Prostate Cancer in African-American Men: Serum Biomarkers for Early Detection Using Nanoparticles

DTIC Science & Technology

2008-11-01

breast cancer cells, Nanomedicine, (2008), 3(3), 283-292. 18 22. Shangguan, Dihua; Meng, Ling; Cao, Zehui Charles; Xiao, Zeyu; Fang, Xiaohong; Li...AD_________________ Award Number: W81XWH-06-1-0034 TITLE: Prostate Cancer in African-American Men...ORGANIZATION: Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa, FL 33612-9497 REPORT DATE: November 2008

Covariance Structure Model Fit Testing under Missing Data: An Application of the Supplemented EM Algorithm

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cai, Li; Lee, Taehun

2009-01-01

We apply the Supplemented EM algorithm (Meng & Rubin, 1991) to address a chronic problem with the "two-stage" fitting of covariance structure models in the presence of ignorable missing data: the lack of an asymptotically chi-square distributed goodness-of-fit statistic. We show that the Supplemented EM algorithm provides a…

Toward a Factor Analytic Definition of Academic Relevance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Permut, Steven E.

1974-01-01

Underlying factor structure of 10 concepts rated by 67 students in an introductory advertising course was examined. Dimensions of relevance were found to conform to results reported by Menges and Trumpeter (1971) suggesting the potential for a university of basic dimensions of educational relevance across diverse fields of learning. (Author/RC)

JPRS Report, China, Wang Meng’s ’Hard Thin Gruel’.

DTIC Science & Technology

1992-03-26

honey and chocolate, how could our national strength, our science, our technology, our arts, our sports, our housing, our education, our per capita car...bad and diarrhea is not better. If constipation happens, then cure the constipation; if diarrhea happens, then cure the diarrhea. It would be best if...especially Grandfather’s—expression. If Grandfather coughed once, Mother would immedi- ately start muttering, Is there sand in the gruel? Are the pickled

Intellectual Journeys in Faculty Development. Occasional Paper Number 14.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menges, Robert J., Ed.

A collection of six papers on faculty development concerns is presented. In "The Scholar-Practitioner Dilemma," Robert J. Menges notes the dual roles of scholarship and teaching that faculty members confront and introduces the topics that are addressed by the other authors. Attention is directed to the processes involved in intellectual work. In…

Making Projects Personal

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lusardi, Meng Li

2017-01-01

Meng Li Lusardi, a Chinese teacher at an independent school in New York, recently set out to provide her students with more personalized learning and assessment. In this article, Lusardi documents how she revamped a project with personalization in mind, which resulted in content-rich exploration and greater student engagement. The author's…

Predictive Modeling of Structural Sensing for Aerospace Applications

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-08-03

3rd European workshop on structural health monitoring, 5–7 July 2006, Granada , Spain. Castaings M, Le Clezio E and Hosten B (2002) Modal decom...monitoring. In: 3rd European workshop on structural health monitoring, 5–7 July 2006, Granada , Spain. Peng H, Meng G and Li F (2009) Modeling of wave propaga

Graphics Standards in the Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistic Support (CALS) Program, Fiscal Year 1989. Volume 1. Test Requirements Document and Extended CGM (CGEM)

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-07-01

at the firet meng in Munich, it was foyud isthere exis•s some avedap between the stated goals of• • DG Standards and t•e CGt e SG con ded t in cumin ... stressing importance of liaison and harmonization with closely related groups; Japan - making suggestions that the NWI and Requirements Document be improved

Age and context of the oldest known hominin fossils from Flores.

PubMed

Brumm, Adam; van den Bergh, Gerrit D; Storey, Michael; Kurniawan, Iwan; Alloway, Brent V; Setiawan, Ruly; Setiyabudi, Erick; Grün, Rainer; Moore, Mark W; Yurnaldi, Dida; Puspaningrum, Mika R; Wibowo, Unggul P; Insani, Halmi; Sutisna, Indra; Westgate, John A; Pearce, Nick J G; Duval, Mathieu; Meijer, Hanneke J M; Aziz, Fachroel; Sutikna, Thomas; van der Kaars, Sander; Flude, Stephanie; Morwood, Michael J

2016-06-09

Recent excavations at the early Middle Pleistocene site of Mata Menge in the So'a Basin of central Flores, Indonesia, have yielded hominin fossils attributed to a population ancestral to Late Pleistocene Homo floresiensis. Here we describe the age and context of the Mata Menge hominin specimens and associated archaeological findings. The fluvial sandstone layer from which the in situ fossils were excavated in 2014 was deposited in a small valley stream around 700 thousand years ago, as indicated by (40)Ar/(39)Ar and fission track dates on stratigraphically bracketing volcanic ash and pyroclastic density current deposits, in combination with coupled uranium-series and electron spin resonance dating of fossil teeth. Palaeoenvironmental data indicate a relatively dry climate in the So'a Basin during the early Middle Pleistocene, while various lines of evidence suggest the hominins inhabited a savannah-like open grassland habitat with a wetland component. The hominin fossils occur alongside the remains of an insular fauna and a simple stone technology that is markedly similar to that associated with Late Pleistocene H. floresiensis.

Quantifying Seasonal Skill In Coupled Sea Ice Models Using Freeboard Measurements From Spaceborne Laser Altimeters

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-06-01

Richter-Menge (2009), (b) Source: Jack Cook, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute. Four forcing mechanisms, as well as the Coriolis force, influence...changing Arctic environment which is critical to personnel safety, effective use of assets, and operational support (Arctic Roadmap 2014). 18 Canada...Navy to pursue continued Arctic presence, and maximize the effectiveness of the military operations assimilated with civilian science (Showstack 2013

Korean Immigration Commemorative Coin Act

THOMAS, 113th Congress

Rep. Andrews, Robert E. [D-NJ-1

2013-12-12

House - 02/27/2014 Ms. Meng asked unanimous consent that she be considered the first sponsor of H.R. 3729, a bill originally introduced by Representative Andrews of New Jersey, for the purposes of adding cosponsors and requesting reprintings pursuant to clause 7 or rule XII. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

The pre-Mesozoic tectonic unit division of the Xing-Meng orogenic belt (XMOB)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Bei; Zhao, Pan

2014-05-01

According to the viewpoint that the paleo-Asian ocean closed by the end of early Paleozoic and extended during the late Paleozoic, a pre-Mesozoic tectonic unit division has been suggested. Five blocks and four sutures have been recognized in the pre-Devonia stage, the five blocks are called Erguna (EB), Xing'an (XB), Airgin Sum-Xilinhot (AXB), Songliao-Hunshandak (SHB) and Jiamusi (JB) blocks and four sutures, Xinlin-Xiguitu (XXS), Airgin Sum-Xilinhot-Heihe (AXHS), Ondor Sum-Jizhong-Yanji (OJYS) and Mudanjiang (MS) sutures. The EB contains the Precambrian base with the ages of 720-850Ma and ɛHf(T)=+2.5to +8.1. The XB is characterized by the Paleoproterozoic granitic gneiss with ɛHf(T)=-3.9 to -8.9. Several ages from 1150 to 1500 Ma bave been acquired in the AXB, proving presence of old block that links with Hutag Uul block in Mongolia to the west. The Paleoproterozoic (1.8-1.9Ga) and Neoproterozoic (750-850Ma) ages have been reported from southern and eastern parts of the SHB, respectively. As a small block in east margin of the XMOB, the JB outcrops magmatite and granitic gneiss bases with ages of 800-1000Ma. The XXS is marked by blueschists with zircon ages of 490-500Ma in Toudaoqiao village, ophiolites in Xiguitu County and granite with ages of about 500Ma along the northern segment of XXS. The AXHS is characterized by the early Paleozoic arc magmatic rocks with ages from 430Ma to 490Ma, mélange and the late Devonia molass basins, which indicates a northward subduction of the SHB beneath the AXB during the early-middle Paleozoic. The OJYS is composed of the early Paleozoic volcanic rocks, diorites and granites with ages of 425-475Ma, blueschists, ophiolitic mélange, the late Silurian flysch and Early-Middle Devonian molasses in western segment, granites (420-450Ma) in middle segment, and plagiogranites (443Ma) and the late Silurian molasses in eastern segment. This suture was caused by a southward subduction of the SHB beneath the North China block. The MS is between the SHB and JB, marked by the three phase granites of 485, 450 and 425Ma in the SHB. Tectonic units of the middle Devonian-Carboniferous tectonic stage include the middle-late Devonian continental basin, Carboniferious continental and epeiric sea basin, intrusive and irruptive igneous rock belt with ages from 300Ma to 330Ma containing granites, diorites, gabbros and biomodal volcanic rocks, and early Carboniferious ophiolites of 330-350Ma in Hegenshan and Erenhot. The Permian tectonic units can be divided into continental rift belt, ophiolite belt, alkaline rock belt and "red sea"-like ocean basin, which indicates an continuous extension environment during the Permian. The continental rift belt is composed of thick continental sedimentary rocks containing plant fossils, biomodal volcanic rocks (270-290Ma). The alkaline rocks can be divided into north and south belts by their distribution. The Solonker ophiolite is a thrust sheet that is inserted in a thrust stack containing the Upper Carboniferious epeiric sea clastic rocks and carbornates. The "red sea"-like ocean basin is characterized by basalt sequences with ages of 246-260Ma, which shows an affinity to E-MORB and a tendency towards OIB.

How do you keep the music playing?

PubMed

Baumann, Steven L

2008-10-01

The classical Chinese philosophy of Confucius is here reconsidered in light of the current challenge of sustaining loving relationships not only in words but in actions, and providing a life worth living for frail older adults. The Ox Mountain Parable of Meng Tzu (Mencius) is described and linked to the nursing home reform movement known as "The Eden Alternative." Implications for nursing are considered.

The Ideals of Today’s Modernizing People’s Liberation Army

DTIC Science & Technology

2010-06-01

Government. IRB Protocol number ___N/A_____________. 12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited...was a tutor and teacher for the children of the de facto ruler of Lu, Meng Xizi, where he taught ritual etiquette observed at state religious...appropriately to one’s circumstances and role. One must observe the proper rituals, ceremonies, and protocols to promote social cohesion and individual

The Present of Environmental Psychology Researches in China: Base on the Bibliometric Analysis and Knowledge Mapping

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xu, Junhua; Wang, Qi; Zhu, Leiye; Qing, Wu; Jin, Meidong; Zhang, Rui; Wang, Haibin

2018-03-01

Environmental psychology is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the interplay between individuals and their surroundings. Chinese researchers conducted extensive research on the field and produced a wealth of academic achievements, especially on the application of environmental psychology, such as the protection of minority towns and villages and the prevention and solution of air pollution. To reveal the current situation of the researches in China, 388 related papers from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were analyzed by bibliometric and Knowledge Mapping. The results show that: (1) these studies stared since 1982 and demonstrated a year-on-year growth trend since 2001, which reaches a historical peak in 2016. Peiwen Zhan, Hu Zhao and Xiaofeng Lu top the list with a total of eighteen articles and Heilongjiang University is the best performer among the contributing organizations. (2)“Environmental Psychology” is the most frequently cited keywords and “Environmental perception”, “Physical environment” and “living environment” have the longest span of the bursts. the top seven largest clusters, which were environment, surroundings, application, privacy, environmental perception environmental art and physical environment.

National Center for Food Safety and Technology

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-05

on the Determination of Copper, Iron, Manganese and Zinc in Beef and Goat Liver American Chemical Society (ACS) – September, 2013 22. Meng Xu...addresses key food safety issues facing the country and supports the development of safe food with health-promoting properties from farm to fork. This...Reddy, Renate Reimschuessel. 2013. Proficiency Test on the Determination of Copper, Iron, Manganese and Zinc in Beef and Goat Liver American

A Simulation of High Latitude F-Layer Instabilities in the Presence of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling.

DTIC Science & Technology

1985-07-08

Equatorial spread F: recent observations and a new intepretation , J. Geophys. Res., 77, 5625, 1972. Basu, S., S. Basu, E. MacKenzie, W.R. Coley, W.B. Hanson...HOPKINS ROAD LAUREL, MD 20810 DR. R. GREENWALD DR. C. MENG UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 DR. N. ZABUSKY DR. M. BIONDI DR. E. OVERMAN 26 FILMED 9-85 DTIC RJa. I - rlt -6 ,I, a~l O -3

International Conference on the Science and Technology of Zirconia (ZrO2IV) (4th) Held in Anaheim, California on Nov 1-3, 1989

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-02-01

niobia-zirconia powder from freshly precipitated hydrous zirconia and niobium- Different ceria stabilized TZP ceram- ammonium oxalate . Zirconia powders...C :1RCONIA, Chen-Feng Kao and Tsu-Meng BY HYDROTHERMAL PRECIPITATION METHOD, S. P Fueng, Dept of Chemical Engineering, Somiya*, Nishi-Tokyo Univ...under Y increased with an increase of pH values. hydrothermal condition. Mixed solutions of b Drain size decreased and sintering density ZrOCl2, YCl 3

The Full Monte Carlo: A Live Performance with Stars

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Xiao-Li

2014-06-01

Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is being applied increasingly often in modern Astrostatistics. It is indeed incredibly powerful, but also very dangerous. It is popular because of its apparent generality (from simple to highly complex problems) and simplicity (the availability of out-of-the-box recipes). It is dangerous because it always produces something but there is no surefire way to verify or even diagnosis that the “something” is remotely close to what the MCMC theory predicts or one hopes. Using very simple models (e.g., conditionally Gaussian), this talk starts with a tutorial of the two most popular MCMC algorithms, namely, the Gibbs Sampler and the Metropolis-Hasting Algorithm, and illustratestheir good, bad, and ugly implementations via live demonstration. The talk ends with a story of how a recent advance, the Ancillary-Sufficient Interweaving Strategy (ASIS) (Yu and Meng, 2011, http://www.stat.harvard.edu/Faculty_Content/meng/jcgs.2011-article.pdf)reduces the danger. It was discovered almost by accident during a Ph.D. student’s (Yaming Yu) struggle with fitting a Cox process model for detecting changes in source intensity of photon counts observed by the Chandra X-ray telescope from a (candidate) neutron/quark star.

China Report, Agriculture, No. 260.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-06-09

Deep- Sea , Coastal Fishing (XINHUA, 2U May 83) 32 World Food Program To Aid PRC Dairy Industry (XINHUA, 28 May 83) 33 More on WFP Aid...PRC TO EXPAND DEEP- SEA , COASTAL FISHING OW241245 Beijing XINHUA in English 1159 GMT 24 May 83 [Text] Beijing, May 24 (XINHUA)—China will expand...fishing in the open seas while protecting, cultivating and rationally exploiting coastal resources, said Meng Xiande, director of the Aquatic

Rethinking Drug Treatment Approaches in ALS by Targeting ABC Efflux Transporters

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-12-01

for ALS patients. One of the problems in finding highly efficacious treatments in ALS may derive from the so far underestimated issue of disease... efficacy the SOD1-G93A ALS mice. 15. SUBJECT TERMS Drug resistance, ALS, Therapy, Riluzole, Drug Efflux Transporters 16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF...improves efficacy of ALS therapeutics Michael R. Jablonski1, Shashirekha S. Markandaiah1, Dena Jacob1, Ni J. Meng1, Ke Li2, Victoria Gennaro1, Angelo

China Report: Political, Sociological and Military Affairs.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-03-18

Production Brigade of Guangbao Commune in raising chickens and rabbits in a big way. We must mobilize the commune member house- holds to utilize...The state and the commune, production brigades, and production teams operate fish farms, some of which raise fry . Why not go ahead with raising fish...Wei Xinyi, Huang Yu, Yang Jike, Guo Tixiang, Meng Fulin, Hu Tan, Zhu Nong, Fang Shiliang, Wang Zenong, Pan Ezhang, Liu Zhengwen, Chen Tianren, Ma

Engaging Students via Innovative Military Useful Technologies

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-07-01

projects involved four additional M.Eng. students who are all finishing their degrees during the spring of 2013: Aniket Dash, Sunil Channapatna...Ravindrachar, Herat Gandhi, and Heesung Sohn. Aniket Dash and Sunil Channapatna Ravindrachar have worked with us on creating a way for unmanaged C++, C...16 and was able to get some simple Isis2 system calls working. In the spring semester, Aniket and Sunil have made very strong progress and are

JPRS Report, East Asia, Southeast Asia.

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-11-02

two general elections. It was beaten in all three state elections, but it registered a victory for the Kuching Municipality in both national...elections in the person of (Sim Kwan Meng) MP. Sibu Municipality was at one time conquered by the DAP, but only for one term, for its representative in... municipal election regis- trars indicate that 95 percent of the country’s barangays are "relatively peaceful" and ready for the 14 November elections

Nondestructive Testing and Target Identification

DTIC Science & Technology

2016-12-21

Dirichlet obstacle coated by a thin layer of non-absorbing media, IMA J. Appl. Math , 80, 1063-1098, (2015). Abstract: We consider the transmission...F. Cakoni, I. De Teresa, H. Haddar and P. Monk, Nondestructive testing of the delami- nated interface between two materials, SIAM J. Appl. Math ., 76...then they form a discrete set. 22. F. Cakoni, D. Colton, S. Meng and P. Monk, Steklov eigenvalues in inverse scattering, SIAM J. Appl. Math . 76, 1737

Applying High Resolution Imagery to Understand the Role of Dynamics in the Diminishing Arctic Sea Ice Cover

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-09-30

observations collected by the NASA Operation IceBridge (OIB) project, including high-resolution visible-band imagery (Onana et al., 2013), snow depth ( Newman et...2014; Farrell et al., 2015; Hutchings et al., 2015; Richter-Menge and Farrell, 2014), snow depth ( Newman et al., 2014; Webster et al., 2014), sea ice...with A. Mahoney , H. Eicken and C. Haas on an ONR-funded project "Mass balance of multi-year sea ice in the southern Beaufort Sea". This effort

Integrable Rosochatius deformations of the restricted soliton flows

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zhou Ruguang

2007-10-15

A method to construct integrable Rosochatius deformations of the restricted soliton flows in the setup of Lax formulation is presented. The integrable Rosochatius deformations of the restricted soliton flows such as the restricted Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur flow, the restricted Tu-Meng flow, the restricted Tu flow with Neumann-type constraints, and the restricted modified Korteweg-de Vries flow, together with their Lax representations, are presented. In addition, a Lax representation of the Jacobi-Rosochatius system is obtained.

Passive fire protection--a vital safety role.

PubMed

MacInnes, Callum; Rankin, Richard

2012-06-01

Callum Maclnnes BSc (Hons), AIFireE, an engineer at WSP UK--part of a global design engineering and management consultancy group specialising in property, transport and infrastructure, industry and environment projects--and his colleague, senior engineer, Richard Rankin CEng MEng (Hons) MIFireE, discuss the importance of passive fire protection in healthcare premises at a time when, due particularly to the difficult financial climate, many hospitals are undergoing upgrading and refurbishment, potentially affording an ideal opportunity to ensure that proper fire compartmentation measures are in place.

Localization under Adversary Misdirection

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-10-01

0.5 1 −1 −0.5 0 0.5 1 x [meters] y [m et er s ] (a) eadv = [0 0.05] (b) eadv= [0 0.36] ( c ) eadv = [0 1] Figure 18: Maximum distance...2009. [47] C . Meesookho, U. Mitra, and S . Narayanan. On energy-based acoustic source localization for sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Signal...Processing, 56(1):365–377, 2008. [48] C . Meng, Z. Ding, and S . Dasgupta. A semidefinite programming approach to source localization in wireless sensor

Team-Based Development of Medical Devices: An Engineering–Business Collaborative

PubMed Central

Eberhardt, Alan W.; Johnson, Ophelia L.; Kirkland, William B.; Dobbs, Joel H.; Moradi, Lee G.

2016-01-01

There is a global shift in the teaching methodology of science and engineering toward multidisciplinary, team-based processes. To meet the demands of an evolving technical industry and lead the way in engineering education, innovative curricula are essential. This paper describes the development of multidisciplinary, team-based learning environments in undergraduate and graduate engineering curricula focused on medical device design. In these programs, students actively collaborate with clinicians, professional engineers, business professionals, and their peers to develop innovative solutions to real-world problems. In the undergraduate senior capstone courses, teams of biomedical engineering (BME) and business students have produced and delivered numerous functional prototypes to satisfied clients. Pursuit of commercialization of devices has led to intellectual property (IP) disclosures and patents. Assessments have indicated high levels of success in attainment of student learning outcomes and student satisfaction with their undergraduate design experience. To advance these projects toward commercialization and further promote innovative team-based learning, a Master of Engineering (MEng) in Design and Commercialization was recently launched. The MEng facilitates teams of graduate students in engineering, life sciences, and business who engage in innovation-commercialization (IC) projects and coursework that take innovative ideas through research and development (R&D) to create marketable devices. The activities are structured with students working together as a “virtual company,” with targeted outcomes of commercialization (license agreements and new start-ups), competitive job placement, and/or career advancement. PMID:26902869

Full genome analysis of swine genotype 3 hepatitis E virus isolated from eastern China.

PubMed

Shuai, Jiang-Bing; Li, Lu-Huan; Li, Ai-Yun; He, Yong-Qiang; Zhang, Xiao-Feng

2017-06-01

Hepatitis E is believed to occur in both endemic and sporadic forms in developing countries, which causes a major public health problem in Asia and Africa (Meng, 2010; Wang et al., 2016a). Recent studies have documented that the disease is also endemic in many industrialized countries (Wenzel et al., 2011). The causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV), belonging to the genus Orthohepevirus, is a non-enveloped RNA virus with a single-stranded, positive-sense genome of approximately 7.2 kb (Smith et al., 2014). The genome consists of a short 5' un-translated region (UTR), three open reading frames (ORFs), and a 3' UTR containing a poly(A) tail (Meng, 2011). Four recognized major genotypes of HEV are identified: genotype 1 (Asian and African strains), genotype 2 (a Mexican strain), genotype 3 (primarily from America and Europe, and some Asian countries), and genotype 4 (mainly Asian strains) (Smith et al., 2016). Previous study revealed that HEV genotype 4 is the dominant zoonotic HEV genotype in China (Wang et al., 2016a). However, infections with HEV 3 have been found more commonly in recent years in China (Liu et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2013). To date, only one full genome of Chinese swine genotype 3 HEV strain from Shanghai has been documented (Si et al., 2009). We report here the first full genome sequence of a genotype 3 swine HEV strain from Zhejiang, China.

Team-Based Development of Medical Devices: An Engineering-Business Collaborative.

PubMed

Eberhardt, Alan W; Johnson, Ophelia L; Kirkland, William B; Dobbs, Joel H; Moradi, Lee G

2016-07-01

There is a global shift in the teaching methodology of science and engineering toward multidisciplinary, team-based processes. To meet the demands of an evolving technical industry and lead the way in engineering education, innovative curricula are essential. This paper describes the development of multidisciplinary, team-based learning environments in undergraduate and graduate engineering curricula focused on medical device design. In these programs, students actively collaborate with clinicians, professional engineers, business professionals, and their peers to develop innovative solutions to real-world problems. In the undergraduate senior capstone courses, teams of biomedical engineering (BME) and business students have produced and delivered numerous functional prototypes to satisfied clients. Pursuit of commercialization of devices has led to intellectual property (IP) disclosures and patents. Assessments have indicated high levels of success in attainment of student learning outcomes and student satisfaction with their undergraduate design experience. To advance these projects toward commercialization and further promote innovative team-based learning, a Master of Engineering (MEng) in Design and Commercialization was recently launched. The MEng facilitates teams of graduate students in engineering, life sciences, and business who engage in innovation-commercialization (IC) projects and coursework that take innovative ideas through research and development (R&D) to create marketable devices. The activities are structured with students working together as a "virtual company," with targeted outcomes of commercialization (license agreements and new start-ups), competitive job placement, and/or career advancement.

Scheme for implementing 1 → M symmetric economical phase-covariant telecloning based on quantum logic network

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhou, Yan-Hui; Wang, Lei

2012-04-01

The quantum logic network to implement 1 → M symmetric economical phase-covariant telecloning is presented. The scheme includes two parts: the first part is used to create the telecloning channel and the second part to teleport the input state. The telecloning channel which works without ancilla is constructed by two kinds of elementary unitary transformations, single-qubit rotation and multiple-qubit controlled operation. The probability of success is 50%, which is the same with the scheme in [Meng, F.Y.; Zhu, A.D. J. Mod. Opt. 2009, 56, 1255-1259].

VizieR Online Data Catalog: 24um excesses in clusters & membership of NGC2244 (Meng+, 2017)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, H. Y. A.; Rieke, G. H.; Su, K. Y. L.; Gaspar, A.

2017-09-01

We re-measured the Spitzer/MIPS 24um photometry for all the clusters except for a few noted in Appendix A. We obtained the 24um data from the Spitzer Heritage Archive between 2004 Jan 28 and 2008 Oct 23. (3 data files).

Dark energy models through nonextensive Tsallis' statistics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barboza, Edésio M.; Nunes, Rafael da C.; Abreu, Everton M. C.; Ananias Neto, Jorge

2015-10-01

The accelerated expansion of the Universe is one of the greatest challenges of modern physics. One candidate to explain this phenomenon is a new field called dark energy. In this work we have used the Tsallis nonextensive statistical formulation of the Friedmann equation to explore the Barboza-Alcaniz and Chevalier-Polarski-Linder parametric dark energy models and the Wang-Meng and Dalal vacuum decay models. After that, we have discussed the observational tests and the constraints concerning the Tsallis nonextensive parameter. Finally, we have described the dark energy physics through the role of the q-parameter.

Neolinoptes gen. n., a replacement name for the net-winged beetle genus Linoptes Gorham, 1884 and a new species of Lycomorphon from Guyana (Coleoptera: Lycidae).

PubMed

Nascimento, Elynton Alves DO; Bocakova, Milada

2017-01-09

Neolinoptes gen. n. is erected to replace Linoptes Gorham, 1884, preoccupied by Linoptes Menge, 1854 (Arachnida: Araneae). Consequently, Neolinoptes imbrex (Gorham, 1884) comb. n., N. amazonicus (Pic, 1923) comb. n., N. atronotatus (Pic, 1922) comb. n., N. atripennis (Pic, 1932) comb. n. are proposed. Calocladon rubidum Gorham, 1884 is transferred to Neolinoptes. Lycomorphon iwokrama sp. n. is proposed as new to science and the genus is recorded from Guyana for the first time. Additionally, Falsocaenia irregularis var. germaini Pic, 1931 is elevated to species rank and past confusion on F. irregularis discussed. New data on geographical distribution of Falsocaenia paranana (Pic, 1922) are presented.

Crust and lithosphere structure in the eastern segment of the Xing-Meng orogenic belt from S-receiver function

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, R.; Wu, Q.

2013-12-01

From 2009 to 2011, a 60 station broadband seismic array extending over 1200km was deployed in northeast China (NEC) by the Institute of geophysics, China Earthquake Administration (CEA). The recently linear deployment of seismic array in Northeast China (NEC) facilitated collection of more high-quality broadband data, thus provide us an opportunity to use S-wave receiver functions to investigate its crustal and mantle lithosphere structure with high resolution. Two distinct signals with large amplitude can be identified in our imaged S receiver functions. The strong positive one from the Moho can be observed continuously at depths from 40 km beneath Great Xing'an Range to less than 30 km beneath the Songliao Basin. The imaged Moho agrees with previous estimate of crustal thickness, and the lateral variations correlate to its surface tomography. The deep negative Sp phase interpreted as from the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) is as shallow as ~100km in the Songliao basin, down to 140-160km in the westward of Xingmeng block. The boundary is less prominent east of the Songliao Basin. The imaged Moho and LAB structure indicate the crust and lithosphere thinning in the Songliao Basin, and the vertical thinning of LAB is more obvious, evidence in a depth variation up to 50 km. The Songliao Basin is a continental rifting where a large amount of extension occurs, and the coupling of thinning between in the crust and underlying lithosphere indicated that the lithosphere stretching may be involved to the crustal rifting. The stretching can be more explained by the pure shear regime proposed in extensional tectonics. Acknowledgments. Seismic data were collected by the by the Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration. This work was supported by the NSF of China (grants 40974061, 90814013), the Chinese government's executive program (SinoProbe-02-03) and the international cooperation project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2011DFB20120).

Benchmarking Defmod, an open source FEM code for modeling episodic fault rupture

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Chunfang

2017-03-01

We present Defmod, an open source (linear) finite element code that enables us to efficiently model the crustal deformation due to (quasi-)static and dynamic loadings, poroelastic flow, viscoelastic flow and frictional fault slip. Ali (2015) provides the original code introducing an implicit solver for (quasi-)static problem, and an explicit solver for dynamic problem. The fault constraint is implemented via Lagrange Multiplier. Meng (2015) combines these two solvers into a hybrid solver that uses failure criteria and friction laws to adaptively switch between the (quasi-)static state and dynamic state. The code is capable of modeling episodic fault rupture driven by quasi-static loadings, e.g. due to reservoir fluid withdraw or injection. Here, we focus on benchmarking the Defmod results against some establish results.

Effect of Apixaban Versus Warfarin Use on Health Care Resource Utilization and Costs Among Elderly Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation.

PubMed

Deitelzweig, Steven; Luo, Xuemei; Gupta, Kiran; Trocio, Jeffrey; Mardekian, Jack; Curtice, Tammy; Lingohr-Smith, Melissa; Menges, Brandy; Lin, Jay

2017-11-01

apixaban versus warfarin ($17,077 vs. $20,236, P < 0.001). After PSM, 14,214 patients were matched, with 7,107 in each cohort. Mean age, CCI score, and stroke and bleeding risks were similar between matched cohorts, as were total all-cause health care costs during the baseline period. During the follow-up among matched cohorts, apixaban versus warfarin treatment was associated with higher annual pharmacy costs ($5,159 vs. $2,867, P < 0.001) but lower annual inpatient ($8,327 vs. $14,296, P < 0.001), outpatient ($9,655 vs. $11,469, P < 0.001), and total all-cause health care costs ($23,141 vs. $28,633, P < 0.001), which were reflective of lower inpatient, outpatient, and all-cause HCRU among apixaban-treated patients. Furthermore, bleeding-related ($2,101 vs. $3,963, P < 0.001) and stroke-related ($652 vs. $1,178, P = 0.001) annual medical costs were lower for patients treated with apixaban versus warfarin. After controlling for differences in patient characteristics, in the real-world setting apixaban versus warfarin use was associated with less HCRU and lower total all-cause health care costs and costs for bleeding- and stroke-related medical services, but greater pharmacy costs, among elderly NVAF patients. This study was sponsored by Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb. Deitelzweig is a consultant for Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb and has served on their advisory boards and received speaker fees. Deitelzweig also serves as consultant and advisory board member to Portola and Janssen. Luo, Trocio, and Mardekian are employees of Pfizer and own stock in the company. Gupta and Curtice are employees of Bristol-Myers Squibb and own stock in the company. Lingohr-Smith, Menges, and Lin are employees of Novosys Health, which received research funds from Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb to conduct this study and develop the manuscript. Study concept and design were primarily contributed by Deitelzweig, Luo, and Gupta, along with Trocio, Mardekian, Curtice, and Lin. Lin, Menges, and

Lattice effects of surface cell: Multilayer multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree study on surface scattering of CO/Cu(100)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Qingyong; Meyer, Hans-Dieter

2017-05-01

To study the scattering of CO off a movable Cu(100) surface, extensive multilayer multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) calculations are performed based on the SAP [R. Marquardt et al., J. Chem. Phys. 132, 074108 (2010)] potential energy surface in conjunction with a recently developed expansion model [Q. Meng and H.-D. Meyer, J. Chem. Phys. 143, 164310 (2015)] for including lattice motion. The surface vibration potential is constructed by a sum of Morse potentials where the parameters are determined by simulating the vibrational energies of a clean Cu(100) surface. Having constructed the total Hamiltonian, extensive dynamical calculations in both time-independent and time-dependent schemes are performed. Two-layer MCTDH (i.e., normal MCTDH) block-improved-relaxations (time-independent scheme) show that increasing the number of included surface vibrational dimensions lets the vibrational energies of CO/Cu(100) decrease for the frustrated translation (T mode), which is of low energy but increase those of the frustrated rotation (R mode) and the CO-Cu stretch (S mode), whose vibrational energies are larger than the energies of the in-plane surface vibrations (˜79 cm-1). This energy-shifting behavior was predicted and discussed by a simple model in our previous publication [Q. Meng and H.-D. Meyer, J. Chem. Phys. 143, 164310 (2015)]. By the flux analysis of the MCTDH/ML-MCTDH propagated wave packets, we calculated the sticking probabilities for the X + 0D, X + 1D, X + 3D, X + 5D, and X + 15D systems, where "X" stands for the used dimensionality of the CO/rigid-surface system and the second entry denotes the number of surface degrees of freedom included. From these sticking probabilities, the X + 5D/15D calculations predict a slower decrease of sticking with increasing energy as compared to the sticking of the X + 0D/1D/3D calculations. This is because the translational energy of CO is more easily transferred to surface vibrations, when the vibrational

A closer look on the polyhydroxybutyrate- (PHB-) negative phenotype of Ralstonia eutropha PHB-4.

PubMed

Raberg, Matthias; Voigt, Birgit; Hecker, Michael; Steinbüchel, Alexander

2014-01-01

The undefined poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)- (PHB-) negative mutant R. eutropha PHB-4 was generated in 1970 by 1-nitroso-3-nitro-1-methylguanidine (NMG) treatment. Although being scientific relevant, its genotype remained unknown since its isolation except a recent first investigation. In this study, the mutation causing the PHA-negative phenotype of R. eutropha PHB-4 was confirmed independently: sequence analysis of the phaCAB operon identified a G320A mutation in phaC yielding a stop codon, leading to a massively truncated PhaC protein of 106 amino acids (AS) in R. eutropha PHB-4 instead of 589 AS in the wild type. No other mutations were observed within the phaCAB operon. As further mutations probably occurred in the genome of mutant PHB-4 potentially causing secondary effects on the cells' metabolism, the main focus of the study was to perform a 2D PAGE-based proteome analysis in order to identify differences in the proteomes of the wild type and mutant PHB-4. A total of 20 differentially expressed proteins were identified which provide valuable insights in the metabolomic changes of mutant PHB-4. Besides excretion of pyruvate, mutant PHB-4 encounters the accumulation of intermediates such as pyruvate and acetyl-CoA by enhanced expression of the observed protein species: (i) ThiJ supports biosynthesis of cofactor TPP and thereby reinforces the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complexes as PDHC, ADHC and OGDHC in order to convert pyruvate at a higher rate and the (ii) 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase LeuB3 apparently directs pyruvate to synthesis of several amino acids. Different (iii) acylCoA-transferases enable transfer reactions between organic acid intermediates, and (iv) citrate lyase CitE4 regenerates oxaloacetate from citrate for conversion with acetyl-CoA in the TCC in an anaplerotic reaction. Substantial amounts of reduction equivalents generated in the TCC are countered by (v) synthesis of more ubiquinones due to enhanced synthesis of MenG2 and MenG3, thereby

A Closer Look on the Polyhydroxybutyrate- (PHB-) Negative Phenotype of Ralstonia eutropha PHB-4

PubMed Central

Raberg, Matthias; Voigt, Birgit; Hecker, Michael; Steinbüchel, Alexander

2014-01-01

The undefined poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)- (PHB-) negative mutant R. eutropha PHB-4 was generated in 1970 by 1-nitroso-3-nitro-1-methylguanidine (NMG) treatment. Although being scientific relevant, its genotype remained unknown since its isolation except a recent first investigation. In this study, the mutation causing the PHA-negative phenotype of R. eutropha PHB-4 was confirmed independently: sequence analysis of the phaCAB operon identified a G320A mutation in phaC yielding a stop codon, leading to a massively truncated PhaC protein of 106 amino acids (AS) in R. eutropha PHB-4 instead of 589 AS in the wild type. No other mutations were observed within the phaCAB operon. As further mutations probably occurred in the genome of mutant PHB-4 potentially causing secondary effects on the cells' metabolism, the main focus of the study was to perform a 2D PAGE-based proteome analysis in order to identify differences in the proteomes of the wild type and mutant PHB-4. A total of 20 differentially expressed proteins were identified which provide valuable insights in the metabolomic changes of mutant PHB-4. Besides excretion of pyruvate, mutant PHB-4 encounters the accumulation of intermediates such as pyruvate and acetyl-CoA by enhanced expression of the observed protein species: (i) ThiJ supports biosynthesis of cofactor TPP and thereby reinforces the 2-oxoacid dehydrogenase complexes as PDHC, ADHC and OGDHC in order to convert pyruvate at a higher rate and the (ii) 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase LeuB3 apparently directs pyruvate to synthesis of several amino acids. Different (iii) acylCoA-transferases enable transfer reactions between organic acid intermediates, and (iv) citrate lyase CitE4 regenerates oxaloacetate from citrate for conversion with acetyl-CoA in the TCC in an anaplerotic reaction. Substantial amounts of reduction equivalents generated in the TCC are countered by (v) synthesis of more ubiquinones due to enhanced synthesis of MenG2 and MenG3, thereby

Violence and desire in Beijing: a young Chinese woman's strategies of resistance in father daughter incest and dating relationships.

PubMed

Xiying Wang; Ho, Petula Sik Ying

2007-12-01

In Mainland China, there is a lack of public awareness of and systematic research on dating violence and incest. This article fills a gap in the research in this area by examining a woman's lived experience of father-daughter incest and dating violence. The article adopts the standpoint of third-wave feminists and highlights women's agency and resistance to abuse. Meng Xi, the subject of the case study in this article, is regarded as a "survivor" rather than a "victim," and her various strategies of resistance--in particular, how she talks about her body and linghun (intelligence soul), and uses the two as sites of resistance--are examined. The article sheds light on the desire and sexuality of women in contemporary China, and especially the struggle between spiritual and material pursuits.

Alcohol advertising and youth.

PubMed

Martin, Susan E; Snyder, Leslie B; Hamilton, Mark; Fleming-Milici, Fran; Slater, Michael D; Stacy, Alan; Chen, Meng-Jinn; Grube, Joel W

2002-06-01

This article presents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2001 Research Society on Alcoholism meeting in Montreal, Canada. The symposium was organized and chaired by Joel W. Grube. The presentations and presenters were (1) Introduction and background, by Susan E. Martin; (2) The effect of alcohol ads on youth 15-26 years old, by Leslie Snyder, Mark Hamilton, Fran Fleming-Milici, and Michael D. Slater; (3) A comparison of exposure to alcohol advertising and drinking behavior in elementary versus middle school children, by Phyllis L. Ellickson and Rebecca L. Collins; (4) USC health and advertising project: assessment study on alcohol advertisement memory and exposure, by Alan Stacy; and (5) TV beer and soft drink advertising: what young people like and what effects? by Meng-Jinn Chen and Joel W. Grube.

The structure of EAP-groups and self-autopermutable subgroups.

PubMed

Housieni, Shima; Moghaddam, Mohammad Reza Rajabzadeh

2014-01-01

A subgroup H of a given group G is said to be autopermutable, if HH(α) = H(α)H for all α ∈ Aut(G). We also call H a self-autopermutable subgroup of G, when HH(α) = H(α)H implies that H(α) = H. Moreover, G is said to be EAP-group, if every subgroup of G is autopermutable. One notes that if α runs over the inner automorphisms of the group, one obtains the notions of conjugate-permutability, self-conjugate-permutability, and ECP-groups, which were studied by Foguel in 1997, Li and Meng in 2007, and Xu and Zhang in 2005, respectively. In the present paper, we determine the structure of a finite EAP-group when its centre is of index 4 in G. We also show that self-autopermutability and characteristic properties are equivalent for nilpotent groups.

Viele Tests - viele Fehler?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tabelow, Karsten

Bildgebende Verfahren haben sich in den letzten Jahren einen festen Platz in der Medizin erobert und die medizinische Forschung und Diagnostik revolutioniert. Sie ermöglichen Ärzten und Forschern einen Einblick in lebendes Gewebe. Mit der fortschreitenden technischen Entwicklung liefern die Verfahren immer höhere Auflösungen, schärfere Bilder und mehr Details. Bildgebende Verfahren sind ohne Mathematik undenkbar, von der Bildrekonstruktion aus den gemessenen Signalen, bis hin zur Auswertung der Bildinformation. Für die Analyse der großen Menge an Bilddatenpunkten (Voxel, volume element, im Gegensatz zum zweidimensionalen Pixel, picture element) werden häufig insbesondere Methoden der mathematischen Statistik benötigt. Zufällige Fehler in der Messung äußern sich als Bildrauschen, die Bilder wirken unscharf und gestört. Dadurch werden diagnostische Entscheidungen erschwert.

UV Observations of Hemispheric Asymmetry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schaefer, R. K.; Paxton, L. J.; Wolven, B. C.; Zhang, Y.; Romeo, G.

2015-12-01

Asymmetry in the auroral patterns can be an important diagnostic for understanding the dynamics of solar wind interaction with the magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere system (e.g., Newel and Meng, 1998; Fillingrim et al., 2005). Molecular nitrogen emission in the UV Lyman-Birge-Hopfield bands can be used to determine energy flux and electron mean energy (Sotirelis, et al, 2013) and thereby Hall and Pederson integrated conductances (Gjerloev, et al., 2014). UV imagery provided by the 4 SSUSI instruments on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F16-F19 spacecraft provide two dimensional maps of this emission at different local times. Often there are near simultaneous observations of both poles by some combination of the satellites. (see figure 1) The SSUSI auroral data products are well suited to this study, as they have the following features.: - dayglow has been subtracted on dayside aurora - electron energy flux and mean energy are pre-calculated - individual arcs have been identified through image processing. In order to intercompare data from multiple satellites, we must first ensure that the instrument calibrations are consistent. In this work we show that the instruments are consistently calibrated, and that results generated from the SSUSI data products can be trusted. Several examples of storm time asymmetries captured by the SSUSI instruments will be discussed. Fillingim, M. O., G. K. Parks, H. U. Frey, T. J. Immel, and S. B. Mende (2005), Hemispheric asymmetry of the afternoon electron aurora, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L03113, doi:10.1029/2004GL021635. Gjerloev, J., Schaefer, R., Paxton, L, and Zhang, Y. (2014), A comprehensive empirical model of the ionospheric conductivity derived from SSUSI/GUVI, SuperMAG and SuperDARN data, SM51G-4339, Fall 2014 AGU meeting, San Francisco. Newell, P. T., and C.-I. Meng (1988), Hemispherical asymmetry in cusp precipitation near solstices, J. Geophys. Res., 93(A4), 2643-2648, doi:10.1029/JA093iA04p02643

Crystal chemistry of hydrous phases in the Al2O3-Fe2O3-H2O system: implications for water cycle in the deep lower mantle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, L.

2016-12-01

Hydrous minerals play an important role in the transportation and storage of water in the Earth's interior. Recently a pyrite-structured iron oxide (FeO2) (P-phase) was found stable at 76 GPa and 1800 K [1] and this discovery has brought new insights into the H2-O2 cycles in the deep mantle. In this study, we perform in situ synchrotron X-ray experiments in the Al2O3-Fe2O3-H2O system in a laser-heated diamond anvil cell (DAC) at P-T conditions in the deep lower mantle. The new results added more complexity to the H2-O2/H2O cycles in the deep lower mantle. The symmetry and unit-cell parameters of each phase in the run products were determined using the multigrain approach [2]. On the other hand, the d-H solid solution AlOOH-MgSiO2(OH)2 is the stable hydrous phase coexisting with bridgmanite or post-perovskite under equilibrium P-T conditions to the deepest lower mantle [3]. The detailed crystal chemistry of the newly found hydrous phases and its relations to the d-H phase have been investigated using both first-principles calculations and experiments, providing new understanding to the hydration mechanism and water storage in the deep mantle. It is worth mentioning that recent development in high pressure multigrain method has realized separation of each individual phase in a multiphase assemblage and even allowed in situ crystal structure determination of a minor phase in the assemblage contained in a DAC [4]. [1] Q. Hu, D. Y. Kim, W. Yang, L. Yang, Y. Meng, L. Zhang, and H. K. Mao, Nature 534, 241 (2016). [2] H. O. Sørensen et al., Zeitschrift für Kristallographie 227, 63 (2012). [3] I. Ohira, E. Ohtani, T. Sakai, M. Miyahara, N. Hirao, Y. Ohishi, and M. Nishijima, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 401, 12 (2014). [4] L. Zhang, D. Popov, Y. Meng, J. Wang, C. Ji, B. Li, and H.-k. Mao, American Mineralogist 101, 231 (2016).

Some low-altitude cusp dependencies on the interplanetary magnetic field

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Newell, Patrick T.; Meng, CHING-I.; Sibeck, David G.; Lepping, Ronald

1989-01-01

The low-altitude cusp dependencies on the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) were investigated using the algorithm of Newell and Meng (1988) to identify the cusp proper. The algorithm was applied to 12,569 high-latitude dayside passes of the DMSP F7 spacecraft, and the resulting cusp positioning data were correlated with the IMF. It was found that the cusp latitudinal position correlated reasonably well (0.70) with the Bz component when the IMF had a southward component. The correlation for the northward Bz component was only 0.18, suggestive of a half-wave rectifier effect. The ratio of cusp ion number flux precipitation for Bz southward to that for Bz northward was 1.75 + or - 0.12. The statistical local time widths of the cusp proper for the northward and the southward Bz components were found to be 2.1 h and 2.8 h, respectively.

Dynamics of Aerosol Particles in Stationary, Isotropic Turbulence

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Collins, Lance R.; Meng, Hui

2004-01-01

A detailed study of the dynamics of sub-Kolmogorov-size aerosol particles in stationary isotropic turbulence has been performed. The study combined direct numerical simulations (DNS; directed by Prof. Collins) and high-resolution experimental measurements (directed by Prof. Meng) under conditions of nearly perfect geometric and parametric overlap. The goal was to measure the accumulation of particles in low-vorticity regions of the flow that arises from the effect commonly referred to as preferential concentration. The grant technically was initiated on June 13, 2000; however, funding was not available until July 11, 2000. The grant was originally awarded to Penn State University (numerical simulations) and SUNY-Buffalo (experiments); however, Prof. Collins effort was moved to Cornell University on January 2002 when he joined that university. He completed the study there. A list of the specific tasks that were completed under this study is presented.

Currently available medical engineering degrees in the UK. Part 1: Undergraduate degrees.

PubMed

Joyce, T

2009-05-01

This paper reviews mechanical-engineering-based medical engineering degrees which are currently provided at undergraduate level in the UK. At present there are 14 undergraduate degree programmes in medical engineering, offered by the University of Bath, University of Birmingham, University of Bradford, Cardiff University, University of Hull, Imperial College London, University of Leeds, University of Nottingham, University of Oxford, Queen Mary University of London, University of Sheffield, University of Southampton, University of Surrey, and Swansea University. All these undergraduate courses are delivered on a full-time basis, both 3 year BEng and 4 year MEng degrees. Half of the 14 degree courses share a core first 2 years with a mechanical engineering stream. The other seven programmes include medical engineering modules earlier in their degrees. Within the courses, a very wide range of medical-engineering-related modules are offered, although more common modules include biomaterials, biomechanics, and anatomy and physiology.

Leong, K.M. (Ed.). The Petroleum Geology and Resources of Malaysia ISBN 983-9738-10-0 . Petronas (Petroliam Nasional Berhad), Kualar Lumpur 2000, A4 size, 665 pages (U.S. $100 + postage (2.5 kg)), hyperlinkhttp://www.petronas.com.my

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Murphy, Richard W.; Hutchison, Charles S.

2001-08-01

This 27-chapter volume is a comprehensive review of the petroleum geology of a significant Southeast Asian oil-producing country. The authors are predominantly from Petronas (20) with contributions by Shell (2) and the University of Malaya (1). The whole manuscript was reviewed by Dick Selley and coordinated by Leong Khee Meng. Foremost among the authors is Dr Mazlan Hj. Madon, whose byline is found on 14 chapters and whose guiding hand can be recognised throughout the book. In addition to in-house reports, Petronas has drawn on oil company work, resulting both from exploration activities on PSCs and from regional assessments, based on public domain and proprietary data. The companies involved include Esso, Shell, Mobil, Sun, Texaco, Conoco, Oxy, Triton, OPIC, Idemitsu, Nippon Oil, Elf, Hall-Houston and Western Mining. The volume is a remarkable tribute to the progress made by the Malaysian National Oil Company in the 25 years since the granting of its initial charter in 1974.

The Tranisiting Dust of Boyajian's Star

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bodman, Eva; Ellis, Tyler G.; Boyajian, Tabetha S.; Wright, Jason

2018-06-01

From May to October of 2017, Boyajian's Star displayed four days-long dips in observed flux, which are referred to as “Elsie,” “Celeste,” “Skara Brae,” and “Angkor” (Boyajian et al. 2018). This Elsie family dip event was monitored with the Las Cumbres Observatory in three bands, B, r', and i'. Looking at each dip individually, we analyze the multi-band photometry for wavelength dependency in dip depth to constrain properties of the transiting material. We find that all of the dips show non-grey extinction and are consistent with optically thin dust. Interpreting the dips as transiting dust clouds, we constrain the properties of the dust grains and find that the average grain radius is <1 micron, assuming silicate composition. This wavelength dependency and grain size is inconsistent with observed properties of the long-term “secular” dimming (Meng et al. 2017), suggesting that the dust causing the dips is from a separate population.

Frequency-domain multiscale quantum mechanics/electromagnetics simulation method

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Meng, Lingyi; Yin, Zhenyu; Yam, ChiYung, E-mail: yamcy@yangtze.hku.hk, E-mail: ghc@everest.hku.hk

A frequency-domain quantum mechanics and electromagnetics (QM/EM) method is developed. Compared with the time-domain QM/EM method [Meng et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 8, 1190–1199 (2012)], the newly developed frequency-domain QM/EM method could effectively capture the dynamic properties of electronic devices over a broader range of operating frequencies. The system is divided into QM and EM regions and solved in a self-consistent manner via updating the boundary conditions at the QM and EM interface. The calculated potential distributions and current densities at the interface are taken as the boundary conditions for the QM and EM calculations, respectively, which facilitate themore » information exchange between the QM and EM calculations and ensure that the potential, charge, and current distributions are continuous across the QM/EM interface. Via Fourier transformation, the dynamic admittance calculated from the time-domain and frequency-domain QM/EM methods is compared for a carbon nanotube based molecular device.« less

Transcriptomic and Hormonal Analyses Reveal that YUC-Mediated Auxin Biogenesis Is Involved in Shoot Regeneration from Rhizome in Cymbidium.

PubMed

Liu, Yang; Zhang, Hai-Liang; Guo, He-Rong; Xie, Li; Zeng, Rui-Zhen; Zhang, Xiang-Qian; Zhang, Zhi-Sheng

2017-01-01

Cymbidium , one of the most important orchid genera in horticulture, can be classified into epiphytic and terrestrial species. Generally, epiphytic Cymbidium seedlings can be easily propagated by tissue culture, but terrestrial seedlings are difficult to propagate. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying the differences in the ease with which terrestrial and epiphytic cymbidiums can be propagated are largely unknown. Using RNA-sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Cymbidium 'Xiaofeng' (CXF), which can be efficiently micropropagated, and terrestrial Cymbidium sinense 'Qijianbaimo' (CSQ), which has a low regeneration ability, were used to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the micropropagation ability of Cymbidium species. To this end, 447 million clean short reads were generated, and 31,264 annotated unigenes were obtained from 10 cDNA libraries. A total of 1,290 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between CXF and CSQ during shoot induction. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the DEGs were significantly enriched in auxin pathway-related GO terms. Further analysis demonstrated that YUC and GH3 family genes, which play crucial roles in the regulation of auxin/IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) metabolism, acted quickly in response to shoot induction culture in vitro and were closely correlated with variation in shoot regeneration between CXF and CSQ. In addition, the study showed that IAA accumulated rapidly and significantly during shoot induction in CXF compared to that in CSQ; in contrast, no significant changes in other hormones were observed between CXF and CSQ. Furthermore, shoot regeneration in CXF was inhibited by a yucasin-auxin biosynthesis inhibitor, indicating that increased IAA level is required for high-frequency shoot regeneration in CXF. In conclusion, our study revealed that YUC-mediated auxin biogenesis is involved in shoot regeneration from rhizome in

A kinase-dependent feedforward loop affects CREBB stability and long term memory formation.

PubMed

Lee, Pei-Tseng; Lin, Guang; Lin, Wen-Wen; Diao, Fengqiu; White, Benjamin H; Bellen, Hugo J

2018-02-23

In Drosophila , long-term memory (LTM) requires the cAMP-dependent transcription factor CREBB, expressed in the mushroom bodies (MB) and phosphorylated by PKA. To identify other kinases required for memory formation, we integrated Trojan exons encoding T2A-GAL4 into genes encoding putative kinases and selected for genes expressed in MB. These lines were screened for learning/memory deficits using UAS-RNAi knockdown based on an olfactory aversive conditioning assay. We identified a novel, conserved kinase, Meng-Po ( MP , CG11221 , SBK1 in human), the loss of which severely affects 3 hr memory and 24 hr LTM, but not learning. Remarkably, memory is lost upon removal of the MP protein in adult MB but restored upon its reintroduction. Overexpression of MP in MB significantly increases LTM in wild-type flies showing that MP is a limiting factor for LTM. We show that PKA phosphorylates MP and that both proteins synergize in a feedforward loop to control CREBB levels and LTM. key words: Drosophila, Mushroom bodies, SBK1, deGradFP, T2A-GAL4, MiMIC.

A critical overview of the current myofascial pain literature - March 2016.

PubMed

Dommerholt, Jan; Hooks, Todd; Finnegan, Michelle; Grieve, Rob

2016-04-01

The worldwide interest in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) and trigger points (TrPs) is reflected in the increasing number of publications. In this overview of the literature, we included 26 studies, case reports and review articles by authors from 18 different countries. Several research groups are exploring the characteristic of TrPs such as Chen and colleagues, who continued their work on the quantification of the taut bands. Meng and colleagues studied the relationships between TrPs and central sensitization, while Yu and colleagues examined the electrophysiological characteristics that occur as a result of active TrPs. Several researchers used objective measurements to determine clinical outcomes, such as Koppenhaver and colleagues who measured objective changes in the function and nociceptive sensitivity of lumbar multifidus muscle subjects with low back pain. Turo and colleagues quantified muscle tissue changes after dry needling in chronic myofascial pain using elastography. Multiple studies explored various treatment options for TrPs, such as dry needling, injections with lidocaine or granisetron, traditional Thai massage, self-myofascial release, kinesiotaping, and monochromatic infrared photo energy, among others. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Numerical Study of High-Speed Droplet Impact on Surfaces and its Physical Cleaning Effects

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kondo, Tomoki; Ando, Keita

2015-11-01

Spurred by the demand for cleaning techniques of low environmental impact, one favors physical cleaning that does not rely on any chemicals. One of the promising candidates is based on water jets that often involve fission into droplet fragments and collide with target surfaces to which contaminant particles (often micron-sized or even smaller) stick. Hydrodynamic force (e.g., shearing and lifting) arising from the droplet impact will play a role to remove the particles, but its detailed mechanism is still unknown. To explore the role of high-speed droplet impact in physical cleaning, we solve compressible Navier-Stokes equations with a finite volume method that is designed to capture both shocks and material interfaces in accurate and robust manners. Water hammer and shear flow accompanied by high-speed droplet impact at a rigid wall is simulated to evaluate lifting force and rotating torque, which are relevant to the application of particle removal. For the simulation, we use the numerical code recently developed by Computational Flow Group lead by Tim Colonius at Caltech. The first author thanks Jomela Meng for her help in handling the code during his stay at Caltech.

Deduced elasticity of sp3-bonded amorphous diamond

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ballato, J.; Ballato, A.

2017-11-01

Amorphous diamond was recently synthesized using high temperature and pressure techniques [Z. Zeng, L. Yang, Q. Zeng, H. Lou, H. Sheng, J. Wen, D. J. Miller, Y. Meng, W. Yang, W. L. Mao, and H. K. Mao, Nat. Commun. 8, 322 (2017)]. Here, selected physical properties of this new phase of carbon are deduced using an extension of the Voigt-Reuss-Hill (VRHx) methodology whereby single crystal values are averaged over all orientations to yield values for the amorphous analog. Specifically, the elastic constants were deduced to be c11 = 1156.5 GPa, c12 = 87.6 GPa, and c44 = 534.5 GPa, whereas the Young's modulus, bulk modulus, and Poisson's ratio were also estimated to be 1144.2 GPa, 443.9 GPa, and 0.0704, respectively. These numbers are compared with experimental and theoretical literature values for other allotropic forms, specifically, Lonsdaleite, and two forms each of graphite and amorphous carbon. It is unknown at this time how the high temperature and pressure synthesis approach employed influences the structure, hence properties, of amorphous diamond at room temperature. However, the values provided herein constitute a baseline against which future structure/property/processing analyses can be compared.

Osmotic Adjustment in Leaves of VA Mycorrhizal and Nonmycorrhizal Rose Plants in Response to Drought Stress.

PubMed

Augé, R M; Schekel, K A; Wample, R L

1986-11-01

Osmotic adjustment in Rosa hybrida L. cv Samantha was characterized by the pressure-volume approach in drought-acclimated and unacclimated plants brought to the same level of drought strain, as assayed by stomatal closure. Plants were colonized by either of the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Glomus deserticola Trappe, Bloss and Menge or G. intraradices Schenck and Smith, or were nonmycorrhizal. Both the acclimation and the mycorrhizal treatments decreased the osmotic potential (Psi(pi)) of leaves at full turgor and at the turgor loss point, with a corresponding increase in pressure potential at full turgor. Mycorrhizae enabled plants to maintain leaf turgor and conductance at greater tissue water deficits, and lower leaf and soil water potentials, when compared with nonmycorrhizal plants. As indicated by the Psi(pi) at the turgor loss point, the active Psi(pi) depression which attended mycorrhizal colonization alone was 0.4 to 0.6 megapascals, and mycorrhizal colonization and acclimation in concert 0.6 to 0.9 megapascals, relative to unacclimated controls without mycorrhizae. Colonization levels and sporulation were higher in plants subjected to acclimation. In unacclimated hosts, leaf water potential, water saturation deficit, and soil water potential at a particular level of drought strain were affected most by G. intraradices. G. deserticola had the greater effect after drought preconditioning.

A Project Course Sequence in Innovation and Commercialization of Medical Devices.

PubMed

Eberhardt, Alan W; Tillman, Shea; Kirkland, Brandon; Sherrod, Brandon

2017-07-01

There exists a need for educational processes in which students gain experience with design and commercialization of medical devices. This manuscript describes the implementation of, and assessment results from, the first year offering of a project course sequence in Master of Engineering (MEng) in Design and Commercialization at our institution. The three-semester course sequence focused on developing and applying hands-on skills that contribute to product development to address medical device needs found within our university hospital and local community. The first semester integrated computer-aided drawing (CAD) as preparation for manufacturing of device-related components (hand machining, computer numeric control (CNC), three-dimensional (3D) printing, and plastics molding), followed by an introduction to microcontrollers (MCUs) and printed circuit boards (PCBs) for associated electronics and control systems. In the second semester, the students applied these skills on a unified project, working together to construct and test multiple weighing scales for wheelchair users. In the final semester, the students applied industrial design concepts to four distinct device designs, including user and context reassessment, human factors (functional and aesthetic) design refinement, and advanced visualization for commercialization. The assessment results are described, along with lessons learned and plans for enhancement of the course sequence.

Disentangling the complexities of how legumes and their symbionts regulate plant nitrogen access and storage

USGS Publications Warehouse

Reed, Sasha C.

2017-01-01

Nitrogen (N) availability strongly influences the structure and function of ecosystems (e.g. Vitousek & Howarth, 1991), but only a relatively small number of microbial groups have the ability to convert the N2 in our atmosphere into biologically available forms.This process, N2 fixation, is the dominant source of new N to the biosphere outside of anthropogenic inputs (Vitousek et al., 2013).Some N2-fixing microorganisms live independently on plant leaves, on decomposing organic material, and in soil (Reed et al.,2011), while others have co-evolved with a few higher plant taxa to form symbioses that fix N2 in root nodules (e.g. Sprent & Raven,1985). The relationship between these legumes and their root nodule symbionts (rhizobia) is one of the most well studied plant –microbe symbioses. Yet, many important questions about the controls, interactions, and implications of legume N2 fixation remain unanswered. In this issue of New Phytologist (pp. 690–699),Wolf, Funk, & Menge elegantly address a fundamental set of questions about N2 fixation in their examination of how herbaceous legumes, their symbionts, and external N availability interact to govern legume access and storage of N.

The Three Gorges Project: How sustainable?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kepa Brian Morgan, Te Kipa; Sardelic, Daniel N.; Waretini, Amaria F.

2012-08-01

SummaryIn 1984 the Government of China approved the decision to construct the Three Gorges Dam Project, the largest project since the Great Wall. The project had many barriers to overcome, and the decision was made at a time when sustainability was a relatively unknown concept. The decision to construct the Three Gorges Project remains contentious today, especially since Deputy Director of the Three Gorges Project Construction Committee, Wang Xiaofeng, stated that "We absolutely cannot relax our guard against ecological and environmental security problems sparked by the Three Gorges Project" (Bristow, 2007; McCabe, 2007). The question therefore was posed: how sustainable is the Three Gorges Project? Conventional approaches to sustainability assessment tend to use monetary based assessment aligned to triple bottom line thinking. That is, projects are evaluated as trade-offs between economic, environmental and social costs and benefits. The question of sustainability is considered using such a traditional Cost-Benefit Analysis approach, as undertaken in 1988 by a CIPM-Yangtze Joint Venture, and the Mauri Model Decision Making Framework (MMDMF). The Mauri Model differs from other approaches in that sustainability performance indicators are considered independently from any particular stakeholder bias. Bias is then introduced subsequently as a sensitivity analysis on the raw results obtained. The MMDMF is unique in that it is based on the Māori concept of Mauri, the binding force between the physical and the spiritual attributes of something, or the capacity to support life in the air, soil, and water. This concept of Mauri is analogous to the Chinese concept of Qi, and there are many analogous concepts in other cultures. It is the universal relevance of Mauri that allows its use to assess sustainability. This research identified that the MMDMF was a strong complement to Cost-Benefit Analysis, which is not designed as a sustainability assessment tool in itself. The

Phänomenologische Grundlagen der Wärmelehre

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Heintze, Joachim

Die Physik der Wärme lässt sich auf zweierlei Weise formulieren: Einmal als Mechanik eines Systems, das eine enorm große Zahl von Teilchen enthält (statistische Mechanik), und einmal mit Hilfe von ad hoc eingeführten Größen, den sogenannten Zustandsgrößen, die geeignet sind, das Verhalten eines solchen Systems zu beschreiben, ohne dass man die Teilchen selbst und ihre Bewegungen betrachten muss (Thermodynamik). Wir werden beide Ansätze in ihrer einfachsten und anschaulichsten Ausprägung in Kap. 5 (kinetische Gastheorie) bzw. in Kap. 8 (Grundbegriffe der Thermodynamik) behandeln. Obgleich sich die volle Durchführung des Programms als begrifflich und mathematisch recht schwierig erweist - die Vorlesung "Thermodynamik und Statistik" steht gewöhnlich am Ende der Kursvorlesungen über theoretische Physik - werden wir doch auf der Grundlage der Kap. 5 und 8 eine Menge über die Physik der Wärme lernen können. Den Ausgangspunkt der Wärmelehre bilden jedoch allemal die Naturerscheinungen, die wir hier in Kap. 4 behandeln wollen: Wärme, Kälte, Temperaturausgleich. Wir werden untersuchen, wie man diese Begriffe quantifizieren kann, und was bei der Erwärmung oder Abkühlung eines Körpers vor sich geht. Dabei werden wir auf den I. und II. Hauptsatz der Wärmelehre stoßen.

A Statistician's View of Upcoming Grand Challenges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, Xiao Li

2010-01-01

In this session we have seen some snapshots of the broad spectrum of challenges, in this age of huge, complex, computer-intensive models, data, instruments,and questions. These challenges bridge astronomy at many wavelengths; basic physics; machine learning; -- and statistics. At one end of our spectrum, we think of 'compressing' the data with non-parametric methods. This raises the question of creating 'pseudo-replicas' of the data for uncertainty estimates. What would be involved in, e.g. boot-strap and related methods? Somewhere in the middle are these non-parametric methods for encapsulating the uncertainty information. At the far end, we find more model-based approaches, with the physics model embedded in the likelihood and analysis. The other distinctive problem is really the 'black-box' problem, where one has a complicated e.g. fundamental physics-based computer code, or 'black box', and one needs to know how changing the parameters at input -- due to uncertainties of any kind -- will map to changing the output. All of these connect to challenges in complexity of data and computation speed. Dr. Meng will highlight ways to 'cut corners' with advanced computational techniques, such as Parallel Tempering and Equal Energy methods. As well, there are cautionary tales of running automated analysis with real data -- where "30 sigma" outliers due to data artifacts can be more common than the astrophysical event of interest.

Estimating hybridization in the presence of coalescence using phylogenetic intraspecific sampling.

PubMed

Gerard, David; Gibbs, H Lisle; Kubatko, Laura

2011-10-06

A well-known characteristic of multi-locus data is that each locus has its own phylogenetic history which may differ substantially from the overall phylogenetic history of the species. Although the possibility that this arises through incomplete lineage sorting is often incorporated in models for the species-level phylogeny, it is much less common for hybridization to also be formally included in such models. We have modified the evolutionary model of Meng and Kubatko (2009) to incorporate intraspecific sampling of multiple individuals for estimation of speciation times and times of hybridization events for testing for hybridization in the presence of incomplete lineage sorting. We have also utilized a more efficient algorithm for obtaining our estimates. Using simulations, we demonstrate that our approach performs well under conditions motivated by an empirical data set for Sistrurus rattlesnakes where putative hybridization has occurred. We further demonstrate that the method is able to accurately detect the signature of hybridization in the data, while this signal may be obscured when other species-tree inference methods that ignore hybridization are used. Our approach is shown to be powerful in detecting hybridization when it is present. When applied to the Sistrurus data, we find no evidence of hybridization; instead, it appears that putative hybrid snakes in Missouri are most likely pure S. catenatus tergeminus in origin, which has significant conservation implications.

New chronological data for the timing of the Saalian- and Elsterian glacial cycle in Europe - studies on a key site within the type area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lauer, Tobias; Weiß, Marcel; Wansa, Stefan

2017-04-01

also includes a palaeosol (Bt-horizon, Meng & Wansa 2005), exposed below Saalian meltwater sediments and till. Furthermore, the Middle-Pleistocene sediments yielded Lower/Middle Palaeolithic stone artefacts (Rudolph et al. 2005), probably representing the earliest human appearance in central Germany. In conclusion, the sequence of Uichteritz has the potential to provide important new chronological data for the timing of the Elsterian and Saalian glacial cycles as well as the presence of humans in Central Europe. References Haidle, M. N., Pawlik, A. F., 2010. The earliest settlement of Germany: Is there anything out there? Quaternary International 223-224, 143-153. Meng, S., Wansa, S., 2005. Lithologie, Stratigraphie und Paläoökologie des Mittelpleistozäns im Markröhlitzer Tal (Lkr. Weißenfels/Sachsen-Anhalt). Eiszeitalter und Gegenwart (Quaternary Science Journal) 55, 174-214. Nitychoruk, J., Bińka, K., Ruppert, H., Schneider, J., 2005. Holsteinian Interglacial = Marine Isotope Stage 11? Quaternary Science Reviews 25, 2678-2681. Rudolph, A., Laurat, T. & Bernhardt, W., 2005. Die altpaläolithischen Artefaktfunde von Uichteritz, Ldkr. Weißenfels. Eiszeitalter und Gegenwart (Quaternary Science Journal) 55, 215-226. Sirocko, F. et al., 2006. Chronology and climate forcing of the last four interglacials. In: Sirocko, F., Claussen, Sánchez Goñi, M.F., Litt, T. (Eds.). The Climate of Past Interglacials. Developments in Quaternary Science 7, Amsterdam, Elsevier, pp. 597-614.

Climatic record of the Iberian peninsula from lake Moncortes' sediments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cao, Min; Huguet, Carme; Rull, Valenti; Valero, Blas; Rosell-Mele, Antoni

2014-05-01

.19km2. Lake Moncortes is situated at 1065 m above sea level, has an average temperature of 10ºC (minimum 3 and maximum 16ºC) and a mean annual precipitation of 770mm. We used the MBT/CBT (Weijers et al. 2007) proxy of pH and terrestrial temperature and the TEX86 temperature proxy (Schouten et al. 2002) to estimate changes in and around the lake. Both proxies are based on the glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) of archaea (isoprenoid GDGTs) and bacteria (branched GDGTs) origin. We also measured soils surrounding the lake (Menges et al. 2013) in order to establish end-members for the proxies as well as organic matter transport. Data on n-alkane isotopes will help establish hydrographic regime changes. We observe changes in temperature and humidity consistent with those on teh northern hemisphere. J. Menges, C. Huguet, J.M. Alcañiz, S. Fietz, D. Sachse, A. Rosell-Melé Biogechemistry discussions (2013), BGD bg-2013-198. S. Schouten, E.C. Hopmans, E. Schefuss, J.S.S. Damste, Earth and Planetary Science Letters 204(2002) 265-274 J.W.H. Weijers, S. Schouten, J.S.S. Damste, Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta 71(2007) A1098-A1098.

The hydro-chemical and physical conditions of the environment of the immature stages of some species of the simulium (Edwardsellum) damnosum complex (Diptera).

PubMed

Grunewald, J

1976-12-01

Water samples were collected from breeding sites of species of the Simulium (Edwardsellum) damnoslm complex in Upper Volta, Liberia and Cameroon during the dry season; and in Tanzania and Kenya at various seasons during a period of two years. The following 20 factors were analysed at 45 breeding sites: water temperature, current velocity, pH value, conductivity free carbon dioxide, oxygen content, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, silicate, total iron and organic substance (consumption of potassium permanganate). A number of notable differences in the chemical composition of the water of the breeding sites of 13 S. damnosum complex species were found, particularly with regard to the pH and conductivity. On the basis of these differences the various species can be divided into three main groups: Group I: 3 species (S. sanctipauli, S. yahense, "Menge"); breeding in sites with pH values always below 7 and conductivity values below 50 mumhos. Group II: 8 species (S. sirbanum, S. sudanense, S. damnosum s.s., S. squamosum, "Sanje", "Nkusi", "Nyamagasani", "Jovi"); breeding in watercourses with neutral, weakly acid or weakly alkaline reactions and conductivity values ranging from 50 to 150 mumhos. Group III: 2 species ("Kibwezi", "Kisiwani"); breeding in watercourses characterized by highly alkaline reactions with pH values between 7.7 and 10 and by conductivity values between 400 and 950 mumhos. The vectors of Onchocerca volvulus are included in group I and II only.

Fluctuation-driven anisotropy in effective pair interactions between nanoparticles: Thiolated gold nanoparticles in ethane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jabes, B. Shadrack; Yadav, Hari O. S.; Chakravarty, Charusita, E-mail: charus@chemistry.iitd.ac.in

2014-10-21

Fluctuations within the ligand shell of a nanoparticle give rise to a significant degree of anisotropy in effective pair interactions for low grafting densities [B. Bozorgui, D. Meng, S. K. Kumar, C. Chakravarty, and A. Cacciuto, Nano Lett. 13, 2732 (2013)]. Here, we examine the corresponding fluctuation-driven anisotropy for gold nanocrystals densely passivated with short ligands. In particular, we consider gold nanocrystals capped by alkylthiols, both in vacuum and in ethane solvent at high density. As in the preceding study, we show that the anisotropy in the nanoparticle pair potential can be quantified by an angle-dependent correction term to themore » isotropic potential of mean force (PMF). We find that the anisotropy of the ligand shells is distance dependent, and strongly influenced by ligand interdigitation effects as well as expulsion of ligand chains from the interparticle region at short distances. Such fluctuation-driven anisotropy can be significant for alkylthiol-coated gold nanoparticles, specially for longer chain lengths, under good solvent conditions. The consequences of such anisotropy for self-assembly, specially as a function of grafting density, solvent quality and at interfaces, should provide some interesting insights in future work. Our results clearly show that an isotropic two-body PMF cannot adequately describe the thermodynamics and assembly behavior of nanoparticles in this dense grafting regime and inclusion of anisotropic effects, as well as possibly many-body interactions, is necessary. Extensions of this approach to other passivated nanoparticle systems and implications for self-assembly are considered.« less

Identification of a novel gene cluster participating in menaquinone (vitamin K2) biosynthesis. Cloning and sequence determination of the 2-heptaprenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone methyltransferase gene of Bacillus stearothermophilus.

PubMed

Koike-Takeshita, A; Koyama, T; Ogura, K

1997-05-09

We recently described the isolation and sequence analysis of a DNA region containing the genes of Bacillus stearothermophilus heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase, which catalyzes the synthesis of the prenyl side chain of menaquinone-7 of this bacterium. Sequence analyses revealed the presence of three open reading frames (ORFs), designated as ORF-1, ORF-2, and ORF-3, and the structural genes of the heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase were proved to consist of ORF-1 (heps-1) and ORF-3 (heps-2) (Koike-Takeshita, A., Koyama, T., Obata, S., and Ogura, K. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 18396-18400). The predicted amino acid sequence of ORF-2 (234 amino acids) contains a methyltransferase consensus sequence and shows a 22% identity with UbiG of Escherichia coli, which catalyzes S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methylation of 2-octaprenyl-3-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone. These pieces of information led us to identify the ORF-2 gene product. The cell-free homogenate of the transformant of E. coli with an expression vector of ORF-2 catalyzed the incorporation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine into menaquinone-8, indicating that ORF-2 encodes 2-heptaprenyl-1,4-naphthoquinone methyltransferase, which participates in the terminal step of the menaquinone biosynthesis. Thus it is concluded that the ORF-1, ORF-2, and ORF-3 genes, designated heps-1, menG, and heps-2, respectively, form another cluster involved in menaquinone biosynthesis in addition to the cluster of menB, menC, menD, and menE already identified in the Bacillus subtilis and E. coli chromosomes.

The Bairendaba silver polymetallic deposit in Inner Mongolia, China: characteristics of ore-forming fluid and genetic type of ore deposit

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Ying; Xie, Yuling; Wu, Haoran

2018-02-01

Bairendaba silver-polymetallic deposit is located in the middle south of the Xing Meng orogenic belt, and in the silver-polymetallic metallogenic belt on the west slope of the southern of Great Xing’an Range. Based on studying of the fluid inclusion, we discuss the characteristics of ore-forming fluid and the metallic genesis of the Bairendaba silver-polymetallic deposit. By means of the analysis of the fluid inclusions, homogenization temperature, salinity and composition were studied in quartz and fluorite. The result is as the follows: with homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in quartz veins being 196∼312 °C, the average 244.52 °C, and fluid salinity 2.90∼9.08 wt%NaCl; with homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions in fluorite being 127∼306 °C, the average 196.92 °C, and fluid salinity 2.90∼9.34 wt% NaCl. The ore-forming fluid is mainly composed of water and the gas. The results of laser Raman analysis show that the gas phase is mainly CH4. It shows that the ore-forming fluid is characterized by medium-low temperature and low-salinity system. The temperature of ore-forming fluid is from high to low, and the salinity from high to low, and the meteoric water or metamorphic water is added during deposit. According to the geological characteristics of the mining area, it is considered that the genetic type of the ore deposit should be the fault-controlled and the medium-low temperature hydrothermal deposit related to magmatic hydrothermal activities.

TotalReCaller: improved accuracy and performance via integrated alignment and base-calling.

PubMed

Menges, Fabian; Narzisi, Giuseppe; Mishra, Bud

2011-09-01

Currently, re-sequencing approaches use multiple modules serially to interpret raw sequencing data from next-generation sequencing platforms, while remaining oblivious to the genomic information until the final alignment step. Such approaches fail to exploit the full information from both raw sequencing data and the reference genome that can yield better quality sequence reads, SNP-calls, variant detection, as well as an alignment at the best possible location in the reference genome. Thus, there is a need for novel reference-guided bioinformatics algorithms for interpreting analog signals representing sequences of the bases ({A, C, G, T}), while simultaneously aligning possible sequence reads to a source reference genome whenever available. Here, we propose a new base-calling algorithm, TotalReCaller, to achieve improved performance. A linear error model for the raw intensity data and Burrows-Wheeler transform (BWT) based alignment are combined utilizing a Bayesian score function, which is then globally optimized over all possible genomic locations using an efficient branch-and-bound approach. The algorithm has been implemented in soft- and hardware [field-programmable gate array (FPGA)] to achieve real-time performance. Empirical results on real high-throughput Illumina data were used to evaluate TotalReCaller's performance relative to its peers-Bustard, BayesCall, Ibis and Rolexa-based on several criteria, particularly those important in clinical and scientific applications. Namely, it was evaluated for (i) its base-calling speed and throughput, (ii) its read accuracy and (iii) its specificity and sensitivity in variant calling. A software implementation of TotalReCaller as well as additional information, is available at: http://bioinformatics.nyu.edu/wordpress/projects/totalrecaller/ fabian.menges@nyu.edu.

A randomized trial of female-specific cognitive behavior therapy for alcohol dependent women.

PubMed

Epstein, Elizabeth E; McCrady, Barbara S; Hallgren, Kevin A; Cook, Sharon; Jensen, Noelle K; Hildebrandt, Thomas

2018-02-01

This study compared Female-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (FS-CBT) to evidence-based, gender-neutral CBT (GN-CBT; Epstein & McCrady, 2009) for women with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Women (N = 99) with AUD, mean age 48, were randomly assigned to 12 outpatient manual-guided sessions of FS-CBT (n = 44) or GN-CBT (n = 55). Women were assessed at baseline and 3, 9 and 15 months after baseline for drinking and for specific issues common among women with AUD. A FS-CBT protocol was developed that was discriminable on treatment integrity ratings from GN-CBT. No treatment condition differences were found in treatment engagement, changes in drinking, alcohol-related coping, abstinence self-efficacy, motivation to change, or constructs directly targeted in FS-CBT (sociotropy, autonomy, depression, anxiety). Women in both conditions were highly engaged and satisfied with treatment, and reported significant reductions in drinking and changes in desired directions for all other variables except social support for abstinence. In the year following treatment, women in the FS-CBT but not in the CBT condition reported an increase in percentage of abstainers in their social networks (0.69% per month, SE = 0.21, p = .002). The value and appeal of female-specific programming in AUD treatment has been established in the wider literature (Epstein & Menges, 2013), and the current study provides support for the use of the Female-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (FS-CBT) manual as an option that may yield outcomes similar to standard gender-neutral CBT for women with AUD. Future research should examine whether FS-CBT enhances treatment utilization for women. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Coordinated Regulation of Insulin Signaling by the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases PTP1B and TCPTP

PubMed Central

Galic, Sandra; Hauser, Christine; Kahn, Barbara B.; Haj, Fawaz G.; Neel, Benjamin G.; Tonks, Nicholas K.; Tiganis, Tony

2005-01-01

The protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B is a negative regulator of insulin signaling and a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Our previous studies have shown that the closely related tyrosine phosphatase TCPTP might also contribute to the regulation of insulin receptor (IR) signaling in vivo (S. Galic, M. Klingler-Hoffmann, M. T. Fodero-Tavoletti, M. A. Puryer, T. C. Meng, N. K. Tonks, and T. Tiganis, Mol. Cell. Biol. 23:2096-2108, 2003). Here we show that PTP1B and TCPTP function in a coordinated and temporally distinct manner to achieve an overall regulation of IR phosphorylation and signaling. Whereas insulin-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling was prolonged in both TCPTP−/− and PTP1B−/− immortalized mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs), mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK1/2 signaling was elevated only in PTP1B-null MEFs. By using phosphorylation-specific antibodies, we demonstrate that both IR β-subunit Y1162/Y1163 and Y972 phosphorylation are elevated in PTP1B−/− MEFs, whereas Y972 phosphorylation was elevated and Y1162/Y1163 phosphorylation was sustained in TCPTP−/− MEFs, indicating that PTP1B and TCPTP differentially contribute to the regulation of IR phosphorylation and signaling. Consistent with this, suppression of TCPTP protein levels by RNA interference in PTP1B−/− MEFs resulted in no change in ERK1/2 signaling but caused prolonged Akt activation and Y1162/Y1163 phosphorylation. These results demonstrate that PTP1B and TCPTP are not redundant in insulin signaling and that they act to control both common as well as distinct insulin signaling pathways in the same cell. PMID:15632081

Spider fauna in Caspian Costal region of Iran.

PubMed

Ghavami, Sahra

2007-03-01

The current study investigated spider fauna of Caspian Costal region of Iran (Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces) during 2005-2006. Spiders were collected from on the ground and under the stones and grasses by bottle, aspirator, Pitfall trap and pans and from branches, leaves and trunks of different trees and bushes by Steiner and Baggiolini method and insect net. They transferred to the laboratory and classified in 52 species and 51 genera belonged to 20 families. Thirty species, 13 genera and 2 families are reported for the first time from Iran, as follows: Family Agelenidae: Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757), Cicurina sp., Family Araneidae: Agalenatea redii (Scopoli, 1763), Araniella inconspicua (Simon, 1874), Araniella alpica (C.L. Koch, 1869), Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757, Cercidia sp., Cyclosa conica (Pallas, 1772), Hypsosinga sanguinea (C.L. Koch,1845), Family Clubionidae: Clubiona neglecta O.P. Camridge, 1862, Family Amaurobiidae, Family Eresidae: Eresus sp., Dresserus sp., Family Gnaphosidae: Aphantaulax sp., Micaria sp., Family Metidae: Zygiella x-notata (Clerck,1757), Family Miturgidae: Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802), Cheiracanthium pennyi O.P. Cambridge, 1873, Family Linyphiidae: Microlinyphia sp., Family Lycosidae: Alopecosa pulverulenta (Clerck, 1757), Pardosa amentata (Clerck, 1757), Pardosa agrestis (Westring, 1861), Pardosa monticola (Clerck, 1757), Family Oxyopidae: Oxyopes salticus (Hentx, 1802), Family Philodromidae: Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer, 1802),Family Pholcidae: Psilochorus simoni (Berland, 1911), Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775), Family Salticidae: Salticus scenicus (Clerck, 1757), Family Tetragnathidae: Tetragnatha montana, Simon, 1874, Tetragnatha javana (Thorell, 1890), Family Theridiidae: Dipoena prona (Menge, 1868), Steatoda albomaculata (Degeer, 1778), Theridion impressum C. L. Koch, Theridion simile C.L. Koch,1836, Family Thomisidae: Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757), Thanatus formicinus (Clerck

A dimensionless parameter for classifying hemodynamics in intracranial

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Asgharzadeh, Hafez; Borazjani, Iman

2015-11-01

Rupture of an intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a disease with high rates of mortality. Given the risk associated with the aneurysm surgery, quantifying the likelihood of aneurysm rupture is essential. There are many risk factors that could be implicated in the rupture of an aneurysm. However, the most important factors correlated to the IA rupture are hemodynamic factors such as wall shear stress (WSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) which are affected by the IA flows. Here, we carry out three-dimensional high resolution simulations on representative IA models with simple geometries to test a dimensionless number (first proposed by Le et al., ASME J Biomech Eng, 2010), denoted as An number, to classify the flow mode. An number is defined as the ratio of the time takes the parent artery flow transports across the IA neck to the time required for vortex ring formation. Based on the definition, the flow mode is vortex if An>1 and it is cavity if An<1. We show that the specific definition of Le et al. works for sidewall but needs to be modified for bifurcation aneurysms. In addition, we show that this classification works on three-dimensional geometries reconstructed from three-dimensional rotational angiography of human subjects. Furthermore, we verify the correlation of IA flow mode and WSS/OSI on the human subject IA. This work was supported partly by the NIH grant R03EB014860, and the computational resources were partly provided by CCR at UB. We thank Prof. Hui Meng and Dr. Jianping Xiang for providing us the database of aneurysms and helpful discussions.

Systematic Study of Foreshocks and Triggered Earthquakes During the 2010 Mw7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah Earthquake Sequence

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Meng, X.; Peng, Z.; Deng, S.; Castro, R. R.

2015-12-01

The 2010 Mw7.2 El Mayor-Cucapah earthquake occurred southwest of the Pacific-North America plate boundary in north Baja California. It was preceded by an intensive foreshock sequence, and was followed by numerous aftershocks both on and off the mainshock rupture zone, hence providing us a great opportunity to study the physical mechanisms of foreshock and aftershock triggering. In our previously published work (Meng and Peng, GJI, 2014), we focused on the seismicity rate changes around the Salton Sea Geothermal Field (SSGF) and along the San Jacinto Fault (SJF) following the mainshock. Based on a recently developed matched filter technique, we were able to detect up to 20 times more events than listed in the SCSN catalog. We found that the seismicity rate near SSGF and SJF both experienced significant increase immediately following the mainshock. However, the seismicity rate near SSGF, where static Coulomb stress decreased, dropped below the pre-mainshock level after ~50 days. On the other hand, the seismicity rate near SJF, where static Coulomb stress increased, remained high till the end of our detecting time window. Such pattern indicates that both static and dynamic triggering may coexist, but dominate in different time scales. Motivated by this success, we shift our focus to the foreshock and aftershock sequence of the El Mayor-Cucapah event. We utilize available seismic stations immediately north to US-Mexico boarder and a few stations within Mexico to conduct a similar detection ~40 days before to 40 days after the mainshock. We aim to obtain a complete foreshock sequence and investigate its spatio-temporal evolutions before the mainshock. Moreover, we plan to study similar patterns for aftershocks and the corresponding triggering mechanisms. Updated results will be presented at the meeting.

Inductively coupled plasma etching of GaAs low loss waveguides for a traveling waveguide polarization converter, using chlorine chemistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lu, J.; Meng, X.; Springthorpe, A. J.; Shepherd, F. R.; Poirier, M.

2004-05-01

A traveling waveguide polarization converter [M. Poirier et al.] has been developed, which involves long, low loss, weakly confined waveguides etched in GaAs (epitaxially grown by molecular beam epitaxy), with electroplated ``T electrodes'' distributed along the etched floor adjacent to the ridge walls, and airbridge interconnect metallization. This article describes the development of the waveguide fabrication, based on inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching of GaAs using Cl2 chemistry; the special processes required to fabricate the electrodes and metallization [X. Meng et al.], and the device characteristics [M. Poirier et al.], are described elsewhere. The required waveguide has dimensions nominally 4 μm wide and 2.1 μm deep, with dimensional tolerances ~0.1 μm across the wafer and wafer to wafer. A vertical etch profile with very smooth sidewalls and floors is required to enable the plated metal electrodes to be fabricated within 0.1 μm of the ridge. The ridges were fabricated using Cl2 ICP etching and a photoresist mask patterned with an I-line stepper; He backside cooling, combined with an electrostatic chuck, was employed to ensure good heat transfer to prevent resist reticulation. The experimental results showed that the ridge profile is very sensitive to ICP power and platen rf power. High ICP power and low platen power tend to result in more isotropic etching, whereas increasing platen power increases the photoresist etch rate, which causes rougher ridge sidewalls. No strong dependence of GaAs etch rate and ridge profile were observed with small changes in process temperature (chuck temperature). However, when the chuck temperature was decreased from 25 to 0 °C, etch uniformity across a 3 in. wafer improved from 6% to 3%. Photoresist and polymer residues present after the ICP etch were removed using a combination of wet and dry processes. .

MeT-DB V2.0: elucidating context-specific functions of N6-methyl-adenosine methyltranscriptome

PubMed Central

Liu, Hui; Wang, Huaizhi; Wei, Zhen; Zhang, Songyao; Hua, Gang; Zhang, Shao-Wu; Zhang, Lin; Gao, Shou-Jiang

2018-01-01

Abstract Methyltranscriptome is an exciting new area that studies the mechanisms and functions of methylation in transcripts. A knowledge base with the systematic collection and curation of context specific transcriptome-wide methylations is critical for elucidating their biological functions as well as for developing bioinformatics tools. Since its inception in 2014, the Met-DB (Liu, H., Flores, M.A., Meng, J., Zhang, L., Zhao, X., Rao, M.K., Chen, Y. and Huang, Y. (2015) MeT-DB: a database of transcriptome methylation in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res., 43, D197–D203), has become an important resource for methyltranscriptome, especially in the N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) research community. Here, we report Met-DB v2.0, the significantly improved second version of Met-DB, which is entirely redesigned to focus more on elucidating context-specific m6A functions. Met-DB v2.0 has a major increase in context-specific m6A peaks and single-base sites predicted from 185 samples for 7 species from 26 independent studies. Moreover, it is also integrated with a new database for targets of m6A readers, erasers and writers and expanded with more collections of functional data. The redesigned Met-DB v2.0 web interface and genome browser provide more friendly, powerful, and informative ways to query and visualize the data. More importantly, MeT-DB v2.0 offers for the first time a series of tools specifically designed for understanding m6A functions. Met-DB V2.0 will be a valuable resource for m6A methyltranscriptome research. The Met-DB V2.0 database is available at http://compgenomics.utsa.edu/MeTDB/ and http://www.xjtlu.edu.cn/metdb2. PMID:29126312

Regulator of G-protein signaling 6 (RGS6) promotes anxiety and depression by attenuating serotonin-mediated activation of the 5-HT1A receptor-adenylyl cyclase axis

PubMed Central

Stewart, Adele; Maity, Biswanath; Wunsch, Amanda M.; Meng, Fantao; Wu, Qi; Wemmie, John A.; Fisher, Rory A.

2014-01-01

Targeting serotonin (5-HT) bioavailability with selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) remains the most widely used treatment for mood disorders. However, their limited efficacy, delayed onset of action, and side effects restrict their clinical utility. Endogenous regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins have been implicated as key inhibitors of 5-HT1ARs, whose activation is believed to underlie the beneficial effects of SSRIs, but the identity of the specific RGS proteins involved remains unknown. We identify RGS6 as the critical negative regulator of 5-HT1AR-dependent antidepressant actions. RGS6 is enriched in hippocampal and cortical neurons, 5-HT1AR-expressing cells implicated in mood disorders. RGS6−/− mice exhibit spontaneous anxiolytic and antidepressant behavior rapidly and completely reversibly by 5-HT1AR blockade. Effects of the SSRI fluvoxamine and 5-HT1AR agonist 8-OH-DPAT were also potentiated in RGS6+/− mice. The phenotype of RGS6−/− mice was associated with decreased CREB phosphorylation in the hippocampus and cortex, implicating enhanced Gαi-dependent adenylyl cyclase inhibition as a possible causative factor in the behavior observed in RGS6−/− animals. Our results demonstrate that by inhibiting serotonergic innervation of the cortical-limbic neuronal circuit, RGS6 exerts powerful anxiogenic and prodepressant actions. These findings indicate that RGS6 inhibition may represent a viable means to treat mood disorders or enhance the efficacy of serotonergic agents.—Stewart, A., Maity, B., Wunsch, A. M., Meng, F., Wu, Q., Wemmie, J. A., Fisher, R. A. Regulator of G-protein signaling 6 (RGS6) promotes anxiety and depression by attenuating serotonin-mediated activation of the 5-HT1A receptor-adenylyl cyclase axis. PMID:24421401

Revisiting Lake Hämelsee: reconstructing abrupt Lateglacial climate transitions using state- of-the-art palaeoclimatological proxies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Engels, Stefan; Hoek, Wim; Lane, Christine; Sachse, Dirk; Wagner-Cremer, Friederike

2015-04-01

Lake Hämelsee (Germany) is one of the northernmost sites in NW Europe that has varved sediments throughout large parts of its Lateglacial and Early Holocene sediment sequence. Previous research on this site has shown its potential, in terms of chronological resolution and palaeoecological reconstructions, for reconstructing the abrupt transitions into and out of the Younger Dryas, the last cold period of the last glacial. The site was revisited during a 1-week summer school for Early Stage Researchers (2013), within the INTIMATE Example training and research project, supported by EU Cost Action ES0907. Two overlapping sediment sequences were retrieved from the centre of the lake during the summer school. These sediments have since formed the basis for follow-up research projects, which have sparked the collaboration of around 30 researchers in 12 laboratories across Europe. A chronological framework for the core has been composed from a combination of varve counting, radiocarbon dating and tephrochronology. Tephrostratigraphic correlations allow direct correlation and precise comparison of the record to marine and ice core records from the North Atlantic region, and other terrestrial European archives. Furthermore, the core is has been subjected to multiple sedimentological (e.g. XRF, loss-on-ignition), geochemical (e.g. lipid biomarkers, GDGTs) and palaeoecological (e.g. pollen, chironomids) proxy-based reconstructions of past environmental and climatic conditions. The results provide important insights into the nature of the abrupt climate transitions of the Lateglacial and Early Holocene, both locally and on a continental scale. The INTIMATE Example participants: Illaria Baneschi, Achim Brauer, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Renee de Bruijn, Siwan Davies, Aritina Haliuc, Katalin Hubay, Gwydion Jones, Meike Müller, Johanna Menges, Josef Merkt, Tom Peters, Francien Peterse, Anneke ter Schure, Kathrin Schuetrumpf, Richard Staff, Falko Turner, Valerie van den Bos.

Statistical determination of rainfall-runoff erosivity indices for single storms in the Chinese Loess Plateau.

PubMed

Zheng, Mingguo; Chen, Xiaoan

2015-01-01

Correlation analysis is popular in erosion- or earth-related studies, however, few studies compare correlations on a basis of statistical testing, which should be conducted to determine the statistical significance of the observed sample difference. This study aims to statistically determine the erosivity index of single storms, which requires comparison of a large number of dependent correlations between rainfall-runoff factors and soil loss, in the Chinese Loess Plateau. Data observed at four gauging stations and five runoff experimental plots were presented. Based on the Meng's tests, which is widely used for comparing correlations between a dependent variable and a set of independent variables, two methods were proposed. The first method removes factors that are poorly correlated with soil loss from consideration in a stepwise way, while the second method performs pairwise comparisons that are adjusted using the Bonferroni correction. Among 12 rainfall factors, I30 (the maximum 30-minute rainfall intensity) has been suggested for use as the rainfall erosivity index, although I30 is equally correlated with soil loss as factors of I20, EI10 (the product of the rainfall kinetic energy, E, and I10), EI20 and EI30 are. Runoff depth (total runoff volume normalized to drainage area) is more correlated with soil loss than all other examined rainfall-runoff factors, including I30, peak discharge and many combined factors. Moreover, sediment concentrations of major sediment-producing events are independent of all examined rainfall-runoff factors. As a result, introducing additional factors adds little to the prediction accuracy of the single factor of runoff depth. Hence, runoff depth should be the best erosivity index at scales from plots to watersheds. Our findings can facilitate predictions of soil erosion in the Loess Plateau. Our methods provide a valuable tool while determining the predictor among a number of variables in terms of correlations.

Imaging Crustal Structure with Waveform and HV Ratio of Body-wave Receiver Function

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chong, J.; Chu, R.; Ni, S.; Meng, Q.; Guo, A.

2017-12-01

It is known that receiver function has less constraint on the absolute velocity, and joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion has been widely applied to reduce the non-uniqueness of velocity and interface depth. However, some studies indicate that the receiver function itself is capable for determining the absolute shear wave velocity. In this study, we propose to measure the receiver function HV ratio which takes advantage of the amplitude information of the radial and vertical receiver functions to constrain the shear-wave velocity. Numerical analysis indicates that the receiver function HV ratio is sensitive to the average shear wave velocity in the depth range it samples, and can help to reduce the non-uniqueness of receiver function waveform inversion. A joint inversion scheme has been developed, and both synthetic tests and real data application proved the feasibility of the joint inversion. The method has been applied to the dense seismic array of ChinArray program in SE Tibet during the time period from August 2011 to August 2012 in SE Tibet (ChinArray-Himalaya, 2011). The measurements of receiver function HV ratio reveals the lateral variation of the tectonics in of the study region. And main features of the velocity structure imagined by the new joint inversion method are consistent with previous studies. KEYWORDS: receiver function HV ratio, receiver function waveform inversion, crustal structure ReferenceChinArray-Himalaya. 2011. China Seismic Array waveform data of Himalaya Project. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration. doi:10.12001/ChinArray.Data. Himalaya. Jiajun Chong, Risheng Chu*, Sidao Ni, Qingjun Meng, Aizhi Guo, 2017. Receiver Function HV Ratio, a New Measurement for Reducing Non-uniqueness of Receiver Function Waveform Inversion. (under revision)

Experimental evaluation of ALS point cloud ground extraction over different land cover in the Malopolska Province

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Korzeniowska, Karolina; Mandlburger, Gottfried; Klimczyk, Agata

2013-04-01

made on the basis of a visual inspection of the results (Sithole G., Vosselman G., 2004; Meng X. et al., 2010). The results of these analyses were described as a graph using weighted assumption. The quantitative analyses were evaluated on a basis of Type I, Type II and Total errors (Sithole G., Vosselman G., 2003). The achieved results show that the analysed algorithms yield different classification accuracies depending on the landscape and land cover. The simplest terrain for ground extraction was flat rural area with sparse vegetation. The most difficult were mountainous areas with very dense vegetation where only a few ground points were available. Generally the LAStools algorithm gives good results in every type of terrain, but the ground surface is too smooth. The LIS Progressive Morphological Filter algorithm gives good results in forested flat and low slope areas. The surface-based algorithm from SCOP++ gives good results in mountainous areas - both forested and built-up because it better preserves steep slopes, sharp ridges and breaklines, but sometimes it fails to remove off-terrain objects from the ground class. The segmentation-based algorithm in LIS gives quite good results in built-up flat areas, but in forested areas it does not work well. Bibliography: Axelsson, P., 2000. DEM generation from laser scanner data using adaptive TIN models. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XXXIII (Pt. B4/1), 110- 117 Kraus, K., Pfeifer, N., 1998. Determination of terrain models in wooded areas with airborne laser scanner data. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing 53 (4), 193-203 LAStools website http://www.cs.unc.edu/~isenburg/lastools/ (verified in September 2012) Meng, X., Currit, N., Zhao, K., 2010. Ground Filtering Algorithms for Airborne LiDAR Data: A Review of Critical Issues. Remote Sensing 2, 833-860 Sithole, G., Vosselman, G., 2003. Report: ISPRS Comparison of Filters. Commission III, Working

Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: A Proposal Based on Multi-Targeted Osteoclastic Regulation and on a Preclinical Study.

PubMed

Deng, Shiqiang; Cheng, Jianwen; Zhao, Jinmin; Yao, Felix; Xu, Jiake

2017-07-11

(PANTHER) will be used to predict the pathways of the natural compound sources. Subsequently, an in vitro sample preparation including extraction, fractionation, isolation, purification, and bioassays with high-speed counter-current chromatography-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HSCCC-HPLC-DAD) will be carried out for each identified natural source. In vitro investigations into the effect of NPs on osteoclast signaling pathways will be performed. The experimental methods include cell viability assays, osteoclastogenesis and resorption pit assays, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), western blot, and luciferase reporter gene assays. Finally, an in vivo preclinical efficacy on a collagen-induced arthritis rat model will be carried out using a treatment group (n=10), a control group (n=10), and a non-arthritis group (n=10). Main outcome measure assessments during intervention include daily macroscopic scores and a digital calipers measurement. Post-treatment tissue measurements will be analyzed by serological testing, radiographic imaging, and histopathological assessment. Studies are currently underway to evaluate the in silico data and the in vitro effects of compounds on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. The preclinical study is expected to start a year following completion of the in silico analysis. The in silico rapid approach is proposed as a more general method for adding value to the results of a systematic review of NPs. More importantly, the proposed study builds on a multi-targeted approach for the identification of natural compounds for future drug discovery. This innovative approach is likely to be more precise, efficient, and compatible to identify the novel natural compounds for effective treatment of PsA. ©Shiqiang Deng, Jianwen Cheng, Jinmin Zhao, Felix Yao, Jiake Xu. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 11.07.2017.

Application of isostatic gravity anomaly in the Yellow Sea area

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hao, Z.; Qin, J.; Huang, W.; Wu, X.

2017-12-01

In order to study the deep crustal structure of the Yellow Sea area, we used the Airy-Heiskanen model to calculate the isostatic gravity anomaly of this area. Based on the Bouguer gravity anomaly and water depth data of this area, we chose the calculating parameters as standard crustal thickness 30 km, crust-mantle density difference 0.6g/cm3and grid spacing 0.1°×0.1°. This study reveals that there are six faults and four isostatic negative anomalies in the study area. The isostatic anomalies in much of Yellow Sea areas give priority to those with positive anomalies. The isostatic anomalies in North Yellow Sea are higher than South Yellow Sea with Jiashan-Xiangshui fault as the boundary. In the north of the study area, isostatic anomalies are characterized by large areas of positive anomaly. The change is relatively slow, and the trends give priority to the trend NE or NEE. In the middle of the north Yellow Sea basin, there is a local negative anomaly, arranged as a string of beads in NE to discontinuous distribution. Negative anomaly range is small, basically corresponds to the region's former Cenozoic sedimentary basin position. To the south of Jiashan-Xiangshui fault and west of Yellow Sea eastern margin fault, including most of the south Yellow Sea and Jiangsu province, the isostatic anomalies are lower. And the positive and negative anomalies are alternative distribution, and negative anomaly trap in extensive development. The trends give priority to NE, NEE, both to the NW. On the basis of the characteristics of isostatic gravity anomalies, it is concluded that the Yellow Sea belongs to continental crustal isostatic area whose isostatic anomalies is smooth and slow. ReferencesHeiskanen, W. A., F. A. V. Meinesz, and S. A. Korff (1958), The Earth and Its Gravity Field, McGraw-Hill, New York. Meng, X. J., X. H. Zhang, and J. Y. Yang (2014), Geophysical survey in eastern China seas and the characteristics of gravity and magnetic fields, Marine Geoglogy

Mutations in Nature Conferred a High Affinity Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate-binding Site in Vertebrate Inwardly Rectifying Potassium Channels*

PubMed Central

Tang, Qiong-Yao; Larry, Trevor; Hendra, Kalen; Yamamoto, Erica; Bell, Jessica; Cui, Meng; Logothetis, Diomedes E.; Boland, Linda M.

2015-01-01

All vertebrate inwardly rectifying potassium (Kir) channels are activated by phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) (Logothetis, D. E., Petrou, V. I., Zhang, M., Mahajan, R., Meng, X. Y., Adney, S. K., Cui, M., and Baki, L. (2015) Annu. Rev. Physiol. 77, 81–104; Fürst, O., Mondou, B., and D'Avanzo, N. (2014) Front. Physiol. 4, 404–404). Structural components of a PIP2-binding site are conserved in vertebrate Kir channels but not in distantly related animals such as sponges and sea anemones. To expand our understanding of the structure-function relationships of PIP2 regulation of Kir channels, we studied AqKir, which was cloned from the marine sponge Amphimedon queenslandica, an animal that represents the phylogenetically oldest metazoans. A requirement for PIP2 in the maintenance of AqKir activity was examined in intact oocytes by activation of a co-expressed voltage-sensing phosphatase, application of wortmannin (at micromolar concentrations), and activation of a co-expressed muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. All three mechanisms to reduce the availability of PIP2 resulted in inhibition of AqKir current. However, time-dependent rundown of AqKir currents in inside-out patches could not be re-activated by direct application to the inside membrane surface of water-soluble dioctanoyl PIP2, and the current was incompletely re-activated by the more hydrophobic arachidonyl stearyl PIP2. When we introduced mutations to AqKir to restore two positive charges within the vertebrate PIP2-binding site, both forms of PIP2 strongly re-activated the mutant sponge channels in inside-out patches. Molecular dynamics simulations validate the additional hydrogen bonding potential of the sponge channel mutants. Thus, nature's mutations conferred a high affinity activation of vertebrate Kir channels by PIP2, and this is a more recent evolutionary development than the structures that explain ion channel selectivity and inward rectification. PMID:25957411

Generation of poleward moving auroral forms (PMAFs) during periods of dayside auroral oval expansions/contractions and periods when the dayside auroral oval is expanded and stable

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fasel, G. J.; Flicker, J.; Sibeck, D. G.; Alyami, M.; Angelo, A.; Aylward, R. J.; Bender, S.; Christensen, M.; Kim, J.; Kristensen, H.; Orellana, Y.; Sahin, O.; Yoon, J.; Green, D.; Sigernes, F.; Lorentzen, D. A.

2013-12-01

The latitude of the equatorial edge of the dayside auroral oval has been shown to vary with the direction of the IMF Bz-component. The equatorward/poleward edge of the dayside auroral oval shifts equatorward/poleward when the IMF Bz-component is negative/positive [Burch, 1973; Akasofu, 1977; Horwitz and Akasofu, 1977; Sandholt et al., 1986, 1988]. Past studies have shown that poleward-moving auroral forms (PMAFs) are a common feature during equatorward expansions of the dayside auroral oval. Horwitz and Akasofu [1977] noted a one-to-one correspondence of luminous PMAFs associated with an equatorward expansion of the dayside auroral oval. During the southward turning of the IMF Bz-component the merging rate on the dayside increases [Newell and Meng, 1987] leading to the erosion of the dayside magnetopause. The field line merging process is thought to be most efficient when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz-component turns southward. Both Vorobjev et al. [1975] and Horwitz and Akasofu [1977] attributed these PMAFs to magnetic flux being eroded away from the dayside magnetopause and transported antisunward. Dayside poleward-moving auroral forms are also observed during periods of an expanded and stable dayside auroral oval for both northern and southern hemisphere observations [Sandholt et al., 1986, 1989, 1990; Rairden and Mende, 1989; Mende et al., 1990]. Poleward-moving auroral forms have also been observed during some dayside oval contractions but have not been discussed much in the literature. This study examines the dayside auroral oval during periods of expansion, contraction, and during periods of an expanded and stable dayside auroral oval. This statistical study will provide the following results: number of poleward-moving auroral forms that are generated during dayside auroral oval expansions/contractions and during periods of a stable and expanded dayside auroral oval, the average initial and final elevation angle of the dayside auroral oval, time

Comparison of Different Approach of Back Projection Method in Retrieving the Rupture Process of Large Earthquakes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tan, F.; Wang, G.; Chen, C.; Ge, Z.

2016-12-01

Back-projection of teleseismic P waves [Ishii et al., 2005] has been widely used to image the rupture of earthquakes. Besides the conventional narrowband beamforming in time domain, approaches in frequency domain such as MUSIC back projection (Meng 2011) and compressive sensing (Yao et al, 2011), are proposed to improve the resolution. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages and should be properly used in different cases. Therefore, a thorough research to compare and test these methods is needed. We write a GUI program, which puts the three methods together so that people can conveniently use different methods to process the same data and compare the results. Then we use all the methods to process several earthquake data, including 2008 Wenchuan Mw7.9 earthquake and 2011 Tohoku-Oki Mw9.0 earthquake, and theoretical seismograms of both simple sources and complex ruptures. Our results show differences in efficiency, accuracy and stability among the methods. Quantitative and qualitative analysis are applied to measure their dependence on data and parameters, such as station number, station distribution, grid size, calculate window length and so on. In general, back projection makes it possible to get a good result in a very short time using less than 20 lines of high-quality data with proper station distribution, but the swimming artifact can be significant. Some ways, for instance, combining global seismic data, could help ameliorate this method. Music back projection needs relatively more data to obtain a better and more stable result, which means it needs a lot more time since its runtime accumulates obviously faster than back projection with the increase of station number. Compressive sensing deals more effectively with multiple sources in a same time window, however, costs the longest time due to repeatedly solving matrix. Resolution of all the methods is complicated and depends on many factors. An important one is the grid size, which in turn influences

Spontaneous non-volcanic tremor detected in the Anza Seismic Gap of San Jacinto Fault

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hutchison, A. A.; Ghosh, A.

2017-12-01

Non-volcanic tremor (NVT), a type of slow earthquake, is becoming more frequently detected along plate boundaries, particularly in subduction zones, and is also observed along the San Andreas Fault [e.g. Nadeau & Dolenc, 2005]. NVT is typically associated with transient deformation (i.e. slow slip) in the transition zone [e.g. Ide et al., 2007], and at times it is observed with deep creep along faults [e.g. Beroza & Ide, 2011]. Using several independent location and detection methods including multi-beam backprojection [Ghosh et al., 2009a; 2012], envelope cross correlation [Wech & Creager, 2008], spectral analyses and visual inspection of existing network stations and high-density mini seismic array data, we detect multiple discrete spontaneous tremor events in the Anza Gap of the San Jacinto Fault (SJF) in June, 2011. The events occur on the SJF where the Hot Springs Fault terminates, on the northwestern boundary of the Anza Gap, below the inferred seismogenic zone characterized by velocity weakening frictional behavior [e.g. Lindsay et al., 2014]. The location methods provide consistent locations for each event in our catalog. Low slowness values help rule-out surface noise that may result in false detections. Analyses of frequency spectra show these time windows are depleted in high frequency energy in the displacement amplitude spectrum compared to small local regular (fast) earthquakes. This spectral pattern is characteristic of tremor [Shelly et al., 2007]. We interpret this tremor to be a seismic manifestation of slow-slip events below the seismogenic zone. Recently, an independent geodetic study suggests that the 2010 El Mayor-Cucupah earthquake triggered a slow-slip event in the Anza Gap [Inbal et al., 2017]. In addition, multiple studies infer deep creep in the SJF [e.g. Meng & Peng et al., 2016; Jiang & Fialko, 2016] indicating that this fault is capable of producing slow slip events. Transient tectonic behavior like tremor and slow slip may be playing

Projecting the success of plant restoration with population viability analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bell, T.J.; Bowles, M.L.; McEachern, A.K.; Brigham, C.A.; Schwartz, M.W.

2003-01-01

Conserving viable populations of plant species requires that they have high probabilities of long-term persistence within natural habitats, such as a chance of extinction in 100 years of less than 5% (Menges 1991, 1998; Brown 1994; Pavlik 1994; Chap. 1, this Vol.). For endangered and threatened species that have been severely reduces in range and whose habitats have been fragmented, important species conservation strategies may include augmenting existing populations or restoring new viable populations (Bowles and Whelan 1994; Chap. 2, this Vol.). Restoration objectives may include increasing population numbers to reduce extinction probability, deterministic manipulations to develop a staged cohort structure, or more complex restoration of a desired genetic structure to allow outcrossing or increase effective population size (DeMauro 1993, 1994; Bowles et al. 1993, 1998; Pavlik 1994; Knapp and Dyer 1998; Chap. 2, this Vol.). These efforts may require translocation of propagules from existing (in situ) populations, or from ex situ botanic gardens or seed storage facilities (Falk et al. 1996; Guerrant and Pavlik 1998; Chap. 2, this Vol.). Population viability analysis (PVA) can provide a critical foundation for plant restoration, as it models demographic projections used to evaluate the probability of population persistence and links plant life history with restoration strategies. It is unknown how well artificially created populations will meet demographic modeling requirements (e.g., due to artificial cohort transitions) and few, if any, PVAs have been applied to restorations. To guide application of PVA to restored populations and to illustrate potential difficulties, we examine effects of planting different life stages, model initial population sizes needed to achieve population viability, and compare demographic characteristics between natural and restored populations. We develop and compare plant population restoration viability analysis (PRVA) case studies of

Uncertainty Analyses for Back Projection Methods

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeng, H.; Wei, S.; Wu, W.

2017-12-01

So far few comprehensive error analyses for back projection methods have been conducted, although it is evident that high frequency seismic waves can be easily affected by earthquake depth, focal mechanisms and the Earth's 3D structures. Here we perform 1D and 3D synthetic tests for two back projection methods, MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) (Meng et al., 2011) and Compressive Sensing (CS) (Yao et al., 2011). We generate synthetics for both point sources and finite rupture sources with different depths, focal mechanisms, as well as 1D and 3D structures in the source region. The 3D synthetics are generated through a hybrid scheme of Direct Solution Method and Spectral Element Method. Then we back project the synthetic data using MUSIC and CS. The synthetic tests show that the depth phases can be back projected as artificial sources both in space and time. For instance, for a source depth of 10km, back projection gives a strong signal 8km away from the true source. Such bias increases with depth, e.g., the error of horizontal location could be larger than 20km for a depth of 40km. If the array is located around the nodal direction of direct P-waves the teleseismic P-waves are dominated by the depth phases. Therefore, back projections are actually imaging the reflection points of depth phases more than the rupture front. Besides depth phases, the strong and long lasted coda waves due to 3D effects near trench can lead to additional complexities tested here. The strength contrast of different frequency contents in the rupture models also produces some variations to the back projection results. In the synthetic tests, MUSIC and CS derive consistent results. While MUSIC is more computationally efficient, CS works better for sparse arrays. In summary, our analyses indicate that the impact of various factors mentioned above should be taken into consideration when interpreting back projection images, before we can use them to infer the earthquake rupture physics.

Ion Diode Experiments on PBFA-X

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lockner, Thomas

1996-05-01

The PBFA-II pulsed power accelerator at Sandia National Laboratories has been modified to replace the radially focusing ion diode with an extraction ion diode. In the extraction diode mode (PBFA X) the ion beam is generated on the surface of an annular disk and extracted along the cylindrical axis. An additional magnetically insulated transmission line (MITL) has been installed to transmit power from the center to the bottom of the accelerator, where it drives a magnetically insulated extraction ion diode. The modification increases access to the diode and the diagnostics, permitting a higher shot rate, and allows us to study extraction diode technology at a power level near what is required for a high yield facility. The modification also includes reversing the polarity of the top half of the accelerator to permit operation at twice the previous source voltage. In the new configuration the diode could operate at 15 MV and 0.8 MA. This operating point is near the 30 MV, 1.0 MA operating point envisioned for one module of a high yield facility, and will allow the study of intense extraction ion diodes at power levels relevant to such a facility. Experimental results will be presented including MITL coupling studies, beam current density control, discharge cleaning of diode surfaces to reduce the presence of contaminant ions in the source beam, and the effect of anode substrate materials on the purity of the lithium beam. A comparison between predicted and measured radial beam profiles will also be presented, with the predicted profiles obtained from the ATHETA code that solves magnetostatics problems in two dimensions. This work was supported by the US/DOE under contract No. DE-AC04-94AL85000. +In collaboration with R. S. Coats, M. E. Cuneo, M. P. Desjarlias, D. J. Johnson, T. A. Mehlhorn, C. W. Mendel, Jr., P. Menge#, and W. J. Poukey,

Size-Fractionated Particle Number Concentrations and Daily Mortality in a Chinese City

PubMed Central

Meng, Xia; Ma, Yanjun; Chen, Renjie; Zhou, Zhijun; Chen, Bingheng

2013-01-01

Background: Associations between airborne particles and health outcomes have been documented worldwide; however, there is limited information regarding health effects associated with different particle sizes. Objectives: We explored the association between size-fractionated particle number concentrations (PNCs) and daily mortality in Shenyang, China. Methods: We collected daily data on cause-specific mortality and PNCs for particles measuring 0.25–10 μm in diameter between 1 December 2006 and 30 November 2008. We used quasi-Poisson regression generalized additive models to estimate associations between PNCs and mortality, and we used natural spline smoothing functions to adjust for time-varying covariates and long-term and seasonal trends. Results: Mean numbers of daily deaths were 67, 32, and 7 for all natural causes, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases, respectively. Interquartile range (IQR) increases in PNCs for particles measuring 0.25–0.50 μm were significantly associated with total and cardiovascular mortality, but not respiratory mortality. Effect estimates were larger for PNCs during the warm season than the cool season, and increased with decreasing particle size. IQR increases in PNCs of 0.25–0.28 μm, 0.35–0.40 μm, and 0.45–0.50 μm particles were associated with 2.41% (95% CI: 1.23, 3.58%), 1.31% (95% CI: 0.52, 2.09%), and 0.45% (95% CI: 0.04, 0.87%) higher total mortality, respectively. Associations were generally stable after adjustment for mass concentrations of ambient particles and gaseous pollutants. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that particles < 0.5 μm in diameter may be most responsible for adverse health effects of particulate air pollution and that adverse health effects may increase with decreasing particle size. Citation: Meng X, Ma Y, Chen R, Zhou Z, Chen B, Kan H. 2013. Size-fractionated particle number concentrations and daily mortality in a Chinese city. Environ Health Perspect 121:1174–1178;�

Comparison of Frequency-Domain Array Methods for Studying Earthquake Rupture Process

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sheng, Y.; Yin, J.; Yao, H.

2014-12-01

Seismic array methods, in both time- and frequency- domains, have been widely used to study the rupture process and energy radiation of earthquakes. With better spatial resolution, the high-resolution frequency-domain methods, such as Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) (Schimdt, 1986; Meng et al., 2011) and the recently developed Compressive Sensing (CS) technique (Yao et al., 2011, 2013), are revealing new features of earthquake rupture processes. We have performed various tests on the methods of MUSIC, CS, minimum-variance distortionless response (MVDR) Beamforming and conventional Beamforming in order to better understand the advantages and features of these methods for studying earthquake rupture processes. We use the ricker wavelet to synthesize seismograms and use these frequency-domain techniques to relocate the synthetic sources we set, for instance, two sources separated in space but, their waveforms completely overlapping in the time domain. We also test the effects of the sliding window scheme on the recovery of a series of input sources, in particular, some artifacts that are caused by the sliding window scheme. Based on our tests, we find that CS, which is developed from the theory of sparsity inversion, has relatively high spatial resolution than the other frequency-domain methods and has better performance at lower frequencies. In high-frequency bands, MUSIC, as well as MVDR Beamforming, is more stable, especially in the multi-source situation. Meanwhile, CS tends to produce more artifacts when data have poor signal-to-noise ratio. Although these techniques can distinctly improve the spatial resolution, they still produce some artifacts along with the sliding of the time window. Furthermore, we propose a new method, which combines both the time-domain and frequency-domain techniques, to suppress these artifacts and obtain more reliable earthquake rupture images. Finally, we apply this new technique to study the 2013 Okhotsk deep mega earthquake

Mercaptursäure und Nukleosidaddukt im Harn als Biomarker in 1-Hydroxymethylpyren-exponierten Ratten

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ma, Lan

2002-01-01

1-Methylpyren (MP) ist hepatokanzerogen in neugeborenen männlichen Mäusen. Durch Hydroxylierung an der benzylischen Stelle und anschließende Sulfonierung wird MP zu DNA-reaktivem 1-Sulfooxymethylpyren (SMP) aktiviert. In der Ratte führt die Exposition des benzylischen Alkohols, 1-Hydroxymethylpyren (HMP), zur DNA-Adduktbildung in verschiedenen Geweben. Eventuelle Konsequenz der Toxifizierung ist die Ausscheidung entsprechender Mercaptursäure und Nukleosidaddukt im Harn, welche aufgrund ihrer Herkunft als Biomarker eignen könnten. In dieser Arbeit wird die Ausscheidung der Mercaptursäure und des N2-Desoxyguanosinadduktes in HMP-exponierten Ratten untersucht. Nach der Applikation von HMP bzw. MP wurden weniger als 1 % der Dosis als MPMA über Urin und Faeces ausgeschieden (0 - 48 h). Die Ausscheidung erfolgt hauptsächlich in den ersten 24 h nach der Applikation. MPdG konnte weder in Urin noch in Faeces der HMP-behandelten Tieren identifiziert werden. Nach direkter SMP-Applikation wurde MPdG nur in sehr geringe Menge (weniger als 0,9 ppm in 12 h) im Urin gefunden. Aufgrund der geringen Menge eignet sich MPdG nicht als Biomarker. MPMA dagegen, lässt sich analytisch gut erfassen. Es sollte daher untersucht werden, ob MPMA die Toxifizierung des HMP wiederspiegelt. Die Voraussetzung dafür ist die Kenntnisse über das Metabolismusmuster von HMP. Es wurde daher umfassende Untersuchungen zum Metabolismus des HMP durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass mehr als 80 % der Metaboiten in ihrer oxidierten Form (PCS, deren Glucuronsäure-Konjugate sowie phenolische Sulfatester der PCS) ausgeschieden wurden. Demnach spielt die Oxidation des HMP zu PCS eine sehr wichtige Rolle bei der Detoxifizierung und Ausscheidung von HMP. Ferne konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die Enzyme Alkohol- und Aldehyd-Dehydrogenase an der Oxidation von HMP beteiligt waren. Die Inhibitoren Disulfiram und Ethanol der o. g. Enzyme wurde daher zur Modulation der Detoxifizierung in vivo eingesetzt

The Influence of Declining Air Lead Levels on Blood Lead–Air Lead Slope Factors in Children

PubMed Central

Richmond-Bryant, Jennifer; Davis, Allen; Cohen, Jonathan; Lu, Shou-En; Svendsgaard, David; Brown, James S.; Tuttle, Lauren; Hubbard, Heidi; Rice, Joann; Kirrane, Ellen; Vinikoor-Imler, Lisa C.; Kotchmar, Dennis; Hines, Erin P.; Ross, Mary

2014-01-01

Background: It is difficult to discern the proportion of blood lead (PbB) attributable to ambient air lead (PbA), given the multitude of lead (Pb) sources and pathways of exposure. The PbB–PbA relationship has previously been evaluated across populations. This relationship was a central consideration in the 2008 review of the Pb national ambient air quality standards. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between PbB and PbA concentrations among children nationwide for recent years and to compare the relationship with those obtained from other studies in the literature. Methods: We merged participant-level data for PbB from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) and NHANES 9908 (1999–2008) with PbA data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. We applied mixed-effects models, and we computed slope factor, d[PbB]/d[PbA] or the change in PbB per unit change in PbA, from the model results to assess the relationship between PbB and PbA. Results: Comparing the NHANES regression results with those from the literature shows that slope factor increased with decreasing PbA among children 0–11 years of age. Conclusion: These findings suggest that a larger relative public health benefit may be derived among children from decreases in PbA at low PbA exposures. Simultaneous declines in Pb from other sources, changes in PbA sampling uncertainties over time largely related to changes in the size distribution of Pb-bearing particulate matter, and limitations regarding sampling size and exposure error may contribute to the variability in slope factor observed across peer-reviewed studies. Citation: Richmond-Bryant J, Meng Q, Davis A, Cohen J, Lu SE, Svendsgaard D, Brown JS, Tuttle L, Hubbard H, Rice J, Kirrane E, Vinikoor-Imler LC, Kotchmar D, Hines EP, Ross M. 2014. The Influence of declining air lead levels on blood lead–air lead slope factors in children. Environ Health Perspect 122:754�

[Concepts of "urinary bladder" and "vesicles (bao)" , "jin ye" (fluid and humor) and "urine" and other associated issues].

PubMed

Son, J R; Liu, Y; Ma, Q N; Ju, B Z; Sun, K F; Wu, J D; Zhang, L D; Yang, G L

2017-09-28

In the Huang di nei jing ( Huangdi ' s Internal Classic ), jin ye (fluid and humor) is described in two senses, broad and narrow, though not so strictly.Sometimes, jin ye is explained ambiguously as "sweat" and "urine" , as in the phrase "the bladder, being a house of jin ye " , here " jin ye " refers to the urine. In the Qi jue lun pian of Su wen ( Chapter on Qi - Syncope of Plain Questions ) , the " bao " in the sentence "heat of bao moved to bladder" refersto the uterus. In the Shi cong rong lun pian ( Chapter of Readily Inspecting ) of Plain Questions , the "bladder" in the phrase "gallbladder, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, spleen, bao and bladder" , which, being an annotation of " bao " originally, is mistakenly incorporated into the text of the Classic . In the Wu wei lun of Ling shu ( On Five Tastes in Miraculous Pivot ) , the " bao " in " bao of bladder" refers to the external hou (external manifestation) of the bladder, that is the scrotum. In the Bei ji qian jin yao fang ( Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies ) , the short sentence " pang guang zou bao " is an error in itself. In the sentence of "settled in the bao and zhi causing to dream of defecation and urination" in the Yin xie fa meng (Dreams due to Evils) of Miraculous Pivot , " bao " refers to uterus, and " zhi " to anus. In Bi lun pian ( Chapter on Impediment ) of Plain Questions , "the man suffered bao bimight feel internal pain when the lesser abdomen and bladder are pressed" , here, " bao " refers to the bladder. In the Wu yin wu wei ( Chapter on Five Sound and Five Tastes ) of Miraculous Pivot , the " bao " in the sentence "thoroughfare vessel and conception vessel all starts from bao " , again, " bao " here refers to the bladder, rather than to the uterus. From the above descriptions of "bladder" and " bao " in the Huangdi ' s Internal Classic , the "bladder" in ancient medical books refers to the substantial bladder, an anatomical organ, and " bao

Improving the resolution of the 2010 Haiti earthquake fault geometry using temporary seismometer deployments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Douilly, R.; Haase, J. S.; Ellsworth, W. L.; Bouin, M.; Calais, E.; Armbruster, J. G.; Mercier De Lepinay, B. F.; Deschamps, A.; Saint Louis, M.; Meremonte, M. E.; Hough, S. E.

2011-12-01

Haiti has several active faults that are capable of producing large earthquakes such as the 2010 Mw 7.0 Haiti earthquake. This earthquake was not unexpected, given geodetic measurements showing strain accumulation on the Enriquillo Plantain Garden Fault Zone, the major fault system in southern Haiti (Manaker et al. 2008). GPS and INSAR data (Calais et al., 2010) show, however, that this rupture occurred on the previously unmapped Léogâne fault, a 60° north dipping oblique blind thrust located immediately north of the Enriquillo Fault. Following the earthquake, several groups installed temporary seismic stations to record aftershocks. Natural Resources Canada installed three broadband seismic stations, Géoazur installed 21 ocean bottom seismometers, L'Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris installed 5 broadband seismometers, and the United States Geological Survey deployed 17 short period and strong motion seismometers in and around Port-au-Prince. We use data from this complete set of stations, along with data from permanent regional stations, to relocate all of the events from March 17 to June 24, to determine the regional one-dimensional crustal structure and determine focal mechanisms. The aftershock locations from the combined data set clearly delineate the Léogâne fault. The strike and dip closely agrees with that of the global centroid moment tensor solution, but appears to be more steeply dipping than the finite fault inversions. The aftershocks also delineate a flat structure on the west side of the rupture zone and may indicate triggered seismicity on the Trois Baies fault, although the depths of these events are not as well constrained. There is no clear evidence for aftershocks on the other rupture segments inferred in the Hayes et al. (2010) mainshock rupture model. There is a cluster of aftershocks in the hanging wall near the western patch of high slip identified by Calais et al. (2010) and Meng et al. (2011), or central patch in the Hayes et al

Constraining the Type Ia Supernova Progenitor: The Search for Hydrogen in Nebular Spectra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Leonard, Douglas C.

2007-12-01

Despite intense scrutiny, the progenitor system(s) that gives rise to Type Ia supernovae remains unknown. The favored theory invokes a carbon-oxygen white dwarf accreting hydrogen-rich material from a close companion until a thermonuclear runaway ensues that incinerates the white dwarf. However, simulations resulting from this single-degenerate, binary channel demand the presence of low-velocity Hα emission in spectra taken during the late nebular phase, since a portion of the companion's envelope becomes entrained in the ejecta. This hydrogen has never been detected, but has only rarely been sought. Here we present results from a campaign to obtain deep, nebular-phase spectroscopy of nearby Type Ia supernovae, and include multiepoch observations of two events: SN 2005am (slightly subluminous) and SN 2005cf (normally bright). No Hα emission is detected in the spectra of either object. An upper limit of 0.01 Msolar of solar abundance material in the ejecta is established from the models of Mattila et al., which, when coupled with the mass-stripping simulations of Marietta et al. and Meng et al., effectively rules out progenitor systems for these supernovae with secondaries close enough to the white dwarf to be experiencing Roche lobe overflow at the time of explosion. Alternative explanations for the absence of Hα emission, along with suggestions for future investigations necessary to confidently exclude them as possibilities, are critically evaluated. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Additional observations were obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a

Four Examples of Short-Term and Imminent Prediction of Earthquakes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

zeng, zuoxun; Liu, Genshen; Wu, Dabin; Sibgatulin, Victor

2014-05-01

channel. In this way, the Minxian earthquake is successfully predicted. Short-Term and Medium-Term Prediction of Nantou Earthquake (Ms6.7) According to the analysis of the solar activity taking the sunspot number as the main factor, the two-time method of magnetic storm related to lunar phase, the analysis of the earthquake cloud and the intersection point of magnetic anomalies, We predicted that there would be an earthquake with magnitude of ML6.2 ± 0.4 occurring in Taiwan (24 ± 0.2, 121 ± 0.2E) before the mid-month of June, 2013. On May 27th, 2013, Jianwen Huang raised the alarm that the stresses were concentrating in Nantou county of Taiwan. On May 29th, he further raised the special alarm that intensive stresses were continuously concentrating. At 12:34 of June 2nd, 2013, a Ms6.7 (ML6.3) earthquake occurred in Nantou of Taiwan with the epicenter at (23.87N, 121.00E). Short-Term Prediction of Dujiangyan Earthquake (Ms4.1) At 17:16, June 3rd, 2013, on the basis of comprehensive analysis of the correspondence between cloud and ground observation by Dabing Wu, the strip degasification along the north part of the Longmenshan fracture zone and the satellite gravity anomalies of the area, Zuoxun Zeng made a prediction that the epicenter would be in (31N, 104E), the magnitude would be in Ms5.5 ± 0.5, the occurring time would be in 2 months. At 7:39, July 8th, 2013, an earthquake occurred at the border between Dujiangyan city and Wenchuan county (31.3N, 03.6E) with magnitude of Ms4.1. We name it Dujiangyan earthquake in the article.

List of Participants

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

2011-09-01

AbeTakashiUniversity of Tokyotabe@nt.phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp AmusiaMironRacah Institute of Physics, Jerusalemamusia@vms.huji.ac.il BaldoMarcelloINFN Cataniabaldo@ct.infn.it BansalManiePanjab University, Chandigarhbansalmanni@gmail.com BarrancoFranciscoUniversity of Sevillebarranco@us.es BertschGeorgeUniversity of Washington, Seattlebertsch@u.washington.edu BhagwatAmeeyaCBS Mumbaiameeya@kth.se BorderieBernardIPN Orsayborderie@ipno.in2p3.fr CarbonellJaumeLPSC Grenoblejaume.carbonell@lpsc.in2p3.fr CarlsonJoeLos Alamos National Laboratorycarlson@lanl.gov ColòGianlucaINFN - Università degli Studi di Milanocolo@mi.infn.it DanielewiczPawelNSCL, Michigan State Universitydanielewicz@nscl.msu.edu DescouvemontPierreUniversité Libre de Bruxellespdesc@ulb.ac.be Dohet-EralyJérémyUniversité Libre de Bruxellesjdoheter@ulb.ac.be DraayerJerryLouisiana State Universitydraayer@lsu.edu DufourMarianneIPHC, Université de Strasbourgmarianne.dufour@ires.in2p3.fr DuguetThomasCEA Saclaythomas.duguet@cea.fr DukelskyJorgeCSIC Madriddukelsky@iem.cfmac.csic.es EbranJean-PaulCEA-DAM, Arpajonebran@ipno.in2p3.fr FreerMartinUniversity of Birminghamm.freer@bham.ac.uk FujiiShinichiroUniversity of Tokyosfujii@cns.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp FunakiYasuroRIKEN Nishina Center, Wakofunaki@riken.jp GrassoMarcellaIPN Orsaygrasso@ipno.in2p3.fr HaginoKouichiTohoku Universityhagino@nucl.phys.tohoku.ac.jp HansenHubertUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1hansen@ipnl.in2p3.fr HolzmannMarkusLPMMC Grenoblemarkus@lptl.jussieu.fr HoriuchiHisashiRCNP, Osaka Universityhoriuchi@rcnp.osaka-u.ac.jp HoriuchiWataruGSI Darmstadtw.horiuchi@gsi.de HupinGuillaumeGANIL, Caenhupin@ganil.fr JinMengHuazhong Normal University, Wuhanjinm@iopp.ccnu.edu.cn KamimuraMasayasuRIKEN Nishina Center, Wakomkamimura@riken.jp Kanada-En'yoYoshikoKyoto Universityyenyo@ruby.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp KatoKiyoshiHokkaido University, Sapporokato@nucl.sci.hokudai.ac.jp KawabataTakahiroKyoto Universitykawabata@scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp KhanEliasIPN Orsaykhan@ipno.in2p3.fr

Inhibition of microRNA-214-5p promotes cell survival and extracellular matrix formation by targeting collagen type IV alpha 1 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

PubMed

Li, Q S; Meng, F Y; Zhao, Y H; Jin, C L; Tian, J; Yi, X J

2017-08-01

This study aimed to investigate the functional effects of microRNA (miR)-214-5p on osteoblastic cells, which might provide a potential role of miR-214-5p in bone fracture healing. Blood samples were obtained from patients with hand fracture or intra-articular calcaneal fracture and from healthy controls (HCs). Expression of miR-214-5p was monitored by qRT-PCR at day 7, 14 and 21 post-surgery. Mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were transfected with antisense oligonucleotides (ASO)-miR-214-5p, collagen type IV alpha 1 (COL4A1) vector or their controls; thereafter, cell viability, apoptotic rate, and the expression of collagen type I alpha 1 (COL1A1), type II collagen (COL-II), and type X collagen (COL-X) were determined. Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot were performed to ascertain whether COL4A1 was a target of miR-214-5p. Plasma miR-214-5p was highly expressed in patients with bone fracture compared with HCs after fracture (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Inhibition of miR-214-5p increased the viability of MC3T3-E1 cells and the expressions of COL1A1 and COL-X, but decreased the apoptotic rate and COL-II expression (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). COL4A1 was a target of miR-214-5p, and was negatively regulated by miR-214-5p (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). Overexpression of COL4A1 showed a similar impact on cell viability, apoptotic rate, and COL1A1, COL-II, and COL-X expressions inhibiting miR-214-5p (p < 0.01). Inhibition of miR-214-5p promotes cell survival and extracellular matrix (ECM) formation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells by targeting COL4A1. Cite this article: Q. S. Li, F. Y. Meng, Y. H. Zhao, C. L. Jin, J. Tian, X. J. Yi. Inhibition of microRNA-214-5p promotes cell survival and extracellular matrix formation by targeting collagen type IV alpha 1 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:464-471. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.68.BJR-2016-0208.R2. © 2017 Yi et al.

Deformation and seismic anisotropy of silicate post-perovskite in the Earth's lowermost mantle

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

wu, X.; Lin, J.; Mao, Z.; Liu, J.; Kaercher, P. M.; Wenk, H.; Prakapenka, V.; Zhuravlev, K. K.

2013-12-01

geodynamic model and interpret the potential mechanism of the seismic anisotropy origin of the D' layer. [1] Nowacki A, Wookey J, and Kendall, Nature 467, 1091 (2010). [2] Merkel S, McNamara A K, Kubo A, Speziale S, Miyagi L, Meng Y, Duffy T S, and Wenk H R, Science 316, 1729 (2007). [3] Miyagi L, Kanitpanyacharoen W, Kaercher P, Lee K K M, and Wenk H R, Sicence 329, 1639 (2010). [4] Metsue A, and Tsuchiya T, Proc. Jpn. Acad., Ser. B89, 51 (2013).

Coupled multiphase reactive flow and mineral dissolution-precipitation kinetics: Examples of long-term CO2 sequestration in Utsira Sand, Norway and Mt. Simon Formation, Midwest USA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhang, Y.; Zhang, G.; Lu, P.; Hu, B.; Zhu, C.

2017-12-01

The extent of CO2 mineralization after CO2 injection into deep saline aquifers is a result of the complex coupling of multiphase fluid flow, mass transport, and brine-mineral reactions. The effects of dissolution rate laws and groundwater flow on the long-term fate of CO2 have been seriously overlooked. To investigate these effects, we conducted multiphase (CO2 and brine) coupled reactive transport modeling of CO2 storage in two sandy formations (Utsira Sand, Norway1,2 and Mt. Simon formation, USA 3) using ToughReact and simulated a series of scenarios. The results indicated that: (1) Different dissolution rate laws for feldspars can significantly affect the amount of CO2 mineralization. Increased feldspar dissolution will promote CO2 mineral trapping through the coupling between feldspar dissolution and carbonate mineral precipitation at raised pH. The predicted amount of CO2 mineral trapping when using the principle of detailed balancing-based rate law for feldspar dissolution is about twice as much as that when using sigmoidal rate laws in the literature. (2) Mineral trapping is twice as much when regional groundwater flow is taken into consideration in long-term simulations (e.g., 10,000 years) whereas most modeling studies neglected the regional groundwater flow back and effectively simulated a batch reactor process. Under the influence of regional groundwater flow, the fresh brine from upstream continuously dissolves CO2 at the tail of CO2 plume, generating a large acidified area where large amount of CO2 mineralization takes place. The upstream replenishment of groundwater results in ˜22% mineral trapping at year 10,000, compared to ˜4% when this effect is ignored. Refs: 1Zhang, G., Lu, P., Wei, X., Zhu, C. (2016). Impacts of Mineral Reaction Kinetics and Regional Groundwater Flow on Long-Term CO2 Fate at Sleipner. Energy & Fuels, 30(5), 4159-4180. 2Zhu, C., Zhang, G., Lu, P., Meng, L., Ji, X. (2015). Benchmark modeling of the Sleipner CO2 plume

Pyroxenite and peridotite xenoliths from Hexigten, Inner Mongolia: Insights into the Paleo-Asian Ocean subduction-related melt/fluid-peridotite interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zou, Dongya; Liu, Yongsheng; Hu, Zhaochu; Gao, Shan; Zong, Keqing; Xu, Rong; Deng, Lixu; He, Detao; Gao, Changgui

2014-09-01

The in situ major, trace-element and Sr-isotopic compositions of the peridotite and pyroxenite xenoliths from the Hexigten region in the Xing-Meng orogenic belt (XMOB) were examined to evaluate the influences and contributions of the Paleo-Asian Oceanic slab subduction on the lithospheric mantle transformation. Pyroxenes in the Type 1 pyroxenite exhibit low and variable Mg# (67-85) and relatively high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7036-0.7053), indicating that they were formed by assimilation and fractional crystallization processes during a basaltic underplating event. The peridotite and Type 2 pyroxenite xenoliths sampled the lithospheric mantle and recorded subduction-related metasomatism. The mineral chemistries of the Type 1 peridotite suggest that the lithospheric mantle beneath this area suffered 1-15% melt extraction. Clinopyroxene (Cpx) in some Type 1 peridotites are characterized by high (La/Yb)N coupled with marked depletions in high field strength elements (HFSE) (Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti) and negative correlations between the low Ti/Eu (Nb/La) and 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7037-0.7055), suggesting metasomatism by subduction-related CO2-rich fluids. Olivine (Ol) and orthopyroxene (Opx) in the Type 2 peridotite are characterized by a relatively low Mg# but high Ni contents. In addition to the normal incompatible element-depleted Opx, Opx with enrichments in Rb, Ba, Th, U, Nb, Ta and LREE were observed, as well. The Mg# of incompatible element-depleted Opx exhibits weak zonations (i.e., decreasing from the cores to the rims). Cpx and Opx of the Type 2 pyroxenite exhibit similarly high Mg# and Ni contents. Rb, Ba, Th, U, Nb, Ta and LREE contents and 87Sr/86Sr ratios of the Cpx increase from the cores to the rims. Moreover, Opx in the Type 2 peridotite and Cpx in the Type 2 pyroxenite exhibit increased Nb/Ta ratios and Ni contents relative to those in the Type 1 peridotites. These observations collectively suggest a rutile-bearing eclogite-derived silicic melt

The Gap in Medical Informatics and Continuing Education Between the United States and China: A Comparison of Conferences in 2016.

PubMed

Liang, Jun; Wei, Kunyan; Meng, Qun; Chen, Zhenying; Zhang, Jiajie; Lei, Jianbo

2017-06-21

economy and the substantial investment in MI, the output in terms of conferences remains low. The impact of conferences on continuing education to professionals is not significant. Chinese researchers and professionals should approach MI with greater rigor, including validated research methods, formal training, and effective continuing education, in order to utilize knowledge gained by other countries and to expand collaboration. ©Jun Liang, Kunyan Wei, Qun Meng, Zhenying Chen, Jiajie Zhang, Jianbo Lei. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 21.06.2017.

3D model of radionuclide dispersion in coastal areas with multifraction cohesive and non-cohesive sediments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brovchenko, Igor; Maderich, Vladimir; Jung, Kyung Tae

2015-04-01

áñez, R. Abril, J.M., Garcia-Leon, M. (1996). Modelling the dispersion of non-conservative radionuclides in tidal waters'Part 1: conceptual and mathematical model. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 31 (2), 127-141 Roland, A., Y. J. Zhang, H. V. Wang, Y. Meng, Y.-C. Teng, V. Maderich, I. Brovchenko, M. Dutour-Sikiric, and U. Zanke (2012), A fully coupled 3D wave-current interaction model on unstructured grids, J. Geophys. Res., 117, C00J33 Pinto L., Fortunato A.B., Zhang Y., Oliveira A., Sancho F.E.P. (2012) Development and validation of a three-dimensional morphodynamic modelling system for non-cohesive sediments, Ocean Modell., (57-58), 1-14

Slip reactivation during the 2011 Tohoku earthquake: Dynamic rupture and ground motion simulations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Galvez, P.; Dalguer, L. A.

2013-12-01

areas of big slip (>50m) close to the trench. Within the first 2km bellow the trench a negative stress drop has been imposed in order to represent the energy absorption zone that attenuates a high frequency radiation at the shallow part of the suduction zone. At down dip, where high frequency radiation burst has been detected from back projection techniques, e.g. [Meng et. al, 2011; Ishi , 2011], small asperities has been considered in our dynamic rupture model. Finally, a comparison of static geodetic free surface displacement and synthetics has been made to obtain our best model. We additionally compare seismograms with the aim to represent the main features of the strong ground motion recorded from this earthquake. Moreover, the spatial-temporal rupture evolution detected by back projection at down dip is in a good agreement with the rupture evolution of our dynamic model.

The power of event-driven analytics in Large Scale Data Processing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sebastiao, Nuno; Marques, Paulo

2011-02-24

left ESA to found FeedZai, Nuno is currently responsible for the whole operations of the company. Nuno holds an M.Eng. in Informatics Engineering for the University of Coimbra, and an MBA from the London Business School. Paulo Marques is the CTO of FeedZai, being responsible for product development. Paulo is an Assistant Professor at the University of Coimbra, in the area of Distributed Data Processing, and an Adjunct Associated Professor at Carnegie Mellon, in the US. In the past Paulo lead a large number of projects for institutions like the ESA, Microsoft Research, SciSys, Siemens, among others, being now fully dedicated to FeedZai. Paulo holds a Ph.D. in Distributed Systems from the University of Coimbra.« less

The power of event-driven analytics in Large Scale Data Processing

ScienceCinema

None

2017-12-09

currently responsible for the whole operations of the company. Nuno holds an M.Eng. in Informatics Engineering for the University of Coimbra, and an MBA from the London Business School. Paulo Marques is the CTO of FeedZai, being responsible for product development. Paulo is an Assistant Professor at the University of Coimbra, in the area of Distributed Data Processing, and an Adjunct Associated Professor at Carnegie Mellon, in the US. In the past Paulo lead a large number of projects for institutions like the ESA, Microsoft Research, SciSys, Siemens, among others, being now fully dedicated to FeedZai. Paulo holds a Ph.D. in Distributed Systems from the University of Coimbra.

Viscous Dissipation and Criticality of Subducting Slabs

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Riedel, Mike; Karato, Shun; Yuen, Dave

2016-04-01

Supercomputing Institute Research Report, UMSI 99/129: 21 pages, 1999. [2] Karato, S., Riedel, M. R., Yuen, D. A. Rheological structure and deformation of subducted slabs in the mantle transition zone: implications for mantle circulation and deep earthquakes. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 127, doi:10.1016/S0031-9201(01)00223-0, 2001. [3] Buffett, B. A., Becker, T. W., Bending stress and dissipation in subducted lithosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research, 117, doi:10.1029/2012JB009205, 2012. [4] Zhan, Z., Kanamori, H., Tsai, V. C., Helmberger, D. V., Wei, S., Rupture complexity of the 1994 Bolivia and 2013 Sea of Okhotsk deep earthquakes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 385, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.028, 2014. [5] Meng, L., Ampuero, J.-P., Bürgmann, R., The 2013 Okhotsk deep-focus earthquake: Rupture beyond the metastable olivine wedge and thermally controlled rise time near the edge of a slab. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, doi:10.1002/2014GL059968, 2014.

Understanding on Soil Inorganic Carbon Transformation in North China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Guitong; Yang, Lifang; Zhang, Chenglei; Zhang, Hongjie

2015-04-01

Soil total carbon balance in long-term fertilization field experiments in North China Plain. Four long-term fertilization experiments (20-30 years) were investigated on SOC in 40 cm, calcium carbonate and active carbonate (AC) in 180 or 100 cm soil profile, δ13C values of SOC and δ13C and δ18O values of carbonate in soil profile, particle distribution of SOC and SIC in main soil layers, and ratios of pedogenic carbonate (PC) in SIC and C3-SOC in SOC. The most important conclusion is that fertilization of more than 20 years can produce detectable impact on pool size, profile distribution, ratio of active component and PC of SIC, which make it clear that SIC pool must be considered in the proper evaluation of the response of soil carbon balance to human activities in arid and semi-arid region. Land use impact on soil total carbon pool in Inner Mongolia. With the data of the second survey of soils in Inner Mongolia and the 58 soil profile data from Wu-lan-cha-bu-meng and Xi-lin-hao-te, combining with the 13C and 18O techniques, SIC density and stock in Inner Mongolia is estimated. The main conclusion is that soils in inner Mongolia have the same level of SOC and SIC, with the density in 100cm pedons of 8.97 kg•m-2 and 8.61 kg•m-2, respectively. Meanwhile, the significantly positive relationship between SOC and SIC in A layer indicates co-sequestration of SOC and SIC exist. Evaluation of the methods for measuring CA enzyme activity in soil. In laboratory, method in literature to measure CA activity in soil sample was repeated, and found it was not valid indeed. The failure could not attribute to the disturbance of common ions like NO3-, SO42-, Ca2+, and Mg2+. The adsorption of CA to soil material was testified as the main reason for that failure. A series of extractants were tested but no one can extract the adsorbed CA and be used in measuring CA activity in soil sample. Carbonate transformation in field with straw returned and biochar added. In 2009, a field

Online Self-Tracking Groups to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Intake: A Small-Scale Study on Mechanisms of Group Effect on Behavior Change.

PubMed

Meng, Jingbo; Peng, Wei; Shin, Soo Yun; Chung, Minwoong

2017-03-06

between a focal participant and his/her group members during the experiment), such that participants who had a low performance discrepancy from other group members had greater fruit and vegetable consumption than participants who had a high performance discrepancy from other group members (P=.002). A mediation test showed that low performance discrepancy led to greater downward contrast (b=-0.78, 95% CI -2.44 to -0.15), which in turn led to greater fruit and vegetable consumption. Online self-tracking groups were more effective than self-tracking alone in promoting fruit and vegetable consumption for early young adults. Low performance discrepancy from other group members lead to downward contrast, which in turn increased participants' fruit and vegetable consumption over time. The study highlighted social comparison processes in online groups that allow for sharing personal health information. Lastly, given the small scale of this study, nonsignificant results with small effect sizes might be subject to bias. ©Jingbo Meng, Wei Peng, Soo Yun Shin, Minwoong Chung. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 06.03.2017.

What to Build for Middle-Agers to Come? Attractive and Necessary Functions of Exercise-Promotion Mobile Phone Apps: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PubMed

Liao, Gen-Yih; Chien, Yu-Tai; Chen, Yu-Jen; Hsiung, Hsiao-Fang; Chen, Hsiao-Jung; Hsieh, Meng-Hua; Wu, Wen-Jie

2017-05-25

with 14 design features, medium level with 6 features, whereas low-level participants are recommended with 1 feature. The analysis suggests that the implementation of demanded features could be low, as the average prevalence of demanded design features is 20% (4.3/21). Surprisingly, social comparison and social support, most implemented features in current apps, were categorized into the indifferent category. The magnitude of effect is larger for MPSE because it effects quality perception of more design features than PA. Delving into the 52 regression models revealed that high MPSE more likely induces attractive or one- dimensional categorization, suggesting the importance of technological self-efficacy on eHealth care promotion. This study is the first to propose middle-agers' needs in relation to mobile phone exercise-promotion. In addition to the tailor-made recommendations, suggestions are offered to app designers to enhance the performance of persuasive features. An interesting finding on change of quality perception attributed to MPSE is proposed as future research. ©Gen-Yih Liao, Yu-Tai Chien, Yu-Jen Chen, Hsiao-Fang Hsiung, Hsiao-Jung Chen, Meng-Hua Hsieh, Wen-Jie Wu. Originally published in JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth (http://mhealth.jmir.org), 25.05.2017.

TECHNICAL REPORT

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

DR. ROBERT SINGER

2007-10-11

Because this DOE grant was abruptly terminated without warning, this group was not able to accomplish the insertion of the biosensor genes into the mouse lines. They have been able to generate some of the mouse lines but have not been able to complete the ones that would give them the model systems that would allow them to investigate metastasis real-time in living tumors at the cellular level. Nonetheless, until the loss of funding, they have made progress in applications of the equipment to biological problems involving RNA and protein movement in living cells. The following products were delivered: (1)more » Imaging of gene expression in living cells and tissues, Singer RH, Lawrence DS, Ovryn B, Condeelis J, J Biomed Optics 10:0514061-0514069, 2005. This paper describes the method for activating single genes within cells and tissues. (2) Single Cell Gene Expression Profiling: Multiplexed Expression Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH): Application to the Analysis of Cultured Cells. Levsky JM, Braut SA, Singer RH, Cell Biology: A Laboratory Handbook Volume 4, eds Celis JE, et al, 121-130. Academic Press, 2005. This paper describes the methodology for single cell expression profiling in tissues. (3) Spatial regulation of beta-actin translation by Src-dependent phosphorylation of ZBP1, Huttelmaier S, Zenklusen D, Lederer M, Dictenberg J, Lorenz M, Meng X, Bassell GJ, Condeelis J, Singer RH, Nature 438:512-515, 2005. This paper describes the mechanism by which the translational repressor of actin mRNA ZBP1 can effect regulation of cell motility and metastasis. (4) Visualization of mRNA translation in living cells, Rodriguez AJ, Shenoy SM, Singer RH, Condeelis J, J Cell Biol 175:67-76, 2006. This work describes a method to visualize mRNA translation in single cells. (5) Imaging mRNA movement from transcription sites to translation sites, Rodriguez AJ, Condeelis J, Singer RH, Dictenberg JB, Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:202-208, 2007. This review describes current

The NRL 2011 Airborne Sea-Ice Thickness Campaign

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brozena, J. M.; Gardner, J. M.; Liang, R.; Ball, D.; Richter-Menge, J.

2011-12-01

In March of 2011, the US Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) performed a study focused on the estimation of sea-ice thickness from airborne radar, laser and photogrammetric sensors. The study was funded by ONR to take advantage of the Navy's ICEX2011 ice-camp /submarine exercise, and to serve as a lead-in year for NRL's five year basic research program on the measurement and modeling of sea-ice scheduled to take place from 2012-2017. Researchers from the Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) and NRL worked with the Navy Arctic Submarine Lab (ASL) to emplace a 9 km-long ground-truth line near the ice-camp (see Richter-Menge et al., this session) along which ice and snow thickness were directly measured. Additionally, US Navy submarines collected ice draft measurements under the groundtruth line. Repeat passes directly over the ground-truth line were flown and a grid surrounding the line was also flown to collect altimeter, LiDAR and Photogrammetry data. Five CRYOSAT-2 satellite tracks were underflown, as well, coincident with satellite passage. Estimates of sea ice thickness are calculated assuming local hydrostatic balance, and require the densities of water, ice and snow, snow depth, and freeboard (defined as the elevation of sea ice, plus accumulated snow, above local sea level). Snow thickness is estimated from the difference between LiDAR and radar altimeter profiles, the latter of which is assumed to penetrate any snow cover. The concepts we used to estimate ice thickness are similar to those employed in NASA ICEBRIDGE sea-ice thickness estimation. Airborne sensors used for our experiment were a Reigl Q-560 scanning topographic LiDAR, a pulse-limited (2 nS), 10 GHz radar altimeter and an Applanix DSS-439 digital photogrammetric camera (for lead identification). Flights were conducted on a Twin Otter aircraft from Pt. Barrow, AK, and averaged ~ 5 hours in duration. It is challenging to directly compare results from the swath LiDAR with the

PREFACE: Eurotherm Conference No. 95: Computational Thermal Radiation in Participating Media IV

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boulet, Pascal; Lacroix, David; Lemonnier, Denis; Lybaert, Paul; Selçuk, Nevin

2012-06-01

Scientific Committee R BialeckiSTU Gliwice, Poland P CoehloInstituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal L A DombrovskyIHT, Moscow, Russia M El HafiENSTIMAC, Albi, France J HowellUniversity of Texas, Austin, USA S KumarPolytechnic University of New York, USA W LipinskiUniversity of Minnesota, USA F LiuInstitute for Chemical Process and Environmental Technology, Canada W MalalasekeraLoughborough University, UK S MaruyamaInstitute of Fluid Science, Tohoku, Japan M P MengüçOzyeğin University, Istanbul, Turkey M MishchenkoNASA Goddard Institute, USA M F ModestUniversity of California, USA L PilonUniversity of California, Los Angeles, USA S RukolaineIoffe Institute, St Petersburg, Russia C SalinasUniversity of Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil A SoufianiÉcole Centrale, Paris, France R VaillonCETHIL INSA, Lyon, France B WebbBrigham Young University, USA Z ZhangGeorgia Institute of Technology, USA H C ZhouHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China Guest Editors P Boulet Université de Lorraine, LEMTA, CNRS, France pascal.boulet@univ-lorraine.fr D Lacroix Université de Lorraine, LEMTA, CNRS, France david.lacroix@univ-lorraine.fr D Lemonnier PPrime Institute, CNRS -- ENSMA, University of Poitiers, France denis.lemonnier@ensma.fr P Lybaert UMONS, Thermal Engineering and Combustion Laboratory, Belgium paul.lybaert@umons.ac.be N Selçuk Middle East Technical University, Turkey selcuk@metu.edu.tr

Simulations of curved assemblies in soft matter and biological systems

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Qiao, Cong

regularly packed regions with local hexagonal order and vacancies. A similar lattice structure has been observed in experiments in which mutually attractive colloidal particles pack on the surface of a spherical droplet (G. Meng, J. Paulose, D. R. Nelson, and V. N. Manoharan, ''Elastic instability of a crystal growing on a curved surface'', Science 343, 634-637 (2014).), suggesting that the two systems experience a similar form of geometric frustration. We therefore study the adsorption and packing of spherical particles on a spherical template, as a function of the strength and range of interparticle attractions, as well as the radius of the spherical template. We observe that the adsorbed particles form two different classes of packing arrangements, one with icosahedrally ordered topological defects, and the other with highly disordered defects and vacancies. The latter regime is consistent with experiments on colloidal packing on spherical droplets and the immature HIV lattice. Our results suggest that the transition between these regimes is controlled by the range of the interparticle attractions. In the last chapter, we study a model for the assembly and budding of a capsid on a membrane, such as occurs during the exit of the immature HIV virus from a cell. We use a coarse-grained subunit model to represent the capsid proteins, and a fluid membrane model to represent the cell membrane. We find that the size and structure of the assembled capsid depends sensitively on the timescale of budding.

Using DInSAR as a tool to detect unstable terrain areas in an Andes region in Ecuador (South America)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mayorga Torres, Tannia

2014-05-01

deeper into vegetation cover than C band (Raucoules et al., 2007). The study processed ERS with descending orbit and ALOS with ascending orbit, due to the availability of data. Ferretti et al. (2007) said that ERS looks to the right and a slope mainly oriented to the west could have foreshortening effect in ascending orbit. Wei & Sandwell (2010) mention that ALOS in ascending orbit identifies vertical mass movements along fault systems; however, descending data has better geometry to measure mass movements. The study has fewer scenes in descending orbit. For further work, ALOS 2 will let to have more data in descending orbit. 4. CENTRAL CONCLUSIONS For mass movement having high-resolution radar is the best option; however, this data is not useful on all due to cover vegetation. Characterizing mass movements in Ecuador in necessary to put monitoring systems to avoid economic and human lost. Processing ERS and ALOS data was very useful because penetration band results were clearly identified in coherence masks. The result of Stacking DInSAR did not show clearly fringes, indeed the amount of interferograms were no enough for this technique. Researching other DInSAR techniques is necessary due to the singular characteristics of Ecuador. 5. REFERENCES Ferretti Alessandro, Monti-Guarnieri Andrea, Prati Claudio, Rocca Fabio, Massonnet Didier (2007). InSAR Principles: Guidelines for SAR Interferometry Processing and Interpretation (TM-19, Febrero 2007). K. Fletcher, Agencia Espacial Europea Publicaciones. ESTEC. Postbus 2009. 2200 AG Noordwijk. The Netherlands. Raucoules Daniel, Colesanti Carlo, Carnec Claudie (2007). "Use of SAR interferometry for detecting and assessing ground subsidence." C. R. Geoscience 339(289-302): 14. Sandwell David T., Price Evelyn J. (1998). "Phase gradient approach to stacking interferograms." Journal of Geophysical Research 103(N. B12): 30, 183-30, 204. Wei Meng, Sandwell David T (2010). "Decorrelation of L-Band and C-Band Interferometry Over

3D characterization of crack propagation in building stones

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Fusi, N.; Martinez-Martinez, J.; Crosta, G. B.

2012-04-01

Opening of fractures can strongly modify mechanical characteristics of natural stones and thus significantly decrease stability of historical and modern buildings. It is commonly thought that fractures origin from pre-existing structures of the rocks, such as pores, veins, stylolythes (Meng and Pan, 2007; Yang et al., 2008). The aim of this study is to define relationships between crack formation and textural characteristics in massive carbonate lithologies and to follow the evolution of fractures with loading. Four well known Spanish building limestones and dolostones have been analysed: Amarillo Triana (AT): a yellow dolomitic marble, with fissures filled up by calcite and Fe oxides or hydroxides; Blanco Tranco (BT): a homogeneous white calcitic marble with pore clusters orientated parallel to metamorphic foliation; Crema Valencia (CV): a pinkish limestone (mudstone), characterized by abundant stilolythes, filled mainly by quartz (80%) and kaolin (11%); Rojo Cehegin (RC): a red fossiliferous limestone (packstone) with white veins, made up exclusively by calcite in crystals up to 300 micron. All lithotypes are characterized by homogeneous mineralogical composition (calcitic or dolomitic) and low porosity (<10%). Three cores 20 mm in diameter have been obtained for each lithotype. Uniaxial compressive tests have been carried out in order to induce sample fracturing by a series of successive steps with application of a progressive normal stress. Crack propagation has been checked after each stress level application by microCT-RX following Hg impregnation of the sample (in a Hg porosimeter). Combination of both tests (microCT-RX and Hg porosimeter) guarantees a better characterization of small defects and their progressive propagation inside low-porous rocks than by employing solely microCT-RX (Fusi et al., 2009). Due to the reduced dimensions of sample holder (dilatometers) in porosimeter, cores have been cut with a non standard h/d = 1.5. Several cycles of: a) Hg

Nuclear Structure in China 2010

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bai, Hong-Bo; Meng, Jie; Zhao, En-Guang; Zhou, Shan-Gui

2011-08-01

Personal view on nuclear physics research / Jie Meng -- High-spin level structures in [symbol]Zr / X. P. Cao ... [et al.] -- Constraining the symmetry energy from the neutron skin thickness of tin isotopes / Lie-Wen Chen ... [et al.] -- Wobbling rotation in atomic nuclei / Y. S. Chen and Zao-Chun Gao -- The mixing of scalar mesons and the possible nonstrange dibaryons / L. R. Dai ... [et al.] -- Net baryon productions and gluon saturation in the SPS, RHIC and LHC energy regions / Sheng-Qin Feng -- Production of heavy isotopes with collisions between two actinide nuclides / Z. Q. Feng ... [et al.] -- The projected configuration interaction method / Zao-Chun Gao and Yong-Shou Chen -- Applications of Nilsson mean-field plus extended pairing model to rare-earth nuclei / Xin Guan ... [et al.] -- Complex scaling method and the resonant states / Jian-You Guo ... [et al.] -- Probing the equation of state by deep sub-barrier fusion reactions / Hong-Jun Hao and Jun-Long Tian -- Doublet structure study in A[symbol]105 mass region / C. Y. He ... [et al.] -- Rotational bands in transfermium nuclei / X. T. He -- Shape coexistence and shape evolution [symbol]Yb / H. Hua ... [et al.] -- Multistep shell model method in the complex energy plane / R. J. Liotta -- The evolution of protoneutron stars with kaon condensate / Ang Li -- High spin structures in the [symbol]Lu nucleus / Li Cong-Bo ... [et al.] -- Nuclear stopping and equation of state / QingFeng Li and Ying Yuan -- Covariant description of the low-lying states in neutron-deficient Kr isotopes / Z. X. Li ... [et al.] -- Isospin corrections for superallowed [symbol] transitions / HaoZhao Liang ... [et al.] -- The positive-parity band structures in [symbol]Ag / C. Liu ... [et al.] -- New band structures in odd-odd [symbol]I and [symbol]I / Liu GongYe ... [et al.] -- The sd-pair shell model and interacting boson model / Yan-An Luo ... [et al.] -- Cross-section distributions of fragments in the calcium isotopes projectile

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Graetz J.; Meng, Y.S.; McGilvray, T.

to the composite electrodes/electrolyte interfaces in conventional lithium ion batteries, depicted in Fig.1b, where quantitative interface characterization is extremely difficult if not impossible. A second strategy involves organic electrolyte, though this approach more closely resembles the actual operation conditions of a LIB, the extreme volatility In Situ Analytical Electron Microscopy for Probing Nanoscale Electrochemistry by Ying Shirley Meng, Thomas McGilvray, Ming-Che Yang, Danijel Gostovic, Feng Wang, Dongli Zeng, Yimei Zhu, and Jason Graetz of the organic electrolytes present significant challenges for designing an in situ cell that is suitable for the vacuum environment of the TEM. Significant progress has been made in the past few years on the development of in situ electron microscopy for probing nanoscale electrochemistry. In 2008, Brazier et al. reported the first cross-section observation of an all solid-state lithium ion nano-battery by TEM. In this study the FIB was used to make a 'nano-battery,' from an all solid-state battery prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). In situ TEM observations were not possible at that time due to several key challenges such as the lack of a suitable biasing sample holder and vacuum transfer of sample. In 2010, Yamamoto et al. successfully observed changes of electric potential in an all-solid-state lithium ion battery in situ with electron holography (EH). The 2D potential distribution resulting from movement of lithium ions near the positive-electrode/electrolyte interface was quantified. More recently Huang et al. and Wang et al. reported the in situ observations of the electrochemical lithiation of a single SnO{sub 2} nanowire electrode in two different in situ setups. In their approach, a vacuum compatible ionic liquid is used as the electrolyte, eliminating the need for complicated membrane sealing to prevent the evaporation of carbonate based organic electrolyte into the TEM column. One main limitation of

PREFACE: International Conference on Magnetism (ICM 2009)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goll, Gernot; Löhneysen, Hilbert v.; Loidl, Alois; Pruschke, Thomas; Richter, Manuel; Schultz, Ludwig; Sürgers, Christoph; Wosnitza, Jochen

2010-11-01

helped to run the conference. We are grateful for financial support to Universität Karlsruhe (TH) and Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (both institutions merged to form the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) as of 1 October 2009), International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP), the City of Karlsruhe, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German National Science Foundation) and the European Commission through COST MPNS Action P16. Hilbert v Löhneysen Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Email address: hilbert.loehneysen@kit.edu Logo Conference Organization Chairperson Hilbert v Löhneysen, Karlsruhe Members of IUPAP Commission 9 Magnetism C Chang, TaipeiD Kaczorowski, Wroclaw khrouhou, SfaxP H Kes, Leiden M A Continentino, NiteróiS Maekawa, Sendai D E Dahlberg, MinnesotaI Mertig, Halle D Fiorani, RomaD McMorow, London M R Freeman, EdmontonS Rezende, Recife D Givord, GrenobleS Sanvito, Dublin A Granovsky, MoscowJ Xiaofeng, Shanghai International Advisory Board G Aeppli, UKM Gingras, Canada I Affleck, CanadaJ C Gomez Sal, Spain J Akimitsu, JapanP A Grünberg, Germany D Awschalom, USAB Heinrich, Canada S D Bader, USAT J Hicks, Australia E Baggio-Saitovitch, BrazilM R Ibarra, Spain M N Baibich, BrazilY H Jeong, Korea G Baskaran, IndiaB Keimer, Germany E Bauer, AustriaG Kotliar, USA R J Birgeneau, USAR B Laughlin, USA P Bruno, GermanyP A Lee, USA J Chapman, UKG G Lonzarich, UK Y Endoh, JapanA MacDonald, USA A Fert, FranceM B Maple, USA J Fink, GermanyA J Millis, USA Z Fisk, USAL W Molenkamp, Germany J Flouquet, FranceJ A Mydosh, Germany A J Freeman, USAY Maeno, Japan H Fukuyama, JapanK Miyake, Japan P Fulde, GermanyP Nordblad, Sweden H Ohno, JapanF Steglich, Germany H R Ott, SwitzerlandT Takabatake, Japan Y Onuki, JapanJ L Tholence, France S S P Parkin, USAY Tokura, Japan A P Ramirez, USAK Ueda, Japan T M Rice, SwitzerlandD Vollhardt, Germany Z X Shen, USAE F Wassermann, Germany S -C Shin, KoreaM K Wu, Taiwan T Shinjo, JapanD Y Xing, China J C Slonczewski, USAY D Yao

Influence of Coronal Abundance Variations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Scargle, Jeffrey D. (Technical Monitor); Kashyap, Vinay

2005-01-01

The PI of this project was Jeff Scargle of NASA/Ames. Co-I's were Alma Connors of Eureka Scientific/Wellesley, and myself. Part of the work was subcontracted to Eureka Scientific via SAO, with Vinay Kashyap as PI. This project was originally assigned grant number NCC2-1206, and was later changed to NCC2-1350 for administrative reasons. The goal of the project was to obtain, derive, and develop statistical and data analysis tools that would be of use in the analyses of high-resolution, high-sensitivity data that are becoming available with new instruments. This is envisioned as a cross-disciplinary effort with a number of "collaborators" including some at SA0 (Aneta Siemiginowska, Peter Freeman) and at the Harvard Statistics department (David van Dyk, Rostislav Protassov, Xiao-li Meng, Epaminondas Sourlas, et al). We have developed a new tool to reliably measure the metallicities of thermal plasma. It is unfeasible to obtain high-resolution grating spectra for most stars, and one must make the best possible determination based on lower-resolution, CCD-type spectra. It has been noticed that most analyses of such spectra have resulted in measured metallicities that were significantly lower than when compared with analyses of high- resolution grating data where available (see, e.g., Brickhouse et al., 2000, ApJ 530,387). Such results have led to the proposal of the existence of so-called Metal Abundance Deficient, or "MAD" stars (e.g., Drake, J.J., 1996, Cool Stars 9, ASP Conf.Ser. 109, 203). We however find that much of these analyses may be systematically underestimating the metallicities, and using a newly developed method to correctly treat the low-counts regime at the high-energy tail of the stellar spectra (van Dyk et al. 2001, ApJ 548,224), have found that the metallicities of these stars are generally comparable to their photospheric values. The results were reported at the AAS (Sourlas, Yu, van Dyk, Kashyap, and Drake, 2000, BAAS 196, v32, #54.02), and at the

PREFACE: Ultrathin layers of graphene, h-BN and other honeycomb structures Ultrathin layers of graphene, h-BN and other honeycomb structures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Geber, Thomas; Oshima, Chuhei

2012-08-01

Kusunoki Mechanical exfoliation of epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) enabled by Br2 intercalationCharlotte Herbig, Markus Kaiser, Nedjma Bendiab, Stefan Schumacher, Daniel F Förster, Johann Coraux, Klaus Meerholz, Thomas Michely and Carsten Busse Low energy electron microscopy and photoemission electron microscopy investigation of grapheneK L Man and M S Altman Periodic overlayers and moiré patterns: theoretical studies of geometric propertiesKlaus Hermann Silicene structures on silver surfacesHanna Enriquez, Sébastien Vizzini, Abdelkader Kara, Boubekeur Lalmi and Hamid Oughaddou Contrast inversion of the h-BN nanomesh investigated by nc-AFM and Kelvin probe force microscopyS Koch, M Langer, S Kawai, E Meyer and Th Glatzel Probing the electronic structure and optical response of a graphene quantum disk supported on monolayer grapheneWu Zhou, Stephen J Pennycook and Juan-Carlos Idrobo Multi-oriented moiré superstructures of graphene on Ir(111): experimental observations and theoretical modelsLei Meng, Rongting Wu, Lizhi Zhang, Linfei Li, Shixuan Du, Yeliang Wang and H-J Gao The physics of epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001)H Kageshima, H Hibino and S Tanabe

Wave propagation, scattering and emission in complex media

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jin, Ya-Qiu

. Gitterman. Transformation of the spectrum of scattered radiation in randomly inhomogeneous absorptive plasma layer / G. V. Jandieri, G. D. Aburjunia, V. G. Jandieri. Numerical analysis of microwave heating on saponification reaction / K. Huang, K. Jia -- IV. Scattering from complex targets. Analysis of electromagnetic scattering from layered crossed-gratings of circular cylinders using lattice sums technique / K. Yasumoto, H. T. Jia. Scattering by a body in a random medium / M. Tateiba, Z. Q. Meng, H. El-Ocla. A rigorous analysis of electromagnetic scattering from multilayered crossed-arrays of metallic cylinders / H. T. Jia, K. Yasumoto. Vector models of non-stable and spatially-distributed radar objects / A. Surkov ... [et al.]. Simulation of algorithm of orthogonal signals forming and processing used to estimate back scattering matrix of non-stable radar objects / D. Nosov ... [et al.]. New features of scattering from a dielectric film on a reflecting metal substrate / Z. H. Gu, I. M. Fuks, M. Ciftan. A higher order FDTD method for EM wave propagation in collision plasmas / S. B. Liu, J. J. Mo, N. C. Yuan -- V. Radiative transfer and remote sensing. Simulating microwave emission from Antarctica ice sheet with a coherent model / M. Tedesco, P. Pampaloni. Scattering and emission from inhomogeneous vegetation canopy and alien target by using three-dimensional Vector Radiative Transfer (3D-VRT) equation / Y. Q. Jin, Z. C. Liang. Analysis of land types using high-resolution satellite images and fractal approach / H. G. Zhang ... [et al.]. Data fusion of RADARSAT SAR and DMSP SSM/I for monitoring sea ice of China's Bohai Sea / Y. Q. Jin. Retrieving atmospheric temperature profiles from simulated microwave radiometer data with artificial neural networks / Z. G. Yao, H. B. Chen -- VI. Wave propagation and wireless communication. Wireless propagation in urban environments: modeling and experimental verification / D. Erricolo ... [et al.]. An overview of physics-based wave

EDITORIAL: Big challenges and nanosolutions Big challenges and nanosolutions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demming, Anna

2011-07-01

population dynamics will evolve throughout future generations attracts considerable debate and a range of strong opinions. But in the meantime, as this issue's review highlights, there is a great deal of scope in exploiting nanotechnology to find potential technological solutions to the challenges increasing populations pose at present. And that's not to mention the intriguing insights into nanoscale physics that may be discovered along the way. References [1] Penza M, Rossi R, Alvisi M and Serra E 2010 Nanotechnology 21 105501 [2] Gu B, Zhu Y, Chang J, Peng C, Liu D, Min Y, Luo W, Howarth R W and Ge Y 2011 Environ. Res. Lett. 6 014011 [3] Galloway J N, Townsend A R, Erisman J W, Bekunda M, Cai Z, Freney J R, Martinelli L A, Seitzinger S P and Sutton M A 2008 Science 320 889-92 [4] Humplik T et al 2011 Nanotechnology 22 292001 [5] Guo Z, Meng F, Luo T, Li M and Liu J 2009 Nanotechnology 20 125501 [6] Chen Y, Chen Z, He Y, Lin H, Sheng P, Liu C, Luo S and Cai Q 2010 Nanotechnology 20 105102 [7] Ren L, Ma L, Jin L, Wang J-B, Qiu M and Yu Y 2009 Nanotechnology 20 405602 [8] Wang Y, Wang G, Wang H, Cai W, Liang C and Zhang L 2009 Nanotechnology 20 156604 [9] Hardin G 1968 Science 162 1243-8

Robust boosting via convex optimization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rätsch, Gunnar

2001-12-01

? Boosting methods are originally designed for classification problems. To extend the boosting idea to regression problems, we use the previous convergence results and relations to semi-infinite programming to design boosting-like algorithms for regression problems. We show that these leveraging algorithms have desirable theoretical and practical properties. o Can boosting techniques be useful in practice? The presented theoretical results are guided by simulation results either to illustrate properties of the proposed algorithms or to show that they work well in practice. We report on successful applications in a non-intrusive power monitoring system, chaotic time series analysis and a drug discovery process. --- Anmerkung: Der Autor ist Träger des von der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Potsdam vergebenen Michelson-Preises für die beste Promotion des Jahres 2001/2002. In dieser Arbeit werden statistische Lernprobleme betrachtet. Lernmaschinen extrahieren Informationen aus einer gegebenen Menge von Trainingsmustern, so daß sie in der Lage sind, Eigenschaften von bisher ungesehenen Mustern - z.B. eine Klassenzugehörigkeit - vorherzusagen. Wir betrachten den Fall, bei dem die resultierende Klassifikations- oder Regressionsregel aus einfachen Regeln - den Basishypothesen - zusammengesetzt ist. Die sogenannten Boosting Algorithmen erzeugen iterativ eine gewichtete Summe von Basishypothesen, die gut auf ungesehenen Mustern vorhersagen. Die Arbeit behandelt folgende Sachverhalte: o Die zur Analyse von Boosting-Methoden geeignete Statistische Lerntheorie. Wir studieren lerntheoretische Garantien zur Abschätzung der Vorhersagequalität auf ungesehenen Mustern. Kürzlich haben sich sogenannte Klassifikationstechniken mit großem Margin als ein praktisches Ergebnis dieser Theorie herausgestellt - insbesondere Boosting und Support-Vektor-Maschinen. Ein großer Margin impliziert eine hohe Vorhersagequalität der Entscheidungsregel. Deshalb wird

EDITORIAL: Nanotechnology in vivo Nanotechnology in vivo

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demming, Anna

2010-04-01

of nanoparticles in the tumour vasculature. However, previous reports on techniques to generate nanobubbles have either been slow or problematic due to the resulting development of cardiac dimension reduction, hypotension and tachycardia. Xing and colleagues have now demonstrated the use of polyoxyethylene 40 stearate, which is known to be biocompatible, degradable and non-toxic, as an alternative surfactant for generating nanobubbles. In the early 1980s scanning probe micrographs of nanosized features unleashed the power of imaging to push forward the science of structures and mechanisms at the nanoscale. The continued development of new and increasingly sophisticated nanoparticles and systems looks set to empower medicine in the same way, providing further means to exploit the mechanistic nature of biological organisms for better health and longevity. References [1] Leon R, Petroff P M, Leonard D and Fafard S 1995 Science 267 1966-8 [2] Nie Q, Tan W B and Zhang Y 2006 Nanotechnology 17 140-4 [3] Li L, Chen D, Zhang Y, Deng Z, Ren X, Meng X, Tang F, Ren J and Zhang L 2007 Nanotechnology 18 405102 [4] Fujioka K et al 2008 Nanotechnology 19 415102 [5] Shinoda K, Yangisawa S, Sato K amd Hirakuri K 2006 J. Cryst. Growth 288 84-6 [6] Manzoor K, Johny S, Thomas D, Setua S, Menon D and Nair S 2009 Nanotechnology 20 065102 [7] Hu R, Yong K-T, Roy I, Ding H, Law W-C, Cai H, Zhang X, Vathy L A, Bergey E J and Prasad P N 2010 Nanotechnology 21 145105 [8] Xing, Z, Ke H, Wang J, Zhao B, Yue X, Dai Z and Liu J 2010 Nanotechnology 21 145607

Introduction of sub-lithospheric component into melted lithospheric base by propagating crack: Case study of migrated Quaternary volcanoes in Wudalianchi, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chuvashova, Irina; Sun, Yi-min

2016-04-01

mantle beneath the northern Songliao basin and that admixture of the common sub-lithospheric component was locally introduced into the melted region by mechanism of propagating crack. This study is based on analytical data obtained for volcanic rocks in the Chinese-Russian Wudalianchi-Baikal Research Center on recent volcanism and environment. Major oxides were determined by "wet chemistry" at the Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS, Irkutsk. Trace-elements were measured by ICP-MS technique using mass-spectrometer Agilent 7500ce of the Center for collective use "Microanalysis" (Limnological Institute of SB RAS, Irkutsk) and Nd, Pb, and Sr isotopes by TIMS technique using mass-spectrometer Finnigan MAT 262 of the Center for collective use "Geodynamics and geochronology" (Institute of the Earth's Crust SB RAS). The work was supported by the RFBR grant № 16-05-00774. References Chuvashova, I.S., Rasskazov, S.V., Liu, J., Meng, F., Yasnygina, T.A., Fefelov, N.N., Saranina, E.V., 2009. Isotopically-enriched components in evolution of Late Cenozoic potassic magmatism in Heilongjiang province, northeast China, Proceedings of the Irkutsk State University. Series of Earth Sciences, 2 (2), pp. 181-198. Guide book for field mission to Wudalianchi National Park, China, 2010. Prepared by Wudalianchi National Park and Nature Management Committee Heilongjiang province, 50 p. Foulger, G.R., 2010. Plates vs. plumes: a geological controversy. Wiley-Blackwell, 328 p. Rasskazov, S.V., Yasnygina, T.A., Chuvashova, I.S. Mantle sources of the Cenozoic volcanic rocks of East Asia: Derivatives of slabs, the sub-lithospheric convection, and the lithosphere. Russian Journal of Pacific Geology. 2014. V. 8 (5), 355-371. Wang, Y., Chen, H., 2005. Tectonic controls on the Pleistocene-Holocene Wudalianchi volcanic field (northeastern China), Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 24, pp. 419-431.

EDITORIAL: Special issue on applied neurodynamics: from neural dynamics to neural engineering Special issue on applied neurodynamics: from neural dynamics to neural engineering

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chiel, Hillel J.; Thomas, Peter J.

2011-12-01

in part on his own work in this area. This is a very small glimpse of a much larger literature; these mathematical themes recur throughout this issue. Practitioners of neural engineering who want to explore the language and role of dynamics further can find accessible introductions to the key ideas in works such as Strogatz (1994) and Izhikevich (2006). In this special issue of Journal of Neural Engineering, we provide a sample of the vigor and excitement of the recent developments in the applications of nonlinear dynamical systems theory to the understanding and control of the nervous system. Four of the papers demonstrate the power of dynamical systems theory to analyze and understand neural systems, both in isolation and within a neuromechanical context (Coggan et al 2011, Nadim et al 2011, Spardy et al 2011a, 2011b). One paper focuses on the importance of noise and delay in dynamical systems for control (Milton 2011). Two papers focus on the dynamics of ion channels—in one paper, new approaches for estimating their parameters are described (Meng et al 2011), and in a second, the time courses of sodium ion channels are used to understand conduction block due to high-frequency stimulation (Ackermann et al 2011). Two papers focus on the use of optimal control theory to develop approaches for understanding (deWolf and Eliasmith 2011) and controlling (Nabi and Moehlis 2011) the nervous system. Finally, two papers begin to explore longer time scale neural dynamics through a combination of modeling and experiments, examining how animals learn to reduce the time required to forage for food at multiple sites (de Jong et al 2011), and how the dynamics of the respiratory system change with development (Fietkiewicz et al 2011). The first four papers of this special issue illustrate the use of dynamical systems theory to analyze and understand neural circuitry and neuromechanical systems. The first of these papers uses the phase response curve (PRC) of an oscillator, which

PREFACE: Rheology and Elasticity Studies at Ultra-High Pressures and Temperatures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Haozhe; Wenk, Hans-Rudolf; Duffy, Thomas S.

2006-06-01

reduction and analysis of diffraction data (Hinrichsen et al). A complementary study by Conil and Kavner explores DAC heterogeneities with numerical methods. Using the D-DIA multianvil apparatus, the differential lattice strains in polycrystalline Fe2SiO4 and MgO are measured to investigate the evolution of the weighting factor for Reuss and Voigt bounds during plastic flow by Chen et al, while Weidner and Li study MgO and mixtures of MgO and spinel (MgAl2O4) for fabric and residual stresses development during a plastic deformation cycle. Mao and Mao describe an ingenious device for remote pressure control and demonstrate it with a sample of platinum to 230 GPa. Large strains can be obtained with a rotational DAC and this influences the pressure at which the α-epsilon transition occurs in iron (Ma et al). Chesnut et al introduce a new DAC adapted for radial diffraction geometry. While much of the current DAC work in radial geometry is done with monochromatic x-rays and angle dispersive 2D detectors, the radial x-ray diffraction program at X17C of NSLS at energy dispersive XRD geometry is reviewed by Hu et al. Meng et al introduce the double-sided laser heating technique at ID-B of HPCAT, and propose a rotational design for applying the laser heating technique to radial x-ray diffraction studies at simultaneous high pressure-temperature (PT) conditions. These contributions provide a sound introduction and overview of the current science for anyone interested in elasticity and plasticity of materials at ultrahigh pressure. We are grateful to Dr Richard Palmer and Professor Marshall Stoneham for the opportunity to publish these carefully selected and reviewed proceedings in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter where they reach a large audience. We acknowledge the authors for contributing exciting papers to this issue, to participants at the workshop for stimulating presentations and discussions, and to many reviewers whose suggestions improved the manuscripts. We are most

Organic photovoltaics

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Demming, Anna; Krebs, Frederik C.; Chen, Hongzheng

2013-12-01

foresight, nor that the present generation of innovators are 'tackling' the opportunity with such promise and success, as the work in this special issue clearly demonstrates. References [1] http://environment.nationalgeographic.co.uk/environment/global-warming/solar-power-profile [2] Muth M-A, Mitchel W, Tierney S, Lada T A, Xue X, Richter H, Carrasco-Orozco M and Thelakkat M 2013 Influence of charge carrier mobility and morphology on solar cell parameters in devices of mono- and bis-fullerene adducts Nanotechnology 24 484001 [3] Rudenko A E, Noh S and Thompson B C 2013 Influence of selenophene on the properties of semi-random polymers and their blends with PC61BM Nanotechnology 24 484002 [4] Zhang K, Hu Z, Duan C, Ying L, Huang F and Cao Y 2013 The effect of methanol treatment on the performance of polymer solar cells Nanotechnology 24 484003 [5] Meng B, Fang G, Fu Y, Xie Z and Wang L 2013 Fine tuning of the PCDTBT-OR:PC71BM blend nanoscale phase separation via selective solvent annealing toward high-performance polymer photovoltaics Nanotechnology 24 484004 [6] Arar M et al 2013 Influence of morphology and polymer:nanoparticle ratio on device performance of hybrid solar cells—an approach in experiment and simulation Nanotechnology 24 484005 [7] Yu B, Wang H and Yan D 2013 Efficient organic photovoltaic cells with vertical ordered bulk heterojunction Nanotechnology 24 484006 [8] Chen G, Sasabe H, Sano T, Wang X-F, Hong Z, Kido J and Yang Y 2013 Chloroboron (III) subnaphthalocyanine as an electron donor in bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells Nanotechnology 24 484007 [9] Cheng P, Li Y and Zhan X 2013 DMF-assisted solution process boosts the efficiency in P3HT:PCBM solar cells up to 5.31% Nanotechnology 24 484008 [10] Chen H-Y, Lin S-H, Sun J-Y, Hsu C-H, Lan S and Lin C-F 2013 Morphologic improvement of the PBDTTT-C and PC71BM blend film with mixed solvent for high-performance inverted polymer solar cells Nanotechnology 24 484009 [11] Peng J, Sun Q, Zhai Z, Yuan J, Huang

Phanerozoic polycyclic evolution of the southwestern Angola margin: New insights for apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He methodologies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Venancio da Silva, Bruno; Hackspacher, Peter; Carina Siqueira Ribeiro, Marli; Glasmacher, Ulrich Anton

2016-04-01

-Th)/He thermochronometry constraints on unroofing of the eastern Kaapvaal craton and significance for uplift of the southern African Plateau. Geology, 38(9), 827-830. 16. Luft, F. F., 2004. Evolução tectono-termal das porções norte e central da Namíbia através da análise por traços de fissão em apatita. Dissertação em Geociências, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 117p. 17. Menges, D., Karl, M., & Glasmacher, U. A., 2013. Thermal history and evolution of the South Atlantic passive continental margin in northern Namibia. Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 15, EGU.

Crystallization, biomimetics and semiconducting polymers in confined systems. (German Title: Kristallisation, Biomimetik und halbleitende Polymere in räumlich begrenzten Systemen)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Montenegro, Rivelino V. D.

2003-05-01

the same particle leads to a higher efficiency due to the better contact between the polymers. Such an effect is of great interest for the fabrication of opto-electronic devices such as light emitting diodes with nanometer size emitting points and solar cells comprising of blends of electron donating and electron accepting polymers. populärwissenschaftlicher Abstract: Kristallisation, Biomimetik und halbleitende Polymere in räumlich begrenzten Systemen: Äl und Wasser mischen sich nicht, man kann aber aus beiden Flüssigkeiten Emulsionen herstellen, bei denen Tröpfchen der einen Flüssigkeit in der anderen Flüssigkeit vorliegen. Das heit, es können entweder Ältröpfchen in Wasser oder Wassertröpfchen in Äl erzeugt werden. Aus täglichen Erfahrungen, z.B. beim Kochen wei man jedoch, dass sich eine Emulsion durch Schütteln oder Rühren herstellen lässt, diese jedoch nicht besonders stabil ist. Mit Hilfe von hohen Scherenergien kann man nun sehr kleine, in ihrer Gröe sehr einheitliche und auerdem sehr stabile Tröpfchen von 1/10000 mm erhalten. Eine solche Emulsion wird Miniemulsion genannt. In der Dissertation wurden nun z.B. Miniemulsionen untersucht, die aus kleinen Wassertröpfchen in einem Äl bestehen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass das Wasser in diesen Tröpfchen, also in den räumlich begrenzten Systemen, nicht bei 0 °C, sondern bei -22 °C kristallisierte. Wie lässt sich das erklären? Wenn man einen Eimer Wasser hat, dann bildet sich normalerweise bei 0 °C Eis, da nämlich in dem Wasser einige (manchmal ganz wenige) Keime (z.B. Schutzteilchen, ein Fussel etc.) vorhanden sind, an denen sich die ersten Kristalle bilden. Wenn sich dann einmal ein Kristall gebildet hat, kann das Wasser im gesamten Eimer schnell zu Eis werden. Ultrareines Wasser würde bei -22 °C kristallisieren. Wenn man jetzt die Menge Wasser aus dem Eimer in kleine Tröpfchen bringt, dann hat man eine sehr, sehr groe Zahl, nämlich 1017 Tröpfchen, in einem Liter Emulsion vorliegen

Editorial: Focus on Laser- and Beam-Driven Plasma Accelerators

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Joshi, Chan; Malka, Victor

2010-04-01

Persson, K Osvay, C-G Wahlström, D C Carroll, P McKenna, A Flacco and V Malka Proton acceleration by moderately relativistic laser pulses interacting with solid density targets Erik Lefebvre, Laurent Gremillet, Anna Lévy, Rachel Nuter, Patrizio Antici, Michaël Carrié, Tiberio Ceccotti, Mathieu Drouin, Julien Fuchs, Victor Malka and David Neely Holographic visualization of laser wakefields P Dong, S A Reed, S A Yi, S Kalmykov, Z Y Li, G Shvets, N H Matlis, C McGuffey, S S Bulanov, V Chvykov, G Kalintchenko, K Krushelnick, A Maksimchuk, T Matsuoka, A G R Thomas, V Yanovsky and M C Downer The scaling of proton energies in ultrashort pulse laser plasma acceleration K Zeil, S D Kraft, S Bock, M Bussmann, T E Cowan, T Kluge, J Metzkes, T Richter, R Sauerbrey and U Schramm Plasma cavitation in ultraintense laser interactions with underdense helium plasmas P M Nilson, S P D Mangles, L Willingale, M C Kaluza, A G R Thomas, M Tatarakis, R J Clarke, K L Lancaster, S Karsch, J Schreiber, Z Najmudin, A E Dangor and K Krushelnick Radiation pressure acceleration of ultrathin foils Andrea Macchi, Silvia Veghini, Tatyana V Liseykina and Francesco Pegoraro Target normal sheath acceleration: theory, comparison with experiments and future perspectives Matteo Passoni, Luca Bertagna and Alessandro Zani Generation of a highly collimated, mono-energetic electron beam from laser-driven plasma-based acceleration Sanyasi Rao Bobbili, Anand Moorti, Prasad Anant Naik and Parshotam Dass Gupta Controlled electron acceleration in the bubble regime by optimizing plasma density Meng Wen, Baifei Shen, Xiaomei Zhang, Fengchao Wang, Zhangying Jin, Liangliang Ji, Wenpeng Wang, Jiancai Xu and Kazuhisa Nakajima A multidimensional theory for electron trapping by a plasma wake generated in the bubble regime I Kostyukov, E Nerush, A Pukhov and V Seredov Investigation of the role of plasma channels as waveguides for laser-wakefield accelerators T P A Ibbotson, N Bourgeois, T P Rowlands-Rees, L S Caballero, S I

Electron acceleration at localized wave structures in the solar corona (German Title: Elektronenbeschleunigung an lokalen Wellenstrukturen in der Sonnenkorona)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miteva, Rositsa Stoycheva

2007-07-01

in the electric and magnetic wave field within just several whistler periods. While gaining energy from the whistler wave field, the electrons reach the shock front and, subsequently, a major part of them are reflected back into the upstream region, since the shock accompanied with a jump of the magnetic field acts as a magnetic mirror. Co-moving with the whistlers now, the reflected electrons are out of resonance and hence can propagate undisturbed into the far upstream region, where they are detected in terms of type II metric radio bursts. In summary, the kinetic energy of protons is transfered into electrons by the action of localized wave structures in both cases, i.e., at jets outflowing from the magnetic reconnection site and at shock waves in the corona. Die Sonne ist ein aktiver Stern, was sich nicht nur in den allseits bekannten Sonnenflecken, sondern auch in Flares manifestiert. Während Flares wird eine große Menge gespeicherter, magnetischer Energie in einer kurzen Zeit von einigen Sekunden bis zu wenigen Stunden in der Sonnenkorona freigesetzt. Dabei werden u.a. energiereiche Elektronen erzeugt, die ihrerseits nichtthermische Radio- und Röntgenstrahlung, wie sie z.B. am Observatorium für solare Radioastronomie des Astrophysikalischen Instituts Potsdam (AIP) in Tremsdorf und durch den NASA-Satelliten RHESSI beobachtet werden, erzeugen. Da diese Elektronen einen beträchtlichen Anteil der beim Flare freigesetzten Energie tragen, ist die Frage, wie Elektronen in kurzer Zeit auf hohe Energien in der Sonnenkorona beschleunigt werden, von generellem astrophysikalischen Interesse, da solche Prozesse auch in anderen Sternatmosphären und kosmischen Objekten, wie z.B. Supernova-Überresten, stattfinden. In der vorliegenden Dissertation wird die Elektronenbeschleunigung an lokalen Wellenstrukturen im Plasma der Sonnenkorona untersucht. Solche Wellen treten in der Umgebung der magnetischen Rekonnektion, die als ein wichtiger Auslöser von Flares angesehen wird

PREFACE: Science's gem: diamond science 2009 Science's gem: diamond science 2009

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mainwood, Alison; Newton, Mark E.; Stoneham, Marshall

2009-09-01

understanding of materials properties and their control. There has been exceptional progress in this area, in specimen sizes, quality, and performance. These massive improvements in materials availability create opportunities for the major technological applications in the energy, environment, health and information technologies that will surely drive the big industrial expansions over the next decades. References [1] Stoneham A M 2007 Thinking about diamond (ed P Bergonzo, R Gat, R B Jackman and C E Nebel) MRS Proc. 956 1-10 [2] Stoneham A M 2008 Future Perspectives for Diamond for Physics and Applications of CVD Diamond ed S Koizumi, M Nesladek and C E Nebel (New York: Wiley-VCH) [3] Balmer R S et al 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364221 [4] Stoneham A M, Matthews J R and Ford I J 2004 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 16 S2597 [5] Liang Q, Yan C, Meng Y, Lai J, Krasnicki S, Mao H and Hemley R J 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364215 [6] Stachel T and Harris J W 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364206 [7] McNeill J, Pearson D G, Klein-BenDavid O, Nowell G M, Ottley C J and Chinn I 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364207 [8] Martineau P M, Gaukroger M P, Guy K B, Lawson S C, Twitchen D J, Friel I, Hansen J O, Summerton G C, Addison T P G and Burns R 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364205 [9] Burns R C et al 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364224 [10] Pinto H and Jones R 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364220 [11] May P W, Allan N L, Ashfold M N R, Richley J C and Mankelevich Yu A 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364203 [12] Butler J E, Mankelevich Yu A, Cheesman A, Ma J and Ashfold N R 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364201 [13] Silva F, Hassouni K, Bonnin X and Gicquel A 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364202 [14] Haenen K, Lazea A, Barjon J, D'Haen J, Habka N, Teraji T, Koizumi S and Mortet V 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 364204 [15] Felton S, Cann B L, Edmonds A M, Liggins S, Cruddace R J, Newton M E, Fisher D and Baker J M 2009 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21

Large-scale hydrological modelling in the semi-arid north-east of Brazil

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Güntner, Andreas

2002-07-01

änderungen können dort zu einer Verschärfung der vielfach schon heute auftretenden Wasserknappheit führen. Das Verständnis der Mechanismen und Wechselwirkungen des komplexen Systems von Mensch und Umwelt sowie die quantitative Bestimmung zukünftiger Veränderungen in der Menge, der zeitlichen Verteilung und der Qualität von Wasserressourcen sind eine grundlegende Voraussetzung für die Entwicklung von nachhaltigen Maßnahmen des Wassermanagements mit dem Ziel einer höheren Anpassungsfähigkeit dieser Regionen gegenüber künftigen Änderungen. Hierzu sind dynamische integrierte Modelle unerlässlich, die als eine Komponente ein hydrologisches Modell beinhalten. Vorrangiges Ziel dieser Arbeit ist daher die Erstellung eines hydrologischen Modells zur großräumigen Bestimmung der Wasserverfügbarkeit unter sich ändernden Umweltbedingungen in semiariden Gebieten. Als Untersuchungsraum dient der im semiariden tropischen Nordosten Brasiliens gelegene Bundestaat Ceará (150 000 km2). Die mittleren Jahresniederschläge in diesem Gebiet liegen bei 850 mm innerhalb einer etwa fünfmonatigen Regenzeit. Mit vorwiegend kristallinem Grundgebirge und geringmächtigen Böden stellt Oberflächenwasser den größten Teil der Wasserversorgung bereit. Die Region war wiederholt von Dürren betroffen, die zu schweren ökonomischen Schäden und sozialen Folgen wie Migration aus den ländlichen Gebieten geführt haben. Das hier entwickelte hydrologische Modell Wasa (Model of Water Availability in Semi-Arid Environments) ist ein deterministisches, flächendifferenziertes Modell, das aus konzeptionellen, prozess-basierten Ansätzen aufgebaut ist. Die Wasserverfügbarkeit (Abfluss im Gewässernetz, Speicherung in Stauseen, Bodenfeuchte) wird mit täglicher Auflösung bestimmt. Als räumliche Zieleinheiten können Teileinzugsgebiete, Rasterzellen oder administrative Einheiten (Gemeinden) gewählt werden. Letztere ermöglichen die Kopplung des Modells im Rahmen der integrierten Modellierung mit