{sub *} and fainter galaxy samples at low redshift is a cosmic coincidence.« less

Aristolochic acid-related nephropathy associated with the popular Chinese herb Xi Xin.

PubMed

Yang, Huang-Yu; Lin, J-L; Chen, Kuan-Hsing; Yu, Chun-Chen; Hsu, Po-Yaur; Lin, Chun-Liang

2006-01-01

Chinese herbs nephropathy is known as a subacute interstitial nephritis attributed to aristolochic acid. This work describes the case of a 49-year-old male who displayed subacute renal failure induced by ingestion of herbal powder containing Xi Xin, which includes aristolochic acid. Since Xi Xin is a common ingredient in traditional formulae, care needs to be taken in the future to identify the aristolochic acid concentration of different components of Xi Xin. Xi Xin containing aristolochic acid should be forbidden for use in remedies in order to prevent the harmful effects of aristolochic acid.

Spherical means of solutions of partial differential equations in a conical region

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Ting, L.

1975-01-01

The spherical means of the solutions of a linear partial differential equation Lu = f in a conical region are studied. The conical region is bounded by a surface generated by curvilinear xi lines and by two truncating xi surfaces. The spherical mean is the average of u over a constant xi surface. Conditions on the linear differential operator, L, and on the orthogonal coordinates xi, eta, and zeta are established so that the problem for the determination of the spherical mean of the solution subjected to the appropriate boundary and initial conditions can be reduced to a problem with only one space variable. Conditions are then established so that the spherical mean of the solution in one conical region will be proportional to that of a known solution in another conical region. Applications to various problems of mathematical physics and their physical interpretations are presented.

Ground Subsidence Monitoring with MT-InSAR and Mechanism Inversion Over Xi'an, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Peng, M. M.; Zhao, C. Y.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, J.; Liu, Y. Y.

2018-04-01

The ancient Xi'an, China, has been suffering severe land subsidence and ground fissure hazards since the 1960s, which has affected the safety of Subways. Multi-sensor SAR data are conducted to monitor the latest complex ground deformation and its influence on subway line No.3 over Xi'an. Annual deformation rates have been retrieved to reveal the spatiotemporal evolution of ground subsidence in Xi'an city from 2013 to 2017. Meanwhile, the correlation between land subsidence and ground fissures are analyzed by retrieving the deformation differences in both sides of the fissures. Besides, the deformation along subway line No. 3 is analyzed, and the fast deformation section is quantitatively studied. Finally, a flat lying sill model with distributed contractions is implemented to model the InSAR deformation over YHZ subsidence center, which manifests that the ground deformation is mainly caused by groundwater withdrawal.

Influence of Problem-Based Learning Model of Learning to the Mathematical Communication Ability of Students of Grade XI IPA SMAN 14 Padang

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nisa, I. M.

2018-04-01

The ability of mathematical communication is one of the goals of learning mathematics expected to be mastered by students. However, reality in the field found that the ability of mathematical communication the students of grade XI IPA SMA Negeri 14 Padang have not developed optimally. This is evident from the low test results of communication skills mathematically done. One of the factors that causes this happens is learning that has not been fully able to facilitate students to develop mathematical communication skills well. By therefore, to improve students' mathematical communication skills required a model in the learning activities. One of the models learning that can be used is Problem Based learning model Learning (PBL). The purpose of this study is to see whether the ability the students' mathematical communication using the PBL model better than the students' mathematical communication skills of the learning using conventional learning in Class XI IPA SMAN 14 Padang. This research type is quasi experiment with design Randomized Group Only Design. Population in this research that is student of class XI IPA SMAN 14 Padang with sample class XI IPA 3 and class XI IPA 4. Data retrieval is done by using communication skill test mathematically shaped essay. To test the hypothesis used U-Mann test Whitney. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the ability mathematical communication of students whose learning apply more PBL model better than the students' mathematical communication skills of their learning apply conventional learning in class XI IPA SMA 14 Padang at α = 0.05. This indicates that the PBL learning model effect on students' mathematical communication ability.

Radiation Protection Methods for the Interventionalist’s Hands: Use of an Extension Tube

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dixon, Shaheen, E-mail: shaheen7noorani@gmail.com; Schick, Daniel, E-mail: Daniel.Schick@health.qld.gov.au; Harper, John, E-mail: John-Harper@health.qld.gov.au

2015-04-15

PurposeCumulative radiation exposure to the hands during certain interventional procedures may be high. It is important to decrease the amount of radiation to the operator due to the possibility of deterministic effects. We performed a pilot study to demonstrate a significant decrease in operator dose when using extension tubing (ET) in combination with shielding and collimation during a simulated percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (PTC) procedure.MethodsA whole body, anthropomorphic phantom was used to simulate the patient. A Unfors-Xi Survey detector (to measure scatter) supported by a retort stand and trolley was placed in various positions to simulate the position of hands andmore » eyes/thyroid of an interventionalist. Radiation dose was measured simulating left and right-sided PTC punctures with and without a lead shield, and with and without ET.ResultsRegarding the radiation dose to the hands; the use of an ET reduces dose by 54 % in right-sided PTC punctures without a shield and by 91 % if used in combination with a shield. For left-sided PTC punctures, ET reduces hand dose by 75 %. The use of collimation decreases hand dose by approximately 60 %. The use of shielding reduces dose to the eyes/thyroid by 98 %.ConclusionsThe dose to the hands can be significantly reduced with the appropriate use of a shield, ET, and tight collimation. The use of a shield is paramount to reduce dose to the eyes/thyroid. It is important for interventionalists to adhere to radiation protective practice considering the potential deterministic effects during a lifelong career.« less

[Heavy metals pollution and analysis of seasonal variation runoff in Xi'an].

PubMed

Yuan, Hong-Lin; Li, Xing-Yu; Wang, Xiao-Chang

2014-11-01

In order to explore heavy metals pollution situation,changes in characteristics, the correlation between each heavy mental and pollution source analysis of Xi'an various regions in different season in one year. This study collected several samples of Xi'an rainfall typical urban trunk roads throughout the year in 2013 and used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the level of Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Al, Cd of the samples, then, analyzed the seasonal change of heavy mental. Studies have shown that: the heavy metal of Xi'an road runoff pollutes seriously, the concentration of Fe over three times of the national standard and maintain the higher levels throughout the year, meanwhile the concentration with the intensity of human activities increases. The concentration of Mn and Zn in one year show a trends: winter > autumn > summer> spring. Pb concentration increases with the increase in traffic volume, while showing: winter > spring > summer > autumn. Factor analysis shows: Fe and Al was affected by the same sources-natural sources; Zn, Cd affected by anthropogenic sources of large; Mn, Pb affected by the larger traffic sources.

Molecular dynamics study of the isotropic-nematic quench.

PubMed

Bradac, Z; Kralj, S; Zumer, S

2002-02-01

Effects of cylindrical and spherical confinement on the kinetics of the isotropic-nematic quench is studied numerically. The nematic liquid crystal structure was modeled by a modified induced-dipole--induced-dipole interaction. Molecules were allowed to wander around points of a hexagonal lattice. Brownian molecular dynamics was used in order to access macroscopic time scales. In the bulk we distinguish between the early, domain, and late stage regime. The early regime is characterized by the exponential growth of the nematic uniaxial order parameter. In the domain regime domains are clearly visible and the average nematic domain size xi(d) obeys the dynamical scaling law xi(d)-t(gamma). The late stage evolution is dominated by dynamics of individual defects. In a confined system the qualitative change of the scaling behavior appears when xi(d) becomes comparable to a typical linear dimension R of the confinement. In the confining regime (xi(d)>or=R) the scaling coefficient gamma depends on the details of the confinement and also the final equilibrium nematic structure. The domain growth is well described with the Kibble-Zurek mechanism.

Human X chromosome inactivation and reactivation: implications for cell reprogramming and disease.

PubMed

Cantone, Irene; Fisher, Amanda G

2017-11-05

X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is an exemplar of epigenetic regulation that is set up as pluripotent cells differentiate. Once established, XCI is stably propagated, but can be reversed in vivo or by pluripotent reprogramming in vitro Although reprogramming provides a useful model for inactive X (Xi) reactivation in mouse, the relative instability and heterogeneity of human embryonic stem (ES) cells and induced pluripotent stem cells hampers comparable progress in human. Here we review studies aimed at reactivating the human Xi using different reprogramming strategies. We outline our recent results using mouse ES cells to reprogramme female human fibroblasts by cell-cell fusion. We show that pluripotent reprogramming induces widespread and rapid chromatin remodelling in which the human Xi loses XIST and H3K27m3 enrichment and selected Xi genes become reactivated, ahead of mitotic division. Using RNA sequencing to map the extent of human Xi reactivation, and chromatin-modifying drugs to potentiate reactivation, we outline how this approach could be used to better design strategies to re-express human X-linked loci. As cell fusion induces the expression of human pluripotency genes that represent both the 'primed' and 'naive' states, this approach may also offer a fresh opportunity to segregate human pluripotent states with distinct Xi expression profiles, using single-cell-based approaches.This article is part of the themed issue 'X-chromosome inactivation: a tribute to Mary Lyon'. © 2017 The Author(s).

[Oxytocin, the hormone that everyone uses and that few know].

PubMed

López-Ramírez, Cinthia Elizabeth; Arámbula-Almanza, Jaqueline; Camarena-Pulido, Eva Elizabet

2014-07-01

BACKGROUND. Oxytocin is a well known drug most commonly used in obstetrics for induction or augmentation of labor. Due to its essential role in labor, and the overall effect in the body, oxytocin must be deeply understood by all obstetricians who use it and prescribe it. There is relevant data listed about oxytocin and has reviewed the evidence in 31 full text articles of indexed journals between 1999 and 2013. In search engines like MEDLINE, MedicLatina, PUBMED, Wolters Kluwer Healt, with keywords like: oxytocin, oxytocin receptor, oxytocin vasopressin, oxytocin postpartum, oxytocin review, oxytocin labor, oxytocin release. The best evidence from the literature based on the methodology they used is included. The word oxytocin comes from the Greek words omega Chi upsilon xi, tau omicron Chi omicron chi xi, which means "swift birth". It is synthesized in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypotalamus is mainly released from the neurohypophysis and nerve terminals. It travels from the brain to the heart and the whole body, activating or modulating a wide range of functions and emotions. Mainly cause myometrial contractions and myoepithelial cells of the breast for milk ejection. Its adverse effects are dose-related. No one knows exactly the minumum and maximum dose of oxytocin. More research is needed about central and peripheral receptors, coupled with the use to which they currently gives to agonists and antagonists of oxytocin and its receptor. As of 2013, the documented adverse effects to date have been undervalued.

Baryon chiral perturbation theory combined with the 1 / N c expansion in SU(3): Framework

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fernando, I. P.; Goity, J. L.

Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory combined with themore » $$1/N_c$$ expansion is implemented for three flavors. Here, Baryon masses, vector charges and axial vector couplings are studied to one-loop and organized according to the $$\\xi$$-expansion, in which the $$1/N_c$$ and the low energy power countings are linked according to $$1/N_c={\\cal{O}}(\\xi)={\\cal{O}}(p)$$. The renormalization to $${\\cal{O}}(\\xi^3)$$ necessary for the mentioned observables is provided, along with applications to the baryon masses and axial couplings as obtained in lattice QCD calculations.« less

Baryon chiral perturbation theory combined with the 1 / N c expansion in SU(3): Framework

DOE PAGES

Fernando, I. P.; Goity, J. L.

2018-03-14

Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory combined with themore » $$1/N_c$$ expansion is implemented for three flavors. Here, Baryon masses, vector charges and axial vector couplings are studied to one-loop and organized according to the $$\\xi$$-expansion, in which the $$1/N_c$$ and the low energy power countings are linked according to $$1/N_c={\\cal{O}}(\\xi)={\\cal{O}}(p)$$. The renormalization to $${\\cal{O}}(\\xi^3)$$ necessary for the mentioned observables is provided, along with applications to the baryon masses and axial couplings as obtained in lattice QCD calculations.« less

The trans-activator RNF12 and cis-acting elements effectuate X chromosome inactivation independent of X-pairing.

PubMed

Barakat, Tahsin Stefan; Loos, Friedemann; van Staveren, Selma; Myronova, Elvira; Ghazvini, Mehrnaz; Grootegoed, J Anton; Gribnau, Joost

2014-03-20

X chromosome inactivation (XCI) in female placental mammals is a vital mechanism for dosage compensation between X-linked and autosomal genes. XCI starts with activation of Xist and silencing of the negative regulator Tsix, followed by cis spreading of Xist RNA over the future inactive X chromosome (Xi). Here, we show that XCI does not require physical contact between the two X chromosomes (X-pairing) but is regulated by trans-acting diffusible factors. We found that the X-encoded trans-acting and dose-dependent XCI-activator RNF12 acts in concert with the cis-regulatory region containing Jpx, Ftx, and Xpr to activate Xist and to overcome repression by Tsix. RNF12 acts at two subsequent steps; two active copies of Rnf12 drive initiation of XCI, and one copy needs to remain active to maintain XCI toward establishment of the Xi. This two-step mechanism ensures that XCI is very robust and fine-tuned, preventing XCI of both X chromosomes. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Forward-Backward asymmetry in $$\\Lambda_{b}$$ production and search for the $$\\Xi^{-}_{b}$$ and $$\\Omega^{-}_{b}$$ baryons in $$p\\bar{p}$$ collisions at $$\\sqrt{s} = 1.96$$ TeV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Garcia Gonzalez, Jose Andres

We present a search for the heavy-flavor baryonsmore » $$\\Xi_{b}$$ (bsd) and $$\\Omega^{-}_{b}$$ in decays $$\\Xi^{-}_{b}$$→ J/ψ$$\\Xi^{-}_{b}$$ → J/ψΛπ-, J/ψ → μ + μ - and $$\\Omega^{-}_{b}$$ → J/ψ$$\\Omega^{-}_{b}$$ J/ψΛ $$K^{-}_{b}$$, J/ψ → μ + μ - respectively.« less

Short-term sandbar variability based on video imagery: Comparison between Time-Average and Time-Variance techniques

USGS Publications Warehouse

Guedes, R.M.C.; Calliari, L.J.; Holland, K.T.; Plant, N.G.; Pereira, P.S.; Alves, F.N.A.

2011-01-01

Time-exposure intensity (averaged) images are commonly used to locate the nearshore sandbar position (xb), based on the cross-shore locations of maximum pixel intensity (xi) of the bright bands in the images. It is not known, however, how the breaking patterns seen in Variance images (i.e. those created through standard deviation of pixel intensity over time) are related to the sandbar locations. We investigated the suitability of both Time-exposure and Variance images for sandbar detection within a multiple bar system on the southern coast of Brazil, and verified the relation between wave breaking patterns, observed as bands of high intensity in these images and cross-shore profiles of modeled wave energy dissipation (xD). Not only is Time-exposure maximum pixel intensity location (xi-Ti) well related to xb, but also to the maximum pixel intensity location of Variance images (xi-Va), although the latter was typically located 15m offshore of the former. In addition, xi-Va was observed to be better associated with xD even though xi-Ti is commonly assumed as maximum wave energy dissipation. Significant wave height (Hs) and water level (??) were observed to affect the two types of images in a similar way, with an increase in both Hs and ?? resulting in xi shifting offshore. This ??-induced xi variability has an opposite behavior to what is described in the literature, and is likely an indirect effect of higher waves breaking farther offshore during periods of storm surges. Multiple regression models performed on xi, Hs and ?? allowed the reduction of the residual errors between xb and xi, yielding accurate estimates with most residuals less than 10m. Additionally, it was found that the sandbar position was best estimated using xi-Ti (xi-Va) when xb was located shoreward (seaward) of its mean position, for both the first and the second bar. Although it is unknown whether this is an indirect hydrodynamic effect or is indeed related to the morphology, we found that this behavior can be explored to optimize sandbar estimation using video imagery, even in the absence of hydrodynamic data. ?? 2011 Elsevier B.V..

University of Nottingham Ningbo China and Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University: Globalization of Higher Education in China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feng, Yi

2013-01-01

This essay studies the University of Nottingham Ningbo China and Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University--the two Chinese campuses established respectively by the University of Nottingham and the University of Liverpool. They represent successful models of globalization of higher education in China; however their rationale, strategies, curricula,…

Teaching Authorial Style and Literary Technique: "Exemplo XI" of "El Conde Lucanor"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bryant, Stacy

2016-01-01

This current study proposes a comparative method of teaching authorial style, using four versions of "Exemplo XI," an often-anthologized tale about the "mago" of Toledo, Don Illán, from the "Conde Lucanor," a series of interlinked tales by the early fourteenth-century author Don Juan Manuel. Teaching a medieval text…

MuPeXI: prediction of neo-epitopes from tumor sequencing data.

PubMed

Bjerregaard, Anne-Mette; Nielsen, Morten; Hadrup, Sine Reker; Szallasi, Zoltan; Eklund, Aron Charles

2017-09-01

Personalization of immunotherapies such as cancer vaccines and adoptive T cell therapy depends on identification of patient-specific neo-epitopes that can be specifically targeted. MuPeXI, the mutant peptide extractor and informer, is a program to identify tumor-specific peptides and assess their potential to be neo-epitopes. The program input is a file with somatic mutation calls, a list of HLA types, and optionally a gene expression profile. The output is a table with all tumor-specific peptides derived from nucleotide substitutions, insertions, and deletions, along with comprehensive annotation, including HLA binding and similarity to normal peptides. The peptides are sorted according to a priority score which is intended to roughly predict immunogenicity. We applied MuPeXI to three tumors for which predicted MHC-binding peptides had been screened for T cell reactivity, and found that MuPeXI was able to prioritize immunogenic peptides with an area under the curve of 0.63. Compared to other available tools, MuPeXI provides more information and is easier to use. MuPeXI is available as stand-alone software and as a web server at http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/MuPeXI .

The impact on post-operative shoulder function of intraoperative nerve monitoring of cranial nerve XI during modified radical neck dissection.

PubMed

Lanišnik, Boštjan; Žitnik, Lidija; Levart, Primož; Žargi, Miha; Rodi, Zoran

2016-12-01

Intraoperative monitoring of the cranial nerve XI (CN XI) may decrease shoulder disability following modified radical neck dissection. Prospective study was designed comparing results of Constant Shoulder Score (CSS), Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) and EMG score of the trapezius muscle (mT) before and after surgery. One side of the neck was monitored during surgery with intraoperative nerve monitor. EMG scores of the mT 6 months postoperatively were statistically better on monitored as compared to the non-monitored side of the neck (p = 0.041), while the differences of the CSS and SPADI were not statistically significant. Patients with better EMG scores of the mT at 6 weeks recuperated better and with smaller decrease of the CSS. Intraoperative monitoring is beneficial at the beginning of the surgeon's learning curve and in the process of familiarizing with anatomical variation of the CN XI.

Direct Visualization of Surfaces from Computed Tomography Data,

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-01-01

dominant method - slice-by-slice - makes comprehension of convoluted, small, or faint structures difficult. From a densitometric point of view, the human ...Di t SPeclal 4 N(xI) = Vf(lx) IVf (XI)I* There are many ways to estimate the gradient vector Vf(xi). The selection of an operator depends on the...the data is relatively noise-free or has been pre-smoothed. A graph of a(xi) as a function of f(xi) and IVf (xl)l for three tissue types A, B, and C

Collider signals of maximal flavor violation: Same-sign leptons from same-sign top quarks at the Fermilab Tevatron

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bar-Shalom, Shaouly; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697; Rajaraman, Arvind

2008-08-01

In models of maximal flavor violation (MxFV) suggested in [S. Bar-Shalom and A. Rajaraman, Phys. Rev. D 77, 095011 (2008).] there is at least one new scalar {phi}{sub FV} which couples to the quarks via {phi}{sub FV}q{sub i}q{sub j}{proportional_to}{xi}{sub ij} where {xi}{sub i3},{xi}{sub 3i}{approx}V{sub tb} for i=1, 2 and {xi}{sub 33}{approx}V{sub td} and V is the CKM matrix. In this article, we explore the potential phenomenological implications of MxFV for collider experiments. We study MxFV signals of same-sign leptons from same-sign top-quark pair production at the Tevatron and at the LHC. We show that the current Tevatron data set hasmore » strong sensitivity to this signature, for which there are no current limits. For example, if m{sub {phi}{sub FV}}{approx}200 GeV and the MxFV coupling {xi} has a natural value of {approx}1, we expect {approx}12 MxFV events to survive a selection requiring a pair of same-sign leptons, a tagged b-jet and missing transverse energy, over a background of approximately 4-5 events.« less

A Universal Shape of Empirical Mass Formula for all Leptons and Quarks

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Królikowski, W.

2006-09-01

A specific {ITALIC universal} shape of empirical mass formula is proposed for all leptons nu 1, nu 2 , nu 3 and e-, mu -, tau - as well as all quarks u, c, t and d, s, b of three generations, parametrized by three free constants mu , \\varepsilon , xi assuming four different triplets of values. Four such triplets of parameter values are determined or estimated from the present data. Mass spectra in the four cases are related to each other by {ITALIC shifting} the triplet of parameters mu , \\varepsilon , xi . For charged leptons xi simeq 0 (but probably xi not =0). If for them xi is put to be exactly 0, then mtau = 1776.80 MeV is {ITALIC predicted} after the input of experimental me and mmu (the central value of experimental mtau = 1776.99+ 0.29-0.26 MeV corresponds to xi =1.8times 10-3not =0). For neutrinos 1/xi simeq 0 (but 1/xi not =0 in the case of normal hierarchy m2nu 1 ll m2nu 2 ll m2nu 3). If for neutrinos 1/xi is conjectured to be exactly 0, then (mnu 1, mnu 2, mnu 3) sim (1.5, 1.2, 5.1)times 10-2 eV are {ITALIC predicted} after the input of experimental estimates |m2nu 2 - m2nu 1| sim 8.0times 10-5mskip thickmuskip {eV}2 and |m2nu 3 - m2nu 2| sim 2.4times 10-3mskip thickmuskip {eV}2. Thus, the mass ordering of neutrino states 1 and 2 is then {ITALIC inverted}, while the position of state 3 is {ITALIC normal}.

Translation and Validation of a Korean Version of the Xerostomia Inventory in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome.

PubMed

Lee, Jennifer; Koh, Jung Hee; Kwok, Seung-Ki; Park, Sung-Hwan

2016-05-01

This study was conducted to generate and validate a cross-culturally adapted Korean version of the xerostomia inventory (XI), an 11-item questionnaire designed to measure the severity of xerostomia. The original English version of the XI was translated into Korean according to the guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality-of-life measures. Among a prospective cohort of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) in Korea, 194 patients were analyzed. Internal consistency was evaluated by using Cronbach's alpha, and test-retest reliability was obtained by using an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis. Construct validity was investigated by performing a correlation analysis between XI total score and salivary flow rate (SFR). Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was 0.868, and the ICC for test-retest reliability ranged from 0.48 to 0.827, with a median value of 0.72. Moderate negative correlations between XI score and stimulated SFR, unstimulated SFR, and differential (stimulated minus unstimulated) SFR were observed (Spearman's rho, ρ = -0.515, -0.447, and -0.482, respectively; P < 0.001). The correlation analysis between the visual analogue scale (VAS) score of overall dryness and SFR indicated a smaller ρ value (-0.235 [P = 0.006], -0.243 [P = 0.002], and -0.252 [P = 0.003], respectively), which supports that XI more accurately reflects the degree of xerostomia in the pSS patients. In conclusion, the Korean version of the XI is a reliable tool to estimate the severity of xerostomia in patients with pSS.

SU-E-T-91: Accuracy of Dose Calculation Algorithms for Patients Undergoing Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Tajaldeen, A; Ramachandran, P; Geso, M

2015-06-15

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify the variation in dose distributions in small field lung cancer radiotherapy using seven different dose calculation algorithms. Methods: The study was performed in 21 lung cancer patients who underwent Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (SABR). Two different methods (i) Same dose coverage to the target volume (named as same dose method) (ii) Same monitor units in all algorithms (named as same monitor units) were used for studying the performance of seven different dose calculation algorithms in XiO and Eclipse treatment planning systems. The seven dose calculation algorithms include Superposition, Fastmore » superposition, Fast Fourier Transform ( FFT) Convolution, Clarkson, Anisotropic Analytic Algorithm (AAA), Acurous XB and pencil beam (PB) algorithms. Prior to this, a phantom study was performed to assess the accuracy of these algorithms. Superposition algorithm was used as a reference algorithm in this study. The treatment plans were compared using different dosimetric parameters including conformity, heterogeneity and dose fall off index. In addition to this, the dose to critical structures like lungs, heart, oesophagus and spinal cord were also studied. Statistical analysis was performed using Prism software. Results: The mean±stdev with conformity index for Superposition, Fast superposition, Clarkson and FFT convolution algorithms were 1.29±0.13, 1.31±0.16, 2.2±0.7 and 2.17±0.59 respectively whereas for AAA, pencil beam and Acurous XB were 1.4±0.27, 1.66±0.27 and 1.35±0.24 respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed significant variations among the seven different algorithms. Superposition and AcurosXB algorithms showed similar values for most of the dosimetric parameters. Clarkson, FFT convolution and pencil beam algorithms showed large differences as compared to superposition algorithms. Based on our study, we recommend Superposition and AcurosXB algorithms as the first choice of algorithms in lung cancer radiotherapy involving small fields. However, further investigation by Monte Carlo simulation is required to confirm our results.« less

Multiple-vehicle collision induced by a sudden stop in traffic flow

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugiyama, Naoki; Nagatani, Takashi

2012-04-01

We study the dynamic process of the multiple-vehicle collision when a vehicle stops suddenly in a traffic flow. We apply the optimal-velocity model to the vehicular motion. If a vehicle does not decelerate successfully, it crashes into the vehicle ahead with a residual speed. The collision criterion is presented by vi(t)/Δxi(t)→∞ if Δxi(t)→0 where vi(t) and Δxi(t) are the speed and headway of vehicle i at time t. The number of crumpled vehicles depends on the initial velocity, the sensitivity, and the initial headway. We derive the region map (or phase diagram) for the multiple-vehicle collision.

Teleportation with a mixed state of four qubits and the generalized singlet fraction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Yeo, Ye

2006-11-15

Recently, an explicit protocol E{sub 0} for faithfully teleporting arbitrary two-qubit states using genuine four-qubit entangled states was presented by us [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 060502 (2006)]. Here, we show that E{sub 0} with an arbitrary four-qubit mixed-state resource {xi} is equivalent to a generalized depolarizing bichannel with probabilities given by the maximally entangled components of the resource. These are defined in terms of our four-qubit entangled states. We define the generalized singlet fraction G[{xi}] and illustrate its physical significance with several examples. We argue that in order to teleport arbitrary two-qubit states with average fidelity better than is classicallymore » possible, we have to demand that G[{xi}]>1/2. In addition, we conjecture that when G[{xi}]<1/4, then no entanglement could be teleported. It is shown that to determine the usefulness of {xi} for E{sub 0}, it is necessary to analyze G[{xi}].« less

Ecosystem Services Insights into Water Resources Management in China: A Case of Xi'an City.

PubMed

Liu, Jingya; Li, Jing; Gao, Ziyi; Yang, Min; Qin, Keyu; Yang, Xiaonan

2016-11-24

Global climate and environmental changes are endangering global water resources; and several approaches have been tested to manage and reduce the pressure on these decreasing resources. This study uses the case study of Xi'an City in China to test reasonable and effective methods to address water resource shortages. The study generated a framework combining ecosystem services and water resource management. Seven ecosystem indicators were classified as supply services, regulating services, or cultural services. Index values for each indicator were calculated, and based on questionnaire results, each index's weight was calculated. Using the Likert method, we calculated ecosystem service supplies in every region of the city. We found that the ecosystem's service capability is closely related to water resources, providing a method for managing water resources. Using Xi'an City as an example, we apply the ecosystem services concept to water resources management, providing a method for decision makers.

Baryon interactions in lattice QCD: the direct method vs. the HAL QCD potential method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Iritani, T.; HAL QCD Collaboration

We make a detailed comparison between the direct method and the HAL QCD potential method for the baryon-baryon interactions, taking the $\\Xi\\Xi$ system at $m_\\pi= 0.51$ GeV in 2+1 flavor QCD and using both smeared and wall quark sources. The energy shift $\\Delta E_\\mathrm{eff}(t)$ in the direct method shows the strong dependence on the choice of quark source operators, which means that the results with either (or both) source are false. The time-dependent HAL QCD method, on the other hand, gives the quark source independent $\\Xi\\Xi$ potential, thanks to the derivative expansion of the potential, which absorbs the source dependence to the next leading order correction. The HAL QCD potential predicts the absence of the bound state in the $\\Xi\\Xi$($^1$S$_0$) channel at $m_\\pi= 0.51$ GeV, which is also confirmed by the volume dependence of finite volume energy from the potential. We also demonstrate that the origin of the fake plateau in the effective energy shift $\\Delta E_\\mathrm{eff}(t)$ at $t \\sim 1$ fm can be clarified by a few low-lying eigenfunctions and eigenvalues on the finite volume derived from the HAL QCD potential, which implies that the ground state saturation of $\\Xi\\Xi$($^1$S$_0$) requires $t \\sim 10$ fm in the direct method for the smeared source on $(4.3 \\ \\mathrm{fm})^3$ lattice, while the HAL QCD method does not suffer from such a problem.

The washout effects of rainfall on atmospheric particulate pollution in two Chinese cities.

PubMed

Guo, Ling-Chuan; Zhang, Yonghui; Lin, Hualiang; Zeng, Weilin; Liu, Tao; Xiao, Jianpeng; Rutherford, Shannon; You, Jing; Ma, Wenjun

2016-08-01

Though rainfall is recognized as one of the main mechanisms to reduce atmospheric particulate pollution, few studies have quantified this effect, particularly the corresponding lag effect and threshold. This study aimed to investigate the association between rainfall and air quality using a distributed lag non-linear model. Daily data on ambient PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm and from 2.5 to 10 μm) and meteorological factors were collected in Guangzhou and Xi'an from 2013 to 2014. A better washout effect was found for PM2.5-10 than for PM2.5, and the rainfall thresholds for both particle fractions were 7 mm in Guangzhou and 1 mm in Xi'an. The decrease in PM2.5 levels following rain lasted for 3 and 6 days in Guangzhou and Xi'an, respectively. Rainfall had a better washout effect in Xi'an compared with that in Guangzhou. Findings from this study contribute to a better understanding of the washout effects of rainfall on particulate pollution, which may help to understand the category and sustainability of dust-haze and enforce anthropogenic control measures in time. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Structural aspects of the inactive X chromosome.

PubMed

Bonora, Giancarlo; Disteche, Christine M

2017-11-05

A striking difference between male and female nuclei was recognized early on by the presence of a condensed chromatin body only in female cells. Mary Lyon proposed that X inactivation or silencing of one X chromosome at random in females caused this structural difference. Subsequent studies have shown that the inactive X chromosome (Xi) does indeed have a very distinctive structure compared to its active counterpart and all autosomes in female mammals. In this review, we will recap the discovery of this fascinating biological phenomenon and seminal studies in the field. We will summarize imaging studies using traditional microscopy and super-resolution technology, which revealed uneven compaction of the Xi. We will then discuss recent findings based on high-throughput sequencing techniques, which uncovered the distinct three-dimensional bipartite configuration of the Xi and the role of specific long non-coding RNAs in eliciting and maintaining this structure. The relative position of specific genomic elements, including genes that escape X inactivation, repeat elements and chromatin features, will be reviewed. Finally, we will discuss the position of the Xi, either near the nuclear periphery or the nucleolus, and the elements implicated in this positioning.This article is part of the themed issue 'X-chromosome inactivation: a tribute to Mary Lyon'. © 2017 The Authors.

10 CFR 50.55a - Codes and standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... commitments must be applied to Section XI activities. (xi) [Reserved] (xii) Underwater welding. The provisions in IWA-4660, “Underwater Welding,” of Section XI, 1997 Addenda through the latest edition and addenda... performed by welding or brazing on a pressure retaining boundary using the 2003 Addenda through the latest...

10 CFR 50.55a - Codes and standards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... commitments must be applied to Section XI activities. (xi) [Reserved] (xii) Underwater welding. The provisions in IWA-4660, “Underwater Welding,” of Section XI, 1997 Addenda through the latest edition and addenda... performed by welding or brazing on a pressure retaining boundary using the 2003 Addenda through the latest...

Test Fairness and Toulmin's Argument Structure

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kunnan, Antony John

2010-01-01

This paper presents the author's response to Xiaoming Xi's article titled "How do we go about investigating test fairness?" In this response, the author focuses on test fairness and Toulmin's model of argument structure, Xi's proposal, and the challenges the proposal brings. Xi proposes an approach to investigating test fairness to guide…

Robust Kernel-Based Object Tracking with Multiple Kernel Centers

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-07-09

orientation and scale estimation, which will be added in Section 4. 1017 where gji ,l represents g(‖ rl(y j)−xi h0 ‖2) for short. Note that y j cancels out...ρ(zj)]g j i,l hj ∑N i=1 ∑L l=1 w j i,lg j i,l (47) where, vji,l = (xi − yj)T ∂∆rl(φ j) ∂φ (48) sji,l = (xi − yj)T (xi − rl(zj)) (49) and gji ,l

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Carvalho De Gouvea, Andre Luiz

ln this thesis the polarization of themore » $$\\Xi^-$$ hyperon and the $$\\Xi^+$$ antihyperon produced in the Fermilab Experiment E791 was determined by the analysis of the weak decay $$\\Xi^- \\to \\Lambda^0 + \\pi^-$$. For $$\\Xi^-$$ produced in the interaction between a 500 GeV/c $$\\pi^-$$ beam and a unpolarized carbon (platinum) target in the region $$p_t$$ > 0.8 GeV/c and $$X_F$$ > 0, -10.9% ± 1.5% (-14.7% ± 3.1%) polarization was obtained perpendicular to the production plane and -5.92% ± 1.69% (-2.41%±3.53% $$\\approx O$$) polarization was measured for $$\\Xi^+$$. Evidence was also found for a polarized $$\\Omega^-$$ hyperon produced in the same experiment in the region $$X_F$$ >0, after analysis of the weak decay $$\\Omega^- \\to \\Lambda^0 + K^-$$.« less

xiSPEC: web-based visualization, analysis and sharing of proteomics data.

PubMed

Kolbowski, Lars; Combe, Colin; Rappsilber, Juri

2018-05-08

We present xiSPEC, a standard compliant, next-generation web-based spectrum viewer for visualizing, analyzing and sharing mass spectrometry data. Peptide-spectrum matches from standard proteomics and cross-linking experiments are supported. xiSPEC is to date the only browser-based tool supporting the standardized file formats mzML and mzIdentML defined by the proteomics standards initiative. Users can either upload data directly or select files from the PRIDE data repository as input. xiSPEC allows users to save and share their datasets publicly or password protected for providing access to collaborators or readers and reviewers of manuscripts. The identification table features advanced interaction controls and spectra are presented in three interconnected views: (i) annotated mass spectrum, (ii) peptide sequence fragmentation key and (iii) quality control error plots of matched fragments. Highlighting or selecting data points in any view is represented in all other views. Views are interactive scalable vector graphic elements, which can be exported, e.g. for use in publication. xiSPEC allows for re-annotation of spectra for easy hypothesis testing by modifying input data. xiSPEC is freely accessible at http://spectrumviewer.org and the source code is openly available on https://github.com/Rappsilber-Laboratory/xiSPEC.

The in vivo Therapeutic Effect of Free Wanderer Powder (逍 遙 散 xiāo yáo sǎn, Xiaoyaosan) on Mice with 4T1 Cell Induced Breast Cancer Model

PubMed Central

Chen, Wen-Fang; Xu, Li; Yu, Chung-Him; Ho, Chui-Kwan; Wu, Ka; Leung, Gina CW; Wong, Man-Sau

2012-01-01

In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of a classical TCM formula, Free Wanderer Powder (逍遙散 xiāo yáo sǎn), in a breast cancer mouse model induced with estrogen-insensitive breast cancer 4T1 cells. Ovariectomized Balb/c mice (6-8 weeks) or sham mice were injected into the fourth mammary fat pad with 4T1 cells in which tumors were palpable 7 days after injection. On the eighth day, the mice were divided into 4 groups and tubefed daily with vehicle, Free Wanderer Powder (逍遙散 xiāo yáo sǎn) formula or tamoxifen for 28 days. Tumor growth inhibition and the decrease of the average tumor mass were most evident in mice treated with Free Wanderer Powder (逍遙散 xiāo yáo sǎn). Free Wanderer Powder (逍遙散 xiāo yáo sǎn) treatment significantly reduced Bcl-2 and elevated Bax and p53 protein expressions in breast cancer tumor. These results were further confirmed by immunohistochemisty. Tamoxifen could decrease spleen mass and Bcl-2 protein expression, increase the Bax protein expression as well as exert uterotrophic effects by increasing uterus index and inducing the gene expressions in the uterus. Taken together, these results show that Free Wanderer Powder (逍遙散 xiāo yáo sǎn) treatment induced apoptosis at protein level and inhibited the tumor growth in 4T1-induced ovariectomized Balb/c female mice, indicating the possibility of its future use for treatment of estrogen-insensitive breast caner. PMID:24716117

RESOLVING THE {xi} BOO BINARY WITH CHANDRA, AND REVEALING THE SPECTRAL TYPE DEPENDENCE OF THE CORONAL 'FIP EFFECT'

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wood, Brian E.; Linsky, Jeffrey L., E-mail: brian.wood@nrl.navy.mi, E-mail: jlinsky@jila.colorado.ed

On 2008 May 2, Chandra observed the X-ray spectrum of {xi} Boo (G8 V+K4 V), resolving the binary for the first time in X-rays and allowing the coronae of the two stars to be studied separately. With the contributions of {xi} Boo A and B to the system's total X-ray emission now observationally established (88.5% and 11.5%, respectively), consideration of mass loss measurements for GK dwarfs of various activity levels (including one for {xi} Boo) leads to the surprising conclusion that {xi} Boo B may dominate the wind from the binary, with {xi} Boo A's wind being very weak despitemore » its active corona. Emission measure (EM) distributions and coronal abundances are computed for both stars and compared with Chandra measurements of other moderately active stars with G8-K5 spectral types, all of which exhibit a narrow peak in EM near log T = 6.6, indicating that the coronal heating process in these stars has a strong preference for this temperature. As is the case for the Sun and many other stars, our sample of stars shows coronal abundance anomalies dependent on the first ionization potential (FIP) of the element. We see no dependence of the degree of 'FIP effect' on activity, but there is a dependence on spectral type, a correlation that becomes more convincing when moderately active main-sequence stars with a broader range of spectral types are considered. This clear dependence of coronal abundances on spectral type weakens if the stellar sample is allowed to be contaminated by evolved stars, interacting binaries, or extremely active stars with log L{sub X} >29, explaining why this correlation has not been recognized in the past.« less

42 CFR 476.86 - Correlation of Title XI functions with Title XVIII functions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 42 Public Health 4 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Correlation of Title XI functions with Title XVIII functions. 476.86 Section 476.86 Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF...) Qio Review Functions § 476.86 Correlation of Title XI functions with Title XVIII functions. (a...

Modular pathway engineering of Corynebacterium glutamicum to improve xylose utilization and succinate production.

PubMed

Jo, Suah; Yoon, Jinkyung; Lee, Sun-Mi; Um, Youngsoon; Han, Sung Ok; Woo, Han Min

2017-09-20

Xylose-negative Corynebacterium glutamicum has been engineered to utilize xylose as the sole carbon source via either the xylose isomerase (XI) pathway or the Weimberg pathway. Heterologous expression of xylose isomerase and overexpression of a gene encoding for xylulose kinase enabled efficient xylose utilization. In this study, we show that two functionally-redundant transcriptional regulators (GntR1 and GntR2) present on xylose repress the pentose phosphate pathway genes. For efficient xylose utilization, pentose phosphate pathway genes and a phosphoketolase gene were overexpressed with the XI pathway in C. glutamicum. Overexpression of the genes encoding for transaldolase (Tal), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (Gnd), or phosphoketolase (XpkA) enhanced the growth and xylose consumption rates compared to the wild-type with the XI pathway alone. However, co-expression of these genes did not have a synergetic effect on xylose utilization. For the succinate production from xylose, overexpression of the tal gene with the XI pathway in a succinate-producing strain improved xylose utilization and increased the specific succinate production rate by 2.5-fold compared to wild-type with the XI pathway alone. Thus, overexpression of the tal, gnd, or xpkA gene could be helpful for engineering C. glutamicum toward production of value-added chemicals with efficient xylose utilization. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Distribution and source analysis of aluminum in rivers near Xi'an City, China.

PubMed

Wang, Dongqi; He, Yanling; Liang, Jidong; Liu, Pei; Zhuang, Pengyu

2013-02-01

To study the status and source of aluminum (Al) contamination, a total of 21 sampling sites along six rivers near Xi'an City (Shaanxi province, China) were investigated during 2008-2010. The results indicated that the average concentration of total Al (Al(t)) in the six rivers increased by 1.6 times from 2008 to 2010. The spatial distribution of Al(t) concentrations in the rivers near Xi'an City was significantly different, ranged from 367 μg/L (Bahe River) to 1,978 μg/L (Taiping River). The Al(t) concentration was highest near an industrial area for pulp and paper-making (2,773 μg/L), where the Al level greatly exceeded the water quality criteria of both the USA (Criterion Continuous Concentration, 87 μg/L) and Canada (100 μg/L). The average concentration of inorganic monometric aluminum (Al(im)) was 72 μg/L which would pose threats to fishes and other aquatic lives in the rivers. The concentrations of exchangeable Al (Al(ex)) in the sediment of the Taiping River sampled were relatively high, making it to be an alternative explanation of increasing Al concentrations in the rivers near Xi'an City. Furthermore, an increasing Al level has been detected in the upstream watershed near Xi'an City in recent years, which might indicate another notable pollution source of Al.

Finite field equation of Yang--Mills theory

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brandt, R.A.; Wing-Chiu, N.; Yeung, W.

1980-03-01

We consider the finite local field equation -)(1+1/..cap alpha.. (1+f/sub 4/))g/sup munu/D'Alembertian-partial/sup ..mu../partial/sup ..nu../)A/sup nua/ =-(1+f/sub 3/) g/sup 2/N(A/sup c/..nu..A/sup a/..mu..A/sub ..nu..//sup c/) +xxx+(1-s)/sup 2/M/sup 2/A/sup a/..mu.., introduced by Lowenstein to rigorously describe SU(2) Yang--Mills theory, which is written in terms of normal products. We also consider the operator product expansion A/sup c/..nu..(x+xi) A/sup a/..mu..(x) A/sup b/lambda(x-xi) approx...sigma..M/sup c/ab..nu mu..lambda/sub c/'a'b'..nu..'..mu..'lambda' (xi) N(A/sup nuprimec/'A/sup muprimea/'A/sup lambdaprimeb/')(x), and using asymptotic freedom, we compute the leading behavior of the Wilson coefficients M/sup ...//sub .../(xi) with the help of a computer, and express the normal products in the field equation in terms ofmore » products of the c-number Wilson coefficients and of operator products like A/sup c/..nu..(x+xi) A/sup a/..mu..(x) A/sup b/lambda(x-xi) at separated points. Our result is -)(1+(1/..cap alpha..)(1+f/sub 4/))g/sup munu/D'Alembertian-partial/sup ..mu../partial/sup ..nu../)A/sup nua/ =-(1+f/sub 3/) g/sup 2/lim/sub xiarrow-right0/) (lnxi)/sup -0.28/2b/(A/sup c/..nu.. (x+xi) A/sup a/..mu..(x) A/sub ..nu..//sup c/(x-xi) +epsilon/sup a/bcA/sup muc/(x+xi) partial/sup ..nu../A/sup b//sub ..nu../(x)+xxx) +xxx)+(1-s)/sup 2/M/sup 2/A/sup a/..mu.., where ..beta.. (g) =-bg/sup 3/, and so (lnxi)/sup -0.28/2b/ is the leading behavior of the c-number coefficient multiplying the operator products in the field equation.« less

Bearing-only Cooperative Localization: Simulation and Experimental Results

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-01-01

matrix Fi and Bi are the system jacobian with respect to state Xi and control ui, which are given below Fi = I3 + Ts ∂fi ∂Xi |Xi=Xi(k) =  1 0 − ViTs ...sinψ(k)0 1 ViTs cosψ(k) 0 0 1  , (8) Bi = Ts ∂fi ∂ui |ui=ui(k) Ts cosψk 0Ts sinψk 0 0 Ts  , (9) and Qi(k) = ( σ2vi 0 0 σ2ωi ) , where σvi and σωi

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Buckley, L; Lambert, C; Nyiri, B

Purpose: To standardize the tube calibration for Elekta XVI cone beam CT (CBCT) systems in order to provide a meaningful estimate of the daily imaging dose and reduce the variation between units in a large centre with multiple treatment units. Methods: Initial measurements of the output from the CBCT systems were made using a Farmer chamber and standard CTDI phantom. The correlation between the measured CTDI and the tube current was confirmed using an Unfors Xi detector which was then used to perform a tube current calibration on each unit. Results: Initial measurements showed measured tube current variations of upmore » to 25% between units for scans with the same image settings. In order to reasonably estimate the imaging dose, a systematic approach to x-ray generator calibration was adopted to ensure that the imaging dose was consistent across all units at the centre and was adopted as part of the routine quality assurance program. Subsequent measurements show that the variation in measured dose across nine units is on the order of 5%. Conclusion: Increasingly, patients receiving radiation therapy have extended life expectancies and therefore the cumulative dose from daily imaging should not be ignored. In theory, an estimate of imaging dose can be made from the imaging parameters. However, measurements have shown that there are large differences in the x-ray generator calibration as installed at the clinic. Current protocols recommend routine checks of dose to ensure constancy. The present study suggests that in addition to constancy checks on a single machine, a tube current calibration should be performed on every unit to ensure agreement across multiple machines. This is crucial at a large centre with multiple units in order to provide physicians with a meaningful estimate of the daily imaging dose.« less

Breckinridge Project, initial effort. Report XI, Volume V. Critical review of the design basis. [Critical review

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

None

1982-01-01

Report XI, Technical Audit, is a compendium of research material used during the Initial Effort in making engineering comparisons and decisions. Volumes 4 and 5 of Report XI present those studies which provide a Critical Review of the Design Basis. The Critical Review Report, prepared by Intercontinental Econergy Associates, Inc., summarizes findings from an extensive review of the data base for the H-Coal process design. Volume 4 presents this review and assessment, and includes supporting material; specifically, Design Data Tabulation (Appendix A), Process Flow Sheets (Appendix B), and References (Appendix C). Volume 5 is a continuation of the references ofmore » Appendix C. Studies of a proprietary nature are noted and referenced, but are not included in these volumes. They are included in the Limited Access versions of these reports and may be reviewed by properly cleared personnel in the offices of Ashland Synthetic Fuels, Inc.« less

40 CFR Appendix Xi to Part 86 - Sampling Plans for Selective Enforcement Auditing of Light-Duty Vehicles

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 19 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Sampling Plans for Selective Enforcement Auditing of Light-Duty Vehicles XI Appendix XI to Part 86 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL... Enforcement Auditing of Light-Duty Vehicles 40% AQL Table 1—Sampling Plan Code Letter Annual sales of...

Does transition from the da Vinci Si to Xi robotic platform impact single-docking technique for robot-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy?

PubMed

Patel, Manish N; Aboumohamed, Ahmed; Hemal, Ashok

2015-12-01

To describe our robot-assisted nephroureterectomy (RNU) technique for benign indications and RNU with en bloc excision of bladder cuff (BCE) and lymphadenectomy (LND) for malignant indications using the da Vinci Si and da Vinci Xi robotic platform, with its pros and cons. The port placement described for Si can be used for standard and S robotic systems. This is the first report in the literature on the use of the da Vinci Xi robotic platform for RNU. After a substantial experience of RNU using different da Vinci robots from the standard to the Si platform in a single-docking fashion for benign and malignant conditions, we started using the newly released da Vinci Xi robot since 2014. The most important differences are in port placement and effective use of the features of da Vinci Xi robot while performing simultaneous upper and lower tract surgery. Patient positioning, port placement, step-by-step technique of single docking RNU-LND-BCE using the da Vinci Si and da Vinci Xi robot are shown in an accompanying video with the goal that centres using either robotic system benefit from the hints and tips. The first segment of video describes RNU-LND-BCE using the da Vinci Si followed by the da Vinci Xi to highlight differences. There was no need for patient repositioning or robot re-docking with the new da Vinci Xi robotic platform. We have experience of using different robotic systems for single docking RNU in 70 cases for benign (15) and malignant (55) conditions. The da Vinci Xi robotic platform helps operating room personnel in its easy movement, allows easier patient side-docking with the help of its boom feature, in addition to easy and swift movements of the robotic arms. The patient clearance feature can be used to avoid collision with the robotic arms or the patient's body. In patients with challenging body habitus and in situations where bladder cuff management is difficult, modifications can be made through reassigning the camera to a different port with utilisation of the retargeting feature of the da Vinci Xi when working on the bladder cuff or in the pelvis. The vision of the camera used for da Vinci Xi was initially felt to be inferior to that of the da Vinci Si; however, with a subsequent software upgrade this was much improved. The base of the da Vinci Xi is bigger, which does not slide and occasionally requires a change in table placement/operating room setup, and requires side-docking especially when dealing with very tall and obese patients for pelvic surgery. RNU alone or with LND-BCE is a challenging surgical procedure that addresses the upper and lower urinary tract simultaneously. Single docking and single robotic port placement for RNU-LND-BCE has evolved with the development of different generations of the robotic system. These procedures can be performed safely and effectively using the da Vinci S, Si or Xi robotic platform. The new da Vinci Xi robotic platform is more user-friendly, has easy installation, and is intuitive for surgeons using its features. © 2015 The Authors BJU International © 2015 BJU International Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Supersymmetric Q-balls: A numerical study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Campanelli, L.; INFN--Sezione di Ferrara, I-44100 Ferrara; Ruggieri, M.

2008-02-15

We study numerically a class of nontopological solitons, the Q-balls, arising in a supersymmetric extension of the standard model with low-energy, gauge-mediated symmetry breaking. Taking into account the exact form of the supersymmetric potential giving rise to Q-balls, we find that there is a lower limit on the value of the charge Q in order to make them classically stable: Q > or approx. 5x10{sup 2}Q{sub cr}, where Q{sub cr} is constant depending on the parameters defining the potential and can be in the range 1 < or approx. Q{sub cr} < or approx. 10{sup 8} {sup divide} {sup 16}.more » If Q is the baryon number, stability with respect to the decay into protons requires Q > or approx. 10{sup 17}Q{sub cr}, while if the gravitino mass is greater then m{sub 3/2} > or approx. 61 MeV, no stable gauge-mediation supersymmetric Q-balls exist. Finally, we find that energy and radius of Q-balls can be parametrized as E{approx}{xi}{sub E}Q{sup 3/4} and R{approx}{xi}{sub R}Q{sup 1/4}, where {xi}{sub E} and {xi}{sub R} are slowly varying functions of the charge.« less

Stochastic modelling of a single ion channel: an alternating renewal approach with application to limited time resolution.

PubMed

Milne, R K; Yeo, G F; Edeson, R O; Madsen, B W

1988-04-22

Stochastic models of ion channels have been based largely on Markov theory where individual states and transition rates must be specified, and sojourn-time densities for each state are constrained to be exponential. This study presents an approach based on random-sum methods and alternating-renewal theory, allowing individual states to be grouped into classes provided the successive sojourn times in a given class are independent and identically distributed. Under these conditions Markov models form a special case. The utility of the approach is illustrated by considering the effects of limited time resolution (modelled by using a discrete detection limit, xi) on the properties of observable events, with emphasis on the observed open-time (xi-open-time). The cumulants and Laplace transform for a xi-open-time are derived for a range of Markov and non-Markov models; several useful approximations to the xi-open-time density function are presented. Numerical studies show that the effects of limited time resolution can be extreme, and also highlight the relative importance of the various model parameters. The theory could form a basis for future inferential studies in which parameter estimation takes account of limited time resolution in single channel records. Appendixes include relevant results concerning random sums and a discussion of the role of exponential distributions in Markov models.

Detection of a compact companion of the mild barium star Xi-1 Ceti

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bohm-Vitense, E.; Johnson, H. R.

1985-01-01

In the present paper, the observation of a white dwarf companion of the mild Ba star Xi-1 Ceti (= 65 Ceti = HR 649 = HD 13611) is reported, taking into account also the properties of the mild Ba star and of its companion. The UV spectrum of Xi-1 Ceti is discussed along with an interpretation of this spectrum. Attention is given to the effective temperature of the companion, the absorption bands in the spectrum, the radius and mass of the Xi-1 Ceti companion, and questions regarding the obscuration of the companion by the atmosphere of the Ba star. It is found that the overall energy distribution of the Xi-1 Ceti companion can best be matched with a 14,000 K DA white dwarf of log g = 8 or less. However, the absolute intensity is too small and would require a radius too small and a mass too large for such a gravity.

Transformation of measures in infinite-dimensional spaces by the flow induced by a stochastic differential equation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pilipenko, A Yu

2003-04-30

Let {mu} be a Gaussian measure in the space X and H the Cameron-Martin space of the measure {mu}. Consider the stochastic differential equation d{xi}(u,t)=a{sub t}({xi}(u,t))dt+{sigma}{sub n}{sigma}{sub t}{sup n}({xi}(u,t))d{omega}{sub n}(t), t element of [0,T]; {xi}(u,0)=u,; where u element of X, a and {sigma}{sub n} are functions taking values in H, {omega}{sub n}(t), n{>=}1 are independent one-dimensional Wiener processes. Consider the easure-valued random process {mu}{sub t}:={mu}o{xi}( {center_dot} ,t){sup -1}. It is shown that under certain natural conditions on the coefficients of the initial equation the measures {mu}{sub t}({omega}) are equivalent to {mu} for almost all {omega}. Explicit expressions for their Radon-Nikodymmore » densities are obtained.« less

Study on the adult physique with the Heath-Carter anthropometric somatotype in the Han of Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Yang, Li-Tao; Wang, Ning; Li, Zeng-Xian; Liu, Cui; He, Xin; Zhang, Jian-Fei; Han, Hua; Wen, You-Feng; Qian, Yi-Hua; Xi, Huan-Jiu

2016-03-01

The study of somatotypes has important significance for medical and physical anthropology as well as sports science. The aim of this study was to understand the somatotype components of the Han population in Xi'an and compare the somatotypes of the Han and five other nationalities in China. The study sample consisted of 429 people of Han nationality (207 males, 222 females) from Xi'an, China, aged ≥20 years old. The Heath-Carter anthropometric method was employed. We evaluated the differences in age and sex by one-way ANOVA and t test. A comparison of somatotypes between the Han and other nationalities was made using the U test. The results showed that the male and female samples all could be classified as having a mesomorphic endomorph profile. The difference in endomorphy was strongest between sexes in all age groups (P < 0.01). There were prominent differences in mesomorphy and ectomorphy between males and females in the 50-59- and ≥60-year-old age groups. In females, the differences in somatotype components appeared to be distinguished between ages (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). However, in males, there were prominent differences in somatotype components between the 20-29 year olds and all other age groups (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) except for between those 20-29 and ≥60 years old in endomorphy. Compared with the other five nationalities, there were prominent differences in somatotype components between males and females. These results suggest that the somatotype of the Han population in Xi'an, China, has a predominantly mesomorphic endomorph profile. The endomorphic component shows distinct differences between ages and genders, respectively. Additionally, there are distinct differences in the somatotype components between Xi'an Han and five other nationalities in China in males and females.

Transoral robotic thyroidectomy: a preclinical feasibility study using the da Vinci Xi platform.

PubMed

Russell, Jonathon O; Noureldine, Salem I; Al Khadem, Mai G; Chaudhary, Hamad A; Day, Andrew T; Kim, Hoon Yub; Tufano, Ralph P; Richmon, Jeremy D

2017-09-01

Transoral thyroid surgery allows the surgeon to conceal incisions within the oral cavity without significantly increasing the amount of required dissection. TORT provides an ideal scarless, midline access to the thyroid gland and bilateral central neck compartments. This approach, however, presents multiple technical challenges. Herein, we present our experience using the latest generation robotic surgical system to accomplish transoral robotic thyroidectomy (TORT). In two human cadavers, the da Vinci Xi surgical system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) was used to complete TORT. Total thyroidectomy and bilateral central neck dissection was successfully completed in both cadavers. The da Vinci Xi platform offered several technologic advantages over previous robotic generations including overhead docking, narrower arms, and improved range of motion allowing for improved execution of previously described TORT techniques.

2 CFR 376.147 - Does an exclusion from participation in Federal health care programs under Title XI of the Social...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Federal health care programs under Title XI of the Social Security Act affect a person's eligibility to..., Medicaid, and other Federal health care programs under Title XI of the Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. 1320a... Federal Agency Regulations for Grants and Agreements DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES...

40 CFR Appendix Xi to Part 268 - Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From Dilution in a Combustion Unit According to 40 CFR 268.3(c)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) LAND DISPOSAL RESTRICTIONS Pt. 268, App. XI Appendix XI to Part 268—Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From Dilution in a Combustion... 40 Protection of Environment 28 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From...

40 CFR Appendix Xi to Part 268 - Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From Dilution in a Combustion Unit According to 40 CFR 268.3(c)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) SOLID WASTES (CONTINUED) LAND DISPOSAL RESTRICTIONS Pt. 268, App. XI Appendix XI to Part 268—Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From Dilution in a Combustion... 40 Protection of Environment 27 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Metal Bearing Wastes Prohibited From...

Robot-assisted total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: case-matched comparison of short-term surgical and functional outcomes between the da Vinci Xi and Si.

PubMed

Morelli, Luca; Di Franco, Gregorio; Guadagni, Simone; Rossi, Leonardo; Palmeri, Matteo; Furbetta, Niccolò; Gianardi, Desirée; Bianchini, Matteo; Caprili, Giovanni; D'Isidoro, Cristiano; Mosca, Franco; Moglia, Andrea; Cuschieri, Alfred

2018-02-01

Robotic rectal resection with da Vinci Si has some technical limitations, which could be overcome by the new da Vinci Xi. We compare short-term surgical and functional outcomes following robotic rectal resection with total mesorectal excision for cancer, with the da Vinci Xi (Xi-RobTME group) and the da Vinci Si (Si-RobTME group). The first consecutive 30 Xi-RobTME were compared with a Si-RobTME control group of 30 patients, selected using a one-to-one case-matched methodology from our prospectively collected Institutional database, comprising all cases performed between April 2010 and September 2016 by a single surgeon. Perioperative outcomes were compared. The impact of minimally invasive TME on autonomic function and quality of life was analyzed with specific questionnaires. The docking and overall operative time were shorter in the Xi-RobTME group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively). The mean differences of overall operative time and docking time were -33.8 min (95% CI -5.1 to -64.5) and -6 min (95% CI -4.1 to -7.9), respectively. A fully-robotic approach with complete splenic flexure mobilization was used in 30/30 (100%) of the Xi-RobTME cases and in 7/30 (23%) of the Si-RobTME group (p < 0.001). The hybrid approach in males and patients with BMI > 25 kg/m 2 was necessary in ten patients (45 vs. 0%, p < 0.001) and in six patients (37 vs. 0%, p < 0.05), in the Si-RobTME and Xi-RobTME groups, respectively. There were no differences in conversion rate, mean hospital stay, pathological data, and in functional outcomes between the two groups before and at 1 year after surgery. The technical advantages offered by the da Vinci Xi seem to be mainly associated with a shorter docking and operative time and with superior ability to perform a fully-robotic approach. Clinical and functional outcomes seem not to be improved, with the introduction of the new Xi platform.

[Estimation on value of water and soil conservation of agricultural ecosystems in Xi' an metropolitan, Northwest China].

PubMed

Yang, Wen-yan; Zhou, Zhong-xue

2014-12-01

With the urban eco-environment increasingly deteriorating, the ecosystem services provided by modern urban agriculture are exceedingly significant to maintain and build more suitable environment in a city. Taking Xi' an metropolitan as the study area, based on remote sensing data, DEM data and the economic and social statistics data, the water and soil conservation service of the agricultural ecosystems was valued employing the remote sensing and geographic information system method, covering the reduction values on land waste, soil fertility loss and sediment loss from 2000 to 2011, and analyzed its changes in time and space. The results showed that during the study period, the total value of water and soil conservation service provided by agricultural systems in Xi' an metropolitan was increased by 46,086 and 33.008 billion yuan respectively from period of 2000 to 2005 and from 2005 to 2011. The cultivated land (including grains, vegetables and other farming land), forest (including orchard) and grassland provided higher value on the water and soil conservation service than waters and other land use. Ecosystem service value of water and soil conserva- tion provided by agriculture was gradually decreasing from the southern to the northern in Xi' an metropolitan. There were significantly positive relationship between the ecosystem service value and the vegetation coverage. Forest, orchard and grassland distributed intensively in the southern which had higher vegetation coverage than in northern where covered by more cultivated land, sparse forest and scattered orchard. There were significantly negative correlation between the urbanization level and the value of water and soil conservation. The higher level of urbanization, the lower value there was from built-up area to suburban and to countryside within Xi' an metropolitan.

Effects of Dao De Xin Xi Exercise on Balance and Quality of Life in Thai Elderly Women

PubMed Central

Intarakamhang, Patrawut; Chintanaprawasee, Pantipa

2012-01-01

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week Dao De Xin Xi exercise, modified short forms of Tai Chi, on balance and quality of life in Thai elderly population. Quasi-Experimental research, pretest-posttest one group design was done at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Phramongkutklao Hospital. Thai healthy elderly women over the age of 60, requiring regular Dao De Xin Xi exercise were recruited from either patients or workers in the hospital. A 60-minute Dao De Xin Xi exercise class was set as 3 times per week for 12 weeks. At baseline and 12 weeks, participants were tested in their static balance (Single-Leg Stance Timed Test with eyes open and close), dynamic balance (Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) Test). Quality of life was measured by the abbreviated Thai version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Fourteen females were studied with mean age of 62.8±4.3 years old. The Single-Leg Stance Timed Test with eyes open and close, Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) Test improved significantly (before versus after exercises p <0.001). Significant improvement in quality of life were also found in each 4 domains, including physical health, psychological, social relationship, and environment (before versus after exercises p =0.001, 0.001, 0.004 and 0.005 respectively). No significant improvement was found only in the right Single-Leg Stance Timed Test with eyes close (p =0.091). A three times per week for 12-week Dao De Xin Xi exercise may help Thai elderly women improve both static, dynamic balance and quality of life. PMID:22980114

Effects of Dao De Xin Xi exercise on balance and quality of life in Thai elderly women.

PubMed

Intarakamhang, Patrawut; Chintanaprawasee, Pantipa

2011-12-29

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week Dao De Xin Xi exercise, modified short forms of Tai Chi, on balance and quality of life in Thai elderly population. Quasi-Experimental research, pretest-posttest one group design was done at Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Phramongkutklao Hospital. Thai healthy elderly women over the age of 60, requiring regular Dao De Xin Xi exercise were recruited from either patients or workers in the hospital. A 60-minute Dao De Xin Xi exercise class was set as 3 times per week for 12 weeks. At baseline and 12 weeks, participants were tested in their static balance (Single-Leg Stance Timed Test with eyes open and close), dynamic balance (Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) Test). Quality of life was measured by the abbreviated Thai version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. Fourteen females were studied with mean age of 62.8±4.3 years old. The Single-Leg Stance Timed Test with eyes open and close, Expanded Timed Up and Go (ETUG) Test improved significantly (before versus after exercises p <0.001). Significant improvement in quality of life were also found in each 4 domains, including physical health, psychological, social relationship, and environment (before versus after exercises p =0.001, 0.001, 0.004 and 0.005 respectively). No significant improvement was found only in the right Single-Leg Stance Timed Test with eyes close (p =0.091). A three times per week for 12-week Dao De Xin Xi exercise may help Thai elderly women improve both static, dynamic balance and quality of life.

Factor XI and Contact Activation as Targets for Antithrombotic Therapy

PubMed Central

Gailani, David; Bane, Charles E.; Gruber, Andras

2015-01-01

Summary The most commonly used anticoagulants produce therapeutic antithrombotic effects either by inhibiting thrombin or factor Xa, or by lowering the plasma levels of the precursors of these key enzymes, prothrombin and factor X. These drugs do not distinguish between thrombin generation contributing to thrombosis from thrombin generation required for hemostasis. Thus, anticoagulants increase bleeding risk, and many patients who would benefit from therapy go untreated because of comorbidities that place them at unacceptable risk for hemorrhage. Studies in animals demonstrate that components of the plasma contact activation system contribute to experimentally-induced thrombosis, despite playing little or no role in hemostasis. Attention has focused on factor XII, the zymogen of a protease (factor XIIa) that initiates contact activation when blood is exposed to foreign surfaces; and factor XI, the zymogen of the protease factor XIa, which links contact activation to the thrombin generation mechanism. In the case of factor XI, epidemiologic data indicate this protein contributes to stroke and venous thromboembolism, and perhaps myocardial infarction, in humans. A phase 2 trial showing that reduction of factor XI may be more effective than low-molecular-weight heparin at preventing venous thrombosis during knee replacement surgery provides proof of concept for the premise that an antithrombotic effect can be uncoupled from an anticoagulant effect in humans by targeting components of contact activation. Here we review data on the role of factor XI and factor XII in thrombosis, and results of pre-clinical and human trials for therapies targeting these proteins. PMID:25976012

Robotic resections in hepatobiliary oncology - initial experience with Xi da Vinci system in India.

PubMed

Chandarana, M; Patkar, S; Tamhankar, A; Garg, S; Bhandare, M; Goel, M

2017-01-01

Minimal invasive surgery has proven its advantages over open surgeries in the perioperative period. Food and Drug Administration approved da Vinci robot in 2000. The latest version, da Vinci Xi system has a mobile tower-based robot with several modifications to improve the functionality, versatility, and operative ease. None of the centers have reported exclusively on hepatobiliary oncology using the da Vinci Xi system. We report our initial experience. To study the feasibility, advantages, and discuss the operative technique of da Vinci Xi system in hepatobiliary oncology. Data were analyzed retrospectively from a prospectively maintained database from June 2015 to October 2016. Twenty-five patients with suspected or proven hepatobiliary malignancies were operated. Total robotic technique using da Vinci Xi system was used. Demographic details and perioperative outcomes were noted. Of the 25 surgeries, 14 patients had a suspected gallbladder malignancy, 11 patients had primary or metastatic liver tumor. Median age was 53 years. The average duration of surgery was 225 min with a median blood loss 150 ml. The median postoperative stay was 4 days. The median nodal yield for radical cholecystectomy was seven. Five patients required conversion. Two of these developed postoperative morbidity. Robotic surgery for hepatobiliary oncology is feasible and can be performed safely in experienced hands. Increasing experience in this field may equal or even prove advantageous over conventional or laparoscopic approach in future. A cautious approach with judicious patient selection is the key to establishing robotic surgery as a standard surgical approach.

Da Vinci Xi Robot-Assisted Penetrating Keratoplasty.

PubMed

Chammas, Jimmy; Sauer, Arnaud; Pizzuto, Joëlle; Pouthier, Fabienne; Gaucher, David; Marescaux, Jacques; Mutter, Didier; Bourcier, Tristan

2017-06-01

This study aims (1) to investigate the feasibility of robot-assisted penetrating keratoplasty (PK) using the new Da Vinci Xi Surgical System and (2) to report what we believe to be the first use of this system in experimental eye surgery. Robot-assisted PK procedures were performed on human corneal transplants using the Da Vinci Xi Surgical System. After an 8-mm corneal trephination, four interrupted sutures and one 10.0 monofilament running suture were made. For each procedure, duration and successful completion of the surgery as well as any unexpected events were assessed. The depth of the corneal sutures was checked postoperatively using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Robot-assisted PK was successfully performed on 12 corneas. The Da Vinci Xi Surgical System provided the necessary dexterity to perform the different steps of surgery. The mean duration of the procedures was 43.4 ± 8.9 minutes (range: 28.5-61.1 minutes). There were no unexpected intraoperative events. SD-OCT confirmed that the sutures were placed at the appropriate depth. We confirm the feasibility of robot-assisted PK with the new Da Vinci Surgical System and report the first use of the Xi model in experimental eye surgery. Operative time of robot-assisted PK surgery is now close to that of conventional manual surgery due to both improvement of the optical system and the presence of microsurgical instruments. Experimentations will allow the advantages of robot-assisted microsurgery to be identified while underlining the improvements and innovations necessary for clinical use.

IMRT for Image-Guided Single Vocal Cord Irradiation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Osman, Sarah O.S., E-mail: s.osman@erasmusmc.nl; Astreinidou, Eleftheria; Boer, Hans C.J. de

2012-02-01

Purpose: We have been developing an image-guided single vocal cord irradiation technique to treat patients with stage T1a glottic carcinoma. In the present study, we compared the dose coverage to the affected vocal cord and the dose delivered to the organs at risk using conventional, intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) coplanar, and IMRT non-coplanar techniques. Methods and Materials: For 10 patients, conventional treatment plans using two laterally opposed wedged 6-MV photon beams were calculated in XiO (Elekta-CMS treatment planning system). An in-house IMRT/beam angle optimization algorithm was used to obtain the coplanar and non-coplanar optimized beam angles. Using these angles, the IMRTmore » plans were generated in Monaco (IMRT treatment planning system, Elekta-CMS) with the implemented Monte Carlo dose calculation algorithm. The organs at risk included the contralateral vocal cord, arytenoids, swallowing muscles, carotid arteries, and spinal cord. The prescription dose was 66 Gy in 33 fractions. Results: For the conventional plans and coplanar and non-coplanar IMRT plans, the population-averaged mean dose {+-} standard deviation to the planning target volume was 67 {+-} 1 Gy. The contralateral vocal cord dose was reduced from 66 {+-} 1 Gy in the conventional plans to 39 {+-} 8 Gy and 36 {+-} 6 Gy in the coplanar and non-coplanar IMRT plans, respectively. IMRT consistently reduced the doses to the other organs at risk. Conclusions: Single vocal cord irradiation with IMRT resulted in good target coverage and provided significant sparing of the critical structures. This has the potential to improve the quality-of-life outcomes after RT and maintain the same local control rates.« less

USING A PHENOMENOLOGICAL MODEL TO TEST THE COINCIDENCE PROBLEM OF DARK ENERGY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chen Yun; Zhu Zonghong; Alcaniz, J. S.

2010-03-01

By assuming a phenomenological form for the ratio of the dark energy and matter densities rho{sub X} {proportional_to} rho{sub m} a {sup x}i, we discuss the cosmic coincidence problem in light of current observational data. Here, xi is a key parameter to denote the severity of the coincidence problem. In this scenario, xi = 3 and xi = 0 correspond to LAMBDACDM and the self-similar solution without the coincidence problem, respectively. Hence, any solution with a scaling parameter 0 < xi < 3 makes the coincidence problem less severe. In addition, the standard cosmology without interaction between dark energy andmore » dark matter is characterized by xi + 3omega{sub X} = 0, where omega{sub X} is the equation of state of the dark energy component, whereas the inequality xi + 3omega{sub X} {ne} 0 represents non-standard cosmology. We place observational constraints on the parameters (OMEGA{sub X,0}, omega{sub X}, xi) of this model, where OMEGA{sub X,0} is the present value of density parameter of dark energy OMEGA{sub X}, by using the Constitution Set (397 supernovae of type Ia data, hereafter SNeIa), the cosmic microwave background shift parameter from the five-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey baryon acoustic peak. Combining the three samples, we get OMEGA{sub X,0} = 0.72 +- 0.02, omega{sub X} = -0.98 +- 0.07, and xi = 3.06 +- 0.35 at 68.3% confidence level. The result shows that the LAMBDACDM model still remains a good fit to the recent observational data, and the coincidence problem indeed exists and is quite severe, in the framework of this simple phenomenological model. We further constrain the model with the transition redshift (deceleration/acceleration). It shows that if the transition from deceleration to acceleration happens at the redshift z > 0.73, within the framework of this model, we can conclude that the interaction between dark energy and dark matter is necessary.« less

The Microquasar Cyg X-1: A Short Review

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Nowak, M. A.; Wilms, J.; Hanke, M.; Pottschmidt, K.; Markoff, S.

2011-01-01

We review the spectral properties of the black hole candidate Cygnus X-I. Specifically, we discuss two recent sets of multi-satellite observations. One comprises a 0.5-500 keY spectrum, obtained with eve!)' flying X-ray satellite at that time, that is among the hardest Cyg X-I spectra observed to date. The second set is comprised of 0.5-40 keV Chandra-HETG plus RXTE-PCA spectra from a radio-quiet, spectrally soft state. We first discuss the "messy astrophysics" often neglected in the study of Cyg X-I, i.e., ionized absorption from the wind of the secondary and the foreground dust scattering halo. We then discuss components common to both state extremes: a low temperature accretion disk, and a relativistically broadened Fe line and reflection. Hard state spectral models indicate that the disk inner edge does not extend beyond > or approx.= 40 GM/sq c , and may even approach as close as approx. = 6GM/sq c. The soft state exhibits a much more prominent disk component; however, its very low normalization plausibly indicates a spinning black hole in the Cyg X-I system. Key words. accretion, accretion disks - black hole physics - X-rays:binaries

Generation and characterization of a human-mouse chimeric antibody against the extracellular domain of claudin-1 for cancer therapy using a mouse model.

PubMed

Hashimoto, Yosuke; Tada, Minoru; Iida, Manami; Nagase, Shotaro; Hata, Tomoyuki; Watari, Akihiro; Okada, Yoshiaki; Doi, Takefumi; Fukasawa, Masayoshi; Yagi, Kiyohito; Kondoh, Masuo

2016-08-12

Claudin-1 (CLDN-1), an integral transmembrane protein, is an attractive target for drug absorption, prevention of infection, and cancer therapy. Previously, we generated mouse anti-CLDN-1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and found that they enhanced epidermal absorption of a drug and prevented hepatitis C virus infection in human hepatocytes. Here, we investigated anti-tumor activity of a human-mouse chimeric IgG1, xi-3A2, from one of the anti-CLDN-1 mAbs, clone 3A2. Xi-3A2 accumulated in the tumor tissues in mice bearing with human CLDN-1-expressing tumor cells. Xi-3A2 activated Fcγ receptor IIIa-expressing reporter cells in the presence of human CLDN-1-expressing cells, suggesting xi-3A2 has a potential to exhibit antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against CLDN-1 expressing tumor cells. We also constructed a mutant xi-3A2 antibody with Gly, Ser, and Ile substituted with Ala, Asp, and Arg at positions 236, 239, and 332 of the Fc domain. This mutant antibody showed greater activation of Fcγ receptor IIIa and in vivo anti-tumor activity in mice bearing human CLDN-1-expressing tumors than xi-3A2 did. These findings indicate that the G236A/S239D/I332E mutant of xi-3A2 might be a promising lead for tumor therapy. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Doubly Strange Hypernuclei Physics with antiprotons at PANDA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Szymanska, K.; Iazzi, F.

2010-04-26

The study of the double hypernuclei will be possible inside the future facility FAIR. A new technique for their production was recently proposed, based on high intensity antiproton beams in connection with a two-target set-up, for the future PANDA experiment at HESR. In particular, the production technique and optimized parameters for the primary target where the hyperon XI{sup -} is produced as well as the expected rates for the stoped XI{sup -} will be discussed.

Donor motivation in Xi'an, China: comparison with Canadian donors.

PubMed

O'Brien, S F; Shao, Z-J; Osmond, L; Yi, Q-L; Li, C-Y; An, Q-X

2013-04-01

In China, paid donation is prohibited by law. There is little literature assessing donor motivation in China, and comparison with western countries such as Canada is important in understanding the application of Western literature. We compared motivational factors in donors from the city of Xi'an, China, with Canadian donors matched for age, sex and donation status. A total of 218 donors in Xi'an completed an interview about motivation as did 218 Canadian donors matched for age, sex and donation status. Frequencies and percentages of responses to questions were tabulated and compared using the Chi-squared test. Donors in Xi'an and Canada felt a personal responsibility to donate blood (81·2% vs. 78·0%, P = 0·2057), but Xi'an donors were more likely to consider blood donation a social responsibility (81·7% vs. 45·2%, P < 0·0001). Xi'an donors more often believed that society views donation as a normal activity (98·6% vs. 48·4%, P < 0·0001) and that the social atmosphere promotes donation (90·3% vs. 53·5%, P < 0·0001) and saw greater health benefit (52·3% vs. 12·5%, P < 0·0001). Most Xi'an donors believed in balance between their life force (Qi) and blood (86·7% vs. 49·8%, P < 0·0001) but did not believe blood lost from donating would affect this (0·5% vs. 3·8%, P = 0·01). While traditional Chinese beliefs may not be seen as a barrier among people in Xi'an who donate blood, blood donation is seen differently than by Canadian donors. There is a need for more research specific to China to tailor recruitment strategies. © 2012 The Author(s). Vox Sanguinis © 2012 International Society of Blood Transfusion.

Origin of the incommensurate phase of quartz: I. Inelastic neutron scattering study of the high temperature β phase of quartz

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dolino, G.; Berge, B.; Vallade, M.; Moussa, F.

1992-07-01

The origin of the incommensurate phase of quartz is attributed to a gradient interaction between the optical soft mode of the α-β transition of quartz and a transverse acoustic mode. To test this model high resolution inelastic neutron scattering studies of the lattice dynamics of quartz have been performed. For the first time, a resolved zone center soft mode has been observed in the β phase of quartz at 1 THz at 1 250 K, confirming the displacive character of this transition. Along [xi 0 0] a strong interaction has been observed between this soft mode and the acoustic branch with u_{xy} shear strain. The softening of the two mixed branches produced by this interaction has been followed by decreasing temperature. Near the transition a dip appears in the lower frequency branch, which goes continuously to 0 near xi=0.035 at the incommensurate phase transition. Due to a large damping, the soft branch is overdamped near the transition leading to a quasielastic peak. Along [ xi xi 0] where the soft mode is coupled with the longitudinal acoustic mode, no dip is observed in the lower frequency mode. These results are in good agreement with the predictions of the gradient interaction model discussed in the following paper. L'existence de la phase incommensurable du quartz est attribuée à une interaction entre le gradient du mode mou optique de la transition α β et un mode acoustique transverse. Pour vérifier ce modèle, des mesures de diffusion inélastique des neutrons, de haute résolution, ont été faites. Un mode mou résolu en centre de zone a, pour la première fois, été observé vers 1 THz à 1 250 K, dans la phase β du quartz, confirmant le caractère displacif de cette transition. Le long de [ xi 0 0] , une forte interaction est observée entre ce mode mou et la branche acoustique ayant une déformation de cisaillement u_{xy}. L'amollissement des deux branches mixtes, résultant de cette interaction, a été suivi en fonction de la température. Près de la transition, un minimum apparaît sur la branche basse fréquence, qui décroît continuement jusqu'à 0 pour xi=0,035 à la transition incommensurable. En raison d'un amortissement important, la branche molle est suramortie près de la transition, ce qui produit un pic quasiélastique. Le long de [xi xi 0], où le mode mou est couplé avec le mode acoustique longitudinal, aucun minimum n'est observé. Ces résultats sont en bon accord avec les prédictions du modèle de couplage avec un gradient, dèveloppé dans l'article suivant.

Global Geodetic Signatures of the Antarctic Ice Sheet

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

James, Thomas S.; Ivins, Erik R.

1997-01-01

Four scenarios of present day Antarctic ice sheet mass change are developed from comprehensive reviews of the available glaciological and oceanographic evidence. The gridded scenarios predict widely varying contributions to secular sea level change xi ranging from -1.1 to 0.45 mm/yr, and predict polar motion m and time-varying low-degree gravitational coefficients J(sub l) that differ significantly from earlier estimates. A reasonably linear relationship between the rate of sea level change from Antarctica xi(sub A) and the predicted Antarctic J(sub l) is found for the four scenarios. This linearity permits a series of forward models to be constructed that incorporate the effects of ice mass changes in Antarctica, Greenland, and distributed smaller glaciers, as well as postglacial rebound (assuming the ICE-3G deglaciation history), with the goal of obtaining optimum reconciliation between observed constraints on J(sub l) and sea level rise xi. Numerous viable combinations of lower mantle viscosity and hydrologic sources are found that safely "observed" in the range of 1 to 2-2.5 mm/yr and observed J(sub l) for degrees 2, 3, and 4. In contrast, rates of global sea level rise above 2.5 mm/yr are inconsistent with available J(sub l) observations. The successful composite models feature a pair of lower mantle viscosity solutions arising from the sensitivity of J(sub l) to glacial rebound. The paired values are well separated at xi = 1 mm/yr, but move closer together as xi is increased, and, in fact, merge around xi = 2 - 2.5 mm/yr, revealing an intimate relation between xi and preferred lower mantle viscosity. This general pattern is quite robust and persists for different J(sub l) solutions, for variations in source assumptions, and for different styles of lower mantle viscosity stratification. Tighter J(sub l) constraints for l greater than 2 may allow some viscosity stratification schemes and source assumptions to be excluded in the future. For a given total observed xi the sea level rise from Antarctica xi(sub A) is tightly constrained and ranges from 0 to + 1 mr/yr (corresponding to an ablating ice sheet) as estimates of xi are raised from 1 to 2.5 mm/yr. However, when the degree 3 zonal harmonic constraint is removed, the solutions show little sensitivity to Antarctic mass balance, emphasizing the need for a well determined odd-degree secular zonal harmonic for determining polar ice mass balance.

Investigations of different kilovoltage x-ray energy for three-dimensional converging stereotactic radiotherapy system: Monte Carlo simulations with CT data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Deloar, Hossain M.; Kunieda, Etsuo; Kawase, Takatsugu

2006-12-15

We are investigating three-dimensional converging stereotactic radiotherapy (3DCSRT) with suitable medium-energy x rays as treatment for small lung tumors with better dose homogeneity at the target. A computed tomography (CT) system dedicated for non-coplanar converging radiotherapy was simulated with BEAMnrc (EGS4) Monte-Carlo code for x-ray energy of 147.5, 200, 300, and 500 kilovoltage (kVp). The system was validated by comparing calculated and measured percentage of depth dose in a water phantom for the energy of 120 and 147.5 kVp. A thorax phantom and CT data from lung tumors (<20 cm{sup 3}) were used to compare dose homogeneities of kVp energiesmore » with MV energies of 4, 6, and 10 MV. Three non-coplanar arcs (0 deg. and {+-}25 deg. ) around the center of the target were employed. The Monte Carlo dose data format was converted to the XiO RTP format to compare dose homogeneity, differential, and integral dose volume histograms of kVp and MV energies. In terms of dose homogeneity and DVHs, dose distributions at the target of all kVp energies with the thorax phantom were better than MV energies, with mean dose absorption at the ribs (human data) of 100%, 85%, 50%, 30% for 147.5, 200, 300, and 500 kVp, respectively. Considering dose distributions and reduction of the enhanced dose absorption at the ribs, a minimum of 500 kVp is suitable for the lung kVp 3DCSRT system.« less

SU-E-T-481: Dosimetric Effects of Tissue Heterogeneity in Proton Therapy: Monte Carlo Simulation and Experimental Study Using Animal Tissue Phantoms.

PubMed

Liu, Y; Zheng, Y

2012-06-01

Accurate determination of proton dosimetric effect for tissue heterogeneity is critical in proton therapy. Proton beams have finite range and consequently tissue heterogeneity plays a more critical role in proton therapy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the tissue heterogeneity effect in proton dosimetry based on anatomical-based Monte Carlo simulation using animal tissues. Animal tissues including a pig head and beef bulk were used in this study. Both pig head and beef were scanned using a GE CT scanner with 1.25 mm slice thickness. A treatment plan was created, using the CMS XiO treatment planning system (TPS) with a single proton spread-out-Bragg-peak beam (SOBP). Radiochromic films were placed at the distal falloff region. Image guidance was used to align the phantom before proton beams were delivered according to the treatment plan. The same two CT sets were converted to Monte Carlo simulation model. The Monte Carlo simulated dose calculations with/without tissue omposition were compared to TPS calculations and measurements. Based on the preliminary comparison, at the center of SOBP plane, the Monte Carlo simulation dose without tissue composition agreed generally well with TPS calculation. In the distal falloff region, the dose difference was large, and about 2 mm isodose line shift was observed with the consideration of tissue composition. The detailed comparison of dose distributions between Monte Carlo simulation, TPS calculations and measurements is underway. Accurate proton dose calculations are challenging in proton treatment planning for heterogeneous tissues. Tissue heterogeneity and tissue composition may lead to isodose line shifts up to a few millimeters in the distal falloff region. By simulating detailed particle transport and energy deposition, Monte Carlo simulations provide a verification method in proton dose calculation where inhomogeneous tissues are present. © 2012 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.

Da Vinci Xi Robot–Assisted Penetrating Keratoplasty

PubMed Central

Chammas, Jimmy; Sauer, Arnaud; Pizzuto, Joëlle; Pouthier, Fabienne; Gaucher, David; Marescaux, Jacques; Mutter, Didier; Bourcier, Tristan

2017-01-01

Purpose This study aims (1) to investigate the feasibility of robot-assisted penetrating keratoplasty (PK) using the new Da Vinci Xi Surgical System and (2) to report what we believe to be the first use of this system in experimental eye surgery. Methods Robot-assisted PK procedures were performed on human corneal transplants using the Da Vinci Xi Surgical System. After an 8-mm corneal trephination, four interrupted sutures and one 10.0 monofilament running suture were made. For each procedure, duration and successful completion of the surgery as well as any unexpected events were assessed. The depth of the corneal sutures was checked postoperatively using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Results Robot-assisted PK was successfully performed on 12 corneas. The Da Vinci Xi Surgical System provided the necessary dexterity to perform the different steps of surgery. The mean duration of the procedures was 43.4 ± 8.9 minutes (range: 28.5–61.1 minutes). There were no unexpected intraoperative events. SD-OCT confirmed that the sutures were placed at the appropriate depth. Conclusions We confirm the feasibility of robot-assisted PK with the new Da Vinci Surgical System and report the first use of the Xi model in experimental eye surgery. Operative time of robot-assisted PK surgery is now close to that of conventional manual surgery due to both improvement of the optical system and the presence of microsurgical instruments. Translational Relevance Experimentations will allow the advantages of robot-assisted microsurgery to be identified while underlining the improvements and innovations necessary for clinical use. PMID:28660096

Xi-CAM v1.2.3

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

PANDOLFI, RONALD; KUMAR, DINESH; VENKATAKRISHNAN, SINGANALLUR

Xi-CAM aims to provide a community driven platform for multimodal analysis in synchrotron science. The platform core provides a robust plugin infrastructure for extensibility, allowing continuing development to simply add further functionality. Current modules include tools for characterization with (GI)SAXS, Tomography, and XAS. This will continue to serve as a development base as algorithms for multimodal analysis develop. Seamless remote data access, visualization and analysis are key elements of Xi-CAM, and will become critical to synchrotron data infrastructure as expectations for future data volume and acquisition rates rise with continuously increasing throughputs. The highly interactive design elements of Xi-cam willmore » similarly support a generation of users which depend on immediate data quality feedback during high-throughput or burst acquisition modes.« less

Assessment of medical radiation exposure to patients and ambient doses in several diagnostic radiology departments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sulieman, A.; Elhadi, T.; Babikir, E.; Alkhorayef, M.; Alnaaimi, M.; Alduaij, M.; Bradley, D. A.

2017-11-01

In many countries diagnostic medical exposures typically account for a very large fraction of the collective effective dose that can be assigned to anthropological sources and activities. This in part flags up the question of whether sufficient steps are being taken in regard to potential dose saving from such medical services. As a first step, one needs to survey doses to compare against those of best practice. The present study has sought evaluation of the radiation protection status and patient doses for certain key radiological procedures in four film-based radiology departments within Sudan. The radiation exposure survey, carried out using a survey meter and quality control test tools, involved a total of 299 patients their examinations being carried out at one or other of these four departments. The entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) was determined from exposure settings using DosCal software and an Unfors -Xi-meter. The mean ESAK for x-ray examination of the chest was 0.30±0.1 mGy, for the skull it was 0.96±0.7 mGy, for the abdomen 0.85±0.01 mGy, for spinal procedures 1.30±0.6 mGy and for procedures involving the limbs it was 0.43±0.3 mGy. Ambient dose-rates in the reception area, at the closed door of the x-ray room, recorded instantaneous values of up to 100 μSv/h. In regard to protection, the associated levels were found to be acceptable in three of the four departments, corrective action being required for one department, regular quality control also being recommended.

Origin of Stability in Particle Sedimentation

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Segre, Philip N.

2003-01-01

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is used to study the slow settling motions of spheres in suspensions ranging from dilute to highly concentrated, 0.0001 less than phi less than 0.50. During sedimentation, particle velocity fluctuations are found to be organized into regions of characteristic size xi approximately 11 a phi (exp -1/3). A simple model, based upon buoyant mass fluctuations DELTAm given by random density fluctuations in a region of size xi, accurately predicts the magnitudes of the velocity fluctuations DELTAV. We also find a new universal relation for particle diffusion during sedimentation. It can be written in a Stokes-Einstein form as Dapproximately(DELTAmxi)/(6pietaxi), where the effective temperature DELTAmgxi is the gravitational potential energy of density fluctuations. In addition related experiments examining inertial effects and transient states, that are aimed at uncovering the origin of the new lengthscale xi, will also be given.

Future prospects for contact factors as therapeutic targets

PubMed Central

Gailani, David

2015-01-01

Anticoagulants currently used in clinical practice to treat or prevent thromboembolic disease are effective, but place patients at increased risk for serious bleeding because they interfere with plasma enzymes (thrombin and factor Xa) that are essential for hemostasis. In the past 10 years, work with genetically altered mice and studies in baboons and rabbits have demonstrated that the plasma contact proteases factor XI, factor XII, and prekallikrein contribute to the formation of occlusive thrombi despite having limited roles in hemostasis. In the case of factor XI, epidemiologic data from human populations indicate that elevated levels of this protein increase risk for stroke and venous thromboembolism and may also influence risk for myocardial infarction. These findings suggest that inhibiting contact activation may produce an antithrombotic effect without significantly compromising hemostasis. This chapter reviews strategies that are being developed for therapeutic targeting of factor XI and factor XII and their performances in preclinical and early human trials. PMID:25696834

Role of high-spin hyperon resonances in the reaction of $$\\gamma p \\to K^+ K^+ \\Xi^-$$

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

J. Ka Shing Man, Yongseok Oh, K. Nakayama

The recent data taken by the CLAS Collaboration at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the reaction ofmore » $$\\gamma p \\to K^+ K^+ \\Xi^-$$ are reanalyzed within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The present model is an extension of the one developed in an earlier work by Nakayama, Oh, and Haberzettl [Phys. Rev. C 74, 035205 (2006)]. In particular, the role of the spin-5/2 and -7/2 hyperon resonances, which were not included in the previous model, is investigated in the present study. It is shown that the contribution of the $$\\Sigma(2030)$$ hyperon having spin-7/2 and positive parity has a key role to bring the model predictions into a fair agreement with the measured data for the $$K^+\\Xi^-$$ invariant mass distribution.« less

Role of high-spin hyperon resonances in the reaction of {gamma}p{yields}K{sup +}K{sup +}{Xi}{sup -}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Man, J. Ka Shing; Oh, Yongseok; Excited Baryon Analysis Center, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606

The recent data taken by the CLAS Collaboration at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility for the reaction of {gamma}p{yields}K{sup +}K{sup +}{Xi}{sup -} are reanalyzed within a relativistic meson-exchange model of hadronic interactions. The present model is an extension of the one developed in an earlier work by Nakayama, Oh, and Haberzettl [Phys. Rev. C 74, 035205 (2006)]. In particular, the role of the spin-5/2 and -7/2 hyperon resonances, which were not included in the previous model, is investigated in the present study. It is shown that the contribution of the {Sigma}(2030) hyperon having spin-7/2 and positive parity has amore » key role to bring the model predictions into a fair agreement with the measured data for the K{sup +}{Xi}{sup -} invariant mass distribution.« less

Use of a mobile tower-based robot--The initial Xi robot experience in surgical oncology.

PubMed

Yuh, Bertram; Yu, Xian; Raytis, John; Lew, Michael; Fong, Yuman; Lau, Clayton

2016-01-01

The da Vinci Xi platform provides expanded movement of the arms relative to the base, theoretically allowing increased versatility in complex multi-field or multi-quadrant surgery. We describe the initial Xi experience in oncologic surgery at a tertiary cancer center. One hundred thirty unique robot-assisted procedures were performed using the Xi between 2014 and 2015, 112 of which were oncology surgeries. For procedures involving multiple quadrants, the robot was re-targeted. Complications were assessed according to Martin criteria and the Clavien-Dindo classification up to 90 days after operation. Thirteen different operations were performed in five oncology subspecialties (urology, gynecology, thoracic, hepatobiliary, and gastrointestinal surgery). Median operative times ranged from 183 min for nephroureterectomy to 543 min for esophagogastrectomy. Median estimated blood loss did not exceed 200 ml for any of the categorized procedures . No patients were transfused intraoperatively and no positioning injuries occurred. Conversions to open operation occurred in three cases (2.7%), though not related to complications or technical considerations. Overall complication rate was 26% with major complication rate of 4%. Readmissions were necessary in 11 (10%) patients. The da Vinci Xi can be safely assimilated into a surgical oncology program. The Xi offers versatility to various oncologic procedures with satisfactory complication and readmission rates. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Inhibition of d-xylose isomerase by polyols: atomic details by joint X-ray/neutron crystallography

PubMed Central

Kovalevsky, Andrey; Hanson, B. Leif; Mason, Sax A.; Forsyth, V. Trevor; Fisher, Zoe; Mustyakimov, Marat; Blakeley, Matthew P.; Keen, David A.; Langan, Paul

2012-01-01

d-Xylose isomerase (XI) converts the aldo-sugars xylose and glucose to their keto analogs xylulose and fructose, but is strongly inhibited by the polyols xylitol and sorbitol, especially at acidic pH. In order to understand the atomic details of polyol binding to the XI active site, a 2.0 Å resolution room-temperature joint X-ray/neutron structure of XI in complex with Ni2+ cofactors and sorbitol inhibitor at pH 5.9 and a room-temperature X-ray structure of XI containing Mg2+ ions and xylitol at the physiological pH of 7.7 were obtained. The protonation of oxygen O5 of the inhibitor, which was found to be deprotonated and negatively charged in previous structures of XI complexed with linear glucose and xylulose, was directly observed. The Ni2+ ions occupying the catalytic metal site (M2) were found at two locations, while Mg2+ in M2 is very mobile and has a high B factor. Under acidic conditions sorbitol gains a water-mediated interaction that connects its O1 hydroxyl to Asp257. This contact is not found in structures at basic pH. The new interaction that is formed may improve the binding of the inhibitor, providing an explanation for the increased affinity of the polyols for XI at low pH. PMID:22948921

Is da Vinci Xi Better than da Vinci Si in Robotic Rectal Cancer Surgery? Comparison of the 2 Generations of da Vinci Systems.

PubMed

Ozben, Volkan; Cengiz, Turgut B; Atasoy, Deniz; Bayraktar, Onur; Aghayeva, Afag; Erguner, Ilknur; Baca, Bilgi; Hamzaoglu, Ismail; Karahasanoglu, Tayfun

2016-10-01

We aimed to compare perioperative outcomes for procedures using the latest generation of da Vinci robot versus its previous version in rectal cancer surgery. Fifty-three patients undergoing robotic rectal cancer surgery between January 2010 and March 2015 were included. Patients were classified into 2 groups (Xi, n=28 vs. Si, n=25) and perioperative outcomes were analyzed. The groups had significant differences including operative procedure, hybrid technique and redocking (P>0.05). In univariate analysis, the Xi group had shorter console times (265.7 vs. 317.1 min, P=0.006) and total operative times (321.6 vs. 360.4 min, P=0.04) and higher number of lymph nodes harvested (27.5 vs. 17.0, P=0.008). In multivariate analysis, Xi robot was associated with a shorter console time (odds ratio: 0.09, P=0.004) with no significant differences regarding other outcomes. Both generations of da Vinci robot led to similar short-term outcomes in rectal cancer surgery, but the Xi robot allowed shorter console times.

Choosing the Active X: The Human Version of X Inactivation.

PubMed

Migeon, Barbara R

2017-12-01

Humans and rodents differ in how they carry out X inactivation (XI), the mammalian method to compensate for the different number of X chromosomes in males and females. Evolutionary changes in staging embryogenesis and in mutations within the XI center alter the process among mammals. The mouse model of XI is predicated on X counting and subsequently choosing the X to 'inactivate'. However, new evidence suggests that humans initiate XI by protecting one X in both sexes from inactivation by XIST, the noncoding RNA that silences the inactive X. This opinion article explores the question of how the active X is protected from silencing by its own Xist locus, and the possibility of different solutions for mouse and human. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Settings, Pros and Cons of the New Surgical Robot da Vinci Xi System for Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS): A Comparison With the Popular da Vinci Si System.

PubMed

Kim, Da Hee; Kim, Hwan; Kwak, Sanghyun; Baek, Kwangha; Na, Gina; Kim, Ji Hoon; Kim, Se Heon

2016-10-01

The da Vinci system (da Vinci Surgical System; Intuitive Surgical Inc.) has rapidly developed in several years from the S system to the Si system and now the Xi System. To investigate the surgical feasibility and to provide workflow guidance for the newly released system, we used the new da Vinci Xi system for transoral robotic surgery (TORS) on a cadaveric specimen. Bilateral supraglottic partial laryngectomy, hypopharyngectomy, lateral oropharyngectomy, and base of the tongue resection were serially performed in search of the optimal procedures with the new system. The new surgical robotic system has been upgraded in all respects. The telescope and camera were incorporated into one system, with a digital end-mounted camera. Overhead boom rotation allows multiquadrant access without axis limitation, the arms are now thinner and longer with grabbing movements for easy adjustments. The patient clearance button dramatically reduces external collisions. The new surgical robotic system has been optimized for improved anatomic access, with better-equipped appurtenances. This cadaveric study of TORS offers guidance on the best protocol for surgical workflow with the new Xi system leading to improvements in the functional results of TORS.

Chromosomal Aneuploidy Improves the Brewing Characteristics of Sake Yeast.

PubMed

Kadowaki, Masafumi; Fujimaru, Yuki; Taguchi, Seiga; Ferdouse, Jannatul; Sawada, Kazutaka; Kimura, Yuta; Terasawa, Yohei; Agrimi, Gennaro; Anai, Toyoaki; Noguchi, Hideki; Toyoda, Atsushi; Fujiyama, Asao; Akao, Takeshi; Kitagaki, Hiroshi

2017-12-15

The effect of chromosomal aneuploidy on the brewing characteristics of brewery yeasts has not been studied. Here we report that chromosomal aneuploidy in sake brewery yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) leads to the development of favorable brewing characteristics. We found that pyruvate-underproducing sake yeast, which produces less off-flavor diacetyl, is aneuploid and trisomic for chromosomes XI and XIV. To confirm that this phenotype is due to aneuploidy, we obtained 45 haploids with various chromosomal additions and investigated their brewing profiles. A greater number of chromosomes correlated with a decrease in pyruvate production. Especially, sake yeast haploids with extra chromosomes in addition to chromosome XI produced less pyruvate than euploids. Mitochondrion-related metabolites and intracellular oxygen species in chromosome XI aneuploids were higher than those in euploids, and this effect was canceled in their "petite" strains, suggesting that an increase in chromosomes upregulated mitochondrial activity and decreased pyruvate levels. These findings suggested that an increase in chromosome number, including chromosome XI, in sake yeast haploids leads to pyruvate underproduction through the augmentation of mitochondrial activity. This is the first report proposing that aneuploidy in brewery yeasts improves their brewing profile. IMPORTANCE Chromosomal aneuploidy has not been evaluated in development of sake brewing yeast strains. This study shows the relationship between chromosomal aneuploidy and brewing characteristics of brewery yeast strains. High concentrations of pyruvate during sake storage give rise to α-acetolactate and, in turn, to high concentrations of diacetyl, which is considered an off-flavor. It was demonstrated that pyruvate-underproducing sake yeast is trisomic for chromosome XI and XIV. Furthermore, sake yeast haploids with extra chromosomes produced reduced levels of pyruvate and showed metabolic processes characteristic of increased mitochondrial activity. This novel discovery will enable the selection of favorable brewery yeasts by monitoring the copy numbers of specific chromosomes through a process that does not involve generation/use of genetically modified organisms. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.

Chromosomal Aneuploidy Improves the Brewing Characteristics of Sake Yeast

PubMed Central

Kadowaki, Masafumi; Fujimaru, Yuki; Taguchi, Seiga; Ferdouse, Jannatul; Sawada, Kazutaka; Kimura, Yuta; Terasawa, Yohei; Agrimi, Gennaro; Anai, Toyoaki; Noguchi, Hideki; Toyoda, Atsushi; Fujiyama, Asao; Akao, Takeshi

2017-01-01

ABSTRACT The effect of chromosomal aneuploidy on the brewing characteristics of brewery yeasts has not been studied. Here we report that chromosomal aneuploidy in sake brewery yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) leads to the development of favorable brewing characteristics. We found that pyruvate-underproducing sake yeast, which produces less off-flavor diacetyl, is aneuploid and trisomic for chromosomes XI and XIV. To confirm that this phenotype is due to aneuploidy, we obtained 45 haploids with various chromosomal additions and investigated their brewing profiles. A greater number of chromosomes correlated with a decrease in pyruvate production. Especially, sake yeast haploids with extra chromosomes in addition to chromosome XI produced less pyruvate than euploids. Mitochondrion-related metabolites and intracellular oxygen species in chromosome XI aneuploids were higher than those in euploids, and this effect was canceled in their “petite” strains, suggesting that an increase in chromosomes upregulated mitochondrial activity and decreased pyruvate levels. These findings suggested that an increase in chromosome number, including chromosome XI, in sake yeast haploids leads to pyruvate underproduction through the augmentation of mitochondrial activity. This is the first report proposing that aneuploidy in brewery yeasts improves their brewing profile. IMPORTANCE Chromosomal aneuploidy has not been evaluated in development of sake brewing yeast strains. This study shows the relationship between chromosomal aneuploidy and brewing characteristics of brewery yeast strains. High concentrations of pyruvate during sake storage give rise to α-acetolactate and, in turn, to high concentrations of diacetyl, which is considered an off-flavor. It was demonstrated that pyruvate-underproducing sake yeast is trisomic for chromosome XI and XIV. Furthermore, sake yeast haploids with extra chromosomes produced reduced levels of pyruvate and showed metabolic processes characteristic of increased mitochondrial activity. This novel discovery will enable the selection of favorable brewery yeasts by monitoring the copy numbers of specific chromosomes through a process that does not involve generation/use of genetically modified organisms. PMID:28986374

A Model-Based Diagnosis Framework for Distributed Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2002-05-04

of centralized compilation techniques as applied to [6] Marco Cadoli and Francesco M . Donini . A survey several areas, of which diagnosis is one. Our...for doing so than the family for that (1) Vi 1 ... m . Xi E 2V; (2) V ui(Xi[Xi E 1). tree-structured systems. For simplicity of notation, we will that (i...our diagnosis synthesis diagnoses using a likelihood weight ri assigned to each as- algorithm. sumable Ai, i = I, ... m . Using the likelihood algebra

Vibrational properties of Ni-Mn-Ga shape memory alloy in the martensite phases

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ener, Semih; Mehaddene, Tarik; Pedersen, Björn; Leitner, Michael; Neuhaus, Jürgen; Petry, Winfried

2013-12-01

Studying the phonon dispersion of the ferromagnetic shape memory alloy system Ni-Mn-Ga gives insight into the mechanism of the martensite transition and the forces driving the transition. Transformation of austenite single crystals under uniaxial stress results in the coexistence of two martensitic variants with perpendicular modulation vector. Here we report on inelastic neutron scattering studies of martensite crystals with off-stoichiometric compositions, varying from non-modulated (NM) to five- (5M) and seven- (7M) layer modulated martensite phases. Both the 5M and 7M crystals show fully commensurate satellite peaks along [\\xi \\bar {\\xi } 0], corresponding to the five- and seven-layer modulation. These superstructure peaks become Γ-points of the modulated structure. Due to the coexistence of two variants within the (001) plane, both new acoustic phonons reflecting the modulation vector [\\xi \\bar {\\xi } 0] and acoustic TA2[ξξ0] phonons corresponding to the non-modulated direction are observed. The latter display a pronounced softening around ξ = 0.2-0.4 when approaching the martensite-austenite transition from above and below, i.e. this soft mode has lowest frequency at the transition temperature. Overall the phonon dispersion of the austenite and martensite phase resemble each other very much. The coexistence of two martensitic variants after uniaxial transformation explains the particular behaviour of the low-energy excitations, in contrast to previous interpretations involving charge-density waves and associated phason modes.

Genetics Home Reference: fibrochondrogenesis

MedlinePlus

... provide instructions for making components of type XI collagen, which is a complex molecule that gives structure ... the body's joints and organs. Specifically, type XI collagen is found in cartilage, a tough but flexible ...

Multiple Myeloma: Clinical Updates From the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting, 2017.

PubMed

Terpos, Evangelos

2018-05-01

The novel clinical data for myeloma that were presented in the 2017 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology are summarized here. Studies with curative approach (CESAR) or prolonging progression-free survival (CENTAURUS) for patients with high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) are described. Updated data from large phase III studies for patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) who are eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) (EMN02, MRC XI) are described, along with the results of studies using novel anti-myeloma drug combinations for induction, consolidation, and maintenance as first-line therapy. The role of minimal residual disease for patients with MM is also discussed. We also present the results of novel phase III studies in patients with NDMM who are not eligible for ASCT (ALCYONE) and new data for their treatment. Recent updates of important studies in the field of relapsed/refractory MM (ASPIRE, POLLUX) along with novel immunotherapy approaches (anti-BCMA monoclonal antibodies, CART cells) are also reported. Finally, levofloxacin prophylaxis reduces febrile episodes and death events in NDMM, whereas 2 doses of high-dose influenza vaccine seem to maintain higher rates of seroprotection compared with those who received standard vaccination. All these data provide the basis for possible changes in the way we manage myeloma in the near future trying to "cure" the disease in many patients. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Estimating PM2.5 in Xi'an , China Using Aerosol Optical Depth of Npp Viirs Data and Meteorological Measurements

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, K.; Yang, Z.; Zheng, J.; Jiao, J.; Gao, W.

2018-04-01

In recent years, the air pollution is becoming more and more serious, which not only causes the decrease of the visibility, but also affects the human health. As the most important pollutant particulate matter, remote sensing satellite measurements have been widely used to estimate PM2.5 concentration on the ground. Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is one of the instruments which is taken in the National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite. In this study, VIIRS was used to retrieve aerosol optical depth (AOD) with the way of dark pixels, and several other major meteorological variables (wind speed, relative humidity, NO2 concentration, ground surface relative humidity and planetary boundary layer height) were combined with AOD to construct a nonlinear multiple regression mode for establishing the relationship between AOD and PM2.5 concentration. The North Basin of Shaanxi province of China, which includes Xi'an, is located in the north of Qinling Mountains, south of the Loess Plateau, and in the central of Weihe basin, with special structure and other adverse weather conditions (static wind, less rain) to cause the frequent haze weather in Xi'an. Xi'an city was selected as the area of the experiment due to its particularity. This research obtained the AOD results from August 1, 2013 to October 30, 2013. The inversion results were compared with ground-based PM2.5 concentration date from air quality monitoring station of Xi'an. The result showed that there is a significant correlation between the two, and the correlation coefficient is 0.783. The inversion result verified that the model of VIIRS data agreed well AOD, which could be used to estimate the surface PM2.5 concentration and monitor the regional air quality.

Resolving the xi Boo Binary with Chandra, and Revealing the Spectral Type Dependence of the Coronal "Fip Effect"

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wood, Brian E.; Linsky, Jeffrey L.

2010-01-01

On 2008 May 2, Chandra observed the X-ray spectrum of xi Boo (G8 V+K4 V), resolving the binary for the first time in X-rays and allowing the coronae of the two stars to be studied separately. With the contributions of ξ Boo A and B to the system's total X-ray emission now observationally established (88.5% and 11.5% respectively), consideration of mass loss measurements for GK dwarfs of various activity levels (including one for xi Boo) leads to the surprising conclusion that xi Boo B may dominate the wind from the binary, with xi Boo A's wind being very weak despite its active corona. Emission measure (EM) distributions and coronal abundances are computed for both stars and compared with Chandra measurements of other moderately active stars with G8-K5 spectral types, all of which exhibit a narrow peak in EM near log T = 6.6, indicating that the coronal heating process in these stars has a strong preference for this temperature. As is the case for the Sun and many other stars, our sample of stars shows coronal abundance anomalies dependent on the first ionization potential (FIP) of the element. We see no dependence of the degree of FIP effect on activity, but there is a dependence on spectral type, a correlation that becomes more convincing when moderately active main-sequence stars with a broader range of spectral types are considered. This clear dependence of coronal abundances on spectral type weakens if the stellar sample is allowed to be contaminated by evolved stars, interacting binaries or extremely active stars with logLX 29, explaining why this correlation has not been recognized in the past.

Deteriorating haze situation and the severe haze episode during December 18-25 of 2013 in Xi'an, China, the worst event on record

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Xiaodong; Hui, Ying; Yin, Zhi-Yong; Wang, Zhaosheng; Xie, Xiaoning; Fang, Jiangang

2016-07-01

Frequent occurrence of haze weather has been considered an urgent environmental problem in China and has attracted much attention worldwide in recent years. In this study, we examined the trend in the occurrence of haze days based on horizontal visibility in Xi'an, a major city in central China, since 2000. There were 49 haze days per year on average in Xi'an during 2000-2013, and the number of haze days has increased significantly since 2008, reaching 102 days in 2013. December is the month of the highest frequency of occurrence. During December 18-25 of 2013, the longest-lasting and most severe haze event in the recent decades occurred. The 8-day mean visibility in Xi'an was only 2.5 km with 5 days below 2 km. The mean air quality index in Xi'an during this period was 486.5, and in four of those days, it reached or exceeded the index's upper limit of 500. The exceptionally high level of PM2.5 concentration was inferred as the main reason of this severe haze episode. The local weather conditions were characterized by weak winds, enhanced atmospheric stability, and high relative humidity. Strong mid-tropospheric zonal flows in combination with weakened East Asian winter monsoon limited the cold air invasion from the higher latitudes, creating a condition of low pressure gradients in the lower troposphere and near the surface for a large region in central and eastern China. With high background emission levels, the suppressed dispersion of air pollutants eventually caused this severe haze episode affecting a large region in China.

Genetics Home Reference: otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia

MedlinePlus

... instructions for making one component of type XI collagen, which is a complex molecule that gives structure ... support the body's joints and organs. Type XI collagen is found in cartilage, a tough but flexible ...

SU-D-209-01: Can Fluoroscopic Air-Kerma Rates Be Reliably Measured with Solid-State Meters?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Feng, C; Thai, L; Wagner, L

Purpose: Ionization chambers remain the standard for calibration of air-kerma rate measuring devices. Despite their strong energy-dependent response, solid state radiation detectors are increasingly used, primarily due to their efficiency in making standardized measurements. To test the reliability of these devices in measuring air-kerma rates, we compared ion chambers measurements with solid-state measurements for various mobile fluoroscopes operated at different beam qualities and air-kerma rates. Methods: Six mobile fluoroscopes (GE OEC models 9800 and 9900) were used to generate test beams. Using various field sizes and dose rate controls, copper attenuators and a lead attenuator were placed at the imagemore » receptor in varying combinations to generate a range of air-kerma rates. Air-kerma rates at 30 centimeters from the image receptors were measured using two 6-cm{sup 3} ion chambers with electrometers (Radcal, models 1015 and 9015) and two with solid state detectors (Unfors Xi and Raysafe X2). No error messages occurred during measurements. However, about two months later, one solid-state device stopped working and was replaced by the manufacturer. Two out of six mobile fluoroscopic units were retested with the replacement unit. Results: Generally, solid state and ionization chambers agreed favorably well, with two exceptions. Before replacement of the detector, the Xi meter when set in the “RF High” mode deviated from ion chamber readings by factors of 2 and 10 with no message indicating error in measurement. When set in the “RF Low” mode, readings were within −4% to +3%. The replacement Xi detector displayed messages alerting the user when settings were not compatible with air-kerma rates. Conclusion: Air-kerma rates can be measured favorably well using solid-state devices, but users must be aware of the possibility that readings can be grossly in error with no discernible indication for the deviation.« less

Clustering of galaxies near damped Lyman-alpha systems with (z) = 2.6

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Wolfe, A. M

1993-01-01

The galaxy two-point correlation function, xi, at (z) = 2.6 is determined by comparing the number of Ly-alpha-emitting galaxies in narrowband CCD fields selected for the presence of damped L-alpha absorption to their number in randomly selected control fields. Comparisons between the presented determination of (xi), a density-weighted volume average of xi, and model predictions for (xi) at large redshifts show that models in which the clustering pattern is fixed in proper coordinates are highly unlikely, while better agreement is obtained if the clustering pattern is fixed in comoving coordinates. Therefore, clustering of Ly-alpha-emitting galaxies around damped Ly-alpha systems at large redshifts is strong. It is concluded that the faint blue galaxies are drawn from a parent population different from normal galaxies, the presumed offspring of damped Ly-alpha systems.

Educational Pico-Satellite Project CUBESAT - University of Tokyo's CUBESAT XI and its Operation Plan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsuda, Y.; Sako, N.; Eishima, T.; Ito, T.; Arikawa, Y.; Miyamura, N.

2002-01-01

University of Tokyo ISSL (Intelligent Space Systems Laboratory) has been developing a pico-satellite called "CubeSat" as an international joint program. In CubeSat project, 10cm cubic satellites have been developed by several universities and launched to the low-earth orbit altogether by Russian rocket "Dnepr". ISSL has developed "XI" series ([sai]: X-factor Investigator) satellites, and the flight model is already fabricated and ready for delivery. The mission of XI satellite is the on-orbit technology demonstration of the ultra-small satellite bus system with an extensive use of commercial-off-the-shelf components. XI transmits the Morse beacon and FM packet telemetry which provides the health data of the satellite. Additionally, XI has a CMOS camera which provides 15,000 pixels panchromatic images as an advanced mission. Ground operation is one of the key issues for CubeSats. Now we are promoting international ground station network in which several universities' ground stations connected by internet collaboratively operate university-built small satellites, which enlarges the link opportunity. Collaboration with amateur HAM engineers is also indispensable for search for the satellite or get beacon signal to estimate the satellite orbit. We are now developing operation concept based on these ideas. As the launch is scheduled in this fall, the operation plan will be fixed at the time of this conference. In this presentation the final design of ISSL's CubeSat XI and operation plan will be presented.

Multiquadrant robotic colorectal surgery: the da Vinci Xi vs Si comparison.

PubMed

Protyniak, Bogdan; Jorden, Jeffrey; Farmer, Russell

2018-03-01

The newly introduced da Vinci Xi Surgical System hopes to address the shortcomings of its predecessor, specifically robotic arm restrictions and difficulty working in multiple quadrants. We compare the two robot platforms in multiquadrant surgery at a major colorectal referral center. Forty-four patients in the da Vinci Si group and 26 patients in the Xi group underwent sigmoidectomy or low anterior resection between 2014 and 2016. Patient demographics, operative variables, and postoperative outcomes were compared using descriptive statistics. Both groups were similar in age, sex, BMI, pelvic surgeries, and ASA class. Splenic flexure was mobilized in more (p = 0.045) da Vinci Xi cases compared to da Vinci Si both for sigmoidectomy (50 vs 15.4%) and low anterior resection (60 vs 29%). There was no significant difference in operative time (219.9 vs 224.7 min; p = 0.640), blood loss (170.0 vs 188.1 mL; p = 0.289), length of stay (5.7 vs 6 days; p = 0.851), or overall complications (26.9 vs 22.7%; p = 0.692) between the da Vinci Xi and Si groups, respectively. Single-dock multiquadrant robotic surgery, measured by splenic flexure mobilization with concomitant pelvic dissection, was more frequently performed using the da Vinci Xi platform with no increase in operative time, bleeding, or postoperative complications. The new platform provides surgeons an easier alternative to the da Vinci Si dual docking or combined robotic/laparoscopic multiquadrant surgery.

[Chemical constituents of Cocculus orbiculatus var. mollis root].

PubMed

Liao, Jing; Lei, Yu; Wang, Jian-Zhong

2014-02-01

To study the chemical constituents in the root of Cocculus orbiculatus var. mollis. The compounds were isolated by silica gel chromatography, their structures were established by spectroscopic methods. Eleven compounds were isolated and identified as wattisine A (I), O-methylcocsoline (II), (+) cocsoline (III), (+) cocsuline (IV), magnoflorine (V), sino-coculine (VI), isosinococuline (VII), (-) coclaurine (VIII), daucosterol (IX), beta-sitosterol (X) and 1-oleioyl-3-(9Z, 12Z-arachoyl) glycerol (XI). Compound I is isolated from this genus for the first time,and compound II - XI are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Search for Exotic S=-2 Baryons in proton-antiproton Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Abulencia, A.; Adelman, J.; Affolder, T.

2006-12-01

A search for a manifestly exotic S = -2 baryon state decaying to {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup -}, and its neutral partner decaying to {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +}, has been performed using 220 pb{sup -1} of p{bar p} collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The {Xi}{sup -} trajectories were measured in a silicon tracker before their decay, resulting in a sample with low background and excellent position resolution. No evidence was found for S = -2 pentaquark candidates in the invariant mass range of 1600-2100 MeV/c{sup 2}. Upper limits on the product of pentaquark production crossmore » section times its branching fraction to {Xi}{sup -}{pi}{sup +,-}, relative to the cross section of the well established {Xi}(1530) resonance, are presented for neutral and doubly negative candidates with p{sub T} > 2 GeV/c and |y| < 1 as a function of pentaquark mass. At 1862 MeV/c{sup 2}, these upper limits for neutral and doubly negative final states were found to be 3.2% and 1.7% at the 90% confidence level, respectively.« less

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Delgado-Acosta, E. G.; Napsuciale, Mauro; Rodriguez, Simon

We develop a second order formalism for massive spin 1/2 fermions based on the projection over Poincare invariant subspaces in the ((1/2),0)+(0,(1/2)) representation of the homogeneous Lorentz group. Using the U(1){sub em} gauge principle we obtain a second order description for the electromagnetic interactions of a spin 1/2 fermion with two free parameters, the gyromagnetic factor g and a parameter {xi} related to odd-parity Lorentz structures. We calculate Compton scattering in this formalism. In the particular case g=2, {xi}=0, and for states with well-defined parity, we recover Dirac results. In general, we find the correct classical limit and a finitemore » value r{sub c}{sup 2} for the forward differential cross section, independent of the photon energy and of the value of the parameters g and {xi}. The differential cross section vanishes at high energies for all g, {xi} except in the forward direction. The total cross section at high energies vanishes only for g=2, {xi}=0. We argue that this formalism is more convenient than Dirac theory in the description of low energy electromagnetic properties of baryons and illustrate the point with the proton case.« less

Baryon masses and axial couplings in the combined 1/N{sub c} and Chiral expansions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Alvaro Calle Cordon, Jose Goity

The effective theory for baryons with a combined 1/N{sub c} and chiral expansions is analyzed for non-strange baryons. Results for baryon masses and axial couplings are obtained in the small scale expansion, to be coined as the {xi}-expansion, in which the 1/N{sub c} and the low energy power countings are linked according to 1/N{sub c}=O({xi})=O(p). Masses and axial couplings are analyzed to O({xi}{sup 3}) and O({xi}{sup 2}) respectively, which correspond to next-to-next to leading order evaluations, and require one-loop contributions in the effective theory. The role of the spin-flavor approximate symmetry in baryons, consequence of the large N{sub c} limit,more » is manifested in the physical world with N{sub c}=3 in a significant way, as the analysis of its breaking in the masses and the axial couplings show. Applications to the recent lattice QCD results on baryon masses and the nucleon's axial coupling are presented. It is shown that those results are naturally described within the effective theory at the order considered in the {xi}-expansion.« less

Genetics Home Reference: Weissenbacher-Zweymüller syndrome

MedlinePlus

... instructions for making one component of type XI collagen, which is a complex molecule that gives structure ... support the body's joints and organs. Type XI collagen is found in cartilage, a tough but flexible ...

What Are Rare Clotting Factor Deficiencies?

MedlinePlus

... Deficiency Factor V Deficiency Combined FV & FVIII Deficiencies Factor VII Deficiency Factor X Deficiency Factor XI Deficiency Factor ... Deficiency Factor V Deficiency Combined FV & FVIII Deficiencies Factor VII Deficiency Factor X Deficiency Factor XI Deficiency Factor ...

Strange hadron (neutral kaon(short), lambda baryon and Xi baryon) production in deuteron+gold collisions at center of mass energy = 200 GeV at RHIC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Hai

The study of identified particles from deuteron(d)+gold(Au) collisions provide a crucial reference to investigate nuclear effects observed in Au+Au collisions where a thermalized partonic state - Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) - is thought to have been created. The measurements of transverse mass (mT) and momentum (pT) spectra at mid-rapidity (| y| < 1) for the identified strange hadrons: K0S , Λ + Λ and xi- + xi+ from d+Au collisions are presented. The measured pT covers 0.4 < p T < 6.0 GeV/c for K0S and Λ + Λ and 0.6 < pT < 5.0 GeV/c for xi- + xi+. These particles were reconstructed from the topological characteristics of their weak decays in the STAR Time Projection Chamber (TPC). The mT spectra of these particles are well described by a double exponential function which can be understood by two component models: soft (thermal) hadron production at low mT and hard hadron production at high mT. The integrated yields (dN/dy) and mean pT (< pT >) of these particles are calculated from the fit functions for different centralities. The dN/dy normalized to the number of participants (Npart) increase with Npart. The Λ(Λ ) dN/dy values at the mid-rapidity and forward rapidity regions agree with the EPOS model calculations. The measured Λ/ K0S ratios show the greatest baryon enhancement at pT ˜ 2 GeV/c in d+Au collisions. The strangeness enhancement going from d+Au to Au+Au collisions grows with the number of strange quark in a hadron. The magnitude of the enhancement is in the same order as the SPS measurement. The nuclear modification factors RCP normalized to binary collisions indicate that the Cronin effect in d+Au collisions has a distinct particle type dependence. The RCP ratios show a distinct baryon versus meson dependence: the RCP for xi- + xi+ follows that for Λ + Λ while the R CP for the φ is close to that for the K0S . The mechanism based on initial hadron or parton multiple scattering is not sufficient to explain this particle type dependence. Hadronization processes through multi-parton dynamics such as coalescence and recombination models are likely to be important for explaining baryon enhancement and the Cronin effect in high-energy d+Au collisions.

Oversight Hearings on the Implementation of Title XI, Public Law 95-561: Problems in the BIA Portland Area. Hearings before the Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and Vocational Education of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Ninety-Sixth Congress, Second Session (July 28-29, 1980).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.

The Subcommittee on Elementary, Secondary, and XI, Public Law 95-561: Problems in the BIA Portland Area. issue of administrative funds (Element 10, Title XI, Basic Indian Education Act) to be allotted to the Portland area of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). Maxine Edmo, president of the Advocates for Indian Education educational arm of the…

Detection of mecC-Positive Staphylococcus aureus (CC130-MRSA-XI) in Diseased European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Sweden

PubMed Central

Monecke, Stefan; Gavier-Widen, Dolores; Mattsson, Roland; Rangstrup-Christensen, Lena; Lazaris, Alexandros; Coleman, David C.; Shore, Anna C.; Ehricht, Ralf

2013-01-01

Recently, a novel mec gene conferring beta-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has been discovered. This gene, mecC, is situated on a SCCmec XI element that has to date been identified in clonal complexes 49, 130, 425, 599 and 1943. Some of the currently known isolates have been identified from animals. This, and observations of mecA alleles that do not confer beta-lactam resistance, indicate that mec genes might have a reservoir in Staphylococcus species from animals. Thus it is important also to screen wildlife isolates for mec genes. Here, we describe mecC-positive Staphylococcus aureus (ST130-MRSA-XI) and the lesions related to the infection in two diseased free-ranging European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). One was found dead in 2003 in central Sweden, and suffered from S. aureus septicaemia. The other one, found on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea in 2011, showed a severe dermatitis and was euthanised. ST130-MRSA-XI isolates were isolated from lesions from both hedgehogs and were essentially identical to previously described isolates from humans. Both isolates carried the complete SCCmec XI element. They lacked the lukF-PV/lukS-PV and lukM/lukF-P83 genes, but harboured a gene for an exfoliative toxin homologue previously described from Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and other S. aureus of the CC130 lineage. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of CC130-MRSA-XI in hedgehogs. Given that one of the samples was taken as early as 2003, this was the earliest detection of this strain and of mecC in Sweden. This and several other recent observations suggest that CC130 might be a zoonotic lineage of S. aureus and that SCCmec XI/mecC may have originated from animal pathogens. PMID:23776626

Detection of mecC-positive Staphylococcus aureus (CC130-MRSA-XI) in diseased European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Sweden.

PubMed

Monecke, Stefan; Gavier-Widen, Dolores; Mattsson, Roland; Rangstrup-Christensen, Lena; Lazaris, Alexandros; Coleman, David C; Shore, Anna C; Ehricht, Ralf

2013-01-01

Recently, a novel mec gene conferring beta-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus has been discovered. This gene, mecC, is situated on a SCCmec XI element that has to date been identified in clonal complexes 49, 130, 425, 599 and 1943. Some of the currently known isolates have been identified from animals. This, and observations of mecA alleles that do not confer beta-lactam resistance, indicate that mec genes might have a reservoir in Staphylococcus species from animals. Thus it is important also to screen wildlife isolates for mec genes. Here, we describe mecC-positive Staphylococcus aureus (ST130-MRSA-XI) and the lesions related to the infection in two diseased free-ranging European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). One was found dead in 2003 in central Sweden, and suffered from S. aureus septicaemia. The other one, found on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea in 2011, showed a severe dermatitis and was euthanised. ST130-MRSA-XI isolates were isolated from lesions from both hedgehogs and were essentially identical to previously described isolates from humans. Both isolates carried the complete SCCmec XI element. They lacked the lukF-PV/lukS-PV and lukM/lukF-P83 genes, but harboured a gene for an exfoliative toxin homologue previously described from Staphylococcus hyicus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and other S. aureus of the CC130 lineage. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of CC130-MRSA-XI in hedgehogs. Given that one of the samples was taken as early as 2003, this was the earliest detection of this strain and of mecC in Sweden. This and several other recent observations suggest that CC130 might be a zoonotic lineage of S. aureus and that SCCmec XI/mecC may have originated from animal pathogens.

The Intrinsic Pathway of Coagulation as a Target for Antithrombotic Therapy

PubMed Central

Wheeler, Allison P.; Gailani, David

2016-01-01

Plasma coagulation in the activated partial thromboplastin time assay is initiated by sequential activation of coagulation factors XII, XI and IX – the classical intrinsic pathway of coagulation. It is well recognized that this series of proteolytic reactions is not an accurate model for hemostasis in vivo, as factor XII deficiency does not cause abnormal bleeding, and fXI deficiency causes a relatively mild propensity to bleed excessively with injury. Despite their limited roles in hemostasis, there is mounting evidence that fXI and fXII contribute to thrombosis, and that inhibiting them can produce an antithrombotic effect with a relatively small effect on hemostasis. In this chapter the contributions of components of the intrinsic pathway to thrombosis in animal models and humans are discussed, and results of early clinical trials of drugs targeting factors IX, XI and XII are presented. PMID:27637310

How cosmic microwave background correlations at large angles relate to mass autocorrelations in space

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blumenthal, George R.; Johnston, Kathryn V.

1994-01-01

The Sachs-Wolfe effect is known to produce large angular scale fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) due to gravitational potential fluctuations. We show how the angular correlation function of the CMBR can be expressed explicitly in terms of the mass autocorrelation function xi(r) in the universe. We derive analytic expressions for the angular correlation function and its multipole moments in terms of integrals over xi(r) or its second moment, J(sub 3)(r), which does not need to satisfy the sort of integral constraint that xi(r) must. We derive similar expressions for bulk flow velocity in terms of xi and J(sub 3). One interesting result that emerges directly from this analysis is that, for all angles theta, there is a substantial contribution to the correlation function from a wide range of distance r and that radial shape of this contribution does not vary greatly with angle.

Identification and functional activity of a staphylocoagulase type XI variant originating from staphylococcal food poisoning isolates.

PubMed

Suzuki, Y; Matsushita, S; Kubota, H; Kobayashi, M; Murauchi, K; Higuchi, Y; Kato, R; Hirai, A; Sadamasu, K

2016-09-01

Staphylocoagulase, an extracellular protein secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, has been used as an epidemiological marker. At least 12 serotypes and 24 genotypes subdivided on the basis of nucleotide sequence have been reported to date. In this study, we identified a novel staphylocoagulase nucleotide sequence, coa310, from staphylococcal food poisoning isolates that had the ability to coagulate plasma, but could not be typed using the conventional method. The protein encoded by coa310 contained the six fundamental conserved domains of staphylocoagulase. The full-length nucleotide sequence of coa310 shared the highest similarity (77·5%) with that of staphylocoagulase-type (SCT) XIa. The sequence of the D1 region, which would be responsible for the determination of SCT, shared the highest similarity (91·8%) with that of SCT XIa. These results suggest that coa310 is a novel variant of SCT XI. Moreover, we demonstrated that coa310 encodes a functioning coagulase, by confirming the coagulating activity of the recombinant protein expressed from coa310. This is the first study to directly demonstrate that Coa310, a putative SCT XI, has coagulating activity. These findings may be useful for the improvement of the staphylocoagulase-typing method, including serotyping and genotyping. This is the first study to identify a novel variant of staphylocoagulase type XI based on its nucleotide sequence and to demonstrate coagulating activity in the variant using a recombinant protein. Elucidation of the variety of staphylocoagulases will provide suggestions for further improvement of the staphylocoagulase-typing method and contribute to our understanding of the epidemiologic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus. © 2016 The Society for Applied Microbiology.

Chondrogenic properties of collagen type XI, a component of cartilage extracellular matrix.

PubMed

Li, Ang; Wei, Yiyong; Hung, Clark; Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana

2018-08-01

Cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) has been used for promoting tissue engineering. However, the exact effects of ECM on chondrogenesis and the acting mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the chondrogenic effects of cartilage ECM on human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and identified the contributing molecular components. To this end, a preparation of articular cartilage ECM was supplemented to pellets of chondrogenically differentiating MSCs, pellets of human chondrocytes, and bovine articular cartilage explants to evaluate the effects on cell proliferation and the production of cartilaginous matrix. Selective enzymatic digestion and screening of ECM components were conducted to identify matrix molecules with chondrogenic properties. Cartilage ECM promoted MSC proliferation, production of cartilaginous matrix, and maturity of chondrogenic differentiation, and inhibited the hypertrophic differentiation of MSC-derived chondrocytes. Selective digestion of ECM components revealed a contributory role of collagens in promoting chondrogenesis. The screening of various collagen subtypes revealed strong chondrogenic effect of collagen type XI. Finally, collagen XI was found to promote production and inhibit degradation of cartilage matrix in human articular chondrocyte pellets and bovine articular cartilage explants. Our results indicate that cartilage ECM promotes chondrogenesis and inhibits hypertrophic differentiation in MSCs. Collagen type XI is the ECM component that has the strongest effects on enhancing the production and inhibiting the degradation of cartilage matrix. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Influence of dose calculation algorithms on the predicted dose distribution and NTCP values for NSCLC patients.

PubMed

Nielsen, Tine B; Wieslander, Elinore; Fogliata, Antonella; Nielsen, Morten; Hansen, Olfred; Brink, Carsten

2011-05-01

To investigate differences in calculated doses and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) values between different dose algorithms. Six dose algorithms from four different treatment planning systems were investigated: Eclipse AAA, Oncentra MasterPlan Collapsed Cone and Pencil Beam, Pinnacle Collapsed Cone and XiO Multigrid Superposition, and Fast Fourier Transform Convolution. Twenty NSCLC patients treated in the period 2001-2006 at the same accelerator were included and the accelerator used for treatments were modeled in the different systems. The treatment plans were recalculated with the same number of monitor units and beam arrangements across the dose algorithms. Dose volume histograms of the GTV, PTV, combined lungs (excluding the GTV), and heart were exported and evaluated. NTCP values for heart and lungs were calculated using the relative seriality model and the LKB model, respectively. Furthermore, NTCP for the lungs were calculated from two different model parameter sets. Calculations and evaluations were performed both including and excluding density corrections. There are found statistical significant differences between the calculated dose to heart, lung, and targets across the algorithms. Mean lung dose and V20 are not very sensitive to change between the investigated dose calculation algorithms. However, the different dose levels for the PTV averaged over the patient population are varying up to 11%. The predicted NTCP values for pneumonitis vary between 0.20 and 0.24 or 0.35 and 0.48 across the investigated dose algorithms depending on the chosen model parameter set. The influence of the use of density correction in the dose calculation on the predicted NTCP values depends on the specific dose calculation algorithm and the model parameter set. For fixed values of these, the changes in NTCP can be up to 45%. Calculated NTCP values for pneumonitis are more sensitive to the choice of algorithm than mean lung dose and V20 which are also commonly used for plan evaluation. The NTCP values for heart complication are, in this study, not very sensitive to the choice of algorithm. Dose calculations based on density corrections result in quite different NTCP values than calculations without density corrections. It is therefore important when working with NTCP planning to use NTCP parameter values based on calculations and treatments similar to those for which the NTCP is of interest.

Determination of unknown coefficient in a non-linear elliptic problem related to the elastoplastic torsion of a bar

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hasanov, Alemdar; Erdem, Arzu

2008-08-01

The inverse problem of determining the unknown coefficient of the non-linear differential equation of torsional creep is studied. The unknown coefficient g = g({xi}2) depends on the gradient{xi} : = |{nabla}u| of the solution u(x), x [isin] {Omega} [sub] Rn, of the direct problem. It is proved that this gradient is bounded in C-norm. This permits one to choose the natural class of admissible coefficients for the considered inverse problem. The continuity in the norm of the Sobolev space H1({Omega}) of the solution u(x;g) of the direct problem with respect to the unknown coefficient g = g({xi}2) is obtained in the following sense: ||u(x;g) - u(x;gm)||1 [->] 0 when gm({eta}) [->] g({eta}) point-wise as m [->] {infty}. Based on these results, the existence of a quasi-solution of the inverse problem in the considered class of admissible coefficients is obtained. Numerical examples related to determination of the unknown coefficient are presented.

Coronal Abundances In Xi Boo A, Abundances in the Corona of FK Aqr and the Origin of Cosmic Ray

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Drake, Jeremy; Oliversen, Ronald J. (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

Both Xi Boo A and FK Agr observations have been acquired, reduced and analysed. The results of the Xi Boo A study were published in ApJ (Drake, J.J., Kashyap, V., 2001, Up, 547, 428). Work is ongoing to determine the coronet metallicity of FK Aqr based on EUVE spectra and DO photometer data, using the techniques developed in the Drake & Kashyap paper. Preliminary synthetic spectra for FK Aqr have been developed, and further work to heap define the hot plasma emission measure distribution is underway. Progress on spectral analysis has been hampered following the post-doctoral scientist, Vinay Kashyap, taking up new position. A suitable replacement has been difficult to find, but new hire is expected shortly. However, good progress has been made on analysis of DO photometric variations in FK Age, with a publication now ready (Kashyap, V., Drake, J.J., Guedel, M., Audard, M.) for submission to a mainstream astrophysical journal.

Asymmetry Studies in the Production of $$\\Lambda^0/\\bar \\Lambda^0$$, $$\\Xi^-/\\bar{\\Xi}^+$$ and $$\\Omega^-/\\bar{\\Omega}^+$$ Hyperons in 500 GeV/c $$\\pi^-$$ - Nucleon Interactions (in Portuguese)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Solano Salinas, Carlos Javier

Using data from fprmilab fixed-target experiment E791, we have measmed for the first time particle/antiparticle production asymmetries formore » $$\\Lambda^0 \\Xi^-$$ and $$\\Omega^-$$ hyperons in $$\\pi^-$$nucleon interactions at 500 GeV /c as joint functions of $$x_F$$ and $$p^2_{\\tau}$$ over the ranges $$-0.12 \\le x_F \\le 0.12$$ and $$0 \\le p^2_{\\tau} \\le 4 (GeV/c)^2$$. There is now direct evidence of a basic asymmetry, even at $$x_F$$ = 0.0, which may be due to associated production. In addition, there are leading-particle-type effects which are qualitativrly like what one would expect from rrcmnbination models or their alternatives. WP used the Dnal Parton Model (DPM) to cakulate the asymmetry for the $$\\Lambda^0$$ and compared with the Lund model (PYTHIA /JETSET) predictions and with om experimental results.« less

Safety evaluation of a human chimeric monoclonal antibody that recognizes the extracellular loop domain of claudin-2.

PubMed

Hashimoto, Yosuke; Hata, Tomoyuki; Tada, Minoru; Iida, Manami; Watari, Akihiro; Okada, Yoshiaki; Doi, Takefumi; Kuniyasu, Hiroki; Yagi, Kiyohito; Kondoh, Masuo

2018-05-30

Claudin-2 (CLDN-2), a pore-forming tight junction protein with a tetra-transmembrane domain, is involved in carcinogenesis and the metastasis of some cancers. Although CLDN-2 is highly expressed in the tight junctions of the liver and kidney, whether CLDN-2 is a safe target for cancer therapy remains unknown. We recently generated a rat monoclonal antibody (mAb, clone 1A2) that recognizes the extracellular domains of human and mouse CLDN-2. Here, we investigated the safety of CLDN-2-targeted cancer therapy by using 1A2 as a model therapeutic antibody. Because most human therapeutic mAbs are IgG1 subtype that can induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, we generated a human-rat chimeric IgG1 form of 1A2 (xi-1A2). xi-1A2 activated Fcγ receptor IIIa in the presence of CLDN-2-expressing cells, indicating that xi-1A2 likely exerts antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. At 24 h after its intravenous injection, xi-1A2 was distributed into the liver, kidney, and tumor tissues of mice bearing CLDN-2-expressing fibrosarcoma cells. Treatment of the xenografted mice with xi-1A2 attenuated tumor growth without apparent adverse effects, such as changes in body weight and biochemical markers of liver and kidney injury. These results support xi-1A2 as the lead candidate mAb for safe CLDN-2-targeted cancer therapy. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Operative technique and early experience for robotic-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (RALNU) using da Vinci Xi.

PubMed

Darwiche, Fadi; Swain, Sanjaya; Kallingal, George; Punnen, Sanoj; Manoharan, Murugesan; Parekh, Dipen J; Gonzalgo, Mark L

2015-01-01

Robotic-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (RALNU) has been previously utilized for management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma. The da Vinci Xi surgical system was released in April of 2014. We describe our operative technique and early experience for RALNU using the da Vinci Xi system highlighting unique features of this surgical platform. A total of 10 patients with a diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma underwent RALNU using the da Vinci Xi system between April and November of 2014. A novel, oblique "in line" robotic trocar configuration was utilized to access the upper abdomen (nephrectomy portion) and pelvis (bladder cuff excision) without undocking. The port hopping feature of da Vinci Xi was utilized to facilitate optimal, multi-quadrant visualization during RALNU. Robotic-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was successfully completed without open conversion in all 10 patients. Mean operative time was 184 min (range 140-300 min), mean estimated blood loss was 121 cc (range 60-300 cc), and mean hospital stay was 2.4 days. Final pathology demonstrated high grade urothelial carcinoma in all patients. Surgical margins were negative in all patients. No intra-operative complications were encountered. One patient developed a pulmonary embolus after being discharged. No patients required a blood transfusion. Mean patient follow-up was 130 days (range 15-210 days). The use of da Vinci Xi with a novel, oblique "in line" port configuration and camera port hopping technique allows for an efficient and reproducible method for RALNU without the need for repositioning the patient or the robot during surgery.

Localized N, {lambda}, {sigma}, and {xi} single-particle potentials in finite nuclei calculated with SU{sub 6} quark-model baryon-baryon interactions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kohno, M.; Fujiwara, Y.

Localized single-particle potentials for all octet baryons, N, {lambda}, {sigma}, and {xi}, in finite nuclei, {sup 12}C, {sup 16}O, {sup 28}Si, {sup 40}Ca, {sup 56}Fe, and {sup 90}Zr, are calculated using the quark-model baryon-baryon interactions. G matrices evaluated in symmetric nuclear matter in the lowest order Brueckner theory (LOBT) are applied to finite nuclei in local density approximation. Nonlocal potentials are localized by a zero-momentum Wigner transformation. Empirical single-particle properties of the nucleon and the {lambda} hyperon in a nuclear medium have been known to be explained semiquantitatively in the LOBT framework. Attention is focused in the present consideration onmore » predictions for the {sigma} and {xi} hyperons. The unified description for the octet baryon-baryon interactions by the SU{sub 6} quark model enables us to obtain less ambiguous extrapolation to the S=-1 and S=-2 sectors based on the knowledge in the NN sector than other potential models. The {sigma} mean field is shown to be weakly attractive at the surface, but turns out to be repulsive inside, which is consistent with the experimental evidence. The {xi} hyperon s.p. potential is also attractive at the nuclear surface region, and inside it fluctuates around zero. Hence {xi} hypernuclear bound states are unlikely. We also evaluate energy shifts of the {sigma}{sup -} and {xi}{sup -} atomic levels in {sup 28}Si and {sup 56}Fe, using the calculated s.p. potentials.« less

What Is Combined Deficiency of Vitamin K-Dependent Clotting Factors?

MedlinePlus

... Deficiency Factor V Deficiency Combined FV & FVIII Deficiencies Factor VII Deficiency Factor X Deficiency Factor XI Deficiency Factor ... Deficiency Factor V Deficiency Combined FV & FVIII Deficiencies Factor VII Deficiency Factor X Deficiency Factor XI Deficiency Factor ...

Estimation of snowpack matching ground-truth data and MODIS satellite-based observations by using regression kriging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Juan Collados-Lara, Antonio; Pardo-Iguzquiza, Eulogio; Pulido-Velazquez, David

2016-04-01

The estimation of Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) is essential for an appropriate assessment of the available water resources in Alpine catchment. The hydrologic regime in these areas is dominated by the storage of water in the snowpack, which is discharged to rivers throughout the melt season. An accurate estimation of the resources will be necessary for an appropriate analysis of the system operation alternatives using basin scale management models. In order to obtain an appropriate estimation of the SWE we need to know the spatial distribution snowpack and snow density within the Snow Cover Area (SCA). Data for these snow variables can be extracted from in-situ point measurements and air-borne/space-borne remote sensing observations. Different interpolation and simulation techniques have been employed for the estimation of the cited variables. In this paper we propose to estimate snowpack from a reduced number of ground-truth data (1 or 2 campaigns per year with 23 observation point from 2000-2014) and MODIS satellite-based observations in the Sierra Nevada Mountain (Southern Spain). Regression based methodologies has been used to study snowpack distribution using different kind of explicative variables: geographic, topographic, climatic. 40 explicative variables were considered: the longitude, latitude, altitude, slope, eastness, northness, radiation, maximum upwind slope and some mathematical transformation of each of them [Ln(v), (v)^-1; (v)^2; (v)^0.5). Eight different structure of regression models have been tested (combining 1, 2, 3 or 4 explicative variables). Y=B0+B1Xi (1); Y=B0+B1XiXj (2); Y=B0+B1Xi+B2Xj (3); Y=B0+B1Xi+B2XjXl (4); Y=B0+B1XiXk+B2XjXl (5); Y=B0+B1Xi+B2Xj+B3Xl (6); Y=B0+B1Xi+B2Xj+B3XlXk (7); Y=B0+B1Xi+B2Xj+B3Xl+B4Xk (8). Where: Y is the snow depth; (Xi, Xj, Xl, Xk) are the prediction variables (any of the 40 variables); (B0, B1, B2, B3) are the coefficients to be estimated. The ground data are employed to calibrate the multiple regressions. In order to assess the goodness of fit for the models (from 1 to 8) for each of the possible variables (from 1 to 40) the next indices have been selected: negative log-likelohood function; Correlation Coefficient; Adjusted Correlation Coefficient; Akaike information criterion; Bayesian information criterion; Kashyap information criterion. The last five of them take into account the parsimony of the models. A multi-objective analysis has been employed in order to identify the bets models and predictive variables in accordance with those indices. The "inferior" models in terms of goodness of fit were identified (dominated solutions, using the terminology of multi-objective analysis) and eliminated. A kriging of the residual has been also performed. The snow domain is constrained in accordance with the snow cover area deduced from MODIS data. The Results obtained show that the model 7 is the only one that is not eliminated in any campaign. The main explicative variables in these models are: altitude (used in 91% of campaigns), northness (used in 72% of campaigns), latitude (used in 45% of campaigns) and longitude (used in 45% of campaigns). Acknowledgments: This research has been partially supported by the GESINHIMPADAPT project (CGL2013-48424-C2-2-R) with Spanish MINECO funds. We would also like to thank ERHIN program and NASA DAAC for the data provided for this study.

Multistrange baryon production in Au-Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=130 GeV.

PubMed

Adams, J; Adler, C; Aggarwal, M M; Ahammed, Z; Amonett, J; Anderson, B D; Arkhipkin, D; Averichev, G S; Bai, Y; Balewski, J; Barannikova, O; Barnby, L S; Baudot, J; Bekele, S; Belaga, V V; Bellwied, R; Berger, J; Bezverkhny, B I; Bharadwaj, S; Bhatia, V S; Bichsel, H; Bland, L C; Blyth, C O; Bonner, B E; Botje, M; Boucham, A; Brandin, A; Bravar, A; Cadman, R V; Cai, X Z; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M; Carroll, J; Castillo, J; Cebra, D; Chaloupka, P; Chattopdhyay, S; Chen, H F; Chen, Y; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chikanian, A; Christie, W; Coffin, J P; Cormier, T M; Cramer, J G; Crawford, H J; Das, D; Das, S; de Moura, M M; Derevschikov, A A; Didenko, L; Dietel, T; Dong, W J; Dong, X; Draper, J E; Du, F; Dubey, A K; Dunin, V B; Dunlop, J C; Dutta Mazumdar, M R; Eckardt, V; Efimov, L G; Emelianov, V; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Erazmus, B; Estienne, M; Fachini, P; Faivre, J; Fatemi, R; Fedorisin, J; Filimonov, K; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fine, V; Fisyak, Y; Flierl, D; Foley, K J; Fomenko, K; Fu, J; Gagliardi, C A; Gans, J; Ganti, M S; Gaudichet, L; Geurts, F; Ghazikhanian, V; Ghosh, P; Gonzalez, J E; Grachov, O; Grebenyuk, O; Gronstal, S; Grosnick, D; Guertin, S M; Gupta, A; Gutierrez, T D; Hallman, T J; Hamed, A; Hardtke, D; Harris, J W; Heinz, M; Henry, T W; Hepplemann, S; Hippolyte, B; Hirsch, A; Hjort, E; Hoffmann, G W; Huang, H Z; Huang, S L; Hughes, E; Humanic, T J; Igo, G; Ishihara, A; Jacobs, P; Jacobs, W W; Janik, M; Jiang, H; Jones, P G; Judd, E G; Kabana, S; Kang, K; Kaplan, M; Keane, D; Khodyrev, V Yu; Kiryluk, J; Kisiel, A; Kislov, E M; Klay, J; Klein, S R; Klyachko, A; Koetke, D D; Kollegger, T; Kopytine, M; Kotchenda, L; Kramer, M; Kravtsov, P; Kravtsov, V I; Krueger, K; Kuhn, C; Kulikov, A I; Kumar, A; Kunz, C L; Kutuev, R Kh; Kuznetsov, A A; Lamont, M A C; Landgraf, J M; Lange, S; Lansdell, C L; Laue, F; Lauret, J; Lebedev, A; Lednicky, R; Lehocka, S; LeVine, M J; Li, C; Li, Q; Li, Y; Lindenbaum, S J; Lisa, M A; Liu, F; Liu, L; Liu, Q J; Liu, Z; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Long, H; Longacre, R S; Lopez-Noriega, M; Love, W A; Ludlam, T; Lynn, D; Ma, G L; Ma, J G; Ma, Y G; Magestro, D; Mahajan, S; Mahapatra, D P; Majka, R; Mangotra, L K; Manweiler, R; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Martin, L; Marx, J N; Matis, H S; Matulenko, Yu A; McClain, C J; McShane, T S; Meissner, F; Melnick, Yu; Meschanin, A; Miller, M L; Milosevich, Z; Minaev, N G; Mironov, C; Mischke, A; Mishra, D; Mitchell, J; Mohanty, B; Molnar, L; Moore, C F; Mora-Corral, M J; Morozov, D A; Morozov, V; Munhoz, M G; Nandi, B K; Nayak, T K; Nelson, J M; Netrakanti, P K; Nikitin, V A; Nogach, L V; Norman, B; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, G; Ogawa, A; Okorokov, V; Oldenburg, M; Olson, D; Pal, S K; Panebratsev, Y; Panitkin, S Y; Pavlinov, A I; Pawlak, T; Peitzmann, T; Perevoztchikov, V; Perkins, C; Peryt, W; Petrov, V A; Phatak, S C; Picha, R; Planinic, M; Pluta, J; Porile, N; Porter, J; Poskanzer, A M; Potekhin, M; Potrebenikova, E; Potukuchi, B V K S; Prindle, D; Pruneau, C; Putschke, J; Rai, G; Rakness, G; Raniwala, R; Raniwala, S; Ravel, O; Ray, R L; Razin, S V; Reichhold, D; Reid, J G; Renault, G; Retiere, F; Ridiger, A; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevskiy, O V; Romero, J L; Rose, A; Ruan, L; Sakrejda, I; Salur, S; Sandweiss, J; Savin, I; Sazhin, P S; Schambach, J; Scharenberg, R P; Schmitz, N; Schroeder, L S; Schweda, K; Seger, J; Seyboth, P; Shahaliev, E; Shao, M; Shao, W; Sharma, M; Shen, W Q; Shestermanov, K E; Shimanskiy, S S; Simon, F; Singaraju, R N; Skoro, G; Smirnov, N; Snellings, R; Sood, G; Sorensen, P; Sowinski, J; Speltz, J; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; St Claire, L; Stadnik, A; Stock, R; Stolpovsky, A; Strikhanov, M; Stringfellow, B; Struck, C; Suaide, A A P; Sugarbaker, E; Suire, C; Sumbera, M; Surrow, B; Symons, T J M; Szanto de Toledo, A; Szarwas, P; Tai, A; Takahashi, J; Tang, A H; Thein, D; Thomas, J H; Timoshenko, S; Tokarev, M; Trainor, T A; Trentalange, S; Tribble, R E; Tsai, O; Ullrich, T; Underwood, D G; Urkinbaev, A; Van Buren, G; Vander Molen, A M; Varma, R; Vasilevski, I M; Vasiliev, A N; Vernet, R; Vigdor, S E; Viyogi, V P; Vokal, S; Vznuzdaev, M; Waggoner, B; Wang, F; Wang, G; Wang, G; Wang, X L; Wang, Y; Wang, Y; Wang, Z M; Ward, H; Webb, J C; Wells, R; Westfall, G D; Wetzler, A; Whitten, C; Wieman, H; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Wood, J; Wu, J; Xu, N; Xu, Z; Xu, Z; Yamamoto, E; Yepes, P; Yurevich, V I; Zanevsky, Y V; Zhang, H; Zhang, Z P; Zolnierczuk, P A; Zoulkarneev, R; Zoulkarneeva, Y; Zubarev, A N

2004-05-07

The transverse mass spectra and midrapidity yields for Xis and Omegas are presented. For the 10% most central collisions, the (-)Xi(+)/h(-) ratio increases from the Super Proton Synchrotron to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider energies while the Xi(-)/h(-) stays approximately constant. A hydrodynamically inspired model fit to the Xi spectra, which assumes a thermalized source, seems to indicate that these multistrange particles experience a significant transverse flow effect, but are emitted when the system is hotter and the flow is smaller than values obtained from a combined fit to pi, K, p, and Lambdas.

Shock conditions and shock wave structures in a steady flow in a dissipative fluid

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Germain, P.; Guiraud, J. P.

1983-01-01

More precisely, calling xi the reciprocal of the Reynolds number based on the shock wave curvature radius, the xi terms of the first order are systematically taken into account. The most important result is a system of formulas giving a correction of order xi for the various RANKINE-HUGONIOT conditions. The suggested formulas may for instance have to be used instead of the conventional ones to evaluate the loss of the total pressure across the detached shock wave which is found at the nose of a very small probe in supersonic flow.

Loss of Xist RNA from the inactive X during B cell development is restored in a dynamic YY1-dependent two-step process in activated B cells

PubMed Central

Syrett, Camille M.; Sindhava, Vishal; Hodawadekar, Suchita; Myles, Arpita; Liang, Guanxiang; Zhang, Yue; Nandi, Satabdi; Cancro, Michael; Atchison, Michael

2017-01-01

X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in female lymphocytes is uniquely regulated, as the inactive X (Xi) chromosome lacks localized Xist RNA and heterochromatin modifications. Epigenetic profiling reveals that Xist RNA is lost from the Xi at the pro-B cell stage and that additional heterochromatic modifications are gradually lost during B cell development. Activation of mature B cells restores Xist RNA and heterochromatin to the Xi in a dynamic two-step process that differs in timing and pattern, depending on the method of B cell stimulation. Finally, we find that DNA binding domain of YY1 is necessary for XCI in activated B cells, as ex-vivo YY1 deletion results in loss of Xi heterochromatin marks and up-regulation of X-linked genes. Ectopic expression of the YY1 zinc finger domain is sufficient to restore Xist RNA localization during B cell activation. Together, our results indicate that Xist RNA localization is critical for maintaining XCI in female lymphocytes, and that chromatin changes on the Xi during B cell development and the dynamic nature of YY1-dependent XCI maintenance in mature B cells predisposes X-linked immunity genes to reactivation. PMID:28991910

Conversion of partially reprogrammed cells to fully pluripotent stem cells is associated with further activation of stem cell maintenance- and gamete generation-related genes.

PubMed

Kim, Jong Soo; Choi, Hyun Woo; Choi, Sol; Seo, Han Geuk; Moon, Sung-Hwan; Chung, Hyung-Min; Do, Jeong Tae

2014-11-01

Somatic cells are reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by overexpression of a combination of defined transcription factors. We generated iPSCs from mouse embryonic fibroblasts (with Oct4-GFP reporter) by transfection of pCX-OSK-2A (Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4) and pCX-cMyc vectors. We could generate partially reprogrammed cells (XiPS-7), which maintained more than 20 passages in a partially reprogrammed state; the cells expressed Nanog but were Oct4-GFP negative. When the cells were transferred to serum-free medium (with serum replacement and basic fibroblast growth factor), the XiPS-7 cells converted to Oct4-GFP-positive iPSCs (XiPS-7c, fully reprogrammed cells) with ESC-like properties. During the conversion of XiPS-7 to XiPS-7c, we found several clusters of slowly reprogrammed genes, which were activated at later stages of reprogramming. Our results suggest that partial reprogrammed cells can be induced to full reprogramming status by serum-free medium, in which stem cell maintenance- and gamete generation-related genes were upregulated. These long-term expandable partially reprogrammed cells can be used to verify the mechanism of reprogramming.

PRA and Risk Informed Analysis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bernsen, Sidney A.; Simonen, Fredric A.; Balkey, Kenneth R.

2006-01-01

The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) has introduced a risk based approach into Section XI that covers Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components. The risk based approach requires application of the probabilistic risk assessments (PRA). Because no industry consensus standard existed for PRAs, ASME has developed a standard to evaluate the quality level of an available PRA needed to support a given risk based application. The paper describes the PRA standard, Section XI application of PRAs, and plans for broader applications of PRAs to other ASME nuclear codesmore » and standards. The paper addresses several specific topics of interest to Section XI. Important consideration are special methods (surrogate components) used to overcome the lack of PRA treatments of passive components in PRAs. The approach allows calculations of conditional core damage probabilities both for component failures that cause initiating events and failures in standby systems that decrease the availability of these systems. The paper relates the explicit risk based methods of the new Section XI code cases to the implicit consideration of risk used in the development of Section XI. Other topics include the needed interactions of ISI engineers, plant operating staff, PRA specialists, and members of expert panels that review the risk based programs.« less

Binding Energy and Catalysis by D-Xylose Isomerase: Kinetic, Product and X-Ray Crystallographic Analysis of Enzyme-Catalyzed Isomerization of (R)-Glyceraldehyde‡, ¶

PubMed Central

Toteva, Maria M.; Silvaggi, Nicholas R.; Allen, Karen N.; Richard, John P.

2011-01-01

D-Xylose isomerase (XI) and triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) catalyze the aldose-ketose isomerization reactions of D-xylose and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (DGAP), respectively. D-Glyceraldehyde (DGA) is the triose fragment common to the substrates for XI and TIM. The XI-catalyzed isomerization of DGA to give dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in D2O was monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy and kcat/Km = 0.034 M−1 s−1 was determined for this isomerization at pD 7.0. This is similar to kcat/Km = 0.017 M−1 s−1 for the TIM-catalyzed carbon deprotonation reaction of DGA in D2O at pD 7.0 [Amyes, T. L.; O’Donoghue, A. C. and Richard J. P. (2001) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 11325–11326]. The much larger activation barrier for XI-catalyzed isomerization of D-xylose (kcat/Km = 490 M−1 s−1) than for the TIM-catalyzed isomerization of DGAP (kcat/Km = 9.6 x 106 M−1 s−1) is due to: (i) The larger barrier to conversion of cyclic D-xylose to the reactive linear sugar (5.4 kcal/mol) than for conversion of DGAP hydrate to the free aldehyde (1.7 kcal/mol). (ii) The smaller intrinsic binding energy [Jencks, W. P. (1975) Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 43, 219–410] of the terminal ethylene glycol fragment of D-xylose (9.3 kcal/mol) than of the phosphodianion group of DGAP (ca. 12 kcal/mol). The XI-catalyzed isomerization of DGA in D2O at pD 7.0 gives a 90% yield of [1-1H]-DHA and a 10% yield of [1-2H]-DHA, the product of isomerization with deuterium incorporation from solvent D2O. By comparison, the transfer of 3H from labeled hexose substrate to solvent is observed only once in every 109 turnovers for the XI-catalyzed isomerization of [2-3H]-glucose in H2O [Allen, K. N., Lavie, A., Farber, G. K., Glasfeld, A., Petsko, G. A., and Ringe, D. (1994), Biochemistry 33, 1481–1487]. We propose that truncation of the terminal ethylene glycol fragment of D-xylose to give DGA results in a large decrease in the rate of XI-catalyzed isomerization with hydride transfer compared with that for proton transfer. An ultra-high resolution (0.97 Å) X-ray crystal structure was determined for the complex obtained by soaking crystals of XI with 50 mM DGA. The triose binds to XI as the unreactive hydrate, but ligand binding induces metal cofactor movement and conformational changes in active site residues similar to those observed for XI•sugar complexes. PMID:21995300

Multiwavelength observations of magnetic fields and related activity on XI Bootis A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Saar, Steven H.; Huovelin, J.; Linsky, Jeffrey L.; Giampapa, Mark S.; Jordan, Carole

1988-01-01

Preliminary results of coordinated observations of magnetic fields and related activity on the active dwarf, Xi Boo A, are presented. Combining the magnetic fluxes with the linear polarization data, a simple map of the stellar active regions is constructed.

[Who exactly are these "persons with limitations in daily living skills"? : Survey of insured persons based on health insurance data].

PubMed

Runte, Rebecca; Müller, Rolf

2016-12-01

In recent years German long-term care insurance coverage has gradually been extended to include services for people with limitations in daily living skills. Until now, however, it was unclear who exactly people with limited daily living skills are. The study aimed to characterize people with limited daily living skills who use additional support services as defined by § 45b of the Social Services Code XI (SGB XI). This study was based on a survey of 1284 people with limited daily living skills who used additional support services (§ 45b SGB XI). The data were analyzed descriptively. The average recipient was 81 years old, mainly in care level I and the majority of them were exclusively cared for by relatives. Of these recipients 61 % were diagnosed with dementia, 73.4 % had medium cognitive impairments while more than half could no longer carry out the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Statistics on people with limited daily living skills should be included in publications and reports so that the need for care and assistance can be estimated more precisely.

Neutral B-meson mixing from three-flavor lattice QCD: Determination of the SU(3)-breaking ratio \\xi

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bazavov, A.; /Brookhaven; Bernard, C.

We study SU(3)-breaking effects in the neutral B{sub d}-{bar B}{sub d} and B{sub s}-{bar B}{sub s} systems with unquenched N{sub t}=2+1 lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD). We calculate the relevant matrix elements on the MILC collaboration's gauge configurations with asqtad-improved staggered sea quarks. For the valence light-quarks (u, d, and s) we use the asqtad action, while for b quarks we use the Fermilab action. We obtain {xi}=f{sub B{sub s}} {radical}{ovr B{sub B{sub s}}}/f{sub B{sub d}}{radical}{ovr B{sub B{sub d}}}=1.268{+-}0.063. We also present results for the ratio of bag parameters B{sub B{sub s}}/B{sub B{sub d}} and the ratio of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elementsmore » |V{sub td}|/|V{sub ts}|. Although we focus on the calculation of {xi}, the strategy and techniques described here will be employed in future extended studies of the B mixing parameters {Delta}M{sub d,s} and {Delta}{Gamma}{sub d,s} in the standard model and beyond.« less

Early clinical experience with the da Vinci Xi Surgical System in general surgery.

PubMed

Hagen, Monika E; Jung, Minoa K; Ris, Frederic; Fakhro, Jassim; Buchs, Nicolas C; Buehler, Leo; Morel, Philippe

2017-09-01

The da Vinci Xi Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) has been released in 2014 to facilitate minimally invasive surgery. Novel features are targeted towards facilitating complex multi-quadrant procedures, but data is scarce so far. Perioperative data of patients who underwent robotic general surgery with the da Vinci Xi system within the first 6 month after installation were collected and analyzed. The gastric bypass procedures performed with the da Vinci Xi Surgical System were compared to an equal amount of the last procedures with the da Vinci Si Surgical System. Thirty-one foregut (28 Roux-en-Y gastric bypasses), 6 colorectal procedures and 1 revisional biliary procedure were performed. The mean operating room (OR) time was 221.8 (±69.0) minutes for gastric bypasses and 306.5 (±48.8) for colorectal procedures with mean docking time of 9.4 (±3.8) minutes. The gastric bypass procedure was transitioned from a hybrid to a fully robotic approach. In comparison to the last 28 gastric bypass procedures performed with the da Vinci Si Surgical System, the OR time was comparable (226.9 versus 230.6 min, p = 0.8094), but the docking time significantly longer with the da Vinci Xi Surgical System (8.5 versus 6.1 min, p = 0.0415). All colorectal procedures were performed with a single robotic docking. No intraoperative and two postoperative complications occurred. The da Vinci Xi might facilitate single-setups of totally robotic gastric bypass and colorectal surgeries. However, further comparable research is needed to clearly determine the significance of this latest version of the da Vinci Surgical System.

Measurements of lateral penumbra for uniform scanning proton beams under various beam delivery conditions and comparison to the XiO treatment planning system

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rana, Suresh; Zeidan, Omar; Ramirez, Eric

2013-09-15

Purpose: The main purposes of this study were to (1) investigate the dependency of lateral penumbra (80%–20% distance) of uniform scanning proton beams on various factors such as air gap, proton range, modulation width, compensator thickness, and depth, and (2) compare the lateral penumbra calculated by a treatment planning system (TPS) with measurements.Methods: First, lateral penumbra was measured using solid–water phantom and radiographic films for (a) air gap, ranged from 0 to 35 cm, (b) proton range, ranged from 8 to 30 cm, (c) modulation, ranged from 2 to 10 cm, (d) compensator thickness, ranged from 0 to 20 cm,more » and (e) depth, ranged from 7 to 15 cm. Second, dose calculations were computed in a virtual water phantom using the XiO TPS with pencil beam algorithm for identical beam conditions and geometrical configurations that were used for the measurements. The calculated lateral penumbra was then compared with the measured one for both the horizontal and vertical scanning magnets of our uniform scanning proton beam delivery system.Results: The results in the current study showed that the lateral penumbra of horizontal scanning magnet was larger (up to 1.4 mm for measurement and up to 1.0 mm for TPS) compared to that of vertical scanning magnet. Both the TPS and measurements showed an almost linear increase in lateral penumbra with increasing air gap as it produced the greatest effect on lateral penumbra. Lateral penumbra was dependent on the depth and proton range. Specifically, the width of lateral penumbra was found to be always lower at shallower depth than at deeper depth within the spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) region. The lateral penumbra results were less sensitive to the variation in the thickness of compensator, whereas lateral penumbra was independent of modulation. Overall, the comparison between the results of TPS with that of measurements indicates a good agreement for lateral penumbra, with TPS predicting higher values compared to measurements.Conclusions: Lateral penumbra of uniform scanning proton beams depends on air gap, proton range, compensator thickness, and depth, whereas lateral penumbra is not dependent on modulation. The XiO TPS typically overpredicted lateral penumbra compared to measurements, within 1 mm for most cases, but the difference could be up to 2.5 mm at a deep depth and large air gap.« less

SU-E-T-50: Automatic Validation of Megavoltage Beams Modeled for Clinical Use in Radiation Therapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Melchior, M; Salinas Aranda, F; 21st Century Oncology, Ft. Myers, FL

2014-06-01

Purpose: To automatically validate megavoltage beams modeled in XiO™ 4.50 (Elekta, Stockholm, Sweden) and Varian Eclipse™ Treatment Planning Systems (TPS) (Varian Associates, Palo Alto, CA, USA), reducing validation time before beam-on for clinical use. Methods: A software application that can automatically read and analyze DICOM RT Dose and W2CAD files was developed using MatLab integrated development environment.TPS calculated dose distributions, in DICOM RT Dose format, and dose values measured in different Varian Clinac beams, in W2CAD format, were compared. Experimental beam data used were those acquired for beam commissioning, collected on a water phantom with a 2D automatic beam scanningmore » system.Two methods were chosen to evaluate dose distributions fitting: gamma analysis and point tests described in Appendix E of IAEA TECDOC-1583. Depth dose curves and beam profiles were evaluated for both open and wedged beams. Tolerance parameters chosen for gamma analysis are 3% and 3 mm dose and distance, respectively.Absolute dose was measured independently at points proposed in Appendix E of TECDOC-1583 to validate software results. Results: TPS calculated depth dose distributions agree with measured beam data under fixed precision values at all depths analyzed. Measured beam dose profiles match TPS calculated doses with high accuracy in both open and wedged beams. Depth and profile dose distributions fitting analysis show gamma values < 1. Relative errors at points proposed in Appendix E of TECDOC-1583 meet therein recommended tolerances.Independent absolute dose measurements at points proposed in Appendix E of TECDOC-1583 confirm software results. Conclusion: Automatic validation of megavoltage beams modeled for their use in the clinic was accomplished. The software tool developed proved efficient, giving users a convenient and reliable environment to decide whether to accept or not a beam model for clinical use. Validation time before beam-on for clinical use was reduced to a few hours.« less

Department of the Air Force Supporting Data for Fiscal Year 1981, Budget Estimates Submitted to Congress January 1980, Descriptive Summaries, Research, Development, Test and Evaluation

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-01-01

4J y 03 C 4-1 y 0 y c c 3 0) 41 es y tfl JB > HH > 3 < « c I c: 4-1 u- •H 3 y 1 03 •iH X 03 c •H c 0 c 0 "v. X C -rl 3X3 01 0 ■H r- 01 E...Of u as 4-> 0 H C t< HH 0 00 rH £ Xi .*• XI x < oi a c xi a 0 u ü y • XI 4» 01 1 <H 44 JB • <s CS — •o CO it — cj...o o o a 3 cd •H O CO 4J a eu X ft.-* « U 4J pu u 14.4 CO ri -H H 44 O U H HH JB pB au 4J u P. id ft. B OH 41

Particle Identification in Nuclear Emulsion by Measuring Multiple Coulomb Scattering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Than Tint, Khin; Nakazawa, Kazuma; Yoshida, Junya; Kyaw Soe, Myint; Mishina, Akihiro; Kinbara, Shinji; Itoh, Hiroki; Endo, Yoko; Kobayashi, Hidetaka; E07 Collaboration

2014-09-01

We are developing particle identification techniques for single charged particles such as Xi, proton, K and π by measuring multiple Coulomb scattering in nuclear emulsion. Nuclear emulsion is the best three dimensional detector for double strangeness (S = -2) nuclear system. We expect to accumulate about 10000 Xi-minus stop events which produce double lambda hypernucleus in J-PARC E07 emulsion counter hybrid experiment. The purpose of this particle identification (PID) in nuclear emulsion is to purify Xi-minus stop events which gives information about production probability of double hypernucleus and branching ratio of decay mode. Amount of scattering parameterized as angular distribution and second difference is inversely proportional to the momentum of particle. We produced several thousands of various charged particle tracks in nuclear emulsion stack via Geant4 simulation. In this talk, PID with some measuring methods for multiple scattering will be discussed by comparing with simulation data and real Xi-minus stop events in KEK-E373 experiment.

Port positioning and docking for single-stage totally robotic dissection for rectal cancer surgery with the Si and Xi Da Vinci Surgical System.

PubMed

Toh, James Wei Tatt; Kim, Seon-Hahn

2017-11-04

We have previously reported our technique of single-docking totally robotic dissection for rectal cancer surgery using the Da Vinci ® Si Surgical System in 2009. However, we have since optimised our port placement for the Si system and have developed a novel configuration of port placement and docking for the Da Vinci ® Xi Surgical System. We have performed over 700 cases using this technique with the Si system and have used our Xi technique since 2016 for totally robotic dissection for rectal cancer. We have kept the configuration of port placements for both the Xi and Si system as similar as possible, with the priorities to avoid arm collisions as well as to provide a workable port configuration of two left-handed instruments and one right-handed instrument. To date, there have had no major complications or arm collisions related to this technique of docking, port positioning and instrument placement.

Insight into the da Vinci® Xi - technical notes for single-docking left-sided colorectal procedures.

PubMed

Ngu, James Chi-Yong; Sim, Sarah; Yusof, Sulaiman; Ng, Chee-Yung; Wong, Andrew Siang-Yih

2017-12-01

The adoption of robot-assisted laparoscopic colorectal surgery has been hampered by issues with docking, operative duration, technical difficulties in multi-quadrant access, and cost. The da Vinci® Xi has been designed to overcome some of these limitations. We describe our experience with the system and offer technical insights to its application in left-sided colorectal procedures. Our initial series of left-sided robotic colorectal procedures was evaluated. Patient demographics and operative outcomes were recorded prospectively using a predefined database. Between March 2015 and April 2016, 54 cases of robot-assisted laparoscopic left-sided colorectal procedures were successfully completed with no cases of conversion. The majority were low anterior resections for colorectal malignancies. Using the da Vinci® Xi Surgical System, multi-quadrant surgery involving dissection from the splenic flexure to the pelvis was possible without redocking. The da Vinci® Xi simplifies the docking procedure and makes single-docking feasible for multi-quadrant left-sided colorectal procedures. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Factor XI and XII as antithrombotic targets.

PubMed

Müller, Felicitas; Gailani, David; Renné, Thomas

2011-09-01

Arterial and venous thrombosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality, and the incidence of thromboembolic diseases increases as a population ages. Thrombi are formed by activated platelets and fibrin. The latter is a product of the plasma coagulation system. Currently available anticoagulants such as heparins, vitamin K antagonists and inhibitors of thrombin or factor Xa target enzymes of the coagulation cascade that are critical for fibrin formation. However, fibrin is also necessary for terminating blood loss at sites of vascular injury. As a result, anticoagulants currently in clinical use increase the risk of bleeding, partially offsetting the benefits of reduced thrombosis. This review focuses on new targets for anticoagulation that are associated with minimal or no therapy-associated increased bleeding. Data from experimental models using mice and clinical studies of patients with hereditary deficiencies of coagulation factors XI or XII have shown that both of these clotting factors are important for thrombosis, while having minor or no apparent roles in processes that terminate blood loss (hemostasis). Hereditary deficiency of factor XII (Hageman factor) or factor XI, plasma proteases that initiate the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, impairs thrombus formation and provides protection from vascular occlusive events, while having a minimal impact on hemostasis. As the factor XII-factor XI pathway contributes to thrombus formation to a greater extent than to normal hemostasis, pharmacological inhibition of these coagulation factors may offer the exciting possibility of anticoagulation therapies with minimal or no bleeding risk.

Structural organization of the inactive X chromosome in the mouse

PubMed Central

Giorgetti, Luca; Lajoie, Bryan R.; Carter, Ava C.; Attia, Mikael; Zhan, Ye; Xu, Jin; Chen, Chong Jian; Kaplan, Noam; Chang, Howard Y.; Heard, Edith; Dekker, Job

2017-01-01

X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) involves major reorganization of the X chromosome as it becomes silent and heterochromatic. During female mammalian development, XCI is triggered by upregulation of the non-coding Xist RNA from one of the two X chromosomes. Xist coats the chromosome in cis and induces silencing of almost all genes via its A-repeat region1,2, although some genes (constitutive escapees) avoid silencing in most cell types, and others (facultative escapees) escape XCI only in specific contexts3. A role for Xist in organizing the inactive X (Xi) chromosome has been proposed4–6. Recent chromosome conformation capture approaches have revealed global loss of local structure on the Xi chromosome and formation of large mega-domains, separated by a region containing the DXZ4 macrosatellite7–10. However, the molecular architecture of the Xi chromosome, in both the silent and expressed regions, remains unclear. Here we investigate the structure, chromatin accessibility and expression status of the mouse Xi chromosome in highly polymorphic clonal neural progenitors (NPCs) and embryonic stem cells. We demonstrate a crucial role for Xist and the DXZ4-containing boundary in shaping Xi chromosome structure using allele-specific genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) analysis, an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with high throughput sequencing (ATAC–seq) and RNA sequencing. Deletion of the boundary disrupts mega-domain formation, and induction of Xist RNA initiates formation of the boundary and the loss of DNA accessibility. We also show that in NPCs, the Xi chromosome lacks active/inactive compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs), except around genes that escape XCI. Escapee gene clusters display TAD-like structures and retain DNA accessibility at promoter-proximal and CTCF-binding sites. Furthermore, altered patterns of facultative escape genes in different neural progenitor clones are associated with the presence of different TAD-like structures after XCI. These findings suggest a key role for transcription and CTCF in the formation of TADs in the context of the Xi chromosome in neural progenitors. PMID:27437574

Impacts of biogenic and anthropogenic emissions on summertime ozone formation in the Guanzhong Basin, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Nan; He, Qingyang; Greenberg, Jim; Guenther, Alex; Li, Jingyi; Cao, Junji; Wang, Jun; Liao, Hong; Wang, Qiyuan; Zhang, Qiang

2018-05-01

This study is the first attempt to understand the synergistic impact of anthropogenic and biogenic emissions on summertime ozone (O3) formation in the Guanzhong (GZ) Basin where Xi'an, the oldest and the most populous city (with a population of 9 million) in northwestern China, is located. Month-long (August 2011) WRF-Chem simulations with different sensitivity experiments were conducted and compared with near-surface measurements. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) concentrations was characterized from six surface sites among the Qinling Mountains, and urban air composition was measured in Xi'an city at a tower 100 m a. s. The WRF-Chem control experiment reasonably reproduced the magnitudes and variations of observed O3, VOCs, NOx, PM2.5, and meteorological parameters, with normalized mean biases for each parameter within ±21 %. Subsequent analysis employed the factor separation approach (FSA) to quantitatively disentangle the pure and synergistic impacts of anthropogenic and/or biogenic sources on summertime O3 formation. The impact of anthropogenic sources alone was found to be dominant for O3 formation. Although anthropogenic particles reduced NO2 photolysis by up to 60 %, the anthropogenic sources contributed 19.1 ppb O3 formation on average for urban Xi'an. The abundant biogenic VOCs from the nearby forests promoted O3 formation in urban areas by interacting with the anthropogenic NOx. The calculated synergistic contribution (from both biogenic and anthropogenic sources) was up to 14.4 ppb in urban Xi'an, peaking in the afternoon. Our study reveals that the synergistic impact of individual source contributions to O3 formation should be considered in the formation of air pollution control strategies, especially for big cities in the vicinity of forests.

Study on the clinical significance and related factors of thirst and xerostomia in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

PubMed

Fan, Wei-Feng; Zhang, Qi; Luo, Li-Hong; Niu, Jian-Ying; Gu, Yong

2013-01-01

To analyse the clinical significance and related factors of thirst and xerostomia and to find methods to alleviate thirst and xerostomia in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Forty-two MHD patients were included for observational study and eleven patients were enrolled for crossover trial. Thirst was assessed by 100-mm visual analog scales (VAS) and dialysis thirst inventory (DTI). Meanwhile, xerostomia was assessed by VAS and xerostomia inventory (XI). Depression, kidney disease quality of life (KDQOL), salivary flow rates and inter dialytic weight gain (IDWG) were measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlations between continuous variables. The results of crossover trial were investigated by two-sample T-tests. Strong positive correlations among DTI, VAS thirst score, XI and VAS xerostomia score were found (P=0.000). Daily IDWG was positively correlated with VAS thirst score (r=0.315, P=0.042) and DTI(r=0.391, P=0.010). UWS (unstimulated whole saliva) was negatively correlated with VAS xerostomia score (r=-0.308, P=0.048). Residual urine output was negatively correlated with DTI (r=-0.402, P=0.008), VAS xerostomia score (r=-0.461, P=0.002) and XI (r=-0.403, P=0.008). In the crossover trial, DTI, XI, IDWG2d, IDWG3d, VAS thirst and xerostomia score were significantly reduced by the use of chewing gum (P=0.000, 0.001, 0.009, 0.017, 0.038, 0.001). The VAS thirst score, DTI and IDWG3d were significantly reduced by receiveing straw (P=0.016, 0.003, 0.049). Thirst and xerostomia might affect the quality of life in MHD patients. Both chewing gum and straw could decrease thirst and IDWG. © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Physical activity level and associated factors among civil servants in Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Sun, Lijun; Jiang, Xun; Zhao, Xin; Zhang, Yuhai; Xu, Yongyong; Shang, Lei

2016-08-01

This study investigated physical activity levels and associated factors among civil servants in Xi'an, China, to provide reference data for the implementation of health improvement strategies among civil servants. A cross-section study. A random sample of 1000 civil servants aged 18-60 years and employed by the Xi'an civic government was assessed by using the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Associations between physical activity and sociodemographic characteristics, family history of chronic disease, and existing disease were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis H-test, and binary logistic regression. The response rate was 92.4%. The median physical activity score was 2227 metabolic equivalents of task (MET) minutes per week (interquartile range [IQR]: 1308-3802METmin/week). Among the 924 participants, 7.4% did not meet minimum recommendations for physical activity, 57.3% had moderate activity levels, and 35.4% had high activity levels. Participants spent most of their time on occupational activities (median: 869METmin/week, IQR: 228-1953METmin/week). Female sex (odds ratio [OR]:0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.29-0.55), age≥51 years (OR: 0.45, 95%CI: 0.27-0.75), and family history of chronic disease (OR: 0.67, 95%CI: 0.48-0.94) were associated with significantly lower odds of a high activity level. Most civil servants in Xi'an, China, have moderate activity levels. Some have high activity levels, but few engage in vigorous-intensity physical activity. Interventions to encourage a high level of physical activity are needed, especially for women, older civil servants, and those with family histories of chronic disease. Copyright © 2015 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Robotic da Vinci Xi-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy: First clinical report.

PubMed

Sarfati, Benjamin; Honart, Jean-Francois; Leymarie, Nicolas; Rimareix, Francoise; Al Khashnam, Heba; Kolb, Frederic

2018-05-01

Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is increasingly popular for the treatment of selected breast cancers and prophylactic mastectomy. Surgical scarring and esthetic outcomes are important patient-related cosmetic considerations. Today, the concept of minimally invasive surgery has become popular, especially using robotic surgery. The authors report the first case of NSM using the latest version of the da Vinci Xi surgical system (Xi). The final incision used to remove the entire mammary gland was located behind the axillary line. In this position, hidden by the arm of the patient, the incision was not visible and was compatible with immediate breast reconstruction. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

40 CFR 1045.315 - How do I know when my engine family fails the production-line testing requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... and CO emissions: Ci = Max [0 or Ci−1 + Xi − (STD + 0.25 × σ)] Where: Ci = The current CumSum...). Xi = The current emission test result for an individual engine. STD = Emission standard (or family...

40 CFR 1048.315 - How do I know when my engine family fails the production-line testing requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... and CO emissions: Ci = Max [0 or Ci-1 + Xi − (STD + 0.25 × σ)] Where: Ci = The current CumSum...). Xi = The current emission test result for an individual engine. STD = Emission standard. (c) Use...

40 CFR 1045.315 - How do I know when my engine family fails the production-line testing requirements?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... and CO emissions: Ci = Max [0 or Ci−1 + Xi − (STD + 0.25 × σ)] Where: Ci = The current CumSum...). Xi = The current emission test result for an individual engine. STD = Emission standard (or family...

12 CFR 722.1 - Authority, purpose, and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Union Administration (“NCUA”) under title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and...) Purpose and scope. (1) Title XI provides protection for federal financial and public policy interests in... entered into by the National Credit Union Administration or by federally insured credit unions (“regulated...

Fatigue Behavior of HY-130 Steel Weldments Containing Fabrication Discontinuities.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-04-18

discontinuities to solutions for elliptical discontinuities. One such approach has been formalized in the ASME Section XI Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [1... Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code , Section XI, "Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Reactor Coolant Systems," American Society of Mechanical

78 FR 2214 - Enhanced Weapons, Firearms Background Checks, and Security Event Notifications

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-01-10

.... Voluntary Consensus Standards XI. Finding of No Significant Environmental Impact XII. Paperwork Reduction... ML110480470 of Nuclear Energy Institute, on the proposed ``Enhanced Weapons, Firearms Background Checks and... consensus standards. XI. Finding of No Significant Environmental Impact In the proposed rule published on...

A distributed network of low-cost continuous reading sensors to measure spatiotemporal variations of PM2.5 in Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Gao, Meiling; Cao, Junji; Seto, Edmund

2015-04-01

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a growing public health concern especially in industrializing countries but existing monitoring networks are unable to properly characterize human exposures due to low resolution spatiotemporal data. Low-cost portable monitors can supplement existing networks in both developed and industrializing regions to increase density of sites and data. This study tests the performance of a low-cost sensor in high concentration urban environments. Seven Portable University of Washington Particle (PUWP) monitors were calibrated with optical and gravimetric PM2.5 reference monitors in Xi'an, China in December 2013. Pairwise correlations between the raw PUWP and the reference monitors were high (R(2) = 0.86-0.89). PUWP monitors were also simultaneously deployed at eight sites across Xi'an alongside gravimetric PM2.5 monitors (R(2) = 0.53). The PUWP monitors were able to identify the High-technology Zone site as a potential PM2.5 hotspot with sustained high concentrations compared to the city average throughout the day. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Alternating current breakdown voltage of ice electret

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oshika, Y.; Tsuchiya, Y.; Okumura, T.; Muramoto, Y.

2017-09-01

Ice has low environmental impact. Our research objectives are to study the availability of ice as a dielectric insulating material at cryogenic temperatures. We focus on ferroelectric ice (iceXI) at cryogenic temperatures. The properties of iceXI, including its formation, are not clear. We attempted to obtain the polarized ice that was similar to iceXI under the applied voltage and cooling to 77 K. The polarized ice have a wide range of engineering applications as electronic materials at cryogenic temperatures. This polarized ice is called ice electret. The structural difference between ice electret and normal ice is only the positions of protons. The effects of the proton arrangement on the breakdown voltage of ice electret were shown because electrical properties are influenced by the structure of ice. We observed an alternating current (ac) breakdown voltage of ice electret and normal ice at 77 K. The mean and minimum ac breakdown voltage values of ice electret were higher than those of normal ice. We considered that the electrically weak part of the normal ice was improved by applied a direct electric field.

The innermost corona observed at the 1973 June 30 eclipse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hanaoka, Yoichiro; Kanno, Mitsuo; Kurokawa, Hiroki; Tsubaki, Tokio

1986-07-01

Slitless flash spectrograms in heights below 8000 km above the solar limb were obtained by the University of Kyoto expedition at Atar, Mauritania. The integrated intensities of Fe XIV, Fe X, Fe XI, and the continuum are measured as a function of height above the solar limb at 11 points around the third contact point. It is found that a significant amount of the emission in Fe X originates in chromospheric levels well below 8000 km. This implies that the interspicular region of the chromosphere is occupied by coronal material. The average values of the electron temperature (0.9-1.1 million K) and the electron density in the interspicular region are derived from the Fe X and the Fe XI intensities (0.9-1 billion/cu cm) on the assumption of spherical symmetry. The intensity variations of the coronal lines and the continuum with position angle are also studied. Strong correlations between Fe XIV and the continuum and between Fe X and Fe XI are found. The Fe X intensities indicate a density fluctuation in the innermost corona by at least a factor of two.

YY1 binding association with sex-biased transcription revealed through X-linked transcript levels and allelic binding analyses.

PubMed

Chen, Chih-Yu; Shi, Wenqiang; Balaton, Bradley P; Matthews, Allison M; Li, Yifeng; Arenillas, David J; Mathelier, Anthony; Itoh, Masayoshi; Kawaji, Hideya; Lassmann, Timo; Hayashizaki, Yoshihide; Carninci, Piero; Forrest, Alistair R R; Brown, Carolyn J; Wasserman, Wyeth W

2016-11-18

Sex differences in susceptibility and progression have been reported in numerous diseases. Female cells have two copies of the X chromosome with X-chromosome inactivation imparting mono-allelic gene silencing for dosage compensation. However, a subset of genes, named escapees, escape silencing and are transcribed bi-allelically resulting in sexual dimorphism. Here we conducted in silico analyses of the sexes using human datasets to gain perspectives into such regulation. We identified transcription start sites of escapees (escTSSs) based on higher transcription levels in female cells using FANTOM5 CAGE data. Significant over-representations of YY1 transcription factor binding motif and ChIP-seq peaks around escTSSs highlighted its positive association with escapees. Furthermore, YY1 occupancy is significantly biased towards the inactive X (Xi) at long non-coding RNA loci that are frequent contacts of Xi-specific superloops. Our study suggests a role for YY1 in transcriptional activity on Xi in general through sequence-specific binding, and its involvement at superloop anchors.

YY1 binding association with sex-biased transcription revealed through X-linked transcript levels and allelic binding analyses

PubMed Central

Chen, Chih-yu; Shi, Wenqiang; Balaton, Bradley P.; Matthews, Allison M.; Li, Yifeng; Arenillas, David J.; Mathelier, Anthony; Itoh, Masayoshi; Kawaji, Hideya; Lassmann, Timo; Hayashizaki, Yoshihide; Carninci, Piero; Forrest, Alistair R. R.; Brown, Carolyn J.; Wasserman, Wyeth W.

2016-01-01

Sex differences in susceptibility and progression have been reported in numerous diseases. Female cells have two copies of the X chromosome with X-chromosome inactivation imparting mono-allelic gene silencing for dosage compensation. However, a subset of genes, named escapees, escape silencing and are transcribed bi-allelically resulting in sexual dimorphism. Here we conducted in silico analyses of the sexes using human datasets to gain perspectives into such regulation. We identified transcription start sites of escapees (escTSSs) based on higher transcription levels in female cells using FANTOM5 CAGE data. Significant over-representations of YY1 transcription factor binding motif and ChIP-seq peaks around escTSSs highlighted its positive association with escapees. Furthermore, YY1 occupancy is significantly biased towards the inactive X (Xi) at long non-coding RNA loci that are frequent contacts of Xi-specific superloops. Our study suggests a role for YY1 in transcriptional activity on Xi in general through sequence-specific binding, and its involvement at superloop anchors. PMID:27857184

7 CFR 1485.13 - Application process and strategic plan.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... business cards; (viii) The cost of seasonal greeting cards; (ix) Fees for office parking; (x) The cost of subscriptions to publications; (xi) The cost of activities conducted overseas; (xii) Credit card fees; (xiii... fees or similar sales expenditures; (x) Membership fees in clubs and social organizations; and (xi) Any...

25 CFR 36.31 - Standard XI-Student promotion requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Standard XI-Student promotion requirements. 36.31 Section 36.31 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION MINIMUM ACADEMIC STANDARDS FOR THE BASIC EDUCATION OF INDIAN CHILDREN AND NATIONAL CRITERIA FOR DORMITORY SITUATIONS Student...

25 CFR 36.31 - Standard XI-Student promotion requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Standard XI-Student promotion requirements. 36.31 Section 36.31 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION MINIMUM ACADEMIC STANDARDS FOR THE BASIC EDUCATION OF INDIAN CHILDREN AND NATIONAL CRITERIA FOR DORMITORY SITUATIONS Student...

Confined Turbulent Swirling Recirculating Flow Predictions. Ph.D. Thesis

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Abujelala, M. T.

1984-01-01

Turbulent swirling flow, the STARPIC computer code, turbulence modeling of turbulent flows, the k-xi turbulence model and extensions, turbulence parameters deduction from swirling confined flow measurements, extension of the k-xi to confined swirling recirculating flows, and general predictions for confined turbulent swirling flow are discussed.

12 CFR 323.1 - Authority, purpose, and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....C. 1818, 1819 [“Seventh” and “Tenth”] and title XI of the Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery...)). (b) Purpose and scope. (1) Title XI provides protection for federal financial and public policy... transactions entered into by the FDIC or by institutions regulated by the FDIC (regulated institutions). (2...

15 CFR 30.3 - Electronic Export Information filer requirements, parties to export transactions, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

.../units of measure. (ix) Value. (x) Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) or sufficient technical information to determine the ECCN. (xi) All licensing information necessary to file the EEI for commodities... export. (xi) Foreign port of unloading. (xii) Shipping weight. (xiii) ECCN. (xiv) License or license...

15 CFR 30.3 - Electronic Export Information filer requirements, parties to export transactions, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.../units of measure. (ix) Value. (x) Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) or sufficient technical information to determine the ECCN. (xi) All licensing information necessary to file the EEI for commodities... export. (xi) Foreign port of unloading. (xii) Shipping weight. (xiii) ECCN. (xiv) License or license...

15 CFR 30.3 - Electronic Export Information filer requirements, parties to export transactions, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

.../units of measure. (ix) Value. (x) Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) or sufficient technical information to determine the ECCN. (xi) All licensing information necessary to file the EEI for commodities... export. (xi) Foreign port of unloading. (xii) Shipping weight. (xiii) ECCN. (xiv) License or license...

15 CFR 30.3 - Electronic Export Information filer requirements, parties to export transactions, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

.../units of measure. (ix) Value. (x) Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) or sufficient technical information to determine the ECCN. (xi) All licensing information necessary to file the EEI for commodities... export. (xi) Foreign port of unloading. (xii) Shipping weight. (xiii) ECCN. (xiv) License or license...

15 CFR 30.3 - Electronic Export Information filer requirements, parties to export transactions, and...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

.../units of measure. (ix) Value. (x) Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) or sufficient technical information to determine the ECCN. (xi) All licensing information necessary to file the EEI for commodities... export. (xi) Foreign port of unloading. (xii) Shipping weight. (xiii) ECCN. (xiv) License or license...

25 CFR 36.31 - Standard XI-Student promotion requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Standard XI-Student promotion requirements. 36.31 Section 36.31 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION MINIMUM ACADEMIC... programs, in a minimum of 160 instructional days per academic term or 80 instructional days per semester...

25 CFR 36.31 - Standard XI-Student promotion requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Standard XI-Student promotion requirements. 36.31 Section 36.31 Indians BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR EDUCATION MINIMUM ACADEMIC... programs, in a minimum of 160 instructional days per academic term or 80 instructional days per semester...

[Modern methods application of genotyping of infectious diseases pathogens in the context of operational work of specialized anti-epidemic team during the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games].

PubMed

Kuzkin, B P; Kulichenko, A N; Volynkina, A S; Efremenko, D V; Kuznetsova, I V; Kotenev, E S; Lyamkin, G I; Kartsev, N N; Klindukhov, V P

2015-01-01

This paper considers the experience of genotyping and sequencing technologies in laboratories of specialized anti-epidemic team (SAET) during the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi. The work carried out during the pre-Olympic period on performance of readiness by SAET for these studies is analyzed. The results of genotyping strains of pathogens during the Olympic Games are presented. A conclusion about the effectiveness of the use of molecular genetic techniques in terms of SAET is made.

Research on Xi Jinping's Thought of Ecological Civilization and Environment Sustainable Development

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiang-chao, Pan

2018-05-01

Since the reform and opening up, China’s sustained and rapid economic development, but the environment problem increasingly is prominent in our country. It has seriously affected the sustainability of economic development in China. Environment overall situation is not optimistic, and environmental management is imperative. Since the 18th national congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), Xi Jin-ping has put forward the thought of building a beautiful China with ecological civilization and realizing the sustainable development of economic construction and environmental protection. Sticking to Xi's Thought of Ecological Civilization is a fundamental guarantee for the sustainable development of environment and building a new era of ecological civilization.

Effects of Assuming Independent Component Failure Times, If They Are Actually Dependent, In a Series System

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-31

non-negative random variables with system life Y = r ( TI, ..., rp ) and failure pattern kT) - [, ifY =- Td , I I and Y<Ty, j* (2.2) S=a , otherwise...Moeschberger - 3a. TYPE OF REPORT 1i3b. TIME COVERED 114. DATE OF REPORT (Year, Month, Day) S. PAGE COUNT Final I FROM9 -1- 8 2 Td .2-3l--8 7 IMay 31...T1iY > Td )since average concordanceeover the range Y > Tiis 0. When i - I arid l=-0, then Ti -Xi <.04= Ti, Xi < V ,Yi <Xi. Here if Ti Y1&<T, the

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Huey-Wen Lin; Robert G. Edwards; Balint Joo

In this work, we perform parameter tuning with dynamical anisotropic clover lattices using the Schr\\"odinger functional and stout-smearing in the fermion field. We find thatmore » $$\\xi_R/\\xi_0$$ is relatively close to 1 in our parameter search, which allows us to fix $$\\xi_0$$ in our runs. We proposed to determine the gauge and fermion anisotropy in a Schr\\"odinger-background small box using Wilson loop ratios and PCAC masses. We demonstrate that these ideas are equivalent to but more efficient than the conventional meson dispersion approach. The spatial and temporal clover coefficients are fixed to the tree-level tadpole-improved clover values, and we demonstrate that they satisfy the nonperturbative condition determined by Schr\\"odinger functional method.« less

A T8.5 BROWN DWARF MEMBER OF THE {xi} URSAE MAJORIS SYSTEM

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wright, Edward L.; Mace, Gregory; McLean, Ian S.

The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer has revealed a T8.5 brown dwarf (WISE J111838.70+312537.9) that exhibits common proper motion with a solar-neighborhood (8 pc) quadruple star system-{xi} Ursae Majoris. The angular separation is 8.'5, and the projected physical separation is Almost-Equal-To 4000 AU. The sub-solar metallicity and low chromospheric activity of {xi} UMa A argue that the system has an age of at least 2 Gyr. The infrared luminosity and color of the brown dwarf suggests the mass of this companion ranges between 14 and 38 M{sub J} for system ages of 2 and 8 Gyr, respectively.

Dosimetric comparison of IMRT rectal and anal canal plans generated using an anterior dose avoidance structure

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Leicher, Brian, E-mail: bleicher@wpahs.org; Day, Ellen; Colonias, Athanasios

2014-10-01

To describe a dosimetric method using an anterior dose avoidance structure (ADAS) during the treatment planning process for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for patients with anal canal and rectal carcinomas. A total of 20 patients were planned on the Elekta/CMS XiO treatment planning system, version 4.5.1 (Maryland Heights MO) with a superposition algorithm. For each patient, 2 plans were created: one employing an ADAS (ADAS plan) and the other replanned without an ADAS (non-ADAS plan). The ADAS was defined to occupy the volume between the inguinal nodes and primary target providing a single organ at risk that is completely outsidemore » of the target volume. Each plan used the same beam parameters and was analyzed by comparing target coverage, overall plan dose conformity using a conformity number (CN) equation, bowel dose-volume histograms, and the number of segments, daily treatment duration, and global maximum dose. The ADAS and non-ADAS plans were equivalent in target coverage, mean global maximum dose, and sparing of small bowel in low-dose regions (5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy). The mean difference between the CN value for the non-ADAS plans and ADAS plans was 0.04 ± 0.03 (p < 0.001). The mean difference in the number of segments was 15.7 ± 12.7 (p < 0.001) in favor of ADAS plans. The ADAS plan delivery time was shorter by 2.0 ± 1.5 minutes (p < 0.001) than the non-ADAS one. The ADAS has proven to be a powerful tool when planning rectal and anal canal IMRT cases with critical structures partially contained inside the target volume.« less

Development of Sizing Systems for Navy Women’s Uniforms

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-12-01

sample. Table la indicates the distance (D2) between the racial groups. Group 1 is White, Group 2 is Black, and Group 4 is Hispanic. There were too...TABLE ,. DEscriminant Analysis Pairwise Squared Generalized Distances between Groups D2 (IIJ) - (XI - Xj)’ COY’ (XI - Xj) Generalized Square( Distaace To

A Preliminary Investigation into Critical Thinking of Urban Xi'an High School Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhou, Qing; Wang, Xiang; Yao, Linna

2007-01-01

This paper reports the development of critical thinking of urban high school students in the Chinese city of Xi'an. It presents the assessment of the students' two components of critical thinking: dispositions towards critical thinking and critical thinking skills, using the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and the California…

25 CFR 36.31 - Standard XI-Student promotion requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Standard XI-Student promotion requirements. 36.31 Section... Instructional Evaluation § 36.31 Standard XI—Student promotion requirements. Each school shall establish and implement a promotion policy which shall be submitted to and approved by the local school board and Agency...

Ultrabass Sounds of the Giant Star xi Hya

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2002-05-01

First Observations of Solar-type Oscillations in a Star Very Different from the Sun Summary About 30 years ago, astronomers realised that the Sun resonates like a giant musical instrument with well-defined periods (frequencies). It forms a sort of large, spherical organ pipe. The energy that excites these sound waves comes from the turbulent region just below the Sun's visible surface. Observations of the solar sound waves (known as " helioseismology ") have resulted in enormous progress in the exploration of the interior of the Sun, otherwise hidden from view. As is the case on Earth, seismic techniques can be applied and the detailed interpretation of the observed oscillation periods has provided quite accurate information about the structure and motions inside the Sun, our central star. It has now also become possible to apply this technique to some solar-type stars. The first observations concerned the northern star eta Bootis (cf. ESO PR 16/94 ). Last year, extensive and much more accurate observations with the 1.2-m Swiss telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory proved that Alpha Centauri , a solar "twin", behaves very much like the Sun (cf. ESO PR 15/01 ), and that some of the periods are quite similar to those in the Sun. These new observational data were of a superb quality, and that study marked a true break-through in the new research field of " asteroseismology " (seismology of the stars) for solar-type stars. But what about other types of stars, for instance those that are much larger than the Sun? Based on an extremely intensive observing project with the same telescope, an international group of astronomers [1] has found that the giant star xi Hya ("xi" is the small greek letter [2]; "Hya" is an abbreviation of "Hydrae") behaves like a giant sub-ultra-bass instrument . This star is located in the constellation Hydra (the Water-Monster) at a distance of 130 light-years, it has a radius about 10 times that of the Sun and its luminosity is about 60 times larger. The new observations demonstrate that xi Hya oscillates with several periods of around 3 hours. xi Hya is now approaching the end of its life - it is about to expand its outer envelope and to become a "red giant star" . It is quite different from stars like the Sun, which are only halfway through their active life. xi Hya is considerably more massive than any other star in which solar-like oscillations have so far been detected. This observational feat allows to study for the first time with seismic techniques the interior of such a highly evolved star. It paves the way for similar studies of different types of stars. A new chapter of stellar astrophysics is now opening as asteroseismology establishes itself as an ingenious method that is able to revolutionise our detailed understanding of stellar interiors and the overall evolution of stars . PR Photo 13a/02 : Oscillation frequencies in the Giant Star xi Hya PR Photo 13b/02 : Non-radial oscillations of xi Hya (computer graphics) PR Audio Clip 01/02 : Listen to the sound of xi Hya (RealMedia and MP3) The difficult art of asteroseismology Helioseismology (seismology of the Sun) is based on measurements of the changing radial velocity of the solar upper atmospheric layers (the "surface") by means of the well-known Doppler effect, as this surface moves up and down during acoustic oscillations. The corresponding amplitudes are very small, with velocities of up to 15 - 20 cm/sec, and the typical period is around 5 minutes. Therefore the phenomenon was first known as the "five-minute oscillations". Intensity measurements have also been tried, but the noise level is larger than for velocity data due to the presence of "granulation" (moving cells of hot gas) on the solar surface. In the case of larger and brighter stars like the giant stars, the corresponding amplitudes and periods increase. For instance, theoretical predictions for the giant star xi Hya have indicated that velocity amplitudes of about 7 m/sec and periods of the order of 3 - 4 hours could be expected. Observations of such oscillations are much more difficult, because the demands on the performance of the spectrograph increase dramatically, as this timescale is similar to that of variations of conditions in the Earth's atmosphere during the observing night. Spurious instrumental effects, like mechanical flexure, would be detrimental to such demanding observations. However, the experience from the search for exoplanets orbiting other stars - by observing the periodic change in velocity of the parent star due to the weak pull of the orbiting planet over even longer timescales - has proven to be very useful. Indeed, asteroseismology has benefitted greatly from the development of accurate techniques now employed in the search for exoplanets . The observations of the giant star xi Hya An international team of astronomers [1] observed xi Hya with the Swiss 1.2-m Euler telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory (Chile). They used the CORALIE spectrograph, which is well known for numerous discoveries of exoplanets (cf. PR 07/01 ), and recently for the detection of 7-min acoustic oscillations in the solar-twin star Alpha Centauri A (cf. PR 15/01 ). The same technique that delivered superb observations of Alpha Centauri A was employed to investigate the oscillations of xi Hya . The sound waves make the surface of the star oscillate periodically in and out, and the CORALIE spectrograph measures the velocities of the up-down motion. As xi Hya is a giant, these waves need more time to propagate through the stellar interior up to the stellar surface than they do in a solar-like star. Thus, the generated oscillations of the surface are slower. An observing campaign lasting no less than one full month, taking about two measurements every hour was necessary to detect the tiny movements of the surface of xi Hya . The detected oscillations have periods of about 3 hours, and have speeds of only up to 2 metres per second . This is somewhat smaller than expected, but the predictions for these amplitudes were very uncertain as the conditions in xi Hya are so very different from those in the Sun. First results for xi Hya ESO PR Photo 13a/02 ESO PR Photo 13a/02 [Preview - JPEG: 492 x 400 pix - 68k] [Normal - JPEG: 983 x 800 pix - 168k] Caption : PR Photo 13a/02 shows the "frequency spectrum" of the giant star xi Hya , as deduced on the basis of extensive velocity measurements with the 1.2-m Leonhard Euler telescope at the ESO La Silla Observatory (Chile). The abscissa unit is microHertz; 100 µHz corresponds to a period of 10,000 seconds (2.78 hours). PR Audio Clip 01/02 : Listen to the sound of xi Hya ! This 15-sec audio clip was produced by mixing the 16 strongest frequencies in the observed sound spectrum ( PR Photo 13a/02 ) with the correct, relative amplitudes. In order to render the signal audible, all frequencies were multiplied by a factor of one million. Note that quality loudspeakers are required to fully appreciate this rich and complex signal, especially the underlying bass tones. Several beat frequencies are obviously present. Available in RealMedia (requires RealPlayer software) and MP3 (264k) formats. PR Photo 13a/02 shows the frequency spectrum of xi Hya , based on these extensive observations. The "power peaks" indicate the frequencies of the oscillation of the stellar atmosphere. The broad distribution means that several different sound waves are clearly present. This is the first time such a spectrum has ever been obtained for a giant star. A first analysis showed the presence of about one dozen significant frequencies and correspondingly, periods . Among those, four have amplitudes above 1 metre per second. In addition to these twelve frequencies, others appear to have been detected as well, but with less certainty and their reality must be confirmed by a subsequent, more detailed study. The "sound of xi Hya" has been synthesized in PR Audio Clip 01/02 . Stellar models A good model of the star is necessary before the observed oscillation frequencies (periods) can be properly interpreted. Current models of the Sun are accurate and represent a typical main-sequence star at midlife, and the oscillations are well understood. The sound spectrum corresponding to the full disk - i.e., what we would observe if the Sun were as distant as other stars and we would therefore see it as a light point in the sky - shows a regular pattern in which the observed frequencies are separated by two different and constant intervals, the "large" and the "small" separations. It is much more difficult to "model" the interior of a giant star as the core has changed a lot during the evolution of the star. The nuclear fuel has been exhausted, the stellar core has contracted and the envelope has expanded substantially [3]. The resulting sound spectrum has therefore also changed considerably. Now there is only a small group of oscillating modes that display the same regular pattern as seen in the Sun. They are the radial modes , pressure modes that correspond to a radial expansion and contraction of the star (up and down motion of the surface). The modes in the Sun are sound waves for which most of the oscillation energy is concentrated in the outer parts of the Sun. In stars as highly evolved as xi Hya , they partly take on the character of gravity modes in the interior of the star. Gravity modes are oscillations that move matter up and down in the gravity field, under the influence of buoyancy, with only small changes of the pressure. This is the same effect that makes an air-filled ball pop to the surface when released under water. Gravity modes are normally trapped in the stable interior inside the upper (convective) envelope of a star. So far gravity modes have not been detected in the Sun. In a giant star, however, there is a chance to see some, because some of the oscillations have a mixed character : they behave like gravity modes in the interior and like sound waves in the envelope. The nature of the oscillations observed in xi Hya ESO PR Photo 13b/02 ESO PR Photo 13b/02 [Preview - JPEG: 400 x 461 pix - 112k] [Normal - JPEG: 800 x 922 pix - 232k] Caption : PR Photo 13b/02 is a computer-generated illustration of one possible non-radial oscillation mode in the giant star xi Hya . The blue parts contain particles in the upper stellar atmosphere moving away from the stellar centre, hence they cause a "blue-shift" (towards shorter wavelengths) in the spectrum for the observer. At the same time, particles in the red parts move towards the stellar centre and cause a "red-shift" (towards longer wavelengths). Particles in the white regions do not move during the oscillation cycle. Half an oscillation cycle later, the red parts will have become blue and vice versa. The high-resolution spectra of xi Hya were also used to determine improved values of the fundamental parameters of this star: its temperature is 4950 ± 100 K, the mass is 3.31 ± 0.17 times that of the Sun, and the age is 276 ± 21 million years [3]. These values may be refined in a subsequent, more extensive analysis. With this improved model for xi Hya , the astronomers calculated the frequencies of all oscillations likely to be observed. As in the Sun, the radial modes are expected to be the dominating ones. In fact, three out of the four modes actually observed in xi Hya coincide within the errors with the predicted radial modes. The fourth mode seems not to be radial, but agrees with a non-radial mode with 2 or 3 wave peaks and valleys over the surface. PR Photo 13b/02 provides a graphical illustration of this in the case of a star seen almost equator-on. Some of the observed lower-amplitude modes must be mixed non-radial modes , since more modes are detected than can be accounted for by the radial modes of the models alone. Future plans Moving directly from stars of about one solar mass to the giant star xi Hya is a rather great leap. With the CORALIE and HARPS instruments (the latter soon to be installed on the ESO 3.6-m telescope at La Silla), an entire sequence of stars at different evolutionary stages will be observed next: from newly born to middle-aged stars like the Sun, and also old ones that are near retirement. The new observations of xi Hya show that this is now technically feasible. Once more stars have been observed, changes in the interior structure and composition can be followed and current theories of the internal stellar structure can be verified and improved. Clearly, asteroseismology is bound to have a major impact on the understanding of stellar evolution . The detection of oscillations in the giant star xi Hya also has implications for the target selection of several space missions aiming at seismic measurements: the Canadian MOST mission, the French-led European COROT mission (with launch expected in 2005), and some that are still under consideration, as the Danish Rømer mission (now in the detailed design phase) and the ESA Eddington mission. The present observations have proven that these space missions will be able to observe oscillations in a wide range of stars, and thus will constitute a major new source of detailed information about the interior of stars, not accessible from the ground. More information The results described in this Press Release are about to be submitted to the research journal Astronomy & Astrophysics (Letters) by the present team. Notes [1]: The team consists of Conny Aerts and Thomas Maas (Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium), Fabien Carrier, Michel Burnet, Jose de Medeiros and Francois Bouchy (Geneva Observatory, Switzerland), Søren Frandsen, Dennis Stello, Hans Kjeldsen, Teresa C. Teixeira, Frank Pijpers, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard and Hans Bruntt (Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University; and Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Aarhus University, Denmark). [2]: Some HTML-browsers support character entities for greek letters - "xi" is then represented by "ξ" . [3]: In astrophysical terms, xi Hya is currently in the hydrogen shell-burning phase, having left the main sequence some time ago and now near the sub-giant/giant border.

THE AXISYMMETRIC FREE-CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER ALONG A VERTICAL THIN CYLINDER WITH CONSTANT SURFACE TEMPERATURE

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Viskanta, R.

1963-01-01

Laminar free-convection flow produced by a heated, vertical, circular cylinder for which the temperature at the outer surface of the cylinder is assumed to be uniform is analyzed. The solution of the boundary-layer equations was obtained by the perturbation method of Sparrow and Gregg, which is valid only for small values of the axial distance parameter xi ; and the integral method of Hama et al., for large values of the parameter xi . Heat-transfer results were calculated for Prandtl numbers (Pr) of 100, the Nusselt numbers (Nu) for the cylinder were higher than those for the flat plate, andmore » this difference increased as Pr decreased. It was also found that the perturbation method of solution of the free-convection boundary-layer equations becomes useless for small values of Pr because of the slow convergence of the series. The results obtained by the integral method were in good agreement with those calculated by the perturbation method for Pr approximately 1 and 0.1 < xi < 1 only; they deviated considerably for smaller values of xi . (auth)« less

Monitoring on Xi'an ground fissures deformation with TerraSAR-X data

USGS Publications Warehouse

Zhao, C.; Zhang, Q.; Zhu, W.; Lu, Z.

2012-01-01

Owing to the fine resolution of TerraSAR-X data provided since 2007, this paper applied 6 TerraSAR data (strip mode) during 3rd Dec. 2009 to 23rd Mar. 2010 to detect and monitor the active fissures over Xi'an region. Three themes have been designed for high precision detection and monitoring of Xi'an-Chang'an fissures, as small baseline subsets (SBAS) to test the atmospheric effects of differential interferograms pair stepwise, 2-pass differential interferogram with very short baseline perpendicular to generate the whole deformation map with 44 days interval, and finally, corner reflector (CR) technique was used to closely monitor the relative deformation time series between two CRs settled crossing two ground fissures. Results showed that TerraSAR data are a good choice for small-scale ground fissures detection and monitoring, while special considerations should be taken for their great temporal and baseline decorrelation. Secondly, ground fissures in Xi'an were mostly detected at the joint section of stable and deformable regions. Lastly, CR-InSAR had potential ability to monitor relative deformation crossing fissures with millimeter precision.

Measurement of the {ital {tau}} Neutrino Helicity and Michel Parameters in Polarized {ital e}{sup +}{ital e}{sup -} Collisions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Steiner, R.; Benvenuti, A.C.; Coller, J.A.

1997-06-01

We present a new measurement of the {tau} neutrino helicity h{sub {nu}{sub {tau}}} and the {tau} Michel parameters {rho} , {eta} , {xi} , and the product {delta}{xi} . The analysis exploits the highly polarized SLC electron beam to extract these quantities directly from a measurement of the {tau} decay spectra, using the 1993{endash}1995 SLD data sample of 4328 e{sup +}e{sup -}{r_arrow}Z{sup 0}{r_arrow}{tau}{sup +}{tau}{sup -} events. From the decays {tau}{r_arrow}{pi}{nu}{sub {tau}} and {tau}{r_arrow}{rho}{nu}{sub {tau}} we obtain a combined value h{sub {nu}{sub {tau}}}=-0.93{plus_minus}0.10{plus_minus} 0.04 . The leptonic decay channels yield combined values of {rho}=0.72{plus_minus}0.09{plus_minus}0.03 , {xi}=1.05{plus_minus}0.35{plus_minus}0.04 , and {delta}{xi}=0.88{plus_minus}0.27{plus_minus}0.04 . {copyright}more » {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}« less

Study on relationship between pollen exine ornamentation pattern and germplasm evolution in flowering crabapple

PubMed Central

Zhang, Wang-Xiang; Zhao, Ming-Ming; Fan, Jun-Jun; Zhou, Ting; Chen, Yong-Xia; Cao, Fu-Liang

2017-01-01

Pollen ornamentation patterns are important in the study of plant genetic evolution and systematic taxonomy. However, they are normally difficult to quantify. Based on observations of pollen exine ornamentation characteristics of 128 flowering crabapple germplasms (44 natural species and 84 varieties), three qualitative variables with binary properties (Xi: regularity of pollen exine ornamentation; Yi: scope of ornamentation arrangement regularity; Zi: ornamentation arrangement patterns) were extracted to establish a binary three-dimensional data matrix (Xi Yi Zi) and the matrix data were converted to decimal data through weight assignment, which facilitated the unification of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The result indicates that from species population to variety population and from parent population to variety population, the exine ornamentation of all three dimensions present the evolutionary trend of regular → irregular, wholly regular → partially regular, and single pattern → multiple patterns. Regarding the evolutionary degree, the regularity of ornamentation was significantly lower in both the variety population and progeny population, with a degree of decrease 0.82–1.27 times that of the regularity range of R-type ornamentation. In addition, the evolutionary degree significantly increased along Xi  → Yi → Zi. The result also has certain reference values for defining the taxonomic status of Malus species. PMID:28059122

Net accumulation rates derived from ice core stable isotope records of Pío XI glacier, Southern Patagonia Icefield

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schwikowski, M.; Schläppi, M.; Santibañez, P.; Rivera, A.; Casassa, G.

2012-12-01

Pío XI, the largest glacier of the Southern Patagonia Icefield, reached its neoglacial maximum extent in 1994 and is one of the few glaciers in that area which is not retreating. In view of the recent warming it is important to understand glacier responses to climate changes. Due to its remoteness and the harsh conditions in Patagonia, no systematic mass balance studies have been performed. In this study we derived net accumulation rates for the period 2000 to 2006 from a 50 m (33.2 4 m weq) ice core collected in the accumulation area of Pío XI (2600 m a.s.l., 49°16´40´´ S, 73°21´14´´ W). Borehole temperatures indicate near temperate ice, but the average melt percent is only 16% ± 14%. Records of stable isotopes are well preserved and were used for identification of annual layers. Net accumulation rates range from 3.4 to 7.1 water equivalent (m weq) with an average of 5.8 m weq, comparable to precipitation amounts at the Chilean coast, but not as high as expected for the Icefield. Ice core stable isotope data correlate well with upper air temperatures and may be used as temperature proxy.

An isoform of myosin XI is responsible for the translocation of endoplasmic reticulum in tobacco cultured BY-2 cells.

PubMed

Yokota, Etsuo; Ueda, Shunpei; Tamura, Kentaro; Orii, Hidefumi; Uchi, Satoko; Sonobe, Seiji; Hara-Nishimura, Ikuko; Shimmen, Teruo

2009-01-01

The involvement of myosin XI in generating the motive force for cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells is becoming evident. For a comprehensive understanding of the physiological roles of myosin XI isoforms, it is necessary to elucidate the properties and functions of each isoform individually. In tobacco cultured BY-2 cells, two types of myosins, one composed of 175 kDa heavy chain (175 kDa myosin) and the other of 170 kDa heavy chain (170 kDa myosin), have been identified biochemically and immunocytochemically. From sequence analyses of cDNA clones encoding heavy chains of 175 kDa and 170 kDa myosin, both myosins have been classified as myosin XI. Immunocytochemical studies using a polyclonal antibody against purified 175 kDa myosin heavy chain showed that the 175 kDa myosin is distributed throughout the cytoplasm as fine dots in interphase BY-2 cells. During mitosis, some parts of 175 kDa myosin were found to accumulate in the pre-prophase band (PPB), spindle, the equatorial plane of a phragmoplast and on the circumference of daughter nuclei. In transgenic BY-2 cells, in which an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-specific retention signal, HDEL, tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) was stably expressed, ER showed a similar behaviour to that of 175 kDa myosin. Furthermore, this myosin was co-fractionated with GFP-ER by sucrose density gradient centrifugation. From these findings, it was suggested that the 175 kDa myosin is a molecular motor responsible for translocating ER in BY-2 cells.

[The effect of first premolar extraction on third molar angulation and eruption space].

PubMed

Xie, Jing-zhong

2009-12-01

To study the influence of the first premolar extraction on the angulation and eruption space of third molar. One hundred and twenty patients cases of Class I malocclusions were divided into 2 groups by age, who were treated with extraction and non-extraction respectively. The following values was measured: angle of cusp line between the second and third molar(alpha angle),impact state and depth, distance from Rickett's Xi to distal cusp of third mandibular molar along the occlusal plane(Xi-LTM), anterior border of ramus to the third mandibular molar(R-LTM), distance from projection of distal contact point of maxillary third molar to intersection of pterygoid vertical on occlusal plane (PTV-UTM). The change between pre- and post-treatment was calculated and analyzed with SPSS10.0 software package. alpha angle, Xi-LTM, R-LTM, R-LTM were tested with independent-sample t test, impact state and depth was tested with Chi-square test. Influence of age on the values was also evaluated. In younger group, changes of mandibular alpha angle and Xi-LTM in extraction group was 7.16 degrees and 3.22mm, but in elder group, these changes was 2.42 degrees and 2.10mm, all values were significantly larger than non-extraction group (P<0.05). Impact state and depth of third mandibular molar improved in extraction group, while there was no significant changes in the maxilla. The third mandibular molar becomes upright and distal movement after first premolar extraction. The possibility of the third mandibular molar impaction is decreased, but the effect on the maxilla is not significant.

Precision in robotic rectal surgery using the da Vinci Xi system and integrated table motion, a technical note.

PubMed

Panteleimonitis, Sofoklis; Harper, Mick; Hall, Stuart; Figueiredo, Nuno; Qureshi, Tahseen; Parvaiz, Amjad

2017-09-15

Robotic rectal surgery is becoming increasingly more popular among colorectal surgeons. However, time spent on robotic platform docking, arm clashing and undocking of the platform during the procedure are factors that surgeons often find cumbersome and time consuming. The newest surgical platform, the da Vinci Xi, coupled with integrated table motion can help to overcome these problems. This technical note aims to describe a standardised operative technique of single docking robotic rectal surgery using the da Vinci Xi system and integrated table motion. A stepwise approach of the da Vinci docking process and surgical technique is described accompanied by an intra-operative video that demonstrates this technique. We also present data collected from a prospectively maintained database. 33 consecutive rectal cancer patients (24 male, 9 female) received robotic rectal surgery with the da Vinci Xi during the preparation of this technical note. 29 (88%) patients had anterior resections, and four (12%) had abdominoperineal excisions. There were no conversions, no anastomotic leaks and no mortality. Median operation time was 331 (249-372) min, blood loss 20 (20-45) mls and length of stay 6.5 (4-8) days. 30-day readmission rate and re-operation rates were 3% (n = 1). This standardised technique of single docking robotic rectal surgery with the da Vinci Xi is safe, feasible and reproducible. The technological advances of the new robotic system facilitate the totally robotic single docking approach.

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Development of Xerostomia during Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy

PubMed Central

Randall, Ken; Stevens, Jason; Yepes, Juan Fernando; Randall, Marcus E.; Kudrimoti, Mahesh; Feddock, Jonathan; Xi, Jing; Kryscio, Richard J.; Miller, Craig S.

2013-01-01

OBJECTIVES Factors influencing xerostomia during intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were assessed. METHODS A 6-week study of 32 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients was performed. Subjects completed the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and provided stimulated saliva (SS) at baseline, week two and at end of IMRT. Influence of SS flow rate (SSFR), calcium and mucin 5b (MUC5b) concentrations and radiation dose on xerostomia was determined. RESULTS HNC subjects experienced mean SSFR decline of 36% by visit two (N=27; p=0.012) and 57% by visit three (N=20; p=0.0004), Concentrations of calcium and MUC5b increased, but not significantly during IMRT (p>0.05). Xerostomia correlated most with decreasing salivary flow rate as determined by Spearman correlations (p<0.04) and linear mixed models (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Although IMRT is sparing to the parotid glands, it has an early effect on SSFR and the constituents in saliva in a manner that is associated with the perception of xerostomia. PMID:23523462

[Temporal change in annual air temperature and heat island effect in a coastal city and an inland city at mid-latitude in China during 1956-1998].

PubMed

Chao, Lu-men; Sun, Jian-xin

2009-12-01

Temporal changes in air temperature and urban heat island (UHI) effects during 1956-1998 were compared between a coastal city, Ji' nan, and an inland city, Xi' an, which were similar in latitude, size and development. During 1956-1978, except that the annual mean minimum temperature in Ji' nan increased by 0.37 degrees C x 10 a(-1), the temperature variables in the two cities did not display any apparent trend. During 1979-1998, all temperature variables of the two cities showed an increasing trend. Comparing with that in Ji' nan, the increasing rate of annual mean maximum temperature and annual mean temperature in Xi' an was greater, but that of annual mean minimum temperature was smaller. In the two cities, heat island effect occurred during 1956-1978 but without any apparent trend, whereas during 1979-1998, this effect increased with time, especially in Xi' an where the annual mean minimum temperature and annual mean temperature increased by 0.22 degrees C x 10 a(-1) and 0.32 degrees C x 10 a(-1), respectively. Both the level and the inter-annual variation of the heat island effect were much greater in Ji' nan than in Xi' an, but the increasing rate of this effect was greater in Xi' an than in Ji' nan. Obvious differences were observed in the increasing rate of annual mean maximum air temperature, annual mean air temperature, and annual mean minimum temperature as well as the heat island effect in Ji' nan, whereas negligible differences were found in Xi' an. Among the three temperature variables, annual mean minimum temperature displayed the most obvious increasing trend and was most affected by heat island effect, while annual mean maximum temperature was most variable inter-annually. Geographical location not only affected the magnitude of urban warming, but also affected the mode of urban warming and the strength of heat island effect.

Cristobalite X-I: A bridge between low and high density silica polymorphs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shelton, H.; Tiange, B.; Zurek, E.; Smith, J.; Dera, P.

2017-12-01

SiO2 is one of the most common compounds found on Earth. Despite its chemical simplicity, and because of its crystal chemical characteristics, SiO2 exhibits a complex phase diagram. SiO2 has a wide variety of thermodynamically stable crystalline phases, as well as numerous metastable crystalline and amorphous polymorphs. Many of the phase transition sequences that produce metastable phases of SiO2 are strongly path-dependent, where the rate of change controls the transition just as much as the final conditions. The elusive metastable polymorphs of SiO2 may provide a better understanding of the factors controlling its densification. On compression of α-cristobalite (the high temperature tetrahedral phase of SiO2) to pressures above 12 GPa, a new polymorph known as cristobalite X-I forms. Existence of cristobalite X-I has been known for several decades, however, consensus regarding the exact atomic arrangement has not yet been reached. The X-I phase constitutes an important step in the silica densification process, separating low-density tetrahedral framework structures from high-density octahedral polymorphs. It is unique in being the only non-quenchable high-density SiO2 phase, which reverts back to the tetrahedral low-density form on decompression at ambient temperature. Our new single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments, with quasihydrostatic neon as the pressure medium, revealed the structure of this enigmatic phase to consist of octahedral silicate chains with 4-60°-2 zigzag chain geometry. This geometry has not been considered before, but is closely related to post-quartz, stishovite and seifertite. Density functional theory calculations support this observation, confirming the dynamic stability of the X-I arrangement and reasonably reproducing the pressure at which the transformation takes place. The enthalpy of cristobalite X-I is higher than stishovite and seifertite, but it is favored as a high-pressure successor of cristobalite due to a unique transformation pathway.

Neuroanatomical basis of Sandifer's syndrome: a new vagal reflex?

PubMed

Cerimagic, Denis; Ivkic, Goran; Bilic, Ervina

2008-01-01

Sandifer's syndrome is a gastrointestinal disorder with neurological features. It is characterized by reflex torticollis following deglutition in patients with gastroesophageal reflux and/or hiatal hernia. The authors believe that neurological manifestations of the syndrome are the consequence of vagal reflex with the reflex center in nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS). Three models for the neuroanatomical basis of the hypothetic reflex arc are presented. In the first one the hypothetic reflex arc is based on the classic hypothesis of two components nervus accessorius (n.XI) - radix cranialis (RC) and radix spinalis (RS) The nervous impulses are transmitted by nervus vagus (n.X) general visceral afferent (GVA) fibers to NTS situated in medulla oblongata, then by interneuronal connections on nucleus ambiguus (NA) and nucleus dorsalis nervi vagi (NDX). Special visceral efferent fibers (SVE) impulses from NA are in part transferred to n.XI ramus externus (RE) (carrying the majority of general somatic efferent (GSE) fibers) via hypothetic anastomoses in the region of foramen jugulare. This leads to contraction of trapezius and sternocleidomastoideus muscles, and the occurrence of intermittent torticollis. In the second suggested neuroanatomical model the hypothetic reflex arc is organized in the absence of n.XI RC, the efferent part of the reflex arc continues as NA, which is motor nucleus of nervus glossopharyngeus (n.IX) and n.X in this case while distal roots of n.XI that appear at the level of the olivary nucleus lower edge represent n.X roots. In the third presented model the hypothetic reflex arc includes no jugular transfer and could be realized via interneuronal connections directly from NTS to the spinal motoneurons within nucleus radicis spinalis nervi accessorii (NRS n.XI) or from NA to NRS n.XI. The afferent segment of the postulated reflex arc in all three models is mediated via n.X. We conclude that Sandifer's syndrome is a clinical manifestation of another vagal reflex that could be termed a "vagocervical" or "esophagocervical" reflex, based on the neuroanatomical hypotheses elaborated in this paper.

Harnessing electrical power from vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Soti, Atul Kumar; Thompson, Mark C.; Sheridan, John; Bhardwaj, Rajneesh

2017-04-01

The generation of electrical power from Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV) of a cylinder is investigated numerically. The cylinder is free to oscillate in the direction transverse to the incoming flow. The cylinder is attached to a magnet that can move along the axis of a coil made from conducting wire. The magnet and the coil together constitute a basic electrical generator. When the cylinder undergoes VIV, the motion of the magnet creates a voltage across the coil, which is connected to a resistive load. By Lenz's law, induced current in the coil applies a retarding force to the magnet. Effectively, the electrical generator applies a damping force on the cylinder with a spatially varying damping coefficient. For the initial investigation reported here, the Reynolds number is restricted to Re < 200, so that the flow is laminar and two-dimensional (2D). The incompressible 2D Navier-Stokes equations are solved using an extensively validated spectral-element based solver. The effects of the electromagnetic (EM) damping constant xi_m, coil dimensions (radius a, length L), and mass ratio on the electrical power extracted are quantified. It is found that there is an optimal value of xi_m (xi_opt) at which maximum electrical power is generated. As the radius or length of the coil is increased, the value of xi_opt is observed to increase. Although the maximum average power remains the same, a larger coil radius or length results in a more robust system in the sense that a relatively large amount of power can be extracted when xi_m is far from xi_opt, unlike the constant damping ratio case. The average power output is also a function of Reynolds number, primarily through the increased maximum oscillation amplitude that occurs with increased Reynolds number at least within the laminar range, although the general qualitative findings seem likely to carry across to high Reynolds number VIV.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lucconi, G; Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Bentefour, E

Purpose: The clinical commissioning of a workflow for pre-treatment range verification/adjustment for the head treatment of pediatric medulloblastoma patients, including dose monitoring during treatment. Methods: An array of Si-diodes (DIODES Incorporated) is placed on the patient skin on the opposite side to the beam entrance. A “scout” SOBP beam, with a longer beam range to cover the diodes in its plateau, is delivered; the measured signal is analyzed and the extracted water equivalent path lengths (WEPL) are compared to the expected values, revealing if a range correction is needed. Diodes stay in place during treatment to measure dose. The workflowmore » was tested in solid water and head phantoms and validated against independent WEPL measurements. Both measured WEPL and skin doses were compared to computed values from the TPS (XiO); a Markus chamber was used for reference dose measurements. Results: The WEPL accuracy of the method was verified by comparing it with the dose extinction method. It resulted, for both solid water and head phantom, in the sub-millimeter range, with a deviation less than 1% to the value extracted from the TPS. The accuracy of dose measurements in the fall-off part of the dose profile was validated against the Markus chamber. The entire range verification workflow was successfully tested for the mock-treatment of head phantom with the standard delivery of 90 cGy per field per fraction. The WEPL measurement revealed no need for range correction. The dose measurements agreed to better than 4% with the prescription dose. The robustness of the method and workflow, including detector array, hardware set and software functions, was successfully stress-tested with multiple repetitions. Conclusion: The performance of the in-vivo range verification system and related workflow meet the clinical requirements in terms of the needed WEPL accuracy for pretreatment range verification with acceptable dose to the patient.« less

The ESO Slice Project (ESP) galaxy redshift survey. VII. The redshift and real-space correlation functions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guzzo, L.; Bartlett, J. G.; Cappi, A.; Maurogordato, S.; Zucca, E.; Zamorani, G.; Balkowski, C.; Blanchard, A.; Cayatte, V.; Chincarini, G.; Collins, C. A.; Maccagni, D.; MacGillivray, H.; Merighi, R.; Mignoli, M.; Proust, D.; Ramella, M.; Scaramella, R.; Stirpe, G. M.; Vettolani, G.

2000-03-01

We present analyses of the two-point correlation properties of the ESO Slice Project (ESP) galaxy redshift survey, both in redshift and real space. From the redshift-space correlation function $xi (r) i(s) we are able to trace positive clustering out to separations as large as 50 h^{-1} Mpc, after which xi (r) i(s) smoothly breaks down, crossing the zero value between 60 and 80 h^{-1} Mpc. This is best seen from the whole magnitude-limited redshift catalogue, using the J_3 miniμm-variance weighting estimator. xi (r) i(s) is reasonably well described by a shallow power law with \\gamma\\sim 1.5 between 3 and 50 h^{-1} Mpc, while on smaller scales (0.2-2 h^{-1} Mpc) it has a shallower slope (\\gamma\\sim 1). This flattening is shown to be mostly due to the redshift-space damping produced by virialized structures, and is less evident when volume-limited samples of the survey are analysed. We examine the full effect of redshift-space distortions by computing the two-dimensional correlation function xi (r) i(r_p,\\pi) , from which we project out the real-space xi (r) i(r) below 10 h^{-1} Mpc. This function is well described by a power-law model (r/r_o)^{-\\gamma}, with r_o=4.15^{+0.20}_{-0.21} h^{-1} Mpc and \\gamma=1.67^{+0.07}_{-0.09} for the whole magnitude-limited catalogue. Comparison to other redshift surveys shows a consistent picture in which galaxy clustering remains positive out to separations of 50 h^{-1} Mpc or larger, in substantial agreement with the results obtained from angular surveys like the APM and EDSGC. Also the shape of the two-point correlation function is remarkably unanimous among these data sets, in all cases requiring more power on scales larger than 5 h^{-1} Mpc (a `shoulder'), with respect to a simple extrapolation of the canonical xi (r) i(r) =(r/5)^{-1.8}. The analysis of xi (r) i(s) for volume-limited subsamples with different luminosity shows evidence of luminosity segregation only for the most luminous sample with Mb_J <= -20.5. For these galaxies, the amplitude of clustering is on all scales >4 h^{-1} Mpc about a factor of 2 above that of all other subsamples containing less luminous galaxies. When redshift-space distortions are removed through projection of xi (r) i(r_p,\\pi) , however, a weak dependence on luminosity is seen at small separations also at fainter magnitudes, resulting in a growth of r_o from 3.45_{-0.30}^{+0.21} h^{-1} Mpc to 5.15_{-0.44}^{+0.39} h^{-1} Mpc, when the limiting absolute magnitude of the sample changes from M=-18.5 to M=-20. This effect is masked in redshift space, as the mean pairwise velocity dispersion experiences a parallel increase, basically erasing the effect of the clustering growth on xi (r) i(s) . Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, La Silla, Chile.}

OATYC Journal; Vol. XI, Nos. 1-2, Fall 1985-Spring 1986.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fullen, James, Ed.

1986-01-01

"OATYC Journal," which is published by the Ohio Association of Two-Year Colleges, is designed as a forum for the exchange of concepts, methods, and findings relevant to the two-year college classroom. Along with commentaries and letters of reaction from the readership, the two issues of volume XI contain the following: (1) "Focus:…

Singularly Perturbed Equations in the Critical Case.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-02-01

asymptotic properties of the differential equation (1) in the noncritical case (all ReXi (t) ɘ) . We will consider the critical case (k 0) ; the...the inequality (3), that is, ReXi (t,a) < 0 (58) The matrix ca(t,a) , consisting of the eigenvectors corresponding to w 0 , now has the form I (P -(t

77 FR 21813 - Changes to the Generic Aging Lessons Learned (GALL) Report Revision 2 AMP XI.M41, “Buried and...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-04-11

... NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION [NRC-2012-0055] Changes to the Generic Aging Lessons Learned (GALL) Report Revision 2 AMP XI.M41, ``Buried and Underground Piping and Tanks'' AGENCY: Nuclear Regulatory... NUREG-1801, Revision 2, ``Generic Aging Lessons Learned (GALL) Report,'' and the NRC staff's aging...

High Order Well-balanced WENO Scheme for the Gas Dynamics Equations under Gravitational Fields

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-11-12

there exists the hydrostatic balance where the flux produced by the pressure is canceled by the gravitational source term. Many astro - physical...approximation to W (x) to obtain an approximation to W ′(xi) = fx (U(xi, yj)). See again [7, 15] for more details of finite difference WENO schemes in

[Book reviews] The Science of Allelopathy, edited by A. R. Putnam and C. Tang; Allelopathy, by E .L. Rice

USGS Publications Warehouse

Keeley, J.E.

1988-01-01

Review of: Putnam, Alan R., and Chung-Shih Tang (eds.). 1986. The science of allelopathy. Wiley-Interscience Publications, John Wiley and Sons, New York. xi + 317 p. $52.50. Rice, Elroy L. 1984. Allelopathy. Second Edition. Academic Press, New York. xi + 422 p. $71.00.

Poster — Thur Eve — 57: Evaluation of laryngeal mucosal dose with conventional linac and TomoTherapy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Nusrat, H; Lekx, K; Eapen, L

2014-08-15

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not underdosing occurs in the mucosal layer during treatment of glottis cancer. A larynx phantom was produced and regions at risk of recurrence due to suspected underdosing were identified and wells drilled into the phantom for flush placement of TLDs. Seven interest points were chosen. CT simulation was completed prior to the wells being drilled, and again afterwards with the TLD locations indicated using BBs. Treatment plans created for this investigation included: 3DCRT using Elekta-XiO (n=9) and VMAT created using Elekta-Monaco (n=9), both delivered on an Elekta linac; standard TomoTherapymore » plan (n=11) and a directionally blocked TomoTherapy plan to approximate a 3D-conformal approach (n=5). Imaging dose during TomoTherapy deliveries was accounted for. The average TLD result at each interest point was compared to the planned value using a paired t-test. There was no significant difference between the planned and measured 3DCRT dose (268.9 vs. 267.0 cGy, respectively; p>0.05). Similarly, the planned and measured TomoTherapy treatment did not show any significant differences (271.7 vs 269.7 cGy; p>0.05). In the blocked TomoTherapy plan, significant overdosing was seen (274.5 vs 294.9 cGy; p<0.05) and underdosing was not seen in the VMAT treatment (303.5 vs 321.8 cGy; p>0.05). Further investigation is ongoing to ensure appropriate normalization of results and to investigate the overdosing noted with the blocked TomoTherapy plan. Results from this study suggest that significant underdosing does not occur in the conventional treatment of early glottic cancer using 6MV photons.« less

A Comprehensive Strategy to Evaluate Compatible Stability of Chinese Medicine Injection and Infusion Solutions Based on Chemical Analysis and Bioactivity Assay.

PubMed

Li, Jian-Ping; Liu, Yang; Guo, Jian-Ming; Shang, Er-Xin; Zhu, Zhen-Hua; Zhu, Kevin Y; Tang, Yu-Ping; Zhao, Bu-Chang; Tang, Zhi-Shu; Duan, Jin-Ao

2017-01-01

Stability of traditional Chinese medicine injection (TCMI) is an important issue related with its clinical application. TCMI is composed of multi-components, therefore, when evaluating TCMI stability, several marker compounds cannot represent global components or biological activities of TCMI. Till now, when evaluating TCMI stability, method involving the global components or biological activities has not been reported. In this paper, we established a comprehensive strategy composed of three different methods to evaluate the chemical and biological stability of a typical TCMI, Danhong injection (DHI). UHPLC-TQ/MS was used to analyze the stability of marker compounds (SaA, SaB, RA, DSS, PA, CA, and SG) in DHI, UHPLC-QTOF/MS was used to analyze the stability of global components (MW 80-1000 Da) in DHI, and cell based antioxidant capability assay was used to evaluate the bioactivity of DHI. We applied this strategy to assess the compatible stability of DHI and six infusion solutions (GS, NS, GNS, FI, XI, and DGI), which were commonly used in combination with DHI in clinic. GS was the best infusion solution for DHI, and DGI was the worst one based on marker compounds analysis. Based on global components analysis, XI and DGI were the worst infusion solutions for DHI. And based on bioactivity assay, GS was the best infusion solution for DHI, and XI was the worst one. In conclusion, as evaluated by the established comprehensive strategy, GS was the best infusion solution, however, XI and DGI were the worst infusion solutions for DHI. In the compatibility of DHI and XI or DGI, salvianolic acids in DHI would be degraded, resulting in the reduction of original composition and generation of new components, and leading to the changes of biological activities. This is the essence of instability compatibility of DHI and some infusion solutions. Our study provided references for choosing the reasonable infusion solutions for DHI, which could contribute the improvement of safety and efficacy of DHI. Moreover, the established strategy may be applied for the compatible stability evaluation of other TCMIs.

First series of total robotic hysterectomy (TRH) using new integrated table motion for the da Vinci Xi: feasibility, safety and efficacy.

PubMed

Giannini, Andrea; Russo, Eleonora; Mannella, Paolo; Palla, Giulia; Pisaneschi, Silvia; Cecchi, Elena; Maremmani, Michele; Morelli, Luca; Perutelli, Alessandra; Cela, Vito; Melfi, Franca; Simoncini, Tommaso

2017-08-01

To present the first case series of total robotic hysterectomy (TRH), using integrated table motion (ITM), which is a new feature comprising a unique operating table by Trumpf Medical that communicates wirelessly with the da Vinci Xi surgical system. ITM has been specifically developed to improve multiquadrant robotic surgery such as that conducted in colorectal surgery. Between May and October 2015, a prospective post-market study was conducted on ITM in the EU in 40 cases from different specialties. The gynecological study group comprised 12 patients. Primary endpoints were ITM feasibility, safety and efficacy. Ten patients underwent TRH. Mean number of ITM moves was three during TRH; there were 31 instances of table moves in the ten procedures. Twenty-eight of 31 ITM moves were made to gain internal exposure. The endoscope remained inserted during 29 of the 31 table movements (94%), while the instruments remained inserted during 27 of the 31 moves (87%). No external instrument collisions or other problems related to the operating table were noted. There were no ITM safety-related observations and no adverse events. This preliminary study demonstrated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of ITM for the da Vinci Xi surgical system in TRH. ITM was safe, with no adverse events related to its use. Further studies will be useful to define the real role and potential benefit of ITM in gynecological surgery.

A comparison between anisotropic analytical and multigrid superposition dose calculation algorithms in radiotherapy treatment planning

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Wu, Vincent W.C., E-mail: htvinwu@polyu.edu.hk; Tse, Teddy K.H.; Ho, Cola L.M.

2013-07-01

Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is currently the most accurate dose calculation algorithm in radiotherapy planning but requires relatively long processing time. Faster model-based algorithms such as the anisotropic analytical algorithm (AAA) by the Eclipse treatment planning system and multigrid superposition (MGS) by the XiO treatment planning system are 2 commonly used algorithms. This study compared AAA and MGS against MC, as the gold standard, on brain, nasopharynx, lung, and prostate cancer patients. Computed tomography of 6 patients of each cancer type was used. The same hypothetical treatment plan using the same machine and treatment prescription was computed for each casemore » by each planning system using their respective dose calculation algorithm. The doses at reference points including (1) soft tissues only, (2) bones only, (3) air cavities only, (4) soft tissue-bone boundary (Soft/Bone), (5) soft tissue-air boundary (Soft/Air), and (6) bone-air boundary (Bone/Air), were measured and compared using the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), which was a function of the percentage dose deviations from MC. Besides, the computation time of each treatment plan was recorded and compared. The MAPEs of MGS were significantly lower than AAA in all types of cancers (p<0.001). With regards to body density combinations, the MAPE of AAA ranged from 1.8% (soft tissue) to 4.9% (Bone/Air), whereas that of MGS from 1.6% (air cavities) to 2.9% (Soft/Bone). The MAPEs of MGS (2.6%±2.1) were significantly lower than that of AAA (3.7%±2.5) in all tissue density combinations (p<0.001). The mean computation time of AAA for all treatment plans was significantly lower than that of the MGS (p<0.001). Both AAA and MGS algorithms demonstrated dose deviations of less than 4.0% in most clinical cases and their performance was better in homogeneous tissues than at tissue boundaries. In general, MGS demonstrated relatively smaller dose deviations than AAA but required longer computation time.« less

The Richness Dependence of Galaxy Cluster Correlations: Results From A Redshift Survey Of Rich APM Clusters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Croft, R. A. C.; Dalton, G. B.; Efstathiou, G.; Sutherland, W. J.; Maddox, S. J.

1997-01-01

We analyze the spatial clustering properties of a new catalog of very rich galaxy clusters selected from the APM Galaxy Survey. These clusters are of comparable richness and space density to Abell Richness Class greater than or equal to 1 clusters, but selected using an objective algorithm from a catalog demonstrably free of artificial inhomogeneities. Evaluation of the two-point correlation function xi(sub cc)(r) for the full sample and for richer subsamples reveals that the correlation amplitude is consistent with that measured for lower richness APM clusters and X-ray selected clusters. We apply a maximum likelihood estimator to find the best fitting slope and amplitude of a power law fit to x(sub cc)(r), and to estimate the correlation length r(sub 0) (the value of r at which xi(sub cc)(r) is equal to unity). For clusters with a mean space density of 1.6 x 10(exp -6) h(exp 3) MpC(exp -3) (equivalent to the space density of Abell Richness greater than or equal to 2 clusters), we find r(sub 0) = 21.3(+11.1/-9.3) h(exp -1) Mpc (95% confidence limits). This is consistent with the weak richness dependence of xi(sub cc)(r) expected in Gaussian models of structure formation. In particular, the amplitude of xi(sub cc)(r) at all richnesses matches that of xi(sub cc)(r) for clusters selected in N-Body simulations of a low density Cold Dark Matter model.

The Obama - Xi Accord: A Need for Further Action

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tribett, W. R.; Hope, A. P.; Canty, T. P.; Salawitch, R. J.

2015-12-01

Presidents Barrack Obama of the United States and Jinping Xi of China recently announced a bilateral framework to reduce the total carbon emissions of their respective countries. The U.S. agreed to reduce annual carbon emissions such that by 2025, emissions would be 27% below 2005 levels. China agreed to achieve peak carbon emissions around 2030 coupled with a best effort to peak early. Here we analyze the implications of the Obama-Xi accord for total global carbon emissions (GCE) out to year 2060, using projections of population, economic growth, and carbon intensity for the rest of the world as well as various assumptions regarding how emissions from the U.S. and China will evolve after the timeframe of the Obama-Xi accord. Our GCE projections will be compared to those of the four Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) emission scenarios used in the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5). The Obama-Xi accord is shown to be a meaningful first step: if followed, the actual GCE will likely fall below RCP 8.5 between now and 2060. The U.S., China, and rest of the world presently emit 4.5, 2.0, and 1.1 tonne of carbon per person per year (tpy), respectively. We show that if the world's nations adopt a strategy of "Contraction and Convergence", such that per capita emission for each country reaches 1.0 tpy by 2060, actual GCE will approach that of RCP 4.5 by year 2060. Such action may be needed to reduce the risk of the most dire global warming forecasts within IPCC AR5.

Human plasma kallikrein and tissue kallikrein binding to a substrate based on the reactive site of a factor Xa inhibitor isolated from Bauhinia ungulata seeds.

PubMed

Oliva, M L; Andrade, S A; Batista, I F; Sampaio, M U; Juliano, M; Fritz, H; Auerswald, E A; Sampaio, C A

1999-12-01

Kunitz type Bauhinia ungulata factor Xa inhibitor (BuXI) was purified from B. ungulata seeds. BuXI inactivates factor Xa and human plasma kallikrein (HuPK) with Ki values of 18.4 and 6.9 nM, respectively. However, Bauhinia variegata trypsin inhibitor (BvTI) which is 70% homologous to BuXI does not inhibit factor Xa and is less efficient on HuPK (Ki = 80 nM). The comparison between BuXI and BvTI reactive site structure indicates differences at Met59, Thr66 and Met67 residues. The hydrolysis rate of quenched fluorescence peptide substrates based on BuXI reactive site sequence, Abz-VMIAALPRTMFIQ-EDDnp (leading peptide), by HuPK and porcine pancreatic kallikrein (PoPK) is low, but hydrolysis is enhanced with Abz-VMIAALPRTMQ-EDDnp, derived from the leading peptide shortened by removing the dipeptide Phe-Ileu from the C-terminal portion, for HuPK (Km = 0.68 microM, k(cat)/Km = 1.3 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1)), and the shorter substrate Abz-LPRTMQ-EDDnp is better for PoPK (Km = 0.66 microM, k(cat)/Km = 2.2 x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1)). The contribution of substrate methionine residues to HuPK and PoPK hydrolysis differs from that observed with factor Xa. The determined Km and k(cat) values suggest that the substrates interact with kallikreins the same as an enzyme and inhibitor interacts to form complexes.

Using Optimal Dependency-Trees for Combinatorial Optimization: Learning the Structure of the Search Space.

DTIC Science & Technology

1997-01-01

create a dependency tree containing an optimum set of n-1 first-order dependencies. To do this, first, we select an arbitrary bit Xroot to place at the...the root to an arbitrary bit Xroot -For all other bits Xi, set bestMatchingBitInTree[Xi] to Xroot . -While not all bits have been

l-Arabinose Isomerase and d-Xylose Isomerase from Lactobacillus reuteri: Characterization, Coexpression in the Food Grade Host Lactobacillus plantarum, and Application in the Conversion of d-Galactose and d-Glucose

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

The l-arabinose isomerase (l-AI) and the d-xylose isomerase (d-XI) encoding genes from Lactobacillus reuteri (DSMZ 17509) were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The proteins were purified to homogeneity by one-step affinity chromatography and characterized biochemically. l-AI displayed maximum activity at 65 °C and pH 6.0, whereas d-XI showed maximum activity at 65 °C and pH 5.0. Both enzymes require divalent metal ions. The genes were also ligated into the inducible lactobacillal expression vectors pSIP409 and pSIP609, the latter containing a food grade auxotrophy marker instead of an antibiotic resistance marker, and the l-AI- and d-XI-encoding sequences/genes were coexpressed in the food grade host Lactobacillus plantarum. The recombinant enzymes were tested for applications in carbohydrate conversion reactions of industrial relevance. The purified l-AI converted d-galactose to d-tagatose with a maximum conversion rate of 35%, and the d-XI isomerized d-glucose to d-fructose with a maximum conversion rate of 48% at 60 °C. PMID:24443973

Regulation of organ straightening and plant posture by an actin-myosin XI cytoskeleton.

PubMed

Okamoto, Keishi; Ueda, Haruko; Shimada, Tomoo; Tamura, Kentaro; Kato, Takehide; Tasaka, Masao; Morita, Miyo Terao; Hara-Nishimura, Ikuko

2015-03-23

Plants are able to bend nearly every organ in response to environmental stimuli such as gravity and light(1,2). After this first phase, the responses to stimuli are restrained by an independent mechanism, or even reversed, so that the organ will stop bending and attain its desired posture. This phenomenon of organ straightening has been called autotropism(3) and autostraightening(4) and modelled as proprioception(5). However, the machinery that drives organ straightening and where it occurs are mostly unknown. Here, we show that the straightening of inflorescence stems is regulated by an actin-myosin XI cytoskeleton in specialized immature fibre cells that are parallel to the stem and encircle it in a thin band. Arabidopsis mutants defective in myosin XI (specifically XIf and XIk) or ACTIN8 exhibit hyperbending of stems in response to gravity, an effect independent of the physical properties of the shoots. The actin-myosin XI cytoskeleton enables organs to attain their new position more rapidly than would an oscillating series of diminishing overshoots in environmental stimuli. We propose that the long actin filaments in elongating fibre cells act as a bending tensile sensor to perceive the organ's posture and trigger the straightening system.

Efficacy of the treatments used for the control of Caligus rogercresseyi infecting Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in a new fish-farming location in Region XI, Chile.

PubMed

Bravo, S; Nuñez, M; Silva, M T

2013-03-01

Caligus rogercresseyi is the most important parasite affecting Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout farming in sea water in Chile. After the outbreaks of the infectious salmon anaemia recorded in Region X from 2007, the salmon industry has expanded southwards to Region XI, where 60% of Atlantic salmon in Chile is now produced. In parallel with the relocation of salmon production, sea lice infestation has also spread to Region XI, and today C. rogercresseyi is the most serious threat to the salmon-farming industry in this region. The results obtained through a year of monitoring between September 2007 and August 2008 on a farm located in the 'Las Guaitecas Archipelago' in Region XI (44°S; 74°W) showed that treatments with emamectin benzoate and deltamethrin did not give the expected control of Caligus. Failures of the treatments were associated with the loss of sensitivity recorded for C. rogercresseyi to emamectin benzoate in Region X. In addition, a major influence was the lack of delousing coordination measures with the neighbouring farms sharing the same area in that period. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Parkin promotes proteasomal degradation of synaptotagmin IV by accelerating polyubiquitination.

PubMed

Kabayama, Hiroyuki; Tokushige, Naoko; Takeuchi, Makoto; Kabayama, Miyuki; Fukuda, Mitsunori; Mikoshiba, Katsuhiko

2017-04-01

Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase whose mutations cause autosomal recessive juvenile Parkinson's disease (PD). Unlike the human phenotype, parkin knockout (KO) mice show no apparent dopamine neuron degeneration, although they demonstrate reduced expression and activity of striatal mitochondrial proteins believed to be necessary for neuronal survival. Instead, parkin-KO mice show reduced striatal evoked dopamine release, abnormal synaptic plasticity, and non-motor symptoms, all of which appear to mimic the preclinical features of Parkinson's disease. Extensive studies have screened candidate synaptic proteins responsible for reduced evoked dopamine release, and synaptotagmin XI (Syt XI), an isoform of Syt family regulating membrane trafficking, has been identified as a substrate of parkin in humans. However, its expression level is unaltered in the striatum of parkin-KO mice. Thus, the target(s) of parkin and the molecular mechanisms underlying the impaired dopamine release in parkin-KO mice remain unknown. In this study, we focused on Syt IV because of its highly homology to Syt XI, and because they share an evolutionarily conserved lack of Ca 2+ -binding capacity; thus, Syt IV plays an inhibitory role in Ca 2+ -dependent neurotransmitter release in PC12 cells and neurons in various brain regions. We found that a proteasome inhibitor increased Syt IV protein, but not Syt XI protein, in neuron-like, differentiated PC12 cells, and that parkin interacted with and polyubiquitinated Syt IV, thereby accelerating its protein turnover. Parkin overexpression selectively degraded Syt IV protein, but not Syt I protein (indispensable for Ca 2+ -dependent exocytosis), thus enhancing depolarization-dependent exocytosis. Furthermore, in parkin-KO mice, the level of striatal Syt IV protein was increased. Our data indicate a crucial role for parkin in the proteasomal degradation of Syt IV, and provide a potential mechanism of parkin-regulated, evoked neurotransmitter release. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

SU-E-T-129: Dosimetric Evaluation of the Impact of Density Correction On Dose Calculation of Breast Cancer Treatment: A Study Based On RTOG 1005 Cases

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Li, J; Yu, Y

Purpose: RTOG 1005 requires density correction in the dose calculation of breast cancer radiation treatment. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of density correction on the dose calculation. Methods: Eight cases were studied, which were planned on an XiO treatment planning system with pixel-by-pixel density correction using a superposition algorithm, following RTOG 1005 protocol requirements. Four were protocol Arm 1 (standard whole breast irradiation with sequential boost) cases and four were Arm 2 (hypofractionated whole breast irradiation with concurrent boost) cases. The plans were recalculated with the same monitor units without density correction. Dose calculations withmore » and without density correction were compared. Results: Results of Arm 1 and Arm 2 cases showed similar trends in the comparison. The average differences between the calculations with and without density correction (difference = Without - With) among all the cases were: -0.82 Gy (range: -2.65∼−0.18 Gy) in breast PTV Eval D95, −0.75 Gy (range: −1.23∼0.26 Gy) in breast PTV Eval D90, −1.00 Gy (range: −2.46∼−0.29 Gy) in lumpectomy PTV Eval D95, −0.78 Gy (range: −1.30∼0.11 Gy) in lumpectomy PTV Eval D90, −0.43% (range: −0.95∼−0.14%) in ipsilateral lung V20, −0.81% (range: −1.62∼−0.26%) in V16, −1.95% (range: −4.13∼−0.84%) in V10, −2.64% (−5.55∼−1.04%) in V8, −4.19% (range: −6.92∼−1.81%) in V5, and −4.95% (range: −7.49∼−2.01%) in V4, respectively. The differences in other normal tissues were minimal. Conclusion: The effect of density correction was observed in breast target doses (an average increase of ∼1 Gy in D95 and D90, compared to the calculation without density correction) and exposed ipsilateral lung volumes in low dose region (average increases of ∼4% and ∼5% in V5 and V4, respectively)« less

Total robotic radical rectal resection with da Vinci Xi system: single docking, single phase technique.

PubMed

Tamhankar, Anup Sunil; Jatal, Sudhir; Saklani, Avanish

2016-12-01

This study aims to assess the advantages of Da Vinci Xi system in rectal cancer surgery. It also assesses the initial oncological outcomes after rectal resection with this system from a tertiary cancer center in India. Robotic rectal surgery has distinct advantages over laparoscopy. Total robotic resection is increasing following the evolution of hybrid technology. The latest Da Vinci Xi system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, USA) is enabled with newer features to make total robotic resection possible with single docking and single phase. Thirty-six patients underwent total robotic resection in a single phase and single docking. We used newer port positions in a straight line. Median distance from the anal verge was 4.5 cm. Median robotic docking time and robotic procedure time were 9 and 280 min, respectively. Median blood loss was 100 mL. One patient needed conversion to an open approach due to advanced disease. Circumferential resection margin and longitudinal resection margins were uninvolved in all other patients. Median lymph node yield was 10. Median post-operative stay was 7 days. There were no intra-operative adverse events. The latest Da Vinci Xi system has made total robotic rectal surgery feasible in single docking and single phase. With the new system, four arm total robotic rectal surgery may replace the hybrid technique of laparoscopic and robotic surgery for rectal malignancies. The learning curve for the new system appears to be shorter than anticipated. Early perioperative and oncological outcomes of total robotic rectal surgery with the new system are promising. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Self-reported oral health and xerostomia in adult patients with celiac disease versus a comparison group.

PubMed

van Gils, Tom; Bouma, Gerd; Bontkes, Hetty J; Mulder, Chris J J; Brand, Henk S

2017-08-01

This study aimed to assess the impact of celiac disease (CD) on oral health and xerostomia. Members of the Dutch Celiac Society (n = 5522) were invited to complete an online questionnaire based on the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) and Xerostomia Inventory (XI). Acquaintances and partners of the CD respondents served as the comparison group. In total, data of 740 patients with CD and 270 comparison participants were evaluated. The median age of the responding patients with CD (55 years) was similar to the median age in the comparison group (53 years). Oral health problems, including aphthous stomatitis, painful mouth, and gingival problems, were more frequently reported by patients with CD. Mean OHIP-14 score (4.9 vs 2.6; P < .001) and the mean XI score (22.2 vs 17.2; P < .001) were higher in the CD group than in the comparison group. No significant effects of gender, age at CD diagnosis, or time on a gluten-free diet in mean OHIP-14 and XI scores were observed. This study showed that oral health problems are more commonly experienced in adult patients with CD than in the comparison group. Collaboration between dentists and gastroenterologists is recommended to increase detection of undiagnosed CD. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

VizieR Online Data Catalog: xi Tau UBV and MOST light curves (Nemravova+, 2016)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nemravova, J. A.; Harmanec, P.; Broz, M.; Vokrouhlicky, D.; Mourard, D.; Hummel, C. A.; Cameron, C.; Matthews, J. M.; Bolton, C. T.; Bozic, H.; Chini, R.; Dembsky, T.; Engle, S.; Farrington, C.; Grunhut, J. H.; Guenther, D. B.; Guinan, E. F.; Korcakova, D.; Koubsky, P.; Kiek, R.; Kuschnig, R.; Mayer, P.; McCook, G. P.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Nardetto, N.; Pra, A.; Ribeiro, J.; Rowe, J.; Rucinski, S.; Skoda, P.; Slechta, M.; Tallon-Bosc, I.; Votruba, V.; Weiss, W. W.; Wolf, M.; Zasche, P.; Zavala, R. T.

2016-05-01

We present reduced observations, that were used in study of the quadruple hierarchical binary xi Tauri. The observational material consists of radial-velocity measurements (tabled1.dat), photometric measurements in the MOST filter (tabled2.dat), and Johnson's U (tabled3.dat), B (tabled4.dat), and V (tabled5.dat), and spectro-interferometric measurements represented by squared visibility moduli (tabled6.dat), and closure phases (tabled7.dat). The~description of the reductions is given in Appendices A (the spectroscopy), B (the photometry), and C (the spectro-interferometry). The procedure of radial-velocity measuring is described in Sect. 3.1. Headers of Tables D.1-D.7 published electronically are also given in Appendix D. (7 data files).

Helicusin E, isochromophilone X and isochromophilone XI: new chloroazaphilones produced by the fungus Bartalinia robillardoides strain LF550.

PubMed

Jansen, Nils; Ohlendorf, Birgit; Erhard, Arlette; Bruhn, Torsten; Bringmann, Gerhard; Imhoff, Johannes F

2013-03-12

Microbial studies of the Mediterranean sponge Tethya aurantium led to the isolation of the fungus Bartalinia robillardoides strain LF550. The strain produced a number of secondary metabolites belonging to the chloroazaphilones. This is the first report on the isolation of chloroazaphilones of a fungal strain belonging to the genus Bartalinia. Besides some known compounds (helicusin A (1) and deacetylsclerotiorin (2)), three new chloroazaphilones (helicusin E (3); isochromophilone X (4) and isochromophilone XI (5)) and one new pentaketide (bartanolide (6)) were isolated. The structure elucidations were based on spectroscopic analyses. All isolated compounds revealed different biological activity spectra against a test panel of four bacteria: three fungi; two tumor cell lines and two enzymes.

Artificial Oxide Heterostructures with Tunable Band Gap

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-20

PIs: Xiaoxing Xi 1, and Jon Spanier2 1. Department of Physics , Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA 2. Department of Materials Science...been summarized in the following. Our thin-film experimental group under the leadership of Prof. Xiaoxing Xi at physics department of Temple...theoretical group of Xifan Wu at physics department of Temple University. The first- principles calculations were performed by using density functional theory

Structural Integrity of Water Reactor Pressure Boundary Components.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-08-01

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code , Sec. Ill). Estimates of the upper shelf K level from small-specimen...from Appendix A of Section XI of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [11. Figure 9 shows this same data set, together with earlier data for...0969, NRL Memo- randum Report 4063, Sep. 1979. 11. Section XI - ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code , Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear

75 FR 44163 - Implementation of Regulations Required Under Title XI of the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-28

... Under Title XI of the Food, Conservation and Energy Act of 2008; Conduct in Violation of the Act AGENCY... Act and provide for a fairer market place. DATES: We will consider comments we receive by November 22... clarify conditions for industry compliance with the P&S Act and provide for a fairer market place. We have...

Source contributions of fine particulate matter during one winter haze episodes in Xi'an, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, X.; Wu, Q.

2017-12-01

Long-term exposure to high levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is found to be associated with adverse effects on human health, ecological environment and climate change. Identification the major source regions of fine particulate matter are essential to proposing proper joint prevention and control strategies for heavy haze mitigation. In this work, the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx) together with the Particulate Source Apportionment Technology (PSAT) and the Weather Research and Forecast Model (WRF), have been applied to analyze the major source regions of PM2.5 in Xi'an during the heavy haze episodes in winter (29, December, 2016 - 5 January 2017), and the framework of the model system is shown in Fig. 1. Firstly, according to the model evaluation of the daily PM2.5 concentrations for the two months, the model has well performance, and the fraction of predictions within a factor of 2 of the observations (FAC2) is 84%, while the correlation coefficient (R) is 0.80 in Xi'an. By using the PSAT in CAMx model, a detailed source region contribution matrix is derived for all points within the Xi'an region and its six surrounding areas, and long-range regional transport. The results show that the local emission in Xi'an is the mainly sources at downtown area, which contributing 72.9% as shown in Fig.2, and the contribution rate of transportations between adjacent areas depends on wind direction. Meanwhile, three different suburban areas selected for detailed analysis in fine particles sources. Comparing to downtown area, the sources of suburban areas are more multiply, and the transportations make the contribution 40%-82%. In the suburban areas, regional inflows play an important role in the fine particles concentrations, indicating a strong need for regional joint emission control efforts. The results enhance the quantitative understanding of the PM2.5 source regions and provide a basis for policymaking to advance the control of pollution in Xi'an, China.

Observation of the {omega}{sub b}{sup -} baryon and measurement of the properties of the {xi}{sub b}{sup -} and {omega}{sub b}{sup -} baryons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aaltonen, T.; Maki, T.; Mehtala, P.

We report the observation of the bottom, doubly-strange baryon {omega}{sub b}{sup -} through the decay chain {omega}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}J/{psi}{omega}{sup -}, where J/{psi}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -}, {omega}{sup -}{yields}{lambda}K{sup -}, and {lambda}{yields}p{pi}{sup -}, using 4.2 fb{sup -1} of data from pp collisions at {radical}(s)=1.96 TeV, and recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. A signal is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 4.0x10{sup -8}, or 5.5 Gaussian standard deviations. The {omega}{sub b}{sup -} mass is measured to be 6054.4{+-}6.8(stat){+-}0.9(syst) MeV/c{sup 2}. The lifetime of the {omega}{sub b}{sup -} baryon is measured to be 1.13{sub -0.40}{sup +0.53}(stat){+-}0.02(syst) ps. In addition,more » for the {xi}{sub b}{sup -} baryon we measure a mass of 5790.9{+-}2.6(stat){+-}0.8(syst) MeV/c{sup 2} and a lifetime of 1.56{sub -0.25}{sup +0.27}(stat){+-}0.02(syst) ps. Under the assumption that the {xi}{sub b}{sup -} and {omega}{sub b}{sup -} are produced with similar kinematic distributions to the {lambda}{sub b}{sup 0} baryon, we find ({sigma}({xi}{sub b}{sup -})B({xi}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}J/{psi}{xi}{sup -})/{sigma}({lambda}{sub b}{sup 0})B({lambda}{sub b}{sup 0}{yields}J/{psi}{lambda}))=0.167{sub -0.025}{sup +0.037}(stat){+-}0.012(syst) and ({sigma}({omega}{sub b}{sup -})B({omega}{sub b}{sup -}{yields}J/{psi}{omega}{sup -})/{sigma}({lambda}{sub b}{sup 0})B({lambda}{sub b}{sup 0}{yields}J/{psi}{lambda}))=0.045{sub -0.012}{sup +0.017}(stat){+-} 0.004(syst) for baryons produced with transverse momentum in the range of 6-20 GeV/c.« less

Molecular and genetic characterization of the Ry adg locus on chromosome XI from Andigena potatoes conferring extreme resistance to potato virus Y.

PubMed

Herrera, María Del Rosario; Vidalon, Laura Jara; Montenegro, Juan D; Riccio, Cinzia; Guzman, Frank; Bartolini, Ida; Ghislain, Marc

2018-05-31

We have elucidated the Andigena origin of the potato Ry adg gene on chromosome XI of CIP breeding lines and developed two marker assays to facilitate its introgression in potato by marker-assisted selection. Potato virus Y (PVY) is causing yield and quality losses forcing farmers to renew periodically their seeds from clean stocks. Two loci for extreme resistance to PVY, one on chromosome XI and the other on XII, have been identified and used in breeding. The latter corresponds to a well-known source of resistance (Solanum stoloniferum), whereas the one on chromosome XI was reported from S. stoloniferum and S. tuberosum group Andigena as well. To elucidate its taxonomic origin in our breeding lines, we analyzed the nucleotide sequences of tightly linked markers (M45, M6) and screened 251 landraces of S. tuberosum group Andigena for the presence of this gene. Our results indicate that the PVY resistance allele on chromosome XI in our breeding lines originated from S. tuberosum group Andigena. We have developed two marker assays to accelerate the introgression of Ry adg gene into breeding lines by marker-assisted selection (MAS). First, we have multiplexed RYSC3, M6 and M45 DNA markers flanking the Ry adg gene and validated it on potato varieties with known presence/absence of the Ry adg gene and a progeny of 6,521 individuals. Secondly, we developed an allele-dosage assay particularly useful to identify multiplex Ry adg progenitors. The assay based on high-resolution melting analysis at the M6 marker confirmed Ry adg plex level as nulliplex, simplex and duplex progenitors and few triplex progenies. These marker assays have been validated and can be used to facilitate MAS in potato breeding.

Activity-dependent branching ratios in stocks, solar x-ray flux, and the Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld sandpile model.

PubMed

Martin, Elliot; Shreim, Amer; Paczuski, Maya

2010-01-01

We define an activity-dependent branching ratio that allows comparison of different time series X(t). The branching ratio b(x) is defined as b(x)=E[xi(x)/x]. The random variable xi(x) is the value of the next signal given that the previous one is equal to x, so xi(x)=[X(t+1) | X(t)=x]. If b(x)>1, the process is on average supercritical when the signal is equal to x, while if b(x)<1, it is subcritical. For stock prices we find b(x)=1 within statistical uncertainty, for all x, consistent with an "efficient market hypothesis." For stock volumes, solar x-ray flux intensities, and the Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld (BTW) sandpile model, b(x) is supercritical for small values of activity and subcritical for the largest ones, indicating a tendency to return to a typical value. For stock volumes this tendency has an approximate power-law behavior. For solar x-ray flux and the BTW model, there is a broad regime of activity where b(x) approximately equal 1, which we interpret as an indicator of critical behavior. This is true despite different underlying probability distributions for X(t) and for xi(x). For the BTW model the distribution of xi(x) is Gaussian, for x sufficiently larger than 1, and its variance grows linearly with x. Hence, the activity in the BTW model obeys a central limit theorem when sampling over past histories. The broad region of activity where b(x) is close to one disappears once bulk dissipation is introduced in the BTW model-supporting our hypothesis that it is an indicator of criticality.

Effect of the calcium silicate-based sealer removal protocols and time-point of acid etching on the dentin adhesive interface.

PubMed

Morais, Jéssika Mayhara Pereira; Victorino, Keli Regina; Escalante-Otárola, Wilfredo Gustavo; Jordão-Basso, Keren Cristina Fagundes; Palma-Dibb, Regina Guenka; Kuga, Milton Carlos

2018-06-15

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects when acid etching on the dentin surface was immediately performed (I) or 7 days (D) after calcium silicate-based sealer (MTA Fillapex) removal, using 95% ethanol (E) or xylol (X). First study, 60 bovine incisor dentin specimens were impregnated with sealer and divided into six groups (n = 10): (EI), E + I; (XI), X + I; (ED), E + D; (XD), X + D, (UN), untreated and (MR), mechanical removal of sealer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images (500×) were obtained from each specimen and scores assessed the sealer residues persistence. Second study, 60 specimens were similarly treated; however, the specimens were restored with composite resin after the removal protocols. Hybrid layer formation was evaluated using confocal laser microscopy (1,024×). Third study, 60 specimens were similarly obtained and subjected to micro-shear test to evaluate the effects of removal protocols on the bond strength of etch-and- rinse adhesive system to dentin. XI showed the highest persistence of sealer residues (p < .05), similar to MR (p > .05). EI showed the greatest hybrid layer extension, except in relation to UN (p < .05). XI and MR presented the lowest bond strength adhesive system to dentin (p < .05). Acid etching immediately after calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer removal using xylol presented the highest residues persistence and negatively affected the adhesive interface between dentin and etch-and-rinse adhesive system. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

A structured approach to Exposure Based Waiving of human health endpoints under REACH developed in the OSIRIS project.

PubMed

Marquart, Hans; Meijster, Tim; Van de Bovenkamp, Marja; Ter Burg, Wouter; Spaan, Suzanne; Van Engelen, Jacqueline

2012-03-01

Exposure Based Waiving (EBW) is one of the options in REACH when there is insufficient hazard data on a specific endpoint. Rules for adaptation of test requirements are specified and a general option for EBW is given via Appendix XI of REACH, allowing waiving of repeated dose toxicity studies, reproductive toxicity studies and carcinogenicity studies under a number of conditions if exposure is very low. A decision tree is described that was developed in the European project OSIRIS (Optimised Strategies for Risk Assessment of Industrial Chemicals through Integration of Non-Test and Test Information) to help decide in what cases EBW can be justified. The decision tree uses specific criteria as well as more general questions. For the latter, guidance on interpretation and resulting conclusions is provided. Criteria and guidance are partly based on an expert elicitation process. Among the specific criteria a number of proposed Thresholds of Toxicological Concern are used. The decision tree, expanded with specific parts on absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion that are not described in this paper, is implemented in the OSIRIS webtool on integrated testing strategies. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Cultural Resources Survey of Smithville Lake, Missouri. Volume 1: Archeology

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-11-01

relationships of these families 99 4J C at U 00 o <u o o 43 u »J n o PÖ i-l JB H ^ «4-1 ^ O 3 n en <y U-l CO O 00 efl... HH MH m 4H MH ɜH m m IH MH <*H <W •W W M-l CO to oi co co CD m st CO o o o o o oo CM CM st CO CM IN st • f...cd •H CO CO • <u • • 00 0 0) CO • •u R XI X! 4-1 4J •H -H XI oi c 4J >-3 cd c) o 14H MH 01 R ß -H HH X! •H o o cd cd XI

Dose perturbations by two carbon fiber treatment couches and the ability of a commercial treatment planning system to predict these effects.

PubMed

Gerig, L H; Niedbala, M; Nyiri, B J

2010-01-01

To measure the effect of the treatment couch on dose distributions and to investigate the ability of a modern planning system to accurately model these effects. This work measured the dose perturbation at depth and in the dose buildup region when one of two treatment couches, CIVCO (formerly MED-TEC) or Medical Intelligence, was placed between a photon beam source (6, 10, and 18 MV) and the phantom. Beam attenuation was measured in the center of a cylindrical acrylic phantom with a Farmer type ion chamber at multiple gantry angles. Dose buildup was measured in Solid Water with plane parallel ion chambers (NACP-02 and PTW Markus) with the beam normal to both the phantom and couch surfaces. The effective point of measurement method as described [M. R. McEwen et al. "The effective point of measurement of ionization chambers and the build-up anomaly in MV x-ray beams," Med. Phys. 35(3), 950-958 (2008)] was employed to calculate dose in the buildup region. Both experiments were modeled in XiO. Images of the treatment couches were merged with images of the phantoms such that they were included as part of the "patient" image. Dose distributions calculated with superposition and fast superposition algorithms were compared to measurement. The two treatment couches have different radiological signatures and dissimilar water equivalent thicknesses (4.2 vs 6.3 mm.) Maximum attenuation was 7%. Both couches caused significant loss of skin sparing, the worst case showing an increase in surface dose from 17% (no couch) to 88% (with couch). The TPS accurately predicted the surface dose (+/-3%) and the attenuation at depth when the phantom was in contact with the couch. For the open beam the TPS was less successful in the buildup region. The treatment couch is not radio-transparent. Its presence between the patient and beam source significantly alters dose in the patient. For the most part, a modern treatment planning system can adequately predict the altered dose distribution.

Human factors research as part of a Mars exploration analogue mission on Devon Island

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Binsted, Kim; Kobrick, Ryan L.; Griofa, Marc Ó.; Bishop, Sheryl; Lapierre, Judith

2010-06-01

Human factors research is a critical element of space exploration as it provides insight into a crew's performance, psychology and interpersonal relationships. Understanding the way humans work in space-exploration analogue environments permits the development and testing of countermeasures for and responses to potential hazardous situations, and can thus help improve mission efficiency and safety. Analogue missions, such as the one described here, have plausible mission constraints and operational scenarios, similar to those that a real Mars crew would experience. Long duration analogue studies, such as those being conducted at the Flashline Mars Arctic Research Station (FMARS) on Devon Island, Canada, offer an opportunity to study mission operations and human factors in a semi-realistic environment, and contribute to the design of missions to explore the Moon and Mars. The FMARS XI Long Duration Mission (F-XI LDM) was, at four months, the longest designed analogue Mars mission conducted to date, and thus provides a unique insight into human factors issues for long-duration space exploration. Here, we describe the six human factors studies that took place during F-XI LDM, and give a summary of their results, where available. We also present a meta-study, which examined the impact of the human-factors research itself on crew schedule and workload. Based on this experience, we offer some lessons learnt: some aspects (perceived risk and crew motivation, for example) of analogue missions must be realistic for study results to be valid; human factors studies are time-consuming, and should be fully integrated into crew schedules; and crew-ground communication and collaboration under long-term exploration conditions can present serious challenges.

Is Xi Jinping a Reformer Similar to Deng Xiaoping

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-06-09

core focus from ideology to economic development by announcing his policy of reform and opening up in 1978. His pragmatic policies resulted in...political stability, ideological openness, and sparked over thirty years of rapid economic growth. After 30 years since reform and opening up, China has...his commitment to rebalancing China’s economy. Despite the lack of significant progress on economic reforms, this paper finds that Xi is a reformer

77 FR 29633 - Alta Wind VII, LLC, Alta Wind IX, LLC, Alta Wind X, LLC, Alta Wind XI, LLC, Alta Wind XII, LLC...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-05-18

... DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission [Docket No. EL12-68-000] Alta Wind VII, LLC, Alta Wind IX, LLC, Alta Wind X, LLC, Alta Wind XI, LLC, Alta Wind XII, LLC, Alta Wind XIII, LLC, Alta Wind XIV, LLC, Alta Wind XV, LLC, Alta Windpower Development, LLC, TGP Development Company, LLC...

Gravitational radiation from binary systems in alternative metric theories of gravity - Dipole radiation and the binary pulsar

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Will, C. M.

1977-01-01

The generation of gravitational radiation in several currently viable metric theories of gravitation (Brans-Dicke, Rosen, Ni, and Lightman-Lee) is analyzed, and it is shown that these theories predict the emission of dipole gravitational radiation from systems containing gravitationally bound objects. In the binary system PSR 1913 + 16, this radiation results in a secular change in the orbital period of the system with a nominal magnitude of 3 parts in 100,000 per year. The size of the effect is proportional to the reduced mass of the system, to the square of the difference in (self-gravitational energy)/(mass) between the two components of the system, and to a parameter, xi, whose value varies from theory to theory. In general relativity xi equals 0, in Rosen's (1973) theory xi equals -20/3, and in Ni's (1973) theory xi equals -400/3. The current upper limit on such a secular period change is one part in 1 million per year. It is shown that further observations of the binary system that tighten this limit and that establish the masses of the components and the identity of the companion may provide a crucial test of otherwise viable alternatives to general relativity.

Full Robotic Colorectal Resections for Cancer Combined With Other Major Surgical Procedures: Early Experience With the da Vinci Xi.

PubMed

Morelli, Luca; Di Franco, Gregorio; Guadagni, Simone; Palmeri, Matteo; Gianardi, Desirée; Bianchini, Matteo; Moglia, Andrea; Ferrari, Vincenzo; Caprili, Giovanni; D'Isidoro, Cristiano; Melfi, Franca; Di Candio, Giulio; Mosca, Franco

2017-08-01

The da Vinci Xi has been developed to overcome some of the limitations of the previous platform, thereby increasing the acceptance of its use in robotic multiorgan surgery. Between January 2015 and October 2015, 10 patients with synchronous tumors of the colorectum and others abdominal organs underwent robotic combined resections with the da Vinci Xi. Trocar positions respected the Universal Port Placement Guidelines provided by Intuitive Surgical for "left lower quadrant," with trocars centered on the umbilical area, or shifted 2 to 3 cm to the right or to the left, depending on the type of combined surgical procedure. All procedures were completed with the full robotic technique. Simultaneous procedures in same quadrant or left quadrant and pelvis, or left/right and upper, were performed with a single docking/single targeting approach; in cases of left/right quadrant or right quadrant/pelvis, we performed a dual-targeting operation. No external collisions or problems related to trocar positions were noted. No patient experienced postoperative surgical complications and the mean hospital stay was 6 days. The high success rate of full robotic colorectal resection combined with other surgical interventions for synchronous tumors, suggest the efficacy of the da Vinci Xi in this setting.

Higher order moments of the matter distribution in scale-free cosmological simulations with large dynamic range

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lucchin, Francesco; Matarrese, Sabino; Melott, Adrian L.; Moscardini, Lauro

1994-01-01

We calculate reduced moments (xi bar)(sub q) of the matter density fluctuations, up to order q = 5, from counts in cells produced by particle-mesh numerical simulations with scale-free Gaussian initial conditions. We use power-law spectra P(k) proportional to k(exp n) with indices n = -3, -2, -1, 0, 1. Due to the supposed absence of characteristic times or scales in our models, all quantities are expected to depend on a single scaling variable. For each model, the moments at all times can be expressed in terms of the variance (xi bar)(sub 2), alone. We look for agreement with the hierarchical scaling ansatz, according to which ((xi bar)(sub q)) proportional to ((xi bar)(sub 2))(exp (q - 1)). For n less than or equal to -2 models, we find strong deviations from the hierarchy, which are mostly due to the presence of boundary problems in the simulations. A small, residual signal of deviation from the hierarchical scaling is however also found in n greater than or equal to -1 models. The wide range of spectra considered and the large dynamic range, with careful checks of scaling and shot-noise effects, allows us to reliably detect evolution away from the perturbation theory result.

JPRS Report, East Europe.

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-01-19

how maintainable a building is, really met until the invention of the internal combustion how modernizable. In the future these qualities must be...Academy of the GDR], 1. "Bericht des Zentralkomitees der SED an den XI. Bauakademie, Berlin, 1981, p 12. Parteitag der SED" [Report of the Central...by all-around brigades highly skilled in a number of trades, combinable small 3. Cf. "Bericht des Zentralkomitees der SED an den XI. units from Kreis

Charters, Constitutions and By-Laws of the Indian Tribes of North America. Part XI: The Basin-Plateau Tribes. Occasional Publications in Anthropology, Ethnology Series, No. 12.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fay, George E., Comp.

The Museum of Anthropology, University of Northern Colorado at Greeley, has assembled various American Indian tribal charters, constitutions, and by-laws to comprise a series of publications. The present volume, Part XI of the series, deals with the Indian tribes of Nevada: The Moapa Band of Paiute Indians, the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe, the…

Assessment of compatibility among Armillaria cepistipes, A. sinapina, and North American biological species X and XI, using culture morphology and molecular biology

Treesearch

Mark T. Banik; Harold H. Burdsall

1998-01-01

Ten single-spore isolates each of Armillaria sinapina, A. cepistipes, and North American biological species (NABS)X and XI were paired in all combinations. A second set of ten single-spore isolates of each species was likewise paired. Each pairing was duplicated for a total of 3280 pairs. Using the standard morphological criteria (e.g., fluffy, crustose) to assess the...

3-D Acoustic Scattering from 2-D Rough Surfaces Using A Parabolic Equation Model

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

Frequency Acoustic Propagation in Shallow Water.” Journal of Oceanic Engineering, September 2011: 1–10. Liu, Jin Yuan, Chen Fen Huang, and Ping Chang...loss values at a constant depth. .............................52  xi LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS FD Finite Difference MMPE Monterey...2013). First, at each range step ( xi ), the 3-D field is transformed from cross-range spatial variable (y) to cross-range wavenumber variable (ky

Effects of Experiment Learning Strategy versus Expository and Cognitive Style for Physical Learning Result for Senior High School Student at Class XI of Senior High School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Prayekti

2016-01-01

The research was aimed to know Effects of Experiment Learning Strategy versus Expository and Cognitive Style for Physical Learning Result of Senior High School Student at Class XI of Senior High School. Data was collected by test and observation. It is processed by ANCOVA and different test (t-test). (1) The result showed that all learning system…

Metabolism of dimethylphthalate by Micrococcus sp. strain 12B.

PubMed Central

Eaton, R W; Ribbons, D W

1982-01-01

During growth of Micrococcus sp. strain 12B with dimethylphthalate, 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate lactone (CHML, X) and 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate-2-methyl ester (XI) were isolated from culture filtrates. CHML is the lactone of intermediate 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate (IX). Accumulation of XI which is not a substrate for 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate-2-decarboxylase in strain 12B afforded an easy access to the preparation of 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate. PMID:7085569

High-Throughput Screening of a Luciferase Reporter of Gene Silencing on the Inactive X Chromosome.

PubMed

Keegan, Alissa; Plath, Kathrin; Damoiseaux, Robert

2018-01-01

Assays of luciferase gene activity are a sensitive and quantitative reporter system suited to high-throughput screening. We adapted a luciferase assay to a screening strategy for identifying factors that reactivate epigenetically silenced genes. This epigenetic luciferase reporter is subject to endogenous gene silencing mechanisms on the inactive X chromosome (Xi) in primary mouse cells and thus captures the multilayered nature of chromatin silencing in development. Here, we describe the optimization of an Xi-linked luciferase reactivation assay in 384-well format and adaptation of the assay for high-throughput siRNA and chemical screening. Xi-luciferase reactivation screening has applications in stem cell biology and cancer therapy. We have used the approach described here to identify chromatin-modifying proteins and to identify drug combinations that enhance the gene reactivation activity of the DNA demethylating drug 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine.

Calculation of the {pi}{sup +}{Sigma}{sup +} and {pi}{sup +}{Xi}{sup 0} Scattering Lengths in Lattice QCD

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Torok, Aaron

The {pi}{sup +}{Sigma}{sup +} and {pi}{sup +}{Xi}{sup 0} scattering lengths were calculated in mixed-action Lattice QCD with domain-wall valence quarks on the asqtad-improved coarse MILC configurations at four light-quark masses, and at two light-quark masses on the fine MILC configurations. Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory with two and three flavors of light quarks was used to perform the chiral extrapolations. To NNLO in the three-flavor chiral expansion, the kaon-baryon processes that were investigated show no signs of convergence. Using the two-flavor chiral expansion for extrapolation, the pion-hyperon scattering lengths are found to be a{sub {pi}}{sup +}{sub {Sigma}}{sup +} = -0.197{+-}0.017more » fm, and a{sub {pi}}{sup +}{sub {Xi}}{sup 0} = -0.098{+-}0.017 fm, where the comprehensive error includes statistical and systematic uncertainties.« less

Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms among Urban Adolescents of South India

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mohanraj, Rani; Subbaiah, Karunanidhi

2010-01-01

Aim: This study aimed to find the prevalence of depressive symptoms among adolescents studying in schools in Chennai. Settings and Design: The study was a school based cross-sectional survey in which data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire from adolescents studying in classes X, XI and XII. Material: Beck Depression Inventory…

Analysis of factors influencing the development of xerostomia during intensity-modulated radiotherapy.

PubMed

Randall, Ken; Stevens, Jason; Yepes, Juan Fernando; Randall, Marcus E; Kudrimoti, Mahesh; Feddock, Jonathan; Xi, Jing; Kryscio, Richard J; Miller, Craig S

2013-06-01

Factors influencing xerostomia during intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were assessed. A 6-week study of 32 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients was performed. Subjects completed the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and provided stimulated saliva (SS) at baseline, week 2 and at end of IMRT. Influence of SS flow rate (SSFR), calcium and mucin 5b (MUC5b) concentrations and radiation dose on xerostomia was determined. HNC subjects experienced mean SSFR decline of 36% by visit 2 (N = 27; P = .012) and 57% by visit 3 (N = 20; P = .0004). Concentrations of calcium and MUC5b increased, but not significantly during IMRT (P > .05). Xerostomia correlated most with decreasing salivary flow rate as determined by Spearman correlations (P < .04) and linear mixed models (P < .0001). Although IMRT is sparing to the parotid glands, it has an early effect on SSFR and the constituents in saliva in a manner that is associated with the perception of xerostomia. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Soil in the Semi-arid City of Xi'an, Northwest China: Composition, Distribution, Sources, and Relationships with Soil Properties.

PubMed

Wang, Lijun; Zhang, Panqing; Wang, Li; Zhang, Wenjuan; Shi, Xingmin; Lu, Xinwei; Li, Xiaoping; Li, Xiaoyun

2018-03-27

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment. This study collected a total of 62 urban soil samples from the typical semi-arid city of Xi'an in Northwest. They were analyzed for the composition, distribution, and sources of PAHs as well as the relationships with soil properties. The sum of 16 individual PAHs (∑16PAHs) ranged from 390.6 to 10,652.8 μg/kg with a mean of 2052.6 μg/kg. The average ∑16PAHs decreased in the order of the third ring road (2321.1 μg/kg) > the first ring road (1893.7 μg/kg) > the second ring road (1610.0 μg/kg), and in the order of industrial areas (3125.6 μg/kg) > traffic areas (2551.6 μg/kg) > educational areas (2414.4 μg/kg) > parks (1649.5 μg/kg) > mixed commercial and traffic areas (1332.8 μg/kg) > residential areas (1031.0 μg/kg). The most abundant PAHs in the urban soil were 3- to 5-ring PAHs. Elevated levels of PAHs were found in industrial and traffic areas from the east and west suburbs and the northwest corner of Xi'an as well as the northeast corner in the urban district of Xi'an. PAHs in the urban soil were mainly related to the combustion of fossil fuel (i.e., coal, gasoline, diesel, and natural gas) and biomass (i.e., grass and wood) (variance contribution 57.2%) as well as the emissions of petroleum and its products (variance contribution 29.9%). Soil texture and magnetic susceptibility were the main factors affecting the concentration of PAHs in urban soil. Meanwhile, this study suggested that the single, rapid, and nondeductive magnetic measurements can be an indicator of soil pollution by PAHs.

A Comparative Study on the Life-Saving Radioprotective Effects of Vitamins A, E, C and Over-the-Counter Multivitamins.

PubMed

Mortazavi, S M J; Rahimi, S; Mosleh-Shirazi, M A; Arjomandi, M; Soleimani, A; Koohi Hossein-Abadi, O; Haghani, M; Alavi, M

2015-06-01

Oral intake of vitamins which present antioxidant characteristics can protect living organisms against oxidative damage caused by exposure to ionizing radiation. It was previously reported that administration of high levels of vitamin C can lead to increased DNA damage through production of hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide by the Fenton reaction. However, our early experiments did not confirm this hypothesis. The main goal of this study was to determine if high doses of Vit C can show life-saving radioprotective effects. Phase I: Seventy two male Balb/c mice weighing 20-25g were randomly divided into six groups of 12 animals each. Group I; Vit E for five days, Groups II and III; Vit C and Vit A. Group 4; all three vitamins. Group V; an over-the-counter multivitamin. Group VI; none of the above. Phase II: 120 male BALB/c mice weighing 20-25g were randomly divided into 12 groups of 10 each. Group I; Vit A for five days. Groups II-IV; Vit C 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, respectively. Group V-VII; Vit E at daily doses of 200 iu/kg, 400 iu/kg, 800 iu/kg, respectively. Group VIII and IX; all three vitamins at low and high doses, respectively. Group X; an over-the-counter multivitamin. Group XI; controls group and Group XII; received pure olive oil. All animals (Phases I and II) were exposed to a lethal dose of gamma rays and the survival rates of the animals were monitored and recorded continuously for 16 days after exposure. Phase I: 14 days after irradiation the survival rate for control group was 33.33%, while the survival rates for the 1st to 5th groups were 45.45%, 81.81%, 50%, 57.14%, and 9.09% , respectively. Phase II: The survival rates in the control group and the group that only received pure olive oil, were 50% and 60%, respectively. Survival rate in the animals received Vit C at daily doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, were 90%, 90% and 90%, respectively. Log rank (Mantel-Cox) test showed statistically significant differences between the survival rates in control irradiated mice (no vitamins) and mice received Vit C at daily doses of 200 mg/kg (P=0.042), 400 mg/kg (P=0.042) and 800 mg/kg (P=0.042). Altogether, findings of this study showed that even high doses of Vit C can show life-saving radioprotective effects. The significant radioprotective effect of Vit C at doses used in this study, opens new horizons in developing non-toxic, cost effective, easily available radioprotectors in life-threatening situations such as exposure to lethal doses of ionizing radiation.  The radioprotective effect of Vit A and Vit E seem to be less efficient compared to that of Vit C.

The Effect of Buzz Group Technique and Clustering Technique in Teaching Writing at the First Class of SMA HKBP I Tarutung

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pangaribuan, Tagor; Manik, Sondang

2018-01-01

This research held at SMA HKBP 1 Tarutung North Sumatra on the research result of test XI[superscript 2] and XI[superscript 2] students, after they got treatment in teaching writing in recount text by using buzz group and clustering technique. The average score (X) was 67.7 and the total score buzz group the average score (X) was 77.2 and in…

Inhalation Toxicology. 11. The Effect of Elevated Temperature on Carbon Monoxide Toxicity

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

DOT/FAA/AM-90/16 Inhalation Toxicology : XI. The Effect of Elevated Temperature on Carbon Office of Aviation Medicine Washington, D.C. 20591 M onoxide...Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. DOT/FAA/AM-90/16 4. Title and Subtitie S. Report Date INHALATION TOXICOLOGY : XI. THE EFFECT OF ELEVATED December...Statement Combustion toxicology , carbon monoxide, This document is available to the public heat, thermal effects, time-to- through the National Technical

[Operation and interaction peculiarities of diagnostic laboratories involved in providing protection from infectious diseases during the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi].

PubMed

Onishenko, G G; Popova, A Iu; Bragina, I V; Kuz'kin, B P; Ezhlova, E B; Demina, Iu V; Gus'kov, A S; Ivanov, G E; Chikina, L V; Klindukhova, V P; Grechanaia, T V; Tesheva, S Ch; Kulichenko, A N; Efremenko, D B; Manin, E A; Kuznetsova, I V; Parkhomenko, V V; Kulichenko, O A; Rafeenko, G K; Shcherbina, L I; Zavora, D L; Briukhanov, A F; Eldinova, V E; Iunicheva, Iu V; Derliatko, S K; Komarov, N S

2015-01-01

The experience of the organization and functioning of the laboratory network during the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi is considered. Efforts to establish an effective system of laboratory support, the order of work and interaction of diagnostic laboratories involved in diseases control of population during the Olympic Games are analyzed.

Delta-Complete Analysis for Bounded Reachability of Hybrid Systems

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-07-16

framework makes bounded reachability of hybrid systems a much more mathematically tractable problem and show that our practical implementation can handle...step i in the hybrid trajectory to an appropriate discrete mode in H , and make sure that the flow, jump, inv, init conditions are satisfied...trajectories start with some initial state satisfying initq(x0) for some q. In each step, it follows flowq(xi,xti, t) and makes a continuous flow from xi to x t

Enhanced photovoltaic performance of CH3NH3PbBrXI3-X-based perovskite solar cells via anti-solvent extraction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Zhaoyi; Zhang, Weijia; Lu, Chaoqun; Ma, Denghao; Liu, Haixu; Yu, Wei; Zhang, Yu; Ma, Qiang; Zhang, Yulong

2018-06-01

In this paper, the two-step sequential deposition method was used to prepare the CH3NH3PbBrXI3-X films by introducing CH3NH3Br in the precursors. The surface morphology of the PbI2 films was controlled by anti-solvent extraction (ASE) to improve the microstructure and photo-physical properties of the perovskite films. It was noteworthy that, compared to the compact PbI2 films, the porous PbI2 films facilitated the growth of crystals and bromine incorporation in films, and the prepared perovskite films exhibited enlarged grain size, increased light absorption, enhanced Br incorporation and prolonged carrier lifetime, which resulted in excellent photo-electrical properties of the CH3NH3PbBrXI3-X films. With porous PbI2 templates, the inverted planar perovskite solar cells based on films with appropriate Br incorporation (CH3NH3Br/CH3NH3I mole ratio = 3/7) showed a photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.9%, and the stability of the devices in air was elevated. Consequently, the high-quality CH3NH3PbBrXI3-X films can be obtained with porous PbI2 templates for improving the performance of the perovskite solar cells.

Measurable characteristics of lysozyme crystal growth

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gorti, Sridhar; Forsythe, Elizabeth L.; Pusey, Marc L.

2005-01-01

The behavior of protein crystal growth is estimated from measurements performed at both the microscopic and molecular levels. In the absence of solutal flow, it was determined that a model that balances the macromolecular flux toward the crystal surface with the flux of the crystal surface well characterizes crystal growth observed using microscopic methods. Namely, it was determined that the model provides accurate estimates for the crystal-growth velocities upon evaluation of crystal-growth measurements obtained in time. Growth velocities thus determined as a function of solution supersaturation were further interpreted using established deterministic models. From analyses of crystal-growth velocities, it was found that the mode of crystal growth varies with respect to increasing solution supersaturation, possibly owing to kinetic roughening. To verify further the hypothesis of kinetic roughening, crystal growth at the molecular level was examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). From the AFM measurements, it was found that the magnitude of surface-height fluctuations, h(x), increases with increasing solution supersaturation. In contrast, the estimated characteristic length, xi, decreases rapidly upon increasing solution supersaturation. It was conjectured that the magnitude of both h(x) and xi could possibly determine the mode of crystal growth. Although the data precede any exact theory, the non-critical divergence of h(x) and xi with respect to increasing solution supersaturation was nevertheless preliminarily established. Moreover, approximate models to account for behavior of both h(x) and xi are also presented.

From Ξb→Λbπ to Ξc→Λcπ

DOE PAGES

Gronau, Michael; Rosner, Jonathan L.

2016-04-11

Using a successful framework for describing S-wave hadronic decays of light hyperons induced by a subprocess s -> u((u) over bard), we presented recently a model-independent calculation of the amplitude and branching ratio for Xi(-)(b) -> Lambda(b)pi(-) in agreement with a LHCb measurement. The same quark process contributes to Xi(0)(c) -> Lambda(c)pi(-), while a second term from the subprocess cs -> cd has been related by Voloshin to differences among total decay rates of charmed baryons. We calculate this term and find it to have a magnitude approximately equal to the s -> u((u) over bard) term. We argue formore » a negligible relative phase between these two contributions, potentially due to final state interactions. However, we do not know whether they interfere destructively or constructively. For constructive interference one predicts B(Xi(0)(c) -> Lambda(c)pi(-)) = (1.94 +/- 0.70) x 10(-3) and B(Xi(+)(c) -> Lambda(c)pi(0)) = (3.86 +/- 1.35) x 10(-3). For destructive interference, the respective branching fractions are expected to be less than about 10(-4) and 2 x 10(-4). (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3).« less

From Ξb→Λbπ to Ξc→Λcπ

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Gronau, Michael; Rosner, Jonathan L.

Using a successful framework for describing S-wave hadronic decays of light hyperons induced by a subprocess s -> u((u) over bard), we presented recently a model-independent calculation of the amplitude and branching ratio for Xi(-)(b) -> Lambda(b)pi(-) in agreement with a LHCb measurement. The same quark process contributes to Xi(0)(c) -> Lambda(c)pi(-), while a second term from the subprocess cs -> cd has been related by Voloshin to differences among total decay rates of charmed baryons. We calculate this term and find it to have a magnitude approximately equal to the s -> u((u) over bard) term. We argue formore » a negligible relative phase between these two contributions, potentially due to final state interactions. However, we do not know whether they interfere destructively or constructively. For constructive interference one predicts B(Xi(0)(c) -> Lambda(c)pi(-)) = (1.94 +/- 0.70) x 10(-3) and B(Xi(+)(c) -> Lambda(c)pi(0)) = (3.86 +/- 1.35) x 10(-3). For destructive interference, the respective branching fractions are expected to be less than about 10(-4) and 2 x 10(-4). (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP(3).« less

Monogamy inequalities for certifiers of continuous-variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement without the assumption of Gaussianity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rosales-Zárate, L.; Teh, R. Y.; Opanchuk, B.; Reid, M. D.

2017-08-01

We consider three modes A , B , and C and derive monogamy inequalities that constrain the distribution of bipartite continuous variable Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen entanglement amongst the three modes. The inequalities hold without the assumption of Gaussian states, and are based on measurements of the quadrature phase amplitudes Xi and Pi at each mode i =A ,B ,C . The first monogamy inequality involves the well-known quantity DI J defined by Duan-Giedke-Cirac-Zoller as the sum of the variances of (XI-XJ)/2 and (PI+PJ)/2 where [XI,PJ] =δI J . Entanglement between I and J is certified if DI J<1 . A second monogamy inequality involves the more general entanglement certifier EntIJ defined as the normalized product of the variances of XI-g XJ and PI+g PJ , where g is a real constant. The monogamy inequalities give a lower bound on the values of DB C and EntBC for one pair, given the values DB A and EntBA for the first pair. This lower bound changes in the absence of two-mode Gaussian steering of B . We illustrate for a range of tripartite entangled states, identifying regimes of saturation of the inequalities. The monogamy relations explain without the assumption of Gaussianity the experimentally observed saturation at DA B=0.5 where there is symmetry between modes A and C .

Testing of state roadside safety systems. Volume XI, Appendix J -- Crash testing and evaluation of existing guardrail systems

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1999-04-01

The purpose of this study is to crash test and evaluate new or modified roadside safety hardware and, where necessary, redesign the devices to improve their impact performance. The three major areas addressed in this study are the impact performance ...

Prevalence of diverse complications and its association with karyotypes in Japanese adult women with Turner syndrome-a questionnaire survey by the Foundation for Growth Science.

PubMed

Hanew, Kunihiko; Tanaka, Toshiaki; Horikawa, Reiko; Hasegawa, Tomonobu; Yokoya, Susumu

2018-05-28

The reported prevalence of complications in Turner Syndrome (TS) was highly variable because of the rarity and the limited numbers analyzed. Again, possible presence of other complications that are not described as specific for TS, is also speculated. To resolve these issues, a questionnaire survey was conducted in hGH treated 492 patients with adult TS (17-42 years). The possible association with these complications and karyotypes were also analyzed. The complications and their prevalence were as follows: chronic thyroiditis (25.2%), inflammatory bowel disease (1.8%), congenital cardiovascular anomaly (11.8%), urinary tract malformation (11.8%), low bone mineral density (BMD) (42.9%), scoliosis (8.4%), hearing loss (6.2%), epilepsy (2.8%) and schizophrenia (0.9%). The majority of prevalence of these diseases in TS was higher than in the general population. In distribution, the most frequent karyotype was 45,X monosomy (28.9%), followed by 45,X/46,X,Xi (16.9%), 46,X,Xi (9.1%), and 45,X/46,XX (6.3%), while other mosaic 45,X was noted in 29.9%. Regarding the karyotype, cardiovascular anomaly was more frequent in the 45,X group and less in the 46,X,Xi group. Urinary tract malformation and epilepsy were frequently associated with the chromosome 45,X. The prevalence of low BMD was noticed more in the chromosome 46,X,Xi and 45,X/46,X,Xi, and less in other mosaic 45,X. In conclusion, the more exact prevalence of diverse complications was clarified and it exceeded the prevalence of the majority of complications in general population. As novel findings, it was observed that the prevalence of epilepsy was significantly high, and epilepsy and low BMD were frequently associated with the specific karyotypes.

Aqueous CdPbS quantum dots for near-infrared imaging

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Au, Giang H. T.; Y Shih, Wan; Tseng, S.-Ja; Shih, Wei-Heng

2012-07-01

Quantum dots (QDs) are semiconducting nanocrystals that have photoluminescent (PL) properties brighter than fluorescent molecules and do not photo-bleach, ideal for in vivo imaging of diseased tissues or monitoring of biological processes. Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light within the window of 700-1000 nm, which is separated from the major absorption peaks of hemoglobin and water, has the potential to be detected several millimeters under the surface with minimal interference from tissue autofluorescence. Here we report the synthesis and bioimaging demonstration of a new NIR QDs system, namely, CdPbS, made by an aqueous approach with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as the capping molecule. The aqueous-synthesized, MPA-capped CdPbS QDs exhibited an NIR emission in the range of 800-950 nm with xi ≥ 0.3, where xi denotes the initial Pb molar fraction during the synthesis. Optimal PL performance of the CdPbS QDs occurred at xi = 0.7, which was about 4 nm in size as determined by transmission electron microscopy, had a rock salt structure and a quantum yield of 12%. Imaging of CdPbS QDs was tested in membrane staining and transfection studies. Cells transfected with CdPbS QDs were shown to be visible underneath a slab of chicken muscle tissue of up to 0.7 mm in thickness without the use of multiple-photon microscopy.

Evaluation of the efficacy of a topical sialogogue spray containing malic acid 1% in elderly people with xerostomia: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

PubMed

Gómez-Moreno, Gerardo; Cabrera-Ayala, Maribel; Aguilar-Salvatierra, Antonio; Guardia, Javier; Ramírez-Fernández, María Piedad; González-Jaranay, Maximino; Calvo-Guirado, José Luis

2014-12-01

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a topical sialogogue spray containing 1% malic acid for elderly people affected by xerostomia. This research took the form of a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Forty-one individuals (mean age: 78.7 years) with xerostomia were divided into two groups: for the first 'intervention group' (21 subjects) a topical sialogogue spray (1% malic acid) was applied, while for the second 'control group' (20 subjects), a placebo spray was applied; for both groups, the sprays were applied on demand during 2 weeks. The Xerostomia Inventory (XI) was used to evaluate xerostomia levels before and after product/placebo application. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows rates, before and after spray application, were measured. XI scores decreased significantly (clinically meaningful) from 36.4 ± 7.3 points to 29.1 ± 7.1 (p < 0.05) with an XI difference of 7.2 ± 6.1, after the combination among 1% malic acid with xylitol and fluoride application. After 2 weeks of 1% malic acid application, unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows rates increased significantly (p < 0.05). A topical sialogogue spray containing 1% malic acid improved xerostomia in an elderly population and increased unstimulated and stimulated salivary flows rates. © 2013 The Gerodontology Society and John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Chinese Military Reform in the Age of Xi Jinping: Drivers, Challenges, and Implications

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-03-01

refused to obey commands, Xi has em - phasized it in a way that his immediate predecessors did not. For instance, loyalty to the Party was a major...disposal and appears to be em - ploying them in a reasonably strategic fashion to promote the military reforms. However, some of these tools require his...exercise operational control over units. ■■ Rocket Force C2 and scope of authority. Although authoritative Chinese sources em - phasize consistency in the

Implementation of "Marginalism" in Day to Day Life.

DTIC Science & Technology

1998-06-01

1985. 4. Golden, B.L., E.A Wasil and P.T. Harker, The Analytic Hierarchy Process, Spring-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, 1989. 5. Agor , Weston H , The...A. H . Maslow was a psychologist whose work on human motivation has been influential in fields such as organization development and industrial...benefit from Xi is the partial derivative of the objective function, 50/aXi. Consider a constraint function: < H >(X1,X2, ,Xn)=0 The marginal cost of

Reconstruction Error and Principal Component Based Anomaly Detection in Hyperspectral Imagery

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-27

2003), and (Jackson D. A., 1993). In 1933, Hotelling ( Hotelling , 1933), who coined the term ‘principal components,’ surmised that there was a...goodness of fit and multivariate quality control with the statistic Qi = (Xi(1×p) − X̂i(1×p) )(Xi(1×p) − X̂i(1×p) ) T (20) where, under the...sparsely targeted scenes through SNR or other methods. 5) Customize sorting and histogram construction methods in Multiple PCA to avoid redundancy

Quantum Information Processing with Ferroelectrically Coupled Quantum Dots

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-12-05

on a chip applications. (a) Papers published in peer-reviewed journals (N/A for none) Y. Xi, Y. S. Jung , and H. K. Kim, “Interaction of light with a...metal wedge: the role of diffraction in shaping energy flow”, Optics Express 18, 2588-2600 (2010). Y. S. Jung , J. Wuenschell, H. K. Kim, P. Kaur, and D...H. Waldeck, “Blue-shift of surface plasmon resonance in a metal nanoslit array structure”, Optics Express 17, 16081-16091 (2009). Y. S. Jung , Y. Xi

The NAPRESSIM trial: the use of low-dose, prophylactic naloxone infusion to prevent respiratory depression with intrathecally administered morphine in elective hepatobiliary surgery: a study protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomised controlled trial.

PubMed

Cosgrave, David; Galligan, Marie; Soukhin, Era; McMullan, Victoria; McGuinness, Siobhan; Puttappa, Anand; Conlon, Niamh; Boylan, John; Hussain, Rabia; Doran, Peter; Nichol, Alistair

2017-12-29

Intrathecally administered morphine is effective as part of a postoperative analgesia regimen following major hepatopancreaticobiliary surgery. However, the potential for postoperative respiratory depression at the doses required for effective analgesia currently limits its clinical use. The use of a low-dose, prophylactic naloxone infusion following intrathecally administered morphine may significantly reduce postoperative respiratory depression. The NAPRESSIM trial aims to answer this question. 'The use of low-dose, prophylactic naloxone infusion to prevent respiratory depression with intrathecally administered morphine' trial is an investigator-led, single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, double-arm comparator study. The trial will recruit 96 patients aged > 18 years, undergoing major open hepatopancreaticobiliary resections, who are receiving intrathecally administered morphine as part of a standard anaesthetic regimen. It aims to investigate whether the prophylactic administration of naloxone via intravenous infusion compared to placebo will reduce the proportion of episodes of respiratory depression in this cohort of patients. Trial patients will receive an infusion of naloxone or placebo, commenced within 1 h of postoperative extubation continued until the first postoperative morning. The primary outcome is the rate of respiratory depression in the intervention group as compared to the placebo group. Secondary outcomes include pain scores, rates of nausea and vomiting, pruritus, sedation scores and adverse outcomes. We will also employ a novel, non-invasive, respiratory minute volume monitor (ExSpiron 1Xi, Respiratory Motion, Inc., 411 Waverley Oaks Road, Building 1, Suite 150, Waltham, MA, USA) to assess the monitor's accuracy for detecting respiratory depression. The trial aims to provide a clear management plan to prevent respiratory depression after the intrathecal administration of morphine, and thereby improve patient safety. ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02885948 . Registered retrospectively on 4 July 2016. Protocol Version 2.0, 3 April 2017. Protocol identification (code or reference number): UCDCRC/15/006 EudraCT registration number: 2015-003504-22. Registered on 5 August 2015.

[Simulation study of air quality health index in 5 cities in China: 2013-2015].

PubMed

Wang, W T; Sun, Q H; Qin, J; Li, T T; Shi, X M

2017-03-10

Objective: To construct the air quality health index (AQHI) by inclusion of air pollutants PM(2.5) and O(3) in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Xi' an, Beijing, Shenyang, and explore scientificity and feasibility of its application in China. Methods: The daily average concentrations of PM(2.5) and O(3) in air, and daily average mortality from 2013 to 2015 in the 5 cities in China, the exposure-response coefficients of PM(2.5) and O(3) and total mortality from Meta studies in China were used to construct local AQHI. The health risk levels of air pollution in the 5 cities were calculated and compared with the characteristics of single pollutant concentrationof PM(2.5) or O(3). Results: In the 5 cities, the average concentration of PM(2.5) was highest in Beijing (82 μg/m(3)) and lowest in Guangzhou (46 μg/m(3)). And the average concentration of O(3) was highest in Shanghai (72 μg/m(3)) and lowest in Xi' an (45 μg/m(3)). In all the cities, the average concentration of PM(2.5) was highest in winter and lowest in summer. In summer, the average concentration of O(3) was lowest. But the health risk level of AQHI showed that the 5 cities had higher frequency of low or medium risk averagely. And Beijing had the highest frequency of high risk in summer (5.69%). Xi' an had the highest frequency of extremely high risk in winter (1.63%). Conclusions: In this study, AQHI could be constructed by using air PM(2.5) and O(3) concentration data which can be obtained in many areas in China. The application of this index is scientific and feasible in China.

Neurotic disorders of general medical outpatients in Xi'an, China: knowledge, attitudes, and help-seeking preferences.

PubMed

Ni, Chunping; Ma, Lihua; Wang, Bo; Yan, Yongping; Huang, Yueqin; Wallen, Gwenyth R; Li, Lu; Lang, Hongjuan; Hua, Qianzhen

2014-08-01

This study assessed knowledge of neurotic disorders, and attitudes and preferences toward professional help and treatment for them, among general medical outpatients in general hospitals in Xi'an, China. General medical outpatients (N=372) from general hospitals in China were recruited by using a stratified cluster sampling method between June and September 2010. In face-to-face interviews, participants age 16 years or older were assessed for their knowledge, attitudes, and help-seeking preferences in regard to neurotic disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, social phobia, and panic disorder). Demographic data were also collected. Lack of insight into neurotic disorders was common among medical outpatients in general hospitals of Xi'an, China. Twenty-four percent to 58% of the outpatients had some knowledge of the symptoms and treatment of neurotic disorders. Only 11% of the outpatients would reveal to others that they or a family member suffered from neurotic disorders. When faced with the problem of neurotic disorders, the preference of the respondents was to visit a psychiatrist in a general hospital (44%), and only 17% would visit a physician in a psychiatric hospital. Major ways for the outpatients to obtain knowledge regarding neurotic disorders were via radio and television (36%), and only 18%-23% of outpatients obtained knowledge about neurotic disorders through printed public health materials and by attending lectures. Study results underscore the need for information campaigns aimed at improving the mental health literacy of general medical outpatients. Such campaigns must consider culturally relevant beliefs to facilitate the development of specific educational programs.

An analysis of teacher’s preparation in implementing 2013 revision edition curriculum on mathematics specialization learning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Susilo, T.; Suryawan, A.

2018-05-01

This study aimed to determine the pedagogical competence of teachers, the readiness of planning and implementation of learning related to the implementation 2013 revised edition curriculum on mathematics specialization learning for senior high schools Wonogiri. Informants in this study there are 6 high school mathematics teachers X and XI class who teach in the school district Wonogiri. Data were collected using questionnaire method, interview, observation and documentation. Qualitative data analysis is done interactively through 4 paths: data collection, data reduction, data display, drawing conclusion. The results showed that high school mathematics teacher class X and XI in school district of Wonogiri City. The results show that most high school mathematics teachers in grade X and XI are ready to implement the 2013 revised edition curriculum and a few have not been able to implement due to internal or external factors. High school math teachers at Wonogiri district who are ready to face the 2013 revised edition curriculum have applied 10 teacher pedagogic competency indicators according to Regulation of the national education ministry Number 16 Year 2007 in learning. The readiness and implementation of mathematics learning is in line with the demands of the 2013 revised edition curriculum. Based on the teachers who are not ready, data on issues that arise in the implementation of the 2013 revised edition curriculum. Especially the problems in learning, namely mismatch of Core Competence (KI) and Basic Competence (KD) in teacher manual, material disregard in student handbook and lack of examples of problems that exist in teacher manual.

Comparison of the therapeutic effects of sildenafil citrate, heparin and neuropeptides in a rat model of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer.

PubMed

Kalayci, Mehmet; Kocdor, Mehmet Ali; Kuloglu, Tuncay; Sahin, İbrahim; Sarac, Mehmet; Aksoy, Aziz; Yardim, Meltem; Dalkilic, Semih; Gursu, Onur; Aydin, Suna; Akkoc, Ramazan Fazil; Ugras, Meltem; Artas, Gokhan; Ozercan, İbrahim Hanifi; Ugur, Kader; Aydin, Suleyman

2017-10-01

The purpose of our investigative work has been to determine whether there can be therapeutic roles in the administration of sildenafil citrate, heparin and several neuropeptides on an animal model where gastric ulcers were induced with acetic acid, and to compare their efficacy. The animals were divided into 13 groups, with 4 animals in each. Gastric ulcers was induced in the animals of 12 groups with one untreated group being left as the control (Group I - control; given normal saline (NS)). The other groups were: Group II (ulcer+NS); Group III (5mg/kg sildenafil citrate, low dose); Group IV (10mg/kg sildenafil citrate, high dose); Group V (0.6mg/kg heparin, low dose); Group VI (6mg/kg heparin, high dose); Group VII (20nmol/kg des-acyl ghrelin); Group VIII (40nmol/kg des-acyl ghrelin); Group IX (4nmol/kg acyl ghrelin); Group X (8nmol/kg acly ghrelin); Group XI (20pmol/kg Nesfatin-1); Group XII (15nmol/kg Obestatin) and Group XIII (5nmol/kg Neuropeptide Y). Gastric neuropeptide expression was measured using an immunohistochemical method, and the amount in circulation was detected using ELISA. To compare with no treatment, the controls and other treatment groups, we recorded loss of the surface epithelium of the stomach, erosion, bleeding and inflammatory cell infiltration in the upper halves of the gastric glands. The muscularis and the layers beneath it were, however, apparently normal. The gastric mucosa healed with little or no inflammation when sildenafil citrate, low dose heparin, ghrelin, NUCB2/Nesfatin-1, obestatin, Neuropeptide Y were administered. Overall the data indicate that low dose heparin, and especially sildenafil citrate and neuropeptides, can be used clinically as an alternative approach in the treatment of the gastric ulcer. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Model Debate for the Yellow Book Learning in Islamic Boarding School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Apdoludin; Saidek, Abdul Rahim; Islami, Raisul

2016-01-01

This study aimed to determine the effect model of debate in the yellow book learning in schools to improve students' critical thinking skills so they can find a new science. This study was an experimental study with a control group. The study was conducted in classes XI Islamic Boarding School Al-Hidayah Jambi. This study uses two parallel…

Developing a Vision for the Common Core Classroom: What Does Elementary Social Studies Look Like?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Britt, Judy; Howe, Mandi

2014-01-01

In each edition of their book "Doing History: Investigating with Children in Elementary and Middle Schools", Levstik and Barton (2011) encourage us to take a mental journey to imagine classrooms where students regularly "do history" (xi). The social studies experiences that many educators envision for elementary classrooms…

Dissipative MHD solutions for resonant Alfven waves in 1-dimensional magnetic flux tubes

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Goossens, Marcel; Ruderman, Michail S.; Hollweg, Joseph V.

1995-01-01

The present paper extends the analysis by Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg (1991) on resonant Alfven waves in nonuniform magnetic flux tubes. It proves that the fundamental conservation law for resonant Alfven waves found in ideal MHD by Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg remains valid in dissipative MHD. This guarantees that the jump conditions of Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg, that connect the ideal MHD solutions for xi(sub r), and P' across the dissipative layer, are correct. In addition, the present paper replaces the complicated dissipative MHD solutions obtained by Sakurai, Goossens, and Hollweg for xi(sub r), and P' in terms of double integrals of Hankel functions of complex argument of order 1/3 with compact analytical solutions that allow a straight- forward mathematical and physical interpretation. Finally, it presents an analytical dissipative MHD solution for the component of the Lagrangian displacement in the magnetic surfaces perpen- dicular to the magnetic field lines xi(sub perpendicular) which enables us to determine the dominant dynamics of resonant Alfven waves in dissipative MHD.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Seco, J; Giantsoudi, D; Eaton, BR

Purpose: To investigate the trade-off between vertebral column sparing and thecal-sac target coverage in craniospinal irradiation (CSI) of pediatric patients treated with passive-scattering (PS) and intensity modulated (IMPT) proton therapy. Methods: We selected 2 pediatric patients treated with PS CSI for medulloblastoma. Spinal irradiation was re-planned with IMPT. For all cases, we assumed prescription dose of 23.4 Gy(RBE), with the spinal canal receiving at least 95% of 23.4 Gy(RBE). PS planning was performed using the commercial system XiO. IMPT planning was done using the Astroid planning system. Beam arrangements consisted of (a) PS posterior-anterior (PA) field, PS-PA, (b) IMPT PAmore » field, IMPT-PA, and (c) two posterior oblique IMPT fields, IMPT2 (-35°, 35°). Dose distributions were re-calculated using TOPAS Monte Carlo, along with LET distributions, to investigate LET variations within the target and vertebra anatomy. Variable RBE-weighed dose distributions were also calculated based on a dose and LET-dependent biophysical model. Dosimetric data were compared among the plans for the target volume, spinal cord and adjacent critical organs (thecal-sac and cauda equina). Results: IMPT2 resulted in better sparing of the posterior vertebral column (entrance region posterior to thecal-sac), where planned dose was approximately 6–8Gy(RBE). For IMPT-PA and PS-PA the MC-calculated dose to the posterior vertebral column was, on average, 20Gy and 18Gy respectively. For IMPT2 higher mean-LET (5keV/µm/(g/cm3)) values were observed in anterior vertebral column (beyond the thecal-sac) relative to IMPT-PA and PS-PA, where mean-LET was 3.5keV/µm/(g/cm3) and 2.5keV/µm/(g/cm3) respectively. The higher LET region observed for both IMPT plans was in the distal end of treatment fields, where dose delivered was less 5Gy(RBE). Conclusion: The two-oblique proton beams IMPT2 best spared the spinal column, while reducing the dose to the posterior spinal column from 18–20 to 6–8 Gy(RBE). The best LET distribution was obtained with the PS-PA fields.« less

Youth Attitude Tracking Study II Wave 17 -- Fall 1986.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-06-01

decision, unless so designated by other official documentation. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PREFACE ................................................. xi...Segmentation Analyses .......................... 2-7 .3. METHODOLOGY OF YATS II....................................... 3-1 A. Sampling Design Overview...Sampling Design , Estimation Procedures and Estimated Sampling Errors ................................. A-i Appendix B: Data Collection Procedures

The Business Case for Systems Engineering Study: Detailed Response Data

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-11-01

of Carnegie Mellon University. DM -0000794 CMU/SEI-2012-SR-011 | i Table of Contents Acknowledgments ix Executive Summary xi Abstract xiii...providing an SRD25 upfront with crisp requirements. Customer/acquirer consistently talks about SE but never practices SE. Customer practices SE

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease predicts type 2 diabetes mellitus, but not prediabetes, in Xi'an, China: a five-year cohort study.

PubMed

Ming, Jie; Xu, Shaoyong; Gao, Bin; Liu, Guocai; Ji, Yufei; Yang, Fan; Jia, Yunan; Fang, Yujie; Ji, Qiuhe

2015-11-01

Emerging studies have focused the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) but the results were inconsistent. In addition, few studies have put focus on the association between NAFLD and the risk of prediabetes. We aimed to investigate whether NAFLD diagnosed by ultrasonography could predict the risk of future T2DM and prediabetes in Chinese population. The population-based cohort study held in Xi'an, Northwestern China, was based on China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Survey. During a follow-up of 5 years, 508 healthy subjects were included as study sample. NAFLD was determined by abdominal ultrasonography. T2DM and prediabetes were diagnosed based on oral glucose tolerance test. Of 508 subjects, 97 (19.1%) were diagnosed as NAFLD and 411 (80.9%) were as non-NAFLD; 20 (3.9%) developed diabetes and 85 (16.7%) developed prediabetes during follow-up. The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes in the NAFLD group was 20.6 and 51.6 per 1000 person-years, respectively, whereas that in non-NAFLD group was 4.9 and 29.2 per 1000 person-years respectively. Cox proportional hazard regression showed that the multivariable-adjusted relative risk (RR) of T2DM and prediabetes in the NAFLD group was 4.462 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.855-10.734, P < 0.001] and 1.642 (95% CI: 0.965-2.793, P = 0.067), respectively, compared with non-NAFLD group. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was a significant predictor for future diabetes, but not for prediabetes, in Xi'an, China. More cohort studies are needed to confirm our findings. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Synthesis of 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-24-one, an intermediate in the 25-hydroxylation pathway of cholic acid biosynthesis from cholesterol.

PubMed

Dayal, B; Tint, G S; Batta, A K; Shefer, S; Salen, G; Bose, A K; Pramanik, B N

1983-02-01

This paper describes the chemical synthesis of 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25-tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-24-one via selective oxidation of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha, 24 xi,25-pentol with silver carbonate on celite. The structure of this 24-keto bile alcohol was confirmed by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Synthesis of this compound via pyridinium chlorochromate oxidation of the triacetoxy derivative of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,24 xi,25-pentol followed by saponification further established its structure. 3 alpha,7 alpha,12 alpha,25-Tetrahydroxy-5 beta-cholestan-24-one was required for the in vivo and in vitro studies of side-chain oxidation and cleavage in the 25-hydroxylation pathway of cholic acid biosynthesis.

The Semigeostrophic Equations Discretized in Reference and Dual Variables

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cullen, Mike; Gangbo, Wilfrid; Pisante, Giovanni

2007-08-01

We study the evolution of a system of n particles {\\{(x_i, v_i)\\}_{i=1}n} in {mathbb{R}^{2d}} . That system is a conservative system with a Hamiltonian of the form {H[μ]=W22(μ, νn)} , where W 2 is the Wasserstein distance and μ is a discrete measure concentrated on the set {\\{(x_i, v_i)\\}_{i=1}n} . Typically, μ(0) is a discrete measure approximating an initial L ∞ density and can be chosen randomly. When d = 1, our results prove convergence of the discrete system to a variant of the semigeostrophic equations. We obtain that the limiting densities are absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. When {\\{ν^n\\}_{n=1}^infty} converges to a measure concentrated on a special d-dimensional set, we obtain the Vlasov-Monge-Ampère (VMA) system. When, d = 1 the VMA system coincides with the standard Vlasov-Poisson system.

[Catering for client groups during the XXII Olympic winter games and XI Paralympic winter games of 2014 in Sochi].

PubMed

Popova, A Yu; Gus'kov, A S; Ivanov, G E; Chikina, L V; Klindukhov, V P; Nikolaevich, P N; Grechanaya, T V; Balaeva, M I; Vechernyaya, L S; Vechernyaya, E A; Bozhko, I I; Parkhomenko, V V; Kulichenko, O A; Tushina, O V; Manin, E A; Taran, T V

2016-01-01

The problems of catering control various client groups during the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi is one of the priorities of the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population during mass events. The data on the order of nutrition of guests and participants of the games, control of food items, sanitary and microbiological monitoring of drinking water, food raw materials and products are presented. It is noted that the ongoing supervisory activities contributed to the sanitary and epidemiological well-being during the Games. The purpose of this study was to lighting modern achievements in the field of nutrition and food microbiology in the period of the Olympic Games and the determination of their value to the further improvement and use at when conducting mass gatherings.

[Review of "Appended emergent recipes" recorded in New Chronicle of Wuqiang County of the Qing dynasty].

PubMed

Kong, Lingqing

2014-01-01

In the volume 10 of New Chronicle of the Wuqiang County compiled in the 10(th) year of Daoguang reign (1830), there is an attached "Appended emergent recipes" with a large space devoted to TCM first-aid therapies, including 13,000 Chinese characters under 14 topics. Under each topic, the first-aid measures from Xi yuan ji lu (Collected Records of Washing Away Wrong Cases) are first cited, followed by many practical first-aid methods, thus summarizing emergency medicine and experiences since the Song dynasty, embodying the abundant first-aid therapy of northern China, representing the real level of emergent medicine of that period. It is quite seldom to see so rich emergent measures collected in an overall county chronicle and is therefore of significance for the studies on the history of the versions of the book Xi yuan ji lu.

TU-EF-304-05: Anterior Proton Beams for Prostate Treatments Lead to Substantial Elevations in Modeled RBE-Weighted Rectal Dose

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Underwood, T; Dept. Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London; Giantsoudi, D

2015-06-15

Purpose: If a constant RBE of 1.1 is assumed, range-verified anterior oblique (AO) proton beams appear to offer the potential to reduce the mean dose delivered to the rectum, anterior rectal wall and penile bulb by a factor of ∼2 relative to standard bilateral (SB) proton beam arrangements. Additionally, AO proton beams targeted at the prostate avoid the femoral heads and so form a particularly appealing option for patients with hip prostheses. This study investigates LET enhancement at the distal edge of AO SOBPs, applying RBE models to consider the extent to which AO beams lead to hotspots in rectummore » biological dose. Methods: Eight patients were selected, all treated with passively scattered, SB proton beams to 79.2Gy(E) within the prostate and 50.4Gy(E) within the proximal 5–15mm of seminal vesicles. Additional plans utilizing AO beams (±35°) were created in XiO (Elekta) assuming a fixed RBE of 1.1. Voxelised dose and LET distributions were calculated using Monte Carlo (TOPAS). Three different LET/RBE models were applied (Carabe 2012, Wedenberg 2013, McNamara 2015). Results: Across the eight patients, the mean LET within the rectal wall was found to be 3.5(3.2–4.0)keV/µm for the SB plans compared to 10.5(8.6–13.0)keV/µm for the AO plans. Application of the median LET/RBE model to the AO plans, rather than a fixed RBE of 1.1, resulted in an increase of 13.6(11.9–14.7)GyRBE in maximum rectal wall (1cc) RBEw dose, leading to values of 90.4(90.0–91.3)GyRBE. Conclusion: relative to SB proton beams, AO proton beams exhibit substantially increased mean LET values within the rectal wall. For the passively scattered AO beams, modeling indicates that this enhancement is likely to translate into unacceptable RBEw dose hotspots. Whilst no RBE- LET model has yet been fully validated in-vivo, caution must be applied if AO beams are to be considered for prostate patients.« less

Adaptation to vestibular disorientation. XI, The influence of specific and nonspecific gravi-receptors on nystagmic responses to angular acceleration.

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1969-10-01

Data from several recent experiments indicate that the otoliths (detectors of linear acceleration) may exert regulatory effects on responses of the semicircular canals (detectors of angular acceleration). This study was designed to explore further th...

Models for Aircrew Safety Assessment: Uses, Limitations and Requirements (la Modelisation des conditions de securite des equipages: applications, limitations et cahiers des charges)

DTIC Science & Technology

1999-08-01

immediately, re- ducing venous return artifacts during the first beat of the simulation. tn+1 - W+ on c+ / \\ W_ on c_ t 1 Xi-l Xi+1 Figure 4...s) Figure 5: The effect of network complexity. The aortic pressure is shown in Figure 5 during the fifth beat for the networks with one and three...Mechanical Engineering Department, Uni- versity of Victoria. [19] Huyghe J.M., 1986, "Nonlinear Finite Element Models of The Beating Left

Dark energy and the BOOMERANG data.

PubMed

Amendola, L

2001-01-08

The recent high-quality BOOMERANG data allow the testing of many competing cosmological models. Here I present a seven-parameter likelihood analysis of dark energy models with exponential potential and explicit coupling to dark matter. The BOOMERANG data constrain the dimensionless coupling beta to be smaller than 0.1, an order of magnitude better than previous limits. In terms of the constant xi of nonminimally coupled theories, this amounts to xi<0.01. On the other hand, BOOMERANG does not have enough sensitivity to put constraints on the potential slope.

Problem Based Learning in Cooperative Situation (PBLCS) and Its Impact on Development of Personal Intelligence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Talib, Ahmad; Bini Kailani, Ismail

2014-01-01

The objective of this study was focused on the observation on the practice of PBLCS learning model, and its impact on the development of personal intelligence (interpersonal and intrapersonal) students. This study used a quasi-experimental design with one factor measurement. The study population was students of class XI, IPA (Natural Science) SMAN…

Task and Rater Effects in L2 Speaking and Writing: A Synthesis of Generalizability Studies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

In'nami, Yo; Koizumi, Rie

2016-01-01

We addressed Deville and Chalhoub-Deville's (2006), Schoonen's (2012), and Xi and Mollaun's (2006) call for research into the contextual features that are considered related to person-by-task interactions in the framework of generalizability theory in two ways. First, we quantitatively synthesized the generalizability studies to determine the…

Utilizing Instructional Media for Teaching Infrastructure Administration

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fajriah, Ulfah Nur; Churiyah, Madziatul

2016-01-01

This study aims to produce instructional media Corel VideoStudio Pro X7-based on teaching infrastructure administration at class XI of APK in SMKN 1 Ngawi, East Java, Indonesia. This study uses Research and Development research design (R & D) through 10 steps, namely: (1) the potential and problems, (2) data collection, (3) the design of the…

Screening Study on Feasibility of Standards of Performance ...

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

... VII ittttl w.xi Itl lln-.virc li .-illy Im 61,1, | ell to I III' ptl.rv'NS wt'l^lil | I linll.1l I"lis il|'|>l I- ^O f.'thl*' I,i fi,,,-l, M M.tir,-.-: ... 3 Industrial Factors K. Factor K is the ...

Civil Law Study Guide.

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-01

Occupational Field . 12. A pattern of discreditable involvement with military or *- civilian authorities, notwithstanding the fact that such misconduct has...AUTHORITIES .... ......... 10-1 CHAPTER XI ....... FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN THE MILITARY ......... 11-1 CHAPTER XII . . . CLAIMS...2-3 0204 WHAT CONSTITUTES MISCONDUCT. .. ............. .. 2-4 A. General rule .. .. .............. ...... 2-4 *B. No military duty can require

Caesarean section rate and cost control effectiveness of case payment reform in the new cooperative medical scheme for delivery: evidence from Xi County, China.

PubMed

Liu, Shuang; Wang, Jing; Zhang, Liang; Zhang, Xiang

2018-03-09

In China, increases in both the caesarean section (CS) rates and delivery costs have raised questions regarding the reform of the medical insurance payment system. Case payment is useful for regulating the behaviour of health providers and for controlling the CS rates and excessive increases in medical expenses. New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) agencies in Xi County in Henan Province piloted a case payment reform (CPR) in delivery for inpatients. We aimed to observe the changes in the CS rates, compare the changes in delivery-related variables, and identify variables related to delivery costs before and after the CPR in Xi County. Overall, 28,314 cases were selected from the Xi County NCMS agency from 2009 to 2010 and from 2014 to 2015. One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to compare the distributions of CS and vaginal delivery (VD) before and after the CPR under different indicators. We applied multivariate linear regressions for the total medical cost of the VD and CS groups and total samples to identify the relationships between medical expenses and variables. The CS rates in Xi County increased from 26.1% to 32.5% after the CPR. The length of stay (LOS), total medical cost, and proportion of county hospitals increased in the CS and VD groups after the CPR, which had significant differences. The total medical cost in the CS and VD groups as well as the total samples was significantly influenced by inpatient age, LOS, and hospital type, and had a significant correlation with the CPR in the VD group and the total samples. The CPR might fail to control the growth of unreasonable medical expenses and regulate the behaviour of providers, which possibly resulted from the unreasonable compensation standard of case payments, prolonged LOS, and the increasing proportion of county hospitals. The NCMS should modify the case payment standard of delivery to inhibit providers' motivation to render CS services. The LOS should be controlled by implementing clinical guidelines, and a reference system should be established to guide patients in choosing reasonable hospitals.

Genome-wide identification, splicing, and expression analysis of the myosin gene family in maize (Zea mays)

PubMed Central

Wang, Guifeng; Zhong, Mingyu; Wang, Gang; Song, Rentao

2014-01-01

The actin-based myosin system is essential for the organization and dynamics of the endomembrane system and transport network in plant cells. Plants harbour two unique myosin groups, class VIII and class XI, and the latter is structurally and functionally analogous to the animal and fungal class V myosin. Little is known about myosins in grass, even though grass includes several agronomically important cereal crops. Here, we identified 14 myosin genes from the genome of maize (Zea mays). The relatively larger sizes of maize myosin genes are due to their much longer introns, which are abundant in transposable elements. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that maize myosin genes could be classified into class VIII and class XI, with three and 11 members, respectively. Apart from subgroup XI-F, the remaining subgroups were duplicated at least in one analysed lineage, and the duplication events occurred more extensively in Arabidopsis than in maize. Only two pairs of maize myosins were generated from segmental duplication. Expression analysis revealed that most maize myosin genes were expressed universally, whereas a few members (XI-1, -6, and -11) showed an anther-specific pattern, and many underwent extensive alternative splicing. We also found a short transcript at the O1 locus, which conceptually encoded a headless myosin that most likely functions at the transcriptional level rather than via a dominant-negative mechanism at the translational level. Together, these data provide significant insights into the evolutionary and functional characterization of maize myosin genes that could transfer to the identification and application of homologous myosins of other grasses. PMID:24363426

THERMAL STRUCTURE OF CORONAL LOOPS AS SEEN WITH NORIKURA CORONAGRAPH

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Prasad, S. Krishna; Singh, Jagdev; Ichimoto, K., E-mail: krishna@iiap.res.in

2013-03-10

The thermal structure of a coronal loop, both along and across the loop, is vital in determining the exact plasma heating mechanism. High-resolution spectroscopic observations of the off-limb corona were made using the 25 cm Norikura coronagraph, located at Norikura, Japan. Observations on a number of days were made simultaneously in four forbidden iron emission lines, namely, the [Fe XI] 7892 A line, the [Fe XIII] 10747 A and 10798 A lines, and the [Fe XIV] 5303 A line and on some days made only in the [Fe XI] 7892 A and [Fe X] 6374 A lines. Using temperature sensitivemore » emission line ratios [Fe XIV] 5303 A/[Fe XIII] 10747 A and [Fe XI] 7892 A/[Fe X] 6374 A, we compute the electron temperatures along 18 different loop structures observed on different days. We find a significant negative temperature gradient in all of the structures observed in Fe XIV and Fe XIII and a positive temperature gradient in the structures observed in Fe XI and Fe X. Combining these results with the previous investigations by Singh and his collaborators, we infer that the loop tops, in general, appear hotter when observed in colder lines and colder when observed in relatively hotter lines as compared to their coronal foot points. We suggest that this contrasting trend observed in the temperature variation along the loop structures can be explained by a gradual interaction of different temperature plasma. The exact mechanism responsible for this interaction must be investigated further and has the potential to constrain loop heating models.« less

Kinetic characterization of factor Xa binding using a quenched fluorescent substrate based on the reactive site of factor Xa inhibitor from Bauhinia ungulata seeds.

PubMed

Oliva, M L V; Andrade, S A; Juliano, M A; Sallai, R C; Torquato, R J; Sampaio, M U; Pott, V J; Sampaio, C A M

2003-07-01

The specific Kunitz Bauhinia ungulata factor Xa inhibitor (BuXI) and the Bauhinia variegata trypsin inhibitor (BvTI) blocked the activity of trypsin, chymotrypsin, plasmin, plasma kallikrein and factor XIIa, and factor Xa inhibition was achieved only by BuXI (K(i) 14 nM). BuXI and BvTI are highly homologous (70%). The major differences are the methionine residues at BuXI reactive site, which are involved in the inhibition, since the oxidized protein no longer inhibits factor Xa but maintains the trypsin inhibition. Quenched fluorescent substrates based on the reactive site sequence of the inhibitors were synthesized and the kinetic parameters of the hydrolysis were determined using factor Xa and trypsin. The catalytic efficiency k(cat)/K(m) 4.3 x 10(7) M(-1)sec(>-1) for Abz-VMIAALPRTMFIQ-EDDnp (lead peptide) hydrolysis by factor Xa was 10(4)-fold higher than that of Boc-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-AMC, widely used as factor Xa substrate. Lengthening of the substrate changed its susceptibility to factor Xa hydrolysis. Both methionine residues in the substrate influence the binding to factor Xa. Serine replacement of threonine (P(1)') decreases the catalytic efficiency by four orders of magnitude. Factor Xa did not hydrolyze the substrate containing the reactive site sequence of BvTI, that inhibits trypsin inhibitor but not factor Xa. Abz-VMIAALPRTMFIQ-EDDnp prolonged both the prothrombin time and the activated partial thromboplastin time, and the other modified substrates used in this experiment altered blood-clotting assays.

Adaptive aneuploidy protects against thiol peroxidase deficiency by increasing respiration via key mitochondrial proteins.

PubMed

Kaya, Alaattin; Gerashchenko, Maxim V; Seim, Inge; Labarre, Jean; Toledano, Michel B; Gladyshev, Vadim N

2015-08-25

Aerobic respiration is a fundamental energy-generating process; however, there is cost associated with living in an oxygen-rich environment, because partially reduced oxygen species can damage cellular components. Organisms evolved enzymes that alleviate this damage and protect the intracellular milieu, most notably thiol peroxidases, which are abundant and conserved enzymes that mediate hydrogen peroxide signaling and act as the first line of defense against oxidants in nearly all living organisms. Deletion of all eight thiol peroxidase genes in yeast (∆8 strain) is not lethal, but results in slow growth and a high mutation rate. Here we characterized mechanisms that allow yeast cells to survive under conditions of thiol peroxidase deficiency. Two independent ∆8 strains increased mitochondrial content, altered mitochondrial distribution, and became dependent on respiration for growth but they were not hypersensitive to H2O2. In addition, both strains independently acquired a second copy of chromosome XI and increased expression of genes encoded by it. Survival of ∆8 cells was dependent on mitochondrial cytochrome-c peroxidase (CCP1) and UTH1, present on chromosome XI. Coexpression of these genes in ∆8 cells led to the elimination of the extra copy of chromosome XI and improved cell growth, whereas deletion of either gene was lethal. Thus, thiol peroxidase deficiency requires dosage compensation of CCP1 and UTH1 via chromosome XI aneuploidy, wherein these proteins support hydroperoxide removal with the reducing equivalents generated by the electron transport chain. To our knowledge, this is the first evidence of adaptive aneuploidy counteracting oxidative stress.

Field Observation of Heterogeneous Formation of Dicarboxylic acids, Keto-carboxylic acids, α-Dicarbonyls and Nitrate in Xi'an, China during Asian dust storm periods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, G.; Wang, J.; Ren, Y.; Li, J.

2015-12-01

To understand the formation mechanism of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) on dust surfaces, this study investigated the concentrations and compositions of dicarboxylic acids (C2-C11), keto-carboxylic acids (C3-C7), α-dicarbonyls and inorganic ions in size-segregated aerosols (9-stages) collected in Xi'an, China during the nondust storm and dust storm periods of 2009 and 2011. During the events the ambient particulate dicarboxylic acids were 932-2240 ng m-3, which are comparable and even higher than those in nondust periods. Molecular compositions of the above SOA are similar to those in nondust periods with oxalic acid being the leading species. In the presence of the dust storms, all the above mentioned SOA species in Xi'an were predominantly enriched on the coarse particles (>2.1μm), and oxalic acid well correlated with NO3- (R2=0.72, p<0.001) rather than SO42-.This phenomenon differs greatly from the SOA in any other nondust period that is characterized by an enrichment of oxalic acid in fine particles and a strong correlation of oxalic acid with SO42-. Our results further demonstrate that NO3- in the dust periods in Xi'an was mostly derived from secondary oxidation, whereas SO42- during the events was largely derived from surface soil of Gobi deserts. We propose a formation pathway to explain these observations, in which nitric acid and/or nitrogen oxides react with dust to produce Ca(NO3)2 and form a liquid phase on the surface of dust aerosols via water vapor-absorption of Ca(NO3)2, followed by a partitioning of the gas-phase water-soluble organic precursors (e.g.,glyoxal and methylglyoxal) into the aqueous-phase and a subsequent oxidation into oxalic acid. To the best of our knowledge, we found for the first time the enrichment of glyoxal and methylglyoxal on dust surface. Our data suggest an important role of nitrate in the heterogeneous formation process of SOA on the surface of Asian dust.

Metacognitive skills and students' motivation toward chemical equilibrium problem solving ability: A correlational study on students of XI IPA SMAN 2 Banjarmasin

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Muna, Khairiatul; Sanjaya, Rahmat Eko; Syahmani, Bakti, Iriani

2017-12-01

The demand for students to have metacognitive skills and problem solving ability can be seen in the core competencies of the 2013 curriculum. Metacognitive skills are the skills which affect students' success in solving problems depending on students' motivation. This explains the possibility of the relationship between metacognition and motivation in affecting students' achievement including problem solving. Due to the importance of metacognitive skills to solve problems and the possible relationship between metacognition and motivation, a study to find the relationship among the variables is necessary to conduct, particularly on chemistry problem solving. This one shot case study using quantitative method aimed to investigate the correlation between metacognitive skills and motivation toward problem solving ability focusing on chemical equilibrium. The research population was students of grade XI of majoring Science of Banjarmasin Public High Scool 2 (XI IPA SMAN 2 Banjarmasin) with the samples of 33 students obtained by using purposive sampling technique. The research data were collected using test and non-test and analyzed using multiple regression in SPSS 21. The results of this study showed that (1) the students' metacognitive skills and motivation correlated positively with coefficient of +0.450 to problem solving ability on chemical equilibrium: (2) inter-variables of students' motivation (self-efficacy, active learning strategies, science/chemistry learning value, performance goal, achievement goal, and learning environment stimulations) correlated positively to metacognitive skills with the correlation coefficients of +0.580, +0.537, +0.363, +0.241, +0.516, and +0.271, respectively. Based on the results, it is necessary for teachers to implement learning which develops students' metacognitive skills and motivation, such as learning with scientific approach. The implementation of the learning is also supposed to be complemented with the use of learning device, such as student worksheet, to help students use their metacognitive skills in solving problems, particularly on chemistry subject.

TlBr and TlBr xI 1-x crystals for γ-ray detectors

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Churilov, Alexei V.; Ciampi, Guido; Kim, Hadong; Higgins, William M.; Cirignano, Leonard J.; Olschner, Fred; Biteman, Viktor; Minchello, Mark; Shah, Kanai S.

2010-04-01

TlBr and TlBr xI 1-x are wide bandgap semiconductor materials being investigated for applications in γ-ray spectroscopy. They have a good combination of density and atomic numbers, promising to make them very efficient detectors. Their low melting points and simple cubic and orthorhombic crystal structures are favorable for bulk crystal growth. However, these semiconductors need to be extremely pure to become useful as radiation detectors. Impurities can lead to charge trapping and scattering, reducing the charge transit lengths and limiting the detector thickness to <1 mm. Additional purification steps were implemented to improve the purity and mobility-lifetime product ( μτ) of electrons. Detector-grade TlBr with the electron μτ product of up to 6×10 -3 cm 2/V has been produced, which allowed operation of detectors up to 15 mm thickness. The ternary TlBr xI 1-x was investigated at different compositions to vary the bandgap and explore the effect of added TlI on the long term stability of detectors. The material analysis and detector characterization results are included.

Coronal Diagnostics of Intermediate Activity Star XI Boo A

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Drake, Jeremy

2005-01-01

The analysis of Xi Boo A proved difficult to adapt to our line-by-line approach because of the strong wings of the RGS instrumental profile, as has been detailed in earlier reports. While progress was also delayed because of problems in using SAS v4, we succeeded in the past year or so to bring the analysis to conclusion. Abundances have been derived using both EPIC and RGS data, confirming earlier EUVE findings of a mild solar-like FIP effect, though with some evidence of a turn-up in abundances of elements with higher FIP. Plasma densities appear normal for a moderately active stellar corona. Xi Boo A nicely bridges the gap between the very active stars and stars like the Sun, and it indeed does appear that these are the stars in which the solar-like FIP effects begins to change to the "inverse FIP" type of effect seen in the very active stars. Probing this divide was the main goal of the proposal. These results are in the process of being prepared for publication, though we have not decided the target journal as yet.

Search for Strange Pentaquark Production in e{sup +}e{sup -} Annihilations at {radical}s=10.5 GeV and in {Upsilon}(4S) Decays

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aubert, B

2004-08-16

The authors present a preliminary inclusive search for strange pentaquark production in e{sup +}e{sup -} interactions at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV using 123 fb{sup -1} of data collected with the BABAR detector. They look for the states that have been reported previously: the {Theta}{sup +}(1540), interpreted as a udud{bar s} state; and the {Xi}{sup --}(1860) and {Xi}{sup 0}(1860), candidate dsds{bar u} and uss(u{bar u} + d{bar d}) states, respectively. In addition they search for other members of the antidecuplet and corresponding octet to which these states are thought to belong. They find no evidence for the production ofmore » such states and set preliminary limits on their production cross sections as functions of c.m. momentum. The corresponding limits on the {Theta}{sup +}(1540) and {Xi}{sup --}(1860) rates per e{sup +}e{sup -} --> q{bar q} event are well below the rates measured for ordinary baryons of similar mass.« less

Search for maximal flavor violating scalars in same-charge lepton pairs in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV.

PubMed

Aaltonen, T; Adelman, J; Akimoto, T; Albrow, M G; Alvarez González, B; Amerio, S; Amidei, D; Anastassov, A; Annovi, A; Antos, J; Aoki, M; Apollinari, G; Apresyan, A; Arisawa, T; Artikov, A; Ashmanskas, W; Attal, A; Aurisano, A; Azfar, F; Azzi-Bacchetta, P; Azzurri, P; Bacchetta, N; Badgett, W; Barbaro-Galtieri, A; Barnes, V E; Barnett, B A; Baroiant, S; Bar-Shalom, S; Bartsch, V; Bauer, G; Beauchemin, P-H; Bedeschi, F; Bednar, P; Behari, S; Bellettini, G; Bellinger, J; Belloni, A; Benjamin, D; Beretvas, A; Beringer, J; Berry, T; Bhatti, A; Binkley, M; Bisello, D; Bizjak, I; Blair, R E; Blocker, C; Blumenfeld, B; Bocci, A; Bodek, A; Boisvert, V; Bolla, G; Bolshov, A; Bortoletto, D; Boudreau, J; Boveia, A; Brau, B; Bridgeman, A; Brigliadori, L; Bromberg, C; Brubaker, E; Budagov, J; Budd, H S; Budd, S; Burkett, K; Busetto, G; Bussey, P; Buzatu, A; Byrum, K L; Cabrera, S; Campanelli, M; Campbell, M; Canelli, F; Canepa, A; Carlsmith, D; Carosi, R; Carrillo, S; Carron, S; Casal, B; Casarsa, M; Castro, A; Catastini, P; Cauz, D; Cavalli-Sforza, M; Cerri, A; Cerrito, L; Chang, S H; Chen, Y C; Chertok, M; Chiarelli, G; Chlachidze, G; Chlebana, F; Cho, K; Chokheli, D; Chou, J P; Choudalakis, G; Chuang, S H; Chung, K; Chung, W H; Chung, Y S; Ciobanu, C I; Ciocci, M A; Clark, A; Clark, D; Compostella, G; Convery, M E; Conway, J; Cooper, B; Copic, K; Cordelli, M; Cortiana, G; Crescioli, F; Cuenca Almenar, C; Cuevas, J; Culbertson, R; Cully, J C; Dagenhart, D; Datta, M; Davies, T; de Barbaro, P; De Cecco, S; Deisher, A; De Lentdecker, G; De Lorenzo, G; Dell'orso, M; Demortier, L; Deng, J; Deninno, M; De Pedis, D; Derwent, P F; Di Giovanni, G P; Dionisi, C; Di Ruzza, B; Dittmann, J R; D'Onofrio, M; Donati, S; Dong, P; Donini, J; Dorigo, T; Dube, S; Efron, J; Erbacher, R; Errede, D; Errede, S; Eusebi, R; Fang, H C; Farrington, S; Fedorko, W T; Feild, R G; Feindt, M; Fernandez, J P; Ferrazza, C; Field, R; Flanagan, G; Forrest, R; Forrester, S; Franklin, M; Freeman, J C; Furic, I; Gallinaro, M; Galyardt, J; Garberson, F; Garcia, J E; Garfinkel, A F; Genser, K; Gerberich, H; Gerdes, D; Giagu, S; Giakoumopolou, V; Giannetti, P; Gibson, K; Gimmell, J L; Ginsburg, C M; Giokaris, N; Giordani, M; Giromini, P; Giunta, M; Glagolev, V; Glenzinski, D; Gold, M; Goldschmidt, N; Golossanov, A; Gomez, G; Gomez-Ceballos, G; Goncharov, M; González, O; Gorelov, I; Goshaw, A T; Goulianos, K; Gresele, A; Grinstein, S; Grosso-Pilcher, C; Grundler, U; Guimaraes da Costa, J; Gunay-Unalan, Z; Haber, C; Hahn, K; Hahn, S R; Halkiadakis, E; Hamilton, A; Han, B-Y; Han, J Y; Handler, R; Happacher, F; Hara, K; Hare, D; Hare, M; Harper, S; Harr, R F; Harris, R M; Hartz, M; Hatakeyama, K; Hauser, J; Hays, C; Heck, M; Heijboer, A; Heinemann, B; Heinrich, J; Henderson, C; Herndon, M; Heuser, J; Hewamanage, S; Hidas, D; Hill, C S; Hirschbuehl, D; Hocker, A; Hou, S; Houlden, M; Hsu, S-C; Huffman, B T; Hughes, R E; Husemann, U; Huston, J; Incandela, J; Introzzi, G; Iori, M; Ivanov, A; Iyutin, B; James, E; Jayatilaka, B; Jeans, D; Jeon, E J; Jindariani, S; Johnson, W; Jones, M; Joo, K K; Jun, S Y; Jung, J E; Junk, T R; Kamon, T; Kar, D; Karchin, P E; Kato, Y; Kephart, R; Kerzel, U; Khotilovich, V; Kilminster, B; Kim, D H; Kim, H S; Kim, J E; Kim, M J; Kim, S B; Kim, S H; Kim, Y K; Kimura, N; Kirsch, L; Klimenko, S; Klute, M; Knuteson, B; Ko, B R; Koay, S A; Kondo, K; Kong, D J; Konigsberg, J; Korytov, A; Kotwal, A V; Kraus, J; Kreps, M; Kroll, J; Krumnack, N; Kruse, M; Krutelyov, V; Kubo, T; Kuhlmann, S E; Kuhr, T; Kulkarni, N P; Kusakabe, Y; Kwang, S; Laasanen, A T; Lai, S; Lami, S; Lammel, S; Lancaster, M; Lander, R L; Lannon, K; Lath, A; Latino, G; Lazzizzera, I; Lecompte, T; Lee, J; Lee, J; Lee, Y J; Lee, S W; Lefèvre, R; Leonardo, N; Leone, S; Levy, S; Lewis, J D; Lin, C; Lin, C S; Linacre, J; Lindgren, M; Lipeles, E; Lister, A; Litvintsev, D O; Liu, T; Lockyer, N S; Loginov, A; Loreti, M; Lovas, L; Lu, R-S; Lucchesi, D; Lueck, J; Luci, C; Lujan, P; Lukens, P; Lungu, G; Lyons, L; Lys, J; Lysak, R; Lytken, E; Mack, P; Macqueen, D; Madrak, R; Maeshima, K; Makhoul, K; Maki, T; Maksimovic, P; Malde, S; Malik, S; Manca, G; Manousakis, A; Margaroli, F; Marino, C; Marino, C P; Martin, A; Martin, M; Martin, V; Martínez, M; Martínez-Ballarín, R; Maruyama, T; Mastrandrea, P; Masubuchi, T; Mattson, M E; Mazzanti, P; McFarland, K S; McIntyre, P; McNulty, R; Mehta, A; Mehtala, P; Menzemer, S; Menzione, A; Merkel, P; Mesropian, C; Messina, A; Miao, T; Miladinovic, N; Miles, J; Miller, R; Mills, C; Milnik, M; Mitra, A; Mitselmakher, G; Miyake, H; Moed, S; Moggi, N; Moon, C S; Moore, R; Morello, M; Movilla Fernandez, P; Mülmenstädt, J; Mukherjee, A; Muller, Th; Mumford, R; Murat, P; Mussini, M; Nachtman, J; Nagai, Y; Nagano, A; Naganoma, J; Nakamura, K; Nakano, I; Napier, A; Necula, V; Neu, C; Neubauer, M S; Nielsen, J; Nodulman, L; Norman, M; Norniella, O; Nurse, E; Oh, S H; Oh, Y D; Oksuzian, I; Okusawa, T; Oldeman, R; Orava, R; Osterberg, K; Pagan Griso, S; Pagliarone, C; Palencia, E; Papadimitriou, V; Papaikonomou, A; Paramonov, A A; Parks, B; Pashapour, S; Patrick, J; Pauletta, G; Paulini, M; Paus, C; Pellett, D E; Penzo, A; Phillips, T J; Piacentino, G; Piedra, J; Pinera, L; Pitts, K; Plager, C; Pondrom, L; Portell, X; Poukhov, O; Pounder, N; Prakoshyn, F; Pronko, A; Proudfoot, J; Ptohos, F; Punzi, G; Pursley, J; Rademacker, J; Rahaman, A; Rajaraman, A; Ramakrishnan, V; Ranjan, N; Redondo, I; Reisert, B; Rekovic, V; Renton, P; Rescigno, M; Richter, S; Rimondi, F; Ristori, L; Robson, A; Rodrigo, T; Rogers, E; Rolli, S; Roser, R; Rossi, M; Rossin, R; Roy, P; Ruiz, A; Russ, J; Rusu, V; Saarikko, H; Safonov, A; Sakumoto, W K; Salamanna, G; Saltó, O; Santi, L; Sarkar, S; Sartori, L; Sato, K; Savoy-Navarro, A; Scheidle, T; Schlabach, P; Schmidt, E E; Schmidt, M A; Schmidt, M P; Schmitt, M; Schwarz, T; Scodellaro, L; Scott, A L; Scribano, A; Scuri, F; Sedov, A; Seidel, S; Seiya, Y; Semenov, A; Sexton-Kennedy, L; Sfyria, A; Shalhout, S Z; Shapiro, M D; Shears, T; Shepard, P F; Sherman, D; Shimojima, M; Shochet, M; Shon, Y; Shreyber, I; Sidoti, A; Sinervo, P; Sisakyan, A; Slaughter, A J; Slaunwhite, J; Sliwa, K; Smith, J R; Snider, F D; Snihur, R; Soderberg, M; Soha, A; Somalwar, S; Sorin, V; Spalding, J; Spinella, F; Spreitzer, T; Squillacioti, P; Stanitzki, M; St Denis, R; Stelzer, B; Stelzer-Chilton, O; Stentz, D; Strologas, J; Stuart, D; Suh, J S; Sukhanov, A; Sun, H; Suslov, I; Suzuki, T; Taffard, A; Takashima, R; Takeuchi, Y; Tanaka, R; Tecchio, M; Teng, P K; Terashi, K; Thom, J; Thompson, A S; Thompson, G A; Thomson, E; Tipton, P; Tiwari, V; Tkaczyk, S; Toback, D; Tokar, S; Tollefson, K; Tomura, T; Tonelli, D; Torre, S; Torretta, D; Tourneur, S; Trischuk, W; Tu, Y; Turini, N; Ukegawa, F; Uozumi, S; Vallecorsa, S; van Remortel, N; Varganov, A; Vataga, E; Vázquez, F; Velev, G; Vellidis, C; Veszpremi, V; Vidal, M; Vidal, R; Vila, I; Vilar, R; Vine, T; Vogel, M; Volobouev, I; Volpi, G; Würthwein, F; Wagner, P; Wagner, R G; Wagner, R L; Wagner-Kuhr, J; Wagner, W; Wakisaka, T; Wallny, R; Wang, S M; Warburton, A; Waters, D; Weinberger, M; Wester, W C; Whitehouse, B; Whiteson, D; Wicklund, A B; Wicklund, E; Williams, G; Williams, H H; Wilson, P; Winer, B L; Wittich, P; Wolbers, S; Wolfe, C; Wright, T; Wu, X; Wynne, S M; Yagil, A; Yamamoto, K; Yamaoka, J; Yamashita, T; Yang, C; Yang, U K; Yang, Y C; Yao, W M; Yeh, G P; Yoh, J; Yorita, K; Yoshida, T; Yu, G B; Yu, F; Yu, I; Yu, S S; Yun, J C; Zanello, L; Zanetti, A; Zaw, I; Zhang, X; Zheng, Y; Zucchelli, S

2009-01-30

Models of maximal flavor violation (MxFV) in elementary particle physics may contain at least one new scalar SU(2) doublet field Phi(FV)=(eta(0),eta(+)) that couples the first and third generation quarks (q_(1), q_(3)) via a Lagrangian term L(FV)=xi(13)Phi(FV)q(1)q(3). These models have a distinctive signature of same-charge top-quark pairs and evade flavor-changing limits from meson mixing measurements. Data corresponding to 2 fb(-1) collected by the Collider Dectector at Fermilab II detector in pp[over ] collisions at sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV are analyzed for evidence of the MxFV signature. For a neutral scalar eta(0) with m_(eta;(0))=200 GeV/c(2) and coupling xi(13)=1, approximately 11 signal events are expected over a background of 2.1+/-1.8 events. Three events are observed in the data, consistent with background expectations, and limits are set on the coupling xi(13) for m(eta(0)=180-300 GeV/c(2).

SU-F-P-37: Implementation of An End-To-End QA Test of the Radiation Therapy Imaging, Planning and Delivery Process to Identify and Correct Possible Sources of Deviation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Salinas Aranda, F; Suarez, V; Arbiser, S

2016-06-15

Purpose: To implement an end-to-end QA test of the radiation therapy imaging, planning and delivery process, aimed to assess the dosimetric agreement accuracy between planned and delivered treatment, in order to identify and correct possible sources of deviation. To establish an internal standard for machine commissioning acceptance. Methods: A test involving all steps of the radiation therapy: imaging, planning and delivery process was designed. The test includes analysis of point dose and planar dose distributions agreement between TPS calculated and measured dose. An ad hoc 16 cm diameter PMMA phantom was constructed with one central and four peripheral bores thatmore » can accommodate calibrated electron density inserts. Using Varian Eclipse 10.0 and Elekta XiO 4.50 planning systems, IMRT, RapidArc and 3DCRT with hard and dynamic wedges plans were planned on the phantom and tested. An Exradin A1SL chamber is used with a Keithley 35617EBS electrometer for point dose measurements in the phantom. 2D dose distributions were acquired using MapCheck and Varian aS1000 EPID.Gamma analysis was performed for evaluation of 2D dose distribution agreement using MapCheck software and Varian Portal Dosimetry Application.Varian high energy Clinacs Trilogy, 2100C/CD, 2000CR and low energy 6X/EX where tested.TPS-CT# vs. electron density table were checked for CT-scanners used. Results: Calculated point doses were accurate to 0.127% SD: 0.93%, 0.507% SD: 0.82%, 0.246% SD: 1.39% and 0.012% SD: 0.01% for LoX-3DCRT, HiX-3DCRT, IMRT and RapidArc plans respectively. Planar doses pass gamma 3% 3mm in all cases and 2% 2mm for VMAT plans. Conclusion: Implementation of a simple and reliable quality assurance tool was accomplished. The end-to-end proved efficient, showing excellent agreement between planned and delivered dose evidencing strong consistency of the whole process from imaging through planning to delivery. This test can be used as a first step in beam model acceptance for clinical use.« less

COED Transactions, Vol. XI, No. 3, March 1979. LSSP: An Educational Aid to the Study of Linear System Dynamics.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mitchell, Eugene E., Ed.

The study of the dynamics of physical systems is of importance to all engineering students. LSSP, a Linear System Simulation Program, is used to study the behavior of physical phenomena and systems which may be represented to a good degree of approximation by linear models. Emphasis is placed upon the unity resulting from the mathematical…

Insight of Teachers on Problems of Students in Acquiring Communicative Skill in English

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Singaravelu, G.; Paramasivam, M.

2016-01-01

The study examined the insight of English Teacher towards students of standard XI in acquiring communicative skill in English. The main objective of the paper was to identify the problems of the students in acquiring communicative skill in English. The Normative survey method was adopted in the study. One hundred teachers were considered as a…

Crystal Structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ECM4, a Xi-Class Glutathione Transferase that Reacts with Glutathionyl-(hydro)quinones

PubMed Central

Schwartz, Mathieu; Didierjean, Claude; Hecker, Arnaud; Girardet, Jean-Michel; Morel-Rouhier, Mélanie; Gelhaye, Eric; Favier, Frédérique

2016-01-01

Glutathionyl-hydroquinone reductases (GHRs) belong to the recently characterized Xi-class of glutathione transferases (GSTXs) according to unique structural properties and are present in all but animal kingdoms. The GHR ScECM4 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been studied since 1997 when it was found to be potentially involved in cell-wall biosynthesis. Up to now and in spite of biological studies made on this enzyme, its physiological role remains challenging. The work here reports its crystallographic study. In addition to exhibiting the general GSTX structural features, ScECM4 shows extensions including a huge loop which contributes to the quaternary assembly. These structural extensions are probably specific to Saccharomycetaceae. Soaking of ScECM4 crystals with GS-menadione results in a structure where glutathione forms a mixed disulfide bond with the cysteine 46. Solution studies confirm that ScECM4 has reductase activity for GS-menadione in presence of glutathione. Moreover, the high resolution structures allowed us to propose new roles of conserved residues of the active site to assist the cysteine 46 during the catalytic act. PMID:27736955

Positivity-preserving High Order Finite Difference WENO Schemes for Compressible Euler Equations

DTIC Science & Technology

2011-07-15

the WENO reconstruction. We assume that there is a polynomial vector qi(x) = (ρi(x), mi(x), Ei(x)) T with degree k which are (k + 1)-th order accurate...i+ 1 2 = qi(xi+ 1 2 ). The existence of such polynomials can be established by interpolation for WENO schemes. For example, for the fifth or- der...WENO scheme, there is a unique vector of polynomials of degree four qi(x) satisfying qi(xi− 1 2 ) = w+ i− 1 2 , qi(xi+ 1 2 ) = w− i+ 1 2 and 1 ∆x ∫ Ij qi

Final Environmental Impact Statement of the Proposed Ground Based Free Electron Laser Technology Integration Experiment, White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-01-01

opa-Hzxi •H a-H «XI B • a -H -HTI p • B P a • o a-H u s pap >i o aoo xi c BBP u • b • •« • -H a a a e c a...M -»•!•_•• SaSJS *2-3s ~b >D o a K-S? • • as -« 8 2 Sol? 9 a •■)-* ffa ) •< a a --) *J • m «a «*-*> «-) a

Air Traffic Control/Active Beacon Collision Avoidance System Knoxville Simulation.

DTIC Science & Technology

1980-05-01

I’s & AIRCRAFT 2’s POSITION VECTOR. ENTER (X1l,Y,Zl,,ZI,2) & (X2,Y2,Z2,X2,Y2,i2) As x = XI-X2 Y= Yl-Y2 VRX =Xi-X2 VRY = YI-Y2 MD2 -(4X*\\’RY - AY*vHJ...2 VRX 2 + vRy 2 M SQRT(MD2) YES MD> MDCM FILTER + OR - COMAND IF FITER VAVE TITRj-SITnLD PERFORMANCE LEATl. VALIE 3 o . U mi 5 3.0 1in t ;u~i:F-2

Effects of Fe-Oxide and Mg Layer Insertion on Tunneling Magnetoresistance Properties of CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lou, Yong-Le; Zhang, Yu-Ming; Guo, Hui; Xu, Da-Qing; Zhang, Yi-Men

2016-11-01

Not Available Supported by the National Defense Advance Research Foundation under Grant No 9140A08XXXXXX0DZ106, the Basic Research Program of Ministry of Education of China under Grant No JY10000925005, the Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department under Grant No 11JK0912, the Scientific Research Foundation of Xi'an University of Science and Technology under Grant No 2010011, and the Doctoral Research Startup Fund of Xi'an University of Science and Technology under Grant No 2010QDJ029.

United States - Japan Seminar on Quantum Mechanical Aspects of Quantum Electronics Held in Monterey, California on 21-24 July 1987,

DTIC Science & Technology

1987-10-01

motivations for the work are listed in slide 2. In particular, note that efforts to achieve Bose condensation in spin polarized hydrogen have been...10-11 GGQW -50 meV 4.8 x 10-13 1.9 x100 -35 meV 2.6 x 10-12 1.0 x 10-9 cf. QW (L.zW/ooA) AAp x*i4!er. Eou- loK ev~t X"’~7xiO"tesui S7 PS4 ~fd a 10 O

A Comparison of the Optimization and Analysis of Doubly Curved Shells Using MSC/NASTRAN and ASTROS

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-12-01

BMC(7,5)=I.OD+00 CALL BMAT (X1,RI,X2,R2,0.OD+00,B,DL) CALL EMAT(DNU,E,T,G) C C DO BMC*E*B C DO 100 J1=1,7 DO 100 J2=1,5 DO 100 J3=1,5 DO 100 J4=1,6...ELEMENT LENGTH. C SUBROUTINE BMAT (XI,RI,X2,R2,DKSI,B,DL) DOUBLE PRECISION XI,RI,X2,R2,DKSI,B(S,6),DL,R,PHI,CPR,SPR,R, &DKMDKP, DLINV C C EXPLANATION OF

Cognitive Content Engagement in Content-Based Language Teaching

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kong, Stella; Hoare, Philip

2011-01-01

This article reports a study of aspects of pedagogy that can bring about students' cognitive engagement with academic content and, thus, use of the academic language in content-based language lessons in three middle schools in Xi'an, China. Two criteria--academic content level and depth of processing--were used to determine cognitive content…

An Exploratory Study of Software Cost Estimating at the Electronic Systems Division.

DTIC Science & Technology

1976-07-01

action’. to improve the software cost Sestimating proces., While thin research was limited to the M.nD onvironment, the same types of problema may exist...Methods in Social Science. Now York: Random House, 1969. 57. Smith, Ronald L. Structured Programming Series (Vol. XI) - Estimating Software Project

Identification of proteinaceous material in the bone of the dinosaur Iguanodon.

PubMed

Embery, Graham; Milner, Angela C; Waddington, Rachel J; Hall, Rachel C; Langley, Martin S; Milan, Anna M

2003-01-01

This study has directed attention at the search for bone-related proteins in an extract of demineralized rib bone of the 120 mya Iguanodon. The inner compact bone was demineralized and the GuCl extract resolved into 11 fractions using anion exchange chromatography, which all contained silver-reactive proteins with various amino acid profiles. Two specific fractions, iv and xi, revealed characteristics typical of contemporary phosphoproteins and proteoglycans, respectively. Fraction iv, 43-57 kDa, contained a high ratio of aspartate and serine, although no phosphate was discernable. Fraction xi contained a band of 41-47 kDa and was rich in chondroitin sulphate and hyaluronan. In addition an early eluting fraction was immunoreactive with an antibody against osteocalcin. A cancellous bone fraction from the same bone sample was also analyzed using N-terminal sequencing and revealed potential similarities with cystatin. While we do not claim to have identified the presence of intact proteins, this study has value in demonstrating that extruded extracellular matrix is protected by its capacity to induce mineralization, which subsequently is important in conserving detectable protein products in ancient skeletal tissues.

Influence of tensor interactions on masses and decay widths of dibaryons

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Pang Hourong; Ping Jialun; Chen Lingzhi

The influence of gluon and Goldstone boson induced tensor interactions on the dibaryon masses and D-wave decay widths has been studied in the quark delocalization, color screening model. The effective S-D wave transition interactions induced by gluon and Goldstone boson exchanges decrease rapidly with increasing strangeness of the channel. The tensor contribution of K and {eta} mesons is negligible in this model. There is no six-quark state in the light flavor world studied so far that can become bound by means of these tensor interactions besides the deuteron. The partial D-wave decay widths of the IJ{sup p}=(1/2)2{sup +}N{omega} state tomore » spin 0 and 1 {lambda}{xi} final states are 12.0 and 21.9 keV, respectively. This is a very narrow dibaryon resonance that might be detectable in those production reactions with rich high strangeness particles through the reconstruction of the vertex mass of the decay product {lambda}{xi} by existing detectors at RHIC and COMPASS at CERN or at JHF in Japan and FAIR in Germany in the future.« less

A Study of Free-Piston Double-Diaphragm Drivers for Expansion Tubes. Report 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kendall, M. A.

1997-01-01

In recent years the free-piston double-diaphragm driver has been used to increase the performance of the XI pilot expansion tube to super-orbital test conditions. However, the actual performance of the double-diaphragm driver was found to be considerably less than ideal. An experimental study of the double-diaphragm driver was carried out on the XI facility over a range of conditions with the objective of determining the effect of. heat losses; and the non-ideal rupture of the 'light' secondary diaphragm on the driver performance. The disparity between the theoretical and measured performance envelope are highlighted. A viscous limit for the experiments vas established. Heat transfer behind the primary shock is shown to be the mechanism behind this limit Incident, reflected and transmitted shock trajectories for the secondary diaphragm were experimentally determined and compared with computed trajectories from a one-dimensional diaphragm inertia model. It was found that the diaphragm did influence the unsteady expansion. A good agreement between experimental and computed shock trajectories was obtained using a diaphragm inertia model assuming that the diaphragm mass became negligible 3 microns after shock impact.

SU-F-T-366: Dosimetric Parameters Enhancement of 120-Leaf Millennium MLC Using EGSnrc and IAEA Phase-Space Data

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Haddad, K; Alopoor, H

Purpose: Recently, the multileaf collimators (MLC) have become an important part of any LINAC collimation systems because they reduce the treatment planning time and improves the conformity. Important factors that affects the MLCs collimation performance are leaves material composition and their thickness. In this study, we investigate the main dosimetric parameters of 120-leaf Millennium MLC including dose in the buildup point, physical penumbra as well as average and end leaf leakages. Effects of the leaves geometry and density on these parameters are evaluated Methods: From EGSnrc Monte Carlo code, BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc modules are used to evaluate the dosimetric parametersmore » of a water phantom exposed to a Varian xi for 100cm SSD. Using IAEA phasespace data just above MLC (Z=46cm) and BEAMnrc, for the modified 120-leaf Millennium MLC a new phase space data at Z=52cm is produces. The MLC is modified both in leaf thickness and material composition. EGSgui code generates 521ICRU library for tungsten alloys. DOSXYZnrc with the new phase space evaluates the dose distribution in a water phantom of 60×60×20 cm3 with voxel size of 4×4×2 mm3. Using DOSXYZnrc dose distributions for open beam and closed beam as well as the leakages definition, end leakage, average leakage and physical penumbra are evaluated. Results: A new MLC with improved dosimetric parameters is proposed. The physical penumbra for proposed MLC is 4.7mm compared to 5.16 mm for Millennium. Average leakage in our design is reduced to 1.16% compared to 1.73% for Millennium, the end leaf leakage suggested design is also reduced to 4.86% compared to 7.26% of Millennium. Conclusion: The results show that the proposed MLC with enhanced dosimetric parameters could improve the conformity of treatment planning.« less

The construction of combinatorial manifolds with prescribed sets of links of vertices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gaifullin, A. A.

2008-10-01

To every oriented closed combinatorial manifold we assign the set (with repetitions) of isomorphism classes of links of its vertices. The resulting transformation \\mathcal{L} is the main object of study in this paper. We pose an inversion problem for \\mathcal{L} and show that this problem is closely related to Steenrod's problem on the realization of cycles and to the Rokhlin-Schwartz-Thom construction of combinatorial Pontryagin classes. We obtain a necessary condition for a set of isomorphism classes of combinatorial spheres to belong to the image of \\mathcal{L}. (Sets satisfying this condition are said to be balanced.) We give an explicit construction showing that every balanced set of isomorphism classes of combinatorial spheres falls into the image of \\mathcal{L} after passing to a multiple set and adding several pairs of the form (Z,-Z), where -Z is the sphere Z with the orientation reversed. Given any singular simplicial cycle \\xi of a space X, this construction enables us to find explicitly a combinatorial manifold M and a map \\varphi\\colon M\\to X such that \\varphi_* \\lbrack M \\rbrack =r[\\xi] for some positive integer r. The construction is based on resolving singularities of \\xi. We give applications of the main construction to cobordisms of manifolds with singularities and cobordisms of simple cells. In particular, we prove that every rational additive invariant of cobordisms of manifolds with singularities admits a local formula. Another application is the construction of explicit (though inefficient) local combinatorial formulae for polynomials in the rational Pontryagin classes of combinatorial manifolds.

Characteristics of bacterial and fungal aerosols during the autumn haze days in Xi'an, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Yanpeng; Fu, Honglei; Wang, Wei; Liu, Jun; Meng, Qinglong; Wang, Wenke

2015-12-01

In recent years, haze pollution has become one of the most critical environmental issues in Xi'an, China, with particular matter (PM) being one of the top pollutants. As an important fraction of PM, bioaerosols may have adverse effects on air quality and human health. In this study, to better understand the characteristics of such biological aerosols, airborne microbial samples were collected by using an Andersen six-stage sampler in Xi'an from October 8th to 22nd, 2014. The concentration, size distribution and genera of airborne viable bacteria and fungi were comparably investigated during the haze days and non-haze days. Correlations of bioaerosol levels with meteorological parameters and PM concentrations were also examined. The results showed that the daily average concentrations of airborne viable bacteria and fungi during the haze days, 1102.4-1736.5 and 1466.2-1703.9 CFU/m3, respectively, were not only much higher than those during the non-haze days, but also exceeded the recommended permissible limit values. Comparing to size distributions during the non-haze days, slightly different patterns for bacterial aerosols and similar single-peak distribution pattern for fungal aerosols were observed during the haze days. Moreover, more allergic and infectious genera (e.g. Neisseria, Aspergillus, and Paecilomyces) in bioaerosols were identified during the haze days than during non-haze days. The present results reveal that bioaerosols may have more significant effects on public health and urban air quality during the haze days than during non-haze days.

Process analysis of characteristics of the boundary layer during a heavy haze pollution episode in an inland megacity, China.

PubMed

Wang, Shan; Liao, Tingting; Wang, Lili; Sun, Yang

2016-02-01

Ground observation data from 8 meteorological stations in Xi'an, air mass concentration data from 13 environmental quality monitoring sites in Xi'an, as well as radiosonde observation and wind profile radar data, were used in this study. Thereby, the process, causes and boundary layer meteorological characteristics of a heavy haze episode occurring from 16 to 25 December 2013 in Xi'an were analyzed. Principal component analysis showed that this haze pollution was mainly caused by the high-intensity emission and formation of gaseous pollutants (NO2, CO and SO2) and atmospheric particles (PM2.5 (fine particles) and PM10 (respirable suspended particle). The second cause was the relative humidity and continuous low temperature. The third cause was the allocation of the surface pressure field. The presence of a near-surface temperature inversion at the boundary layer formed favorable stratification conditions for the formation and maintenance of heavy haze pollution. The persistent thick haze layer weakened the solar radiation. Meanwhile, a warming effect in the urban canopy layer and in the transition zone from the urban friction sublayer to the urban canopy was indicated. All these conditions facilitated the maintenance and reinforcement of temperature inversion. The stable atmospheric stratification finally acted on the wind field in the boundary layer, and further weakened the exchange capacity of vertical turbulence. The superposition of a wind field with the horizontal gentle wind induced the typical air stagnation and finally caused the deterioration of air quality during this haze event. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Failure of a new protocol to improve treatment results in paediatric lymphoblastic leukaemia: lessons from the UK Medical Research Council trials UKALL X and UKALL XI.

PubMed

Chessells, Judith M; Harrison, Georgina; Richards, Susan M; Gibson, Brenda E; Bailey, Clifford C; Hill, Frank G H; Hann, Ian M

2002-08-01

The impact of various types of intensification therapy was examined in a cohort of 3617 children aged 1-14 years with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) enrolled in the Medical Research Council (MRC) UKALL X (1985-90) and UKALL XI (1990-97) trials. UKALL XI was modified in 1992 to incorporate the "best arm" of UKALL X with two 5-d intensification blocks at 5 and 20 weeks, and an additional randomization in respect of a third intensification at 35 weeks but omission of two consecutive injections of daunorubicin during induction. All children were eligible for randomization irrespective of risk group. The impact of the various types of intensification therapy was examined in a stratified analysis. At a median follow up of 102 months, both trials had an identical event-free survival of 61% (95% CI 58-63%) at 8 years. Survival at 8 years in UKALL XI was significantly better in than in UKALL X, 81% (79-83%) compared with 74% (72-76%) (P = < 0.001), owing to improved management of relapse. There was a highly significant trend in reduction of the number of relapses and deaths with increased intensity of therapy both for children with initial leucocyte count < 50 x 10(9)/l (P = < 0.001) and > or = 50 x 10(9)/l (P = 0.002). Introduction of a third late intensification block compensated for omission of anthracyclines during induction but produced little additional benefit. These results show, in a large cohort of patients, that minor modifications of therapy may influence relapse rate and obviate the benefit of previous randomized trials. The failure to adapt treatment for higher risk children contributed to these disappointing results.

Microscale spatial distribution and health assessment of PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at nine communities in Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Xu, Hongmei; Ho, Steven Sai Hang; Gao, Meiling; Cao, Junji; Guinot, Benjamin; Ho, Kin Fai; Long, Xin; Wang, Jingzhi; Shen, Zhenxing; Liu, Suixin; Zheng, Chunli; Zhang, Qian

2016-11-01

Spatial variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) was investigated in Xi'an, China, in summer of 2013. Sixteen priority PAHs were quantified in 24-h integrated air samples collected simultaneously at nine urban and suburban communities. The total quantified PAHs mass concentrations ranged from 32.4 to 104.7 ng m -3 , with an average value of 57.1 ± 23.0 ng m -3 . PAHs were observed higher concentrations at suburban communities (average: 86.3 ng m -3 ) than at urban ones (average: 48.8 ng m -3 ) due to a better enforcement of the pollution control policies at the urban scale, and meanwhile the disorganized management of motor vehicles and massive building constructions in the suburbs. Elevated PAH levels were observed in the industrialized regions (west and northwest of Xi'an) from Kriging interpolation analysis. Satellite-based visual interpretations of land use were also applied for the supporting the spatial distribution of PAHs among the communities. The average benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent toxicity (Σ[BaP] eq ) at the nine communities was 6.9 ± 2.2 ng m -3 during the sampling period, showing a generally similar spatial distribution to PAHs levels. On average, the excess inhalation lifetime cancer risk derived from Σ[BaP] eq indicated that eight persons per million of community residents would develop cancer due to PM 2.5 -bound PAHs exposure in Xi'an. The great in-city spatial variability of PAHs confirmed the importance of multiple points sampling to conduct exposure health risk assessment. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Accumulation degree and source apportionment of trace metals in smaller than 63 μm road dust from the areas with different land uses: A case study of Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Shi, Dongqi; Lu, Xinwei

2018-09-15

Finer urban dusts have more serious environmental detriment and health risk than coarser urban dusts. The trace metals Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, Co, Ba, Mn, Ni, V, Y, Rb, Ga, Hf, and Zr were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry in smaller than 63 μm road dust collected from the areas with different land use types and human activities in Xi'an city. The purposes of this study were to reveal the impact of human activities on the environment through element enrichment factor, and to determine the sources of trace metals measured by multivariate statistical analysis and multiple liner regression of absolute principal component scores. The results indicated that the smaller than 63 μm road dust in Xi'an, in comparison to the element background value of local soil, had higher Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Y, Hf and Zr concentrations. Trace metals had different variations in the dusts, while the anthropogenic trace metals had no significant difference in the four areas owing to the wide existing of human activities. The accumulation level of Pb was the highest, followed by Cr, Cu and Zn, and then was Hf and Zr, while the other trace metals were deficient or deficient to minimal enrichment in the finer road dust. Source analysis results indicated that Co, Ga, Mn, Ni, V, Rb and Y mainly originated from natural source, which accounted about 57%-87% for these metals' concentration. Ba, Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn primarily derived from traffic source, which contributed approximately 59%-79% to these metals' content. Hf and Zr were mainly from construction source, which contributed 74.6% to Hf concentration and 78.2% to Zr concentration. The study indicated that traffic and construction activities had a predominant influence on local environment. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Study of B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{lambda}{sub c} and B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{lambda}{sub c}K

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cheng, H.-Y.; Hsiao, Y.-K.; Chua, C.-K.

2009-06-01

We study the doubly charmful two-body and three-body baryonic B decays B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -} and B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -}K. As pointed out before, a naive estimate of the branching ratio O(10{sup -8}) for the latter decay is too small by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude compared to experiment. Previously, it has been shown that a large enhancement for the {lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -}K production can occur due to a charmoniumlike resonance (e.g. X(4630) discovered by Belle) with a mass near the {lambda}{sub c}{lambda}{sub c} threshold. Motivated by the BABAR's observation of a resonance in themore » {lambda}{sub c}K system with a mass of order 2930 MeV, we study in this work the contribution to B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -}K from the intermediate state {xi}{sub c}(2980) which is postulated to be a first positive-parity excited D-wave charmed baryon state. Assuming that a soft qq quark pair is produced through the {sigma} and {pi} meson exchanges in the configuration for B{yields}{xi}{sub c}(2980){lambda}{sub c} and {lambda}{sub c}{lambda}{sub c}, it is found that branching ratios of B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -}K and B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -} are of order 3.5x10{sup -4} and 5x10{sup -5}, respectively, in agreement with experiment except that the prediction for the {lambda}{sub c}{lambda}{sub c}K{sup -} is slightly smaller. In conjunction with our previous analysis, we conclude that the enormously large rate of B{yields}{lambda}{sub c}{sup +}{lambda}{sub c}{sup -}K arises from the resonances {xi}{sub c}(2980) and X(4630)« less

Photon-Z mixing the Weinberg-Salam model: Effective charges and the a = -3 gauge

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Baulieu, L.; Coquereaux, R.

1982-04-15

We study some properties of the Weinberg-Salam model connected with the photon-Z mixing. We solve the linear Dyson-Schwinger equations between full and 1PI boson propagators. The task is made easier, by the two-point function Ward identities that we derive to all orders and in any gauge. Some aspects of the renormalization of the model are also discussed. We display the exact mass-dependent one-loop two-point functions involving the photon and Z field in any linear xi-gauge. The special gauge a = xi/sup -1/ = -3 is shown to play a peculiar role. In this gauge, the Z field is multiplicatively renormalizablemore » (at the one-loop level), and one can construct both electric and weak effective charges of the theory from the photon and Z propagators, with a very simple expression similar to that of the QED Petermann, Stueckelberg, Gell-Mann and Low charge.« less

Prevalence and Correlates of School Bullying Victimization in Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Zhu, Yuhong; Chan, Ko Ling

2015-01-01

This study used the data from a representative sample to estimate the prevalence of child bullying victimization in Xi'an, China. Data on social demographic information and the experiences of different types of bullying victimization were collected from a randomly selected sample with 3,175 middle school students aged 15-17 years by self-administrated questionnaires. t Test, χ2 test, and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to test group differences and examine the correlates of bullying victimization. Results show that 54.9% and 44.6% of Chinese children have been bullied in a lifetime and in the preceding year, respectively. Correlates for direct and relational bullying victimization includes male participants, father's lower education level, father's unemployment, having one or more siblings, smoking, depression, borderline personality trait, posttraumatic stress disorder, and from rural schools. Overall, the prevalence of child bullying victimization in China is substantial. The multiple correlates suggest prevention and intervention of bullying victimization in a holistic and comprehensive way.

Application of life cycle assessment for an evaluation of wastewater treatment and reuse project--case study of Xi'an, China.

PubMed

Zhang, Q H; Wang, X C; Xiong, J Q; Chen, R; Cao, B

2010-03-01

In order to illuminate the benefit of a wastewater treatment and reuse project, a life cycle assessment (LCA) model was proposed by combining the process-based LCA and the input-output based LCA in one framework and using energy consumption as the sole parameter for quantitative evaluation of the project. The life cycle consumption was evaluated mainly by life cycle inventory (LCI) analysis taking into account the construction phase, operation phase and demolishment phase of the project. For evaluating the life cycle benefit of treated water reuse, attention was paid to the decrease of secondary effluent discharge and water saving. As a result of comprehensive LCA analysis of a case project in Xi'an, China, it was understood that the life cycle benefit gained from treated wastewater reuse much surpassed the life cycle energy consumption. The advantage of wastewater treatment and reuse was well shown by LCA analysis using the proposed model. 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The cluster-cluster correlation function. [of galaxies

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Postman, M.; Geller, M. J.; Huchra, J. P.

1986-01-01

The clustering properties of the Abell and Zwicky cluster catalogs are studied using the two-point angular and spatial correlation functions. The catalogs are divided into eight subsamples to determine the dependence of the correlation function on distance, richness, and the method of cluster identification. It is found that the Corona Borealis supercluster contributes significant power to the spatial correlation function to the Abell cluster sample with distance class of four or less. The distance-limited catalog of 152 Abell clusters, which is not greatly affected by a single system, has a spatial correlation function consistent with the power law Xi(r) = 300r exp -1.8. In both the distance class four or less and distance-limited samples the signal in the spatial correlation function is a power law detectable out to 60/h Mpc. The amplitude of Xi(r) for clusters of richness class two is about three times that for richness class one clusters. The two-point spatial correlation function is sensitive to the use of estimated redshifts.

Summary of: radiation protection in dental X-ray surgeries--still rooms for improvement.

PubMed

Walker, Anne

2013-03-01

To illustrate the authors' experience in the provision of radiation protection adviser (RPA)/medical physics expert (MPE) services and critical examination/radiation quality assurance (QA) testing, to demonstrate any continuing variability of the compliance of X-ray sets with existing guidance and of compliance of dental practices with existing legislation. Data was collected from a series of critical examination and routine three-yearly radiation QA tests on 915 intra-oral X-ray sets and 124 panoramic sets. Data are the result of direct measurements on the sets, made using a traceably calibrated Unfors Xi meter. The testing covered the measurement of peak kilovoltage (kVp); filtration; timer accuracy and consistency; X-ray beam size; and radiation output, measured as the entrance surface dose in milliGray (mGy) for intra-oral sets and dose-area product (DAP), measured in mGy.cm(2) for panoramic sets. Physical checks, including mechanical stability, were also included as part of the testing process. The Health and Safety Executive has expressed concern about the poor standards of compliance with the regulations during inspections at dental practices. Thirty-five percent of intra-oral sets exceeded the UK adult diagnostic reference level on at least one setting, as did 61% of those with child dose settings. There is a clear advantage of digital radiography and rectangular collimation in dose terms, with the mean dose from digital sets 59% that of film-based sets and a rectangular collimator 76% that of circular collimators. The data shows the unrealised potential for dose saving in many digital sets and also marked differences in dose between sets. Provision of radiation protection advice to over 150 general dental practitioners raised a number of issues on the design of surgeries with X-ray equipment and critical examination testing. There is also considerable variation in advice given on the need (or lack of need) for room shielding. Where no radiation protection adviser (RPA) or medical physics expert (MPE) appointment has been made, there is often a very low level of compliance with legislative requirements. The active involvement of an RPA/MPE and continuing education on radiation protection issues has the potential to reduce radiation doses significantly further in many dental practices.

Radiation protection in dental X-ray surgeries--still rooms for improvement.

PubMed

Hart, G; Dugdale, M

2013-03-01

To illustrate the authors' experience in the provision of radiation protection adviser (RPA)/medical physics expert (MPE) services and critical examination/radiation quality assurance (QA) testing, to demonstrate any continuing variability of the compliance of X-ray sets with existing guidance and of compliance of dental practices with existing legislation. Data was collected from a series of critical examination and routine three-yearly radiation QA tests on 915 intra-oral X-ray sets and 124 panoramic sets. Data are the result of direct measurements on the sets, made using a traceably calibrated Unfors Xi meter. The testing covered the measurement of peak kilovoltage (kVp); filtration; timer accuracy and consistency; X-ray beam size; and radiation output, measured as the entrance surface dose in milliGray (mGy) for intra-oral sets and dose-area product (DAP), measured in mGy.cm(2) for panoramic sets. Physical checks, including mechanical stability, were also included as part of the testing process. The Health and Safety Executive has expressed concern about the poor standards of compliance with the regulations during inspections at dental practices. Thirty-five percent of intra-oral sets exceeded the UK adult diagnostic reference level on at least one setting, as did 61% of those with child dose settings. There is a clear advantage of digital radiography and rectangular collimation in dose terms, with the mean dose from digital sets 59% that of film-based sets and a rectangular collimator 76% that of circular collimators. The data shows the unrealised potential for dose saving in many digital sets and also marked differences in dose between sets. Provision of radiation protection advice to over 150 general dental practitioners raised a number of issues on the design of surgeries with X-ray equipment and critical examination testing. There is also considerable variation in advice given on the need (or lack of need) for room shielding. Where no radiation protection adviser (RPA) or medical physics expert (MPE) appointment has been made, there is often a very low level of compliance with legislative requirements. The active involvement of an RPA/MPE and continuing education on radiation protection issues has the potential to reduce radiation doses significantly further in many dental practices.

JiaZhang Dui ErTong FaZhan TongBan GuanXi De ZuoYong (The Role of Parents in the Development of Peer Group Competence). ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Shirley G.

Among studies that have examined the relationship between parenting styles and children's development of social skills, the research of Diana Baumrind is noteworthy. In several studies, she has identified authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative parenting styles, which differ on the dimensions of nurturance and parental control. Authoritarian…

Proceedings of the 1990 Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication (73rd, Minneapolis, Minnesota, August 1-4, 1990). Part XI: Miscellaneous Studies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication.

The miscellaneous studies section of the proceedings includes the following 14 papers: "The News Shapers" (Lawrence C. Soley); "Journalism and Mass Communication Journal Reviewers: Their Standards and Perceived Roles in the Research Process" (Stanley T. Wearden and Fred F. Endres); "Celebrity Advertising: Perception,…

Consensus Report of the XI Congress of the Spanish Society of Odontology for the Handicapped and Special Patients

PubMed Central

Cabrerizo-Merino, Carmen; Cutando-Soriano, Antonio; Giménez-Prats, María J.; Silvestre-Donat, Farncisco J.; Tomás-Carmona, Inmaculada

2014-01-01

This article summarizes the findings of consensus of the XI congress of the SEOEME. All of these conclusions are referring to the review articles responsible to the general rapporteurs in order to bringing up to date knowledge with regard to the use of implants in patients medically compromised and with special needs and, in the dental management of autism and cerebral palsy, in the dental treatment of patients with genetic and adquired haematological disorders, the dental implications of cardiovascular disease and hospital dentistry. Key words:Autism, cardiovascular diseases, cerebral palsy, dental implants, disabled patients, haematological disorders, hospital dentistry. PMID:24608224

The Pioneer XI high field fluxgate magnetometer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Acuna, M. A.; Ness, N. F.

1975-01-01

The high field fluxgate magnetometer experiment flown aboard the Pioneer XI spacecraft is described. This extremely simple instrument was used to extend the spacecraft's upper-limit measurement capability by approximately an order of magnitude (from 0.14 mT to 1.00 mT) with minimum power and volume requirements. This magnetometer was designed to complement the low-field measurements provided by a helium vector magnetometer and utilizes magnetic ring core sensors with biaxial orthogonal sense coils. The instrument is a single-range, triaxial-fluxgate magnetometer capable of measuring fields of up to 1 mT along each orthogonal axis, with a maximum resolution of 1 microT.

Analysis of magnesium XI line profiles from solar active regions

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Blake, R. L.; Cowan, R. D.; Felthauser, H.; Fenimore, E. E.; Hockaday, M. P.; Bely-Dubau, F.; Faucher, P.; Steenman-Clark, L.

1984-01-01

High-resolution solar spectra of the Mg XI 1s2 1S0-1s2p 1P1 resonance line at 9.169 A and the associated nearby satellite lines obtained from two rocket-borne crystal spectrometer measurements are presented. Comparisons with two independent sets of theoretical calculations for the 1s2nl-1s2pnl dielectronic satellite lines with n = 3-7 indicate electron temperatures of 4-4.5 million K. Measured line widths indicate either that the ion temperature exceeds the electron temperature by about a million K or that about 28 km/s of turbulence is present.

[ORGANIZATION OF THE QUALITY CONTROL OF PLACEMENT AND ACCOMMODATION OF PARTICIPANTS ATTENDANTS AND GUESTS OF THE XXII OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES AND XI PARALYMPIC WINTER GAMES OF 2014 IN THE RESORT CITY OF SOCHI].

PubMed

Gorskiĭ, A A; Gus'kov, A S; Pochtareva, E S; Klindukhov, V P; Nikolaevich, P N; Grechanaia, T V; Vechemyaia, E A; Biriukov, V A; Bozhko, I I; Kulichenko, A N; Taran, T V; Zaĭtsev, A A; Tushina, O V

2015-01-01

There is presented the analysis of activities of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights protection and Human Welfare to ensure adequate conditions of accommodation of the participants, attendants and guests of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in the Resort city of Sochi according to regulated requirements. There were detected ways of the strengthening the supervision for the quality of the accommodation during mass sports activities for the assurance of the rights for consumers.

BJUT at TREC 2014 Temporal Summarization Track

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-11-01

information retrieval, indexing and relevancy rankings. In VSM, sentences and queries are represented as vectors: 1, 2, ,( , ,..., ) j j j t jd w w w...di = (w1, j , w2, j , · · · , wt, j ) (1) Each dimension corresponds to a separate term. If a t - m occurs in the sentence, its value in the vector is non...by the cost function Σi|I(Xi)− ∑ j WijI(Xi;Xj)|2 (5) Table 1: Experimental Result. EG C F Q0 Q1 AVG Q0 Q1 AVG Q0 Q1 AVG Topic 11 0.0504 0.0396 0.0358

Constitutive expression of the xylanase inhibitor TAXI-III delays Fusarium head blight symptoms in durum wheat transgenic plants.

PubMed

Moscetti, Ilaria; Tundo, Silvio; Janni, Michela; Sella, Luca; Gazzetti, Katia; Tauzin, Alexandra; Giardina, Thierry; Masci, Stefania; Favaron, Francesco; D'Ovidio, Renato

2013-12-01

Cereals contain xylanase inhibitor (XI) proteins which inhibit microbial xylanases and are considered part of the defense mechanisms to counteract microbial pathogens. Nevertheless, in planta evidence for this role has not been reported yet. Therefore, we produced a number of transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing TAXI-III, a member of the TAXI type XI that is induced by pathogen infection. Results showed that TAXI-III endows the transgenic wheat with new inhibition capacities. We also showed that TAXI-III is correctly secreted into the apoplast and possesses the expected inhibition parameters against microbial xylanases. The new inhibition properties of the transgenic plants correlate with a significant delay of Fusarium head blight disease symptoms caused by Fusarium graminearum but do not significantly influence leaf spot symptoms caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana. We showed that this contrasting result can be due to the different capacity of TAXI-III to inhibit the xylanase activity of these two fungal pathogens. These results provide, for the first time, clear evidence in planta that XI are involved in plant defense against fungal pathogens and show the potential to manipulate TAXI-III accumulation to improve wheat resistance against F. graminearum.

Documentation of program AFTBDY to generate coordinate system for 3D after body using body fitted curvilinear coordinates, part 1

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kumar, D.

1980-01-01

The computer program AFTBDY generates a body fitted curvilinear coordinate system for a wedge curved after body. This wedge curved after body is being used in an experimental program. The coordinate system generated by AFTBDY is used to solve 3D compressible N.S. equations. The coordinate system in the physical plane is a cartesian x,y,z system, whereas, in the transformed plane a rectangular xi, eta, zeta system is used. The coordinate system generated is such that in the transformed plane coordinate spacing in the xi, eta, zeta direction is constant and equal to unity. The physical plane coordinate lines in the different regions are clustered heavily or sparsely depending on the regions where physical quantities to be solved for by the N.S. equations have high or low gradients. The coordinate distribution in the physical plane is such that x stays constant in eta and zeta direction, whereas, z stays constant in xi and eta direction. The desired distribution in x and z is input to the program. Consequently, only the y-coordinate is solved for by the program AFTBDY.

Technical Letter Report Development of Flaw Size Distribution Tables Including Effects of Flaw Depth Sizing Errors for Draft 10CFR 50.61a (Alternate PTS Rule) JCN-N6398, Task 4

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Simonen, Fredric A.; Gosselin, Stephen R.; Doctor, Steven R.

2013-04-22

This document describes a new method to determine whether the flaws in a particular reactor pressure vessel are consistent with the assumptions regarding the number and sizes of flaws used in the analyses that formed the technical justification basis for the new voluntary alternative Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) rule (Draft 10 CFR 50.61a). The new methodology addresses concerns regarding prior methodology because ASME Code Section XI examinations do not detect all fabrication flaws, they have higher detection performance for some flaw types, and there are flaw sizing errors always present (e.g., significant oversizing of small flaws and systematic under sizingmore » of larger flaws). The new methodology allows direct comparison of ASME Code Section XI examination results with values in the PTS draft rule Tables 2 and 3 in order to determine if the number and sizes of flaws detected by an ASME Code Section XI examination are consistent with those assumed in the probabilistic fracture mechanics calculations performed in support of the development of 10 CFR 50.61a.« less

Students’ Mathematical Problem-Solving Abilities Through The Application of Learning Models Problem Based Learning

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nasution, M. L.; Yerizon, Y.; Gusmiyanti, R.

2018-04-01

One of the purpose mathematic learning is to develop problem solving abilities. Problem solving is obtained through experience in questioning non-routine. Improving students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities required an appropriate strategy in learning activities one of them is models problem based learning (PBL). Thus, the purpose of this research is to determine whether the problem solving abilities of mathematical students’ who learn to use PBL better than on the ability of students’ mathematical problem solving by applying conventional learning. This research included quasi experiment with static group design and population is students class XI MIA SMAN 1 Lubuk Alung. Class experiment in the class XI MIA 5 and class control in the class XI MIA 6. The instrument of final test students’ mathematical problem solving used essay form. The result of data final test in analyzed with t-test. The result is students’ mathematical problem solving abilities with PBL better then on the ability of students’ mathematical problem solving by applying conventional learning. It’s seen from the high percentage achieved by the group of students who learn to use PBL for each indicator of students’ mathematical problem solving.

National Training Course. Emergency Medical Technician. Paramedic. Instructor's Lesson Plans. Module XI. Obstetric/Gynecologic Emergencies.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (DOT), Washington, DC.

This instructor's lesson plan guide on obstetric/gynecologic emergencies is one of fifteen modules designed for use in the training of emergency medical technicians (paramedics). Six units of study are presented: (1) anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system; (2) patient assessment; (3) pathophysiology and management of gynecologic…

Instructional Materials in Manufacturing for Junior High School Industrial Arts. Final Report and Parts I-IV.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus.

This Title XI Institute was designed and conducted to introduce the participants to inquiry and invention taking place in industrial arts curriculum across the United States. The institute participated in the inquiry stage through advanced study of manufacturing technology and industrial arts curriculum, and in the invention stage through the…

Aspects of Performance on Line Graph Description Tasks: Influenced by Graph Familiarity and Different Task Features

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xi, Xiaoming

2010-01-01

Motivated by cognitive theories of graph comprehension, this study systematically manipulated characteristics of a line graph description task in a speaking test in ways to mitigate the influence of graph familiarity, a potential source of construct-irrelevant variance. It extends Xi (2005), which found that the differences in holistic scores on…

Military Curricula for Vocational & Technical Education. Veterinary Specialist, Blocks VII-XI, 1-4.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ohio State Univ., Columbus. National Center for Research in Vocational Education.

These instructor materials and student texts, study guides, and workbooks for a postsecondary-level course to train veterinary specialists are one of a number of military-developed curriculum packages selected for adaptation to vocational instruction and curriculum development in a civilian setting. It is the second half of a two-part course (see…

Dosimetric study of uniform scanning proton therapy planning for prostate cancer patients with a metal hip prosthesis, and comparison with volumetric‐modulated arc therapy

PubMed Central

Cheng, ChihYao; Zheng, Yuanshui; Hsi, Wen; Zeidan, Omar; Schreuder, Niek; Vargas, Carlos; Larson, Gary

2014-01-01

The main purposes of this study were to 1) investigate the dosimetric quality of uniform scanning proton therapy planning (USPT) for prostate cancer patients with a metal hip prosthesis, and 2) compare the dosimetric results of USPT with that of volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Proton plans for prostate cancer (four cases) were generated in XiO treatment planning system (TPS). The beam arrangement in each proton plan consisted of three fields (two oblique fields and one lateral or slightly angled field), and the proton beams passing through a metal hip prosthesis was avoided. Dose calculations in proton plans were performed using the pencil beam algorithm. From each proton plan, planning target volume (PTV) coverage value (i.e., relative volume of the PTV receiving the prescription dose of 79.2 CGE) was recorded. The VMAT prostate planning was done using two arcs in the Eclipse TPS utilizing 6 MV X‐rays, and beam entrance through metallic hip prosthesis was avoided. Dose computation in the VMAT plans was done using anisotropic analytical algorithm, and calculated VMAT plans were then normalized such that the PTV coverage in the VMAT plan was the same as in the proton plan of the corresponding case. The dose‐volume histograms of calculated treatment plans were used to evaluate the dosimetric quality of USPT and VMAT. In comparison to the proton plans, on average, the maximum and mean doses to the PTV were higher in the VMAT plans by 1.4% and 0.5%, respectively, whereas the minimum PTV dose was lower in the VMAT plans by 3.4%. The proton plans had lower (or better) average homogeneity index (HI) of 0.03 compared to the one for VMAT (HI = 0.04). The relative rectal volume exposed to radiation was lower in the proton plan, with an average absolute difference ranging from 0.1% to 32.6%. In contrast, using proton planning, the relative bladder volume exposed to radiation was higher at high‐dose region with an average absolute difference ranging from 0.4% to 0.8%, and lower at low‐ and medium‐dose regions with an average absolute difference ranging from 2.7% to 10.1%. The average mean dose to the rectum and bladder was lower in the proton plans by 45.1% and 22.0%, respectively, whereas the mean dose to femoral head was lower in VMAT plans by an average difference of 79.6%. In comparison to the VMAT, the proton planning produced lower equivalent uniform dose (EUD) for the rectum (43.7 CGE vs. 51.4 Gy) and higher EUD for the femoral head (16.7 CGE vs. 9.5 Gy), whereas both the VMAT and proton planning produced comparable EUDs for the prostate tumor (76.2 CGE vs. 76.8 Gy) and bladder (50.3 CGE vs. 51.1 Gy). The results presented in this study show that the combination of lateral and oblique fields in USPT planning could potentially provide dosimetric advantage over the VMAT for prostate cancer involving a metallic hip prosthesis. PACS number: 87.55.D‐, 87.55.ne, 87.55.dk PMID:24892333

Traditionally used medicinal plants against uncomplicated urinary tract infections: Are unusual, flavan-4-ol- and derhamnosylmaysin derivatives responsible for the antiadhesive activity of extracts obtained from stigmata of Zea mays L. against uropathogenic E. coli and Benzethonium chloride as frequent contaminant faking potential antibacterial activities?

PubMed

Rafsanjany, Nasli; Sendker, Jandirk; Lechtenberg, Matthias; Petereit, Frank; Scharf, Birte; Hensel, Andreas

2015-09-01

The dried stigmata from Zea mays L. are used traditionally for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections. A recent screening has indicated that hydroalcoholic extract of the herbal material inhibits the adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) to T24 bladder cells. For verification of these data EtOH-water (1:1) extracts from 4 different batches of Maydis stigmata were investigated. Within an in vitro adhesion assay (UPEC strain 2980 and human T24 bladder cells) a dose-dependent antiadhesive activity against UPEC was verified (IC50 1040μg/mL). Bioassay guided fractionation of M. stigmata, batch S1, by EtOH-water extraction, followed by chromatography on Sephadex LH20 revealed two active fractions (I and XI). Further purification of fraction I and structure elucidation of the isolated compound revealed the presence of significant amounts of the biocide benzethonium chloride as contaminant. Benzethonium chloride was also identified in subsequent investigations in 2 different batches of M. stigmata. The presence of such nondeclared and illegal contaminants in the herbal raw material market has to be discussed intensively. From benzethonium-free raw material (batch S2) as well as from batch S1 fraction XI was further fractionated by MPLC and preparative HPLC, leading to a still complex subfraction XIG, which was analyzed by UHPLC/+ESI-QTOF-MS analysis. Advanced data processing and species-metabolite relationship database revealed the tentatively existence of the unusual C-glycosidic flavones derhamnosylmaysin (6), 3'-deoxyrhamnosylmaysin (4), 3'-O-methylderhamnosylmaysin (3), apiferol (2) and alternanthin (8) which might be related to the antiadhesive activity of this subfraction against UPEC. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Extending molecular simulation time scales: Parallel in time integrations for high-level quantum chemistry and complex force representations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bylaska, Eric J.; Weare, Jonathan Q.; Weare, John H.

2013-08-21

Parallel in time simulation algorithms are presented and applied to conventional molecular dynamics (MD) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) models of realistic complexity. Assuming that a forward time integrator, f , (e.g. Verlet algorithm) is available to propagate the system from time ti (trajectory positions and velocities xi = (ri; vi)) to time ti+1 (xi+1) by xi+1 = fi(xi), the dynamics problem spanning an interval from t0 : : : tM can be transformed into a root finding problem, F(X) = [xi - f (x(i-1)]i=1;M = 0, for the trajectory variables. The root finding problem is solved using amore » variety of optimization techniques, including quasi-Newton and preconditioned quasi-Newton optimization schemes that are all unconditionally convergent. The algorithms are parallelized by assigning a processor to each time-step entry in the columns of F(X). The relation of this approach to other recently proposed parallel in time methods is discussed and the effectiveness of various approaches to solving the root finding problem are tested. We demonstrate that more efficient dynamical models based on simplified interactions or coarsening time-steps provide preconditioners for the root finding problem. However, for MD and AIMD simulations such preconditioners are not required to obtain reasonable convergence and their cost must be considered in the performance of the algorithm. The parallel in time algorithms developed are tested by applying them to MD and AIMD simulations of size and complexity similar to those encountered in present day applications. These include a 1000 Si atom MD simulation using Stillinger-Weber potentials, and a HCl+4H2O AIMD simulation at the MP2 level. The maximum speedup obtained by parallelizing the Stillinger-Weber MD simulation was nearly 3.0. For the AIMD MP2 simulations the algorithms achieved speedups of up to 14.3. The parallel in time algorithms can be implemented in a distributed computing environment using very slow TCP/IP networks. Scripts written in Python that make calls to a precompiled quantum chemistry package (NWChem) are demonstrated to provide an actual speedup of 8.2 for a 2.5 ps AIMD simulation of HCl+4H2O at the MP2/6-31G* level. Implemented in this way these algorithms can be used for long time high-level AIMD simulations at a modest cost using machines connected by very slow networks such as WiFi, or in different time zones connected by the Internet. The algorithms can also be used with programs that are already parallel. By using these algorithms we are able to reduce the cost of a MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) simulation that had reached its maximum possible speedup in the parallelization of the electronic structure calculation from 32 seconds per time step to 6.9 seconds per time step.« less

SU-F-J-203: Retrospective Assessment of Delivered Proton Dose in Prostate Cancer Patients Based On Daily In-Room CT Imaging

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stuetzer, K; Paessler, T; Valentini, C

Purpose: Retrospective calculation of the delivered proton dose in prostate cancer patients based on a unique dataset of daily CT images. Methods: Inter-fractional motion in prostate cancer patients treated at our proton facility is counteracted by water-filled endorectal ballon and bladder filling protocol. Typical plans (XiO, Elekta Instruments AB, Stockholm) for 74 Gy(RBE) sequential boost treatment in 37 fractions include two series of opposing lateral double-scattered proton beams covering the respective iCTV. Stability of fiducial markers and anatomy were checked in 12 patients by daily scheduled in-room control CT (cCT) after immobilization and positioning according to bony anatomy utilizing orthogonalmore » X-ray. In RayStation 4.6 (RaySearch Laboritories AB, Stockholm), all cCTs are delineated retrospectively and the treatment plans were recalculated on the planning CT and the registered cCTs. All fraction doses were accumulated on the planning CT after deformable registration. Parameters of delivered dose to iCTV (D98%>95%, D2%<107%), bladder (V75Gy<15%, V70Gy<25%, V65Gy<30%), rectum (V70Gy<10%, V50Gy<40%) and femoral heads (V50Gy<5%) are compared to those in the treatment plan. Intra-therapy variation is represented in DVH bands. Results: No alarming differences were observed between planned and retrospectively accumulated dose: iCTV constraints were met, except for one patient (D98%=94.6% in non-boosted iCTV). Considered bladder and femoral head values were below the limits. Rectum V70Gy was slightly exceeded (<11.3%) in two patients. First intra-therapy variability analysis in 4 patients showed no timedependent parameter drift, revealed strongest variability for bladder dose. In some fractions, iCTV coverage (D98%) and rectum V70Gy was missed. Conclusion: Double scattered proton plans are accurately delivered to prostate cancer patients due to fractionation effects and the applied precise positioning and immobilization protocols. As a result of rare interventions after daily 3D imaging of the first 12 patients, in-room CT frequency for prostate cancer patients was reduced. The presented study supports this decision. The authors acknowledge the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research for funding the High Precision Radiotherapy Group at the OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (BMBF- 03Z1N51).« less

The Indian consensus guidance on stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: An emphasis on practical use of nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants.

PubMed

Dalal, Jamshed; Bhave, Abhay; Oomman, Abraham; Vora, Amit; Saxena, Anil; Kahali, Dhiman; Poncha, Fali; Gambhir, D S; Chaudhuri, Jaydip Ray; Sinha, Nakul; Ray, Saumitra; Iyengar, S S; Banerjee, Suvro; Kaul, Upendra

2015-12-01

The last ten years have seen rapid strides in the evolution of nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). For the preparation of this consensus, a comprehensive literature search was performed and data on available trials, subpopulation analyses, and case reports were analyzed. This Indian consensus document intends to provide guidance on selecting the right NOAC for the right patients by formulating expert opinions based on the available trials and Asian/Indian subpopulation analyses of these trials. A section has been dedicated to the current evidence of NOACs in the Asian population. Practical suggestions have been formulated in the following clinical situations: (i) Dose recommendations of the NOACs in different clinical scenarios; (ii) NOACs in patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD); (iii) Monitoring anticoagulant effect of the NOACs; (iv) Overdose of NOACs; (v) Antidotes to NOACs; (vi) Treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) with AF using NOACs; (vii) NOACs dose in elderly, (viii) Switching between NOACs and vitamin K antagonists (VKA); (ix) Cardioversion or ablation in NOAC-treated patients; (x) Planned/emergency surgical interventions in patients currently on NOACs; (xi) Management of bleeding complications of NOACs; (xii) Management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in AF with NOACs; (xiii) Management of acute ischemic stroke while on NOACs. Copyright © 2015. Published by Elsevier B.V.

Choosing a particular oral anticoagulant and dose for stroke prevention in individual patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: part 2

PubMed Central

Diener, Hans-Christoph; Aisenberg, James; Ansell, Jack; Atar, Dan; Breithardt, Günter; Eikelboom, John; Ezekowitz, Michael D.; Granger, Christopher B.; Halperin, Jonathan L.; Hohnloser, Stefan H.; Hylek, Elaine M.; Kirchhof, Paulus; Lane, Deirdre A.; Verheugt, Freek W.A.; Veltkamp, Roland; Lip, Gregory Y.H.

2017-01-01

The choice of oral anticoagulant (OAC) for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) may be influenced by individual clinical features or by patterns of risk factors and comorbidities. We reviewed analyses of subgroups of patients from trials of vitamin K antagonists vs. non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) for stroke prevention in AF with the aim to identify patient groups who might benefit from a particular OAC more than from another. In addition, we discuss the timing of initiation of anticoagulation. In the second of a two-part review, we discuss the use of NOAC for stroke prevention in the following subgroups of patients with AF: (vii) secondary stroke prevention in patients after stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA), (viii) patients with acute stroke requiring thrombolysis or thrombectomy, (ix) those initiating or restarting OAC treatment after stroke or TIA, (x) those with renal impairment on dialysis, (xi) the elderly, (xii) those at high risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, and (xiii) those with hypertension. In addition, we discuss adherence and compliance. Finally, we present a summary of treatment suggestions. In specific subgroups of patients with AF, evidence supports the use of particular NOACs and/or particular doses of anticoagulant. The appropriate choice of treatment for these subgroups will help to promote optimal clinical outcomes. PMID:26848150

Probing High School Students' Cognitive Structures and Key Areas of Learning Difficulties on Ethanoic Acid Using the Flow Map Method

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhou, Qing; Wang, Tingting; Zheng, Qi

2015-01-01

The purpose of this study was primarily to explore high school students' cognitive structures and to identify their learning difficulties on ethanoic acid through the flow map method. The subjects of this study were 30 grade 1 students from Dong Yuan Road Senior High School in Xi'an, China. The interviews were conducted a week after the students…

Chloroplast Dynamics and Photosynthetic Efficiency: Final Technical Report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hanson, Maureen

This project investigated the mechanism by which chloroplasts position themselves to maximize solar energy utilization, to enhance gas exchange, to minimize environmental stress, and to promote efficient exchange of metabolites with other compartments within the plant cell. Chloroplasts move within leaf cells to optimize light levels, moving toward levels of light useful for photosynthesis while moving away from excess light. Plastids sometimes extend their reach by sending out projections (stromules) that can connect anchor chloroplasts in position within the cell or provide close contacts with plasma membrane, mitochondria, peroxisomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and the nucleus. The intracellular location of chloroplasts inmore » relation to other organelles with which they share biosynthetic pathways, such as peroxisomes and mitochondria in photorespiration, affects metabolite flow. This work contributed to the knowledge of the mechanisms of organelle movement and anchoring in specific locations in plant cells and how proteins traffic within the cell. We identified two domains on 12 of the 13 Arabidopsis myosins that were similar to the vacuole-binding (V) domain characterized in yeast and to the DIL domain characterized in yeast and mouse as required for secretory vesicle or melanosome movement, respectively. Because all of the Arabidopsis regions with homology to the V domain contain the amino acid sequence PAL, we refer to this region as the Arabidopsis PAL domain. We have used the yeast Myo2p tail structural information to model the 12 myosin XI tail domains containing the homologous PAL and DIL domains. Eight YFP::DIL domain fusions labeled peroxisomes; none labeled mitochondria or chloroplasts. Six myosin XI Vacuole domains labeled mitochondria and seven labeled Golgi bodies. The Arabidopsis myosin XI-F PAL domain and the homologous myosin XI-F PAL domain from N. benthamiana labels chloroplasts and stromules in N. benthamiana leaves. Using an Arabidopsis line containing hotoconvertible GFP, we observed transfer of protein from one plastid to another and within a stromule from single plastids. We provided time-lapse movies demonstrating movement of both the photoconvertible GFP and standard GFP between plastids. We previously demonstrated the lack of a plastid network within plant cells. We provided protocols explaining how to use fluorescent protein technology to track plastids and stromules within plant cells. We demonstrated that standard GFP unexpectedly could be photoconverted to a red form under certain conditions, allowing the use of GFP lines for studies that require photoconversion.« less

Variations in the water vapor distribution and the associated effects on fog and haze events over Xi'an based on Raman lidar data and back trajectories.

PubMed

Wang, Yufeng; Zhang, Jing; Fu, Qiang; Song, Yuehui; Di, Huige; Li, Bo; Hua, Dengxin

2017-10-01

A combination of more than two years of water vapor lidar data with back trajectory analysis using the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was used to study the long-range transport of air masses and the water vapor distribution characteristics and variations over Xi'an, China (34.233° N, 108.911° E), which is a typical city in Northwest China. High-quality profiles of the water vapor density were derived from a multifunction Raman lidar system built in Xi'an, and more than 2000 sets of profiles with >400 nighttime observations from October 2013 to July 2016 were collected and used for statistical and quantitative analyses. The vertical variations in the water vapor content were discussed. A mutation height of the water vapor exists at 2-4 km with a high occurrence rate of ∼60% during the autumn and winter seasons. This height reflects a distinct stratification in the water vapor content. Additionally, the atmospheric water vapor content was mainly concentrated in the lower troposphere, and the proportion of the water vapor content at 0.5-5 km accounted for 80%-90% of the total water vapor below 10 km. Obvious seasonal variations were observed, including large water vapor content during the spring and summer and small content during the autumn and winter. Combined with back trajectory analysis, the results showed that markedly different water vapor transport pathways contribute to seasonal variations in the water vapor content. South and southeast airflows dominated during the summer, with 30% of the 84 trajectories originating from these areas; however, the air masses during the winter originated from the north and local regions (64.3%) and from the northwest (27%). In addition, we discussed variations in the water vapor during fog and haze weather conditions during the winter. A considerable enhancement in the mean water vapor density at 0.5-3 km exhibited a clear positive correlation (correlation coefficient >0.8) with the PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations. The results indicate that local airflow trajectories mainly affect water vapor transport below the boundary layer, and that these flows are closely related to the formation of fog and haze events in the Xi'an area.

Sp1 upregulates the proximal promoter activity of the mouse collagen α1(XI) gene (Col11a1) in chondrocytes.

PubMed

Watanabe, Keijirou; Hida, Mariko; Sasaki, Takako; Yano, Hiroyuki; Kawano, Kenji; Yoshioka, Hidekatsu; Matsuo, Noritaka

2016-02-01

Type XI collagen is a cartilage-specific extracellular matrix, and is important for collagen fibril formation and skeletal morphogenesis. We have previously reported that NF-Y regulated the proximal promoter activity of the mouse collagen α1(XI) gene (Col11a1) in chondrocytes (Hida et. al. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 2014). However, the mechanism of the Col11a1 gene regulation in chondrocytes has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we further characterized the proximal promoter activity of the mouse Col11a1 gene in chondrocytes. Cell transfection experiments with deletion and mutation constructs indicated that the downstream region of the NF-Y binding site (-116 to +1) is also necessary to regulate the proximal promoter activity of the mouse Col11a1 gene. This minimal promoter region has no TATA box and GC-rich sequence; we therefore examined whether the GC-rich sequence (-96 to -67) is necessary for the transcription regulation of the Col11a1 gene. Luciferase assays using a series of mutation constructs exhibited that the GC-rich sequence is a critical element of Col11a1 promoter activity in chondrocytes. Moreover, in silico analysis of this region suggested that one of the most effective candidates was transcription factor Sp1. Consistent with the prediction, overexpression of Sp1 significantly increased the promoter activity. Furthermore, knockdown of Sp1 expression by siRNA transfection suppressed the proximal promoter activity and the expression of endogenous transcript of the mouse Col11a1 gene. Taken together, these results indicate that the transcription factor Sp1 upregulates the proximal promoter activity of the mouse Col11a1 gene in chondrocytes.

Fine particulate matter constituents and cardiopulmonary mortality in a heavily polluted Chinese city.

PubMed

Cao, Junji; Xu, Hongmei; Xu, Qun; Chen, Bingheng; Kan, Haidong

2012-03-01

Although ambient fine particulate matter (PM(2.5); particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter) has been linked to adverse human health effects, the chemical constituents that cause harm are unknown. To our knowledge, the health effects of PM(2.5) constituents have not been reported for a developing country. We examined the short-term association between PM(2.5) constituents and daily mortality in Xi'an, a heavily polluted Chinese city. We obtained daily mortality data and daily concentrations of PM(2.5), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and 10 water-soluble ions for 1 January 2004 through 31 December 2008. We also measured concentrations of fifteen elements 1 January 2006 through 31 December 2008. We analyzed the data using overdispersed generalized linear Poisson models. During the study period, the mean daily average concentration of PM(2.5) in Xi'an was 182.2 µg/m³. Major contributors to PM(2.5) mass included OC, EC, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium. After adjustment for PM(2.5) mass, we found significant positive associations of total, cardiovascular, or respiratory mortality with OC, EC, ammonium, nitrate, chlorine ion, chlorine, and nickel for at least one lag period. Nitrate demonstrated stronger associations with total and cardiovascular mortality than PM(2.5) mass. For a 1-day lag, interquartile range increases in PM(2.5) mass and nitrate (114.9 and 15.4 µg/m³, respectively) were associated with 1.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8%, 2.8%] and 3.8% (95% CI: 1.7%, 5.9%) increases in total mortality. Our findings suggest that PM(2.5) constituents from the combustion of fossil fuel may have an appreciable influence on the health effects attributable to PM(2.5) in Xi'an.

Investigating into composition, distribution, sources and health risk of phthalic acid esters in street dust of Xi'an City, Northwest China.

PubMed

Wang, Lijun; Zhang, Wenjuan; Tao, Wendong; Wang, Li; Shi, Xingmin; Lu, Xinwei

2017-08-01

Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers and in consumer products, which may enter the environment and present risks to human health. U.S. EPA classifies six PAEs as priority pollutants, which could be accumulated in street dust at the interface of atmosphere, biosphere and geosphere. This study collected a total of 58 street dust samples from Xi'an City in Northwest China and analyzed for concentrations of the priority PAEs. Composition, distribution, sources and health risk of the PAEs were further examined. All the priority PAEs were detected in the street dust. The concentrations of individual PAEs varied between not detected and 183.19 mg/kg. The sum of the 6 priority PAEs (∑6PAEs) ranged from 0.87 to 250.30 mg/kg with a mean of 40.48 mg/kg. The most abundant PAEs in the street dust were di-n-butyl phthalate and di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Higher concentrations of ∑6PAEs in the street dust were found in the south and west parts of Xi'an City as well as its urban center, which were possibly attributed to the prevailing northerly Asian winter monsoon. The PAEs in the street dust originated mainly from wide application of plasticizers as well as cosmetics and personal care products. The main pathways of human exposure to PAEs in the street dust were ingestion and dermal adsorption of dust particles. The non-cancer risk of human exposure to PAEs in the street dust was relatively low, while the risk to children was higher than that to adults. The cancer risk of human exposure to DEHP in the street dust was lower than the standard limit value of 10 -6 .

Nonequilibrium relaxations within the ground-state manifold in the antiferromagnetic Ising model on a triangular lattice.

PubMed

Kim, Eunhye; Lee, Sung Jong; Kim, Bongsoo

2007-02-01

We present an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study on the nonequilibrium kinetics of triangular antiferromagnetic Ising model within the ground state ensemble which consists of sectors, each of which is characterized by a unique value of the string density p through a dimer covering method. Building upon our recent work [Phys. Rev. E 68, 066127 (2003)] where we considered the nonequilibrium relaxation observed within the dominant sector with p=2/3, we here focus on the nonequilibrium kinetics within the minor sectors with p<2/3. The initial configurations are chosen as those in which the strings are straight and evenly distributed. In the minor sectors, we observe a characteristic spatial anisotropy in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium spatial correlations. We observe emergence of a critical relaxation region (in the spatial and temporal domain) which grows as p deviates from p=2/3. Spatial anisotropy appears in the equilibrium spatial correlation with the characteristic length scale xi(e,V)(p) diverging with vanishing string density as xi(e,V)(p) approximately p(-2) along the vertical direction, while along the horizontal direction the spatial length scale diverges as xi(e,H) approximately p(-1). Analytic forms for the anisotropic equilibrium correlation functions are given. We also find that the spin autocorrelation function A(t) shows a simple scaling behavior A(t)=A(t/tau(A)(p)), where the time scale tau(A)(p) shows a power-law divergence with vanishing p as tau(A)(p) approximately p(-phi) with phi approximately or equal to 4. These features can be understood in terms of random walk nature of the fluctuations of the strings within the typical separation between neighboring strings.

Auxiliary-fermion approach to critical fluctuations in the two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brinckmann, Jan; Woelfle, Peter

2004-11-01

The nearest-neighbor quantum antiferromagnetic (AF) Heisenberg model for spin-1/2 on a two-dimensional square lattice is studied in the auxiliary-fermion representation. Expressing spin operators by canonical fermionic particles requires a constraint on the fermion charge Q{sub i}=1 on each lattice site i, which is imposed approximately through the thermal average. The resulting interacting fermion system is first treated in mean-field theory (MFT), which yields an AF ordered ground state and spin waves in quantitative agreement with conventional spin-wave theory. At finite temperature a self-consistent approximation beyond mean field is required in order to fulfill the Mermin-Wagner theorem. We first discuss amore » fully self-consistent approximation, where fermions are renormalized due to fluctuations of their spin density, in close analogy to FLEX. While static properties like the correlation length, {xi}(T){proportional_to}exp(aJ/T), come out correctly, the dynamical response lacks the magnon-like peaks which would reflect the appearance of short-range order at low T. This drawback, which is caused by overdamping, is overcome in a 'minimal self-consistent approximation' (MSCA), which we derive from the equations of motion. The MSCA features dynamical scaling at small energy and temperature and is qualitatively correct both in the regime of order-parameter relaxation at long wavelengths {lambda}>{xi} and in the short-range-order regime at {lambda}<{xi}. We also discuss the impact of vertex corrections and the problem of pseudo-gap formation in the single-particle density of states due to long-range fluctuations. Finally we show that the (short-range) magnetic order in MFT and MSCA helps to fulfill the constraint on the local fermion occupancy.« less

Novel Family of Insect Salivary Inhibitors Blocks Contact Pathway Activation by Binding to Polyphosphate, Heparin, and Dextran Sulfate

PubMed Central

Alvarenga, Patricia H.; Xu, Xueqing; Oliveira, Fabiano; Chagas, Andrezza C.; Nascimento, Clarissa R.; Francischetti, Ivo M.B.; Juliano, Maria A.; Juliano, Luiz; Scharfstein, Julio; Valenzuela, Jesus G.; Ribeiro, José M.C.; Andersen, John F.

2014-01-01

Objective Polyphosphate and heparin are anionic polymers released by activated mast cells and platelets that are known to stimulate the contact pathway of coagulation. These polymers promote both the autoactivation of factor XII and the assembly of complexes containing factor XI, prekallikrein, and high-molecular-weight kininogen. We are searching for salivary proteins from blood-feeding insects that counteract the effect of procoagulant and proinflammatory factors in the host, including elements of the contact pathway. Approach and Results Here, we evaluate the ability of the sand fly salivary proteins, PdSP15a and PdSP15b, to inhibit the contact pathway by disrupting binding of its components to anionic polymers. We attempt to demonstrate binding of the proteins to polyphosphate, heparin, and dextran sulfate. We also evaluate the effect of this binding on contact pathway reactions. We also set out to determine the x-ray crystal structure of PdSP15b and examine the determinants of relevant molecular interactions. Both proteins bind polyphosphate, heparin, and dextran sulfate with high affinity. Through this mechanism they inhibit the autoactivation of factor XII and factor XI, the reciprocal activation of factor XII and prekallikrein, the activation of factor XI by thrombin and factor XIIa, the cleavage of high-molecular-weight kininogen in plasma, and plasma extravasation induced by polyphosphate. The crystal structure of PdSP15b contains an amphipathic helix studded with basic side chains that forms the likely interaction surface. Conclusions The results of these studies indicate that the binding of anionic polymers by salivary proteins is used by blood feeders as an antihemostatic/anti-inflammatory mechanism. PMID:24092749

Circulating erythrocyte-derived microparticles are associated with coagulation activation in sickle cell disease

PubMed Central

van Beers, Eduard J.; Schaap, Marianne C.L.; Berckmans, René J.; Nieuwland, Rienk; Sturk, Augueste; van Doormaal, Frederiek F.; Meijers, Joost C.M.; Biemond, Bart J.

2009-01-01

Background Sickle cell disease is characterized by a hypercoagulable state as a result of multiple factors, including chronic hemolysis and circulating cell-derived microparticles. There is still no consensus on the cellular origin of such microparticles and the exact mechanism by which they may enhance coagulation activation in sickle cell disease. Design and Methods In the present study, we analyzed the origin of circulating microparticles and their procoagulant phenotype during painful crises and steady state in 25 consecutive patients with sickle cell disease. Results The majority of microparticles originated from platelets (GPIIIa,CD61) and erythrocytes (glycophorin A,CD235), and their numbers did not differ significantly between crisis and steady state. Erythrocyte-derived microparticles strongly correlated with plasma levels of markers of hemolysis, i.e. hemoglobin (r=−0.58, p<0.001) and lactate dehydrogenase (r=0.59, p<0.001), von Willebrand factor as a marker of platelet/endothelial activation (r=0.44, p<0.001), and D-dimer and prothrombin fragment F1+2 (r=0.52, p<0.001 and r=0.59, p<0.001, respectively) as markers of fibrinolysis and coagulation activation. Thrombin generation depended on the total number of microparticles (r=0.63, p<0.001). Anti-human factor XI inhibited thrombin generation by about 50% (p<0.001), whereas anti-human factor VII was ineffective (p>0.05). The extent of factor XI inhibition was associated with erythrocyte-derived microparticles (r=0.50, p=0.023). Conclusions We conclude that the procoagulant state in sickle cell disease is partially explained by the factor XI-dependent procoagulant properties of circulating erythrocyte-derived microparticles. PMID:19815831

GALAXY CLUSTERS DISCOVERED VIA THE SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT IN THE 2500-SQUARE-DEGREE SPT-SZ SURVEY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bleem, L. E.; Stalder, B.; de Haan, T.

2015-01-29

We present a catalog of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signature from 2500 deg(2) of South Pole Telescope (SPT) data. This work represents the complete sample of clusters detected at high significance in the 2500 deg(2) SPT-SZ survey, which was completed in 2011. A total of 677 (409) cluster candidates are identified above a signal-to-noise threshold of xi = 4.5 (5.0). Ground-and space-based optical and near-infrared (NIR) imaging confirms overdensities of similarly colored galaxies in the direction of 516 (or 76%) of the xi > 4.5 candidates and 387 (or 95%) of the xi > 5 candidates;more » the measured purity is consistent with expectations from simulations. Of these confirmed clusters, 415 were first identified in SPT data, including 251 new discoveries reported in this work. We estimate photometric redshifts for all candidates with identified optical and/or NIR counterparts; we additionally report redshifts derived from spectroscopic observations for 141 of these systems. The mass threshold of the catalog is roughly independent of redshift above z similar to 0.25 leading to a sample of massive clusters that extends to high redshift. The median mass of the sample is M-500c(rho(crit)) similar to 3.5 x 10(14) M-circle dot h(70)(-1) 70, the median redshift is z(med) = 0.55, and the highest-redshift systems are at z > 1.4. The combination of large redshift extent, clean selection, and high typical mass makes this cluster sample of particular interest for cosmological analyses and studies of cluster formation and evolution.« less

A longitudinal study of medication exposure and xerostomia among older people.

PubMed

Murray Thomson, W; Chalmers, Jane M; John Spencer, A; Slade, Gary D; Carter, Knute D

2006-12-01

To describe the incidence of xerostomia among a population of older people over a 6-year period, with particular attention to medications as risk factors. Understanding the natural history of xerostomia requires longitudinal epidemiological research, but only one study has examined changes in xerostomia over time. While medication is a recognised risk factor for dry mouth, the role of particular medication categories continues to be controversial. Older South Australians (aged 60+) underwent an interview and dental examination at baseline, and these assessments were repeated 2, 5 and 11 years afterward. Medication data were collected at baseline, 5 and 11 years. Xerostomia data were collected at 5 and 11 years using the Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and a standard question. Of the 1205 dentate participants assessed at baseline, 669 remained after 5 years, and 246 were assessed at 11 years. Medication prevalence increased over the observation period, such that 94.8% of the cohort were taking at least one medication by 11 years. The prevalence of xerostomia increased from 21.4% to 24.8% between 5 and 11 years (p > 0.05), and the mean XI score increased from 20.0 (SD, 6.7) to 21.5 (SD, 7.9; p < 0.001). Some 14.7% of participants were incident cases of xerostomia, while 11.4% were remitted cases; 10.1% were cases at both 5 and 11 years. After controlling for gender and 'baseline' xerostomia severity (represented by the XI score at 5 years), participants who commenced taking daily aspirin after 5 years had over four times the odds of becoming incident cases, while those who commenced taking a diuretic after 5 years had nearly six times the odds of doing so. While the overall prevalence of xerostomia increased during the observation period, there was considerable instability, with one-quarter of the cohort changing their status. Medication exposure was strongly associated with the incidence of the condition, with recent exposure to diuretics or daily aspirin strongly predicting it.

A UV multifunctional Raman lidar system for the observation and analysis of atmospheric temperature, humidity, aerosols and their conveying characteristics over Xi'an

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yufeng, Wang; Qiang, Fu; Meina, Zhao; Fei, Gao; Huige, Di; Yuehui, Song; Dengxin, Hua

2018-01-01

To monitor the variability and the correlation of multiple atmospheric parameters in the whole troposphere and the lower stratosphere, a ground-based ultraviolet multifunctional Raman lidar system was established to simultaneously measure the atmospheric parameters in Xi'an (34.233°N, 108.911°E). A set of dichroic mirrors (DMs) and narrow-band interference filters (IFs) with narrow angles of incidence were utilized to construct a high-efficiency 5-channel polychromator. A series of high-quality data obtained from October 2013 to December 2015 under different weather conditions were used to investigate the functionality of the Raman lidar system and to study the variability of multiple atmospheric parameters in the whole stratosphere. Their conveying characteristics are also investigated using back trajectories with a hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model (HYSPLIT). The lidar system can be operated efficiently under weather conditions with a cloud backscattering ratio of less than 18 and an atmospheric visibility of 3 km. We observed an obvious temperature inversion phenomenon at the tropopause height of 17-18 km and occasional temperature inversion layers below the boundary layer. The rapidly changing atmospheric water vapor is mostly concentrated at the lower troposphere, below ∼4-5 km, accounting for ∼90% of the total water vapor content at 0.5-10 km. The back trajectory analysis shows that the air flow from the northwest and the west mainly contributes to the transport of aerosols and water vapor over Xi'an. The simultaneous continuous observational results demonstrate the variability and correlation among the multiple atmospheric parameters, and the accumulated water vapor density in the bottom layer causes an increase in the aerosol extinction coefficient and enhances the relative humidity in the early morning. The long-term observations provide a large amount of reliable atmospheric data below the lower stratosphere, and can be used to study their correlation and to improve local climate change research.

On the Functional Neuroanatomy of Visual Word Processing: Effects of Case and Letter Deviance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kronbichler, Martin; Klackl, Johannes; Richlan, Fabio; Schurz, Matthias; Staffen, Wolfgang; Ladurner, Gunther; Wimmer, Heinz

2009-01-01

This functional magnetic resonance imaging study contrasted case-deviant and letter-deviant forms with familiar forms of the same phonological words (e.g., "TaXi" and "Taksi" vs. "Taxi") and found that both types of deviance led to increased activation in a left occipito-temporal region, corresponding to the visual word form area (VWFA). The…

"A National Crime": The Canadian Government and the Residential School System, 1879 to 1986. Manitoba Studies in Native History XI.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Milloy, John S.

Canada's residential school system for Aboriginal children has had lasting damaging effects on Indigenous people. Founded in 1879, the residential school system was operated through a church-state partnership. The government provided the funding, set standards of care, and supervised the administration of schools, while the Anglican, Catholic,…

Prevalence of Herbal Therapy Use in Active Duty Air Force Women

DTIC Science & Technology

2001-04-24

Effects and Drug Interactions............................ 22 xi Health Perception and Herbal Use..................................................... 25...required of conventional drugs , and they are not subject to the approval process of the FDA (Cupp, 1999). Also, unlike conventional drugs , herbal...batch-to-batch variability can cause adverse effects and drug interactions. 3 Controlled studies of herbal medicines are not profitable, so there is

Soil Amendments to Reduce Bioavailability of Metals in Soils: Experimental Studies and Spectroscopic Verification

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-07-01

Leachate . ................................ 56 xi Table 24. Smelter Site Soil Lettuce Germination Percentage...sand soil (Table 22). This discovery was contrary to the hypothesized results. Archived samples of leachate from each treatment were examined...but after further investigation ,the pH and EC of the New Jersey leachate showed no remarkable differences between the unamended or sand unamended

Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy of Ruddlesden-Popper Srn+1TinO3n+1 (n = 1,2,3) Thin Films

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-01-29

permittivity, strontium compounds N. D. Orloff, W. Tian, C. J. Fennie , C. H. Lee, D. Gu, J. Mateu, X. X. Xi, K. M. Rabe, D. G. Schlom, I. Takeuchi, J...of Ruddlesden–Popper Srn+1TinO3n+1 (n = 1,2,3) thin films N. D. Orloff, W. Tian, C. J. Fennie , C. H. Lee, D. Gu et al. Citation: Appl. Phys. Lett... Fennie ,4 C. H. Lee,3,5 D. Gu,2 J. Mateu,6 X. X. Xi,5 K. M. Rabe,7 D. G. Schlom,3 I. Takeuchi,1 and J. C. Booth2 1Department of Materials Science and

Ancient Guest Stars as harbingers of neutron star formation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Zhen-Ru

The well-known AD 1006, 1054, 1572, and 1604 were described as "Guest Stars" by Chinese, Japanese and Korean. In most cases, it might thus be possible to expect a Guest Star to be a term for supernova or nova. There are a lot of records concerning ancient Guest Stars in Chinese historical books. Two catalogues were compiled by Xi (1955) and Xi and Bo (1965, 1966) that listed 90 probable novae or supernovae observed between 1400 BC and AD 1700. Clark and Stephenson (1977), Ho (1962) and Kanda (1935) collected more or less similar records. Among all the historical records more than 80% are from China. The discussion presented in this paper is based on them.

Aerodynamic Design of Axial-flow Compressors. Volume III

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Johnson, Irving A; Bullock, Robert O; Graham, Robert W; Costilow, Eleanor L; Huppert, Merle C; Benser, William A; Herzig, Howard Z; Hansen, Arthur G; Jackson, Robert J; Yohner, Peggy L;

Beyond the Classical Performance Limitations Controlling Uncertain MIMO Systems: UAV Applications. 2nd Session

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-05-01

en ts m et ho ds - 1s t fle xi bl e m od e ha s be en co ns id er ed fo re ac h be am an d al on g its X a nd Y...s b ee n pr es en te d. • Th e te ch ni qu e ha s b ee n va lid at ed w ith a D ar w in -ty pe sp ac ec ra ft w ith fle xi bl e ap pe nd ag es...2. 1 M ar io G ar ci a- Sa nz M ar io G ar ci a- Sa nz A

Asymmetry in power-law magnitude correlations.

PubMed

Podobnik, Boris; Horvatić, Davor; Tenenbaum, Joel N; Stanley, H Eugene

2009-07-01

Time series of increments can be created in a number of different ways from a variety of physical phenomena. For example, in the phenomenon of volatility clustering-well-known in finance-magnitudes of adjacent increments are correlated. Moreover, in some time series, magnitude correlations display asymmetry with respect to an increment's sign: the magnitude of |x_{i}| depends on the sign of the previous increment x_{i-1} . Here we define a model-independent test to measure the statistical significance of any observed asymmetry. We propose a simple stochastic process characterized by a an asymmetry parameter lambda and a method for estimating lambda . We illustrate both the test and process by analyzing physiological data.

CYTOGENETIC STUDIES FOLLOWING HIGH DOSAGE PATERNAL IRRADIATION IN THE MEALY BUG PLANOCOCCUS CITRI. II. CYTOLOGY OF X$sub 1$ FEMALES AND THE PROBLEM OF LECANOID SEX DETERMINATION

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Chandra, H.S.

1963-06-01

Females of the mealy bug were mated to males previously irradiated with heavy doses of Co/sup 60/ gamma rays (30000 to 120000 rep), the progeny is mostly female. Observations are made on diploid, triploid andd mosaic survivors. These Xi females are gynogenetic, with unbroken chromosomes. Detailed cytology of 17 such gynogenetic females showed triploids, diploids, 3N/2N and 2N/N mosaics. Most of the embryos produced by triploid mothers were aneuploid and these degenerated before gastrulation. Regardless of aneuploidy, male embryos showed the typical lecanoid heterochromatization of the paternal set of chromosomes. Just prior to degeneration, the euchromatic chromosomes in the aneuploidmore » male embryos showed endomitotic splitting while the heterochromatic did not. Among the progeny of triploid female and diploid male matings, only females with five euchromatic plus five heterochromatic chromosomes andd females with 10 or 15 euchromatic chromsomes were found. A search for adults with 5 heterochromatic + 10 euchromatic chromosomes among the progeny of triploid mothers was unsuccessful. Chromosomal variables such as aneuploidy of the euchromatic set, haploidy and fragmentation are discussed in relation to the problems of heterochromatization of the paternal set andd sex determination of this species. (BBB)« less

A Measurement of the proton-proton inelastic scattering cross-section at center off mass energy = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tompkins, Lauren Alexandra

The first measurement of the inelastic cross-section for proton-proton collisions at a center of mass energy of 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. From a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 inverse microbarns, events are selected by requiring activity in scintillation counters mounted in the forward region of the ATLAS detector. An inelastic cross-section of 60.1 +/- 2.1 millibarns is measured for the subset of events visible to the scintillation counters. The uncertainty includes the statistical and systematic uncertainty on the measurement. The visible events satisfy xi > 5 x 10 -6, where xi=MX 2/s is calculated from the invariant mass, MX, of hadrons selected using the largest rapidity gap in the event. For diffractive events this corresponds to requiring at least one of the dissociation masses to be larger than 15.7~GeV. Using an extrapolation dependent on the model for the differential diffractive mass distribution, an inelastic cross-section of 69.1 +/- 2.4 (exp) +/- 6.9 (extr) millibarns is determined, where (exp) indicates the experimental uncertainties and (extr) indicates the uncertainty due to the extrapolation from the limited xi-range to the full inelastic cross-section.

Synthesis, structural and optical characterization of APbX{sub 3} (A=methylammonium, dimethylammonium, trimethylammonium; X=I, Br, Cl) hybrid organic-inorganic materials

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mancini, Alessandro; Quadrelli, Paolo; Amoroso, Giuseppe

2016-08-15

In this paper we report the synthesis, the crystal structure and the optical response of APbX{sub 3} (A=MA, DMA, and TMA; X=I, Br) hybrid organic-inorganic materials including some new phases. We observe that as the cation group increases in size, the optical absorption edge shifts to higher energies with energy steps which are systematic and independent on the anion. A linear correlation between the optical bad gap and the tolerance factor has been shown for the series of samples investigated. - Graphical abstract: The crystal structure and the optical response of the two series of hybrid organic-inorganic materials APbX{sub 3}more » (A=MA, DMA, and TMA; X=I, Br), which include some new phases, are reported. A dependence of crystal structure and band-gap with tolerance factor is shown. Display Omitted - Highlights: • DMAPbI{sub 3}, TMAPbI{sub 3} and TMAPbBr{sub 3} are reported as new hybrid organic-inorganic compounds. • Crystal structure and optical properties as a function of the number of methyl groups are provided. • Correlation between structure and optical properties are given as a function of tolerance factor.« less

Inhibition of ethylene production by putrescine alleviates aluminium-induced root inhibition in wheat plants.

PubMed

Yu, Yan; Jin, Chongwei; Sun, Chengliang; Wang, Jinghong; Ye, Yiquan; Zhou, Weiwei; Lu, Lingli; Lin, Xianyong

2016-01-08

Inhibition of root elongation is one of the most distinct symptoms of aluminium (Al) toxicity. Although putrescine (Put) has been identified as an important signaling molecule involved in Al tolerance, it is yet unknown how Put mitigates Al-induced root inhibition. Here, the possible mechanism was investigated by using two wheat genotypes differing in Al resistance: Al-tolerant Xi Aimai-1 and Al-sensitive Yangmai-5. Aluminium caused more root inhibition in Yangmai-5 and increased ethylene production at the root apices compared to Xi Aimai-1, whereas the effects were significantly reversed by ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors. The simultaneous exposure of wheat seedlings to Al and ethylene donor, ethephon, or ethylene biosynthesis precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), increased ethylene production and aggravated root inhibition, which was more pronounced in Xi Aimai-1. In contrast, Put treatment decreased ethylene production and alleviated Al-induced root inhibition in both genotypes, and the effects were more conspicuous in Yangmai-5. Furthermore, our results indicated that Al-induced ethylene production was mediated by ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase, and that Put decreased ethylene production by inhibiting ACS. Altogether, these findings indicate that ethylene is involved in Al-induced root inhibition and this process could be alleviated by Put through inhibiting ACS activity.

Sources and Dynamics of Inorganic Carbon within the Upper Reaches of the Xi River Basin, Southwest China

PubMed Central

Zou, Junyu

2016-01-01

The carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of dissolved and particulate inorganic carbon (DIC; PIC) was used to compare and analyze the origin, dynamics and evolution of inorganic carbon in two headwater tributaries of the Xi River, Southwest China. Carbonate dissolution and soil CO2 were regarded as the primary sources of DIC on the basis of δ13CDIC values which varied along the Nanpan and Beipan Rivers, from −13.9‰ to 8.1‰. Spatial trends in DIC differed between the two rivers (i.e., the tributaries), in part because factors controlling pCO2, which strongly affected carbonate dissolution, differed between the two river basins. Transport of soil CO2 and organic carbon through hydrologic conduits predominately controlled the levels of pCO2 in the Nanpan River. However, pCO2 along the upper reaches of the Nanpan River also was controlled by the extent of urbanization and industrialization relative to agriculture. DIC concentrations in the highly urbanized upper reaches of the Nanpan River were typical higher than in other carbonate-dominated areas of the upper Xi River. Within the Beipan River, the oxidation of organic carbon is the primary process that maintains pCO2 levels. The pCO2 within the Beipan River was more affected by sulfuric acid from coal industries, inputs from a scenic spot, and groundwater than along the Nanpan River. With regards to PIC, the contents and δ13C values in the Nanpan River were generally lower than those in the Beipan River, indicating that chemical and physical weathering contributes more marine carbonate detritus to the PIC along the Beipan River. The CO2 evasion flux from the Nanpan River was higher than that in the Beipan River, and generally higher than along the middle and lower reaches of the Xi River, demonstrating that the Nanpan River is an important net source of atmospheric CO2 in Southwest China. PMID:27513939

Quantitative study on spatio-temporal change of urban landscape pattern based on RS/GIS: a case of Xi'an metropolitan area in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Meiwu; Zong, Yueguang; Ma, Qiang; Li, Jian

2007-06-01

The study on landscape pattern is an important field of urban land use and ecological change. Since 1990s, the widely accepted Patch-Corridor-Matrix model is generally used in qualitative description of landscape pattern. In recent years, quantitative evaluation on urban landscape dynamics is becoming hot in research. By making a critical review on existing research methods of landscape pattern, a new approach based on RS/GIS is put forward in this paper, comprising three steps, "General pattern characteristics - Gradient differentiation feature- Directional signature of the landscape", and we call it GGD. This method is applied to the case study of Xi'an metropolitan area in China. The result shows that the method is effective on quantitative study of urban landscape. The preparation of the method GGD is setting up research platform based on RS and GIS. By using the software of Geographical Information System (Arcgis9.0 & Erdas), the authors got the interpretation of remote sensing images of different years, and carried on the division of the landscape type of the research region. By calculating various index of landscape level with software Fragstats3.3 as an assistant tool and adopting three steps of GGD combined with landscape index, this paper can assesses the landscape spatial pattern of urban area: 1) General pattern characteristics analysis is to get transition probability of various landscape through Markov chain and to predict the landscape transformation by introducing CA model. The analysis emphasizes on total landscape structure and its change over time; 2) Gradient characteristic analysis, which makes gradient zone by taking city as a center outwardly with certain distance and contrastively analyzes the landscape index of each subarea, stresses the spatial character of landscape pattern, verifies urban morphology theories and provides the quantitative warranty for establishment of urban modality. Therefore, the analysis is useful for supervising urban expanding speed; 3)Direction characteristic analysis, which is setting up radiate strip on west-east, south-north, southwest-northeast and northwest-southeast and form certain width on each direction, can precisely and quantitatively indicate different characteristic of urban landscape at each development direction, and by combined with gradient analysis it is highly advantageous to the examination and planning of urban expanding direction. In the case study on Xi'an metropolitan area, remote sensing images of 1988 and 2005 Landsat-TM were handled, and the division of the landscape type of the region was also carried on. According to the above approach, the result was got and some valuable information was showed as follows: 1) The diversity of overall landscape of Xi'an metropolitan area tends to increase and the degree of fragmentation tends to deepen. With the increase of urbanization level, the visual component of landscape is more and more diversified, the shapes of landscape is more and more complicated and ecologically more and more fragmented. In the region where urbanization level is low, natural landscape is the main component of the landscape, the diversity of the landscape is low. And because landscape is seriously disturbed by human activities with urbanization, fragmentation of the landscape emerges periodically. 2) In the process of transect gradient analysis, the landscape pattern index can explore the urbanization gradient, and its trend to reduce gradually towards the suburban. The landscape of area with a high urbanization level is mainly man-created, and its patches show large number, small area, simple shape and higher landscape heterogeneity. The transect gradient analysis on different time series indicates the relationship between urbanization level and landscape pattern. The landscape of urban area suffers intensely from human being, and its pattern component and spatial collocation depends on the interference intensity to a large degree. In the area with a high urbanization level, its pattern component is more man-created and less natural landscape. The landscape collocation characteristic of its patches takes on a large number, little average area, simple shape and low polymerization degree. 3) Analysis of direction and gradient of Xi'an metropolitan area can quantitatively reflect influence of urbanization and characteristics of urban landscape in the main development axes of north-south and east. Result shows that the degree of internal integration between Xi'an city and Xianyang city is gradually enhanced with the quickly urbanization course in China.

Solvent-molecule-mediated manipulation of crystalline grains for efficient planar binary lead and tin triiodide perovskite solar cells

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhu, Leize; Yuh, Brian; Schoen, Stefan; Li, Xinpei; Aldighaithir, Mohammed; Richardson, Beau J.; Alamer, Ahmed; Yu, Qiuming

2016-03-01

Binary lead and tin perovskites offer the benefits of narrower band gaps for broader adsorption of solar spectrum and better charge transport for higher photocurrent density. Here, we report the growth of large, smooth crystalline grains of bianry lead and tin triiodide perovskite films via a two-step solution process with thermal plus solvent vapor-assisted thermal annealing. The crystalline SnxPb1-xI2 films formed in the first step served as the templates for the formation of crystalline CH3NH3SnxPb1-xI3 films during the second step interdiffusion of methylammonium iodide (MAI). Followed by dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) vapor-assisted thermal annealing, small, faceted perovskite grains grew into large, smooth grains via the possible mechanism involving bond breaking and reforming mediated by DMSO solvent molecules. The absorption onset was extended to 950 and 1010 nm for the CH3NH3SnxPb1-xI3 perovskites with x = 0.1 and 0.25, respectively. The highest PCE of 10.25% was achieved from the planar perovskite solar cell with the CH3NH3Sn0.1Pb0.9I3 layer prepared via the thermal plus DMSO vapor-assisted thermal annealing. This research provides a way to control and manipulate film morphology, grain size, and especially the distribution of metal cations in binary metal perovskite layers, which opens an avenue to grow perovskite materials with desired properties to enhance device performance.Binary lead and tin perovskites offer the benefits of narrower band gaps for broader adsorption of solar spectrum and better charge transport for higher photocurrent density. Here, we report the growth of large, smooth crystalline grains of bianry lead and tin triiodide perovskite films via a two-step solution process with thermal plus solvent vapor-assisted thermal annealing. The crystalline SnxPb1-xI2 films formed in the first step served as the templates for the formation of crystalline CH3NH3SnxPb1-xI3 films during the second step interdiffusion of methylammonium iodide (MAI). Followed by dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) vapor-assisted thermal annealing, small, faceted perovskite grains grew into large, smooth grains via the possible mechanism involving bond breaking and reforming mediated by DMSO solvent molecules. The absorption onset was extended to 950 and 1010 nm for the CH3NH3SnxPb1-xI3 perovskites with x = 0.1 and 0.25, respectively. The highest PCE of 10.25% was achieved from the planar perovskite solar cell with the CH3NH3Sn0.1Pb0.9I3 layer prepared via the thermal plus DMSO vapor-assisted thermal annealing. This research provides a way to control and manipulate film morphology, grain size, and especially the distribution of metal cations in binary metal perovskite layers, which opens an avenue to grow perovskite materials with desired properties to enhance device performance. Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: 10.1039/c6nr00301j

National Waterways Study. Commercial Water Transportation Users.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-08-01

34superfund" legislation would further increase the costs associated with hazardous materials transporta- tion, because industry would be subject to a tax to...high tax in Oregon. As previously discussed, this advantage may disapper if environmental restrictions on dumping increase in the future. Aside from...Fleeting 435 Other Issues 438 Conclusions 439 XI POSSIBLE ACTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER INVESTIGATION 442 Introduction 442 Increasing Lock

Implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) through One Man One Tree to Improve Students' Attitude and Behavior to Support "Sekolah Adiwiyata"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risnani; Sumarmi; Astina, I. Komang

2017-01-01

The attitude and behavior of the students of class XI-6 in relation to environmental awareness is very low. It proves that there is no student involvement in environmental conservation. The purpose of this study is to increase students' attitude and behavior related to environmental conservation using "One Man One Tree" Project Based…

Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) Information Study

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-11-28

Maritime Unmanned System NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization xi The use or disclosure of the information on this sheet is subject to the... Unmanned Aerial System UDA Underwater Domain Awareness UNISIPS Unified Sonar Image Processing System USV Unmanned Surface Vehicle UUV Unmanned Underwater...data distribution to ashore systems , such as the delay, its impact and the benefits to the overall MDA and required metadata for efficient search and

Teachers' Discoursal Strategies in Providing Positive Feedback to Student Responses: A Study of Four English Immersion Teachers in People's Republic of China

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pei, Miao

2012-01-01

This paper investigates the discoursal strategies of four teachers in providing feedback to student responses in English classrooms in Xi'an, People's Republic of China. The findings indicate that the teachers provide positive feedback for students English learning in various ways, including using the most common strategies such as accepting,…

Open-Ended Approach: An Effort in Cultivating Students' Mathematical Creative Thinking Ability and Self-Esteem in Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fatah, Abdul; Suryadi, Didi; Sabandar, Jozua; Turmudi

2016-01-01

The present study aims at examining the use of open-ended approach in cultivating senior high school students' mathematical creative thinking ability (MCTA) and self-esteem (SE) in mathematics viewed from school category. The subjects of this research were the students grade XI at three schools; high, middle and low category in Kota Serang, Banten…

Comparison of Quantum and Classical Monte Carlo on a Simple Model Phase Transition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cohen, D. E.; Cohen, R. E.

2005-12-01

Most simulations of phase transitions in minerals use classical molecular dynamics or classical Monte Carlo. However, it is known that in some cases, quantum effects are quite large, even for perovskite oxides [1]. We have studied the simplest model of a phase transition where this can be tested, that of interacting of double wells with an infinite- range interaction. The energy is E = ∑i (-A xi2 + B xi4 + ξ xi) . We used the same parameters used in a study of vibrational spectra and soft- mode behavior [4], A=0.01902, B=0.14294, ξ=0.025 in Hartree atomic units. This gives Tc of about 400 K. We varied the oscillator mass from 18 to 100. Classical Monte Carlo and path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) were performed on this model. The maximum effect was for the lightest mass, in which PIMC gave a 75K lower Tc than the classical simulation. This is similar to the reduction in Tc observed in PIMC simulations for BaTiO3 at zero pressure [1]. We will explore the effects of varying the well depths. Shallower wells would show a greater quantum effect, as was seen in the high pressure BaTiO3 simulations, since pressure reduces the double well depths [5]. [1] Iniguez, J. & Vanderbilt, D. First-principles study of the temperature-pressure phase diagram of BaTiO3. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 115503 (2002). [2] Gillis, N. S. & Koehler, T. R. Phase transitions in a simple model ferroelectric-- -comparison of exact and variational treatments of a molecular-field Hamiltonian. Phys. Rev. B 9, 3806 (1974). [3] Koehler, T. R. & Gillis, N. S. Phase Transitions in a Model of Interacting Anharmonic Oscillators. Phys. Rev. B 7, 4980 (1973). [4] Flocken, J. W., Guenther, R. A., Hardy, J. R. & Boyer, L. L. Dielectric response spectrum of a damped one-dimensional double-well oscillator. Phys. Rev. B 40, 11496-11501 (1989). [5] Cohen, R. E. Origin of ferroelectricity in oxide ferroelectrics and the difference in ferroelectric behavior of BaTiO3 and PbTiO3. Nature 358, 136-138 (1992).

[Study on the content and carbon isotopic composition of water dissolved inorganic carbon from rivers around Xi'an City].

PubMed

Guo, Wei; Li, Xiang-Zhong; Liu, Wei-Guo

2013-04-01

In this study, the content and isotopic compositions of water dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from four typical rivers (Chanhe, Bahe, Laohe and Heihe) around Xi'an City were studied to trace the possible sources of DIC. The results of this study showed that the content of DIC in the four rivers varied from 0.34 to 5.66 mmol x L(-1) with an average value of 1.23 mmol x L(-1). In general, the content of DIC increased from the headstream to the river mouth. The delta13C(DIC) of four rivers ranged from -13.3 per thousand to -7.2 per thousand, with an average value of -10.1 per thousand. The delta13C(DIC) values of river water were all negative (average value of -12.6 per thousand) at the headstream of four rivers, but the delta13C(DIC) values of downstream water were more positive (with an average value of -9.4 per thousand). In addition, delta13C(DIC) of river water showed relatively negative values (the average value of delta13C(DIC) was -10.5 per thousand) near the estuary of the rivers. The variation of the DIC content and its carbon isotope suggested that the DIC sources of the rivers varied from the headstream to the river mouth. The negative delta13C(DIC) value indicated that the DIC may originate from the soil CO2 at the headstream of the rivers. On the other hand, the delta13C(DIC) values of river water at the middle and lower reaches of rivers were more positive, and it showed that soil CO2 produced by respiration of the C4 plants (like corn) and soil carbonates with positive delta13C values may be imported into river water. Meanwhile, the input of pollutants with low delta13C(DIC) values may result in a decrease of delta13C(DIC) values in the rivers. The study indicated that the DIC content and carbon isotope may be used to trace the sources of DIC in rivers around Xi'an City. Our study may provide some basic information for tracing the sources of DIC of rivers in the small watershed area in the Loess Plateau of China.

The Cathodoluminescence of Cleartran: A Novel Form of Polycrystalline ZnS.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-12-01

Temperature TO Transverse Optical UV Ultraviolet Vm= Micrometer 4_I xiI VS_ZI AFIT/DS/ENP/86-2 . - - Abstract Cathodolumine4cence studies were carried out...The results of these studies were compared to and contrasted with the cathodoluminescence of cvd ZnS samples grown by Raytheon and CVD Inc., with...luminogen impurity" (2:406). Since that time and until 1957, most II-VI compound research consisted of luminescence studies of ZnS (mostly phosphors) and

44 CFR 361.3 - Project description.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... return of economic stability; (xi) Secondary impacts, such as dam failures, toxic releases, etc.; and... as industrial concentrations, concentrations or occurrences of natural resources, financial/economic...

Scaling properties of hyperon production in Au+Au collisions at square root [sNN]=200 GeV.

PubMed

Adams, J; Aggarwal, M M; Ahammed, Z; Amonett, J; Anderson, B D; Anderson, M; Arkhipkin, D; Averichev, G S; Bai, Y; Balewski, J; Barannikova, O; Barnby, L S; Baudot, J; Bekele, S; Belaga, V V; Bellingeri-Laurikainen, A; Bellwied, R; Bezverkhny, B I; Bhardwaj, S; Bhasin, A; Bhati, A K; Bichsel, H; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, L C; Blyth, C O; Blyth, S-L; Bonner, B E; Botje, M; Bouchet, J; Brandin, A V; Bravar, A; Bystersky, M; Cadman, R V; Cai, X Z; Caines, H; Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M; Castillo, J; Catu, O; Cebra, D; Chajecki, Z; Chaloupka, P; Chattopadhyay, S; Chen, H F; Chen, J H; Chen, Y; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chikanian, A; Choi, H A; Christie, W; Coffin, J P; Cormier, T M; Cosentino, M R; Cramer, J G; Crawford, H J; Das, D; Das, S; Daugherity, M; de Moura, M M; Dedovich, T G; DePhillips, M; Derevschikov, A A; Didenko, L; Dietel, T; Djawotho, P; Dogra, S M; Dong, W J; Dong, X; Draper, J E; Du, F; Dunin, V B; Dunlop, J C; Dutta Mazumdar, M R; Eckardt, V; Edwards, W R; Efimov, L G; Emelianov, V; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Erazmus, B; Estienne, M; Fachini, P; Fatemi, R; Fedorisin, J; Filimonov, K; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fine, V; Fisyak, Y; Fu, J; Gagliardi, C A; Gaillard, L; Gans, J; Ganti, M S; Ghazikhanian, V; Ghosh, P; Gonzalez, J E; Gorbunov, Y G; Gos, H; Grebenyuk, O; Grosnick, D; Guertin, S M; Guimaraes, K S F F; Guo, Y; Gupta, N; Gutierrez, T D; Haag, B; Hallman, T J; Hamed, A; Harris, J W; He, W; Heinz, M; Henry, T W; Hepplemann, S; Hippolyte, B; Hirsch, A; Hjort, E; Hoffmann, G W; Horner, M J; Huang, H Z; Huang, S L; Hughes, E W; Humanic, T J; Igo, G; Jacobs, P; Jacobs, W W; Jakl, P; Jia, F; Jiang, H; Jones, P G; Judd, E G; Kabana, S; Kang, K; Kapitan, J; Kaplan, M; Keane, D; Kechechyan, A; Khodyrev, V Yu; Kim, B C; Kiryluk, J; Kisiel, A; Kislov, E M; Klein, S R; Koetke, D D; Kollegger, T; Kopytine, M; Kotchenda, L; Kouchpil, V; Kowalik, K L; Kramer, M; Kravtsov, P; Kravtsov, V I; Krueger, K; Kuhn, C; Kulikov, A I; Kumar, A; Kuznetsov, A A; Lamont, M A C; Landgraf, J M; Lange, S; Lapointe, S; Laue, F; Lauret, J; Lebedev, A; Lednicky, R; Lee, C-H; Lehocka, S; Levine, M J; Li, C; Li, Q; Li, Y; Lin, G; Lindenbaum, S J; Lisa, M A; Liu, F; Liu, H; Liu, J; Liu, L; Liu, Z; Ljubicic, T; Llope, W J; Long, H; Longacre, R S; Lopez-Noriega, M; Love, W A; Lu, Y; Ludlam, T; Lynn, D; Ma, G L; Ma, J G; Ma, Y G; Magestro, D; Mahapatra, D P; Majka, R; Mangotra, L K; Manweiler, R; Margetis, S; Markert, C; Martin, L; Matis, H S; Matulenko, Yu A; McClain, C J; McShane, T S; Melnick, Yu; Meschanin, A; Miller, M L; Minaev, N G; Mioduszewski, S; Mironov, C; Mischke, A; Mishra, D K; Mitchell, J; Mohanty, B; Molnar, L; Moore, C F; Morozov, D A; Munhoz, M G; Nandi, B K; Nattrass, C; Nayak, T K; Nelson, J M; Netrakanti, P K; Nikitin, V A; Nogach, L V; Nurushev, S B; Odyniec, G; Ogawa, A; Okorokov, V; Oldenburg, M; Olson, D; Pachr, M; Pal, S K; Panebratsev, Y; Panitkin, S Y; Pavlinov, A I; Pawlak, T; Peitzmann, T; Perevoztchikov, V; Perkins, C; Peryt, W; Petrov, V A; Phatak, S C; Picha, R; Planinic, M; Pluta, J; Poljak, N; Porile, N; Porter, J; Poskanzer, A M; Potekhin, M; Potrebenikova, E; Potukuchi, B V K S; Prindle, D; Pruneau, C; Putschke, J; Rakness, G; Raniwala, R; Raniwala, S; Ray, R L; Razin, S V; Reinnarth, J; Relyea, D; Retiere, F; Ridiger, A; Ritter, H G; Roberts, J B; Rogachevskiy, O V; Romero, J L; Rose, A; Roy, C; Ruan, L; Russcher, M J; Sahoo, R; Sakrejda, I; Salur, S; Sandweiss, J; Sarsour, M; Sazhin, P S; Schambach, J; Scharenberg, R P; Schmitz, N; Schweda, K; Seger, J; Selyuzhenkov, I; Seyboth, P; Shabetai, A; Shahaliev, E; Shao, M; Sharma, M; Shen, W Q; Shimanskiy, S S; Sichtermann, E; Simon, F; Singaraju, R N; Smirnov, N; Snellings, R; Sood, G; Sorensen, P; Sowinski, J; Speltz, J; Spinka, H M; Srivastava, B; Stadnik, A; Stanislaus, T D S; Stock, R; Stolpovsky, A; Strikhanov, M; Stringfellow, B; Suaide, A A P; Sugarbaker, E; Sumbera, M; Sun, Z; Surrow, B; Swanger, M; Symons, T J M; Szanto de Toledo, A; Tai, A; Takahashi, J; Tang, A H; Tarnowsky, T; Thein, D; Thomas, J H; Timmins, A R; Timoshenko, S; Tokarev, M; Trainor, T A; Trentalange, S; Tribble, R E; Tsai, O D; Ulery, J; Ullrich, T; Underwood, D G; Van Buren, G; van der Kolk, N; van Leeuwen, M; Vander Molen, A M; Varma, R; Vasilevski, I M; Vasiliev, A N; Vernet, R; Vigdor, S E; Viyogi, Y P; Vokal, S; Voloshin, S A; Waggoner, W T; Wang, F; Wang, G; Wang, J S; Wang, X L; Wang, Y; Watson, J W; Webb, J C; Westfall, G D; Wetzler, A; Whitten, C; Wieman, H; Wissink, S W; Witt, R; Wood, J; Wu, J; Xu, N; Xu, Q H; Xu, Z; Yepes, P; Yoo, I-K; Yurevich, V I; Zhan, W; Zhang, H; Zhang, W M; Zhang, Y; Zhang, Z P; Zhao, Y; Zhong, C; Zoulkarneev, R; Zoulkarneeva, Y; Zubarev, A N; Zuo, J X

2007-02-09

We present the scaling properties of Lambda, Xi, and Omega in midrapidity Au+Au collisions at the Brookhaven National Laboratory Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The yield of multistrange baryons per participant nucleon increases from peripheral to central collisions more rapidly than that of Lambda, indicating an increase of the strange-quark density of the matter produced. The strange phase-space occupancy factor gamma_{s} approaches unity for the most central collisions. Moreover, the nuclear modification factors of p, Lambda, and Xi are consistent with each other for 2

[Principle directions for the creation and organization of the system of sanitary-epidemiological safety during the preparations for the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi].

PubMed

Onishchenko, G G; Bragina, I V; Ezhlova, E B; Demina, V P; Gorskiĭ, A A; Gus'kov, A S; Aksenova, O I; Ivanov, G E; Klindukhov, V P; Nikolaevich, P N; Grechanaia, T B; Kulichenko, A N; Maletskaia, O V; Manin, E A; Parkhomenko, V V; Kulichenko, O A

2015-01-01

The paper generalizes the experience of formation of protection system against biological threats and ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare during preparation for the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi. The basic steps for creating this system, since 2007, participation and role of Rospotrebnadzor in this process are shown. The paper deals with such questions as the governmental and administrative structures with federal agencies interaction, development of a regulatory framework governing the safety system of the Olympic Games, development of algorithms of information exchange and management decisions, biological safety in developing infrastructure in Sochi.

[Improving prevention activities of infectious diseases during preparation and holding of the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi].

PubMed

Onishchenko, G G; Bragina, I V; Ezhlova, E B; Demina, Iu V; Grechanaia, T V; Nikolaevich, P N; Balaeva, M I; Tesheva, S Ch; Biriukov, V A; Kulichenko, A N; Vasilenko, N F; Maletskaia, O V; Manin, E A; Orobeĭ, V G

2015-01-01

The article presents data on the implementation of a set of preventive activities to ensure sanitation and epidemiological welfare during the XXII Olympic Winter Games and XI Paralympic Winter Games 2014 in Sochi. The importance of monitoring and evaluation of epidemiological risk, as the basis of formation of preventive measures is noticed. The questions of specific, and nonspecific prevention of infectious diseases, especially the work done during the pre-Olympic period are considered. The importance of specifically developed regulatory basis, and health education are emphasized. The conclusion about the effectiveness of the measures taken, which led to a significant reduction of infectious diseases in the region is made.

Expression, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of Bifidobacterium adolescentis xylose isomerase

PubMed Central

dos Reis, Caio Vinicius; Bernardes, Amanda; Polikarpov, Igor

2013-01-01

Xylose isomerase (EC 5.3.1.5) is a key enzyme in xylose metabolism which is industrially important for the transformation of glucose and xylose into fructose and xylulose, respectively. The Bifidobacterium adolescentis xylA gene (NC_008618.1) encoding xylose isomerase (XI) was cloned and the enzyme was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant XI was crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method with polyethylene glycol 3350 as the precipitating agent. A complete native data set was collected to 1.7 Å resolution using a synchrotron-radiation source. The crystals belonged to the orthorhombic space group P21212, with unit-cell parameters a = 88.78, b = 123.98, c = 78.63 Å. PMID:23695585

Parameter and Structure Inference for Nonlinear Dynamical Systems

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Morris, Robin D.; Smelyanskiy, Vadim N.; Millonas, Mark

2006-01-01

A great many systems can be modeled in the non-linear dynamical systems framework, as x = f(x) + xi(t), where f() is the potential function for the system, and xi is the excitation noise. Modeling the potential using a set of basis functions, we derive the posterior for the basis coefficients. A more challenging problem is to determine the set of basis functions that are required to model a particular system. We show that using the Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) to rank models, and the beam search technique, that we can accurately determine the structure of simple non-linear dynamical system models, and the structure of the coupling between non-linear dynamical systems where the individual systems are known. This last case has important ecological applications.

Sentinel Node Mapping Using Indocyanine Green and Near-infrared Fluorescence Imaging Technology for Uterine Malignancies: Preliminary Experience With the Da Vinci Xi System.

PubMed

Siesto, Gabriele; Romano, Fabrizio; Fiamengo, Barbara; Vitobello, Domenico

2016-01-01

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping has emerged as the new frontier for the surgical staging of apparently early-stage cervical and endometrial cancer. Different colorimetric and radioactive tracers, alone and in combination, have been proposed with encouraging results. Fluorometric mapping using indocyanine green (ICG) appears to be a suitable and attractive alternative to provide reliable staging [1-4]. In this video, we present the technique of SLN mapping in 2 cases (1 endometrial and 1 cervical cancer, respectively) using ICG and the near-infrared technology provided by the newest Da Vinci Xi robotic system (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA). Together we report the results of our preliminary experience on the first 20 cases performed. The new robotic Da Vinci Xi system was available at our institution since May 2015. Upon institutional review board/ethical committee approval, all consecutive patients with early-stage endometrial and cervical cancer who were judged suitable for robotic surgery have been enrolled for SLN mapping with ICG. We adopted the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center SLN algorithm; the tracer was delivered into the cervix in all cases. Four milliliters (1.25 mg/mL) of ICG was injected divided into the 3- and 9-o'clock positions of the cervix alone, with 1 mL deep into the stroma and 1 mL submucosally at the skin incision. Sentinel lymph nodes were examined with a protocol including both ultrastaging with immunohistochemistry [3] and 1-step nucleic acid amplification assay [5,6] under a parallel protocol of study. During the study period, 20 cases were managed; 14 and 6 patients had endometrial and cervical cancer, respectively. SLN was detected in all cases (20/20, 100%). Bilateral SLNs were detected in 17 of 20 (85.0%) cases. Based on preoperative and intraoperative findings, 13 (65.0%) patients received systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy after SLN mapping. Three (15.0%) patients had microscopic nodal metastases on SLN. No patients had positive regional nodes other than SLN. No perioperative complications were recorded. SLN mapping has been acknowledged by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines as a viable option for the management of selected uterine malignancies [7,8]. Currently, the near-infrared technology built in the Da Vinci Xi system provides an enhanced real-time imaging system that improves the advantages given by ICG. Together with our experience, these conditions indicate that SLN mapping is an effective and safe procedure with high overall detection and low false-negative rates. Copyright © 2016 AAGL. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.