Acute hepatotoxicity after ingestion of Morinda citrifolia (Noni Berry) juice in a 14-year-old boy.

PubMed

Yu, Elizabeth L; Sivagnanam, Mamata; Ellis, Linda; Huang, Jeannie S

2011-02-01

We present a case of a 14-year-old previously healthy boy with acute hepatotoxicity after noni berry juice consumption. As the popularity of noni berry consumption continues to increase, heightened awareness of the relation between noni berry consumption and acute hepatotoxicity is important.

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in an 11-year-old immunosuppressed boy.

PubMed

Nelson, Alex; Dhamija, Radhika; Nickels, Katherine

2013-05-01

We present an 11-year-old boy who presented with symptoms of subacute facial nerve palsy after cardiac transplant. Neuroimaging revealed multiple ring-enhancing lesions that were most concerning for opportunistic organism abscesses and he was treated with broad-spectrum antifungal and antibacterial therapy. After noninvasive testing failed to identify a causative organism, he underwent brain biopsy. Pathology revealed posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease that was later determined to be isolated to the central nervous system. The patient was treated with reduction in his immunotherapy and chemotherapy including rituximab and methotrexate. This case exemplifies the importance of having a low threshold to consider posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in posttransplant patients. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Inoue Balloon Mitral Valvotomy in a 4-Year-Old Boy

PubMed Central

Kapoor, Aditya; Moorthy, Nagaraja; Kumar, Sudeep

2012-01-01

Mitral stenosis in children often has a fulminant and rapid course. Percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy is accepted as the treatment of choice for mitral stenosis not only in adults, but also in younger patients who have pliable valves. Balloon mitral valvotomy has yielded good immediate and long-term results. Herein, we report successful Inoue balloon mitral valvotomy in a 4-year-old boy who had severe, symptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis. To our knowledge, our patient is the youngest to have undergone this procedure. In addition to the case description, we discuss the features of juvenile rheumatic mitral stenosis and several technical aspects of performing the Inoue balloon mitral valvotomy procedure in children. PMID:22412242

Disseminated Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus in an Immunocompetent 8-Year Old Boy

PubMed Central

Oladokun, Regina Eziuka; Olomukoro, Chikodili N; Owa, Adewale B.

2013-01-01

Varicella results from a primary infection with the varicella virus while herpes zoster is caused by a reactivation of a latent infection. Dissemination of herpes zoster is uncommon in immunocompetent individuals. Reports of disseminated herpes zoster in children are even less common than in adults. An unusual case of disseminated herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an 8-year old immunocompetent black boy is presented. He had a previous primary Varicella zoster virus infection at three years of age. In the current report, he presented during an on-going chicken pox outbreak and survived with no significant complications. A breakthrough varicella virus re-infection or a reactivation is possible, both of which could present as zoster. This case emphasizes the need for prevention of varicella virus infection through universal childhood immunization and effective infection control strategies in health care settings. PMID:24765504

Disseminated herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an immunocompetent 8-year old boy.

PubMed

Oladokun, Regina Eziuka; Olomukoro, Chikodili N; Owa, Adewale B

2013-08-02

Varicella results from a primary infection with the varicella virus while herpes zoster is caused by a reactivation of a latent infection. Dissemination of herpes zoster is uncommon in immunocompetent individuals. Reports of disseminated herpes zoster in children are even less common than in adults. An unusual case of disseminated herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an 8-year old immunocompetent black boy is presented. He had a previous primary Varicella zoster virus infection at three years of age. In the current report, he presented during an on-going chicken pox outbreak and survived with no significant complications. A breakthrough varicella virus re-infection or a reactivation is possible, both of which could present as zoster. This case emphasizes the need for prevention of varicella virus infection through universal childhood immunization and effective infection control strategies in health care settings.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with a Six-Year-Old Boy with Separation Anxiety Disorder: A Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dia, David A.

2001-01-01

This study examines the use of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for the treatment of separation anxiety disorder (SAD) in a six-year-old boy who was having at least one panic attack a day. It uses a four-phased program that includes a psychoeducational approach. The outcome studies demonstrated how CBT shows promise as a treatment modality with…

[A rare case of intussusception in a seventeen year old boy: diagnosis, management and review of the literature.

PubMed

Rossi, Enrica; Basile, Massimo; Narese, Donatella; Ognibene, Noemi; Poggesi, Sara; Cangelosi, Marta; Defilippi, Claudio

2017-04-01

Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction and acute abdomen in the first year of life. Approximately in the 80% of cases intussusception occurs when the last ileal loop is pulled into the cecum, passing through the ileocecal valve, and finally resulting in the displacement of cecum in the upper abdominal. It could be related with mesenteric adenitis because enlarged lymph nodes, together with peristalsis, can serve as "lead point". Other forms of intussusception are ileo-ileal and colo-colic. The aetiology in infants and adults can be very variable and most often linked with secondary causes, such as benign or malignant lesions (polyps, tumors, lymphomas, intestinal duplication cyst, Meckel's diverticulum). In this paper we describe a rare case of idiopathic ileo-ileal intussusception in a 17 year old boy. We also discuss, with a careful analysis of the literature, the diagnostic and therapeutic protocol in case of intussusception ileo-colic approved at the Meyer Children's Hospital.

A 6-year-old boy with Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Coats disease: case report and review of the literature.

PubMed

Stacey, Andrew W; Sparagna, Cristina; Borri, Melissa; Rizzo, Stanislao; Hadjistilianou, Theodora

2015-10-01

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) can result in multiple congenital abnormalities and numerous ocular findings. We report the case of a 6-year-old boy with history of CdLS who presented with Coats disease. The findings in this case are compared to those found in the two previously reported cases of concomitant CdLS and Coats disease. The low incidence of these two disorders makes it highly unlikely that the connection is random in these 3 cases. The number of patients with both Cornelia de Lange syndrome and Coats disease is likely underestimated due to the difficulty in examining the peripheral retina in this patient population. Copyright © 2015 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tuberculous Otitis Media and Staphylococcus aureus Coinfection in a Five-Year-Old Boy with Miliary Tuberculosis.

PubMed

Manigandan, Gopalakrishnan; Venkatesh, Chandrasekaran; Gunasekaran, Dhandapani; Soundararajan, Palanisamy

2013-01-01

A five-year-old boy with acute on chronic ear discharge and fever was diagnosed to have tubercular otitis media (TOM) with Staphylococcus aureus co-infection. His chest X-ray was suggestive of miliary tuberculosis. The clinical presentation of the child with a brief review of the literature pertaining to the case is being discussed in this report.

Tuberculous Otitis Media and Staphylococcus aureus Coinfection in a Five-Year-Old Boy with Miliary Tuberculosis

PubMed Central

Manigandan, Gopalakrishnan; Venkatesh, Chandrasekaran; Gunasekaran, Dhandapani; Soundararajan, Palanisamy

2013-01-01

A five-year-old boy with acute on chronic ear discharge and fever was diagnosed to have tubercular otitis media (TOM) with Staphylococcus aureus co-infection. His chest X-ray was suggestive of miliary tuberculosis. The clinical presentation of the child with a brief review of the literature pertaining to the case is being discussed in this report. PMID:23599614

Chorea revealing systemic lupus erythematosus in a 13-year old boy: A case report and short review of the literature.

PubMed

Athanasopoulos, E; Kalaitzidou, I; Vlachaki, G; Stefanaki, S; Tzagkaraki, A; Niotakis, G; Tritou, I; Ladomenou, F

2018-03-29

Among the neurological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), chorea is rare, presenting in less than 7% of the pediatric SLE patients. It can appear early in the onset of SLE, be the first or even the sole clinical feature of the illness and has strongly been associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. We report on the case of a 13-year old boy, admitted with acute onset chorea and finally diagnosed with SLE. Subsequently, we present a short review of the literature on the epidemiology, suggested pathogenesis, clinical presentation and treatment of this rare presentation of SLE.

Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma in an 11-year-old boy with type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome.

PubMed

Mazerkina, Nadia; Trunin, Yuri; Gorelyshev, Sergey; Golanov, Andrey; Kadashev, Boris; Shishkina, Liudmila; Rotin, Daniil; Karmanov, Maxim; Orlova, Elizabet

2016-02-01

Thyrotropinomas (TSHomas) are rare pituitary adenomas, particularly in childhood. We present here the case of an 11-year-old boy with type 1 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS1) and TSHoma which was diagnosed by elevated thyroid - stimulating hormone and thyroid hormones levels without evident clinical signs of hyperthyroidism. He was underwent partial resection of the tumor via transsphenoidal approach and subsequently radiation therapy. Consequently, 1 year after radiotherapy, the patient developed growth hormone deficiency, three and half years after radiation became euthyroid, and five and half years after treatment - hypothyroid. This is the first case of the coexistence of these two rare endocrine diseases in one patient.

Dorsal resection of a thoracic hemivertebra in a 4-year-old boy with endochondral gigantism. A case report.

PubMed

Zarghooni, Kourosh; Sobotrke, Rolf; Schmidt, Heinrich; Rollinghoff, Marc; Siewe, Jan; Eysel, Peer

2010-10-01

The authors present what appears to be the first case of congenital kyphosis due to a T12 hemivertebra in a four-year-old boy with endochondral gigantism syndrome of unknown origin. Because of his overgrowth, the patient had severe medical and orthopaedic problems and was almost immobile. Prior to surgery, he experienced a rapidly progressive thoracolumbar kyphosis to 600 (T10-L2). MRI of the brain and spine showed critical protraction of the spinal cord and myelopathy from compression at T12. Single-stage posterior resection of the hemivertebra with spinal shortening and dorsal transpedicular instrumentation of T10-L2 was performed. Although the bone tissue was cartilaginous and dysplastic, 420 (30%) correction was achieved along with decompression of the spinal canal. The patient experienced no neurological impairment post-operatively. At follow-up examination 1.5 year after surgery, the patient's movement disorder had improved markedly and he was able to stand and walk. This very rare case demonstrates that single-stage posterior hemivertebra resection and transpedicular instrumentation for correction of congenital kyphosis can be a safe and effective procedure even in a very challenging case.

Benign course after acute high dose levothyroxine intoxication in a 3-year-old boy.

PubMed

Hartman, Stan; Noordam, Kees; Maseland, Machiel; van Setten, Petra

2017-01-01

Acute ingestion of thyroid hormone preparations is a common intoxication, with 181 cases in children <12 yr in 2009 in the Netherlands, but generally has a mild course. However, some reports show that even low dosages may cause serious events such as seizures, thyroid storm and coma. We report a 3 yr old boy case with an acute intoxication with high dose levothyroxine (0.5 mg/kg). We describe the proper management of levothyroxine intoxication in children. A 3-year-old boy with no notable medical history ingested sixty tablets of levothyroxine 150 µg. His vital-signs were normal and the only symptom during admission was a tachycardia the following day. Laboratory data showed elevated T3, fT3 and fT4 levels; and decrease TSH levels. He was treated prophylactically and therapeutically with activated charcoal and propranolol. Despite very high levels, his clinical symptoms were relatively mild. After clinical follow-up for 3 d he was discharged. We propose that children with thyroid hormone intoxication with either a levothyroxine dose >0.1 g/kg, a short interval since ingestion, symptomatic presentation, and/or a fT4 >100 pmol/l should be monitored in the hospital during at least 48-72 h post-ingestion and on an outpatient basis for 14 d.

[Relapse of bleeding ulcer in a 15 year-old boy with collagenous gastritis].

PubMed

Haase, Anne-Mette; Kelsen, Jens

2012-06-18

Collagenous gastritis (CG) is a rare disorder. Two patient groups are known: 1) Children and young adults, presenting with anaemia and abdominal pain, and 2) adults presenting with watery diarrhoea. In the latter group, CG is frequently associated with collagenous colitis and/or coeliac disease. This case concerns a 15-year-old boy with a bleeding ulcer. The biopsies from corpus ventriculi showed a thickened subepithelial collagen band (> 10 micrometres), and the patient was diagnosed with CG. Ulcers are rarely linked to CG. CG should be considered when ulcers are found in children and young adults.

[Reconstruction of the heel in a two-year-old boy after lawn mower injury].

PubMed

Kraus, R; Albrecht, J; Schnettler, R; von Pichler, M

2012-04-01

Lawn mower injuries in children usually involve the lower extremities and can lead to serious amputation injuries. Treatment should look not only at the acute reconstruction, but also on maintaining the ability to grow. We report the case of a two-year-old boy with amputation of the heel. The boy was run over by a lawn mower. He suffered a complete loss of heel soft tissue, 30 % of the os calcis and the Achilles tendon. The one-stage reconstruction was performed by transplantation of an iliac crest graft, fascia lata to reconstruct the Achilles tendon and a microvascular latissimus dorsi flap. After one year, the functional and cosmetic result is excellent, the bone graft is healed completely and shows growth trends. The successful treatment of such a severe amputation injury requires the interdisciplinary cooperation between paediatric traumatologists, plastic surgeons, physical therapists and orthopaedic shoemaker. The result justifies the great effort. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

ROHHAD in a 9-year-old boy — clinical case.

PubMed

Kot, Karolina; Moszczyńska, Elżbieta; Lecka-Ambroziak, Agnieszka; Migdał, Marek; Szalecki, Mieczysław

2016-01-01

ROHHAD syndrome (Rapid-onset Obesity with Hypothalamic Dysfunction, Hypoventilation, and Autonomic Dysregulation) is characterized by rapid-onset obesity in young children, hypoventilation, and hypothalamic and autonomic dysfunction. The exact aetiology of the disease remains unknown, and the number of reported cases seems to be underestimated. We present the case of a nine-year-old male patient suspected of ROHHAD due to weight gain since early childhood, decreased height velocity, hypoventilation, hypodipsia, excessive perspiration, and pyrexial episodes. The presented symptoms, and laboratory and imaging findings met the criteria of ROHHAD syndrome. ROHHAD should be considered in differential diagnosis for obesity in children. Early identification of the disease prevents potential complications specific for the syndrome, in particular a life-threatening cardio-pulmonary arrest. Patients with ROHHAD require regular follow-up by a multidisciplinary team.

Cerebral candidiasis in a 4-year-old boy after intestinal surgery.

PubMed

Zhang, Shu-Cheng

2015-03-01

Cerebral candidiasis is a devastating disease which contributes to a high mortality. Most of the cerebral candidiasis are never microbiologically or radiologically confirmed. In this case, a 4-year-old boy who developed cerebral candidiasis was successfully rescued and presented. The diagnosis of cerebral candidiasis was established based on both microbiologic and radiologic examinations. The pathogen was revealed to be Candida albicans by cerebrospinal fluid and central venous catheter cultures, and the cerebral involvement was recorded by series head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with an appearance of special encephalitis demonstrated. The imaging studies played a critical role throughout the diagnosis and treatment. Familiarity with the imaging findings in the appropriate clinical setting may result in a heightened level of awareness of this infection and, consequently, in earlier diagnosis and treatment. © The Author(s) 2014.

Habit tic nail deformity - a rare presentation in an 8 year old boy.

PubMed

El-Heis, S; Abadie, Al

2016-11-15

Habit tic nail deformity is a nail dystrophy resulting from habitual, repetitive trauma to the nail. It is usually acquired in adulthood, however, we report a case of habit tic nail deformity in an 8 year old boy. The diagnosis was made clinically with further history revealing that the boy repeatedly rubbed his thumbnails and pushed the cuticles. Emollient cream (Balneum®) was recommended twice daily and both the patient and his mother were educated on the behavioral nature of this condition. There was marked improvement at 6 months of treatment and further improvement at 12 months.We note that habit tic nail deformity is not exclusive to adults. Diagnosis can be made clinically. History and physical examination provide valuable clues and psychosocial links must be explored and addressed. Management is challenging and compliance with treatment is variable. Patient education, barrier methods, and behavioral therapy can be helpful in preventing further trauma to the nails.

Isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy: First case in an 8-year-old boy and review.

PubMed

Zwetyenga, N; Hallier, A; Girodon, M; Levasseur, J; Loison-Robert, L; Moris, V

2018-02-01

Isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (IUTMH) was first described in 1990 and few cases have been published since then. This disease occurs mainly in adults. There is no clear etiology of IUTMH, but bruxism is one of the risk factors. Only two cases have been described before the age of 20 years. To our knowledge, no cases have been described in persons younger than 15 years old. We report the first case of IUTMH in an 8-year-old and review the literature. This section is separated into 3 parts: (1) search for and description of clinical cases of IUTMH in our department; (2) literature search to find similar cases; (3) data analysis of all cases found. Ten patients, including our case, were found over a period of 23 years: five females and five males with a mean age of 32.8 years. One patient was 15 years old. Time between onset and diagnosis was 16.7 months. Half of the patients reported pain and three had experienced bruxism. Most of the patients had non-surgical treatment. One patient evolved favorably with no treatment. One recurrence occurred 10 years later. IUTMH can occur in childhood in a high-stress environment. Diagnosis is based on the history and clinical and imaging findings. Biopsy helps to confirm the diagnosis, but electromyograms and neurological tests contribute little. Bruxism should be taken into account. The treatment with the least inconvenience must be given. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a 3-year-old boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis.

PubMed

Ayuthaya, Satja Issaranggoon na; Leelaporn, Amornrut; Kiratisin, Pattarachai; Oberdorfer, Peninnah

2015-05-01

Pseudoclavibacter has rarely been documented as an etiologic agent of infection in humans. We presented the first case report of Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis.A 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital due to prolonged fever and progressive paraplegia for 3 months. He had yellowish discharge from both ear canals. The pleural fluid culture was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The discharge from both ears culture yielded yellow colonies of gram-positive bacilli with branching. This organism was positive for modified acid-fast bacilli stain but negative for acid-fast bacilli stain. Biochemical characteristics of this isolate were positive for catalase test but negative for oxidase, nitrate, esculin, and sugar utilization tests. The organism was further subjected to be identified by 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid gene sequencing. The result yielded Pseudoclavibacter species (99.4% identical), which could be most likely a potential pathogen in immunocompromised host like this patient. He responded well with intravenous trimetroprim-sulfamethoxazole for 6 weeks.This is the first case report of Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in children, and this case could emphasize Pseudoclavibacter species as a potential pathogen in immunocompromised host.

Pseudoclavibacter Otitis Media in a 3-Year-Old Boy With Pulmonary and Spinal Tuberculosis

PubMed Central

Ayuthaya, Satja Issaranggoon na; Leelaporn, Amornrut; Kiratisin, Pattarachai; Oberdorfer, Peninnah

2015-01-01

Abstract Pseudoclavibacter has rarely been documented as an etiologic agent of infection in humans. We presented the first case report of Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in a boy with pulmonary and spinal tuberculosis. A 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital due to prolonged fever and progressive paraplegia for 3 months. He had yellowish discharge from both ear canals. The pleural fluid culture was positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The discharge from both ears culture yielded yellow colonies of gram-positive bacilli with branching. This organism was positive for modified acid-fast bacilli stain but negative for acid-fast bacilli stain. Biochemical characteristics of this isolate were positive for catalase test but negative for oxidase, nitrate, esculin, and sugar utilization tests. The organism was further subjected to be identified by 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid gene sequencing. The result yielded Pseudoclavibacter species (99.4% identical), which could be most likely a potential pathogen in immunocompromised host like this patient. He responded well with intravenous trimetroprim-sulfamethoxazole for 6 weeks. This is the first case report of Pseudoclavibacter otitis media in children, and this case could emphasize Pseudoclavibacter species as a potential pathogen in immunocompromised host. PMID:25929901

Acute Hepatotoxicity After Ingestion of Morinda citrifolia (Noni Berry) Juice in a 14-year-old Boy

PubMed Central

Yu, Elizabeth L.; Sivagnanam, Mamata; Ellis, Linda; Huang, Jeannie S.

2017-01-01

Morinda citrifolia, commonly known as the noni berry, is a tropical fruit that has been used for more than 2000 years as a Polynesian herbal remedy (1). Since 1996, it has been sold widely in the United States as a general remedy for a wide array of health problems including cancer, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, gastric ulcers, hypertension, infections, depression, and chronic fatigue (2,3). We report a case of acute hepatotoxicity after ingestion of an energy drink containing noni berries in a previously healthy 14-year-old boy. PMID:21119544

Understanding Bullying: Using Role-Play with 12-Year-Old Boys in Cyprus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaloyirou, Chrystalla; Lindsay, Geoff

2014-01-01

This study examines the use of role-play in order to investigate bullies' intentions, feelings and perceptions through identification and projection. The study was conducted with nine 12-year-old boys that presented high levels of bullying behaviour, according to their teachers and peers, from three state primary schools in Nicosia, Cyprus, with…

Examining Communicative Behaviors in a 3-Year-Old Boy Who Is Blind.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Perfect, Michelle M.

2001-01-01

The communication patterns of a 3-year-old boy who is blind were observed during 35 videotaped classroom sessions to determine if his echolalic responses varied according to school activity and message category. Analysis revealed that, although the child was expressive with adults, he had difficulty communicating with his peers and in producing…

Prophylactic thyroidectomy for asymptomatic 3-year-old boy with positive multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A mutation (codon 634).

PubMed

Jesić, Maja D; Tancić-Gajić, Milina; Jesić, Milos M; Zivaljević, Vladan; Sajić, Silvija; Vujović, Svetlana; Damjanović, Svetozar

2014-01-01

The multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) syndrome, comprising medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is most frequently caused by codon 634 activating mutations of the RET (rearranged during transfection) proto-oncogene on chromosome 10. For this codon-mutation carriers, earlier thyroidectomy (before the age of 5 years) would be advantageous in limiting the potential for the development of MTC as well as parathyroid adenomas. This is a case report of 3-year-old boy from the MEN 2A family (the boy's father and grandmother and paternal aunt) in which cysteine substitutes for phenylalanine at codon 634 in exon 11 of the RET proto-oncogene, who underwent thyroidectomy solely on the basis of genetic information. A boy had no thyromegaly, thyroidal irregularities or lymphadenopathy and no abnormality on the neck ultrasound examination. The pathology finding of thyroid gland was negative for MTC. Two years after total thyroidectomy, 5-year-old boy is healthy with permanent thyroxine replacement. His serum calcitonin level is < 2 pg/ml (normal < 13 pg/ml), has normal serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels and negative urinary catecholamines. Long-term follow-up of this patient is required to determine whether very early thyroidectomy improves the long-term outcome of PHPT. Children with familial antecedents of MEN 2A should be genetically studied for the purpose of determining the risk of MTC and assessing the possibilities of making prophylactic thyroidectomy before the age of 5 years.

An 8-year old boy with continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep presenting with positive onconeuronal antibodies.

PubMed

Hu, Lin-Yan; Shi, Xiu-Yu; Feng, Chen; Wang, Jian-Wen; Yang, Guan; Lammers, Stephen H T; Yang, Xiao Fan; Ebrahimi-Fakhari, Darius; Zou, Li-Ping

2015-03-01

To determine the etiology of epilepsy with continuous spikes and waves during slow sleep (CSWS)/electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) in an 8-year old boy with a history of neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus. A combination of clinical characterization and follow-up, video EEG and laboratory investigations. We report the case of an 8-year old boy with a history of neuroblastoma and opsoclonus-myoclonus, who presented with intellectual disability, pharmacotherapy-resistant epilepsy and CSWS/ESES. Although the patient's neuroblastoma had been successfully treated 8 years prior to presentation and an extensive workup did not show a tumor reoccurrence, testing for onconeuronal antibodies was positive for anti-Ma2 and anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies. High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone and a taper of oral methylprednisolone were given, leading to a significant clinical improvement. During the taper the patient's condition and EEG manifestations deteriorated again necessitating another cycle of steroid therapy, which lead to a stable improvement. During a 6-month follow-up no CSWS/ESES was seen on EEG and anti-Ma2 and anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies remained undetectable. This case suggests that onconeuronal antibodies may be involved in the pathogenesis of CSWS/ESES. Copyright © 2015 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

[Androgen levels, parenting styles and aggressive behavior in 5-6-year-old boys and girls].

PubMed

Sánchez-Martín, José R; Azurmendi Imaz, Aitziber; Fano Ardanaz, Eduardo; Braza Lloret, Francisco; Muñoz Sánchez, José M; Carreras de Alba, María R

2009-02-01

Androgen levels, parenting styles and aggressive behavior in 5-6-year-old boys and girls. This study explores the relationship between androgen levels, parenting styles, and physical, verbal, and indirect aggression measures in 5-6-year-old children. 129 children (60 boys and 69 girls) were assessed in relation to their aggression levels using a peer-rating technique. Parents completed the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire, from which the different parenting styles were obtained. Testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were measured using an enzymoimmunoassay technique in saliva samples. A regression analysis indicated that the directive mother-androstenedione interaction at the age of 5 was predictive of physical aggression at the age of 6. In specific terms, the results showed that, in boys with high androstenedione levels, directive maternal behavior is associated with physical aggression. The results are subsequently discussed in light of postulates related to parenting characteristic of developmental psychology and we suggest a potential link of our results with the hypothesis of maternal dominance.

Plummer-Vinson syndrome with pectus carinatum mitral valve prolapsus and exotropia in an 18-year-old boy.

PubMed

Sahin, Cem; Ozseker, Burak; Rencuzogullari, Ibrahim; Zeybek, Arife

2014-01-22

The Plummer-Vinson syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterised by dysphagia, web or webs in upper oesophagus and iron-deficiency anaemia. The syndrome is often seen in women of age 40-70 years and rarely in adolescents. Plummer-Vinson syndrome might be associated with malignancy, myeloproliferative disorder and autoimmune diseases including coeliac disease, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren syndrome. However, according to our literature search, there are no reports of such case associated with thorax deformity, cardiac pathology and ocular findings. We present a case of an 18-year-old boy with a rare presentation of this syndrome including pectus carinatum, exotropia and mitral valve prolapsus.

Plummer-Vinson syndrome with pectus carinatum mitral valve prolapsus and exotropia in an 18-year-old boy

PubMed Central

Sahin, Cem; Ozseker, Burak; Rencuzogullari, Ibrahim; Zeybek, Arife

2014-01-01

The Plummer-Vinson syndrome is a clinical syndrome characterised by dysphagia, web or webs in upper oesophagus and iron-deficiency anaemia. The syndrome is often seen in women of age 40–70 years and rarely in adolescents. Plummer-Vinson syndrome might be associated with malignancy, myeloproliferative disorder and autoimmune diseases including coeliac disease, rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren syndrome. However, according to our literature search, there are no reports of such case associated with thorax deformity, cardiac pathology and ocular findings. We present a case of an 18-year-old boy with a rare presentation of this syndrome including pectus carinatum, exotropia and mitral valve prolapsus. PMID:24451233

Absolute pitch in a four-year-old boy with autism.

PubMed

Brenton, James N; Devries, Seth P; Barton, Christine; Minnich, Heike; Sokol, Deborah K

2008-08-01

Absolute pitch is the ability to identify the pitch of an isolated tone. We report on a 4-year-old boy with autism and absolute pitch, one of the youngest reported in the literature. Absolute pitch is thought to be attributable to a single gene, transmitted in an autosomal-dominant fashion. The association of absolute pitch with autism raises the speculation that this talent could be linked to a genetically distinct subset of children with autism. Further, the identification of absolute pitch in even young children with autism may lead to a lifelong skill.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma in a 17-year old boy: A case report and literature review

PubMed Central

Pérez-Guzmán, C.; Barrera-Rodríguez, R.; Portilla-Segura, J.

2016-01-01

Background Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare, invasive and often fatal neoplasm that develops in the thin layer of tissue surrounding the lungs known as the pleura. Although rare, mesotheliomas do occur in the young; their characteristics are distinct from those of older patients. Case presentation This is a case report of a 17-year-old boy who had moderate dyspnea, cough, right-sided pleuritic chest pain, fever, headache and no weight loss. Physical examination showed a right pleural effusion and chest roentgenograms revealed a homogenous opacity on lower right hemithorax. Biochemical analysis of pleural fluid showed hemorrhagic/turbid effusion compatible with exudate. It was initially treated as an empyema. The pleural fluid culture was negative. Adenosine deaminase level was 34.3 U/L (admission) and 19.02 U/L (two weeks after). Pleural fluid smear and culture for Mtb were negative. During the open pleural biopsy, thickened pleura and multiple pale yellow nodules in the lung were observed. The histopathological report was compatible with malignant pleural mesothelioma. With this diagnosis, a chemotherapy regimen with cisplatin was initiated. After two cycles, the patient had no clinical and radiological improvement. The patient is currently under regular follow up. Conclusion MPM is rare in young adults and its clinical presentation makes it different from mesothelioma in elderly patients, so it will be necessary to identify the new risk factors that can identify these patients. PMID:27222787

THE CASE OF A 14-YEAR-OLD BOY WHO EXPERIENCED ANAPHYLAXIS DUE TO JELLYFISH (MASTIGIAS PAPUA) INGESTION.

PubMed

Kubota, Shohei; Nozawa, Asako; Yanai, Takanori; Ozasa, Koji; Mori, Satomi; Kurihara, Kazuyuki

2017-01-01

We report a case of jellyfish allergy diagnosed via an oral food challenge. A 14-year-old boy had no history of jellyfish stings and had been eating commercially available jellyfish products twice yearly for the past 5-6 years. Five minutes after eating a commercially available boiled jellyfish product (100g), he experienced nausea, wheezing, and erythema and had visited our hospital. We suspected an anaphylactic reaction and treated him with intramuscular adrenaline injection, corticosteroid and antihistamine infusions, volume resuscitation, and salbutamol sulfate inhalation, which resulted in an improvement of the symptoms. One-month later in our hospital, we administered an oral food challenge of the same boiled jellyfish product bought at the same grocery store to the patient. After ingesting 14g of boiled jellyfish, he experienced erythema, wheezing, nausea, and abdominal pain. Several reports have described anaphylaxis caused by the ingestion of jellyfish, but the allergens in jellyfish have not been analyzed. A skin prick test for poly-gamma-glutamic acid (PGA) which is a component of jellyfish stings was negative. This suggests that he was sensitized to some allergen other than PGA via a route different from that of jellyfish sting. Our skin prick test for several kinds of edible jellyfish suggests that allergenicity may be different for different jellyfish.

Blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena sp.) envenomation of a 4-year-old boy: a case report.

PubMed

Cavazzoni, Elena; Lister, Bruce; Sargent, Phillip; Schibler, Andreas

2008-09-01

The blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena sp.) is a small animal, which can inject a toxin that produces a respiratory arrest within minutes. This envenomation is a rare occurrence with very few reported outcomes in children. A 4-year-old boy was bitten by a blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena sp.) whilst playing at a popular beach in Queensland, Australia. Within ten minutes of the bite, he had vomited three times, lost the ability to stand and complained of blurred vision. An ambulance was called by the time he presented to the local emergency department (20 minutes after the bite) he had acute and progressive skeletal muscle weakness. He was intubated, ventilated, and transferred to a pediatric intensive care unit for specialized supportive care. He was ventilated for a total of 17 hours with spontaneous muscular activity returning at around 15 hours from envenomation. If not treated appropriately the bite of this small and innocuous looking animal could have lead to death within minutes. This case report serves as a reminder of how appropriate treatment can ensure discharge from hospital with no long-term consequences. It also highlights the importance of education for beach goers and in particular parents to prevent exposure of tetrodotoxin to children.

Hepatoblastoma with pure fetal epithelial differentiation in a 10-year-old boy

PubMed Central

Zhong, Shanshan; Zhao, Yang; Fan, Chuifeng

2018-01-01

Abstract Rationale: Hepatoblastoma is a rare malignant embryonal tumor that only accounts for approximately 1% of all pediatric cancers and mostly develops in children younger than 5 years old. Moreover, the occurrence of hepatoblastoma in adults is extremely rare. Patient concerns: Herein, we present a rare case of hepatoblastoma with pure epithelial differentiation in a 10-year-old boy.Pathological examination was performed. The tumor was 15 cm × 15 cm in size with clear margins. The cut surface was multiple nodular and grey-yellow. Histologically, the small cuboidal tumor cells were arranged in trabeculae with 2–3 cell layers. The tumor cells had eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm, formed dark and light areas, and were positive for alpha-fetoprotein, CK, CK8/18, CD10, hepatocyte, and GPC3. CD34 staining revealed that the sinusoids were lined by endothelial cells in the tumor tissues. The Ki67 index was approximately 20%. Diagnoses: Based on these findings, the case was diagnosed as hepatoblastoma with pure fetal epithelial differentiation. Interventions: The tumor was completely removed. Outcomes: No recurrence was found 3 months after the operation. Lessons: Hepatoblastoma with pure epithelial differentiation can also occur in older children. Children rarely notice and report any physical abnormality, and this may be among the primary reasons for the late diagnosis of the tumor. Annual heath checks may be beneficial in the detection of these rare tumors and improvement of patient outcomes. PMID:29480877

Testicular thecoma in an 11-year-old boy with nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome).

PubMed

Ueda, Masakatsu; Kanematsu, Akihiro; Nishiyama, Hiroyuki; Yoshimura, Koji; Watanabe, Kenichiro; Yorifuji, Tohru; Mikami, Yoshiki; Kamoto, Toshiyuki; Ogawa, Osamu

2010-03-01

We report a case of testicular thecoma in an 11-year-old Japanese boy with nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin syndrome). He presented with left testicular swelling and underwent a radical orchiectomy on suspicion of a malignant paratesticular tumor. The tumor arose from the testis exophytically and was diagnosed as a thecoma histopathologically. Ovarian thecoma-fibroma group tumors are closely associated with Gorlin syndrome or with abnormalities in PTCH, a candidate gene for the syndrome. The occurrence of an extremely rare testicular thecoma in this case (the second in the literature) suggests that such an etiological association may also exist in the pathogenesis of testicular tumors.

Nipple adenoma in a 2-year-old boy.

PubMed

Fujisawa, Kou; Kato, Motoi; Kono, Tatsuki; Utsunomiya, Hiroki; Watanabe, Azusa; Watanabe, Shoji

2018-05-01

Nipple adenoma is an uncommon proliferative process of the breast and predominantly occurs in women aged 40-50. Its incidence is extremely low in men, and it has not been reported in a boy. Although nipple adenoma is rare and benign, being familiar with it is important because it clinically resembles Paget disease and histologically adenocarcinoma. We report a case of nipple adenoma in a boy. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Puberty timing and fluid intelligence: a study of correlations between testosterone and intelligence in 8- to 12-year-old Chinese boys.

PubMed

Shangguan, Fangfang; Shi, Jiannong

2009-08-01

Sex hormone such as testosterone was recently recognized as an important contributor of spatial cognition and intelligence during development, but the relationship between puberty timing and intelligence especially in children is largely unknown. Here in this study, we investigated the potential relationship between the level of sex hormones in saliva and fluid intelligence in 8- to 12-year-old Chinese boys. Fluid intelligence was measured by the Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test. 1600 children aged 8-12 years were included in the Cattell's Culture Fair Intelligence Test and saliva samples were collected thereafter from 166 boys with normal intelligence distribution, composed of 49, 54 and 63 boys in 8-, 10- and 12-year-old group respectively. The level of salivary testosterone and estradiol was measured with enzyme-immunoassay technique. Data of BMI and age were collected. The relationship between the level of salivary sex hormones and fluid intelligence was analysed by correlation test. There was no significant correlation between salivary testosterone level and fluid intelligence in 8-year-old boys, whereas there was a significant positive correlation in 10-year-old boys and a significant negative correlation in 12-year-old boys between those two variable. To verify the correlation, we performed stepwise multivariate linear regression and discriminant analysis, with both the age and BMI of the boys and their parents, and salivary estradiol level considered. The results showed that the level of testosterone and intelligence was correlated, and the correlation was much stronger when the level of salivary testosterone was higher than 14 pg/ml. In summary, the study suggests that the relationship of testosterone and intelligence varies from late childhood to early adolescence, and the puberty timing is closely related with fluid intelligence.

Atypical desquamation in a 2.5-year-old boy with Kawasaki disease: A case report.

PubMed

Adib, Ali; Fazel, Ali; Nabavizadeh, Seyed Hesamedin; Alyasin, Sohaila; Kashef, Sara

2017-02-01

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitis that mostly affects children under 5 years of age. This article presents a 2.5-year-old boy who presented with 6 days of fever, generalized maculopapular rash, bilateral non-exudative conjunctivitis, cracked lips, right cervical lymphadenopathy, erythematous extremities, and perianal desquamation. Laboratory studies showed leukocytosis and sterile pyuria. Because diagnosis of KD was proved, oral acetylsalicylic acid with the anti-inflammatory dose and intravenous immunoglobulin were started for him. On the seventh day of admission time, he developed desquamation and erythema on the site of his right cervical lymphadenopathy as well as periungual scaling. About three weeks after starting the treatment, scaling of the cervical lymphadenopathy and periungual area stopped. Echocardiography was performed for him three times: at the time of diagnosis, four weeks, and 6 months later and revealed normal coronary arteries. We report this sign, desquamation on the site of cervical lymphadenopathy, as a new finding.

An eleven year old boy with pain abdomen and early morning neuroparalytic syndrome.

PubMed

Sharma, Milap; Kalia, Shaurya; Sharma, Seema

2016-08-01

An 11 year old boy presented with pain abdomen and tenderness all over body when he got up from sleep early in the morning and subsequently had one vomiting after 30 min. He had no other significant past medical history. The child was shifted to nearby health facility where he was managed as a case of acute abdomen on the basis of suggestive history and clinical findings. Within 2 h after the onset of clinical features suggestive of acute abdomen the patient went on to develop marked ptosis and flaccid quadriplegia. The young boy underwent a sequence of clinical tests which were noncontributory. Based on the clinical picture, a differential diagnosis of hypokalemic paralysis, botulism, Miller Fischer syndrome and EMNS were considered. Through exclusion, the most probable diagnosis for the symptoms was elapid envenomation hence he was started on anti-snake venom (ASV) with working diagnosis of EMNS. Within 2 h, he began to show improvement. This recovery with ASV suggests the possibility of elapid envenomation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.

Malignant pleural mesothelioma in a 17-year old boy: A case report and literature review.

PubMed

Pérez-Guzmán, C; Barrera-Rodríguez, R; Portilla-Segura, J

2016-01-01

Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare, invasive and often fatal neoplasm that develops in the thin layer of tissue surrounding the lungs known as the pleura. Although rare, mesotheliomas do occur in the young; their characteristics are distinct from those of older patients. This is a case report of a 17-year-old boy who had moderate dyspnea, cough, right-sided pleuritic chest pain, fever, headache and no weight loss. Physical examination showed a right pleural effusion and chest roentgenograms revealed a homogenous opacity on lower right hemithorax. Biochemical analysis of pleural fluid showed hemorrhagic/turbid effusion compatible with exudate. It was initially treated as an empyema. The pleural fluid culture was negative. Adenosine deaminase level was 34.3 U/L (admission) and 19.02 U/L (two weeks after). Pleural fluid smear and culture for Mtb were negative. During the open pleural biopsy, thickened pleura and multiple pale yellow nodules in the lung were observed. The histopathological report was compatible with malignant pleural mesothelioma. With this diagnosis, a chemotherapy regimen with cisplatin was initiated. After two cycles, the patient had no clinical and radiological improvement. The patient is currently under regular follow up. MPM is rare in young adults and its clinical presentation makes it different from mesothelioma in elderly patients, so it will be necessary to identify the new risk factors that can identify these patients.

Cervical ankylosis following Grisel's syndrome in a 14-year-old boy with infectious mononucleosis.

PubMed

Haidar, Salwa; Drake, James; Armstrong, Derek

2005-03-01

Non-traumatic atlanto-axial subluxation (Grisel's syndrome) is an uncommon complication of neck space infection or otolaryngologic procedures. It most frequently affects children, although it may occur in adults. We present a 14-year-old boy with Grisel's syndrome as a complication of infectious mononucleosis proceeding to cervical ankylosis.

Unusual Onset of Celiac Disease and Addison's Disease in a 12-Year-Old Boy.

PubMed

Miconi, Francesco; Savarese, Emanuela; Miconi, Giovanni; Cabiati, Gabriele; Rapaccini, Valentina; Principi, Nicola; Esposito, Susanna

2017-07-29

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder deriving from an aberrant adaptive immune response against gluten-containing grains in genetically predisposed subjects. In a number of patients, CD is associated with one or more other autoimmune diseases. Primary Addison's disease (AD) and CD may co-exist, although this association is relatively uncommon in children. In addition, it is not precisely defined whether a gluten-free diet influences the course of AD. A case of CD in a 12-year-old boy presenting as acute adrenal insufficiency is described here. A gluten-free diet had a significant therapeutic role in this case, wherein most of the clinical signs and symptoms of AD disappeared in a few days. In addition, the dosage of cortisol acetate, initially administered to treat the AD, was able to be rapidly reduced. This case highlights that CD can be associated with AD in children, and a gluten-free diet seems to positively influence the course of AD.

A 5-year-old boy with only fever and giant coronary aneurysms: the enigma of Kawasaki disease?

PubMed

Vignesh, Pandiarajan; Bhattad, Sagar; Singhal, Manphool; Singh, Surjit

2016-08-01

Epidemiological case definition of Kawasaki disease (KD) by the American Heart Association requires the presence of fever and four of the following: eye signs, oral mucosal changes, skin rashes, limb edema, and unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Incomplete KD is a well-known entity where there is lack of some of mucocutaneous features, and this occurs more often in infants. We report a 5-year-old boy with KD and giant coronary aneurysms, who presented only with fever and there is complete lack of skin and mucosal manifestations at presentation.

Hepatoblastoma with pure fetal epithelial differentiation in a 10-year-old boy: A rare case report and review of the literature.

PubMed

Zhong, Shanshan; Zhao, Yang; Fan, Chuifeng

2018-01-01

Hepatoblastoma is a rare malignant embryonal tumor that only accounts for approximately 1% of all pediatric cancers and mostly develops in children younger than 5 years old. Moreover, the occurrence of hepatoblastoma in adults is extremely rare. Herein, we present a rare case of hepatoblastoma with pure epithelial differentiation in a 10-year-old boy.Pathological examination was performed. The tumor was 15 cm × 15 cm in size with clear margins. The cut surface was multiple nodular and grey-yellow. Histologically, the small cuboidal tumor cells were arranged in trabeculae with 2-3 cell layers. The tumor cells had eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm, formed dark and light areas, and were positive for alpha-fetoprotein, CK, CK8/18, CD10, hepatocyte, and GPC3. CD34 staining revealed that the sinusoids were lined by endothelial cells in the tumor tissues. The Ki67 index was approximately 20%. Based on these findings, the case was diagnosed as hepatoblastoma with pure fetal epithelial differentiation. The tumor was completely removed. No recurrence was found 3 months after the operation. Hepatoblastoma with pure epithelial differentiation can also occur in older children. Children rarely notice and report any physical abnormality, and this may be among the primary reasons for the late diagnosis of the tumor. Annual heath checks may be beneficial in the detection of these rare tumors and improvement of patient outcomes. Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Laparoscopic Finding of Ectopic Adrenocortical Tissue in a 2-Year-Old Boy with Vanishing Testis.

PubMed

Marte, Antonio

2018-01-01

Ectopic adrenocortical tissue (EAT) along the spermatic cord is an unusual condition in children. The author reports on a 2-year-old boy with impalpable testis. On laparoscopy, EAT was detected along the hypotrophic spermatic vessels and excised. These remnants should be removed to prevent hormone production or malignant transformation.

Perceived, Expressed and Observed Prosociality among Four-Year-Old Girls and Boys in Childcare Centres

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bouchard, Caroline; Coutu, Sylvain; Bigras, Nathalie; Lemay, Lise; Cantin, Gilles; Bouchard, Marie-Claire; Duval, Stéphanie

2015-01-01

This article examines the prosociality of four-year-old girls and boys in childcare centres. More specifically, it aims to measure gender differences in prosociality among children, based on three sources and methods of evaluation: (1) the early childhood educator's (ECE) perception (perceived prosociality), (2) the children's own responses to…

Laparoscopic Finding of Ectopic Adrenocortical Tissue in a 2-Year-Old Boy with Vanishing Testis

PubMed Central

Marte, Antonio

2018-01-01

Ectopic adrenocortical tissue (EAT) along the spermatic cord is an unusual condition in children. The author reports on a 2-year-old boy with impalpable testis. On laparoscopy, EAT was detected along the hypotrophic spermatic vessels and excised. These remnants should be removed to prevent hormone production or malignant transformation. PMID:29326864

A rare case of complete second arch branchial fistula in a 7-year-old child.

PubMed

Shankar, Venkateswara Gomathi; Babu, Thirunavukkarasu Arun; Swami, Hartimath Basavanand

2012-07-01

Branchial fistulae are formed due to the abnormal persistence of the embryonic branchial clefts. Complete branchial fistula with internal and external opening is extremely rare. We report a rare case of complete second arch branchial fistulae in a 7-year-old boy, which was confirmed by a fistulogram. The tract was completely excised and the patient was successfully treated.

[Vomiting as main symptom: unusual presentation of a hyperthyroidism in a 12-year-old boy].

PubMed

Müller-Michaels, J; Bürk, G; Andler, W

1997-01-01

A twelve year old boy presented with a sudden onset of recurrent nausea and vomiting. During the past six weeks he had a weight loss of 13 kg. While he was in the hospital, persistent tachycardia and a slightly elevated blood pressure were noted. The gastroenterologic, cardiologic and neuropediatric examinations were normal. To exclude the differential diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, thyroid hormones were checked. They showed clearly elevated levels of tri-iodothyronine and thyroxine, while thyrotropin was suppressed. The boy did not have a goiter. Under thyrostatic therapy his clinical condition improved quickly. Among our 20 patients with hyperthyroidism he was the only one whose main symptom was severe vomiting.

Emergency free-tissue transfer to salvage the partially amputated foot of a 2-year-old boy.

PubMed

Wechselberger, Gottfried; Pülzl, Petra; Schoeller, Thomas

2005-09-01

We report about a 2-year-old boy who had a lawn mower injury to the left foot, resulting in a partial amputation and severe soft-tissue defect. To salvage the length of the foot, an emergency free-tissue transfer was performed. Indication, advantages, and outcome of the procedure are discussed.

A rare case of complete second arch branchial fistula in a 7-year-old child

PubMed Central

Shankar, Venkateswara Gomathi; Babu, Thirunavukkarasu Arun; Swami, Hartimath Basavanand

2012-01-01

Branchial fistulae are formed due to the abnormal persistence of the embryonic branchial clefts. Complete branchial fistula with internal and external opening is extremely rare. We report a rare case of complete second arch branchial fistulae in a 7-year-old boy, which was confirmed by a fistulogram. The tract was completely excised and the patient was successfully treated. PMID:23833506

Anthropometric parameters and sexual maturation in 12- to 15-year-old Estonian boys.

PubMed

Veldre, Gudrun; Jürimäe, Toivo

2004-06-01

The aims of this study were 1. to fix main sexual maturation signs and anthropometric measurements, and 2. to investigate relations between maturational status and main anthropometric parameters (i.e. skinfolds, girths, lengths, breadths/lengths) in 12-15-year old boys. In total, 361 boys from Tartu, Estonia, were studied. Body height and weight, 9 skinfolds, 13 girths, 8 lengths and 8 breadths/lengths were measured. Pubertal stages were determined according to the criteria described by Tanner (1962). Self-assessment of pubic hair (PH1-PH5) was used. Genital development (G1-G5) was estimated by palpating the left testis and matching the size of wood ovoid of the Prader orchidometer. Finally, boys were asked about oigarche (= age at the first ejaculation of sperm). Most of the measured anthropometric variables were significantly different in boys of different chronological age and sexual maturity groups. By linear discriminant analysis, the safety of separation of the chronological age groups was higher than by sexual maturation variables. Nonlinear discriminant analysis allowed to separate sexual maturity groups by anthropometric variables up to 99% security. It was concluded that though the growth and development of a child is highly individual, on an average the anthropometric characteristics alter very constantly with the increase of age and biological maturation. Our results indicated that there were some significant differences in the anthropometrical parameters depending on the chronological age and biological maturation. Mostly length and breadth/length parameters change during the studied age period in respect to sexual development subgroups of boys. The skinfold thicknesses were not changed or even decreased.

Atypical presentation of perforated peptic ulcer disease in a 12-year-old boy.

PubMed

Mbarushimana, Simon; Morris-Stiff, Gareth; Thomas, George

2014-06-27

A 12-year-old boy was referred to the surgical unit with 4 h history of severe lower abdominal pain and bilious vomiting. No other symptoms were reported and there was no significant medical or family history. Examination revealed tenderness in the lower abdomen, in particular the left iliac fossa. His white cell count was elevated at 19.6×10(9)/L, with a predominant neutrophilia of 15.8×10(9)/L and a C reactive protein of <0.3 mg/L. An abdominal X-ray revealed intraperitoneal gas and a chest X-ray identified free air under both hemidiaphragms. Subsequent diagnostic laparoscopy identified a perforated duodenal ulcer that was repaired by means of an omental patch. The case illustrates that although uncommon, alternate diagnoses must be borne in mind in children presenting with lower abdominal pain and diagnostic laparoscopy is a useful tool in children with visceral perforation as it avoids treatment delays and exposure to excess radiation. 2014 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

Clinical presentation of Churg-Strauss syndrome in children: A 12-year-old-boy with ANCA-negative Churg-Strauss syndrome.

PubMed

Razenberg, Femke G E M; Heynens, Jan W C M; Jan de Vries, Geeuwke; Duijts, Liesbeth; de Jongste, Johan C; de Blic, Jacques; Rosias, Philippe P R

2012-01-01

Churg-Strauss syndrome is an uncommon multisystem disorder characterized by asthma, eosinophilia and vasculitis. We report on a 12-year-old boy with asthma and deterioration of his general condition, who was eventually diagnosed with an ANCA-negative Churg-Strauss syndrome. The propositus included, 50 cases of childhood Churg-Strauss syndrome have been reported. The patient characteristics and clinical characteristics of these children are summarized. The respiratory tract is most frequently involved with pulmonary infiltrates, asthma and sinusitis. Early recognition of childhood Churg-Strauss syndrome is important as delayed diagnosis can lead to severe organ involvement, and possible fatal outcome.

Trisomy 18 mosaicism in a 15-year-old boy with normal intelligence and short stature

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

NONE

We report a 15-year-old boy with mosaicism for trisomy 18 and normal intelligence. Approximately 50% of his leukocytes are trisomic. This patient represents the sixth report of an individual with trisomy 18 mosaicism and normal intelligence. Those individuals with trisomy 18 mosaicism and normal intelligence need to be advised of increased risks for offspring with chromosome abnormalities and offered the option of prenatal diagnosis for cytogenetic anomalies. 6 refs.

High aerobic fitness is associated with lower total and regional adiposity in 12-year-old overweight boys.

PubMed

Ostojic, S M; Stojanovic, M D

2010-12-01

The objective of the present study was to determine relationship between aerobic (cardiovascular) fitness and body composition in both non-overweight and overweight 12-year-old school boys. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a random sample of 10 elementary schools. The study participants were a 170 healthy fifth-grade elementary school boys aged 11.9±0.4 years. Anthropometric data (height, body mass, waist circumference, abdominal skinfold thickness) were collected according to standard procedure. Total body fat and muscle mass percentage were assessed by bioimpedance analysis. Body Mass Index (BMI) age-specific cutoff points were used for overweight definition and boys were placed in two groups overweight and non-overweight. Aerobic fitness (VO2max) was assessed with the multistage shuttle-run fitness test. Boys were grouped into high (upper two quintiles) and low (lower two quintiles) aerobic fitness based on age distribution. Waist circumference, abdominal skinfold thickness and total body fat were lower while muscle mass percentage was higher in overweight boys with high aerobic fitness in comparison with boys at the same BMI category with low fitness level (P<0.05). Aerobic fitness was inversely correlated with body fat in the whole group of subjects (r=-0,57, P<0.05), with particularly high correlation between VO2max and muscle mass in overweight boys (r=0.68, P<0.05). Indicators of local and total adiposity were lower in boys with high aerobic fitness. It seems that high aerobic fitness has is positively associated with body composition in overweight boys.

[Influence of sports on development of 10 and 11-year-old boys. II. Spiroergometry].

PubMed

Popow, C; Haschke, F; Haber, P; Schuster, E; Salzer, H R

1984-01-01

We performed ergometric tests on a bicycle ergometer at the beginning and at the end of a nine month training period of track-and field athletics at school in 21 10 to 11 year old boys (8 hours training per week) and in 12 control subjects (3 1/2 hours training per week). With the exception of total work both groups had similar results at the first test. After nine months most test parameters were significantly improved in both groups. Total working time, total and maximal work, systolic blood pressure at maximal work and relative VO2max. were significantly different in the boys with 8 hours training from values obtained in the control subjects. VO2max. per kg body weight increased from a mean of 48.03 to 57.43 ml x min-1 x kg-2 (19.6%) in the boys with 8 hours training and from 44.70 tp 49.20 ml x min-1 x kg-1 (10.1%) in the control subjects. VO2-max. per kg lean body mass increased only in the boys with 8 hours training. VO2max. related to heart rate increased by 33% in the boys with 8 hours training and by 12% in the controls. The maximal minute ventilation and the minute ventilation at different submaximal working loads decreased in both groups. We conclude that the higher physical activity significantly improved the physical performance and the performance of the cardiovascular and respiratory system in preadolescent boys.

Cycling peak power in obese and lean 6- to 8-year-old girls and boys.

PubMed

Aucouturier, Julien; Lazaar, Nordine; Doré, Eric; Meyer, Martine; Ratel, Sebastien; Duché, Pascale

2007-06-01

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible effect of the difference in percentage body fat (%BF) and fat-free mass (FFM) on cycling peak power (CPP) in 6- to 8-year-old obese and lean untrained girls and boys. Obese (35 girls, 35 boys) and lean (35 girls, 35 boys) children were measured for obesity, %BF, calculated from skinfold measurements. FFM was calculated as body mass (BM) minus body fat. A force-velocity test on a cycle ergometer was used to measure CPP. CPP was related to anthropometric variables using standard and allometric models. CPP in absolute terms was higher in obese children than in lean children irrespective of gender. BM-related CPP was significantly lower in obese children than in lean ones, whereas no effect of obesity appeared on FFM-related CPP. Velocity at CPP (Vopt) was significantly lower and force at CPP (Fopt) was significantly higher in girls than in boys. Muscle power production was unaffected by obesity in children. Low BM-related CPP could explain the difficulty of taking up physical activities that are body-mass related in obese children. Gender difference for Vopt and Fopt shows that girls and boys may have different maturation patterns affecting CPP.

The Relationship between Social Defiance, Vindictiveness, Anger, and Brain Morphology in Eight-Year-Old Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fahim, Cherine; Fiori, Marina; Evans, Alan C.; Perusse, Daniel

2012-01-01

The goal of this study is twofold: (1) to assess brain anatomical differences between children meeting diagnostic criteria for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and healthy controls, and (2) to investigate whether morphological brain characteristics associated with ODD differ in boys and girls. Eight-year-old participants (N = 38) were scanned…

Guillain-Barre syndrome in a 7-month-old boy successfully applied plasma exchange.

PubMed

Akarcan, Sanem Eren; İşgüder, Rana; Yılmaz, Ünsal; Ayhan, Yüce; Ceylan, Gökhan; Ağın, Hasan

2016-02-01

Despite being the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in children Guillain-Barré syndrome has a low incidence under 18 years old, and is even rarer under the age of 2. Established treatment regimens include intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange in older children and adults. However very limited data are available for the efficacy and safety of plasma exchange in infants younger than 12 month-old. This article presents the experience of plasma exchange in the case of 7-month-old boy diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. A 7-month-old boy was referred to the pediatric intensive care unit with a 10-day history of progressive weakness, feeding difficulty and constipation. He was diagnosed with axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome on the basis of clinical and electromyographical findings. The patient recovered fully with intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange. Plasma exchange may be a safe option in the treatment in infants with Guillain-Barré syndrome as young as 7-month-age. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Interactive metronome training for a 9-year-old boy with attention and motor coordination difficulties.

PubMed

Bartscherer, Melinda L; Dole, Robin L

2005-01-01

The purpose of this case report is to describe a new intervention, the Interactive Metronome, for improving timing and coordination. A nine-year-old boy, with difficulties in attention and developmental delay of unspecified origin underwent a seven-week training program with the Interactive Metronome. Before, during, and after training timing, accuracy was assessed with testing procedures consistent with the Interactive Metronome training protocol. Before and after training, his gross and fine motor skills were examined with the Bruininiks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP). The child exhibited marked change in scores on both timing accuracy and several BOTMP subtests. Additionally his mother relayed anecdotal reports of changes in behavior at home. This child's participation in a new intervention for improving timing and coordination was associated with changes in timing accuracy, gross and fine motor abilities, and parent reported behaviors. These findings warrant further study.

Retroperitoneal Angiomatoid Fibrous Histiocytoma Presenting as a Recurrent Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage in a 9-Year-Old Boy.

PubMed

Slack, Jonathan C; Sanchez-Glanville, Carlos; Steele, MacGregor; Wong, Andrew L; Bründler, Marie-Anne

2018-05-01

Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a rare soft tissue tumor that typically presents in children and young adults. Occurrence outside of the extremities and the head and neck region is exceedingly rare. We report the case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with recurrent retroperitoneal hemorrhage initially thought to be a manifestation of an underlying bleeding disorder. After comprehensive diagnostic work-up, including multiple negative biopsies, the patient underwent surgical resection of an extensively hemorrhagic intramuscular mass and to date remains well. Pathologic examination confirmed AFH with EWSR1 gene rearrangement. This first documented report of an AFH in a retroperitoneal location in a child highlights the diagnostic difficulties and clinical challenges of AFH arising in an atypical location.

First case report of staghorn calculi successfully removed by mini-endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in a 2-year-old boy.

PubMed

Taguchi, Kazumi; Hamamoto, Shuzo; Okada, Atsushi; Mizuno, Kentaro; Tozawa, Keiichi; Hayashi, Yutaro; Kohri, Kenjiro; Yasui, Takahiro

2015-10-01

Less-invasive therapy for pediatric urolithiasis is available due to the miniaturization of equipment and improved optics; however, surgical treatment strategies, especially for large calculi, remain controversial. We describe here our experience of treating a 2-year-old boy with left renal staghorn calculi with a single session of mini-endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in the prone split-leg position with pre-ureteral stenting and the directional enhanced flow imaging ultrasound technique. This is the first report of successful pediatric mini-endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery without any major complications. We believe this technique provides an important therapeutic option for large renal calculus in pediatric patients. © 2015 The Japanese Urological Association.

[Clinical thinking and decision making in practice. A 7-year old boy with rapid growth and pubic hair].

PubMed

Berents-Oosterhof, M Y; Noordam, C; Otten, B J

2000-12-16

A 7-year-old boy was tall, with a developing penis and initial growth of pubic hair. Due to the accelerated growth there was no premature adrenarche and due to the increased testicular volume there must have been a central cause for the production of androgens. Further specific investigations revealed an astrocytoma of the hypothalamus. After radiotherapy, the tumour exhibited no growth. The pubertal development was inhibited and the growth later stimulated by means of medication. In the case of pubertas praecox the growth chart and pubertal stages including testicular volume can help to differentiate between central and peripheral precocious puberty, narrow the diagnostic evaluation and reduce the time of the initial therapy.

Acquired toxoplasmosis of a submandibular lymph node in a 9-year-old boy diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology.

PubMed

Macey-Dare, L V; Kocjan, G; Goodman, J R

1996-12-01

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection which may be asymptomatic or produce lymphadenopathy, fever and malaise. In children the cervical lymph nodes are most commonly affected. This report describes a case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with submandibular lymphadenopathy associated with a non-vital primary tooth, which persisted following extraction of the tooth. A diagnosis of acquired toxoplasmosis was made on the findings of fine-needle aspiration cytology and subsequently confirmed by serological investigations, thus sparing the patient unnecessary hospitalization and surgery. The patient required amitryptyline as a nocturnal sedative and made a complete recovery within a few months without the need for further intervention.

Clean it up: motivating a 13-year-old boy to pick up his room.

PubMed

James, Helene M; Luyben, Paul D

2009-01-01

The purpose of this study was to reduce the messiness in a 13-year-old boy's room. Previous research indicated that contingent access to an activity reinforcer such as computer time might well provide the motivation to do what the participant had steadfastly refused to do in the past. The data show that relative to baseline there was a substantial decrease in the number of objects out-of-place once the contingency was in effect, although limitations in the design preclude absolute confidence that the intervention produced the reductions observed.

Scott: an 11-year-old boy with repetitive lying.

PubMed

Wells, Robert D; Bruns, Bryan; Wender, Esther H; Stein, Martin T

2010-04-01

Scott, an 11-year-old boy in the fifth grade, is brought to his pediatrician, Dr. Lewis, by his maternal grandparents with the principle concern that "he lies constantly." Scott lived with his maternal grandparents since he was 2 years old, and they have full custody. His mother and father had serious substance abuse problems. The grandparents provide a stable home for Scott and his 15-year-old sister. Scott has had no contact with his mother in more than 6 years and sees his father infrequently. During the last visit with his father, he was so inebriated that he was thrown out of the movie theatre and barely avoided several car accidents on the way home. He left the children at the curb of their home and made them promise that they would lie to their grandparents about the reasons for the early return. Scott was diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in second grade. Methylphenidate (36 mg) provides improvement in attention and concentration. His grandfather describes Scott as highly unpredictable. When he is the "good Jake," he is eager to help, polite, and caring. When Scott gets behind in school or is avoiding his chores and assignments, he lies by saying that he got it all done, even though he knows his grandfather will discover the lie and punish him. When confronted with reports from school, Scott often lies and may develop more elaborate confabulatory stories. His grandfather admits that he becomes irate at these moments. He responds by removing Scott's privileges. When he planned to take Scott to see his favorite sport team in the playoffs, Scott was caught in a lie the day of his departure. His grandfather offered him a chance to fess up, pay a small price in extra chores, and save the trip. Scott stubbornly refused to admit that he lied and lost the trip. His grandfather worries that Scott has no "moral compass." He takes things that do not belong to him and violates household curfew rules. He has never been physically aggressive

Massive malignant pleural effusion due to lung adenocarcinoma in 13-year-old boy.

PubMed

Afghani, Reza; Hajimohammadi, Amir; Azarhoush, Ramin; Kazemi-Nejad, Vahideh; Yari, Behrouz; Rezapour Esfahani, Mona

2016-05-01

A 13-year-old boy with no risk factors for lung cancer presented with a massive left-sided pleural effusion and a mediastinal shift on chest radiography and computed tomography. A chest tube drained bloody pleural fluid with an exudative pattern. A pleural biopsy and wedge biopsy of the left lower lobe revealed mucinous adenocarcinoma in the left lower lobe wedge biopsy and metastatic adenocarcinoma in the pleural biopsy. The patient is currently undergoing chemotherapy. Radiotherapy is planned after shrinkage of the tumor. Adenocarcinoma of the lung is very rarely seen in teenagers or children, especially in the absence of risk factors. © The Author(s) 2016.

Conjunctival papilloma caused by human papillomavirus type 11 treated with systemic interferon in a five-year-old boy.

PubMed

Okan, Gökhan; Ayan, Inci; Karslioğlu, Safak; Altiok, Ender; Yenmiş, Güven; Vural, Gürcan

2010-01-01

Conjunctival papilloma is a benign tumor of the conjunctival mucosa. In childhood, papilloma represents 7-10% of conjunctival tumors. Human papillomavirus (HPV)-6 and HPV-11 are the major HPV types responsible for conjunctival lesions. A five-year-old boy with a two-year history of conjunctival papilloma caused by HPV type 11 treated with systemic interferon alpha is reported and the literature is reviewed.

The 48, XXXX/49,XXXXY/49,XXXX,i(Yq) mosaicism in a 3-year-old boy from a twin pregnancy.

PubMed

Kaluzewski, B; Podkul, D; Zaborowska, I; Moruzgala, T; Jakubowski, L

1977-07-26

A 3-year-old boy from twin pregnancy with the features of marked dystrophia from birth, deficient growth, considerable retardation of physical and mental development, numerous somatic defects, suspected congenital heart disease, and hypoplastic external genitalia, is reported. The 48,XXXX/49,XXXXY/49,XXXX,i(Yq) karyotype was diagnosed. The boy's brother, normally developed, had a 46,XY karyotype. It was found on the basis of serologic findings that the brothers were dizygotic twins.

Rat bite fever, a fatal case of Streptobacillus moniliformis infection in a 14-month-old boy.

PubMed

Banerjee, Priya; Ali, Zabiullah; Fowler, David R

2011-03-01

Streptobacillus moniliformis is the primary cause of rat bite fever in North America. Children under 12 years of age are primarily infected, presenting with an acute syndrome of fever, rash, and polyarthritis. Common vectors include rats and mice. Transmission is predominantly from a bite or scratch, but contact with or ingestion of food contaminated with feces or saliva has also been reported. We report a fatal case of S. moniliformis infection in a 14-month-old-boy. At home, the child was exposed to filthy living conditions and the family had pet ferrets. Autopsy revealed a red-pink, mostly confluent rash and a circumscribed area suspicious for a possible bite mark. Cerebrospinal fluid cultures were positive for S. moniliformis. This case highlighted key features, such as the morbiliform rash, but lacked lymphadenopathy or joint manifestations. It is important to consider rat or rodent exposure as a source of infection. © 2011 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.

Prevalence and characteristics of cigarette smoking among 16 to 18 years old boys and girls in Saudi Arabia.

PubMed

Al Ghobain, Mohammed O; Al Moamary, Mohamed S; Al Shehri, Sulieman N; Al-Hajjaj, Mohamed S

2011-07-01

To study the prevalence and characteristics of cigarette smoking among secondary school students (16- to 18-year-old boys and girls) in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. We applied a standard two-stage, cross-sectional study design. Secondary schools for both boys and girls in Riyadh city were randomly selected using a cluster sampling method. We used the global youth tobacco survey (GYTS) tool to achieve our objectives. Among 1272 students (606 boys and 666 girls), the prevalence of those ever smoked cigarettes was 42.8% (55.6% of boys and 31.4% of girls). The prevalence of current smoking was 19.5% (31.2% of boys and 8.9% of girls). Despite the fact that the majority of students think smoking is harmful, most do not wish to stop smoking, and they had not tried to stop in the past year. Cigarette smoking is significantly associated with the male gender, having friends who smoke, and having parents who smoke, but is not significantly associated with the type of school attended. Smoking prevalence among secondary schools students in Saudi Arabia is high and alarming. There is a need to implement an education program about the risks of smoking and to include parents and friends as healthy models to prevent students from beginning to smoke.

Growth trends in boys and girls (10-17 years-old) from autonomous region of Madeira, Portugal between 1996-1998 and 2007-2009.

PubMed

Sousa, B; Oliveira, B M P M; de Almeida, M D V

2012-01-01

Growth trends have never been studied in adolescents of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal. To analyse growth trends in weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and triceps skin-fold thickness (TST) of adolescents (10-17 years old) of the Autonomous Region of Madeira between 1996-1998 and 2007-2009. A cross-sectional study was carried out between 2007-2009, including 4314 adolescents, 2237 girls and 2077 boys (10-17 years old). To study secular growth trends, data were compared with a sample from 1996-1998, comparing the means for each anthropometric variable by age and sex using the independent-sample t-test. An average increase was found in weight of 5.8 kg in boys and 6.3 kg in girls; in height of 3.0 cm in boys and 3.7 cm in girls; in BMI of 1.5 kg/m(2) in boys and 1.7 kg/m(2) in girls; in WC a difference of 5.6 cm and 4.9 cm for boys and girls, respectively, and for MUAC a difference of 2.7 cm in boys and 2.0 cm in girls. No differences were found in TST in boys, but in girls an increase of 1.2 mm was observed. A general increase in anthropometric measurements, more marked in weight, BMI, WC and MUAC and at younger ages, was observed.

[Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome in a 2 year old boy with prenatally diagnosed retroperitoneal tumour].

PubMed

Jamroz, Ewa; Głuszkiewicz, Ewa; Madziara, Wojciech; Kiełtyka, Aleksandra

2011-01-01

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, also named Myoclonic Encephalopathy of Infants, Opsoclonus- Myoclonus Ataxia, Dancing Eyes - Dancing Feet Syndrome, Dancing Eyes Syndrome, Kinsbourne syndrome, is a rare, paraneoplastic or possibly post-viral chronic neurological disorder. The age of presentation ranges from 6 months to 3 years. In 50% of affected children the syndrome is associated with an underlying occult or clinically apparent neuroblastoma. In most patients the tumour is localized, small and well differentiated, with no NMYC gene copy number amplification. The syndrome may also occur after tumour resection or at relapse. The opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome can occur in children without neuroblastoma, in such idiopathiccases, the onset of neurological symptoms is related to infection. It is assumed, that in idiopathic cases the syndrome could have developed in the course of neuroblastoma which had undergone a complete spontaneous regression. The most characteristic clinical features of opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome are: opsoclonus, myoclonus, ataxia, irritability, mutism and sleep disturbances. The disease course is usually long-term with episodes of remission and relapses. Approximately 80% of children with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome suffer from mild to severe neurological handicaps, mainly cognitive impairment. The authors present a 2-year old boy with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome preceded by involution of prenatally documented retroperitoneal area tumour.

[Sexuality in children 9-14 years old].

PubMed

Ballester Arnal, Rafael; Gil Llario, María Dolores

2006-02-01

The aim of this study was to analyze sexual behaviors and attitudes of children 9-14 years old in Spain. In this article we present data from 470 children of which 52% are boys and 48% girls. In order to evaluate the sample, Information, Attitudes and Behaviors related to Health Questionnaire (CIACS-II) was used. Results evidence that boys 9 years old already show behaviors that evidence their interest towards sexuality. 8% have sometimes masturbated and 9% have used pornography for becoming excited. 14% of children 11-12 years old have already had sexual relations and 38% state to have sexual fantasies. Girls start to masturbate and to have sexual relations later than boys and show a prevalence of sexual fantasies and use of pornography very lower. It is necessary sexual education programs to be implanted since early ages in schools.

Long-Term Effects of Synthetic versus Analytic Phonics Teaching on the Reading and Spelling Ability of 10 Year Old Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnston, Rhona S.; McGeown, Sarah; Watson, Joyce E.

2012-01-01

A comparison was made of 10-year-old boys and girls who had learnt to read by analytic or synthetic phonics methods as part of their early literacy programmes. The boys taught by the synthetic phonics method had better word reading than the girls in their classes, and their spelling and reading comprehension was as good. In contrast, with analytic…

Spontaneous resolution of pituitary apoplexy in a giant boy under 10 years old.

PubMed

Chentli, Farida; Bey, Abderrahim; Belhimer, Faiza; Azzoug, Said

2012-01-01

Pituitary gigantism is a very rare condition; the occurrence of pituitary apoplexy in children younger than 10 years old is even rarer. The aim of our study is to report this exceptional association. A boy aged 9 years and 6 months was hospitalized for the first time in November 2011 for symptoms suggesting pituitary apoplexy. The onset of his disease was difficult to determine as his health record has been poorly maintained. On October 10, 2011, he presented to an emergency department with a sudden drop of visual acuity with diplopia and retro-orbital headaches. An ophthalmological exam found very low visual acuity (1/20) with papillary edema. An MRI of the patient's brain revealed a hemorrhagic pituitary process reaching the chiasma, which was compressed, especially on the right side. Thereafter, the patient's vision improved spontaneously. Clinical examination was normal except for gigantism (+5 SD compared to the target stature). Hormonal assessment argued for mixed secretion [growth hormone (GH) = 39 ng/mL, n ≤ 5, prolactin ( PRL) = 470 ng/mL, n < 15]. Other pituitary functions were normal. Visual acuity normalized after 2 months, and an MRI showed a spontaneous reduction of the pituitary tumor. This unusual observation is a model of symptomatic pituitary apoplexy with spontaneous resolution in a boy with pituitary gigantism: phenomenon quite exceptional and worth to be reported.

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in an 11-Year Old South American Boy: Medical and Cultural Challenges.

PubMed

Schermbrucker, Jonah; Kimber, Melissa; Johnson, Natasha; Kearney, Sarah; Couturier, Jennifer

2017-07-01

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is new in the DSM-5, replacing the DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood. ARFID has no age criterion, and therefore addresses eating disturbances across the lifespan. This report illustrates the case of an 11-year-old boy of Colombian ancestry with ARFID and explores the role of culture in the diagnosis of ARFID. To date, literature describing this disorder is limited. ARFID is often seen in the child and adolescent population and can have significant medical consequences, including weight loss, hemodynamic instability, and growth retardation. Studies examining the potential cultural challenges of diagnosing and treating ARFID would benefit patients, as well as health professionals working in primary care, pediatrics, and psychiatry. This paper is intended to inform the reader about this multifaceted disorder, and to generate interest for future research.

Surgical Repair of Axillary Artery Aneurysm in a 2-Year-Old Child: A Case Report.

PubMed

Beshish, Asaad G; Arutyunyan, Tsovinar

2017-05-01

Peripheral aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm of an artery is a well-recognized but rare phenomenon in children. We report a case of an axillary artery aneurysm in a 2-year-old boy with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Definitive surgical treatment with left axillary artery aneurysm exclusion and bypass with greater saphenous vein graft were performed. To our knowledge, this is the only axillary artery aneurysm ever reported in a child. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Case Report: "Purely" Psychiatric Presentation of Multiple Sclerosis in an Adolescent Boy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Treadwell-Deering, Diane; Evankovich, Karen; Lotze, Tim

2007-01-01

We present the case of a 14-year-old Hispanic boy with a 6-month history of a psychotic disorder necessitating several hospitalizations who was incidentally found to have multiple sclerosis with no physical findings. Neuropsychological assessment has revealed impairments in word-finding, bilateral fine motor skills, and attention. Imaging and…

Case of hypercalcemia secondary to hypervitaminosis a in a 6-year-old boy with autism.

PubMed

Vyas, Arpita Kalla; White, Neil H

2011-01-01

Vitamin A intoxication secondary to over-the-counter nutritional supplements and from its use in acne treatment has been described. However, there have been very few case reports of chronic hypervitaminosis A leading to hypercalcemia in the pediatric population. This paper describes a boy with hypercalcemia secondary to chronic vitamin A intoxication in the context of vitamin A usage for therapy of autism. In addition to discontinuation of vitamin A, hyperhydration, and furosemide, the hypercalcemia in this patient required the use of prednisone and pamidronate to normalize the calcium.

Case of Hypercalcemia Secondary to Hypervitaminosis A in a 6-Year-Old Boy with Autism

PubMed Central

Vyas, Arpita Kalla; White, Neil H.

2011-01-01

Vitamin A intoxication secondary to over-the-counter nutritional supplements and from its use in acne treatment has been described. However, there have been very few case reports of chronic hypervitaminosis A leading to hypercalcemia in the pediatric population. This paper describes a boy with hypercalcemia secondary to chronic vitamin A intoxication in the context of vitamin A usage for therapy of autism. In addition to discontinuation of vitamin A, hyperhydration, and furosemide, the hypercalcemia in this patient required the use of prednisone and pamidronate to normalize the calcium. PMID:22937283

Upper Extremity Multifocal Neuropathy in a 10-Year-Old Boy Associated With NS6S Disaccharide Antibodies.

PubMed

Edelman, Frederick; Naddaf, Elie; Waclawik, Andrew J

2015-06-01

We present a 10-year-old boy with a predominantly motor multifocal neuropathy with demyelinating and axonal changes with sensory involvement, affecting only one upper extremity. Laboratory studies revealed an elevated titer of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies against the NS6S antigen. He responded to treatment with high dose intravenous immunoglobulins. Focal or multifocal immune-mediated neuropathies are not common in children and may be underdiagnosed. © The Author(s) 2014.

Combined neutrophil and erythrocyte agglutination in a 7-year-old boy.

PubMed

Yenson, Paul R; Fleming, Adam; Kaikov, Yigal; Wadsworth, Louis D

2007-09-01

Leukoagglutination is a rare in vitro phenomenon, with demonstration of both temperature and/or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dependence. We report a case of combined leukocyte and erythrocyte agglutination in a 7-year-old male with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Epstein-Barr virus coinfection. To our knowledge, this morphologic finding has not previously been described.

Successful displacement of a traumatic submacular hemorrhage in a 13-year-old boy treated by vitrectomy, subretinal injection of tissue plasminogen activator and intravitreal air tamponade: a case report.

PubMed

Doi, Shinichiro; Kimura, Shuhei; Morizane, Yuki; Shiode, Yusuke; Hosokawa, Mio; Hirano, Masayuki; Hosogi, Mika; Fujiwara, Atsushi; Miyamoto, Kazuhisa; Shiraga, Fumio

2015-08-07

The natural course of submacular hemorrhage resulting from traumatic choroidal rupture generally has a poor outcome unless treated. The intravitreal injection of gas only or gas with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has been reported to be effective, but has also been reported to induce severe complications such as retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage. Recently, we reported a safe and effective procedure for treating submacular hemorrhage due to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) with a low dose of rt-PA. Here we report the application of this procedure to a case of traumatic submacular hemorrhage in a 13-year-old boy, which achieved a good visual outcome. A 13-year-old Japanese boy presented with a thick submacular hemorrhage in his left eye as a result of blunt trauma from being hit by a sinker. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was assessed as only able to perceive hand motions. We carried out a vitrectomy, subretinal injection of 4,000 IU rt-PA (6.9 μg) and air tamponade. The day after surgery, most of the submacular hemorrhage had moved to the inferior periphery. One month after the surgery, we observed cataract formation, thin remnants of the submacular hemorrhage and juxtafoveal choroidal rupture. We carried out cataract surgery and injected bevacizumab intravitreally to prevent the development of choroidal neovascularization. Two months after the second surgery, the submacular hemorrhage had totally disappeared and the patient had a BCVA of 20/40. Vitrectomy, subretinal injection of rt-PA, and intravitreal air tamponade may be a promising strategy for treating traumatic submacular hemorrhage in young patients.

Penoscrotal edema and purpura in a 12-year-old boy: a case report and review of causes.

PubMed

Dudley, Anne G; Fox, Janelle A; Reyes-Múgica, Miguel; Cannon, Glenn

2012-10-01

We report the case of a 12-year-old patient with previously diagnosed Crohn disease who presented with penile edema and purpura, with extension into the scrotum. Subsequent work-up including biopsy led to the diagnosis of extraintestinal Crohn disease, a rare manifestation in the genital region. Prompt treatment with steroids led to complete resolution of both penoscrotal edema and purpura. We describe our case, followed by a discussion of etiologies of penoscrotal edema and purpura as a review for the practicing pediatric urologist. Copyright © 2012 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Moved to Tears: Technical Considerations and Dilemmas Encountered in Working with a 13-Year-Old Boy with Acquired Quadriplegia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owens, Caroline

2005-01-01

This paper is about therapeutic work with David, a 13-year-old boy who, at the age of 5, was the victim of a hit-and-run road traffic accident resulting in quadriplegia. The circumstances leading to the accident and its sequelae reveal a particularly complex picture, which combines early emotional deprivation and trauma. Although cognitively…

A Boy with a Mild Case of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome with Above Average Intelligence.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lacassie, Yves; Bobadilla, Olga; Cambias, Ron D., Jr.

1997-01-01

Describes the characteristics of an 11-year-old boy who represents the only documented case of an individual with Cornelia de Lange syndrome who also has above average cognitive functioning. Major diagnostic criteria for de Lange syndrome and comparisons with other severe and mild cases are discussed. (Author/CR)

Longitudinal changes in bone-testis axis and their associations with insulin resistance in 11- to 12-year-old boys.

PubMed

Jürimäe, Jaak; Lätt, Evelin; Remmel, Liina; Purge, Priit; Tillmann, Vallo

2018-03-01

Associations between osteocalcin (OCN), an osteoblast-specific hormone, and different markers of energy metabolism and insulin resistance have been reported in adults, but few studies have investigated this in children. The aim of the current study was to investigate serum OCN levels during pubertal development in normal weight (NW) and overweight (OW) boys, and to evaluate possible associations of OCN with body composition, testosterone, insulin resistance and adipocytokine values during puberty. Ninety 11- to 12-year-old boys were investigated at 12-month intervals over the next 2years. Boys were divided by their BMI into NW (n=60) and OW (n=30) groups. Serum OCN, testosterone, leptin, adiponectin, insulin, HOMA-IR score, and body composition were measured. Pubertal development over the 2-year period was similar in both groups. Serum OCN was not different at the beginning of the study and increased similarly in both groups. However, at the end of the study, NW had higher OCN than OW (142.9±5.2 vs. 124.0±7.4ng/ml; p<0.05). OW had higher leptin, insulin and HOMA-IR compared to NW, and these differences remained significant through the 2-year period. Testosterone, insulin and HOMA-IR increased through the study period in both groups. In multiple regression analyses increment in OCN was associated with the increase in testosterone in NW (p<0.001) and OW (p=0.049) boys. Increment in OCN was also associated with the increase in insulin (p=0.019) and HOMA-IR (p=0.012) over the 2-year period in NW boys. Serum OCN concentration increases in puberty and the increment is positively associated with the rise in testosterone level in both NW and OW boys. The positive association between the rise in OCN and insulin in NW boys would suggest that OCN may have a role in the development of insulin resistance. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Underweight in 14 to 16 year-old girls and boys: prevalence and associations with physical activity and sedentary activities.

PubMed

Kantanista, Adam; Osiński, Wiesław

2014-01-01

Underweight is associated with increased mortality of adults when compared to normal weight or overweight individuals. Studies of associations between underweight and physical activity levels in adolescents are sparse. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of underweight amongst 14 to 16 year-old girls and boys in tandem with the levels of physical activity and time spent in sedentary activities. The results were compared to those observed in normal weight and overweight adolescents. This study included 1702 girls and 1547 boys aged from 14 to 16 years from twelve gymnasium schools in Poznan (Poland). Based on BMI values, the participants were assigned to the following categories: a) underweight, b) normal weight, and c) overweight. The levels of physical activity, participation rates in physical education classes and the time spent in sedentary activities were determined by means of questionnaire survey. The fraction of underweight girls amounted to 11.6% and was similar to the percentage of obese girls (14.6%). The fraction of underweight boys was 7.0%, and was markedly lower than the percentage of overweight boys (17.0%). Underweight and overweight boys were characterized by significantly lower levels of physical activity compared to normal weight participants (p ≤.001). Both in girls and in boys, the prevalence of underweight and overweight was not significantly associated with the time spent in various sedentary activities. Underweight occurs in relatively high fraction of girls and boys. Underweight is associated with lower levels of physical activity in boys. The prevalence of underweight among adolescents is not associated with time spent in sedentary activities.

"Media addiction" in a 10-year-old boy.

PubMed

Brown, Scott; Scharf, Michael A; Bustos, Cristina; Chavira, Denise; Stein, Martin T

2013-06-01

Bryan is a 10-year-old boy who is brought to his pediatrician by his parents with concerns about oppositional behaviors. Bryan's parents report that he has always been hyperactive and oppositional since a very young age. He has been previously diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and has been treated with appropriate stimulant medications for several years; however, despite this, his parents feel increasingly unable to manage his difficult behaviors. He refuses to do chores or follow through with household routines. He refuses to go to bed at night. His family feels unable to take him to public places because he "climbs all over everything." At school, he acts up in class, is often disruptive, and requires close supervision by teachers. He was recently kicked off of the school bus. He has very few friends, and his parents state that other children do not enjoy to be around him. Bryan's parents also report that he is "obsessed" with electronics. He spends most his free time watching TV and movies and playing computer games. He has a television in his bedroom because otherwise he "monopolizes" the family television. The family also owns several portable electronic devices that he frequently uses. Bryan insists on watching TV during meals and even that the TV stays on in an adjacent room while showering. He gets up early each morning and turns on the television. He refuses to leave the house unless he can take a portable screen device with him. His parents admit to difficulty placing limits on this behavior because they feel it is the only way to keep his other behaviors under control. His mother explains "it is our only pacifier" and that attempts to place restrictions are met with explosive tantrums and have thus been short lived. These efforts have also been impeded due to the habits of his parents and older sibling, who also enjoy spending a significant amount of time watching television.

"Media Addiction" in a 10-Year-Old Boy.

PubMed

Brown, Scott; Scharf, Michael A; Bustos, Cristina; Chavira, Denise; Stein, Martin T

Bryan is a 10-year-old boy who is brought to his pediatrician by his parents with concerns about oppositional behaviors. Bryan's parents report that he has always been hyperactive and oppositional since a very young age. He has been previously diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and has been treated with appropriate stimulant medications for several years; however, despite this, his parents feel increasingly unable to manage his difficult behaviors. He refuses to do chores or follow through with household routines. He refuses to go to bed at night. His family feels unable to take him to public places because he "climbs all over everything." At school, he acts up in class, is often disruptive, and requires close supervision by teachers. He was recently kicked off of the school bus. He has very few friends, and his parents state that other children do not enjoy to be around him.Bryan's parents also report that he is "obsessed" with electronics. He spends most his free time watching TV and movies and playing computer games. He has a television in his bedroom because otherwise he "monopolizes" the family television. The family also owns several portable electronic devices that he frequently uses. Bryan insists on watching TV during meals and even that the TV stays on in an adjacent room while showering. He gets up early each morning and turns on the television. He refuses to leave the house unless he can take a portable screen device with him. His parents admit to difficulty placing limits on this behavior because they feel it is the only way to keep his other behaviors under control. His mother explains "it is our only pacifier" and that attempts to place restrictions are met with explosive tantrums and have thus been short lived. These efforts have also been impeded due to the habits of his parents and older sibling, who also enjoy spending a significant amount of time watching television.

Depressive symptoms as a side effect of the sustained release form of methylphenidate in a 7-year-old boy with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

PubMed

Lakić, Aneta

2012-02-01

Hyperkinetic disorder or attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a clinical entity consisting of a cluster of symptoms including hyperactivity, attention disorder and impulse control disorder group. In the context of ADHD etiology we may say that genetic, clinical and imaging studies point out a disruption of the brain dopamine system, which is corroborated by the clinical effectiveness of stimulant drugs, which increase extracellular dopamine in the brain. Basically, it is a biological and not psychological disorder, which is important both for the comprehension and therapeutical approach to this problem. Today, the best recommended approach regarding children with ADHD is a combination of two therapeutic modalities: pharmacotherapy and behavioral treatment. The first-choice drugs for this disorder belong to the group of sympathomimetics--psychostimulants and atomoxetine (more recently). As the first-choice therapy, methylphenydate in sustained release form has numerous advantages. Like all drugs, methylphenidate has its unwanted side effects. Most common are: loss of appetite, weight loss, sleeping disorders, irritability, headache. These side effects are well-known and documented in the literature. By analysing the available literature we have found cases of psychiatric side effects such as: psychosis, mania, visual hallucinations, agitation, suicidal ideas. We have not found examples of ADHD in children who use increased dosage of sustained release of methylphenidate leading to depressive symptomatology. On the other side, methylphenidate may be prescribed for off-label use in treatment-resistant cases of depression. The case of a 7-year-old boy diagnosed with ADHD was on a minimal dose of sustained release form of methylphenidate. After initial titration of the drug, i.e. after raising the dose to the next level the boy developed clinical signs of depression. The treatment was ceased and depressive symptoms were withdrawed. Manifestation of

An 8-year-old boy with treatment-resistant encopresis.

PubMed

Stein, Martin T; Benninga, Marc A; Felt, Barbara T

2010-01-01

Paul is an 8-year-old boy with a long-standing history of encopresis and enuresis. Potty training was initiated when he was 2(1/2) years old. At this time, his mother was absent from the home for 6 weeks when she cared for her ill father in a different city. The process of teaching Paul to use the bathroom was described as "inconsistent" due to multiple caretakers.Paul never successfully mastered bowel and bladder control. He continues to wet and soil his clothes on a daily basis at home and school. According to his parents, he does not accept responsibility and comments about his soiling such as, "I didn't do it; someone else must have put it there." One of Paul's teachers commented that she could tell at the beginning of the school day whether he would maintain bowel and bladder control. If he was "agitated and talkative" in the early morning, he would often soil that day.He had a pediatric gastroenterological evaluation at the age of 5 years when he was having daily episodes of stool soiling. Physical examination revealed normal anal tone, normal placement of the anus, and moderate stool in the rectal vault. An abdominal radiograph revealed moderate stool throughout the colon. He was treated with Miralax and instructed to sit on the toilet twice daily. Paul did not respond to these interventions and was diagnosed with "overflow incontinence secondary to stool withholding." When he was taking Miralax, he had a normal barium enema radiograph. He was admitted to the hospital for a clean out with a polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution. Although abdominal radiographs demonstrated absence of colonic stool for the following 5 months, he continued to soil his clothing. Play therapy and biofeedback did not change the chronic soiling and wetting pattern. An evaluation at the Continence Clinic resulted in a rigorous program including stooling after each meal, wearing a vibrating watch reminding him to void every 2 hours, drinking 60 ounces of water per day, tracking

An 8-Year-Old Boy With Treatment-Resistant Encopresis.

PubMed

Stein, Martin T; Benninga, Marc A; Felt, Barbara T

Paul is an 8-year-old boy with a long-standing history of encopresis and enuresis. Potty training was initiated when he was 2 years old. At this time, his mother was absent from the home for 6 weeks when she cared for her ill father in a different city. The process of teaching Paul to use the bathroom was described as "inconsistent" due to multiple caretakers.Paul never successfully mastered bowel and bladder control. He continues to wet and soil his clothes on a daily basis at home and school. According to his parents, he does not accept responsibility and comments about his soiling such as, "I didn't do it; someone else must have put it there." One of Paul's teachers commented that she could tell at the beginning of the school day whether he would maintain bowel and bladder control. If he was "agitated and talkative" in the early morning, he would often soil that day.He had a pediatric gastroenterological evaluation at the age of 5 years when he was having daily episodes of stool soiling. Physical examination revealed normal anal tone, normal placement of the anus, and moderate stool in the rectal vault. An abdominal radiograph revealed moderate stool throughout the colon. He was treated with Miralax and instructed to sit on the toilet twice daily. Paul did not respond to these interventions and was diagnosed with "overflow incontinence secondary to stool withholding." When he was taking Miralax, he had a normal barium enema radiograph. He was admitted to the hospital for a cleanout with a polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution.Although abdominal radiographs demonstrated absence of colonic stool for the following 5 months, he continued to soil his clothing. Play therapy and biofeedback did not change the chronic soiling and wetting pattern. An evaluation at the Continence Clinic resulted in a rigorous program including stooling after each meal, wearing a vibrating watch reminding him to void every 2 hours, drinking 60 ounces of water per day, tracking

A disseminated alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in a 9-year-old boy disclosed by chromosomal translocation (2;13) (q35;q14)

PubMed

Brichard, B; Ninane, J; Gosseye, S; Verellen-Dumoulin, C; Vermylen, C; Rodhain, J; Cornu, G

1991-01-01

A 9-year-old boy presented with a small subcutaneous tumor of the trunk and diffuse bone marrow involvement. The first histological diagnosis given was undifferentiated malignancy possibly of neural crest origin and chemotherapy was started immediately using vincristine, cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and teniposide (OPEC). Complete response was achieved after four courses of chemotherapy. Histological slides were then reviewed and the final diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) was retained. Moreover, chromosome analysis of malignant cells in the bone marrow revealed a translocation involving chromosomes 2 and 13:t(2;13) (q35;q14). This specific karyotype finding has been recently reported in a few cases and could be specific for alveolar RMS. The patient had a relapse 7 months after diagnosis and died 4 months later.

Removal of a barbed fish hook from the cornea of an 8-year-old boy.

PubMed

Kemp, Pavlina S; Shah, Ankoor S; Elliott, Alexandra T; Wan, Michael J

2017-10-01

This video article shows the surgical removal of a three-pronged barbed fish hook from the cornea and anterior chamber of an 8-year-old boy. The advance-and-cut method is shown: the embedded barbed point of the fish hook was advanced through the cornea, its point was cut off, and the shank of the hook was withdrawn. This method was chosen due to the three-pronged configuration of the fish hook to minimize additional trauma to the eye. Other methods of fish hook removal are briefly reviewed. Copyright © 2017 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Misdiagnosis of spider bite in a 3-year-old child.

PubMed

Alizadeh, Anahita; Vahabzadeh, Maryam; Azarfar, Anoush; Ravanshad, Yalda

2018-01-01

Abdominal pain is a common complaint among children with a vast differential diagnosis. Hip pain is also a nonspecific sign. Here, we present a case of a 3-year-old boy with a complaint of abdominal pain and pain in both hips, much on the right one. After evaluations, the diagnosis was a spider bite.

Vismodegib Therapy for Basal Cell Carcinoma in an 8-Year-Old Chinese Boy with Xeroderma Pigmentosum.

PubMed

Fife, Douglas; Laitinen, Marko A; Myers, David J; Landsteiner, Pamela B

2017-03-01

Vismodegib is an oral inhibitor of the Hedgehog signaling pathway and has been used to treat basal cell carcinoma (BCC) in adults. This article reports clearance of a nodular BCC of the nasal tip in an 8-year-old boy with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). BCC can pose therapeutic challenges when located in areas that are not amenable to traditional therapies such as Mohs micrographic surgery or topical agents. Vismodegib was used at a dose of 150 mg/day to treat the boy's BCC. After 4 months of therapy, we achieved complete clinical clearance. During 21 months of follow-up, the patient's nose remained clinically clear of tumor. Vismodegib was successfully used to treat a child with XP and nodular BCC. Our goal in using vismodegib was tumor regression while avoiding cosmetic and functional disfigurement. Vismodegib was effective in clinically clearing the tumor, and the patient has shown no signs of recurrence. Further studies are warranted. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Renal cell carcinoma with Xp11.2 translocation in a 7-year-old boy.

PubMed

Jayasinghe, C; Siegler, N; Leuschner, I; Fleischhack, G; Born, M; Müller, A M

2010-05-01

More than 90% of pediatric renal tumors are nephroblastomas while renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are rare in children (< 5%). According to the clinical diagnoses of a nephroblastoma stage IV a 7-year-old boy with a kidney tumor and peripheral pulmonary lesion was preoperatively treated for 8 weeks with Vincristine, Actinomycin D and Adriamycin. The resected kidney displayed a RCC with Xp11.2 translocation. There was no tumor regression and the pulmonary lesion was no longer detectable. Hence chemotherapy was put to a halt. Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) would have allowed to adjust the tumor subtype. Prognosis of pediatric RCC with translocation seems more favourable than without translocation though definitive evidence will only be possible by documentation in a clinical diagnose-related register.

Force Eruption of Mandibular Second Incisor in an 11- Year Old Boy: A Technical Report

PubMed Central

Sobhnamayan, F; Moazami, F; Hamedi, S; Meshki, R

2013-01-01

There is a great challenge in the treatment of deeply fractured and un-restorable teeth among dentists. Orthodontic force eruption is a method of treatment for these teeth to preserve natural root system and periodontal structures. This technical report is a new modification of this procedure presented in an 11- year old boy with deeply fractured left second mandibular incisor. The fractured teeth were treated with root canal therapy and a file #80 was modified to become a hook cemented into the fractured tooth. Anterior teeth were splinted and used as anchorage to help the root extrusion. 1-year follow up of the tooth showed the convenience of the treatment. This simple and low-cost method can be an acceptable alternative to the current high cost techniques, achieving the same results. PMID:24724126

Synergistic defects of novo FAS and homozygous UNC13D leading to autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome-like disease: A 10-year-old Chinese boy case report.

PubMed

Gu, Hao; Ma, Jie; Chen, Zhenping; Wang, Jing; Zhang, Rui; Wu, Runhui

2018-06-01

Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) usually presents in childhood with fever, nonmalignant splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy along with hemocytopenia. This case report describes a 10-year-old boy presenting with signs of autoimmune disease, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and resistant hemocytopenia. Sirolimus controlled the relapsed thrombocytopenia after splenectomy. Sequencing of the FAS gene identified two spontaneous heterozygous mutations (c.234 T > G, p.D78E) (c.236dupA, p.P80Tfs*26). The boy's homozygous missense variation (c.2588G > A, p.G863D) (rs140184929) in UNC13D gene had been identified as being related to familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). TCRαβ + CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells (markers of ALPS) were not significantly increased from the outset. Elevated cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor α decreased to normal levels after splenectomy whereas IL-10 remained high. Immunological analysis of the patient revealed a marked depletion of forkhead-box P3 + expressing regulatory T cells (Treg) and Th17 cells. The obtained data demonstrate that mutations to FAS and UNC13D which result in overwhelming T-cell and macrophage activation, one associated with inhibited Treg cell development and a severe ALPS-like symptom. Therefore, we propose that variations of UND13D may be a risk factor of ALPS development. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.

A 4-year-old boy presenting with persistent urinary incontinence: Questions.

PubMed

Keenswijk, Werner; Walle, Johan Vande

2017-05-01

A 4-year-old boy was referred to the nephrologist with daytime urinary incontinence and suspicion of an overactive bladder. At the age of 17 months he had been referred to the pediatric endocrinologist because of polyuria and polydipsia in order to exclude diabetes insipidus. Repeated water deprivation tests and a magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain were normal. Diabetes insipidus was excluded, and primary polydipsia was thought to be most likely since diabetes mellitus also had been excluded. At the current presentation, he drank up to 3 L a day and quite often had wet diapers. He also seemed to pass stools infrequently and with difficulty. Curiously his grandmother had similar symptoms of polyuria and polydipsia since childhood and had been diagnosed with primary polydipsia. The physical examination of our pediatric patient was normal. In the differential diagnosis we included diabetes insipidus but also contemplated other possibilities, such as nephronophthisis, tubulopathies and hypercalciuria. Laboratory results including urinalysis and an ultrasound of the kidney did not show any abnormalities, making a tubulopathy or hypercalciuria unlikely. A desmopressin test by the intravenous route came back completely normal, pointing to another cause than diabetes insipidus. Genetic testing for the nephronophthisis came back negative but was positive for a missense mutation in the AVPR2 gene (p.Arg104Cys) associated with partial nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. He was started on daily desmopressin. Within 3 days the urinary incontinence resolved as did the polyuria and faecal incontinence. His grandmother was referred to the geneticist and eventually the adult nephrologist. This case highlights the importance of being thorough when confronted with a difficult diagnosis. It also emphasizes that a test result does not necessarily equate to the presence or absence of a condition since the test with 100 % sensitivity and specificity has yet to be discovered.

Acute aortic dissection occurring during the butterfly stroke in a 12-year-old boy.

PubMed

Uchida, Keiji; Imoto, Kiyotaka; Yanagi, Hiromasa; Date, Koichiro

2009-08-01

A 12-year-old boy had severe chest and back pain of sudden onset while practicing the butterfly stroke in a swimming class. Computed tomography revealed an intimal flap in the descending thoracic aorta with massive right hemothorax. A ruptured type B acute aortic dissection was diagnosed, and then he collapsed. We totally replaced the descending aorta with a woven polyester prosthetic graft during deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Hemostasis was achieved, but consciousness was not regained after operation, and multiple organ failure occurred. He died on the fifth postoperative day. He and his family had no history of cardiovascular disease. It seems that the swimming provoked a severe Valsalva maneuver, raising blood pressure acutely and thereby leading to dissection. This is then analogous to the propensity for dissection during intense isometic exercise such as weightlifting.

[Neonatal suppurative parotitis in a six-day-old, mature boy].

PubMed

Sass, Lærke Louise Reeberg; Nielsen, Allan Bybeck

2016-11-28

Neonatal suppurative parotitis is a rare condition with approximately 50 cases reported in the literature in English since 1970. It is characterized by parotid swelling along with other local inflammatory sign, and some neonates present with fever and irritability. Pus secretion from the ipsilateral parotid duct is pathognomonic. The most common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus, but other microorganisms are reported. We describe a case of a six-day-old, mature boy, previously healthy, who presented with fever, tender swelling of the right parotid and pus secretion from the parotid duct.

A 9 years boy with MEN-2B variant of medullary thyroid carcinoma.

PubMed

Sattar, M A; Hadi, H I; Ekramuddoula, F M; Hasanuzzaman, S M

2013-04-01

To highlight a rare disease like multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN)-2B variant of medullary thyroid carcinoma and to optimize the management option in such cases, we present a nine year old boy with thyroid swelling, cervical lymphadenopathy and thick lips. His calcitonin level was raised. Investigation's results of the boy were as following fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was medullary carcinoma of thyroid, preoperative calcitonin was >2000pg/ml, post operative histopathological report was medullary carcinoma. Total thyroidectomy with aggressive initial neck surgery may reduce the recurrence and increase better prognosis and survival rate. Calcitonin is used as diagnostic and follow-up marker.

Differences in the speech of 10- to 13-year-old boys from divorced and nondivorced families against the background of emotional attachment.

PubMed

Böhm, Birgit

2004-01-01

In Germany, an increasing number of children live with one parent alone and have to cope with the separation or divorce of their parents. Emotional drawbacks have frequently been hypothesized for these children. Thus, we studied if such experiences are reflected in speech behavior. Twenty-eight 10- to 13-year-old boys from separated parents (physical separation of the parents was 2 years before the investigation) were compared with 26 boys from parents living together in an interview focusing on attachment-related themes and everyday situations. The interviews were analyzed with regard to coherence of speech, coping with emotional problems, reflectivity, child representation of both parents, and verbal and nonverbal expression of feelings. Boys from separated parents had incoherent speech, difficulties in coping with emotional problems, a poorer reflectivity (thinking about their own mental states and those of others), they represented neither parent supportively and did not show their feelings openly. These results can be traced back to an insecure attachment representation of the boys with separated parents. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

Absence of inferior vena cava in 14-year old boy associated with deep venous thrombosis and positive Mycoplasma pneumoniae serum antibodies--a case report.

PubMed

Kalicki, Boleslaw; Sadecka, Monika; Wawrzyniak, Agata; Kozinski, Piotr; Dziekiewicz, Miroslaw; Jung, Anna

2015-04-14

Absence of the inferior vena cava is a rare vascular anomaly, which usually remains asymptomatic in childhood. It is recognized as the risk factor for deep venous thrombosis, since the collateral circulation does not provide adequate drainage of the lower limbs. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in school-aged children and adolescents. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection might be associated with deep venous thrombosis but its pathophysiology remains unknown. According to previous reports, deep venous thrombosis due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is associated with positive serum anticardiolipin antibodies. To our knowledge, we describe the first case of deep venous thrombosis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae serum antibodies indicating early stage of infection with negative anticardiolipin serum antibodies in adolescent with absence of inferior vena cava. 14-year old boy was admitted to the pediatric unit few days after the appendectomy complaining with pain of the left hip that caused him unable to walk. The pain was accompanied with subfebrile temperature. After clinical examination and additional tests, the boy was diagnosed with a deep venous thrombosis. Computed tomography revealed absence of the vena cava inferior distally to the hepatic veins and varices of the collateral circulation in the pelvis. Anticardiolipin IgM and IgG antibodies and antinuclear antibodies were not detected. Additionally, the Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies in classes IgM, IgA and IgG were detected in serum as another risk factor of thrombosis. After the initial treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin in combination with clarithromycin the clinical condition of the patient improved. The patient became a candidate for life-long anticoagulation therapy. In this case Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibodies were associated with deep venous thrombosis in child with congenital absence of inferior vena cava. Uncommonly for deep venous thrombosis due

Motor Competence in 11-Year-Old Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vedul-Kjelsås, Vigdis; Stensdotter, Ann-Katrin; Sigmundsson, Hermundur

2013-01-01

By using the Movement Assessment Battery (MABC), the present study investigated possible gender differences in several tasks of motor competence in children. The sample included 67 Norwegian sixth-grade children (Girls N?=?29; Boys?=?39). Boys' performance exceeds that of girls in ball skills and in one of the balance skills. No differences were…

Concepts of Romance in 15-Year-Old Adolescents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Feiring, Candice

1996-01-01

Examined 15-year olds' descriptions of dating partners and romance. Dating experiences were brief in duration, though intense in frequency of contact. Affiliative qualities more than attachment qualities characterized their conscious views of romance. Girls were more likely than boys to mention interpersonal qualities, while boys were more likely…

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasm in an 18-year-old boy with B-lymphoblastic leukemia.

PubMed

Qing, Xin; Panosyan, Eduard; Yue, Changjun; Ji, Ping; Gotesman, Moran; French, Samuel; Cai, Junchao

2017-12-01

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy. Acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome during the course of ALL is a rare entity. Some of these cases are therapy-related while the others occur due to lineage switch. The correct diagnosis relies on comparing the immunophenotypes and cytogenetic/molecular alterations of the myeloid neoplasm and the ALL. We present the clinical, pathologic and cytogenetic features of a case of an 18-year-old male with prior treatment for B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who developed therapy-related myeloid neoplasm (t-MN) 4-5years after his initial diagnosis of B-ALL. A 13-year-old boy with no significant past medical history presented to Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (HUMC) in November 2012 with night sweats, fevers and chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. Peripheral blood flow cytometric analysis disclosed B-ALL. The blasts expressed CD10, CD19, CD22 (dim), CD34, CD38, HLA-DR, and TdT, and were negative for CD20, CD13, CD33, CD117, and cytoplasmic MPO. Chromosomal analysis and a supplemental fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study performed on the bone marrow aspirate showed an abnormal karyotype (47,XY,+X,del(9)(p21p21)[4]/46,XY[16]). He achieved remission after induction chemotherapy and remained in remission until March 2016 when bilateral testicular masses were noted. Biopsy of the left testicular mass showed relapsed B-ALL. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contained rare TdT-positive blasts, suggestive of minimal/early involvement by B-ALL. However, there was no evidence of acute leukemia in his bone marrow at this time. He was then treated with COG protocol AALL1331 randomized to blinatumomab arm and achieved second remission. In June 2017, the patient's peripheral blood smear showed 11% circulating monoblasts. By flow cytometry, the blasts expressed CD4, CD11b, CD13, CD15, CD33, CD38, CD56, and CD64. In addition, a few TdT-positive blasts were seen in

Infantile fibrosarcoma of ethmoid sinus, misdiagnosed as an adenoid in a 5-year-old child

PubMed Central

Geramizadeh, Bita; Khademi, Bijan; Karimi, Mehran; Shekarkhar, Golsa

2015-01-01

Infantile fibrosarcoma of head and neck is rare and the presence of this tumor in ethmoid sinus is even more uncommon. To the best of our knowledge, <5 cases have been reported in the last 20 years in the English literature, so far, only one of which has been infantile type in a 15 months old girl. In this case report, we will explain our experience with a rare case of infantile fibrosarcoma originating from ethmoid sinus in a 5-year-old boy who presented with dyspnea and epistaxis. After biopsy, it was diagnosed as fibrosarcoma of sinus origin. PMID:26604519

46,XY/47,XYY/48,XYYY karyotype in a 3-year-old boy ascertained because of radioulnar synostosis

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

James, C.; Robson, L.; Jackson, J.

Chromosome analysis was performed on a 3-year-old boy because of bilateral radioulnar synostosis and demonstrated a mosaic karyotype 46,XY/47,XYY/48,XYYY. He had minor facial anomalies and mild intellectual delay. He appears to be the youngest patient reported with this rare chromosome complement. His father, mother, and brother had normal chromosomes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on the propositus and his father with the Y chromosome heterochromatic probe (pHY3.4) to add to the evaluation of mosaicism. 17 refs., 3 figs., 2 tabs.

A boy with oral hair: case report.

PubMed

Agha-Hosseini, Farzaneh; Etesam, Farideh; Rohani, Bita

2007-09-01

In personal communication we have never seen or heard of hair being detected in the oral cavity. Even Julia Pastrana, the famous "Bearded Lady" of the 1800's, had no record of oral hair, although her entire body was covered with hair. Extensive records of her oral condition, including plaster models of her teeth have been preserved in the Odontological Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons in London city. She suffered from excessive gingival hyperplasia, but apparently no hair existed within the mouth. Some rodents have oral hair as a normal occurrence, but the condition is apparently limited in the animal kingdom. A case of hair occurring naturally in the mouth has been reported only twice previously. A third case of this rare anomaly is reported here. In this case, multiple hairs were found at the gingival sulcus in the labial, buccal, lingual and palatal tooth surfaces in an 11-year-old boy.

Daily Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in 11-to 15-year-old Trained and Untrained Turkish Boys

PubMed Central

Güvenç, Alpay; Açikada, Caner; Aslan, Alper; Özer, Kamil

2011-01-01

The aims of this study were to assess levels and patterns of physical activity (PA) in relation to age and regular sport activity, and to examine its relationship to physical fitness in trained and untrained boys. One hundred forty-seven 11-to 15- year-old boys (73 trained and 74 untrained) participated in this study. Trained boys, comprised of 26 soccer, 25 handball and 22 volleyball players, had been training regularly for at least one year. The intensity, duration and frequency of PA were assessed from four complete days of heart rate monitoring with 15-seconds sampling intervals. Aerobic fitness was assessed by determining peakVO2 with a portable breath-by-breath gas analyzer (Cosmed K4b2) and the running speeds at fixed lactate concentrations during an incremental running test. Anaerobic fitness was evalu-ated with the Wingate Anaerobic Test. Skinfold thicknesses from eight sites and Tanner stages of pubic hair were also obtained. Based on 15-s heart rate data, instead of continuous activity, multiple short bouts of moderate and vigorous PA, lasting up to one minute, were characteristic of daily PA patterns of both trained and untrained boys. PA levels of trained boys were higher than untrained boys (p < 0.01) and the levels of PA decreased with age and maturation in both groups (p < 0.05). Daily PA variables were related to body fatness in both groups (p < 0.05), but the relationships were not consistent in the trained group. Daily PA variables were also related to aerobic fitness in the untrained group (p < 0.05) and these relationships were somewhat better with vigorous PA, whereas in the trained group, none of the PA variables were related to any of the aerobic fitness indices (p > 0.05). No relationship was observed between PA variables and anaerobic fitness in either group (p> 0.05). It seems that such relationships may somewhat depend on the fitness level of the subjects. Key points PA levels of trained boys were higher than untrained boys and the

Hepatoblastoma in an 11-year-old: Case report and a review of the literature.

PubMed

Pateva, Irina B; Egler, Rachel A; Stearns, Duncan S

2017-01-01

Hepatoblastoma is a rare malignancy. Approximately 100 cases are diagnosed yearly in the United States. The highest incidence occurs in infants and in children younger than 5 years. Cases involving patients older than 5 years are very rare. We describe the case of a patient who was diagnosed with hepatoblastoma at an atypical age of presentation for this type of malignancy. We also performed Ovid MEDLINE search for hepatoblastoma and epidemiology reports occurring in children between the ages of 5 and 18 years. In this article we review the epidemiology and summarize case reports published between 1997 and 2012 of patients with hepatoblastoma, who were older than 5 years. Our patient is an 11 year old boy with stage IV hepatoblastoma with lung and omental metastases at diagnosis. The patient received 7 cycles of chemotherapy following the treatment plan of COG protocol AHEP 0731, off study. He also had tumor resection and omentectomy and achieved complete remission. He later had disease recurrence and after undergoing treatment with different modalities, ultimately died of his disease. Review of SEER program data shows that the incidence of hepatoblastoma in children above the age of 5 years is too infrequent to be calculated. Literature review revealed 13 cases of patients diagnosed at age older than 5 years. Most cases were published due to unusual associations and/or complications. There are no obvious unifying characteristics for these cases, although there may be a slight male preponderance and many patients in this selected series presented with elevated Alpha-fetoprotein. The reported case is rare, given the very low incidence of hepatoblastoma outside of infancy. A systematic review of characteristics and outcomes for patients older than 5 years who are enrolled in cooperative group hepatoblastoma trials may reveal important information about the epidemiology and tumor biology in this rare patient population.

Chiari type 1 malformation associated with central sleep apnea after high dose growth hormone (GH) therapy in a 12-year-old boy: A case report

PubMed Central

Mori, Toshihiko; Nishino, Eri; Jitsukawa, Tomomi; Hoshino, Emiko; Hirakawa, Satoshi; Kuroiwa, Yuki; Fuse, Shigeto; Yoto, Yuko; Tsutsumi, Hiroyuki

2018-01-01

Abstract. We describe the case of a short-statured 12-yr-old boy who developed a Chiari type 1 malformation associated with central sleep apnea after administration of high-dose GH therapy, which he had been receiving since the age of 10 yr and 4 mo. He responded well to GH therapy, and his height increased by 18.8 cm in 2 yr. At 12 yr and 4 mo of age, his mother reported that he had developed sleep apnea during the previous year and it had worsened over a month prior to presentation at our hospital. Otolaryngological examination did not reveal tonsillar or adenoidal hypertrophy. Polysomnography demonstrated severe central sleep apnea with an apnea-hypopnea index of 46.5/h. Sagittal T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated herniation of the cerebellar tonsils 15 mm below the foramen magnum into the cervical spinal cord. Continuous positive airway pressure therapy initiated prior to performing neurosurgery was ineffective. Following uncomplicated foramen magnum decompression, his breathing pattern during sleep returned to normal. Sagittal MRI examination should be considered in patients who develop sleep apnea during/following administration of GH therapy. PMID:29403156

The Effects of "Handwriting without Tears®" on the Handwriting Skills of Appropriate Size, Form, and Tool for a Four Year-Old Boy with a Developmental Delay

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meyers, Colleen; McLaughlin, T. F.; Derby, Mark; Weber, Kimberly P.; Robison, Milena

2015-01-01

The ability to write one's own name legibly is a critical lifelong skill for academic success. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of the Handwriting Without Tears® program on teaching a four year-old how to write his first name using proper size, form, and tool. The participant was a four year-old boy in a self-contained…

A Case of Pemphigus Herpetiformis in a 12-Year-Old Male

PubMed Central

Hocar, O.; Ait Sab, I.; Akhdari, N.; Hakkou, M.; Amal, S.

2011-01-01

Pemphigus herpetiformis (PH) is one of the less common forms of pemphigus. PH in children is unreported. We describe a case of a child who developed PH. Observation. A 12-year-old boy was seen at our department with erosive plaques, vesicles, and crusted cutaneous lesions associated with severe itching persisting for six months. Histologic examination showed an intraepidermal bulla containing rare acantholytic epidermal cells with eosinophilic spongiosis. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrated intercellular Ig G and C3 deposit. The serum titer of antibodies against intercellular epidermal was 1/200 UI/l. Diagnosis of PH was made, and treatment with Dapsone 2 mg/kg per day resulted in total clinical remission. However, two months later, new vesicles reappeared and treatment was begun with prednisone at a dose of 2 mg/kg daily. There was a very good response. Discussion. Childhood pemphigus herpetiformis is a rare disease, often initially misdiagnosed. It must not be forgotten that the disease is a possible cause of erosive mucocutaneous disease in children. PMID:22389786

Five-year follow-up of a 13-year-old boy with a pituitary adenoma causing gigantism--effect of octreotide therapy.

PubMed

Schoof, Ellen; Dörr, Helmuth G; Kiess, Wieland; Lüdecke, Dieter K; Freitag, Eduard; Zindel, Volker; Rascher, Wolfgang; Dötsch, Jörg

2004-01-01

In children, there is little experience with octreotide therapy for pituitary tumors, especially growth hormone (GH) producing adenomas. We report on a 13-year-old boy with gigantism due to a GH-producing pituitary adenoma caused by a Gsalpha mutation on the basis of McCune-Albright syndrome. At the age of 6.5 years a GH- and prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma was diagnosed. The adenoma was surgically removed. Immediately thereafter, the small adenoma residuum was treated with octreotide (2 x 100 microg/day s.c.). During therapy with octreotide, the growth rate dropped to normal values; however, rose again after 2 years of treatment. The insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels remained above the 95th percentile, the GH level mostly >2 microg/l. After 5 years of octreotide therapy, GH (6.9 microg/l), IGF-I (620 microg/l), IGF-binding protein 3 (5.4 mg/l), and prolactin (17.0 ng/ml) levels were still elevated. The growth velocity was +2.4 SDS (standard deviation score), the pubertal status was mature, and the bone age was 14.3 years (prospective final height 208 cm). A magnetic resonance imaging scan showed an unchanged residual 4-mm rim of adenoma at the pituitary site. Side effects from octreotide therapy were not reported by the patient or his family. The therapy was changed to the long-acting release octreotide analog octreotide-LAR. After 1 year of treatment with octreotide-LAR, the GH level was 1.0 microg/l, and the prospective final height dropped by 10 cm. This case demonstrates that combined surgical and medical treatment can influence the prognosis of childhood gigantism; however, the prognosis of this rare condition remains uncertain. Copyright 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel

"Pussy Cat, Pussy Cat, Where Have You Been?" An Account of Intensive Psychotherapy with a Seven-Year-Old Boy in a Special School

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robertson, Kate

2008-01-01

This paper gives an account of the developments in the intensive psychotherapy of a seven-year-old boy with global development delay. It also describes the adaptations to technique and the changes in the setting that were required to support the work, which was undertaken in a special school. The importance of the regularity of sessions in helping…

A 5-year-old boy with cryptorchidism and pubic hair: investigation and management of apparent male disorders of sex development in mid-childhood.

PubMed

Keir, L S; O'Toole, S; Robertson, A L; Wallace, A M; Ahmed, S F

2009-01-01

Late presentation of congenital adrenal hyperplasia as a 46,XX disorder of sex development due to 11-beta hydroxylase deficiency is uncommon. Such a case raises issues regarding appropriate investigation and management. A 5-year-old boy who had recently moved to the United Kingdom presented at the endocrinology clinic with recurrent abdominal pain. He was normotensive and had a history of ambiguous genitalia since birth, a relatively small penis, bilateral cryptorchidism and pubic hair. A systematic workup revealed low anti-Mullerian hormone levels for age and sex and elevated serum testosterone, androstenedione and deoxycortisol levels. A urinary steroid profile confirmed a diagnosis of 11-beta hydroxylase deficiency. The child's karyotype was 46,XX. Further genetic analysis revealed a compound heterozygote mutation in the CYP11B1 gene. Ultrasound scan showed evidence of Mullerian structures and accumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina (haematocolpos). Following discussion at a multidisciplinary clinic, the patient did not undergo sex reassignment and subsequently proceeded to surgery for removal of the Mullerian structures. This case emphasizes the importance of a systematic approach to investigation of older children presenting with apparent male undermasculinisation. It also raises important issues about gender reassignment in mid-childhood and the indications for removal of Mullerian organs in a 46,XX boy. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Vertebral Osteomyelitis and Acinetobacter Spp. Paravertebral Soft Tissue Infection in a 4-Year-Old Boy With X-Linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease.

PubMed

Vignesh, Pandiarajan; Bhattad, Sagar; Shandilya, Jitendra-Kumar; Vyas, Sameer; Garg, Rashi; Rawat, Amit

2016-09-01

Vertebral osteomyelitis is known to occur in chronic granulomatous disease, a phagocytic disorder and the etiology is usually a fungus. Indolent spread of fungal infection from lungs to adjacent ribs and vertebra often results in persistent pneumonia and vertebral deformities. We report a 4-year-old boy with chronic cough and kyphosis, who had a fungal vertebral osteomyelitis and Acinetobacter spp. paravertebral soft tissue infection related to X-linked chronic granulomatous disease.

Mesenteric Primitive Myxoid Mesenchymal Tumor in a 7-Month-Old Boy.

PubMed

Chacon, Daniella; Correa, Catalina; Luengas, Juan P

2018-05-01

Mesenteric tumors are rare, especially in the pediatric population. We present a case of a 7-month-old boy with an incidental abdominal mass identified as a Primitive Myxoid Mesenchymal Tumor of Infancy derived from the small bowel mesentery. This neoplasm is part of a spectrum of myofibroblastic lesions, with distinct clinical, morphologic, IHQ reactivity, and an aggressive clinical course. There is a paucity of evidence for the management of these tumors, and surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment.

Recommendations and administration of the HPV vaccine to 11- to 12-year-old girls and boys: a statewide survey of Georgia vaccines for children provider practices.

PubMed

Luque, John S; Tarasenko, Yelena N; Dixon, Betty T; Vogel, Robert L; Tedders, Stuart H

2014-10-01

This study explores the prevalence and provider- and practice-related correlates of physician recommendation and administration of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, Gardasil, to 11- to 12-year-old girls and the intention to recommend the HPV vaccine to 11- to 12-year-old boys in Georgia. The study also describes physician knowledge about and barriers to HPV vaccination. This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2010 to February 2011. The study sample was drawn using the Georgia Vaccines for Children (VFC) provider list as a sampling frame and probability 1-stage cluster sampling with counties as clusters. The final analytic sample was restricted to 206 provider locations. Weighted percentages and corresponding statistics were calculated accounting for selection probabilities, nonresponse, and the cluster sample design. Among Georgia VFC providers attending to 11- to 12-year-old girls, 46% had always recommended that their patients get the HPV vaccination and 41% had vaccinated their female patients. Among Georgia VFC providers attending to 11- to 12-year-old boys, 20% would always recommend that their male patients get vaccinated.Physicians most frequently endorsed costs of stocking the vaccine (73%), upfront costs (69%), vaccination (68%), and insurance reimbursements (63%) as barriers to their HPV vaccination practices. Despite the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' recommendations on HPV vaccination, the prevalence of recommending and administering the HPV vaccine to female and male patients, aged 11 to 12 years, by VFC providers is an ongoing challenge in Georgia.

Planar xanthomas secondary to post-transplantation cholangiopathy in a 16-month-old boy.

PubMed

Patel, Nirali; Norberg, Adam; Hogeling, Marcia

2018-05-01

Planar xanthomas in children represent rare dermatologic findings associated with abnormalities in lipid metabolism. While planar xanthomas in Alagille's syndrome have been well described in the literature, there have been no cases reported of eruptive xanthomas in pediatric liver transplant patients. Herein we report a case of a 16-month-old boy status post-liver transplantation who presents with planar xanthomas secondary to cholangiopathy. A brief review of xanthomas and the related literature is also provided. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Circummandibular Wiring of Symphysis Fracture in a Five-Year-Old Child

PubMed Central

Priya Vellore, Krishna; Gadipelly, Srinivas; Dutta, Brahmananda; Reddy, Vijay Bhaskar; Ram, Sri; Parsa, Arun

2013-01-01

The treatment of pediatric maxillofacial fractures is unique due to the psychological, physiological, developmental, and anatomical characteristics of children. Method. This case report describes the management of symphysis fracture of mandible in a 5-year-old boy. The fracture was treated by acrylic splint with circummandibular wiring. Results. The splint was removed after 3 weeks. The patient had no complaints, and radiograph revealed a healed fracture. Conclusion. The clinical outcome in the present case indicates the management of mandibular fractures in pediatric patients using acrylic splint with circummandibular wiring. PMID:23864964

Stereotype or grammar? The representation of gender when two-year-old and three-year-old French-speaking toddlers listen to role nouns.

PubMed

Lévy, Arik; Gygax, Pascal; Gabriel, Ute; Zesiger, Pascal

2016-11-01

Using a preferential looking paradigm, the current study examined the role that grammatical gender plays when preschool French-speaking toddlers process role nouns in the masculine form (e.g., chanteurs masculine 'singers'). While being auditorily prompted with "Look at the 'a role noun'!", two- and three-year-olds were presented with two pictures of two characters ('boy-boy' versus 'girl-boy') with attributes of the given role noun (e.g., singers with microphone and music notes). All role nouns were presented in the masculine plural form, which, despite its use to refer to mixed-gender groups, can be interpreted as referring to men. We expected toddlers to be biased by stereotypes, yet when non-stereotypical role nouns were presented, toddlers were not influenced by grammatical gender, but by their own sex (even more so for three-year-old toddlers). The absence of sensitivity to grammatical cues for either age group is discussed in terms of the developmental awareness of grammatical gender.

[Bilateral facial nerve palsy associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection in a 3-year-old boy].

PubMed

Grassin, M; Rolland, A; Leboucq, N; Roubertie, A; Rivier, F; Meyer, P

2017-06-01

Bilateral facial nerve palsy is a rare and sometimes difficult diagnosis. We describe a case of bilateral simultaneous facial nerve palsy associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in a 3-year-old boy. Several symptoms led to the diagnosis of EBV infection: the clinical situation (fever, stomachache, and throat infection), white blood cell count (5300/mm 3 with 70% lymphocyte count), seroconversion with EBV-specific antibodies, lymphocytic meningitis, and a positive blood EBV polymerase chain reaction (9.3×10 3 copies of EBV-DNA). An MRI brain scan showed bilateral gadolinium enhancement of the facial nerve. A treatment plan with IV antibiotics (ceftriaxone) and corticosteroids was implemented. Antibiotics were stopped after the diagnosis of Lyme disease was ruled out. The patient's facial weakness improved within a few weeks. Bilateral facial nerve palsy is rare and, unlike unilateral facial palsy, it is idiopathic in only 20% of cases. Therefore, it requires further investigation and examination to search for the underlying etiology. Lyme disease is the first infectious disease that should be considered in children, especially in endemic areas. An antibiotic treatment effective against Borrelia burgdorferi should be set up until the diagnosis is negated or confirmed. Further examination should include a blood test (such as immunologic testing, and serologic testing for viruses and bacterium with neurological tropism), a cerebrospinal fluid test, and an MRI brain scan to exclude any serious or curable underlying etiology. Facial bilateral nerve palsy associated with EBV is rarely described in children. Neurological complications have been reported in 7% of all EBV infections. The facial nerve is the most frequently affected of all cranial nerves. Facial palsy described in EBV infections is bilateral in 35% of all cases. The physiopathology is currently unknown. Prognosis is good most of the time. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Becoming Warriors: Dramatic Inquiry with 11- to 12-Year-Olds in an EBD Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Edmiston, Brian; Sobjack, Laura

2017-01-01

Using a dialogue format, a college professor and a teacher of 11- to 12-year-old children with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) report on a case study of four children (three boys and a girl) when over a three-week period dramatic inquiry pedagogy (focused on the meaning for students of fictional violent events depicted in extracts…

Cephalometric norms for the upper airway of 12-year-old Chinese children.

PubMed

Gu, Min; McGrath, Colman P J; Wong, Ricky W K; Hägg, Urban; Yang, Yanqi

2014-09-13

To establish cephalometric norms for the upper airway of 12-year-old Chinese children, and to assess these norms with regard to gender, age, ethnicity and other craniofacial structures. Lateral cephalograms were obtained from a random sample of 425 12-year-old Chinese children (224 boys and 201 girls) to establish the Chinese norms, and from a matched group of 108 12-year-old Caucasian children (61 boys and 47 girls) as an ethnic comparison. Published data on the upper airway norms of Chinese adults were used to make age comparisons. Nine upper airway and 14 craniofacial variables were measured. Chinese boys tended to have a thicker soft palate (P = 0.008), and less depth in the retropalatal (P = 0.011), retroglossal (P = 0.034) and hypopharyngeal (P < 0.001) pharynx than Chinese girls, whereas no gender dimorphism was found in Caucasian children. Ethnic differences were found in the depth of the retroglossal oropharynx in both genders and the position of the hyoid bone in boys. Compared with Chinese adults, the overall size of the upper airway in Chinese children was smaller. The mandibular body length and the craniocervical inclination were found to be statistically significantly, albeit weakly correlated with upper airway variables. Cephalometric norms for the upper airway of Chinese 12-year-old children were established, indicating gender-specific differences, and some ethnic differences were found in comparison with those of 12-year-old Caucasian children. An association between the mandibular body length and the craniocervical inclination with upper airway variables was also noticeable.

Bone Mineral Density in Boys Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case-Control Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barnhill, Kelly; Ramirez, Lucas; Gutierrez, Alan; Richardson, Wendy; Marti, C. Nathan; Potts, Amy; Shearer, Rebeca; Schutte, Claire; Hewitson, Laura

2017-01-01

This study compared bone mineral density (BMD) of the spine obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), nutritional status, biochemical markers, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in 4-8 year old boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with a group of age-matched, healthy boys without ASD. Boys with ASD had significantly lower spine BMD…

Prevalence of acquired undescended testis in 6‐year, 9‐year and 13‐year‐old Dutch schoolboys

PubMed Central

Hack, W W M; Sijstermans, K; van Dijk, J; van der Voort‐Doedens, L M; de Kok, M E; Hobbelt‐Stoker, M J

2007-01-01

Objective To investigate the prevalence of acquired undescended testis (UDT) in Dutch schoolboys. Design and participants As a part of routine school medical examinations, during a 2‐year period (2001–3), testis position was determined in 6‐year, 9‐year and 13‐year‐old schoolboys. Before the examination, a parent questionnaire was sent inquiring both about the position of the testes and whether the child had been admitted earlier to hospital for orchidopexy. In 6‐year and 13‐year olds, a physical examination was performed by the school medical officer; in 9‐year olds, a school nurse interview was held. Each boy for whom there was any doubt of the scrotal position was referred to the hospital for examination of both testes. Setting Institution for Youth Health Care “Noordkennemerland” and Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands. Results Testis position was determined in 2042 boys aged 6, 1038 aged 9 and 353 aged 13. Of these, 47, 53 and 8 boys, respectively, were referred to the hospital and seen for further evaluation. The diagnosis of acquired UDT was made in 25 boys aged 6, 23 aged 9 and four aged 13. In 33 boys, a congenital UDT was diagnosed; 32 (97%) had already been diagnosed and treated at an early age. Conclusions The prevalence of acquired UDT for 6‐year, 9‐year and 13‐year olds was, respectively, 1.2% (25/2042), 2.2% (23/1038) and 1.1% (4/353). In addition, congenital UDT is treated during the early years of life and, in contrast with popular belief, screening programmes for detecting UDT in the early years are successful. PMID:16905567

Comparison of short-term energy intake and appetite responses to active and seated video gaming, in 8-11-year-old boys.

PubMed

Allsop, Susan; Green, Benjamin P; Dodd-Reynolds, Caroline J; Barry, Gillian; Rumbold, Penny L S

2016-03-28

The acute effects of active and seated video gaming on energy intake (EI), blood glucose, plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-17-36) and subjective appetite (hunger, prospective food consumption and fullness) were examined in 8-11-year-old boys. In a randomised, crossover manner, twenty-two boys completed one 90-min active and one 90-min seated video gaming trial during which food and drinks were provided ad libitum. EI, plasma GLP-17-36, blood glucose and subjective appetite were measured during and following both trials. Time-averaged AUC blood glucose was increased (P=0·037); however, EI was lower during active video gaming (1·63 (sem 0·26) MJ) compared with seated video gaming (2·65 (sem 0·32) MJ) (P=0·000). In a post-gaming test meal 1 h later, there were no significant differences in EI between the active and seated gaming trials. Although estimated energy expenditure was significantly higher during active video gaming, there was still no compensation for the lower EI. At cessation of the trials, relative EI (REI) was significantly lower following active video gaming (2·06 (sem 0·30) MJ) v. seated video gaming (3·34 (sem 0·35) MJ) (P=0·000). No significant differences were detected in time-averaged AUC GLP-17-36 or subjective appetite. At cessation of the active video gaming trial, EI and REI were significantly less than for seated video gaming. In spite of this, the REI established for active video gaming was a considerable amount when considering the total daily estimated average requirement for 8-11-year-old boys in the UK (7·70 MJ).

Rectal bleeding in a 4-month-old boy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Dutro, J.A.; Santanello, S.A.; Unger, F.

1986-10-24

A case of bleeding Meckel's diverticulum is described in an infant. A 4-month-old boy was seen initially with a 24-hour history of painless hematochezia. His parents had noted two episodes of maroon-colored stool that did not appear to be associated with any abdominal distress. His medical history was unremarkable, with normal growth and development. Physical examination revealed a well-nourished, well-hydrated infant in no apparent distress. Vital signs were normal. Rectal examination revealed no masses, but bright-red blood was noted on the examining finger. Findings from the remainder of the examination were normal. An upright roentgenogram of the abdomen was obtainedmore » and demonstrated no abnormalities. The abdominal technetium scan was abnormal. An exploratory laparotomy was performed later on the day of admission.« less

Creative Thinking in Five- and Six-Year-Old Kindergarten Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gonen, Mubeccel

1993-01-01

Sixty kindergarten children were studied to determine the effect of age and sex on creativity. No significant difference was found between the girls' and boys' creativity scores, but, as expected, the 6-year olds scored higher than the 5-year olds. Recommends providing opportunities for creative activity for children at home and school. (TJQ)

Biotinidase deficiency presenting as recurrent myelopathy in a 7-year-old boy and a review of the literature.

PubMed

Raha, Sarbani; Udani, Vrajesh

2011-10-01

Biotinidase deficiency may produce variable neurologic manifestations. Brainstem and spinal cord disease comprises an uncommon presentation of biotinidase deficiency. We describe a 7-year old boy with subacute progressive quadriplegia and "sighing" respirations. Severe biotinidase deficiency was established, and the patient demonstrated complete recovery with biotin supplementation. Genetic studies revealed presence of homozygous mutation in the BTD gene [c.133C>T (p.H447Y)]. Biotinidase deficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis for subacute, long segment myelopathy, particularly with brainstem involvement. This entity is treatable; a high index of suspicion can be life-saving. We also review the literature on biotinidase deficiency presenting as spinal cord demyelinating disease. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Traumatic rupture of liver hydatid cysts into the peritoneal cavity of an 11-year-old boy: a case report from Iran.

PubMed

Sabzevari, Sadaf; Badirzadeh, Alireza; Shahkaram, Reza; Seyyedin, Mohammad

2017-01-01

This is the first published case report of an 11-year-old patient with a rupture of a liver hydatid cyst (HC) into the peritoneal cavity after an abdominal trauma in Iran. The disease was diagnosed using focused abdominal sonography for trauma. To date, no cases of traumatic ruptures of liver HCs in children have been reported in Iran. In the endemic regions of the world, where patients suffer from a history of trauma and constant abdominal symptoms or anaphylactic shock, early diagnosis of HC is crucial as it may disseminate to other organs. The condition needs conservative surgery and follow-up.

A 3-year-old boy with Guillain-Barré syndrome and encephalitis associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

PubMed

Hanzawa, Fumie; Fuchigami, Tatsuo; Ishii, Wakako; Nakajima, Sonoko; Kawamura, Yuki; Endo, Ayumi; Arakawa, Chikako; Kohira, Ryutaro; Fujita, Yukihiko; Takahashi, Shori

2014-02-01

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of respiratory tract illness in children. Among the most common extrapulmonary manifestations are disorders of the central nervous system, including meningitis, meningoencephalitis, cerebellitis, polyneuropathy, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Guillain-Barré syndrome, also known as acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, is an acute-onset, immune-mediated disorder of the peripheral nervous system. The central nervous system is usually intact in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. However, there have been some reports of an association of Guillain-Barré syndrome with central nervous system involvement in children. We report a 3-year-old boy with M. pneumoniae infection associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome and encephalitis. Both serum anti-GM1 ganglioside (IgG and IgM) and anti-galactocerebroside IgG antibodies were detected in our patient: the former in the earlier stage of the disease, and the latter in the later stage. We speculate that anti-GM1 ganglioside was associated more with encephalitis, and anti-galactocerebroside antibody was associated more with GBS in our case. Our patient is the youngest report of Guillain-Barré syndrome with central nervous system involvement, and the first report of a pediatric patient with associated M. pneumoniae infection. Such cases are rarely reported, but highlight the need for awareness of the association of the infection with Guillain-Barré syndrome with central nervous system involvement. Copyright © 2013 Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and The Japanese Association for Infectious Disease. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The Prevalence of Idiopathic Scoliosis in Eleven Year-Old Korean Adolescents: A 3 Year Epidemiological Study

PubMed Central

Lee, Jin-Young; Moon, Seong-Hwan; Kim, Han Jo; Suh, Bo-Kyung; Nam, Ji Hoon; Jung, Jae Kyun; Lee, Hwan-Mo

2014-01-01

Purpose School screening allows for early detection and early treatment of scoliosis, with the purpose of reducing the number of patients requiring surgical treatment. Children between 10 and 14 years old are considered as good candidates for school screening tests of scoliosis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the epidemiological findings of idiopathic scoliosis in 11-year-old Korean adolescents. Materials and Methods A total of 37856 11-year-old adolescents were screened for scoliosis. There were 17110 girls and 20746 boys. Adolescents who were abnormal by Moiré topography were subsequently assessed by standardized clinical and radiological examinations. A scoliotic curve was defined as 10° or more. Results The prevalence of scoliosis was 0.19% and most of the curves were small (10° to 19°). The ratio of boys to girls was 1:5.5 overall. Sixty adolescents (84.5%) exhibited single curvature. Thoracolumbar curves were the most common type of curve identified, followed by thoracic and lumbar curves. Conclusion The prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis among 11-year-old Korean adolescents was 0.19%. PMID:24719147

Physical and physiological performances in 10-year-old obese boys.

PubMed

Osváth, P; Mészáros, Zs; Tóth, Sz; Kiss, K; Mavroudes, M; Ng, N; Mészáros, J

2009-12-01

Fatness generally has a negative influence on the performance of a variety of motor and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. The aim of this comparison was to analyse the effects of three grades of obesity on somatic growth, physical performance and oxygen consumption during exercise. Volunteer boys with definitely different grades of obesity were recruited for the comparison. In the group of mildly obese children (G1; n=23) BMI ranged between 24 kg.m -2 and 26 kg.m -2 ; and individual percent body fat was between 33% and 33.5%. In the case of moderate obesity (G2; n=23) BMI ranged between 26.5 kg.m -2 and 28.5 kg.m -2 ; and percent body fat was between 35% and 36%. In the extremely obese group (G3; n=20) BMI was greater than 31 kg.m -2 ; percent body fat was greater than 37.5%. Oxygen consumption during the 1,200 m run-test was measured by VIMEX-ST-type (USA) telemetric equipment.The greatest absolute aerobic power referred to the G3 boys, and the lowest oxygen consumption was characteristic of the mildly obese group. The very high differences between the body mass means resulted in a more marked inter-group variability in mean relative oxygen uptake.The predicted relative fat and high body fat content observed on the trunk, and the elevated level of resting blood pressure may indicate serious risks for the development of cardio-respiratory and metabolic disease. The very low oxygen consumption relative to body mass and poor physical performance are expected consequences of physiologic and environmental influences on the obese population.

[Influence of sports on development of 10 and 11-year-old boys. I. Body composition, anthropometry and creatinine excretion].

PubMed

Haschke, F; Popow, C; Schuster, E; Haber, P; Salzer, H P

1984-01-01

We compared body composition (measured by total-body water determination), skinfolds, body circumferences and diameters and the muscle arm area of 10 to 11-year-old boys (n = 21) at the beginning and the end of a 9-months training period (track-and field athletics) with data obtained in 12 control subjects of corresponding ages. Urinary creatinine excretion was measured as a parameter of muscle mass at the end of the training period. Boys engaged in training gained (mean: + 2,6 kg) significantly less (p less than 0,05) weight than controls (mean: + 3,9 kg). Fat-free mass (FFM) as percentage of weight significantly increased in boys engaged in training (mean: + 1,8%; p less than 0,005) at the expense of fat whereas in controls (mean: + 0,6%; p: n.s.) there was no significant change. Decreasing skinfold thickness in boys engaged in training indicated reduction of subcutaneous fat. In controls, subcutaneous fat increased at the trunk and decreased at the periphery. Regression analysis indicated that changes of triceps skinfold thickness did not reflect changes in body fat content (r = 0.30; p: n.s.). A significant relation was established between changes of the subcapular skinfold thickness (r = 0,46; p less than 0,005) and of the sum of 5 skinfolds on the one hand (r = 0,51; p less than 0,005) and the changes of body fat content on the other hand. High standard deviations from the regression lines, however, indicated that accurate prediction of changes in body fat content was not possible in an individual subject.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dental erosion among 12 year-old Libyan schoolchildren.

PubMed

Huew, R; Waterhouse, P J; Moynihan, P J; Maguire, A

2012-12-01

As there are limited data on dental erosion in Libya, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of dental erosion in a sample of 12 year-old children in Benghazi, Libya. Cross-sectional observational study. Elementary schools in Benghazi, Libya. A random sample of 791 12 year-old children (397 boys and 394 girls) attending 36 schools. Clinical dental examination for erosion using UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2000) criteria and self-completion questionnaire. The area and depth of dental erosion affecting the labial and palatal surfaces of the upper permanent incisors and occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars. Dental erosion was observed in 40.8% of subjects; into enamel affecting 32.5%, into dentine affecting 8.0% and into pulp affecting 0.3% of subjects. Based on area affected, 323 subjects (40.8%) exhibited dental erosion (code > 0), with 32.6% of these subjects having erosion affecting more than two thirds of one or more surfaces examined. Mean total scores for dental erosion for all surfaces per mouth by area and by depth were both 2.69 (sd 3.81). Of the 9492 tooth surfaces examined, 2128 surfaces (22.4%) had dental erosion. Girls had more experience of erosion than boys at all levels of severity (p = 0.001). In a cohort of 12 year-old Libyan schoolchildren, more than one third of children examined showed dental erosion, requiring clinical preventive counselling. Significantly more erosion occurred in girls than boys.

Mechanical Complication with Broviac Repair Kit in a 4-Year-Old Boy with MEN 2a.

PubMed

Sesia, Sergio B; Haecker, Frank-Martin; Mayr, Johannes

2009-01-01

Background. Mechanical complications in the use of indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs) such as the Broviac catheter (BC) include kinking, occlusion, dislocation or leaking. We report on a mechanical complication after using a repair kit for the BC. Method. A 4-year old boy, suffering from multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a (MEN 2a), intestinal aganglionosis (Hirschsprung's disease), and short bowel syndrome, required a BC for home parenteral nutrition. Result. Due to recurrent leakage of the BC, 5 subsequent repairs were necessary within seven months. During one repair a metallic tube belonging to the repair kit was found to have migrated proximally to the skin entrance level within the BC and requiring surgical removal. Conclusion. To our knowledge, this is the first report focusing on such a serious complication using a BC and its repair kit. The proximal migration of this metallic tube constitutes a distinct theoretical risk of endothoracic foreign body embolization.

Pulmonary manifestation of immunoglobulin G4-related disease in a 7-year-old immunodeficient boy with Epstein-Barr virus infection: a case report.

PubMed

Szczawinska-Poplonyk, Aleksandra; Wojsyk-Banaszak, Irena; Jonczyk-Potoczna, Katarzyna; Breborowicz, Anna

2016-06-08

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multiorgan fibroinflammatory condition with lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates containing abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells. The immunopathogenesis of the disease and the potential role of triggering autoantigens or infectious factors have not been clearly defined. Immunoglobulin G4-related lung disease is a new and emerging condition in pediatric patients and to date, there have been only two reports regarding pulmonary manifestation of IgG4-RD in children recently published. This is the first report of IgG4-related lung disease in an immunodeficient child with Epstein-Barr virus infection. We report on the case of a 7-year old atopic boy who was hospitalized with an initial clinical and radiological diagnosis of pneumonia, positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA in the blood and defective adaptive immunity. The lung CT showed a consolidated mass lesion adjacent to the posterior wall of the chest and the diaphragm. The child underwent surgical resection of the tumor, and the histologic examination of the lung specimens revealed lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates with fibrosis and vasculitis correlating with IgG4-related lung disease. Subsequent monitoring of the patient with lung CT, pulmonary function tests and IgG4 levels did not show signs of active disease. The diagnosis of IgG4-related lung disease in children is challenging because of its rarity, nonspecific symptomatology and heterogeneous morphological manifestations. Further studies are required in children with pulmonary presentation of IgG4-RD to better understand pathogenesis of this condition, possible immunological or infectious triggering factors, and finally, to determine pediatric patient-targeted therapeutic interventions.

Rumination in a 7-year-old child.

PubMed

Griffin, J B

1977-02-01

Regurgitation of food by rumination has rarely been reported in latency-age children. A 7-year-old boy had symptoms of rumination, gagging, bruxism, and enuresis. During the oppositional stage of development many unresolved conflicts had developed between the patient and his parents. Short-term psychotherapy which focused on resolution of the power struggles produced rapid remission of the symptoms. A two-year follow-up showed no recurrence of difficulty.

[Double-sided juvenile osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral femoral condyle in a 15-year-old boy].

PubMed

Nordkamp, R A G; van Rensen, I H T; Sala, H A G M; van Mourik, J B A

2007-07-21

A 15-year-old boy of Turkish origin presented with a painful swollen left knee. An X-ray revealed osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral femoral condyle. Arthrotomy was performed and the fragment was fixated with tissue glue and 2 absorbable pins. Eight months later, a large recurrent osteochondral fragment of the lateral femoral condyle was seen on X-ray. The patient was re-operated, during which operation the fragment was found and fixated with three compression screws. One year after the first operation the patient developed similar complaints in the contralateral knee; this knee also contained osteochondral fragments necessitating surgery. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee is a multifactorial disease in which part of the cartilage of the femoral condyle becomes unattached from the subchondral stratum, usually on the lateral side of the medial femoral condyle. Initially, an inflammatory reaction was thought to be the cause of osteochondritis dissecans. Because of the lack of white blood cells, a previous trauma is a better explanation for the ultimate loosening of the cartilage. The treatments that are described for osteochondritis dissecans are conservative treatment, operative fixation, with or without subsequent chondrocyte transplantation or osteochondral autograft transplantation, and finally microfracturing.

A free vascularized tibia-fibular composite graft for the traumatic femoral bony defect of a 6-year-old boy with 10-year follow up: a case report

PubMed Central

2013-01-01

Introduction Free vascularized fibular grafts have been widely used for the reconstruction of long bone defects. However, the use of a vascularized tibial graft is precluded by its weight-bearing function and unacceptable donor site morbidity. Case presentation We present a rare case of using a vascularized tibia-fibular composite graft taken from a 6-year-old Chinese boy’s ipsilateral lower leg to reconstruct a large bony defect of his traumatic femur. Hypertrophy of the tibial graft, good remodeling of the femoral shaft, and atrophy of the unloaded fibular graft were noted at the 10-year follow up. He was able to participate in outdoor activities such as basketball while wearing his prosthesis. Conclusions The 10-year follow up demonstrates the feasibility of this salvage procedure for a floating knee injury with neurovascular compromise. PMID:23714102

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type VI in a 17-Year-Old Iranian Boy with Severe Muscular Weakness – A Diagnostic Challenge?

PubMed Central

Kariminejad, Ariana; Bozorgmehr, Bita; Khatami, Alireza; Kariminejad, Mohamad-Hasan; Giunta, Cecilia; Steinmann, Beat

2010-01-01

Background The Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type VI (EDSVI) is an autosomal recessive connective tissue disease which is characterized by severe hypotonia at birth, progressive kyphoscoliosis, skin hyperelasticity and fragility, joint hypermobility and (sub-)luxations, microcornea, rupture of arteries and the eye globe, and osteopenia. The enzyme collagen lysyl hydroxylase (LH1) is deficient in these patients due to mutations in the PLOD1 gene. Case Presentation We report a 17-year-old boy, born to related parents, with severe kyphoscoliosis, scar formation, joint hypermobility and multiple dislocations, muscular weakness, rupture of an ocular globe, and a history of severe infantile hypotonia. EDS VI was suspected clinically and confirmed by an elevated ratio of urinary total lysyl pyridinoline to hydroxylysyl pyridinoline, abnormal electrophoretic mobility of the α-collagen chains, and mutation analysis. Conclusion Because of the high rate of consanguineous marriages in Iran and, as a consequence thereof, an increased rate of autosomal recessive disorders, we urge physicians to consider EDS VI in the differential diagnosis of severe infantile hypotonia and muscular weakness, a disorder which can easily be confirmed by the analysis of urinary pyridinolines that is highly specific, sensitive, robust, fast, non-invasive, and inexpensive. PMID:23056730

Central lactic acidosis, hyperventilation, and respiratory alkalosis: leading clinical features in a 3-year-old boy with malignant meningeal melanoma.

PubMed

Blüher, Susann; Schulz, Manuela; Bierbach, Uta; Meixensberger, Jürgen; Tröbs, Ralf-Bodo; Hirsch, Wolfgang; Schober, Ralf; Kiess, Wieland; Siekmeyer, Werner

2008-04-01

Meningeal tumors are extremely rare in children and are diagnostically as well as therapeutically challenging. Among the least common types of malignancies in childhood is malignant melanoma, counting for less than 1% of pediatric tumors. Due to the rarity and the wide spectrum of appearance, initial clinical features may be misleading. A 3-year-old boy was referred to our hospital with symptoms of hyperventilation, dyspnoea, tachycardia, respiratory alkalosis, inarticulate speech, and fatigue. Measurement of pH in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) yielded central lactic acidosis despite alkalosis in peripheral blood. Diagnostic imaging procedures as well as histology and immunohistochemistry revealed the diagnosis of a malignant meningeal melanoma. We hypothesize that central lactate production of the tumor nests might have induced central acidification, thus inducing hyperventilation by stimulation of central chemoreceptors. This case is a model example of the key role of central pH as an inducer/suppressor of ventilation in humans and illustrates the critical importance of central pH for regulating both ventilation and acid-base homeostasis. Thus, pH of CSF should be measured whenever a malignant brain tumor is suspected.

Hepatoblastoma in an 11-year-old

PubMed Central

Pateva, Irina B.; Egler, Rachel A.; Stearns, Duncan S.

2017-01-01

Abstract Rationale: Hepatoblastoma is a rare malignancy. Approximately 100 cases are diagnosed yearly in the United States. The highest incidence occurs in infants and in children younger than 5 years. Cases involving patients older than 5 years are very rare. We describe the case of a patient who was diagnosed with hepatoblastoma at an atypical age of presentation for this type of malignancy. We also performed Ovid MEDLINE search for hepatoblastoma and epidemiology reports occurring in children between the ages of 5 and 18 years. In this article we review the epidemiology and summarize case reports published between 1997 and 2012 of patients with hepatoblastoma, who were older than 5 years. Patient concerns and diagnosis: Our patient is an 11 year old boy with stage IV hepatoblastoma with lung and omental metastases at diagnosis. Interventions: The patient received 7 cycles of chemotherapy following the treatment plan of COG protocol AHEP 0731, off study. He also had tumor resection and omentectomy and achieved complete remission. Outcomes: He later had disease recurrence and after undergoing treatment with different modalities, ultimately died of his disease. Review of SEER program data shows that the incidence of hepatoblastoma in children above the age of 5 years is too infrequent to be calculated. Literature review revealed 13 cases of patients diagnosed at age older than 5 years. Most cases were published due to unusual associations and/or complications. There are no obvious unifying characteristics for these cases, although there may be a slight male preponderance and many patients in this selected series presented with elevated Alpha-fetoprotein. Lessons: The reported case is rare, given the very low incidence of hepatoblastoma outside of infancy. A systematic review of characteristics and outcomes for patients older than 5 years who are enrolled in cooperative group hepatoblastoma trials may reveal important information about the epidemiology and tumor

Single-Ventricle Palliation in a 4-Year-Old With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.

PubMed

DeBoard, Zach M; Eckhauser, Aaron W; Griffiths, Eric

2018-01-01

We report the case of a 4-year-old boy with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome undergoing single-ventricle palliation for an unbalanced atrioventricular canal defect. No reports of single-ventricle palliation in the setting of connective tissue disorders exist in the current literature. Unique findings on the patient's preoperative imaging included a disproportionately large neoaortic root and a regurgitant atrioventricular valve, which may foretell the need for future intervention. Copyright © 2018 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

A Rare Case: Struma Ovarii in a 14-Year-Old Girl.

PubMed

Iltar, Elif; Ureyen, Isin; Toptas, Tayfun; Savas, Melike; Çekiç, Sema; Uysal, Aysel

2018-02-01

Ovarian tumors presented with ovarian mass in childhood and adolescence are uncommon but an important part of gynecological cases. Struma ovarii is one of the rare cystic benign ovarian tumors that is observed predominantly in women who are between the ages of 40 and 60 years old. It is extremely rare in adolescents. Herein, we present a 14-year-old adolescent girl with struma ovarii who presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain.

Objectively measured physical activity and bone strength in 9-year-old boys and girls.

PubMed

Sardinha, Luís B; Baptista, Fátima; Ekelund, Ulf

2008-09-01

The purpose of this work was to analyze the relationship between intensity and duration of physical activity and composite indices of femoral neck strength and bone-mineral content of the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and total body. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometry in 143 girls and 150 boys (mean age: 9.7 years). Measurement of bone-mineral content, femoral neck bone-mineral density, femoral neck width, hip axis length, and total body fat-free mass was performed with dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry. Compressive [(bone-mineral density x femoral neck width/weight)] and bending strength [(bone-mineral density x femoral neck width(2))/(hip axis length x weight)] express the forces that the femoral neck has to withstand in weight bearing, whereas impact strength [(bone-mineral density x femoral neck width x hip axis length)/(height x weight)] expresses the energy that the femoral neck has to absorb in an impact from standing height. Analysis of covariance (fat-free mass and age adjusted) showed differences between boys and girls of approximately 9% for compressive, 10% for bending, and 9% for impact strength. Stepwise regression analysis using time spent at sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous physical activity as predictors revealed that vigorous physical activity explained 5% to 9% of femoral neck strength variable variance in both genders, except for bending strength in boys, and approximately 1% to 3% of total body and femoral neck bone-mineral content variance. Vigorous physical activity was then used to categorize boys and girls into quartiles. Pairwise comparison indicated that boys in the third and fourth quartiles (accumulation of >26 minutes/day) demonstrated higher compressive (11%-12%), bending (10%), and impact (14%) strength than boys in the first quartile. In girls, comparison revealed a difference between the fourth (accumulation of >25 minutes/day) and first quartiles for bending strength (11%). We did not observe any

Case study of a 15-year-old boy with McCune-Albright syndrome combined with pituitary gigantism: effect of octreotide-long acting release (LAR) and cabergoline therapy.

PubMed

Tajima, Toshihiro; Tsubaki, Junko; Ishizu, Katsura; Jo, Wakako; Ishi, Nobuaki; Fujieda, Kenji

2008-07-01

The use of octreotide-LAR and cabergoline therapy has shown great promise in adults with acromegaly; however, the experience in pediatric patients has rarely been reported. We described a clinical course of a 15-year-old boy of McCune-Albright syndrome (MAS) with pituitary gigantism. At the age of 8 years, a growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) producing pituitary adenoma was diagnosed at our hospital. He also had multiple fibrous dysplasia, so that he was diagnosed as having MAS. The tumor was partially resected, and GNAS1 gene mutation (R201C) was identified in affected tissues. We introduced octreotide to suppress GH secretion (100 mug 2/day s.c). During therapy with octreotide, IGF-1 and GH levels could not be suppressed and the patient frequently complained of nausea from octreotide treatment. Therefore, the therapy was changed to monthly injections of octreotide-LAR at the age of 12.3 years and was partially effective. However, as defect of left visual field worsened due to progressive left optic canal stenosis, he underwent second neurological decompression of the left optic nerve at 13.4 years of age. After surgery, in addition to octreotide-LAR, cabergoline (0.25 mg twice a month) was started. This regimen normalized serum levels of GH and IGF-1; however, he showed impaired glucose tolerance and gallstones at 15.7 years of age. Therefore, the dose of octreotide-LAR was reduced to 10 mg and the dose of cabergoline increased. This case demonstrated the difficulty of treating pituitary gigantism due to MAS. The use of octreotide-LAR and cabergoline should be considered even in pediatric patients; however, adverse events due to octreotide-LAR must be carefully examined.

Twelve Weeks of Plyometric Training Improves Motor Performance of 7- to 9-Year-Old Boys Who Were Overweight/Obese: A Randomized Controlled Intervention.

PubMed

Nobre, Gabriela G; de Almeida, Marcelus B; Nobre, Isabele G; Dos Santos, Fernanda K; Brinco, Raphael A; Arruda-Lima, Thalison R; de-Vasconcelos, Kenya L; de-Lima, Jociellen G; Borba-Neto, Manoel E; Damasceno-Rodrigues, Emmanuel M; Santos-Silva, Steve M; Leandro, Carol G; Moura-Dos-Santos, Marcos A

2017-08-01

Nobre, GG, de Almeida, MB, Nobre, IG, dos Santos, FK, Brinco, RA, Arruda-Lima, TR, de-Vasconcelos, KL, de-Lima, JG, Borba-Neto, ME, Damasceno-Rodrigues, EM, Santos-Silva, SM, Leandro, CG, and Moura-dos-Santos, MA. Twelve weeks of plyometric training improves motor performance of 7- to 9-year-old boys who were overweight/obese: a randomized controlled intervention. J Strength Cond Res 31(8): 2091-2099, 2017-The prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity has increased, and physical training at school may to be effective to combat this scenario. We analyzed the effects of a protocol of plyometric training on body composition and motor performance of boys who were overweight/obese aged 7-9 years. The sample was randomly assigned into 2 groups: plyometric training group (T, n = 40) and control group (C, n = 19). Training consisted of 20 min·d (twice a week, during 12 weeks) of lower extremity plyometric exercise. Health-related physical fitness was measured by handgrip strength, standing long jump (SLJ), curl-ups, sit and reach, square test, running speed, and mile run test. Gross motor coordination was evaluated by means of the Körperkoordinations-test für Kinder (KTK) tests. Baseline and postintervention differences were investigated, and effect size was estimated through Cohen's d coefficient. Both groups showed increased body weight, height, and sitting height after intervention with a negligible effect size. Only T group showed increased fat-free mass (p = 0.011) compared with baseline values with small effect size. Plyometric training improved handgrip strength (d = 0.23), sit and reach (d = 0.18), curl-ups (d = 0.39), SLJ (d = 0.80), agility (d = 0.48), and time in the mile run test (d = 0.38). For gross motor coordination results, T group showed better performance in all tests after plyometric training with moderate/large effect size. Thus, 12 weeks of PT improved health-related physical fitness components and motor coordination acquisition of 7- to 9-year-old

A 2-year-old boy with circulatory failure owing to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: case report.

PubMed

Keenswijk, Werner; Vande Walle, Johan

2017-04-20

A 2-year-old boy presented with severe hypotension and acute kidney injury after a prodrome of non-bloody diarrhoea and fever in the preceding 3 days. He had a mild Ebstein cardiac anomaly but otherwise a normal past history and growth. On examination, he looked ill, his temperature was 37.5 °C, circulation was poor, and there were several purpuric lesions on the face, hands and scrotum. Haemoglobin was 7.8 g/dL (11-14), total white cell count 27 × 10 9 /L, platelets 62 × 10 9 /L, blood urea nitrogen 20.7 mmol/L (4.2-17.1), serum creatinine 95.4 μmol/L (21.2-36.2), CRP 154 mg/L (<5), AST 296 U/L (11-50), ALT 909 U/L (7-40) and C 3 component of complement 0.8 g/L (0.9-1.8). Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) were prolonged and fibrinogen level was 1.0 g/L (2-4). He received immediate fluid resuscitation (IV 0.9% saline solution, 2 × 10 ml/kg boluses, followed by glucose 5/0.45% sodium chloride solution, 2 × 10 ml/kg) and antibiotics (ciprofloxacin and amikacin) but circulation continued to deteriorate with development of decreased consciousness. He was placed on mechanical ventilation and vasopressor agents were added. Despite improved circulation over the next 2 days, he developed oliguria, progressive fluid overload, generalised oedema and a right-sided pleural effusion. Dialysis was commenced on day 3 of admission. Differential diagnosis included sepsis, atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome and lupus nephritis. Blood and urine cultures remained negative but an anti-streptolysin O titre of 1318 (<200) IU/mL led to the diagnosis of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome which is rare in early childhood and associated with high mortality. Haemodialysis was commenced and continued for 10 days with successful treatment of fluid overload and subsequent extubation. Renal function was completely restored over the following 6 weeks and he was discharged in good clinical condition about 2 months after intial admission

[Primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases: long term results of five year long preventive intervention in 12-year old boys (ten year prospective study)].

PubMed

Rozanov, V B; Aleksandov, A A; Shugaeva, E N; Perova, N V; Maslennikova, G Ia; Smirnova, S G; Olfer'ev, A M

2007-01-01

In a longitudinal cohort (prevention group, n=213, comparison group, n=163) of 10-year prospective follow-up we addressed efficacy of 5-year-long multifactor preventive intervention, conducted in a sample of population of 12 year old boys. Preventive intervention was carried out both at populational level and among persons with risk factors of development of cardiovascular diseases with the use of group, individual, and partly family approaches, and was directed at rationalization of nutrition, elevation of physical activity and prevention of harmful habits. During first 3 years of prevention we succeeded to achieve stable statistically significant lowering of mean levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and atherogeneity index, as well as to affect fatty component of body mass (skinfold thickness). Long term effect of 5-year long preventive intervention manifested as significantly lower level of systolic blood pressure, lower prevalence of low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, smaller increment of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and index of atherogeneity in the prevention group. These results evidence that prevention of main factors of risk of development of cardiovascular diseases (obesity, arterial hypertension, disorders of lipid composition of the blood, and low physical activity) in child and adolescent age in the period of active growth and development is feasible, effective, safe and is able to lead to decrease of levels of these factors in adults, but should last uninterruptedly until formation of stable habits of healthy life style.

Solitary juvenile xanthogranuloma of the temporal muscle and bone penetrating the dura mater in a 2-month-old boy.

PubMed

Cornips, Erwin M J; Cox, Kimberly E M; Creytens, David H K V; Granzen, Bernd; Weber, Jacobiene W; Ter Laak-Poort, Mariel P

2009-12-01

Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a rare histiocytic disorder primarily observed during the first 2 years of life. Most patients present with a solitary cutaneous lesion; however, others present with extracutaneous manifestations or even with systemic involvement. The authors describe a 2-month-old boy in whom was diagnosed a unifocal extracutaneous JXG involving the temporal bone. Unlike 3 other cases of solitary JXGs of the temporal bone in the literature, the present case involved destruction of the dura mater and leptomeningeal enhancement surrounding the entire temporal lobe. The lesion did not regress after an initial biopsy procedure and had to be removed more radically because of progressive mass effect on the brain. The child recently underwent a reconstructive skull procedure and is doing well almost 2 years postoperatively without evidence of disease. This case demonstrates that even in instances of extensive disease a favorable outcome is possible without chemotherapy.

Surgical Stabilization of Rib Fractures in a 6-Year-Old Child After Blunt Trauma.

PubMed

Abdelsattar, Zaid M; Ishitani, Michael B; Kim, Brian D

2017-12-01

When identified, rib fractures in children are associated with high-energy trauma, nonaccidental trauma, or both. Traditionally, the optimal management of rib fractures in children is supportive care. In this case report, we present a 6-year-old boy who underwent surgical rib fixation for multiple displaced and comminuted rib fractures after being stepped on by a horse. Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Listening to the Boys Again: An Exploration of What Boys Want to Learn in Sex Education Classes and How They Want to Be Taught

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hilton, Gillian L. S.

2007-01-01

This article describes the preferences expressed by 16-year-old and 17-year-old boys when they were asked what they want to learn from sex and relationship education classes and how they want to be taught. Research was carried out in eight secondary schools with boys in year 12. Qualitative responses from questionnaires issued to 307 boys were…

A Mixed Presentation of Serotonin Syndrome vs Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome in a 12-Year-Old Boy.

PubMed

Sun, Christie; Sweet, Hannah; Minns, Alicia B; Shapiro, Desiree; Jenkins, Willough

2018-04-24

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) and serotonin syndrome (SS) are serious medical conditions associated with commonly prescribed psychiatric medications. Although the mechanisms differ, they can be clinically difficult to distinguish. We report a case of a pediatric patient with complicated psychiatric history that developed features of both syndromes in the setting of polypharmacy. A 12-year-old boy with a history of developmental delay, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder presented to the emergency department with behavior changes consisting of delayed reactions, gait instability, drooling, and slowed movements. Ten days before presentation, his outpatient psychiatrist had made multiple medication changes including discontinuation of cyproheptadine (an appetite stimulant) and initiation of aripiprazole. On arrival, the patient was noted to be tachycardia and hypertensive for age. He was disoriented, intermittently agitated, and tremulous with increased tonicity, clonus in the lower extremities, and mydriasis. He was supportively treated with lorazepam and intravenous fluids while discontinuing potential offending agents. His course was complicated by hypertension and agitation managed with dexmedetomidine infusion and benzodiazepines. His mental status, tremors, and laboratory values began to improve over the next 2 days, and eventually transitioned to the inpatient psychiatric unit on hospital day 7. Diagnosis of NMS or SS can be difficult when there is overlap between syndromes, particularly in the setting of multiple potential offending agents or underlying developmental delay. In addition, pediatric patients may present atypically as compared with adult patients with the same condition. The use of antipsychotic medications for young children with behavioral problems has risen dramatically in the last decade, increasing their risk for developing SS or NMS.

Dietary Habits of Welsh 12-13 Year Olds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Thomas, Non-Eleri; Cooper, Stephen-Mark; Graham, Mike; Boobier, Wyndham; Baker, Julien; Davies, Bruce

2007-01-01

This study examined the dietary habits of Welsh 12-13 year olds. A cohort of 84 boys and 81 girls, age 12.9 SD 0.3 years; body mass 51.3 SD 12.6kg; and stature 1.54 SD 0.08m, completed a food frequency questionnaire and seven-day food diary. Mean daily kilocalories (kcal/d), and percentages of total fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, and protein,…

Cerebral vein thrombosis in a four year old with Behçet's disease.

PubMed

Hacihamdioglu, Duygu Ovunc; Demiriz, Murat; Sobaci, Gungor; Kocaoglu, Murat; Demirkaya, Erkan; Gok, Faysal

2014-01-01

Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystem disorder. The main pathology in BD is vasculitis that involves arteries and veins of all calibers. Central nervous system involvement occurs in 5-10% of patients. Increased morbidity and mortality is rarely observed in children. The mean age at onset in pediatric BD is approximately 7 years. Neurologic involvement in BD is usually observed after 3-6 years. We report the case of a four-year-old Turkish boy with BD with sagittal sinus thrombosis treated with infliximab. The patient presented papilledema without neurologic signs. Although long-term efficacy evaluations are needed in this case, infliximab therapy may be a good option in childhood BD with refractory sinus thrombosis. This is the youngest case of BD with sagittal sinus thrombosis reported so far. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.

[Ocular toxocariasis in a boy with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome - a case report].

PubMed

Antonowicz, Agnieszka; Skrzypczyk, Piotr; Kępa, Beata; Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Małgorzata

2016-10-19

Toxocariasis is a common zoonosis caused by infection with Toxocara canis or cati larvae. Ocular toxocariasis is one of the forms of infestation found in 1/1,000 - 1/10,000 children. Children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) are at high risk of infections, also parasitic infestations, which can, in turn, cause relapses of the disease. We present a case of a 6-year-old boy with steroiddependent nephrotic syndrome. The disease started at age of 2, the boy had 9 relapses of INS, and was treated with oral prednisone, levamisole, and cyclophosphamide. During hospitalization with Xth relapse of INS, he was screened for causes of recurrences and IgG antibodies against Toxocara were found. Fundoscopy revealed white, slightly elevated, and discoloured inflammatory lesions in right retina without inflammation in the vitreous. Ocular toxocariasis was diagnosed. The boy was treated for 7 days with albendazole in the dose of 15 mg/kg/24 h with simultaneous increase of the dose of prednisone to 1mg/kg/24 h. In control fundoscopic examinations there was no progression of ocular lesions. In children on immunosuppressive treatment with possible exposure to animals or raw meet it is advisable to take serological tests for Toxocara infestation also in the absence of clinical symptoms of parasitic infection.

Full recovery of a 13-year-old boy with pediatric Ramsay Hunt syndrome using a shorter course of aciclovir and steroid at lower doses: a case report

PubMed Central

2011-01-01

Introduction Reports on children with Ramsay Hunt syndrome are limited in the literature, resulting in uncertainty regarding the clinical manifestations and outcome of this syndrome. Treatment for Ramsay Hunt syndrome is usually with antivirals, although there is no evidence for beneficial effect on the outcome of Ramsay Hunt syndrome in adults (insufficient data on children exists). Here, we report a case of Ramsay Hunt syndrome occurring in a child who inadvertently received a lower dose of aciclovir and steroid administered for shorter than is usual. Our patient made a full recovery. Case presentation A 13-year-old African boy presented to our out-patients department with an inability to move the right side of his face for one week. He had previously been seen by the doctor on call, who prescribed aciclovir 200 mg three times per day and prednisone 20 mg once daily, both orally for five days, with a working diagnosis of Bell's palsy. After commencement of aciclovir-prednisone, while at home, our patient had headache, malaise, altered taste, vomiting after feeds, a ringing sound in his right ear as well as earache and ear itchiness. Additionally, he developed numerous fluid-filled pimples on his right ear. On presentation, a physical examination revealed a right-sided lower motor neuron facial nerve palsy and a healing rash on the right pinna. On direct questioning, our patient admitted having had chicken pox about three months previously. Based on the history and physical examination, Ramsay Hunt syndrome was diagnosed. Our patient was lost to follow-up until 11 months after the onset of illness; at this time, his facial nerve function was normal. Conclusions This case report documents the clinical manifestations and outcome of pediatric Ramsay Hunt syndrome; a condition with few case reports in the literature. In addition, our patient made a full recovery despite inadvertently receiving a lower dose of aciclovir and steroid administered for shorter than is

Donnie-Boy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Henderson, Mary

1974-01-01

The mother of a 21-year-old mentally retarded boy, who also suffers from frequent petit mal seizures, describes the developmental and behavioral problems which led her to seek institutional placement. (LH)

Cryopreservation of semen from pubertal boys with cancer.

PubMed

Müller, J; Sønksen, J; Sommer, P; Schmiegelow, M; Petersen, P M; Heilman, C; Schmiegelow, K

2000-03-01

The possibility of cryopreservation of semen from adolescents has until now received only little attention. Therefore, we have investigated the possibility of cryopreservation of semen in adolescent boys with cancer. Forty-five boys, aged 13-18 years, admitted because of cancer during the period January 1, 1995 to July 31, 1998 were eligible. Semen was obtained after masturbation in the majority of the cases. In three boys, semen was preserved after penile vibration or electroejaculation in general anaesthesia. The semen samples were analysed for concentration, motility, and morphology according to the WHO guidelines. The sample was transferred into straws prior to cryopreservation at 196 degrees C in liquid nitrogen. Twenty-one boys delivered a semen sample for cryopreservation. Four boys were offered and accepted sperm banking but were not able to produce a sample. In 20 cases time did not allow an attempt of sperm banking, the boy was not assessed to be mature enough to deliver a semen sample, or the procedure was not accepted. The boys delivered 1-3 samples, and the total number of spermatozoa ranged from 0-210 millions. Median percentage of motile sperm was 50% (range 9-86%). Semen quality improved with age; however, a 13- year- old boy produced 75 million spermatozoa with 38% motile cells. Pubertal maturation should be assessed in all boys admitted for cancer, and the possibility of sperm banking should be discussed with the patient and his parents.

Mastery of Fundamental Movement Skills among 6-Year-Old Flemish Pre-School Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vandaele, Bart; Cools, Wouter; de Decker, Steve; de Martelaer, Kristine

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study was to assess mastery of Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) in 6- to 6.5-year-old Flemish pre-school children. The subjects were 236 6-year-old children (138 boys, 98 girls; mean age 6 years 2.4 months, SD 2.4). Children were individually assessed with the Motoriktest fur Vier- bis Sechsjahrige Kinder (MOT 4-6) in four…

Dopamine risk and paternal ADHD symptomatology associated with ADHD symptoms in four and a half-year-old boys.

PubMed

Auerbach, Judith G; Atzaba-Poria, Naama; Berger, Andrea; Landau, Rivka; Arbelle, Shoshana; Raz, Yael; Ebstein, Richard

2010-08-01

This study examined the influence of allelic variation in two dopamine genes, the dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene and the dopamine transporter D1 (DAT1) gene, and paternal attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology on the level of ADHD symptoms in 96 four and a half-year-old boys. DNA was collected by means of a buccal swab and genotyped for DRD4 and DAT1. Mothers completed the Dupaul ADHD checklist on their sons. ADHD symptomatology ratings for fathers were based on a summed father self-reported and spouse-reported symptoms (Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale). There were main effects for DAT1 and father symptomatology for the child Total ADHD and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity scores. The main effects for DRD4 were limited to the child Hyperactivity-Impulsivity scores. Child Inattentive scores were influenced only by father symptomatology. Interaction effects between DAT1 and DRD4 and between DAT1 and the father ADHD risk group were found for child Hyperactivity-Impulsivity scores. Boys with the highest level of symptomatology were those with the 10/10 DAT1 genotype and the DRD4-7 genotype or fathers with high symptomatology. The findings of this study indicate that the risk for ADHD, particularly hyperactivity-impulsivity, is exacerbated in the presence of dopamine risk genes and paternal ADHD symptomatology. This study adds to the growing literature on the efficacy of including multiple genetic and environmental risk factors in studies related to the development of psychopathology.

Uroflowmetry nomograms for healthy children 5 to 15 years old.

PubMed

Gupta, Dheeraj Kumar; Sankhwar, Satya Narayan; Goel, Apul

2013-09-01

We determined flow rates and generated flow rate-voided volume nomograms based on healthy children 5 to 15 years old voiding spontaneously in their natural environment. A total of 824 healthy school children of both genders were enrolled. A single uroflow record from each child was evaluated. A total of 103 children with a voided volume of less than 50 ml and/or a staccato/interrupted uroflow pattern were excluded, and 721 records were analyzed. Data were evaluated using several mathematical formulas and goodness of fit was determined. Linear regression analysis was used to generate nomograms. Flow rates and voided volumes increased with increasing age, with the effect being more pronounced in girls. No significant difference was noted in uroflow rates from 5 to 10 years, but significant differences (p <0.001) started appearing at 11 to 15 years. Also no significant difference was noted in uroflow rates among children 11 to 15 years. Therefore, 2 age groups were designated, with group 1 consisting of patients 5 to 10 years old and group 2 consisting of patients 11 to 15 years old. There were 222 boys and 122 girls in group 1 and 240 boys and 137 girls in group 2. In group 1 the maximum and average ± SD flow rates were 15.26 ± 4.54 ml per second and 7.68 ± 3.26 ml per second, respectively, for boys and 17.98 ± 6.06 ml per second and 9.19 ± 4.23 ml per second, respectively, for girls. In group 2 these rates were 22.50 ± 7.24 ml per second and 10.78 ± 4.03 ml per second, respectively, for boys and 27.16 ± 9.37 ml per second and 13.48 ± 5.21 ml per second, respectively, for girls. This large study, which expands the scant existing literature on uroflow parameters in healthy children, will hopefully promote wider application of uroflowmetry testing in the pediatric population. Copyright © 2013 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

[Effect of psychotherapeutic interventions on weight reduction and personality development of a 13-year-old boy with Prader-Willi syndrome].

PubMed

Wurst, E; Möslinger, D; Widhalm, K

1992-01-01

A 12.10-year old boy (actual weight 88.8 kg, actual height 131.2 cm; 228% overweight) with Prader-Willi-syndrome achieved, after repeated ineffective therapy attempts over a period of 10 years, a weight reduction of 11.8 kg (185% overweight) during a 9-week in-patient treatment. In the following out-patient phase of therapy a further weight reduction of 20 kg (109% overweight) was achieved over a period of 16 months. Apart from the usual modes of action of therapy (reduced energy intake, physical exercise, behaviour modification), family therapeutic and special education interventions were used. These achieved an improvement of the patient's self-esteem, an increase in his competence to act and in his autonomy concerning his diet management, as well as a positive experience of his own abilities and social acceptance by other children and the stabilisation of the dysfunctional family system. It may be assumed that this therapeutic success is dependent on consequent compliance with the system model.

HPV Vaccination of Boys in Primary Care Practices

PubMed Central

Allison, Mandy A.; Dunne, Eileen F.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; O’Leary, Sean T.; Crane, Lori A.; Hurley, Laura P.; Stokley, Shannon; Babbel, Christine I.; Brtnikova, Michaela; Beaty, Brenda L.; Kempe, Allison

2018-01-01

OBJECTIVE In October 2011, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4) for the routine immunization schedule for 11- to 12-year-old boys. Before October 2011, HPV4 was permissively recommended for boys. We conducted a study in 2010 to provide data that could guide efforts to implement routine HPV4 immunization in boys. Our objectives were to describe primary care physicians’: 1) knowledge and attitudes about human papillomavirus (HPV)-related disease and HPV4, 2) recommendation and administration practices regarding HPV vaccine in boys compared to girls, 3) perceived barriers to HPV4 administration in boys, and 4) personal and practice characteristics associated with recommending HPV4 to boys. METHODS We conducted a mail and Internet survey in a nationally representative sample of pediatricians and family medicine physicians from July 2010 to September 2010. RESULTS The response rate was 72% (609 of 842). Most physicians thought that the routine use of HPV4 in boys was justified. Although it was permissively recommended, 33% recommended HPV4 to 11- to 12-year-old boys and recommended it more strongly to older male adolescents. The most common barriers to HPV4 administration were related to vaccine financing. Physicians who reported recommending HPV4 for 11- to 12-year-old boys were more likely to be from urban locations, perceive that HPV4 is efficacious, perceive that HPV-related disease is severe, and routinely discuss sexual health with 11- to 12-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS Although most physicians support HPV4 for boys, physician education and evidence-based tools are needed to improve implementation of a vaccination program for males in primary care settings. PMID:24011749

Childhood Predictors of Psychiatric Disorders among Boys: A Prospective Community-Based Follow-Up Study from Age 8 Years to Early Adulthood.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sourander, Andre; Multimaki, Petteri; Nikolakaros, Georgios; Haavisto, Antti; Ristkari, Terja; Helenius, Hans; Parkkola, Kai; Piha, Jorma; Tamminen, Tuula; Moilanen, Irma; Kumpulainen, Kirsti; Almqvist, Fredrik

2005-01-01

Objective: To study early childhood predictors for early adulthood psychiatric disorders. Method: The sample included 2,712 Finnish boys born in 1981. Information about the 8-year-old boys' problem behavior was obtained from parents, teachers, and children. The 10-15-year follow-up information about psychiatric disorders in early adulthood was…

Herpes zoster duplex bilateralis in an immunocompetent adolescent boy: a case report and literature review.

PubMed

Yan, Chen; Laguna, Benjamin A; Marlowe, Lauren E; Keller, Michael D; Treat, James R

2014-01-01

Simultaneous involvement of herpes zoster in multiple dermatomes is uncommon, and even more so in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case wherein a healthy adolescent boy presented with herpes zoster in two distinct dermatomes, raising concern for immunodeficiency, but he was found to be immunocompetent on further testing. A 14-year-old boy with no significant past medical history developed painless vesicular eruptions in two distinct distributions. Varicella zoster virus polymerase chain reaction was positive from unroofed vesicles in both regions. Initial laboratory studies disclosed abnormalities of unknown significance in natural killer (NK) cell percentage and function. The patient was treated with appropriate antiviral therapy. Repeat studies while healthy were not suggestive of an underlying NK cell defect. There are few case reports describing herpes zoster in two or more dermatomes in children. Previously described presentations most commonly occurred in the context of primary immunodeficiency, acquired immunodeficiency, or immunosuppressive medications. Because of the rarity of this presentation in immunocompetent patients, the authors recommend a thorough immune evaluation of all children presenting with isolated multidermatomal zoster. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Father-Child Interaction: Associations with Self-Control and Aggression among 4.5-Year-Olds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Meece, Darrell; Robinson, Cheryl Malone

2014-01-01

Examined correlates of positive father caregiving and harsh control among 721 (350 girls) four-year-old children through analysis of NICHD Study of Early Child Care data and 7050 (3450 girls) four-year-old children through analysis of Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort data. Findings from both samples suggest that, for both boys and…

Long-Term Observation of Coexistence of Posterior Polymorphous Corneal Dystrophy, Resultant High Myopia and Nonkeratoconic Developing Corneal Astigmatism: A Case Report of 7-Year Tracking in a Chinese Boy.

PubMed

Shen, Jianqin; Chixin, Du; Gu, Yangshun

2015-06-01

Posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) is an extremely rare, bilateral, and inherited disorder, which affects the corneal endothelium and Descemet's membrane. Few PPCD cases in Chinese patients have been published so far. As far as we know, there are few studies which focused on the associations between PPCD and high myopia either. Here we report a rare case of coexistence of posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy, resultant high myopia and with-the-rule developing corneal astigmatism in a young Chinese boy. A 6-year-old boy was first referred to our department 7 years ago, complaining of bilateral poor vision. Examinations of both eyes including ophthalmologic examination, cycloplegic refraction examination, confocal microscopy findings, and corneal topography were performed. Bilateral small aggregates of vesicular lesions and patchy hyperreflectivity were observed at the level of the Descemet's membrane on confocal microscopy, which is consistent with typical PPCD. Optometry and corneal topography examinations showed a resultant high myopia. Ocular examinations were performed annually to follow up with the patient in the past 7 years. The corneal lesions remained stable whereas an axial elongation and a sharp increase in both spherical and cylindrical equivalent power were observed. Close follow-ups including thorough scrutiny of the endothelium and systematic ocular ancillary examinations are essential for patients with PPCD. The pathological coexistence of PPCD and high myopia in our case is possibly due to a shared etiological pathway or genetic background. Advanced genetic analysis on similar cases is expected if more samples can be provided.

Time for bed: associations with cognitive performance in 7-year-old children: a longitudinal population-based study.

PubMed

Kelly, Yvonne; Kelly, John; Sacker, Amanda

2013-11-01

Little is known about the links between the time that young children go to bed and their cognitive development. In this paper we seek to examine whether bedtimes in early childhood are related to cognitive test scores in 7-year-olds. We examined data on bedtimes and cognitive test (z-scores) for reading, maths and spatial abilities for 11 178 7-year-old children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. At age 7, not having a regular bedtime was related to lower cognitive test scores in girls: reading (β: -0.22), maths (β: -0.26) and spatial (β: -0.15), but not for boys. Non-regular bedtimes at age 3 were independently associated, in girls and boys, with lower reading (β: -0.10, -0.20), maths (β: -0.16, -0.11) and spatial (β: -0.13, -0.16) scores. Cumulative relationships were apparent. Girls who never had regular bedtimes at ages 3, 5 and 7 had significantly lower reading (β: -0.36), maths (β: -0.51) and spatial (β: -0.40) scores, while for boys this was the case for those having non-regular bedtimes at any two ages (3, 5 or 7 years): reading (β: -0.28), maths (β: -0.22) and spatial (β: -0.26) scores. In boys having non-regular bedtimes at all three ages (3, 5 and 7 years) were non-significantly related to lower reading, maths and spatial scores. The consistent nature of bedtimes during early childhood is related to cognitive performance. Given the importance of early child development, there may be knock on effects for health throughout life.

Cardiovascular Fitness in Obese versus Nonobese 8-11-Year-Old Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mastrangelo, M. Alysia; Chaloupka, Edward C.; Rattigan, Peter

2008-01-01

The purpose of this study was to compare cardiovascular fitness between obese and nonobese children. Based on body mass index, 118 were classified as obese (boys [OB] = 62, girls [OG] = 56), while 421 were nonobese (boys [NOB] = 196, girls [NOG] = 225). Cardiovascular fitness was determined by a 1-mile [1.6 km] run/walk (MRW) and estimated peak…

Sex Differences in Using Spatial and Verbal Abilities Influence Route Learning Performance in a Virtual Environment: A Comparison of 6- to 12-Year Old Boys and Girls

PubMed Central

Merrill, Edward C.; Yang, Yingying; Roskos, Beverly; Steele, Sara

2016-01-01

Previous studies have reported sex differences in wayfinding performance among adults. Men are typically better at using Euclidean information and survey strategies while women are better at using landmark information and route strategies. However, relatively few studies have examined sex differences in wayfinding in children. This research investigated relationships between route learning performance and two general abilities: spatial ability and verbal memory in 153 boys and girls between 6- to 12-years-old. Children completed a battery of spatial ability tasks (a two-dimension mental rotation task, a paper folding task, a visuo-spatial working memory task, and a Piagetian water level task) and a verbal memory task. In the route learning task, they had to learn a route through a series of hallways presented via computer. Boys had better overall route learning performance than did girls. In fact, the difference between boys and girls was constant across the age range tested. Structural equation modeling of the children’s performance revealed that spatial abilities and verbal memory were significant contributors to route learning performance. However, there were different patterns of correlates for boys and girls. For boys, spatial abilities contributed to route learning while verbal memory did not. In contrast, for girls both spatial abilities and verbal memory contributed to their route learning performance. This difference may reflect the precursor of a strategic difference between boys and girls in wayfinding that is commonly observed in adults. PMID:26941701

Sex Differences in Using Spatial and Verbal Abilities Influence Route Learning Performance in a Virtual Environment: A Comparison of 6- to 12-Year Old Boys and Girls.

PubMed

Merrill, Edward C; Yang, Yingying; Roskos, Beverly; Steele, Sara

2016-01-01

Previous studies have reported sex differences in wayfinding performance among adults. Men are typically better at using Euclidean information and survey strategies while women are better at using landmark information and route strategies. However, relatively few studies have examined sex differences in wayfinding in children. This research investigated relationships between route learning performance and two general abilities: spatial ability and verbal memory in 153 boys and girls between 6- to 12-years-old. Children completed a battery of spatial ability tasks (a two-dimension mental rotation task, a paper folding task, a visuo-spatial working memory task, and a Piagetian water level task) and a verbal memory task. In the route learning task, they had to learn a route through a series of hallways presented via computer. Boys had better overall route learning performance than did girls. In fact, the difference between boys and girls was constant across the age range tested. Structural equation modeling of the children's performance revealed that spatial abilities and verbal memory were significant contributors to route learning performance. However, there were different patterns of correlates for boys and girls. For boys, spatial abilities contributed to route learning while verbal memory did not. In contrast, for girls both spatial abilities and verbal memory contributed to their route learning performance. This difference may reflect the precursor of a strategic difference between boys and girls in wayfinding that is commonly observed in adults.

Effect of sugars in solutions on subjective appetite and short-term food intake in 9- to 14-year-old normal weight boys.

PubMed

Van Engelen, M; Khodabandeh, S; Akhavan, T; Agarwal, J; Gladanac, B; Bellissimo, N

2014-07-01

The role of sugars in solutions on subjective appetite and food intake (FI) has received little investigation in children. Therefore, we examined the effect of isocaloric solutions (200 kcal/250 ml) of sugars including sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup-55 (HFCS) or glucose, compared with a non-caloric sucralose control, on subjective appetite and FI in 9- to 14-year-old normal weight (NW) boys. NW boys (n=15) received each of the test solutions, in random order, 60 min before an ad libitum pizza meal. Subjective appetite was measured at baseline (0 min), and 15, 30, 45 and 60 min. Only glucose (P=0.003), but neither sucrose nor HFCS, reduced FI compared with the sucralose control. This led to a higher cumulative energy intake, compared with sucralose, after sucrose (P=0.009) and HFCS (P=0.01), but not after glucose. In all treatment sessions, subjective average appetite increased from baseline to 60 min, but change from baseline average appetite was the highest after sucrose (P<0.005). Furthermore, sucrose (r=-0.59, P=0.02) and HFCS (r=-0.56, P=0.03), but not glucose, were inversely associated with test meal FI when the treatment dose (200 kcal) was expressed on a body weight (kg) basis. Change from baseline subjective average appetite was the highest after sucrose, but only the glucose solution suppressed FI at the test meal 60 min later in NW boys.

Acute effects of active gaming on ad libitum energy intake and appetite sensations of 8-11-year-old boys.

PubMed

Allsop, Susan; Dodd-Reynolds, Caroline J; Green, Benjamin P; Debuse, Dorothée; Rumbold, Penny L S

2015-12-28

The present study examined the acute effects of active gaming on energy intake (EI) and appetite responses in 8-11-year-old boys in a school-based setting. Using a randomised cross-over design, twenty-one boys completed four individual 90-min gaming bouts, each separated by 1 week. The gaming bouts were (1) seated gaming, no food or drink; (2) active gaming, no food or drink; (3) seated gaming with food and drink offered ad libitum; and (4) active gaming with food and drink offered ad libitum. In the two gaming bouts during which foods and drinks were offered, EI was measured. Appetite sensations - hunger, prospective food consumption and fullness - were recorded using visual analogue scales during all gaming bouts at 30-min intervals and at two 15-min intervals post gaming. In the two bouts with food and drink, no significant differences were found in acute EI (MJ) (P=0·238). Significant differences were detected in appetite sensations for hunger, prospective food consumption and fullness between the four gaming bouts at various time points. The relative EI calculated for the two gaming bouts with food and drink (active gaming 1·42 (sem 0·28) MJ; seated gaming 2·12 (sem 0·25) MJ) was not statistically different. Acute EI in response to active gaming was no different from seated gaming, and appetite sensations were influenced by whether food was made available during the 90-min gaming bouts.

20S proteasome in the blood plasma of boys with cryptorchidism.

PubMed

Toliczenko-Bernatowicz, D; Matuszczak, E; Tylicka, M; Sankiewicz, A; Komarowska, M; Gorodkiewicz, E; Debek, W; Hermanowicz, A

2018-02-15

To evaluate the concentration of 20S proteasome in the blood plasma of boys with cryptorchidism. Patients-50 boys aged 1-4 years (median = 2.4 years) with unilateral cryptorchidism. The control group-50 healthy, age-matched boys (aged 1-4 years, median = 2.1 years), admitted for planned herniotomy. In our study, we used a novel technique Surface PLASMON RESONANCE Imaging. The median concentration of 20S proteasome in the blood plasma of boys with cryptorchidism was 2.5-fold higher than in boys with inguinal hernia. We noticed statistically significant difference between 20S proteasome levels in boys with cryptorchidism up to 2 years old and above 2 years old. We believe that the 20S proteasome concentrations in the blood plasma of boys with cryptorchidism reflect the heat-induced apoptosis of germ cells.

Association between intake of dietary protein and 3-year-change in body growth among normal and overweight 6-year-old boys and girls (CoSCIS).

PubMed

van Vught, Anneke J A H; Heitmann, Berit L; Nieuwenhuizen, Arie G; Veldhorst, Margriet A B; Andersen, Lars Bo; Hasselstrom, Henriette; Brummer, Robert-Jan M; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S

2010-05-01

Growth hormone (GH) affects linear growth and body composition, by increasing the secretion of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), muscle protein synthesis and lipolysis. The intake of protein (PROT) as well as the specific amino acids arginine (ARG) and lysine (LYS) stimulates GH/IGF-I secretion. The present paper aimed to investigate associations between PROT intake as well as intake of the specific amino acids ARG and LYS, and subsequent 3-year-change in linear growth and body composition among 6-year-old children. Children's data were collected from Copenhagen (Denmark), during 2001-2002, and again 3 years later. Boys and girls were separated into normal weight and overweight, based on BMI quintiles. Fat-free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were calculated. Associations between change (Delta) in height, FMI and FFMI, respectively, and habitual PROT intake as well as ARG and LYS were analysed by multiple linear regressions, adjusted for baseline height, FMI or FFMI and energy intake, age, physical activity and socio-economic status. Eighteen schools in two suburban communities in the Copenhagen (Denmark) area participated in the study. In all, 223 children's data were collected for the present study. High ARG intake was associated with linear growth (beta = 1.09 (se 0.54), P = 0.05) among girls. Furthermore, in girls, DeltaFMI had a stronger inverse association with high ARG intake, if it was combined with high LYS intake, instead of low LYS intake (P = 0.03). No associations were found in boys.ConclusionIn prepubertal girls, linear growth may be influenced by habitual ARG intake and body fat gain may be relatively prevented over time by the intake of the amino acids ARG and LYS.

A longitudinal analysis of sex differences in bone mineral accrual in healthy 8-19-year-old boys and girls.

PubMed

Baxter-Jones, A D G; Mirwald, R L; McKay, H A; Bailey, D A

2003-01-01

Although early in life there is little discernible difference in bone mass between boys and girls, at puberty sex differences are observed. It is uncertain if these differences represent differences in bone mass or just differences in anthropometric dimensions. The study aimed to identify whether sex independently affects bone mineral content (BMC) accrual in growing boys and girls. Three sites are investigated: total body (TB), femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS). 85 boys and 67 girls were assessed annually for seven consecutive years. BMC was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Biological age was defined as years from age at peak height velocity (PHV). Data were analysed using a hierarchical (random effects) modelling approach. When biological age, body size and body composition were controlled, boys had statistically significantly higher TB and FN BMC at all maturity levels (p < 0.05). No independent sex differences were found at the LS (p > 0.05). Although a statistical significant sex effect is observed, it is less than the error of the measurement, and thus sex difference are debatable. In general, sex difference are explained by anthropometric difference.

Evaluation of dietary intake of vitamins and minerals in 13-15-years-old boys from a sport school in Warsaw.

PubMed

Szczepańska, Beata; Malczewska-Lenczowska, Jadwiga; Wajszczyk, Bożena

2016-01-01

Insufficient intake of vitamins and minerals, in teenagers engaged in physical activity increases the risk of health disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected vitamins and minerals intake in 13-15-year-old boys from sport school. The study of dietary intake was conducted among 44 boys from the School of Sport Championship (SSC). Nutritional data was collected using 24-hour recall for 3 days of week. Daily intake of minerals: sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, iodine and vitamins: A, E, D, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, folate and niacin was estimated. The probability of insufficient intake of nutrients in relation to the standard levels: Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI) as well as excessive intake of them in relation to the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) were assessed. The highest percentage of insufficient intake concerned vitamin D (100%), potassium (69%), folate (53%), and calcium (50%), slightly lower of magnesium (27%), vitamins C (24%) and E (15%). The risk of inadequate intake of other minerals: sodium, copper, iron, zinc, phosphorus, iodine and vitamins: B6, B1, B2, A, B12, niacin, was relatively lower and amounted from 0.3% to 5.4%. The disturbingly high probability of exceeding the UL for sodium (99.5%) was observed. A significant disproportion between the mean intake and the percentage of inadequate diets indicates a large diversity in the intake of vitamins and minerals in the group of studied boys, what was the reason of unbalanced diet. The insufficient intake concerns especially vitamin D, potassium, folate, calcium and a lesser extent magnesium, vitamins C and E. Sodium intake was disturbingly high. In order to avoid nutritional mistakes in the future education on the rational nutrition among students, their parents, and teachers is necessary.

Physical activity levels and patterns of 11-14 year-old Turkish adolescents.

PubMed

Kin-Isler, Ayse; Asci, F Hulya; Altintas, Atakan; Guven-Karahan, Bengu

2009-01-01

This study examined age and gender differences in physical activity levels and various physical activity patterns of 11-14-year-old Turkish adolescents and also determined if these differ between genders. Six hundred and fifty girls and 666 boys between the ages of 11 and 14 years constituted the sample of this study. Participants self-reported physical activity levels and patterns were determined by a Weekly Activity Checklist. A 2 x 4 (Gender x Age) MANOVA revealed overall significant main effect of gender and age on the physical activity level of adolescents; however, gender x age interaction effect was not significant. The findings indicated an interaction effect was not significant. The findings indicated an age-related decline in physical activity level, an increase in participation in low activities, and a decrease in participation in moderate and vigorous activities in 11-14-year-old Turkish adolescents. In addition it was found that boys were more active than girls and participated more in moderate and vigorous activities.

The differences in level of trait anxiety among girls and boys aged 13-17 years with myopia and emmetropia.

PubMed

Łazarczyk, Joanna B; Urban, Beata; Konarzewska, Beata; Szulc, Agata; Bakunowicz-Łazarczyk, Alina; Żmudzka, Ewa; Kowzan, Urszula; Waszkiewicz, Napoleon; Juszczyk-Zajkowska, Karolina

2016-11-14

A significant increase in myopia among children and teenagers can be observed all over the world. Yet at the same time, there is still an insignificant number of studies concerning this health problem. The aim of this study was to assess the level of trait anxiety among myopic group of teenagers in comparison to teenagers with emmetropia, and to confirm whether the level of trait anxiety relates to age and gender. Two hundred thirty-nine students aged 13-17 years were included in the study. The study group comprised 114 persons with myopia (81 girls and 33 boys), while the control group comprised 125 persons without refractive error (79 girls and 46 boys). Volunteers completed a set of questionnaires including: personal data, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC) (13-14 year-olds), or State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (15-17 year-olds). The trait anxiety subscales were thus analyzed. Among younger adolescents (13-14 years of age) with myopia there was a significantly higher incidence of pathological intensification of anxiety as a constant trait. After taking into account the distribution of gender, there was a higher level of trait anxiety in the group of boys with myopia than in the control group aged 13-17 years and 13-14 years. There was also a higher level of trait anxiety detected in males than in females. Myopia may affect the level of trait anxiety among 13-14-year-olds. In both age groups of girls, a higher percentage of patients with high level of anxiety was discovered (≥7 sten), as compared to their peers without vision defects. Our results can contribute to a more accurate analysis of young teenagers' psychological problems, especially among boys diagnosed with myopia.

Myofibroma as a Rapidly Growing Gingival Mass in a 4-year-old Boy: a Case Report.

PubMed

Atarbashi-Moghadam, Saede; Lotfi, Ali; Shahrabi-Farahani, Shokoufeh; Atarbashi-Moghadam, Fazele

2018-06-01

Solitary myofibroma is an uncommon benign soft tissue neoplasm of myofibroblastic origin exhibiting head and neck region predilection but its presence in the jaws is rare. Myofibroma presents as painless mass and may demonstrate rapid enlargement and growth that clinically mimic malignancies. This report presents a 4-year-old male patient with a rapidly growing mandibular gingival mass with some evidence of underlying alveolar bone destruction. Incisional biopsy was performed and the specimen was stained with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical antibodies for αSMA, CD34, S100 and desmin. The diagnosis of myofibroma was made and the lesion was completely excised. The knowledge about microscopic features of this rare neoplasm helps to have a proper diagnosis and avoid unnecessary treatment.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Odontogenic Cutaneous Sinus Tracts in an 11-Year-Old Boy

PubMed Central

Chen, Ke; Liang, Yun; Xiong, Huacui

2016-01-01

Abstract Odontogenic cutaneous sinus tracts (OCSTs) are generally primarily misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated by virtue of their rarity and the absence of dental symptoms. Accurate diagnosis and treatment and the elimination of the source of infection can reduce the incidence of complications and relieve the pain of the patient. In this case report, we present the case of an 11-year-old patient with an apparent abscess but an unobvious draining sinus tract in his left cheek. Intraorally, a glass-ionomer-cement filling on the occlusal surface of the left mandibular first molar (tooth 36) was noted. Radiographic examination revealed a radiopaque mass inside the crown and pulp chamber and an irregular, radiolucent periapical lesion surrounding the distal root apex. He was diagnosed with an OCTS secondary to a periapical abscess of tooth 36. Precise root canal therapy (RCT) and chronic granuloma debridement was performed; 6 months later, the abscess and sinus had healed completely, and the periapical lesion had resolved. Odontogenic cutaneous sinus tracts are uncommon in the clinic. This case report reminds us of the significance of OCSTs and provides some implications for their diagnosis and treatment. PMID:27196471

Fournier's gangrene of the penis in a 12-year-old patient secondary to phimosis.

PubMed

Ward, Luther; Eisenson, Daniel; Fils, Jean-Louis

2016-12-01

We report a case of Fournier's gangrene in a 12-year-old boy from St. Boniface Hospital in Fond-des-Blancs, Haiti. Fournier's gangrene, a fulminant necrotizing fasciitis of the penis and scrotum, is a rare and life-threatening infection that requires hospitalization, broad-spectrum antibiotics, and surgical debridement.1-3 It is usually associated with impaired cellular immunity due to systemic disorders such as diabetes and liver disease.4,5 This patient had none of those risk factors, but had severe, longstanding phimosis, for which circumcision had been recommended many years before. This case illustrates how lack of access to basic surgical care for an easily treatable condition leads to advanced presentation of a severe disease process. [Full article available at http://rimed.org/rimedicaljournal-2016-12.asp].

Time for bed: associations with cognitive performance in 7-year-old children: a longitudinal population-based study

PubMed Central

Kelly, Yvonne; Kelly, John; Sacker, Amanda

2013-01-01

Background Little is known about the links between the time that young children go to bed and their cognitive development. In this paper we seek to examine whether bedtimes in early childhood are related to cognitive test scores in 7-year-olds. Methods We examined data on bedtimes and cognitive test (z-scores) for reading, maths and spatial abilities for 11 178 7-year-old children from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Results At age 7, not having a regular bedtime was related to lower cognitive test scores in girls: reading (β: −0.22), maths (β: −0.26) and spatial (β: −0.15), but not for boys. Non-regular bedtimes at age 3 were independently associated, in girls and boys, with lower reading (β: −0.10, −0.20), maths (β: −0.16, −0.11) and spatial (β: −0.13, −0.16) scores. Cumulative relationships were apparent. Girls who never had regular bedtimes at ages 3, 5 and 7 had significantly lower reading (β: −0.36), maths (β: −0.51) and spatial (β: −0.40) scores, while for boys this was the case for those having non-regular bedtimes at any two ages (3, 5 or 7 years): reading (β: −0.28), maths (β: −0.22) and spatial (β: −0.26) scores. In boys having non-regular bedtimes at all three ages (3, 5 and 7 years) were non-significantly related to lower reading, maths and spatial scores. Conclusions The consistent nature of bedtimes during early childhood is related to cognitive performance. Given the importance of early child development, there may be knock on effects for health throughout life. PMID:23835763

Endovascular management of iatrogenic cervical internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in a 9-year-old child: Case report and literature review.

PubMed

Pinzón, Martín; Lobelo, Nelson Oswaldo; Rodríguez, María Claudia; Villamor, Perla; Otoya, Ana María

2017-04-01

Extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) pseudoaneurysms are uncommon in the pediatric population and are usually secondary to direct trauma to the vessel. Treatment options include surgery (ligation), anticoagulation therapy and endovascular treatment. Endovascular covered stents have shown good results in adult populations, resulting in occlusion of the aneurysm and preservation of the artery without significant complications. However, there have been only limited reports in the literature reporting endovascular carotid stent placement in the pediatric population. We report a case of a 9-year-old boy patient, who developed a cervical ICA pseudoaneurysm after a parapharyngeal tumor resection. He was successfully treated by primary endovascular covered stent placement. During a follow-up of 6 months the patient has been asymptomatic, without any adverse event. Additionally, a literature review is done. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Short-term Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Obesity and Cardiovascular Fitness of 12-14-year-old Boy Students.

PubMed

Marandi, Sayed Mohammad; Minasian, Vazgen; Kelishadi, Roya; Khalighinejad, Pooyan; Borojeni, Marjan Momeni; Borghi, Sayed Hashem

2014-12-01

Some local governments have implemented strategies to increase physical activity as a way to control obesity in children, but in Iranian students few studies have evaluated the effects of such interventions on overweight and obese children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a short-term school-based physical activity on obesity and cardiovascular fitness in 12-14-year-old boy students. This study showed an intervention effect on some health-related fitness factors in students. A number of 127 boy students aged 12-14 years, in the city of Isfahan, based on preventive plan of inactivity in children at the provincial Health office selected randomly as subjects. Measurement variables include; weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), body-fat percent and aerobic power of subjects measured by valid tests. This study revealed that body-fat percentage of this students changed near to 17.84% (42.25% pretest vs. 34.71% posttest), WHR 0.44%, (0.915 pretest vs. 0.911 posttest), VO2 max changed 8.54% (27.84 pretest vs. 30.22 posttest) whereas BMI was changed 2.61% (26.81 pretest vs. 26.03 posttest). Results also revealed that there were significant differences between fat percent, (P = 0.001) and VO2 max (P = 0.001), but there was no difference between BMI of subjects in pre and posttests (P = 0.452). Findings of this study signify that an implementation of short-term intervention components in the school system may have a beneficial effect on body-fat percentage and cardiovascular fitness of overweight/obese children.

Language Parameters in Written Compositions of Nine Year Old Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rubin, Rosalyn; Buium, Nissan

The purpose of this study was to develop a foundation for reliable and effective measurement of significant parameters in the development of written language skills in school age children. The subjects for the study were 25 nine-year-old children, 12 boys and 13 girls, who were randomly selected from among 1,559 participants. The findings…

Variability of Physical Activity Patterns by Type of Day and Season in 8-10-Year-Old Boys

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rowlands, Ann V.; Hughes, Dylan R.

2006-01-01

The aims of this study were to: (a) compare physical activity across two seasons and, within those seasons, across school and vacation time, and (b) compare the proportion of children meeting the activity thresholds recommended by Tudor-Locke et al. (2004) at each time point. Thirty-six boys, between the ages of 8 and 10 years (M age = 8.8 years,…

Effects of a 12-Week Physical Activity Protocol Delivered by YMCA After-School Counselors (Youth Fit for Life) on Fitness and Self-Efficacy Changes in 5-12-Year-Old Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Annesi, James J.; Westcott, Wayne L.; Faigenbaum, Avery D.; Unruh, Jennifer L.

2005-01-01

To address reduced physical education (PE) in elementary schools, a 12-week physical activity protocol was tested on 5-12-year-old, primarily African American, girls (n = 226) and boys (n = 344) at 14 YMCA after-school care sites. The 3 times/week, 45-min session curriculum included cardiovascular, resistance, and flexibility training, in which…

Chiropractic management using a brain-based model of care for a 15-year-old adolescent boy with migraine headaches and behavioral and learning difficulties: a case report

PubMed Central

Kuhn, Kurt W.; Cambron, Jerrilyn

2013-01-01

Objective The purpose of this report is to describe chiropractic management, using a brain-based model of care, of a teen who had migraine headaches and several social and learning difficulties. Clinical features A 15-year-old adolescent boy with a chronic history of migraines and more than 10 years of learning and behavioral difficulties, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, and Tourette syndrome, presented for chiropractic care. Intervention and outcome The patient received spinal manipulation and was given home physical coordination activities that were contralateral to the side of the involved basal ganglia and ipsilateral to the involved cerebellum, along with interactive metronome training. Quantitative changes were noted in neurological soft signs, tests of variables of attention Conners’ Parent Rating Scale, the California Achievement Test, grade point, and reduction of medications. The patient reported qualitative improvements in tics, attention, reading, vision, health, relationships with his peers and his family, and self-esteem. Conclusion The patient with migraine headaches and learning difficulties responded well to the course of chiropractic care. This study suggests that there may be value in a brain-based model of care in the chiropractic management of conditions that are beyond musculoskeletal in nature. PMID:24396330

Electronic screen use and mental well-being of 10-12-year-old children.

PubMed

Yang, Fei; Helgason, Asgeir R; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Kristjansson, Alfgeir Logi

2013-06-01

Today's children spend a great deal of time viewing electronic screen material, but the consequences of such behaviors, if any, are unknown. This study sought to identify (i) the magnitude of total daily electronic screen time and (ii) the relations between electronic screen use and mental well-being indicators, in a sample of 10-12-year-old children. We analysed cross-sectional, population-based data of 10-12-year-old children from the 2007 Youth in Iceland school survey (n = 10,829, response rate: 81.7%, boys: 50.5%). Logistic regression models with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were conducted to assess the odds of each selected mental well-being indicator, depending on the number of daily hours spent on each electronic screen-based activity. All analyses were conducted separately for boys and girls and adjusted for family structure. The prevalence of self-reported screen use of 4 hours per day or more ranges from 2.8% to 6.6% among boys and from 1.0% to 3.8% among girls. All five screen-based activities were significantly associated with all seven well-being indicators (P < 0.001) with symptoms being more common with increased time spent on screen use. This study is the first of its kind to demonstrate a dose-response relationship between electronic screen use and mental well-being in 10-12-year-old children. Further research is needed to assess the validity and potential implications of these findings.

Temperament and parenting antecedents of individual differences in three-year-old boys' pride and shame reactions.

PubMed

Belsky, J; Domitrovich, C; Crnic, K

1997-06-01

To examine individual differences in pride and shame reactions of 3-year-olds and their temperamental and parenting antecedents, 110 boys were studied at ages 36 and 37 months in a "rigged" achievement situation. After being trained to complete explicitly stipulated "easy" and "difficult" tasks before a buzzer sounded, success and failure were manipulated by artificially "rigging" how much time the child had to work on these tasks. Children's facial, verbal, and postural reactions to success and failure were composited to create pride scores following success and shame scores following failure. As expected, pride reactions were greater following success on the difficult than on the easy task, and shame reactions were greater following failure on the easy than on the difficult task. Early temperament (at 12/13 months) proved unrelated to pride and shame. With respect to parenting, measurements composited across 15, 21, 27, and 33 months showed that mothers and fathers who were more positive in their parenting had children who displayed less pride, and that children whose parents (especially mothers) were more negative in their parenting evinced less shame. These counterintuitive findings are discussed in terms of differences between assessments of parenting obtained in this investigation of parenting antecedents and those obtained in other studies of parental responses in the achievement situation itself. Directions for future research are outlined.

West nile poliomyelitis in a 7-year-old child.

PubMed

Hainline, Margaret L; Kincaid, John C; Carpenter, Denise L; Golomb, Meredith R

2008-11-01

West Nile poliomyelitis is a well-described neurologic manifestation of West Nile viral infection in adults. However, few reports have described this manifestation in children infected with West Nile virus. We describe a 7-year-old boy who developed West Nile poliomyelitis with flaccid paralysis of his left leg. Electrodiagnostic testing and radiologic imaging confirmed anterior horn cell injury. We report on his course clinically and electrodiagnostically over 20 months.

Play Behavior in the Year-Old Infant: Early Sex Differences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldberg, Susan; And Others

The purpose of this study was to determine if sex differences were observable in 1-year-olds in response to their mother and in choice and style of play with toys. Thirty-two boys and thirty-two girls were put in separate rooms with several toys, several nontoys (door knobs, taped sockets, etc.) and their mothers. The infant's mother was to…

You Sing like a Girl? An Exploration of "Boyness" through the Treble Voice

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ashley, Martin

2006-01-01

In this paper, the notion of "doing boy" through performance is explored. The point is made that singing is a potential gender performance but the treble voice of the 8-year-old to 14-year-old boy is a biologically determined as well as socially constructed feature of young masculinity. A complication is the degree to which the boy's treble voice…

A novel KRT5 mutation associated with generalized severe epidermolysis bullosa simplex in a 2-year-old Chinese boy

PubMed Central

Zhang, Jia; Yan, Ming; Liang, Jianying; Li, Ming; Yao, Zhirong

2016-01-01

Mutations in keratin 5 (KRT5) or KRT14 genes are responsible for the most severe form of epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), which is EBS generalized severe (EBS-gen sev). To date, only four pathogenic mutations (p.Arg165Ser and p.Lys199Asn in KRT5; p.Arg125Cys and p.Arg125His in KRT14) have been reported to be responsible for EBS-gen sev in the Chinese population. In the present study, a 2-year-old Chinese boy was clinically suspected to suffer from EBS, and thus Sanger sequencing was performed in the extracted genomic DNA samples from the patient, his parents and 100 healthy controls. A novel de novo heterozygous missense mutation c.503A>G (p.Glu168Gly) located at the N-terminal end segment of the 1A domain in KRT5 was identified by molecular analysis. In silico analysis tools were used to predict the pathogenicity of the novel missense mutation. A diagnosis of EBS-gen sev was thus confirmed according to the clinical presentations and molecular results. PMID:27882080

CHILD syndrome in a boy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Happle, R.; Effendy, I., Megahed, M.; Orlow, S.J.

CHILD syndrome (congential hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects) occurs, as a rule, exclusively in girls because of the underlying X-linked gene exerts a lethal effect on male embryos. In this report the characteristic manifestations of CHILD syndrome are described in a 2-year-old boy with a normal chromosome constitution 46,XY. This exceptional case is best explained by the assumption of an early somatic mutation and thus compatible with the concept of X-linked dominant male-lethal inheritance of this trait. 18 refs., 6 figs.

A massive intestinal vaso-occlusive crisis or "girdle syndrome" in a 6-year-old boy observed as a first manifestation of sickle cell disease.

PubMed

Knorr, M; Bienemann, K; Walde, G; Kaufhold, A; Schündeln, M M

2014-11-01

Sickle cell disease is a chronic hematologic disease with variable but often severe systemic symptoms. In this report, we describe a 6-year-old boy presenting with acute bowel pseudo-obstruction. During this episode, previously undiagnosed sickle cell disease was discovered upon peripheral blood smear analysis. The condition was therefore interpreted as a massive intestinal vaso-occlusive crisis or "girdle syndrome". Conservative treatment with hydration therapy, analgesia and a manual partial exchange transfusion was initiated. The patient fully recovered within 5 days. Girdle syndrome is a rare but severe adverse event associated with sickle cell disease that must be considered as differential diagnosis in patients with sickle cell disease. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

An Investigation of Emotional Skills of Six-Year-Old Children Attending Nursery School According to Some Variables

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Durmusoglu-Saltali, Neslihan; Arslan, Emel

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study is for the emotional skills of six-year-old children attending nursery school according to some variables. The participants were 306 (135 girls and 171 boys) six-year-old children attending nursery school. Data were collected from Assessment of Children's Emotional Skills and personal information form. In order to analyze…

Levels of physical activity and sedentary time among 10- to 12-year-old boys and girls across 5 European countries using accelerometers: an observational study within the ENERGY-project.

PubMed

Verloigne, Maïté; Van Lippevelde, Wendy; Maes, Lea; Yıldırım, Mine; Chinapaw, Mai; Manios, Yannis; Androutsos, Odysseas; Kovács, Eva; Bringolf-Isler, Bettina; Brug, Johannes; De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse

2012-03-31

The study aim was to objectively assess levels of sedentary time, light, moderate and vigorous physical activity (PA) among 10-12 year olds across five European countries and to examine differences in sedentary time and PA according to gender and country. 686 children (mean age = 11.6 ± 0.8 years, 53% girls, mean BMI = 19.0 ± 3.4 kg/m(2)) from Belgium, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands and Switzerland wore Actigraph accelerometers and had at least 2 weekdays with minimum 10 h-wearing time and 1 weekend day with minimum 8 h-wearing time. Data were analyzed using multivariate analyses of covariance. Girls spent significantly more time sedentary (500 minutes/day) than boys (474 minutes/day) and significantly less time in light (267 minutes/day) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (32 minutes/day) than boys (284 minutes/day; 43 minutes/day respectively; p < 0.001). 4.6% of the girls and 16.8% of the boys met moderate-to-vigorous PA recommendations of at least 60 minutes/day. Greek boys were more sedentary (510 minutes/day; all at p < 0.05) than other boys. Dutch girls were less sedentary (457 minutes/day; all at p < 0.05) than other girls. Swiss girls displayed more moderate-to-vigorous PA (43 minutes/day; at p < 0.05) than other girls. Large proportions of children across different European countries did not meet PA recommendations and spent a lot of time sedentary. Mean time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA was significantly lower than the recommended 60 minutes. Obesity prevention programmes focusing on both decreasing sedentary time and increasing light, moderate and vigorous PA are needed for European children, particularly girls.

Neotropical echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus vogeli in a 6-year-old child: the second case report in humans in French Guiana.

PubMed

Debourgogne, Anne; Blanchet, Denis; Fior, Angela; Umhang, Gérald; Simon, Stéphane; Aznar, Christine

2017-02-01

Human polycystic echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus vogeli which occurs in rural areas of Central and South America. Abdominal echinococcosis caused by E. vogeli is reported for the first time in a child, a 6-year-old boy in French Guiana. The diagnosis was made by histological and molecular techniques. In tropical regions, this neglected disease must be considered even in children.

Cardiovascular fitness in obese versus nonobese 8-11-year-old boys and girls.

PubMed

Mastrangelo, M Alysia; Chaloupka, Edward C; Rattigan, Peter

2008-09-01

The purpose of this study was to compare cardiovascular fitness between obese and nonobese children. Based on body mass index, 118 were classified as obese (boys [OB] = 62, girls [OG] = 56), while 421 were nonobese (boys [NOB] = 196, girls [NOG] = 225). Cardiovascular fitness was determined by a 1-mile [1.6 km] run/walk (MRW) and estimated peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and analyzed using two-way analyses of variance (Gender x Obese/Nonobese). MRW times were significantly faster (p < .05) for the NOB (10 min 34 s) compared to the OB (13 min 8 s) and the NOG (13 min 15 s.) compared to the OG (14 min 44 s.). Predicted VO2peak values (mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) were significantly higher (p < .05) for the NOB (48.29) compared to the OB (41.56) and the NOG (45.99) compared to the OG (42.13). MRW was compared between obese and nonobese participants on the President's Challenge (2005), the National Children and Youth Fitness Study, and FITNESSGRAM HFZ standards. The nonobese boys and girls scored higher on all three, exhibiting better cardiovascular fitness as compared to obese counterparts.

Positive Oct -3/4 and D2-40 Immunohistochemical Expression in Germ Cells and Suspected Histology Pattern of Intratubular Germ Cell Neoplasia in Boys with Cryptorchidism Vanish after the Age of 2 Years.

PubMed

Thorup, Jorgen; Clasen-Linde, Erik; Cortes, Dina

2017-08-01

Introduction  Intratubular germ cell neoplasia (ITGCN) is a precursor to testicular germ cell cancer. Adult germ cell cancer immunohistochemical markers may fail to detect ITGCN in prepubertal boys with congenital cryptorchidism, because positive immunohistochemistry is commonly seen in boys younger than the age of 2 years, where most orchiopexies are performed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic challenge to differentiate between a histological pattern of ITGCN and a histological pattern with some atypical germ cells and all positive cancer immunohistochemical markers, but no increased risk of malignancy. Materials and Methods  Histology sections from 373 testicular biopsies from 289 boys aged 1 month to 2 years operated for cryptorchidism were incubated with primary antibodies including anti-placental-like-alkaline phosphatase, antiOct-3/4, anti-C-kit, anti-D2-40, and in case of repeat biopsy with anti-stem cell factor (SCF) receptor. Results  The prevalence of Oct-3/4 and D2-40-positive staining of germ cells in testicular biopsies were in age groups less than 6 months, 100% and 50%; 6-12 months, 60% and 17%; and 1-2 years, 12% and 4%. A 1 year, 1-month-old boy with Prader-Willi syndrome treated with growth hormone had ITGCN in both cryptorchid testes. In another three bilateral nonsyndromic cases, 8 months, 8 months and 1-year-old, a histological pattern in accordance with ITGCN was found. These three boys had a repeat biopsy from both testes performed at the age of 3 years, 4 months, 3.5 years, and 3 years, 10months, respectively. In all cases, the Oct-3/4 and D2-40 positive germ cells turned negative and the histological pattern normalized completely. The primary biopsies had SCF negative germ cells. Conclusion  This study is valuable in identifying the age-related change in Oct-3/4 or D2-40 immunopositive germ cells in seminiferous tubules. An ITGCN-like histological pattern in nonsyndromic cryptorchidism will vanish after the

[Status of penis and testicular development and effects of overweight/obesity on them in boys in the Zhengzhou area].

PubMed

Zhang, Yao-Dong; Tan, Li-Na; Luo, Shu-Ying; Chen, Yong-Xing; Wei, Hai-Yan

2015-01-01

To evaluate the current status of penis and testicular development in boys and the effects of overweight/obesity on their development in the Zhengzhou area of Henan Province. Height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, penis length and testicular volume were measured in 3 546 4 to 12-year-old boys. The penis length and testicular volume were compared between the overweight/obesity and normal weight groups. Before 9 years of age, the testicular volume was progressively smaller, and after 9 years old, it gradually increased. By the age of 11, it increased rapidly. The penis length increased gradually between 4 and 11 years of age, and after the age of 11 it increased rapidly. Phimosis was found in 144 cases (4.01%) and cryptorchidism was found in 18 cases (0.51%). A total of 639 (18.02%) boys were overweight or obese among 3 546 boys. At the ages of 6 and 7 years, the testicular volume in the overweight/obesity group was greater than in the normal control group (P<0.05). The penis length in the overweight/obesity group was significantly shorter than in the normal control group (P<0.05) by the age of 11 years. The correlation analysis showed that the testicular volume at the ages of 4 and 5 years was positively correlated with height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and hip circumference in overweight/obese boys. The penis length at the ages of 7 and 8 years was negatively correlated with weight, waist circumference and hip circumference. By the age of 12 years, the penis length was positively correlated with the height. The development of penis and testicles in boys in the Zhengzhou area is in line with the level of sex development of Chinese boys. Overweight/obesity adversely affects the development of penis and testicles.

Spirituality, Happiness, and Psychological Well-being in 13- to 15-year olds: A Cross-country Longitudinal RCT Study.

PubMed

Pandya, Samta P

2017-03-01

Based on a study of 5339 adolescents from 60 schools across 15 countries, this paper reports on the effect of spirituality on their happiness and psychological well-being. A customized spiritual program was administered and post-treatment outcome variable scores of the experimental group were higher. Adolescents from relatively affluent nations, boys, Christians, and those who self-practiced scored higher post-test. This makes a case for nominating spirituality as an important developmental variable for 13- to 15-year olds.

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report of a 11-Year-Old Child.

PubMed

Tandon, Sandeep; Chauhan, Yashwant; Sharma, Meenakshi; Jain, Manish

2016-01-01

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), is an autosomal dominant trait caused due to mutations in the patched tumor suppressor gene (PTCH) gene found on the long arm of chromosome 9. The syndrome is characterized by the presence of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), basal cell carcinomas, and skeletal malformations. Early diagnosis of the syndrome can be done by pedodontist as OKC is one of the early manifestations of the syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for long-term prognosis of the syndrome by reducing the severity of cutaneous carcinomas and deformities due to jaw cyst. The present case describes an 11-year-old patient with some typical features of NBCCS, which were diagnosed through its oral and maxillofacial manifestations. This case emphasizes the importance of pedodontist in early recognition of the syndrome. Tandon S, Chauhan Y, Sharma M, Jain M. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report of a 11-Year-Old Child. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):264-268.

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report of a 11-Year-Old Child

PubMed Central

Tandon, Sandeep; Chauhan, Yashwant; Jain, Manish

2016-01-01

Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome, also known as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS), is an autosomal dominant trait caused due to mutations in the patched tumor suppressor gene (PTCH) gene found on the long arm of chromosome 9. The syndrome is characterized by the presence of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs), basal cell carcinomas, and skeletal malformations. Early diagnosis of the syndrome can be done by pedodontist as OKC is one of the early manifestations of the syndrome. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for long-term prognosis of the syndrome by reducing the severity of cutaneous carcinomas and deformities due to jaw cyst. The present case describes an 11-year-old patient with some typical features of NBCCS, which were diagnosed through its oral and maxillofacial manifestations. This case emphasizes the importance of pedodontist in early recognition of the syndrome. How to cite this article Tandon S, Chauhan Y, Sharma M, Jain M. Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome: A Rare Case Report of a 11-Year-Old Child. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2016;9(3):264-268. PMID:27843260

Low fundamental movement skill proficiency is associated with high BMI and body fatness in girls but not boys aged 6-11 years old.

PubMed

Duncan, Michael J; Bryant, Elizabeth; Stodden, David

2017-11-01

This study examined differences in children's body mass index (BMI) and body fatness (BF%) as a function of gender and fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency. Following ethics approval and parental consent, 248, 6-11 year-old children (112 boys, 136 girls) underwent assessment of 7 FMS: sprint run, side gallop, hop, kick, catch, throw and vertical jump. FMS tertiles ("high", "medium" or "low" FMS) were created based on the summed components of the FMS. Skinfold measures were used to calculate BF%. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using pedometry and maturation predicted using anthropometry. Data were analysed using a 2 (Gender) × 3 (FMS tertile) ways analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), controlling for age, maturation and PA. Age (P = .001) and maturation (P = .006) were associated with BMI. Girls classified as high FMS proficiency had significantly lower BMI compared to girls with low and medium FMS proficiency. Age (P = .0001) and maturation (P = .007) were associated with BF%. BF% was also higher for girls with low FMS compared to those with medium and high FMS. BF% and BMI were not different across FMS tertile in boys. Such findings suggest focusing on FMS may be especially important for healthy weight, particularly in girls.

Development of an Age Band on the ManuVis for 3-Year-Old Children with Visual Impairments.

PubMed

Reimer, A M; Barsingerhorn, A D; Overvelde, A; Nijhuis-Van der Sanden, M W G; Boonstra, F N; Cox, R F A

2017-08-01

To compare fine motor performance of 3-year-old children with visual impairment with peers having normal vision, to provide reference scores for 3-year-old children with visual impairment on the ManuVis, and to assess inter-rater reliability. 26 children with visual impairment (mean age: 3 years 7 months (SD 3 months); 17 boys) and 28 children with normal vision (mean age: 3 years 7 months (SD 4 months); 14 boys) participated in the study. The ManuVis age band for 3-year-old children comprised two one-handed tasks, two two-handed tasks, and a pre-writing task. Children with visual impairment needed more time on all tasks (p < .01) and performed the pre-writing task less accurately than children with normal vision (p < .001). Children aged 42-47 months performed significantly faster on two tasks and had better total scores than children aged 36-41 months (p < .05). Inter-rater reliability was excellent (Intra-class Correlation Coefficient = 0.96-0.99). The ManuVis age band for 3-year-old children is appropriate to assess fine motor skills, and is sensitive to differences between children with visual impairment and normal vision and between half-year age groups. Reference scores are provided for 3-year-old children with visual impairment to identify delayed fine motor development.

Measuring Implicit Attitudes of 4-Year-Olds: The Preschool Implicit Association Test

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cvencek, Dario; Greenwald, Anthony G.; Meltzoff, Andrew N.

2011-01-01

The Preschool Implicit Association Test (PSIAT) is an adaptation of an established social cognition measure (IAT) for use with preschool children. Two studies with 4-year-olds found that the PSIAT was effective in evaluating (a) attitudes toward commonly liked objects ("flowers"="good") and (b) gender attitudes ("girl"="good" or "boy"="good"). The…

[Physical growth trend of Chinese children under 7 years old, in 1975 - 2005].

PubMed

Li, Hui; Zhang, Ya-qin; Zhu, Zong-han

2009-03-01

To analyze the physical growth changes in Chinese children aged from 0 to 7 years old during the past 30 years. Four national physical growth surveys of the children under 7 years old were undertaken in the same urban and suburban areas of nine main cities in China from 1975 to 2005. The nine cities were Beijing, Harbin and Xi'an in the northern part; Shanghai, Nanjing and Wuhan in the central part; Guangzhou, Fuzhou and Kunming in the southern part of China. Random cluster sampling method was used. The children aged from 0 to 7 years old were classified into 22 groups by age. The sample size was ranged from 150 to 200 persons for each sex-age group in each area (urban/rural) of each city. Totally, 158 400, 152 874, 157 362 and 138 775 healthy children were examined in 1975, 1985, 1995 and 2005 respectively. The data of weight, height, chest and head circumference obtained from these surveys were analyzed. Average weight and height in most of the age groups for both boys and girls from urban and suburban rural areas has been significantly improved during the past 30 years, the average increments of weight were 0.76 kg to 1.14 kg in 12 - 15 months group and 2.58 kg to 3.26 kg in 6 - 7 years group; and the average increments of height were 2.7 cm to 3.8 cm in 12 - 15 months group and 5.0 cm to 7.6 cm in 6 - 7 years group. Chest circumference did not show an increase in infants younger than 4 months and increased slightly after 4 months. The average increments of head circumference were 0.1 cm to 1.0 cm. From 1975 to 2005, the increments of weight and height per 10 years was in an increasing trend, e.g. weight increments of 5 - 6 years old were 0.58 kg, 1.02 kg and 1.67 kg and the height increments were 1.5 cm, 2.0 cm and 2.6 cm for every 10 years. The urban-rural difference in height has become smaller, the height difference in 6 - 7 years group for boys was decreased from 4.9 cm in 1975 to 2.6 cm in 2005. The weight has become smaller in children under 3 years old

Successful Aging in a 70-Year-Old Man with Down Syndrome: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Krinsky-McHale, Sharon J.; Devenny, Darlynne A.; Gu, Hong; Jenkins, Edmund C.; Kittler, Phyllis; Murty, Vundavalli V.; Schupf, Nicole; Scotto, Luigi; Tycko, Benjamin; Urv, Tiina K.; Ye, Lingling; Zigman, Warren B.; Silverman, Wayne

2008-01-01

The authors present a case study of a 70-year-old man with Down syndrome ("Mr. C.") who they followed for 16 years and who does not exhibit declines in cognitive or functional capacities indicative of dementia, despite having well-documented, complete trisomy 21. The authors describe the age-associated changes that occurred over 16 years as well…

Double half-cone flap umbilicoplasty for proboscoid umbilical hernia in a 2 years old child with satisfactory results 2 years later.

PubMed

Ashu, Eseme Ebai; Leroy, Guifo Marc; Aristide, Bang Guy; Joss, Bitang Mafok Louis; Bonaventure, Jemea; Patrick, Savom Eric; Myriam, Fotso Guegne

2015-01-01

Surgical repair of large umbilical hernias may present a challenging surgical problem; standard surgical techniques have proven to be inadequate for both closing the fascial defect of the umbilicus and providing a satisfactory cosmetic result. We describe here a case of double half-cone flap umbilicoplasty that was performed in a 2 years old boy. The case of a 2 years old child with proboscoid umbilical hernia. The protruding umbilical skin was excised sharply by two V-shaped cuts leaving two half cones, a short cephalic (0.5cm) and a long caudal (1cm). A classic herniotomy was carried out, with repair of the facial defect. The caudal half cone was sutured from its apex till half it's length upon itself with interrupted sutures and it was anchored deeply to the fascia. Then we inverted the cephalic half cone which was sutured to the caudal cone to form the new umbilicus. The early result was excellent with no complications and the result after 2years revealed a cosmetically satisfactory shape of the umbilicus. this technique provides a good solution for reconstruction of the protruding umbilical skin and it is easy to learn, easy to be taught and perform in surgical environments and may be applicable for any kind of umbilical reconstruction.

Double half-cone flap umbilicoplasty for proboscoid umbilical hernia in a 2 years old child with satisfactory results 2 years later

PubMed Central

Ashu, Eseme Ebai; Leroy, Guifo Marc; Aristide, Bang Guy; Joss, Bitang Mafok Louis; Bonaventure, Jemea; Patrick, Savom Eric; Myriam, Fotso Guegne

2015-01-01

Surgical repair of large umbilical hernias may present a challenging surgical problem; standard surgical techniques have proven to be inadequate for both closing the fascial defect of the umbilicus and providing a satisfactory cosmetic result. We describe here a case of double half-cone flap umbilicoplasty that was performed in a 2 years old boy. The case of a 2 years old child with proboscoid umbilical hernia. The protruding umbilical skin was excised sharply by two V-shaped cuts leaving two half cones, a short cephalic (0.5cm) and a long caudal (1cm). A classic herniotomy was carried out, with repair of the facial defect. The caudal half cone was sutured from its apex till half it's length upon itself with interrupted sutures and it was anchored deeply to the fascia. Then we inverted the cephalic half cone which was sutured to the caudal cone to form the new umbilicus. The early result was excellent with no complications and the result after 2years revealed a cosmetically satisfactory shape of the umbilicus. this technique provides a good solution for reconstruction of the protruding umbilical skin and it is easy to learn, easy to be taught and perform in surgical environments and may be applicable for any kind of umbilical reconstruction. PMID:26664545

Malignant phyllodes tumor in an 11-year-old girl with fatal clinical outcome. A case report.

PubMed

Hassan, Sidra; Ud Din, Nasir; Kayani, Naila

2016-01-27

Phyllodes tumors are rare biphasic tumors occur predominantly in middle aged women. Malignant phyllodes tumor in children is very rare. To report a case of malignant phyllodes tumor in a pre-menarchal girl. H&E slides of the case were reviewed and follow up was obtained. The patient was 11-year-old girl who noticed a lump in her right breast 1 year back which grew rapidly in size. Wide local excision of the mass was done and histopathology revealed a malignant phyllodes tumor. Patient underwent mastectomy one month later due to recurrence. Two years later, she presented with dyspnea and chest pain. CT showed lung metastasis. The patient died of disease 1 year later due to widespread metastasis in liver and bone. We report a case of malignant phyllodes tumor in an 11-year-old girl, which behaved aggressively and patient died of disease due to widespread metastases 3 years after diagnosis.

Childhood Trauma and Multiple Personality Disorder: The Case of a 9-Year-Old Girl.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

LaPorta, Lauren D.

1992-01-01

This paper reports the case of a nine-year-old female victim of sexual abuse, evaluated and diagnosed with multiple personality disorder over a six-month period. Included is a description of the child's presentation with historical and developmental data. A discussion of the dynamic and predisposing features of the case follows, along with…

Motor Development: Exploring the Motor Competence of 4-Year-Old Norwegian Children.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sigmundsson, Hermundur; Rostoft, Marianne Stolan

2003-01-01

Studied motor competence in 4-year-old children in Norway and tested 91 children using the Movement ABC test. Most striking was that only 1 of the 91 would be classified as "clumsy" within the fifth percentile of U.S. norms, and 7 children were "borderline." Seven of these eight children were boys. (SLD)

Knowledge of Love: Narratives of Romance Told by 12-Year-Old Children

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haldar, Marit

2013-01-01

This article reports research on young people's conceptualisations of love and romance through a gender perspective. The data are stories written by 12-year-old girls and boys in Norway who were asked to fantasise about their future love life. Their narratives are explored through discourse analysis and semiotics and analysed within a sociological…

Language Development in a 3-Year-Old Boy with Prader-Willi Syndrome

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Atkin, Keith; Lorch, Marjorie Perlman

2007-01-01

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder which has widespread developmental consequences including motor, cognitive and language delay. Previous research on PWS children has focused primarily on phonological development and dysfluency. In the present study, the lexical development of a boy with PWS was investigated in a series of 18 play…

Ward's area location, physical activity, and body composition in 8- and 9-year-old boys and girls.

PubMed

Cardadeiro, Graça; Baptista, Fátima; Zymbal, Vera; Rodrigues, Luís A; Sardinha, Luís B

2010-11-01

Bone strength is the result of its material composition and structural design, particularly bone mass distribution. The purpose of this study was to analyze femoral neck bone mass distribution by Ward's area location and its relationship with physical activity (PA) and body composition in children 8 and 9 years of age. The proximal femur shape was defined by geometric morphometric analysis in 88 participants (48 boys and 40 girls). Using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images, 18 landmarks were digitized to define the proximal femur shape and to identify Ward's area position. Body weight, lean and fat mass, and bone mineral were assessed by DXA, PA by accelerometry, and bone age by the Tanner-Whitehouse III method. Warps analysis with Thin-Plate Spline software showed that the first axis explained 63% of proximal femur shape variation in boys and 58% in girls. Most of this variation was associated with differences in Ward's area location, from the central zone to the superior aspect of the femoral neck in both genders. Regression analysis demonstrated that body composition explained 4% to 7% of the proximal femur shape variation in girls. In boys, body composition variables explained a similar amount of variance, but moderate plus vigorous PA (MVPA) also accounted for 6% of proximal femur shape variation. In conclusion, proximal femur shape variation in children ages 8 and 9 was due mainly to differences in Ward's area position determined, in part, by body composition in both genders and by MVPA in boys. These variables were positively associated with a central Ward's area and thus with a more balanced femoral neck bone mass distribution. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Prevalence and severity of dental caries among 18-year-old Lithuanian adolescents.

PubMed

Žemaitienė, Miglė; Grigalauskienė, Rūta; Vasiliauskienė, Ingrida; Saldūnaitė, Kristina; Razmienė, Jaunė; Slabšinskienė, Eglė

2016-01-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of dental caries among 18-year-old Lithuanian adolescents and to disclose possible differences in the prevalence and severity of dental caries related to gender, urbanization, and different county. A total of 1063 18-year-old adolescents attending school, 427 boys and 636 girls from 10 Lithuanian counties including urban and rural areas, were included in the cross-sectional study on dental caries. The method of multistage cluster sampling was used. The dental examination was performed according to the methodology of oral status evaluation recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO). The prevalence of dental caries, DMFT score, Significant Caries Index, and dental care index were determined. The overall prevalence of dental caries among 18-year-old Lithuanian adolescents was 78.3%. The study population had a mean DMFT score of 2.93 [SD, 2.81]. Considering the gender, a higher DMFT score was observed among girls than boys (3.03 [SD, 2.88] versus 2.73 [SD, 2.71]) and in rural than urban areas (3.02 [SD, 2.98] versus 2.89 [SD, 2.73]). The Significant Caries Index and the dental care index among 18-year-old adolescents were 6.14 and 62.3%, respectively. This study showed a relatively high prevalence of dental caries. The existing differences of caries experience between the urban and the rural areas as well as between the counties could be influenced by the socioeconomic differences in the country. Copyright © 2016 The Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier Urban & Partner Sp. z o.o. All rights reserved.

Relationship between Malnutrition and the Number of Permanent Teeth in Filipino 10- to 13-Year-Olds

PubMed Central

Heinrich-Weltzien, Roswitha; Monse, Bella

2013-01-01

In the present study, we determined whether there is a delay in the eruption of permanent teeth (PT) among Filipino adolescents with stunting or thinness. Height, weight, and number of PT were recorded in 1554 Filipino 10- to 13-year-olds (711 boys; 843 girls). z-scores for height (HAZ) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated according to the WHO growth reference, and their correlations to the number of PT were assessed. 54.9% of the children have at least one form of malnutrition. Significantly, more boys (22.9%) than girls (16.5%) were thin, while no sex difference in stunting was noted (boys 48.5%; girls 44.0%). The number of PT was significantly correlated to HAZ and BMI-z-score. Stunted and thin students had significantly fewer PT than their nonaffected peers. These differences tended to be the result of delay in tooth eruption in thin and stunted adolescents. In 13-year-old girls, all PT were erupted regardless of their nutritional status indicating a catch-up. Thin and stunted boys had one tooth less than normal boys at this age. Impaired physical growth and dental development seem to have common risk factors. Therefore, regular monitoring of growth and dental development might be helpful for targeting support programmes in developing countries. PMID:24069590

[Argentine norms for the 16 PF test taken by subjects 17 to 20 years old].

PubMed

Rodríquez Feijoo, N

1981-07-01

This test was administered to a sample of 314 17 years old Argentine subjects (157 boy and 157 girls), and to another sample of 240 Argentine subjects, consisting of 127 boys and 113 girls of 20 years of age. Means, standard deviations and percentile ranks for both samples were obtained. To compare groups of different sex and age test of significance for mean differences of independent samples were applied. Boys obtained scores significantly higher than girls, without taking into consideration the age, in Factors C (lower ego strength-higher ego strength), E (submissiveness-dominance), H (threctia-parmia), Q1 (conservativism of temperament-radicalism) and Q3 (low self-sentiment integration - high strength of self sentiment). Contrarywise, girl showed scores significantly higher than boys of the same age in factors I (harria-premsia), N (artlessness-shrewdness), O (untroubled adequacy-guilt proneness) and Q4 (low ergic tension-high ergic tension).

Maternal Prenatal Nutrition and Birth Outcomes on Malnutrition among 7- to 10-Year-Old Children: A 10-Year Follow-Up.

PubMed

Zhou, Jing; Zeng, Lingxia; Dang, Shaonong; Pei, Leilei; Gao, Wenlong; Li, Chao; Yan, Hong

2016-11-01

To identify postnatal predictors of malnutrition among 7- to 10-year-old children and to assess the long-term effects of antenatal micronutrient supplementation on malnutrition. A follow-up study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of 7- to 10-year-olds (1747 children) whose mothers participated in a cluster-randomized double-blind controlled trial from 2002 to 2006. The rate of malnourished 7- to 10-year-olds was 11.1%. A mixed-effects logistic regression model adjusted for the cluster-sampling design indicated that mothers with low prepregnant midupper arm circumference had boys with an increased risk of thinness (aOR  2.05, 95% CI  1.11, 3.79) and girls who were more likely to be underweight (aOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.05, 3.85). Antenatal micronutrient supplementation was not significantly associated with malnutrition. Low birth weight was significantly associated with increased odds of malnutrition among boys (aOR 4.34, 95% CI 1.82, 10.39) and girls (aOR  7.50, 95% CI 3.48, 16.13). Being small for gestational age significantly increased the odds of malnutrition among boys (aOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.01, 3.04) and girls (aOR 4.20, 95% CI  2.39, 7.39). In addition, household wealth, parental height, being picky eater, and illness frequency also predicted malnutrition. Both maternal prenatal nutrition and adverse birth outcomes are strong predictors of malnutrition among early school-aged children. Currently, available evidence is insufficient to support long-term effects of antenatal micronutrient supplementation on children's nutrition. www.isrctn.com: ISRCTN08850194. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Waist circumference in 6-12-year-old children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP).

PubMed

Fredriksen, Per Morten; Skår, Angelica; Mamen, Asgeir

2018-05-01

With overweight and obesity increasing worldwide, it has become ever more important to monitor the development and distribution of adiposity in children. This study investigated how the measurements of waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in children 6-12 years old relate to earlier studies. In 2015, 2271 children (boys, n = 1150) were measured for height, weight, and WC. Parental education level was used as a measure of socioeconomic status. A significant increase in WC with age was revealed for both sexes ( p < .0001). Boys at 10 and 12 years had a larger WC than girls; otherwise no difference between sexes was found. The WHtR decreased with age for girls ( p < .0001); 14% of the sample displayed a WHtR ≥ 0.50. Comparison with earlier studies showed a higher WC and WHtR despite no change in weight and body mass index. WC and WHtR are recommended as tools for identifying central obesity in children. The results indicate increased WC in 6-12-year-old children compared with earlier findings.

Salivary cortisol and testosterone responses to resistance and plyometric exercise in 12- to 14-year-old boys.

PubMed

Klentrou, Panagiota; Giannopoulou, Angeliki; McKinlay, Brandon J; Wallace, Phillip; Muir, Cameron; Falk, Bareket; Mack, Diane

2016-07-01

This study examined changes in salivary testosterone and cortisol following resistance and plyometric exercise protocols in active boys. In a crossover experimental design, 26 peri-pubertal (12- to 14-year-old) soccer players performed 2 exercise trials in random order, on separate evenings, 1 week apart. Each trial included a 30 min control session followed by 30 min of either resistance or plyometric exercise. Saliva was collected at baseline, post-control (i.e., pre-exercise), and 5 and 30 min post-exercise. There were no significant differences in the baseline hormone concentrations between trials or between weeks (p > 0.05). A significant effect for time was found for testosterone (p = 0.02, [Formula: see text] = 0.14), which increased from pre-exercise to 5 min post-exercise in both the resistance (27% ± 5%) and plyometric (12% ± 6%) protocols. Cortisol decreased to a similar extent in both trials (p = 0.009, [Formula: see text] = 0.19) from baseline to post-control and then to 5 min post-exercise, following its typical circadian decrease in the evening hours. However, a significant protocol-by-time interaction was observed for cortisol, which increased 30 min after the plyometrics (+31% ± 12%) but continued to decrease following the resistance protocol (-21% ± 5%). Our results suggest that in young male athletes, multiple modes of exercise can lead to a transient anabolic state, thus maximizing the beneficial effects on growth and development, when exercise is performed in the evening hours.

Beneficial effect of phosphatidylcholine supplementation in alleviation of hypomania and insomnia in a Chinese bipolar hypomanic boy and a possible explanation to the effect at the genetic level.

PubMed

Rao, Shitao; Lam, Marco H B; Wing, Yun Kwok; Yim, Larina C L; Chu, Winnie C W; Yeung, Venus S Y; Waye, Mary M Y

2015-01-01

Recent studies indicated that supplementation of phosphatidylcholine has been found to be beneficial for psychiatric diseases and Diacylglycerol Kinase, Eta (DGKH) protein was involved in regulating the metabolism of phosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol. This study reported a case of a 16-year-old Chinese boy with bipolar hypomania symptoms receiving supplementation of phosphatidylcholine, and a genetic study of a risk variant of DGKH gene was performed in an attempt to provide an explanation for the potential beneficial effect of phosphatidylcholine supplementation. We described a case of a 16-year-old boy with bipolar disorder, who suffered from monthly episodes of insomnia accompanied by hypomania for 5 months despite adherence to medication. After supplementation of phosphatidylcholine, he returned to a normal sleeping pattern and recovered from hypomania symptoms for approximately 14 months. Furthermore, genotyping results showed that this boy carries the risk genotype (G/C) in DGKH variant rs77072822 (adjusted p-value = 0.025 after 2000 permutation tests). The 16-year-old boy appears to have benefited from the supplementation with phosphatidylcholine and recovered from hypomania symptoms. He carries a risk genotype in rs77072822 which lies in the first intron of DGKH gene that was mostly reported to be associated with bipolar disorder. Thus, this finding is consistent with the hypothesis that alleviating the phosphatidylcholine deficiencies might accompany with the risk variants of DGKH gene, which might improve the efficacies of such supplementation and design new treatment strategies for bipolar disorder. This study illustrated that a 16-year-old boy with hypomania symptoms responded well to supplementation of phosphatidylcholine and the boy carries a risk genotype in DGKH gene for bipolar disorder, which provides a possible explanation for the boy's beneficial effect at the genetic level.

Mathematical Ability of 10-Year-Old Boys and Girls: Genetic and Environmental Etiology of Typical and Low Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kovas, Yulia; Haworth, Claire M. A.; Petrill, Stephen A.; Plomin, Robert

2007-01-01

The genetic and environmental etiologies of 3 aspects of low mathematical performance (math disability) and the full range of variability (math ability) were compared for boys and girls in a sample of 5,348 children age 10 years (members of 2,674 pairs of same-sex and opposite-sex twins) from the United Kingdom (UK). The measures, which we…

Planning steps forward in development: in girls earlier than in boys.

PubMed

Unterrainer, Josef M; Ruh, Nina; Loosli, Sandra V; Heinze, Katharina; Rahm, Benjamin; Kaller, Christoph P

2013-01-01

The development of planning ability in children initially aged four and five was examined longitudinally with a retest-interval of 12 months using the Tower of London task. As expected, problems to solve straightforward without mental look-ahead were mastered by most, even the youngest children. Problems demanding look-ahead were more difficult and accuracy improved significantly with age and over time. This development was strongly moderated by sex: In contrast to coeval boys, four year old girls showed an impressive performance enhancement at age five, reaching the performance of six year olds, whereas four year old boys lagged behind and caught up with girls at the age of six, the typical age of school enrollment. This sex-specific development of planning was clearly separated from overall intelligence: young boys showed a steeper increase in raw intelligence scores than girls, whereas in the older groups scores developed similarly. The observed sex differences in planning development are evident even within a narrow time window of twelve months and may relate to differences in maturational trajectories for girls and boys in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Depressive Symptoms and Its Associated Factors in 13-Year-Old Urban Adolescents

PubMed Central

Bulhões, Cláudia; Ramos, Elisabete; Lindert, Jutta; Dias, Sónia; Barros, Henrique

2013-01-01

The available estimates reveal that 20–50% of adolescents report depressive symptoms, being one of the most prevalent health problems in adolescence. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a community sample of 13-year-old adolescents and identify associated features. Thirteen year-old adolescents attending private and public schools in Porto (n = 1,988, 52.2% females) were evaluated from October 2003 to June 2004 and completed a questionnaire including health behaviors and the Beck Depression Inventory II. A questionnaire on parents’ socio-demographics and clinical characteristics was sent home. Data were analyzed separately by sex. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using logistic regression. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 18.8% in girls and 7.6% in boys (p < 0.001). Boys with a family history of depression and girls with smoking habits had a significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms (OR = 2.18, 95%CI 1.00–4.71; OR = 2.34, 95%CI 1.46–3.76). Menarche at an early age significantly increased the risk of depressive symptoms. The characteristics most strongly associated with depressive symptoms were family history of depression among boys, tobacco consumption and an early age at menarche among girls. The high prevalence of depressive symptoms early in adolescence calls for the awareness of public health professionals. PMID:24129117

A boy with coeliac disease and obesity.

PubMed

Oso, Olumuyiwa; Fraser, Neil C

2006-05-01

To report the case of a 14-y-old boy with coeliac disease and obesity. A 14-y-old boy presented with episodic diarrhoea associated with eating spaghetti. His body mass index (BMI) at presentation was 37.2 kg/m2 (>99.9th centile). Both antigliadin and anti-endomysial antibodies were positive, and coeliac disease was diagnosed by jejunal biopsy. His diarrhoea ceased and the gliadin and endomysial antibodies disappeared after starting gluten-free diet. At 17 y, his BMI increased to 42.7 kg/m2 despite dietary support. Obesity in a child does not exclude the diagnosis of coeliac disease, especially if presenting with suggestive symptoms.

Case report of an 11-year-old child with a nonfunctional malignant pheochromocytoma.

PubMed

Holwitt, Dana; Neifeld, James; Massey, Gita; Lanning, David

2007-11-01

Pheochromocytoma is an unusual cause of surgical hypertension and is extremely rare in the pediatric population. We present a case of a hypertension-producing malignant pheochromocytoma in an 11-year-old, which was initially unresectable. The tumor responded partially to aggressive chemotherapy and was completely resected. This approach highlights the importance of multidisciplinary care for patients with large pheochromocytomas.

Mothering, Fathering, and Externalizing Behavior in Toddler Boys

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Verhoeven, Marjolein; Junger, Marianne; van Aken, Chantal; Dekovic, Maja; van Aken, Marcel A. G.

2010-01-01

This study examined the effects of reported maternal and paternal support, psychological control, and spanking on externalizing behavior of toddler boys. Questionnaires were administered to both parents of 104 two-parent families with a 3-year-old son. Both maternal and paternal psychological control was related to boys' externalizing behavior.…

A rare case of intraoral lipoma in a six year-old child: a case report

PubMed Central

Venkateswarlu, Meduri; Geetha, Paramkusam; Srikanth, Mandadi

2011-01-01

One type of soft tissue lesions of the oral cavity is lipoma, which is a kind of benign tumor composed of mature lipid cells. Although the lipoma presents as one of the most common mesenchymal neoplasms, most tend to develop on the trunk and proximal portions of the extremities. However, lipomas in the oral and maxillofacial region are much less frequent. Here we present a case of an intraoral lipoma in a six year-old child. PMID:21449215

Haemophilus influenzae type f meningitis in a previously healthy boy

PubMed Central

Ronit, Andreas; Berg, Ronan M G; Bruunsgaard, Helle; Plovsing, Ronni R

2013-01-01

Non-serotype b strains of Haemophilus influenzae are extremely rare causes of acute bacterial meningitis in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of acute bacterial meningitis in a 14-year-old boy, who was previously healthy and had been immunised against H influenzae serotype b (Hib). The causative pathogen was identified as H influenzae serotype f (Hif), and was successfully treated with ceftriaxone. An immunological evaluation revealed transient low levels of immunoglobulins but no apparent immunodeficiency was found 2 years after the clinical insult. PMID:23645639

Haemophilus influenzae type f meningitis in a previously healthy boy.

PubMed

Ronit, Andreas; Berg, Ronan M G; Bruunsgaard, Helle; Plovsing, Ronni R

2013-05-02

Non-serotype b strains of Haemophilus influenzae are extremely rare causes of acute bacterial meningitis in immunocompetent individuals. We report a case of acute bacterial meningitis in a 14-year-old boy, who was previously healthy and had been immunised against H influenzae serotype b (Hib). The causative pathogen was identified as H influenzae serotype f (Hif), and was successfully treated with ceftriaxone. An immunological evaluation revealed transient low levels of immunoglobulins but no apparent immunodeficiency was found 2 years after the clinical insult.

Progressive paralyzing sciatica revealing a pelvic pseudoaneurysm a year after hip surgery in a 12yo boy.

PubMed

Boulouis, Grégoire; Shotar, Eimad; Dangouloff-Ros, Volodia; Janklevicz, Pierre-Henri; Boddaert, Nathalie; Naggara, Olivier; Brunelle, Francis

2016-01-01

Identifying extra spinal causes of a lumbar radiculopathy or polyneuropathy can be a tricky diagnosis challenge, especially in children. Among them, traumatic or iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms of iliac arteries have been seldom reported, in adults' series. The authors report an unusual case of progressive paralyzing left sciatica and lumbar plexopathy in a 12 years old boy, 12 months after a pelvic osteotomy for bilateral hip luxation secondary to osteochondritis dissecans. Spine MRI and pelvic CT angiography revealed a giant internal iliac artery pseudoaneurysm, enclosed in a chronic hematoma. The patient was successfully treated with endovascular coil embolization, and subsequent surgical hematoma evacuation. However, three months after treatment, neurological recovery was incomplete. This case highlights the importance of a rapid and extensive diagnosis work up of all causes of lower limb radiculopathies in children, including pelvic arteries lesions especially after pelvic surgery to avoid therapeutic delays that may jeopardize the chances of neurological recovery. Copyright © 2015 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Unusual cause of chronic cough in a four-year-old cured by uvulectomy.

PubMed

Najada, Abdelhamid; Weinberger, Miles

2002-08-01

A 4-year-old boy had a history of persistent barking cough unresponsive to medical treatment since infancy. He described a feeling of something in his throat. When investigated by flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the only abnormality was the uvula resting in contact with the epiglottis. The cough was no longer present after uvulectomy. Copyright 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background This study aimed to assess the dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children and study the determinants of dental caries and dental erosion of these children. Methods The survey was performed from 2011 to 2012 with ethics approval. Stratified random sampling was adopted to select 12-year-old children in 7 primary schools in Hong Kong. The participating parents were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire concerning their children’s diet and oral health habits. The children were examined for caries status with WHO criteria by 3 calibrated examiners. Detection of dental erosion followed Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) criteria. Results A total of 704 children were recruited and 600 (316 boys, 53%) participated in the survey. There were 124 children (21%) with caries experience (DMFT > 0) and their DMFT was 0.34 ± 0.76. About half of their decay was unfilled (DT = 0.16 ± 0.52) The DMFT of girls and boys were 0.45 ± 0.89 and 0.23 ± 0.61, respectively (p = 0.001). Girls also had a higher DT (0.21 ± 0.62 compared with 0.11 ± 0.41, p = 0.013) and FT than boys (0.23 ± 0.63 compared with 0.12 ± 0.44, p = 0.016). Most children (75%) had at least some sign of erosion (BEWE > 0), but no severe erosion (BEWE = 3). Logistic regression showed girls who consumed soft drinks and took vitamin C supplements had higher caries risk. Dental erosion was more severe among the children who had caries experience and consumed fruit juice. Conclusions The 12-year-old Hong Kong children had low caries experience, and almost half of the decay was left untreated. Although severe erosion was not found, many children had early signs of erosion. PMID:24397565

Dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children.

PubMed

Zhang, Shinan; Chau, Alex Mh; Lo, Edward Cm; Chu, Chun-Hung

2014-01-08

This study aimed to assess the dental caries and erosion status of 12-year-old Hong Kong children and study the determinants of dental caries and dental erosion of these children. The survey was performed from 2011 to 2012 with ethics approval. Stratified random sampling was adopted to select 12-year-old children in 7 primary schools in Hong Kong. The participating parents were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire concerning their children's diet and oral health habits. The children were examined for caries status with WHO criteria by 3 calibrated examiners. Detection of dental erosion followed Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) criteria. A total of 704 children were recruited and 600 (316 boys, 53%) participated in the survey. There were 124 children (21%) with caries experience (DMFT > 0) and their DMFT was 0.34 ± 0.76. About half of their decay was unfilled (DT = 0.16 ± 0.52) The DMFT of girls and boys were 0.45 ± 0.89 and 0.23 ± 0.61, respectively (p = 0.001). Girls also had a higher DT (0.21 ± 0.62 compared with 0.11 ± 0.41, p = 0.013) and FT than boys (0.23 ± 0.63 compared with 0.12 ± 0.44, p = 0.016). Most children (75%) had at least some sign of erosion (BEWE > 0), but no severe erosion (BEWE = 3). Logistic regression showed girls who consumed soft drinks and took vitamin C supplements had higher caries risk. Dental erosion was more severe among the children who had caries experience and consumed fruit juice. The 12-year-old Hong Kong children had low caries experience, and almost half of the decay was left untreated. Although severe erosion was not found, many children had early signs of erosion.

Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy in a 5-week-old boy referred to the Child Protection Unit.

PubMed

Hawkrigg, Sharon; Johnson, Alice; Flynn, James; Thom, Graham; Wright, Helen

2014-06-01

We describe the case of a 5-week-old infant boy presenting with purpura and oedema to both hands and torso. He was otherwise well, with no antecedent history of illness or trauma. Laboratory investigations were within normal limits. A review by the Child Protection Unit was organised during his admission for consideration of inflicted trauma as a cause of the lesions; this was felt most unlikely. A clinical diagnosis, following a dermatology consultation, of acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy (AHO) was made. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health © 2013 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

Bone Density in Peripubertal Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neumeyer, Ann M.; Gates, Amy; Ferrone, Christine; Lee, Hang; Misra, Madhusmita

2013-01-01

We determined whether bone mineral density (BMD) is lower in boys with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than controls, and also assessed variables that may affect BMD in ASD. BMD was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 18 boys with ASD and 19 controls 8-14 years old. Boys with ASD had lower BMD Z-scores at the spine, hip and…

First reported case of intrachromosomal cryptic inv dup del Xp in a boy with developmental retardation.

PubMed

Dupont, Celine; Lebbar, Aziza; Teinturier, Cecile; Baverel, Françoise; Viot, Geraldine; Le Tessier, Dominique; Le Bozec, Jerome; Cuisset, Laurence; Dupont, Jean-Michel

2007-06-01

We report here on a 6-year-old boy referred to the laboratory for karyotyping and SHOX microdeletion testing. The most significant clinical findings in this boy were small stature, Madelung deformity, facial dysmorphism, mild mental retardation and behavioral problems. R-, G- and RTBG-banding chromosome analysis showed a normal male karyotype. Fine molecular characterization, by FISH, of terminal Xp microdeletion revealed an associated partial duplication. Further refinement of the molecular analysis indicated an inverted duplication of the Xp22.31-Xp22.32 (13.7 Mb) region including the STS, VCX-A and KAL1 genes, associated with a terminal Xp deletion Xp22.33-Xpter (3.6 Mb) encompassing the SHOX and ARSE genes. Such rearrangements have been characterized for other chromosomal pairs, but this is the first reported male patient involving the short arm of the X chromosome. Molecular analysis of the maternal and patient's microsatellite markers showed interchromatid mispairing leading to non-allelic homologous recombination to be the most likely mechanism underlying this rearrangement. This case highlights the importance of clinically driven FISH investigations in order to uncover cryptic micro-rearrangements. Copyright (c) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Hemosiderotic dermatofibroma mimicking melanoma in a 12-year-old boy: a case report.

PubMed

Acar, Emine Müge; Tad, Murat; Kilitci, Asuman; Kemeriz, Funda

2018-06-01

We report a case of hemosiderotic dermatofibroma presenting as a brown-black-colored nodule with peripheral extensions, which mimics melanoma. Histopathology showed completely benign features with no atypia or mitosis. Nodular extensions of childhood dermatofibromas may be related to the growth of the child not necessarily pointing to a malignant process.

[Intestinal occlusion by persistence of the omphalo-enteric conduct in a 10-year old child].

PubMed

Filip, F; Goţia, D G; Aprodu, S G; Vlad, A; Savu, A; Savu, B; Bejenaru, T

2000-01-01

The persistence of the omphalo-enteric conduct is a rare, but possible, cause of pathology in children. Haemorrhage and intestinal occlusion are the most frequent clinical presentations, usually in infants. We describe the case of a 10 year old boy, who was admitted in our department for what seemed first to be an acute appendicitis. During hospitalization, the clinical picture turned on to an intestinal occlusion, and the patient finally required surgery. We performed exploratory laparotomy and we discovered a mechanical occlusion by persistence of the omphalo-enteric conduct, which was treated according to standard protocols. The post-operative course was good, and the child was discharged 8 days after surgery. This case emphasizes that the persistence of the omphalo-enteric conduct should be sought as the source of symptoms in any child presenting with intestinal occlusion.

A Monte Carlo study on quantifying the amount of dose reduction by shielding the superficial organs of an Iranian 11-year-old boy

PubMed Central

Akhlaghi, Parisa; Hoseinian-Azghadi, Elie; Miri-Hakimabad, Hashem; Rafat-Motavalli, Laleh

2016-01-01

A method for minimizing organ dose during computed tomography examinations is the use of shielding to protect superficial organs. There are some scientific reports that usage of shielding technique reduces the surface dose to patients with no appreciable loss in diagnostic quality. Therefore, in this Monte Carlo study based on the phantom of a 11-year-old Iranian boy, the effect of using an optimized shield on dose reduction to body organs was quantified. Based on the impact of shield on image quality, lead shields with thicknesses of 0.2 and 0.4 mm were considered for organs exposed directly and indirectly in the scan range, respectively. The results showed that there is 50%–62% reduction in amounts of dose for organs located fully or partly in the scan range at different tube voltages and modeling the true location of all organs in human anatomy, especially the ones located at the border of the scan, range affects the results up to 49%. PMID:28144117

Four-year-olds' beliefs about how others regard males and females.

PubMed

Halim, May Ling; Ruble, Diane N; Tamis-LeMonda, Catherine S

2013-03-01

Children's awareness of how others evaluate their gender could influence their behaviours and well-being, yet little is known about when this awareness develops and what influences its emergence. The current study investigated culturally diverse 4-year-olds' (N = 240) public regard for gender groups and whether exposure to factors that convey status and highlight gender influenced it. Children were asked whether most people thought (i) girls or boys, and (ii) women or men, were better. Overall, children thought others more positively evaluated their own gender. However more TV exposure and, among girls only, more traditional parental division of housework predicted children stating that others thought boys were better, suggesting more awareness of greater male status. Children's public regard was distinct from their personal attitudes. © 2012 The British Psychological Society.

An unusual case of back pain: A large Pheochromocytoma in an 85 year old woman.

PubMed

Karumanchery, Roopa; Nair, Jagdish R; Hakeem, Abdul; Hardy, Robert

2012-01-01

Low back ache is a common complaint in the elderly and in the absence of red flag symptoms can be easily dismissed as benign. Pheochromocytoma presenting as back pain is unusual and to our knowledge, only two previous cases have been reported in the literature with back pain as the 'only' presenting symptom. We illustrate the case of an 85 year-old woman who presented with a 6 month history of back pain due to a very large Pheochromocytoma. This was incidentally picked up during a routine Lumbar spine plain radiograph and was noted to be a large Pheochromocytoma occupying the whole of the left abdomen. She required an open adrenalectomy to remove the large left adrenal tumour weighing 2.3 kg. Pheochromocytoma can present as a mimic of musculoskeletal conditions and hence due care should be exercised in assessing such presentations both in the young and elderly patients. Our patient is different from the other reported cases, as she is an 85 year-old and 'back pain' can be easily dismissed without investigating in such age groups, thereby missing serious conditions.

[Effect of fried bacon and parsley sauce on gastrointestinal symptoms in healthy old boys footballer].

PubMed

Grønbæk, Henning; Jensen, Mogens Pfeiffer

2012-12-03

Knowledge of the importance of diet on gastrointestinal function and symptoms is generally poorly. In recent years, The New Nordic Food Culture is suggested to have favourable effects. Unfortunally there are huge waiting lists at the most popular restaurants, so we investigated the more traditional "Nordic kitchen". There are no previous studies concerning intake of fried bacon and parsley sauce (FBPS) in healthy middle-aged footballers. Non-blinded, non-randomized, crossover study with a questionnaire survey of 18 healthy old boys footballers before and after FBPS intake. Ten players responded to the questionnaire, including one who was not exposed to FBPS. The median intake was 15 pieces of fried bacon (range 12-23), 1.5 dl parsley sauce (range 1-5 dl), and eight potatoes (range 6-30), but no dessert. We found a significantly increased stool frequency and a trend towards change in consistency compared to baseline. We found increased abdominal pain and a decrease in general well-being, but could not demonstrate any impact on complaints from the family. In otherwise healthy old boys footballers the FBPS diet has great impact on a range of gastrointestinal symptoms. FBPS affected stool frequency and abdominal pain, but caused no effect on family complaints. We cannot exclude a dose-response effect or a gender/age phenomenon; and we suggest supplemental dose-response studies and studies including women of all ages. Further, we recommend a detailed dietary assessment before referring patients with gastrointestinal symptoms for invasive procedures like colonoscopy or CT-scanning. none none.

Electronic screen use and selected somatic symptoms in 10-12 year old children.

PubMed

Taehtinen, Richard E; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Helgason, Asgeir R; Kristjansson, Alfgeir L

2014-10-01

Screen-based media use by children and adolescents has increased in recent years but the consequences of their use are not well understood. The objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive examination of the relationship between screen-based activities and a selection of single and multiple self-reported somatic symptoms in a large sample of 10-12 year old children. We use data from the population-based 2011 Youth in Iceland school survey (N=10,829, response rate: 84.5%, boys: 49.9%) that is conducted triennially in 5th-7th grades in all secondary schools in Iceland. Self-reported measures of common screen-based activities were hypothesized to predict the odds of dizziness, tremors, headaches, stomach aches, and multiple symptoms. In general the reported prevalence of symptoms increased with greater number of hours reported on screen based activity for boys and girls. This held for all individual screen activities as well as the cumulative measure of daily minutes spent on screen-based media and prevalence of one or more somatic symptoms. This study confirms previous findings and puts forth additional information concerning the relationship between the prevalence of electronic screen use and somatic symptoms in 10-12 year old children. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Reliability and validity of Yo-Yo tests in 9- to 16-year-old football players and matched non-sports active schoolboys.

PubMed

Póvoas, Susana C A; Castagna, Carlo; Soares, José M C; Silva, Pedro M R; Lopes, Mariana V M F; Krustrup, Peter

2016-10-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the test-retest reliability and construct validity of three age-adapted Yo-Yo intermittent tests in football players aged 9-16 years (n = 70) and in age-matched non-sports active boys (n = 72). Within 7 days, each participant performed two repetitions of an age-related intensity-adapted Yo-Yo intermittent test, i.e. the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery level 1 children's test for 9- to 11-year-olds; the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 for 12- to 13-year-olds and the Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 2 test for 14- to 16-year-olds. Peak heart rate (HRpeak) was determined for all tests. The distance covered in the tests was 57% (1098 ± 680 vs. 700 ± 272 m), 119% (2325 ± 778 vs. 1062 ± 285 m) and 238% (1743 ± 460 vs. 515 ± 113 m) higher (p ≤ .016), respectively for football-trained than for non-sports active boys aged 9-11, 12-13 and 14-16 years. The typical errors of measurement for Yo-Yo distance, expressed as a percentage of the coefficient of variation (confidence interval), were 11.1% (9.0-14.7%), 10.1% (8.1-13.7%) and 8.5% (6.7-11.7%) for football players aged 9-11, 12-13 and 14-16 years, respectively, with corresponding values of 9.3% (7.4-12.8%), 10.2% (8.1-14.0%) and 8.5% (6.8-11.3%) for non-sports active boys. Intraclass correlation coefficient values for test-retest were excellent in both groups (range: 0.844-0.981). Relative HRpeak did not differ significantly between the groups in test and retest. In conclusion, Yo-Yo intermittent test performances and HRpeak are reliable for 9- to 16-year-old footballers and non-sports active boys. Additionally, performances of the three Yo-Yo tests were seemingly better for football-trained than for non-sports active boys, providing evidence of construct validity.

Internet Gambling and Problem Gambling among 13 to 18 Year Old Adolescents in Iceland

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olason, Daniel Thor; Kristjansdottir, Elsa; Einarsdottir, Hafdis; Haraldsson, Haukur; Bjarnason, Geir; Derevensky, Jeffrey L.

2011-01-01

This study reports findings on Internet gambling and problem gambling among Icelandic youth. Participants were 1.537 13-18 year-old students, 786 boys and 747 girls. Results revealed that 56.6% had gambled at least once in the past 12 months and 24.3% on the Internet. Gender and developmental differences were found for Internet gambling, as boys…

Knowing right from wrong, but just not always feeling it: relations among callous-unemotional traits, psychopathological symptoms, and cognitive and affective morality judgments in 8- to 12-year-old boys.

PubMed

Feilhauer, Johanna; Cima, Maaike; Benjamins, Caroline; Muris, Peter

2013-12-01

The present research expands our understanding of cognitive and affective morality by exploring associations with callous-unemotional (CU) traits and externalizing symptoms. Participants were 46 8- to 12-year-old boys from the community who completed the Affective Morality Index, the Youth Self-Report, and the Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits. A pattern of results was found indicating that in particular the combination of high CU traits and high externalizing symptoms was associated with lack of affective morality, and an increased perceived likelihood of recommitting antisocial acts (recidivism). The implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Prevalence and geographic variation of abdominal obesity in 7- and 9-year-old children in Greece; World Health Organization Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative 2010.

PubMed

Hassapidou, Maria; Tzotzas, Themistoklis; Makri, Evangelia; Pagkalos, Ioannis; Kaklamanos, Ioannis; Kapantais, Efthymios; Abrahamian, Annet; Polymeris, Antonis; Tziomalos, Konstantinos

2017-01-28

In children, abdominal obesity is a better predictor of the presence of cardiovascular risk factors than body mass index (BMI)-defined obesity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of abdominal obesity in the Greek pediatric population and to assess the impact of residence on the prevalence of both BMI-defined and abdominal obesity. In the context of the Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, a national representative sample of 7.0-7.9 and 9.0-9.9-year-old children was evaluated (n = 2,531 and 2,700, respectively). Overweight and obesity according to BMI were estimated using both the WHO and International Obesity Task Force cut-off points. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist circumference/height ratio >0.5. The prevalence of abdominal obesity did not differ between 7-year-old boys and girls (25.2 and 25.3%, respectively; p = NS). Among 9-year-old children, abdominal obesity was more prevalent in boys than in girls (33.2 and 28.2%, respectively; p = 0.005). Among normal weight and overweight children, the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 1.6-6.8 and 21.8-49.1%, respectively. The prevalence of abdominal and BMI-defined obesity did not differ between children living in the mainland, in Crete and in other islands except in 7-year-old girls, where the prevalence of BMI-defined obesity was highest in those living in Crete, intermediate in those living in other islands and lowest in those living in the mainland. In 9-year-old boys and in 7- and 9-year-old girls, the prevalence of abdominal obesity was highest in children living in Athens and lowest in children living in Thessaloniki, whereas children living in other cities and in villages showed intermediate rates. The prevalence of abdominal obesity in 7-year-old boys and the prevalence of BMI-defined obesity did not differ between children living in cities and villages. The prevalence of pediatric abdominal obesity in Greece is among

Rare ocular manifestations in an 11-year-old girl with incomplete Kawasaki disease: A case report.

PubMed

Gao, Yunxia; Zhang, Yifan; Lu, Fang; Wang, Xiaoyue; Zhang, Ming

2018-06-01

Kawasaki disease is a necrotizing vasculitis featuring fever, erythema, conjunctivitis, and lymphadenopathy. Ocular manifestations in Kawasaki disease are commonly limited to anterior segment, posterior segment lesions are rarely reported. We report a unique case of ocular manifestations in an 11-year-old girl with incomplete Kawasaki disease. An 11-year-old Asian girl presented with severe enophthalmos, retinitis, retinal detachment, and choroidal detachment secondary to an unexplained fever for 10 days. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of incomplete Kawasaki disease with severe posterior segment lesions. The local use of dexamethasone in the eye was effective in our patient. Surgical intervention might not be necessary even though the initial symptoms could be devastating. The eye should be monitoring the eye routinely in patients with Kawasaki disease.

Fulminant Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Presenting with Acute Ataxia and Hemiparesis in a 15-Year-Old Boy

PubMed Central

Yada, Praveen; Uppin, Megha S.; Jabeen, Shaik Afshan; Cherian, Ajith; Kanikannan, Meena Angamuthu; Borgohain, Rupam; Challa, Sundaram

2014-01-01

Background Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a delayed and fatal manifestation of measles infection. Fulminant SSPE is a rare presentation in which the disease progresses to death over a period of 6 months. The clinical features are atypical and can be misleading. Case Report We report herein a teenage boy who presented with acute-onset gait ataxia followed by right hemiparesis that evolved over 1 month, with left-hemispheric, delta-range slowing on the electroencephalogram (EEG). Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed multiple white-matter hyperintensities, suggesting a diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. He received intravenous steroids, and within 4 days of hospital admission he developed unilateral slow myoclonic jerks. Repeat EEG revealed Rademecker complexes, pathognomonic of SSPE, and an elevated titer of IgG antimeasles antibodies was detected in his cerebrospinal fluid. The disease progressed rapidly and the patient succumbed within 15 days of hospitalization. The diagnosis of SSPE was confirmed by autopsy. Conclusions This case illustrates the difficulty of recognizing fulminant SSPE when it manifests with asymmetric clinical and EEG abnormalities. PMID:25324886

Integrative neuromuscular training and sex-specific fitness performance in 7-year-old children: an exploratory investigation.

PubMed

Faigenbaum, Avery D; Myer, Gregory D; Farrell, Anne; Radler, Tracy; Fabiano, Marc; Kang, Jie; Ratamess, Nicholas; Khoury, Jane; Hewett, Timothy E

2014-01-01

Integrative neuromuscular training (INT) has successfully enhanced physical fitness and reduced abnormal biomechanics, which appear to decrease injury rates in adolescent female athletes. If not addressed at the proper time, low levels of physical fitness and abnormal mechanics may predispose female athletes to an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries. To evaluate sex-specific effects of INT on selected measures of health- and skill-related fitness in children during physical education (PE). Cohort study. Public primary school. Forty children (16 boys, 24 girls; age = 7.6 ± 0.3 years, height = 124.5 ± 6.4 cm, mass = 29.5 ± 7.6 kg) from 2 second-grade PE classes. The classes were randomized into the PE-plus-INT group (10 boys, 11 girls) or the control group (6 boys, 13 girls) that participated in traditional PE. The INT was performed 2 times per week during the first approximately 15 minutes of each PE class and consisted of body weight exercises. Push-up, curl-up, standing long jump, single-legged hop, single-legged balance, sit-and-reach flexibility test, shuttle run, and 0.8-km run. At baseline, the boys demonstrated higher levels of performance in most of the fitness measurements as evidenced by greater performance on the push-up, standing long jump, single-legged hop, shuttle run, and 0.8-km run (P < .05). In the evaluation of the training effects, we found intervention effects in the girls for enhanced INT-induced gains in performance relative to the control group on the curl-up, long jump, single-legged hop, and 0.8-km run (P < .05) after controlling for baseline. Boys did not demonstrate similar adaptations from the INT program (P ≥ .05). These data indicate that INT is an effective and time-efficient addition to PE for enhancing motor skills and promoting physical activity in children. Seven-year-old girls appeared to be more sensitive to the effects of INT than 7-year-old boys. Future research is warranted to confirm these effects in larger

Metabolic and physiologic responses to video game play in 7- to 10-year-old boys.

PubMed

Wang, Xuewen; Perry, Arlette C

2006-04-01

To examine the metabolic, physiologic, and hemostatic responses to action video game play in a group of young boys. Comparison study. Laboratory of Clinical and Applied Physiology, University of Miami. Twenty-one boys aged 7 to 10 years. Blood pressure monitored before and during game play and blood glucose and lactate levels measured before and immediately after game play. Measurements were continuously recorded throughout game play. Dependent t tests were used to compare measurements recorded at baseline and during or after game play. Effect sizes using the Cohen d were examined for comparisons. Significant increases from baseline were found for heart rate (18.8%; P<.001), systolic (22.3%; P<.001) and diastolic (5.8%; P = .006) blood pressure, ventilation (51.9%; P<.001), respiratory rate (54.8%; P<.001), oxygen consumption (49.0%; P<.001), and energy expenditure (52.9%; P<.001). Effect sizes for these comparisons were medium or large. No significant changes were found from baseline to after video game play for lactate (18.2% increase; P = .07) and glucose (0.9% decrease; P = .59) levels. Video game play results in significant increases in various metabolic and physiologic variables in young children. Thus, it should not be combined with television viewing for the evaluation of sedentary activities. The magnitude of change, however, was lower than that observed during standard physical exercise and below national health recommendations. As such, video game play should not be considered a substitute for regular physical activities that significantly stress the metabolic pathways required for the promotion of cardiovascular conditioning.

[Formation of individual somatotype parameters and features of constitutional organization in 7-12-year-old boys (longitudinal)].

PubMed

Kornienko, I A; Panasiuk, T V; Tambovtseva, R V

1997-01-01

Individual somatotype parameters and peculiarities of constitution in 7-12 years boys were evaluated in the present investigation. The age range studied was shown to be divided on 3 stages. Regular growth processes with the prevalence of "infantal" proportions occur at the age of 7-9. Signs of definite constitutional type are expressed yet insufficiently. The age of 10-11 is transitional which shows in delay of muscle growth. At the age of 11-12 prepubescent sets in, during which features of constitution types and appropriate somatotype parameters are distinctly manifested.

Hair follicle nevus in a 2-year old.

PubMed

Motegi, Sei-ichiro; Amano, Hiroo; Tamura, Atsushi; Ishikawa, Osamu

2008-01-01

We report a 2-year-old boy with an elastic soft, flatly elevated, skin-colored nodule on his nasal ala. Histologic examination revealed numerous small hair follicles in several stages of maturation in the dermis. Serial sections did not show any cartilage or a central epithelial lined cystic structure. Based on clinico-pathologic findings, we diagnosed this lesion as a hair follicle nevus. Hair follicle nevus is quite rare. Histologically, it is very important not to find cartilage or a central epithelial lined cystic structure for distinction from an accessory auricle and from a trichofolliculoma, respectively. Awareness of the clinical and pathologic characterization of hair follicle nevus is an aid to a correct diagnosis.

Associations of physical activity and sedentary time with weight and weight status among 10- to 12-year-old boys and girls in Europe: a cluster analysis within the ENERGY project.

PubMed

De Bourdeaudhuij, I; Verloigne, M; Maes, L; Van Lippevelde, W; Chinapaw, M J M; Te Velde, S J; Manios, Y; Androutsos, O; Kovacs, E; Dössegger, A; Brug, J

2013-10-01

Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) plays an important role in childhood overweight prevention. Sedentary time appears to be independently associated with overweight, but most research has been done in adults. The objective of this study were to identify subgroups of children based on their MVPA and sedentary time, and explore differences in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and overweight prevalence between among these subgroups. A sample of 766 10- to 12-year-old children (52.9% girls, 11.6 ± 0.8 years) were recruited from Hungary (n = 158), Belgium (n = 111), the Netherlands (n = 113), Greece (n = 169) and Switzerland (n = 215). Children wore an accelerometer to measure MVPA and sedentary time. Cluster analysis revealed four clusters in both gender groups showing an unhealthy pattern (low MVPA/high sedentary time), a healthy pattern (high MVPA/low sedentary time), a low mixed pattern (low MVPA/low sedentary time) and a moderate to high mixed pattern (moderate to high MVPA/moderate sedentary time). In girls, the high MVPA/low sedentary time cluster had a significantly lower BMI (P ≤ 0.05), a lower waist circumference (P ≤ 0.01) and the lowest percentage of overweight (P ≤ 0.10) compared with the other three clusters. In boys, both clusters with higher activity levels had a significantly lower BMI (P ≤ 0.001) and waist circumference (P ≤ 0.001) than the two low activity clusters, independent of sedentary time. Engagement in more MVPA and less sedentary time is associated with a more favourable weight status among 10- to 12-year-old girls. Among boys, MVPA seems most important for weight status, while sedentary time appears to be less relevant. © 2012 The Authors. Pediatric Obesity © 2012 International Association for the Study of Obesity.

Arthritis and Osteomyelitis due to Aspergillus fumigatus: A 17 years old boy with chronic granulomatous disease

PubMed Central

Bodur, Hurrem; Ozoran, Kursat; Colpan, Aylin; Balaban, Neriman; Tabak, Yalcın; Kulacoglu, Sezer

2003-01-01

Background Invasive Aspergillus infections are frequently seen in immunocompromised patients but arthritis is a rare complication of Aspergillus infections in the absence of immune suppressive therapy, trauma or surgical intervention. Case presentation A 17 years old male patient with arthritis and patellar osteomyelitis of the left knee whose further investigations revealed chronic granulomatous disease as the underlying disease is followed. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from the synovial fluid and the tissue samples cultures. He was treated with Amphotericin B deoxicolate 0.7 mg/kg/day. Also surgical debridement was performed our patient. Amphotericin B nephrotoxicity developed and the therapy switched to itraconazole 400 mg/day. Itraconazole therapy were discontinued at the 6th month. He can perform all the activities of daily living including. Conclusion We think that, chronic granulomatous disease should be investigated in patients who have aspergillar arthritis and osteomyelitis. PMID:12605719

Boys and girls who reason well mathematically.

PubMed

Stanley, J C

1993-01-01

Since 1971 the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth (SMPY) at Johns Hopkins University has pioneered in discovery of and provision of educational help for 12-year-old boys and girls who reason better mathematically than 99% of other 12-year-olds. SMPY originated widespread searches for such youths and special academic classes for them outside the regular school system. A regional talent search, verbal as well as mathematical, now covers all 50 states of the USA, and many varied residential summer programmes are offered across the country. These have provided educational facilitation for many thousands, and have encouraged greater curricular flexibility in schools and better articulation of in-school with out-of-school learning experiences. From the first talent search conducted by SMPY in 1972, it became obvious that boys tend to score considerably higher than girls on the College Board Scholastic Aptitude Test-Mathematical (SAT-M), a test intended mainly for college-bound 17- and 18-year-olds. This difference was reported in 1974 but attracted little attention until a controversial report in 1980 stimulated research on sex differences in various aspects of mathematics. Here I describe a study of sex differences over 10 years on 14 College Board high school achievement tests, which are taken (three usually) by bright 17- and 18-year-olds seeking admission to the USA's selective colleges and universities. Among the high scores on the European history test the ratio of males to females was greatest, 6:1. The next most sex-differentiating test was physics, 2.9:1, followed by elementary-level mathematics (mainly algebra and geometry), 2.5:1. Other ratios favouring males were, in 1991, chemistry (2.4:1), American history (2.1:1), biology (1.8:1), precalculus mathematics (1.6:1), Latin (1.6:1), French (1.4:1), modern Hebrew (1.1:1) and German (1.02:1). Tests in which more females were high scorers were literature (1.26:1), English composition (1.05:1) and Spanish (1

Surgical treatment for old subaxial cervical dislocation with bilateral locked facets in a 3-year-old girl: A case report.

PubMed

Li, Cheng; Li, Lei; Duan, Jingzhu; Zhang, Lijun; Liu, Zhenjiang

2018-05-01

This study aimed to describe the case of a 3-year-old girl with old bilateral facet dislocation on cervical vertebrae 6 and 7, who had spinal cord transection, received surgical treatment, and achieved a relative satisfactory therapeutic effect. A 3-year-old girl was urgently transferred to the hospital after a car accident. DIAGNOSES:: she was diagnosed with splenic rupture, intracranial hemorrhage, cervical dislocation, spinal transection, and Monteggia fracture of the left upper limb. The girl underwent emergency splenectomy and was transferred to the intensive care unit of the hospital 15 days later. One-stage anterior-posterior approach surgery (anterior discectomy, posterior laminectomy, and pedicle screw fixation) was performed when the patient stabilized after 45-day symptomatic treatment. The operation was uneventful. The reduction of lower cervical dislocation was satisfactory, with sufficient spinal cord decompression. The internal fixation position was good, and the spinal sequence was well restored. The girl was discharged 2 weeks later after the operation and followed up for 2 years. The major nerve function of both upper limbs was recovered, with no obvious retardation of the growth of immature spine. A satisfactory therapeutic effect was achieved for a pediatric old subaxial cervical dislocation with bilateral locked facets using anterior discectomy, posterior laminectomy, and pedicle screw fixation. The posterior pedicle screw fixation provided a good three-dimensional stability of the spine, with reduced risk and complications caused by anterior internal fixation. The growth of immature spine was not obviously affected during the 2-year follow-up.

Inhibition in Boys with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder as Indexed by Heart Rate Change.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jennings, J. Richard; And Others

1997-01-01

Seven- to 12-year-old boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a control group of non-ADHD boys performed a videogame task that required response inhibition at a signal. Results showed that ADHD boys performed well and showed appropriate psychophysiological changes. Inhibition latencies were longer for ADHD boys than non-ADHD…

The choking game: A deadly game. Analysis of two cases of "self-strangulation" in young boys and review of the literature.

PubMed

Re, Laura; Birkhoff, Jutta M; Sozzi, Marta; Andrello, Luisa; Osculati, Antonio M M

2015-02-01

The choking game is defined as a self-strangulation or strangulation by another person with the hands or a noose to achieve a brief euphoric state caused by cerebral hypoxia. Death may occur, but forensic pathologists often classify them as suicides or accidental deaths, without focusing on the possibility that they may result from a deliberate self-temporary-asphyxiation, turned into a deadly game. Presenting two fatal cases of self-strangulation involving an 11-year-old boy and a teenager of 15 years, the authors identify victims' characteristics and death scene's evidence, which may help to distinguish if a death is from an asphyxial suicide or an asphyxial game. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and Faculty of Forensic and Legal Medicine. All rights reserved.

Giant occipital meningocele in an 8-year-old child with Dandy-Walker malformation.

PubMed

Talamonti, Giuseppe; Picano, Marco; Debernardi, Alberto; Bolzon, Moreno; Teruzzi, Mario; D'Aliberti, Giuseppe

2011-01-01

The possibility of an association between Dandy-Walker malformation and occipital meningocele is well-known. However, just an overall number of about 40 cases have been previously reported. Giant occipital meningocele has been described only in three newborns. Incidence, pathology, clinical presentation, and proper management of this association are still poorly defined. An 8-year-old boy with Dandy-Walker malformation and giant (25 cm in diameter) occipital meningocele is presented. This boy was born without any apparent occipital mass and harbored no other significant malformations including hydrocephalus. On admission, he was neurologically intact and the giant occipital mass presented partially calcified cyst walls. Treatment consisted of the excision of the occipital malformation, cranioplasty, and cysto-peritoneal shunt. Outcome was excellent. To the best of our knowledge, among the few reported patients with Dandy-Walker malformation associated to occipital meningocele, this is the oldest one and the one with the largest occipital meningocele; he is unique with calcified walls of the occipital meningocele and the only one who survived the repair of the giant malformation. In Dandy-Walker malformation, occipital meningocele may develop and grow regardless of hydrocephalus. Giant size may be reached and the cyst may become calcified. Surgical repair may warrant favorable outcome.

Physical Development of Hyperactive Boys.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McGee, Rob; And Others

1985-01-01

Anthropometric data collected on groups of 7-year-old New Zealand boys, identified as hyperactive-only, aggressive-hyperactive, aggressive-only and nonaggressive/nonhyperactive did not confirm the hypothesis that hyperactive-only Ss would show delayed maturation. However, hyperactive-only Ss were significantly more lean than Ss in other groups.…

Autism Symptoms and Internalizing Psychopathology in Girls and Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Solomon, Marjorie; Miller, Meghan; Taylor, Sandra L.; Hinshaw, Stephen P.; Carter, Cameron S.

2012-01-01

Findings regarding phenotypic differences between boys and girls with ASD are mixed. We compared autism and internalizing symptoms in a sample of 8-18 year-old girls (n = 20) and boys (n = 20) with ASD and typically developing (TYP) girls (n = 19) and boys (n = 17). Girls with ASD were more impaired than TYP girls but did not differ from boys with…

Dr. von Braun Visits Huntsville Boys Club

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1961-01-01

Dr. von Braun, Director of Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) and chairman of this year's United Givers Fund (UGF) drive at MSFC, takes time out from the problems of sending a man to the Moon to talk baseball with 11-year-old Randy Smith at the Huntsville Boys Club.

Growth and Your 13-to 18-Year-Old

MedlinePlus

... is a time of dramatic change for both boys and girls. Hormone-driven changes are accompanied by growth spurts ... ages 12 and 15. The growth spurt of boys is, on average, about 2 years later than that of girls. By age 16, most boys have stopped growing, ...

Boys Only: One Co-Educational Primary School's Experience of a Classroom for Boys

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Price, Christopher D.

2011-01-01

Concern over retention of boys as well as poor academic performance and behaviour, in a New Zealand co-educational primary school, led the school to trial, a "boys-only class". This case study reports interview and questionnaire commentary obtained at the beginning and end of the year from the principal, the teacher, pupils and parents,…

The effects of gender, motor skills and play area on the free play activities of 8-11 year old school children.

PubMed

Harten, Nathan; Olds, Tim; Dollman, Jim

2008-09-01

Two studies were conducted to examine the interactions between gender, play area, motor skills and free play activity in 8-11 year old school children. In both studies, boys were more active than girls. In boys, but not in girls, energy expenditure was greater for high-skill than for low-skill children (p = 0.0002), and increased as play area increased (p = 0.01). These results suggest that motor skills and play space are important variables in determining the free play activity of boys, but not of girls. This may be related to widely different play styles among boys and girls.

Synovial Sarcoma in the Foot of a 5-Year-Old ChildA Case Report.

PubMed

Lepow, Gary M; Grimmer, Daniel L; Lemar, Onya V; Bridges, Evan A

2016-07-01

The purpose of this case report is to present a rare finding of synovial sarcoma in a 5-year-old child. Most soft-tissue masses of the foot are too often presumed to be small and benign; therefore, compared with soft-tissue sarcomas, they are difficult to clinically differentiate and treat. A 5-year-old girl presented with a painful lesion that was diagnosed as synovial sarcoma after an excisional biopsy was performed. This was an unexpected finding of synovial sarcoma involving the tibialis posterior tendon of her right foot. The patient presented with an 8-month history of tenderness and an antalgic gait. We would like to encourage that all soft-tissue tumors of the foot be preoperatively evaluated with the aid of diagnostic imaging so that a well-planned biopsy assessment can be performed, with adequate margins excised.

[Dipylidium caninum infection in a 2 year old infant: case report and literature review].

PubMed

Neira O, Patricia; Jofré M, Leonor; Muñoz S, Nelson

2008-12-01

Dipylidiasis is a zoonotic parasitic infection caused by the dog tapeworm Dipylidium caninum; it affects both feline and canine species and accidentally, humans. In Chile, as well as in other countries, it is an uncommon infection. A case of a 2 year old child from Casablanca, (a city located in the Valparaíso Region), with an infection by D. caninum, is presented. Clinical manifestations are reviewed, as well as epidemiology in domestic and wild animals, cases among the published national literature and its treatment and prevention strategies.

Contributions and Implications of the Medford, Oregon, Boys' Growth Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, H. H.

The overall and long-range purposes of the Medford Boys' Growth Study are: (1) to construct physical and motor growth curves and growth acceleration curves of boys seven to 18 years old; (2) to relate these traits to physiological maturity, physique type, nutritional status, socio-personal adjustment, interests, and scholastic aptitude and…

A case of premature ovarian failure (POF) in a 31-year-old woman with a 47,XXX karyotype.

PubMed

Skałba, Piotr; Cygal, Anna; Gierzyńska, Zuzanna

2010-01-01

A case of POF in a 31-year-old woman with karyotype 47,XXX. The aim of the study was to discuss a case of POF in a 31-year-old patient with polysomy 47,XXX. The described karyotype is not usually associated with this characteristic physical phenotype. In some rare cases, menstrual disorders, sterility, secondary amenorrhoea, premature menopause, and low intelligence are found. Our observations revealed the necessity for cytogenetic examination in all women at reproductive age with symptoms of premature ovarian failure. According to the data found in literature, patients with POF and karyotype disorders belong to the risk group of premature death, mostly for cardiological reasons. Raising patient awareness about the risk may have a positive effect on quality of life and regularity of check-ups.

Do parents' exercise habits predict 13-18-year-old adolescents' involvement in sport?

PubMed

Sukys, Saulius; Majauskienė, Daiva; Cesnaitiene, Vida J; Karanauskiene, Diana

2014-09-01

This study examined links between parents' exercise habits and adolescents' participation in sports activities, considering the aspects of gender and age. It was hypothesized that regular exercise by both parents would be related to children's involvement in sport regardless of their gender and age. Moreover, it was hypothesized that children's sports activities would be more strongly related to their father's exercise activities. The study also examined the links between parents' exercise habits and children's motivation for sports. It was hypothesized that competition motives would be more important for children whose parents exercised regularly. The research sample included 2335 students from the seventh (n = 857), ninth (n = 960) and eleventh (n = 518) grades of various Lithuanian schools. The study used a questionnaire survey method, which revealed the links between parents' exercise habits and their children's participation in sport. Assessment of data for girls and boys showed that daughters' participation in sport could be predicted by both their fathers' and mothers' exercise habits, but sons' sports activities could be predicted only by the regular physical activities of their fathers. The assessment of children's sporting activities according to age revealed links between parental exercising and the engagement of older (15-16 years old), but not younger adolescents (13-14 years old). Analysis of sports motivation showed that competition motives were more important for boys than for girls. Fitness, well-being and appearance motives were more important for older adolescents (15-18 years old), while competition motives were more important for younger adolescents (13-14 years old). Research revealed the relationship between children's sport motives and fathers' exercise habits, while examination of mothers' exercise revealed no difference. Key pointsParental exercising significantly predicts adolescents' engagement in sport. Daughter's engagement in sport is

[Penetration depth of missiles fired from a pneumatic weapon with kinetic energy below 17 J, in 20% gelatine blocks as correlated with injuries found during autopsy of a 9-year-old boy].

PubMed

Smedra-Kaźmirska, Anna; Barzdo, Maciej; Kedzierski, Maciej; Szram, Stefan; Berent, Jarosław

2011-01-01

In Poland, according to the Act About Weapons and Ammunition, an air weapon which has kinetic energy of the fired projectiles below 17 J does not require registration and can be bought even on the Internet. Sport and recreation shooting with this weapon basically have to be performed in shooting ranges, but can be also carried on outside of shooting ranges, providing "particular caution" is exercised. In this study, we presented a case of fatal shooting of a 9-year-old boy; the weapon was a Chinese pneumatic device weapon with kinetic energy of the fired projectiles below 17 J. The aim of this study was to compare autopsy findings with penetration depth of missiles fired from this pneumatic weapon in 20% gelatine blocks. During the experiment, we used a Chinese pneumatic weapon with kinetic energy below 17 J, five kinds of lead projectiles with different shape and mass and 20% gelatine blocks at the temperature of 10 degrees C, which were the model of human soft tissues.

What Boys with an Autism Spectrum Disorder Say about Establishing and Maintaining Friendships

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Daniel, Leslie S.; Billingsley, Bonnie S.

2010-01-01

Seven boys, 10 to 14 years old, with autism spectrum disorders and good verbal communication, were interviewed to determine how they establish and maintain friendships. Parents and the boys' teachers were interviewed for supportive information. All of the boys had friends, and 6 described establishing friendships as the most difficult aspect.…

Human papillomavirus vaccine recommendations and agreement with mandated human papillomavirus vaccination for 11-to-12-year-old girls: a statewide survey of Texas physicians.

PubMed

Kahn, Jessica A; Cooper, H Paul; Vadaparampil, Susan T; Pence, Barbara C; Weinberg, Armin D; LoCoco, Salvatore J; Rosenthal, Susan L

2009-08-01

The purpose of this study was to examine Texas physicians' recommendations for the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in 11-to-12-year-old girls, intention to recommend HPV vaccines to 11-to-12-year-old boys, and attitudes about mandated HPV vaccination for 11-to-12-year-old girls. We conducted a cross-sectional, web-based survey of Texas physicians who provide direct patient care in family medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics/gynecology, and internal medicine in September 2008. The three outcome variables were: HPV vaccine recommendations to 11-to-12-year-old girls, likelihood of recommending the vaccine to 11-to-12-year-old boys, and agreement with mandated vaccination of 11-to-12-year-old girls. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were used to determine practice-related and attitudinal factors associated with each outcome. Of the 1,122 respondents, 48.5% stated they always recommended HPV vaccines to girls, 68.4% were likely to recommend the vaccine to boys, and 41.7% agreed with mandated vaccination. In multivariate logistic regression models, variables independently associated with recommendation to 11-to-12-year-old girls included: percentage of patients with Medicaid [odds ratio (OR), 1.02; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.01-1.03], academic versus nonacademic practice (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.05-4.23), office procedures to maximize vaccination (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.56), HPV knowledge (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.49), valuing HPV vaccine information from both professional organizations (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.15-3.16) and professional conferences (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.10-2.57), belief in mandated HPV vaccination (OR, 5.38; 95% CI, 3.28-8.83), and barriers to vaccination (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.00-1.16). Half of the physicians in this study did not follow current recommendations for universal HPV vaccination of 11-to-12-year-old girls. Factors linked to vaccine recommendations may be targeted in educational or policy interventions.

A single bout of high-intensity interval exercise and work-matched moderate-intensity exercise has minimal effect on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in 7- to 10-year-old boys.

PubMed

Cockcroft, Emma J; Williams, Craig A; Jackman, Sarah R; Bassi, Shikhar; Armstrong, Neil; Barker, Alan R

2018-01-01

The purpose of this study was to assess the acute effect of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and moderate-intensity exercise (MIE) on glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and fat oxidation in young boys. Eleven boys (8.8 ± 0.8 y) completed three conditions: 1) HIIE; 2) work-matched MIE; and 3) rest (CON) followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to determine glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity (Cederholm index). Fat oxidation was measured following the OGTT using indirect calorimetry. There was no effect for condition on plasma [glucose] and [insulin] area under the curve (AUC) responses following the OGTT (P > 0.09). However, there was a "trend" for a condition effect for insulin sensitivity with a small increase after HIIE (P = 0.04, ES = 0.28, 9.7%) and MIE (P = 0.07, ES = 0.21, 6.5%) compared to CON. There was an increase in fat oxidation AUC following HIIE (P = 0.008, ES = 0.79, 38.9%) compared to CON, but with no differences between MIE and CON and HIIE and MIE (P > 0.13). In conclusion, 7- to 10-year-old boys may have limited scope to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance after a single bout of HIIE and MIE. However, fat oxidation is augmented after HIIE but not MIE.

Splenic cyst and its management in a 21-month-old boy: a rare complication of invasive meningococcal disease.

PubMed

Pratt, Jeremy John; Connell, Tom G; Bekhit, Elhamy; Crawford, Nigel W

2018-05-04

Splenic complications of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) are well recognised, though cyst formation is rare, particularly in paediatric populations. The best approach to their management is not yet established. This case outlines the management of a splenic cyst in a 21-month-old boy following severe IMD. The case took place in the context of an acute emergence of serogroup W prompting significant media attention and subsequent change in vaccination practice at a jurisdictional level in Australia. The patient was critically unwell early in the illness, then later a collection in the left upper quadrant was detected, shown on ultrasound to be a 11.6×7.7 cm splenic cyst. In this case, the cyst was managed by ultrasound-guided drainage tube insertion. The residual collection was small and stable on subsequent imaging. © BMJ Publishing Group Ltd (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

Language development in a 3-year-old boy with Prader-Willi syndrome.

PubMed

Atkin, Keith; Lorch, Marjorie Perlman

2007-04-01

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic disorder which has widespread developmental consequences including motor, cognitive and language delay. Previous research on PWS children has focused primarily on phonological development and dysfluency. In the present study, the lexical development of a boy with PWS was investigated in a series of 18 play sessions recorded over a 4 month period from the ages 3;7 to 3;11. In comparison to the language development of children with Down syndrome this child with PWS appears to display a distinct developmental pattern. The possibility of detailing a behavioural phenotype of genetic disorders affecting language development is discussed.

Directly Observed Physical Activity and Fundamental Motor Skills in Four-Year-Old Children in Day Care

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Iivonen, S.; Sääkslahti, A. K.; Mehtälä, A.; Villberg, J. J.; Soini, A.; Poskiparta, M.

2016-01-01

Physical activity (PA), its location, social interactions and fundamental motor skills (FMS) were investigated in four-year-old Finnish children in day care. Six skills in the stability, locomotor and manipulative domains were assessed in 53 children (24 boys, 29 girls, normal anthropometry) with the APM-Inventory manual for assessing children's…

A Clinical Assessment Tool for Advanced Theory of Mind Performance in 5 to 12 Year Olds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Hare, Anne E.; Bremner, Lynne; Nash, Marysia; Happe, Francesca; Pettigrew, Luisa M.

2009-01-01

One hundred forty typically developing 5- to 12-year-old children were assessed with a test of advanced theory of mind employing Happe's strange stories. There was no significant difference in performance between boys and girls. The stories discriminated performance across the different ages with the lowest performance being in the younger…

Impact of Reading Strategy Use on Girls' and Boys' Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bouchamma, Yamina; Poulin, Vincent; Ruel, Catherine

2014-01-01

We examined the reading strategies of boys and girls and identified those determining academic achievement in 13-year-old Canadian students. Students from each province and one territory (N = 20,094) answered a questionnaire on, among others, reading strategies. T-test results showed that girls use these strategies more regularly compared to boys.…

Potassium urinary excretion and dietary intake: a cross-sectional analysis in 8-10 year-old children.

PubMed

Oliveira, Ana Catarina; Padrão, Patrícia; Moreira, André; Pinto, Mariana; Neto, Mafalda; Santos, Tânia; Madureira, Joana; Fernandes, Eduardo de Oliveira; Graça, Pedro; Breda, João; Moreira, Pedro

2015-05-17

Data from studies assessing the intake of potassium, and the concomitant sodium-to-potassium ratio are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate potassium and sodium-to-potassium ratio intake in 8-10 year-old children. A cross-sectional survey was carried out from January to June 2014 and data from 163 children (81 boys) were included. Potassium intake was estimated by 24-h urine collection and coefficient of creatinine was used to validate completeness of urine collections. Urinary sodium and sodium-to-potassium ratio were also analysed. A 24-h dietary recall was used to provide information on dietary sources of potassium. Height and weight were measured according to international standards. The mean urinary potassium excretion was 1701 ± 594 mg/day in boys, and 1682 ± 541 mg/day in girls (p = 0.835); 8.0% of children met the WHO recommendations for potassium intake. The mean sodium excretion was 2935 ± 1075 mg/day in boys and 2381 ± 1045 mg/day in girls (p <0.001) and urinary sodium-to-potassium ratio was 3.2 ± 1.4 in boys, and 2.5 ± 1.1 in girls (p = 0.002). The mean fruit and vegetable intake was 353.1 ± 232.5 g/day in boys, and 290.8 ± 213.1 g/day in girls (p = 0.101). This study reported a low compliance of potassium intake recommendations in 8-10 year-old children. Health promotion interventions are needed in order to broaden public awareness of potassium inadequacy and to increase potassium intake.

Iris concavity, corneal biomechanics, and their correlations with ocular biometry in a cohort of 10- to 12-year-old UK school boys: baseline data.

PubMed

Shah, Ameet; Low, Sancy; Garway-Heath, David F; Foster, Paul J; Barton, Keith

2014-04-17

Pigment dispersion syndrome is associated with iris concavity. This study investigated the prevalence of iris concavity, defined as a measurement of ≤-0.1 mm, in a cohort of 10- to 12-year-old boys, and explored the relationship between iris curvature and anterior segment biometry. Associations with corneal biomechanical parameters also were explored. A cohort of school boys (n = 96) was recruited from a local school. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was performed under accommodative and nonaccommodative conditions, and iris curvature quantified. Corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were measured with the ocular response analyzer (ORA). Noncontact axial biometry was performed using laser interferometry. The prevalence of iris concavity was 24% on distance fixation, increasing to 65% on accommodation. Variables significantly associated with nonaccommodating iris curvature were lens vault (P = 0.02) and mean keratometry (P = 0.02). For both variables acting jointly, R(2) = 0.30. Variables associated significantly with accommodating iris curvature were anterior chamber depth (P = 0.009), lens vault (P = 0.049), and mean scleral spur angle (P < 0.0001). For these three variables acting jointly, R(2) = 0.33. Significant association was found between CH and spur-to-spur distance (R(2) = 0.07, P = 0.025). Iris concavity was a common finding in this cohort and related to anterior segment biometric parameters. Further work is required to clarify whether anatomical differences exist between iris concavity seen in the adolescent eye and that found in adults with pigment dispersion syndrome. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.

Serious anaphylactic shock induced by hemocoagulase agkistrodon during anesthesia in a 5-year-old child.

PubMed

Xu, Ying-Yi; Li, Bi-Lian; Jin, Yu-Lin; Wang, Zi-Xin; Song, Xing-Rong; Ni, Jin

2015-01-01

We report a case of serious anaphylactic shock in a 5-year-old child undergoing scheduled surgery blank space of a right femoral intramedullary nail removal. The boy had undergone right femoral elastic intramedullary nail fixation surgery 14 months prior, but had no history of allergies. Within 5 minutes of intravenous bonus injection of hemocoagulase agkistrodon (HCA) 1 unit, a widespread transient diffuse erythema was seen on the front of his chest. After 20 minutes, sudden, profound cardiovascular collapse occurred. The child was treated effectively and sent to a ward 5 hours later. In this period, he received intravenously infused 200 ml hydroxyethyl starch solution and epinephrine at a rate of 0.05-0.01 μg kg(-1) min(-1). Total amount of dexamethasone sodium phosphate 14 mg was used. To the best of our knowledge, few case reports of HCA-induced anaphylactic shock in children exist. Our report will, therefore, increase awareness of the allergic potential of HCA among pediatric anesthesiologists.

Endovascular management of lap belt-related abdominal aortic injury in a 9-year-old child.

PubMed

Papazoglou, Konstantinos O; Karkos, Christos D; Kalogirou, Thomas E; Giagtzidis, Ioakeim T

2015-02-01

Blunt abdominal aortic trauma is a rare occurrence in children with only a few patients having been reported in the literature. Most such cases have been described in the context of lap belt injuries. We report a 9-year-old boy who suffered lap belt trauma to the abdomen during a high-speed road traffic accident resulting to the well-recognized pattern of blunt abdominal injury, that is, the triad of intestinal perforation, fractures of the lumbar spine, and abdominal aortic injury. The latter presented with lower limb ischemia due to dissection of the infrarenal aorta and right common iliac artery. Revascularization was achieved by endovascular means using 2 self-expanding stents in the infrarenal aorta and the right common iliac artery. This case is one of the few reports of lap belt-related acute traumatic abdominal aortic dissection in a young child and highlights the feasibility of endovascular management in the pediatric population. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Gender Dysphoria and Sexual Abuse: A Case Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zucker, Kenneth J.; Kuksis, Myra

1990-01-01

A case report is presented in which an 11-year-old boy's desire to be a girl and to have his penis removed are shown to follow the initiation of sexual contact by his older brother. The boy's early history of moderate femininity may have made him vulnerable to gender identity conflict. (JDD)

Pre-divorce problems in 3-year-olds: a prospective study in boys and girls.

PubMed

Robbers, Sylvana C C; Bartels, Meike; van Beijsterveldt, C E M Toos; Verhulst, Frank C; Huizink, Anja C; Boomsma, Dorret I

2011-04-01

We examined to what extent internalizing and externalizing problems at age 3 preceded and predicted parental divorce, and if divorce and the time lapse since divorce were related to internalizing and externalizing problems at age 12. Parental ratings of internalizing and externalizing problems were collected with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) in a large sample (N = 6,426) of 3-year-old children. All these children were followed through the age of 12 years, at which parents completed the CBCL again, while teachers completed the Teacher's Report Form. Children whose parents divorced between age 3 and age 12 were compared with children whose families remained intact. Girls whose parents divorced between ages 3 and 12 already showed more externalizing problems at age 3 than girls whose parents stayed married. Higher levels of externalizing problems in girls at age 3 predicted later parental divorce. Parental reports indicated that 12-year-olds with divorced parents showed more internalizing and externalizing problems than children with married parents. Levels of teacher-reported problems were not different between children with married versus divorced parents. However, children whose parents divorced between ages 3 and 12 showed more teacher-rated internalizing problems at age 12 when the divorce was more recent than when the divorce was less recent. Parental ratings of both internalizing and externalizing problems at age 12 were not associated with the time lapse since divorce. Externalizing problems in girls precede and predict later parental divorce. Post-divorce problems in children vary by raters, and may depend on the time lapse since divorce.

Smoking, tooth brushing and oral cleanliness among 15-year-olds in Tehran, Iran.

PubMed

Yazdani, Reza; Vehkalahti, Miira M; Nouri, Mahtab; Murtomaa, Heikki

2008-01-01

To assess smoking, tooth brushing and oral cleanliness and their relationships among 15-year-olds in Tehran, Iran. A cross-sectional study based on World Health Organization criteria and the methods of the Second International Collaborative Study was carried out in autumn 2004 among 15-year-olds (n=502) in Tehran. Data were based on a self-administered questionnaire and a clinical dental examination. Smokers comprised 5% of the boys and 2% of the girls (p = 0.02). Smoking was more common among students of less-educated parents (50% vs. 30%, p < 0.05). Of all students, 26% reported twice-daily tooth brushing; those of higher socio-economic backgrounds and girls did so more frequently. Of the smokers, 11% reported no tooth brushing compared to 6% of the non-smokers. Oral cleanliness was good for 13%, moderate for 32%, and poor for 55%; the rates associated positively with female gender (p = 0.002), having higher-educated parents (p = 0.03), and reporting a higher frequency of tooth brushing (p < 0.001). Those students reporting twice-daily tooth brushing had less dental plaque and gingival bleeding (p < or = 0.01) on both anterior and posterior teeth. In multivariable analyses, the best predictors for a good level of oral cleanliness were female gender (OR = 2.0) or twice-daily tooth brushing (OR = 1.7). Oral cleanliness and tooth brushing among 15-year-olds were at poor levels, particularly among boys. Such poor levels call for intensive attempts to enhance rates of twice-daily tooth brushing and to improve its quality. For this age group, anti-smoking purposes should be combined into school-based oral health promotion programmes as well.

Congenital gonadotropin deficiency in boys: management during childhood.

PubMed

Adan, L; Couto-Silva, A C; Trivin, C; Metz, C; Brauner, R

2004-02-01

To analyze the features of boys with congenital gonadotropin deficiency (CGD), and to determine the value of plasma inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) for predicting testicular function and the effect of testosterone treatment. We followed 19 boys for CGD, including five with Kallmann syndrome. The boys were seen before 14 years of age for micropenis (9 boys) or later for delayed puberty (10 boys). No testis was palpable in the scrotum in 13 patients, bilaterally in seven of them. Luteinizing hormone (LH) peak after a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) test was between 0.5 and 5.6 U/l. Plasma inhibin B was low in the four patients evaluated at less than 1 year old. AMH was low in one of them and normal in four others. Of the older patients, three lad low plasma inhibin B and four had normal concentrations; plasma AMH was low in three of them and increased in four. Testosterone treatment restored penis length to normal in all patients. Low plasma inhibin B and AMH concentrations may indicate testicular damage in boys with CGD.

Sensory Contributions to Balance in Boys with Developmental Coordination Disorder

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deconinck, Frederik J. A.; De Clercq, Dirk; Van Coster, Rudy; Oostra, Ann; Dewitte, Griet; Savelsbergh, Geert J. P.; Cambier, Dirk; Lenoir, Matthieu

2008-01-01

This study examined and compared the control of posture during bilateral stance in ten boys with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) of 6-8 years old and ten matched typically developing boys in four sensory conditions (with or without vision, on a firm or complaint surface). In all conditions mean postural sway velocity was larger for the…

Febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease following suspected hemorrhagic chickenpox infection in a 20-month-old boy.

PubMed

Lode, H N; Döring, P; Lauenstein, P; Hoeger, P; Dombrowski, F; Bruns, R

2015-10-01

We present the youngest pediatric patient so far with febrile ulcerative Mucha-Haberman disease (FUMHD) after an admitting clinical picture of hemorrhagic varicella infection. With a time to diagnosis of 25 days, the 20-month-old boy responded to low dose cyclosporine and prednisolone given for 3 months and is free of disease after 4 years of follow up. We describe a polyclonal CD8+ T cell response with elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and a fivefold upregulation of the high-affinity Fc receptor type I (CD64) on granulocytes. Early consideration of FUMHD in the differential diagnosis of a systemic inflammatory disease combined with a generalized necrotizing rash is important for early and adequate management of children with this rare and challenging disease.

Asperger's syndrome: a case report

PubMed Central

Goodman, Carol M.

1987-01-01

A case report is presented of an 11-year-old boy who has been diagnosed as having Asperger's syndrome. There follows a review of the clinical features, course, prognosis and management of this condition. PMID:2453672

Integrative Neuromuscular Training and Sex-Specific Fitness Performance in 7-Year-Old Children: An Exploratory Investigation

PubMed Central

Faigenbaum, Avery D.; Myer, Gregory D.; Farrell, Anne; Radler, Tracy; Fabiano, Marc; Kang, Jie; Ratamess, Nicholas; Khoury, Jane; Hewett, Timothy E

2014-01-01

Context: Integrative neuromuscular training (INT) has successfully enhanced physical fitness and reduced abnormal biomechanics, which appear to decrease injury rates in adolescent female athletes. If not addressed at the proper time, low levels of physical fitness and abnormal mechanics may predispose female athletes to an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries. Objectives To evaluate sex-specific effects of INT on selected measures of health- and skill-related fitness in children during physical education (PE). Design: Cohort study. Setting: Public primary school. Patients or Other Participants: Forty children (16 boys, 24 girls; age = 7.6 ± 0.3 years, height = 124.5 ± 6.4 cm, mass = 29.5 ± 7.6 kg) from 2 second-grade PE classes. Intervention(s): The classes were randomized into the PE-plus-INT group (10 boys, 11 girls) or the control group (6 boys, 13 girls) that participated in traditional PE. The INT was performed 2 times per week during the first approximately 15 minutes of each PE class and consisted of body weight exercises. Main Outcome Measure(s): Push-up, curl-up, standing long jump, single-legged hop, single-legged balance, sit-and-reach flexibility test, shuttle run, and 0.8-km run. Results: At baseline, the boys demonstrated higher levels of performance in most of the fitness measurements as evidenced by greater performance on the push-up, standing long jump, single-legged hop, shuttle run, and 0.8-km run (P < .05). In the evaluation of the training effects, we found intervention effects in the girls for enhanced INT-induced gains in performance relative to the control group on the curl-up, long jump, single-legged hop, and 0.8-km run (P < .05) after controlling for baseline. Boys did not demonstrate similar adaptations from the INT program (P ≥ .05). Conclusions: These data indicate that INT is an effective and time-efficient addition to PE for enhancing motor skills and promoting physical activity in children. Seven-year-old girls appeared

Do descriptive norms related to parents and friends predict fruit and vegetable intake similarly among 11-year-old girls and boys?

PubMed

Lehto, Elviira; Ray, Carola; Haukkala, Ari; Yngve, Agneta; Thorsdottir, Inga; Roos, Eva

2016-01-14

We examined whether there are sex differences in children's fruit and vegetable (FV) intake and in descriptive norms (i.e. perceived FV intake) related to parents and friends. We also studied whether friends' impact is as important as that of parents on children's FV intake. Data from the PRO GREENS project in Finland were obtained from 424 children at the age 11 years at baseline. At baseline, 2009 children filled in a questionnaire about descriptive norms conceptualised as perceived FV intake of their parents and friends. They also filled in a validated FFQ that assessed their FV intake both at baseline and in the follow-up in 2010. The associations were examined with multi-level regression analyses with multi-group comparisons. Girls reported higher perceived FV intake of friends and higher own fruit intake at baseline, compared with boys, and higher vegetable intake both at baseline and in the follow-up. Perceived FV intake of parents and friends was positively associated with both girls' and boys' FV intake in both study years. The impact of perceived fruit intake of the mother was stronger among boys. The change in children's FV intake was affected only by perceived FV intake of father and friends. No large sex differences in descriptive norms were found, but the impact of friends on children's FV intake can generally be considered as important as that of parents. Future interventions could benefit from taking into account friends' impact as role models on children's FV intake.

Cecum duplication in a 14-year-old female. Case report.

PubMed

Galván-Montaño, Alfonso; Guzmán-Martínez, Sonia; Lorenzana-Sandoval, Cuauhtémoc; Recinos-Carrera, Elio

2011-01-01

Duplications of the alimentary tract are a group of rare malformations occurring in about 1/5,000 live births. These may be either spherical or tubular and may communicate with the intestinal tract. Duplications of the cecum are very uncommon. A 14-year-old female was admitted to the emergency department with a 1-day history of abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation and abdominal distension. Abdominal examination revealed distension and tenderness around the umbilicus. Plain abdominal radiography showed dilated colon. The patient underwent surgical management with diagnosis of sigmoid volvulus. Laparotomy revealed spherical duplication from the cecum. Hemicolectomy was done and alimentary continuity was restored by end-to-end anastomosis. Pathological report was a spherical communicated duplication from the cecum (22 × 32 cm). Duplication of the cecum is extremely rare and is seen in 0.4% of duplications of the alimentary tract. The majority of cases (85%) are diagnosed before age 2 years. It is rare at 14 years of age. Diagnosis is difficult and volvulus, intussusception or appendicitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Ultrasonography and tomography are the imaging studies of choice. Plain abdominal x-ray is not specific. Resection of the duplication with restoration of alimentary continuity is the treatment of choice.

Obturator externus abscess in a 9-year-old child: A case report and literature review.

PubMed

de Bodman, Charlotte; Ceroni, Dimitri; Dufour, Justine; Crisinel, Pierre-Alex; Bregou-Bourgeois, Aline; Zambelli, Pierre-Yves

2017-03-01

Obturator pyomyositis is a rare condition in children. Diagnosis is often delayed because of its rarity, and the vagaries of its presentation cause it to be easily be missed. Physicians should therefore familiarize themselves with this condition and consider it as a possible differential diagnosis in patients presenting with an acutely painful hip. Inflammatory syndrome is also frequent among sufferers and the MRI is a very sensitive diagnostic tool for obturator pyomyositis. Additionally, joint fluid aspirations and blood cultures are also useful in identifying the pathogen. The appropriate antibiotic therapy provides a rapid regression of symptoms during the early stage of pyomyositis. In cases of MRI-confirmed abscess, surgical treatment is indicated. Our report focuses on a case of obturator pyomyositis in a 9-year-old boy. The child was febrile for 5 days and could only manage to walk a few steps. His hip range of motion was restricted in all directions. In addition, the patient had presented pain and swelling of his right elbow for a day, with a restriction of motion in the joint. There was a clear inflammatory syndrome. A diagnosis of hip and elbow septic arthritis was suspected, and the child underwent joint aspiration of the both cited joints. The aspiration of the elbow returned pus. Conversely, no effusion was found in the hip aspiration. The administration of empiric intravenous antibiotherapy was started. An MRI revealed an osteomyelitis of the ischio-pubic area associated with a subperiosteal abscess. Subsequently, 3 days after elbow arthrotomy, a surgical treatment was performed on the patient's right hip in order to evacuate the subperiosteal abscess and muscular collection because of the persistence of the patient's symptoms and inflammatory syndrome despite susceptible intravenous antibiotics. Postsurgery the patient showed steady improvement. Such cases demonstrate how diagnosis can be difficult because pelvic pyomyositis is often mistaken for

Disruptive Behaviour in School, Personality Characteristics, and Heart Rate (HR) Levels in 7- to 9-Year-Old Boys.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Maliphant, Rodney; And Others

1990-01-01

Presents results of study of British elementary school boys aged seven to nine, comparing disruptive behavior to heart rate. Distinguishes this study from earlier ones that found relationship between low base heart rates and low reactivity to mild stress among high school boys. Reports that this study disproves prediction that results would be…

A Twin Study into the Genetic and Environmental Influences on Academic Performance in Science in Nine-Year-Old Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haworth, Claire M. A.; Dale, Philip; Plomin, Robert

2008-01-01

We investigated for the first time the genetic and environmental aetiology behind scientific achievement in primary school children, with a special focus on possible aetiological differences for boys and girls. For a representative community sample of 2,602 twin pairs assessed at age nine years, scientific achievement in school was rated by…

Successful treatment of blunt trauma involving complete laceration of the pancreas and duodenum in a 7-year-old child: report of a case.

PubMed

Yagi, M; Mishina, T; Fujishima, T; Date, K; Saito, H; Suzuki, N

1997-01-01

The acute onset of peritoneal signs and shock in a 7-year-old boy who had been hit in the epigastrium by a log-seesaw mandated surgical treatment. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) demonstrated complete laceration of the pancreas as well as duodenal injury, and a duodenoduodenostomy with distal pancreaticogastrostomy was subsequently performed. Temporary external drainage of the stomach and distal pancreas led to an uneventful recovery in the early postoperative period. Although the patient's postoperative development was appropriate for his age, the orifice of the distal pancreas spontaneously closed 2.5 years following surgery. We present this report to stress the fact that every effort should be made to preserve the pancreas following abdominal injury in children.

Treatment of a TIPS-Biliary Fistula by Stent-Graft in a 9-Year-Old Boy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Boyvat, Fatih; Cekirge, Saruhan; Balkanci, Ferhun

1999-01-15

We report a 9-year-old male cirrhotic patient with acute occlusion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) due to a biliary-to-TIPS fistula which occurred 9 hr after the TIPS procedure. Immediate TIPS revision was performed and the fistula was treated by placement of an endoluminal stent-graft. At 12-month follow-up color Doppler examination demonstrated a patent shunt.

The Effects of Macroglossia on Speech: A Case Study

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mekonnen, Abebayehu Messele

2012-01-01

This article presents a case study of speech production in a 14-year-old Amharic-speaking boy. The boy had developed secondary macroglossia, related to a disturbance of growth hormones, following a history of normal speech development. Perceptual analysis combined with acoustic analysis and static palatography is used to investigate the specific…

Do Parents’ Exercise Habits Predict 13–18-Year-Old Adolescents’ Involvement in Sport?

PubMed Central

Sukys, Saulius; Majauskienė, Daiva; Cesnaitiene, Vida J.; Karanauskiene, Diana

2014-01-01

This study examined links between parents’ exercise habits and adolescents’ participation in sports activities, considering the aspects of gender and age. It was hypothesized that regular exercise by both parents would be related to children’s involvement in sport regardless of their gender and age. Moreover, it was hypothesized that children’s sports activities would be more strongly related to their father’s exercise activities. The study also examined the links between parents’ exercise habits and children’s motivation for sports. It was hypothesized that competition motives would be more important for children whose parents exercised regularly. The research sample included 2335 students from the seventh (n = 857), ninth (n = 960) and eleventh (n = 518) grades of various Lithuanian schools. The study used a questionnaire survey method, which revealed the links between parents’ exercise habits and their children’s participation in sport. Assessment of data for girls and boys showed that daughters’ participation in sport could be predicted by both their fathers’ and mothers’ exercise habits, but sons’ sports activities could be predicted only by the regular physical activities of their fathers. The assessment of children’s sporting activities according to age revealed links between parental exercising and the engagement of older (15–16 years old), but not younger adolescents (13–14 years old). Analysis of sports motivation showed that competition motives were more important for boys than for girls. Fitness, well-being and appearance motives were more important for older adolescents (15–18 years old), while competition motives were more important for younger adolescents (13–14 years old). Research revealed the relationship between children’s sport motives and fathers’ exercise habits, while examination of mothers’ exercise revealed no difference. Key points Parental exercising significantly predicts adolescents�

Weil’s disease in a 36 years old female: a case report

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rozalena, S.; Handayani, L.; Arman, A.; Permata, M.; Hudari, H.

2018-03-01

Leptospirosis is an acute zoonotic infection, itis caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira, has extensive vasculitis characterizes, can usually be transmitted indirectly, per contaminated water, rarely directly, and through contact with infected animals. Leptospira bacteria commonly enter the body through the damaged skin or mucous membranes. The clinical syndromes may vary from a subclinical infection and mild febrile condition to severe clinical symptoms with jaundice and renal failure. It is the case report from a woman 36 years old with leptospirosis (Weil’s disease) whose clinical manifestations included: icterus, renal failure, hemorrhagic syndrome and disturbances of consciousness. After the use of antibiotics, symptomatic and substitution therapy, all symptoms resolved completely.

A Comparison of the Motor Performances of Boys and Girls in the Lower Elementary Grades.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiNucci, James M.

This study investigated the possible differences in motor performance between 6- to 9-year-old boys and girls. Forty-eight test items which measured muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurace, power, speed, agility, flexibility, and balance were administered to 238 boys and 183 girls. The t ratio indicated that boys were…

"Six Packs and Big Muscles, and Stuff like That". Primary School-Aged South African Boys, Black and White, on Sport

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bhana, Deevia

2008-01-01

This paper explores the salience of sport in the lives of eight-year-old and nine-year-old South African primary school boys. Drawing on ethnographic and interview data, I argue that young boys' developing relationship with sport is inscribed within particular gendered, raced and classed discourses in South Africa. Throughout the paper I show…

Bias and Undermatching in Delinquent Boys' Verbal Behavior as a Function of Their Level of Deviance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McDowell, J. J.; Caron, Marcia L.

2010-01-01

Eighty-one 13- to 14-year-old boys at risk for delinquency (target boys) engaged in brief dyadic conversations with their peer friends. The target boys' verbal behavior was coded into two mutually exclusive content categories, rule-break talk and normative talk. Positive social responses from peer boys for each category of talk were also recorded,…

[Spinal stenosis at the level of atlas in a boy with Down syndrome. A case report and literature review].

PubMed

Pascual-Gallego, María; Budke, Marcelo; Villarejo, Francisco

2014-01-01

The appearance of congenital anomalies at the level of atlas is frequent in patients with neural alterations, as well as in the Down syndrome. The presence of clinical stenosis for alteration in the posterior arch of C1 without a previous atlantoaxial subluxation hasn't been described in the literature thus far. We report an exceptional case of myelopathy due to compression at the level of the atlas in a 5-year-old boy with Down syndrome provoked by a developmental anomaly of the posterior arch of C1. A posterior laminectomy was achieved at that level with improvement of the previous symptoms. We have to pay special attention in children with syndromes associated with chondrogenesis alterations, as in the case of those with Down syndrome, to benefit from early treatment, since in most of the time they are diagnosed when symptoms are very severe. Copyright © 2012 Sociedad Española de Neurocirugía. Published by Elsevier España. All rights reserved.

[YEL-AND meningoencephalitis in a 4-year-old boy consecutive to a yellow-fever vaccine].

PubMed

Gerin, M; Wroblewski, I; Bost-Bru, C; N'guyen, M-A; Debillon, T

2014-04-01

Yellow fever is a vector-borne disease transmitted by an endemic mosquito in sub-Saharan Africa and tropical South America. It causes fever and possibly liver and renal failure with hemorrhagic signs, which may be fatal. The yellow-fever vaccine is an attenuated vaccine that is recommended for all travelers over the age of 9 months in high-risk areas. Adverse effects have been reported: minor symptoms (such as viral syndrome), hypersensitivity reactions, and major symptoms such as viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) and neurotropic disease (YEL-AND). The yellow-fever vaccine-associated autoimmune disease with central nervous system involvement (such as acute disseminated encephalomyelitis) associates fever and headaches, neurologic dysfunction, seizures, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, and elevated protein, with neuroimaging consistent with multifocal areas of demyelization. The presence of antibodies or virus in CSF, within 1-30 days following vaccination, and the exclusion of other causes is necessary for diagnosis. We describe herein the case of a 4-year-old child who presented with severe encephalitis consecutive to a yellow-fever vaccine, with favorable progression. Diagnosis is based on the chronology of clinical and paraclinical signs and the presence of yellow-fever-specific antibodies in CSF. The treatment consists of symptomatic treatment and immunoglobulin injection. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Treating verbal working memory in a boy with intellectual disability

PubMed Central

Orsolini, Margherita; Melogno, Sergio; Latini, Nausica; Penge, Roberta; Conforti, Sara

2015-01-01

The present case study investigates the effects of a cognitive training of verbal working memory that was proposed for Davide, a 14-year-old boy diagnosed with mild intellectual disability. The program stimulated attention, inhibition, switching, and the ability to engage either in verbal dual tasks or in producing inferences after the content of a short passage had been encoded in episodic memory. Key elements in our program included (1) core training of target cognitive mechanisms; (2) guided practice emphasizing concrete strategies to engage in exercises; and (3) a variable amount of adult support. The study explored whether such a complex program produced “near transfer” effects on an untrained dual task assessing verbal working memory and whether effects on this and other target cognitive mechanisms (i.e., attention, inhibition, and switching) were long-lasting and produced “far transfer” effects on cognitive flexibility. The effects of the intervention program were investigated with a research design consisting of four subsequent phases lasting 8 or 10 weeks, each preceded and followed by testing. There was a control condition (phase 1) in which the boy received, at home, a stimulation focused on the visuospatial domain. Subsequently, there were three experimental training phases, in which stimulation in the verbal domain was first focused on attention and inhibition (phase 2a), then on switching and simple working memory tasks (phase 2b), then on complex working memory tasks (phase 3). A battery of neuropsychological tests was administered before and after each training phase and 7 months after the conclusion of the intervention. The main finding was that Davide changed from being incapable of addressing the dual task request of the listening span test in the initial assessment to performing close to the normal limits of a 13-year-old boy in the follow-up assessment with this test, when he was 15 years old. PMID:26284014

A case of catatonia in a 14-year-old girl with schizophrenia treated with electroconvulsive therapy.

PubMed

Häßler, Frank; Reis, Olaf; Weirich, Steffen; Höppner, Jacqueline; Pohl, Birgit; Buchmann, Johannes

2013-01-01

This article presents a case of a 14-year-old female twin with schizophrenia who developed severe catatonia following treatment with olanzapine. Under a combined treatment with amantadine, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), and (currently) ziprasidone alone she improved markedly. Severity and course of catatonia including treatment response were evaluated with the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS). This case report emphasizes the benefit of ECT in the treatment of catatonic symptoms in an adolescent patient with schizophrenic illness.

[A case of 77-year-old male with spinocerebellar ataxia type 31 with left dominant dystonia].

PubMed

Saito, Rie; Kikuno, Shota; Maeda, Meiko; Uesaka, Yoshikazu; Ida, Masahiro

2014-01-01

We report on the case of a 77-year-old male with genetically proven spinocerebellar ataxia type 31 (SCA31) who had dystonia. He was referred to our hospital for evaluation following a 6-year history of slowly progressive unsteadiness of his left leg during walking and dysarthria at the age of 62 years old. On the basis of his symptoms, we diagnosed him as spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD), and prescribed taltirelin hydrate. However, his symptoms continued to worsen. He required a cane for walking at the age of 63 years, and a wheelchair at the age of 66 years. He was admitted to our hospital following acute cerebral infarction at the age of 77 years. On examination at admission, right hemiparesis and cerebellar ataxia were detected. And left hallux moved involuntarily toward the top surface of the foot at rest, that is dystonia. The dystonia was not associated with cerebral infarction, because it had been several years with dystonia that he got cerebral infarction. Genetic analysis revealed that this patient harbored a heterozygous SCA31 mutation. Previously there have been no reports of SCA31 associated with dystonia. Our case report support clinical heterogeneity of SCA31, and highlight the importance of considering this type in patients with dystonia and ataxia. Patients with the combination of dystonia and ataxia and a family history of a neurodegenerative disorder should be tested for SCA31.

Narcolepsy in a three-year-old girl: A case report.

PubMed

Park, Eu Gene; Lee, Jiwon; Joo, Eun Yeon; Lee, Munhyang; Lee, Jeehun

2016-01-01

Narcolepsy is characterized by excessive daytime somnolence associated with sleep paralysis, hallucinations when falling asleep or awakening, and cataplexy. Early recognition of pediatric narcolepsy is essential for growth and development. We experienced a case of narcolepsy in a three-year-old girl. The patient underwent brain MRI and 24h video-electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring. Polysomnography (PSG) with multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ typing was performed. The brain MRI was normal. 24h video-EEG monitoring revealed no abnormal slow or epileptiform discharge on interictal EEG, and no EEG change during tongue thrusting, dropping head with laughter, or flopping down, which was consistent with cataplexy associated with narcolepsy. A mean sleep latency of 2.5 min and four episodes of sleep-onset REM periods in five naps were observed in PSG with MSLT. She was positive in HLA-DQB1*0602. Based on these findings, she was diagnosed as narcoleptic with cataplexy. The history, combined with PSG and MSLT, was helpful in the diagnosis of narcolepsy. We report a case of early-onset narcolepsy presenting with excessive sleepiness and cataplexy. Copyright © 2015 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Physical activity decreased by a quarter in the 11- to 12-year-old Swedish boys between 2000 and 2013 but was stable in girls: a smartphone effect?

PubMed

Raustorp, Anders; Pagels, Peter; Fröberg, Andreas; Boldemann, Cecilia

2015-08-01

This study explored physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and overweight and obesity from 2000 to 2013 using a convenience sample of second- and fifth-grade Swedish schoolchildren aged 8-9 years and 11-12 years, respectively. We examined cross-sectional cohorts of 126 second-grade children in 2000, 84 in 2006 and 44 in 2013 and 105 fifth-grade children in 2000 and 38 in 2013. No fifth graders were available in 2006. Physical activity data were collected based on pedometer readings over four consecutive weekdays, and height and weight were measured. Identical instruments and procedures were used in all three years. There was an increase in physical activity in second-grade girls from 2000 to 2006 (p < 0.01), which then stabilised between 2006 and 2013, but second-grade boys and fifth-grade girls were stable throughout the study period. Fifth-grade boys decreased significantly (24%) from 16 670 to 12 704 steps per day (p < 0.01) from 2000 to 2013. Mean BMI scores remained stable over time. Time trends in physical activity differed between boys and girls. Second-grade boys and fifth-grade girls were stable throughout, whereas second-grade girls increased from 2000 to 2006 before stabilising. Fifth-grade boys showed a significant 24% reduction from 2000 to 2013. Changes in recess and leisure time habits, such as smartphone use, may have influenced the result. ©2015 Foundation Acta Paediatrica. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

[Pineal anlage tumor in a 8-month-old boy. The first case reported in Spanish language].

PubMed

Rodríguez-Velasco, Alicia; Ramírez-Reyes, Alma Griselda

2014-01-01

The pineal anlage tumor is a very infrequent malign neoplasm. Even though it has been documented in literature, it is not listed yet in the World Health Organization's last nervous system classification (2007). It is a primitive pineal tumor with neuroepithelial and ectomesenchyme differentiation. Due to its low frequency, the understanding of its biological behavior and a suitable treatment are incomplete. In a search performed in PubMed with the term pineal anlage tumor, only seven informed cases were identified between 1989 and 2011. An 8-month-old infant was brought to medical attention because he had a progressive enlargement of the cephalic perimeter, and convergent strabismus of two months of evolution. A pineal tumor was identified. The histology showed glial tissue, ganglia cells, pigmented neuroepithelium and striate muscle cells. A ventriculoperitoneal derivation was done to diminish hydrocephalic pressure and also to led the complete surgical resection. The patient was treated with two courses of chemotherapy with carboplatine, ifosfamide and mesna. One year after the treatment, the patient is asymptomatic. This is the first case reported in Spanish language. Given that it is a really infrequent tumor, it could be misdiagnosed as teratome, melanotic or mesoblastic medulloblastoma, or a melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (melanotic prognoma).

[Optimism of 13-year olds in Poland in the context of self-assessment of health and selected family characteristics].

PubMed

Stalmach, Małgorzata; Jodkowska, Maria; Tabak, Izabela; Oblacińska, Anna

2013-01-01

To examine the level of optimism in 13-year-olds and the relationship between optimism and self-reported health and family psychosocial and economic factors. Adolescents at the age of 13 years (n=605) and their parents, identified in the third stage of a prospective cohort study in 2008, was analysed. To examine the level of optimism the short Polish version of the Wagnilda and Young scale (Resilience Scale) were used. The level of optimism and the relationship between family socio-economic factors and family functioning in the family (parenting practices, satisfaction with family contacts) were examined. For the evaluation of probability of a high level of optimism among 13-year-old girls and boys the multivariate model of logistic was used. Girls had a significantly higher level of optimism. Girls and boys with positive attitude to life rated their health significantly better than their peers with negative attitude. Univariate analyses showed that with the level of optimism father's education level among girls and the professional status of the parents among boys, was significantly associated. Family affluence reported by children, positive parenting and satisfaction with family contacts, were significantly associated with the attitude to life, both in girls and boys. The level of optimism among boys was also related with the level of discipline by the mother and the level of control exercised by both parents. Finally, for girls multiple regression analyses showed that father's positive parenting was a predictor of high level of optimism [OR=0,45; CI(OR):0,23-0,85; p=0,014]. In boys, mother's positive parenting [OR=0,39; CI(OR):0,19-0,82; p=0,013] and appropriate father's control were found to be significant predictors of optimism [OR=0,33; CI(OR): 0,13-0,84; p=0,020]. Very high self-reported health by the majority of young people with positive attitude to life shows that optimism is a strong predictor of subjective health. Positive parenting practices and good

Impacts of recurrent aphthous stomatitis on quality of life of 12- and 15-year-old Thai children.

PubMed

Krisdapong, Sudaduang; Sheiham, Aubrey; Tsakos, Georgios

2012-02-01

To assess the prevalence and characteristics of oral impacts attributed to recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) in 12- and 15-year-olds Thais. A national oral health survey was conducted. Child-OIDP and OIDP indices were used to collect oral impacts in 1,100 12- and 871 15 year olds. RAS-related impacts were reported in 24.7% of 12 and 36.2% of 15 year olds. Girls were more likely than boys to report RAS-related impacts. Among all perceived causes of oral impacts, RAS ranked second for 12 and first for 15 year olds. Among 12 and 15 years olds, 79.8 and 86.8% respectively had impacts on eating, 81.0 and 84.4% on cleaning teeth and 51.7 and 60.3% on emotional stability. For individual children, impacts affected between 1-6 daily performances. Impacts were of 'little' and 'moderate' intensity for 12 and 15 year olds, respectively. RAS-related impacts occurred mostly in combination with impacts from other oral conditions. Combined with other oral conditions, the impacts were worse, in terms of score, intensity and extent, than when RAS occurred alone. RAS-related impacts were common in 12- and 15-year-old Thai children and mostly affected eating, cleaning teeth and emotional stability. RAS tended to occur with other conditions leading to more severe, more extensive impacts on quality of life.

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis in a 21-Year-Old Healthy Woman: A Case Report.

PubMed

McKay, Brianna D; Yeo, Noelle M; Jenkins, Nathaniel D M; Miramonti, Amelia A; Cramer, Joel T

2017-05-01

McKay, BD, Yeo, NM, Jenkins, NDM, Miramonti, AA, and Cramer, JT. Exertional rhabdomyolysis in a 21-year-old healthy woman: a case report. J Strength Cond Res 31(5): 1403-1410, 2017-The optimal resistance training program to elicit muscle hypertrophy has been recently debated and researched. Although 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 70-80% of the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) are widely recommended, recent studies have shown that low-load (∼30% 1RM) high-repetition (3 sets of 30-40 repetitions) resistance training can elicit similar muscular hypertrophy. Incidentally, this type of resistance training has gained popularity. In the process of testing this hypothesis in a research study in our laboratory, a subject was diagnosed with exertional rhabdomyolysis after completing a resistance training session that involved 3 sets to failure at 30% 1RM. Reviewed were the events leading up to and throughout the diagnosis of exertional rhabdomyolysis in a healthy recreationally-trained 21-year-old woman who was enrolled in a study that compared the acute effects of high-load low-repetition vs. low-load high-repetition resistance training. The subject completed a total of 143 repetitions of the bilateral dumbbell biceps curl exercise. Three days after exercise, she reported excessive muscle soreness and swelling and sought medical attention. She was briefly hospitalized and then discharged with instructions to take acetaminophen for soreness, drink plenty of water, rest, and monitor her creatine kinase (CK) concentrations. Changes in the subject's CK concentrations, ultrasound-determined muscle thickness, and echo intensity monitored over a 14-day period are reported. This case illustrates the potential risk of developing exertional rhabdomyolysis after a low-load high-repetition resistance training session in healthy, young, recreationally-trained women. The fact that exertional rhabdomyolysis is a possible outcome may warrant caution when prescribing this type of resistance

Projected financial impact of noncoverage of elective circumcision by Louisiana medicaid in boys 0 to 5 years old.

PubMed

Ortenberg, Joseph; Roth, Christopher C

2013-10-01

Several states, including Louisiana since 2005, no longer cover elective circumcision under Medicaid programs. The recent AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) policy statement recognizes the medical benefits of circumcision and recommends the removal of financial barriers to this procedure. Cost savings are a factor in the limitation of circumcision coverage, although to our knowledge the actual cost savings to Medicaid programs have not been reported. We analyzed the number of circumcisions performed before and after the policy change to determine an accurate cost of such procedures and whether the increased procedure expense mitigates the initial savings. We analyzed the number of neonatal and nonneonatal circumcisions in boys 0 to 5 years old to determine trends during the selected period. A cost model for each procedure was created. Neonatal procedure cost was based on professional fees. Nonneonatal procedure cost was based on professional (surgeon and anesthesia) plus facility fees. The number and cost of procedures were compared before (2002 to 2004) and after (2006 to 2010) the policy change. Linear regression was used to predict future costs. The average annual number and expense of neonatal circumcisions were significantly decreased after the policy change. There was no significant decrease in nonneonatal procedures and expense. Cost per procedure ranged from $88.34 for neonatal to $486.76 for nonneonatal circumcision. Secondary to the increasing number of more costly nonneonatal procedures, the annual expense was predicted to exceed pre-policy levels by 2015. The number of nonneonatal circumcisions is increasing and such procedures place a higher financial burden on the health care system. As a result, the financial benefits of noncoverage of elective circumcision are decreasing. Copyright © 2013 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Aggression and Withdrawal Related Behavior within Conflict Management Progression in Preschool Boys with Language Impairment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horowitz, Laura; Westlund, Karolina; Ljungberg, Tomas

2007-01-01

Objective: This study examined conflict behavior in naturalistic preschool settings to better understand the role of non-affiliative behavior and language in conflict management. Method: Free-play at preschool was filmed among 20 boys with typically developing language (TL) and among 11 boys with Language Impairment (LI); the boys 4-7 years old.…

History of head trauma in a 6-year-old boy: maybe more than meets the eye (and head).

PubMed

Scherl, Leslie; Douglass, Laurie; Augustyn, Marilyn

2013-01-01

It is spring and you are meeting for the first time, Eddie, a recently turned 6-year-old boy who moved to the area in September of the previous year and is here for his 6-year-old health maintenance visit. Eddie's mother is concerned that although he is "only" in kindergarten, he is not retaining any information at school. His mother reports he knew some of his letters before kindergarten. Currently, when he is trying to write a word, for example, "daddy" he will need to ask his mother: "what letter is the letter D?" Before kindergarten, he knew his numbers 1 to 10. At times now, Eddie will forget these numbers. For example, "if he is counting he will forget what comes after 4 and what comes after 9." Mother reports he will start crying for no apparent reason and if she asks why, he will say "I don't know why." Mother is worried that Eddie is sad, although she denies suicidal ideation. She reports he used to like making noise with other kids, and now he cannot stand when the children are noisy. Eddie will comment he does not want to go to school because the kids make lots of noise and his head hurts. He complains of headaches as often as 2 to 3 times a month. She next states, "This was not an issue before his head trauma." At this point, she reveals to you that in August, before the family relocated, Eddie fell from a 7-foot deck onto concrete while playing. He struck his head on the left side and lost consciousness for several seconds until shaken awake. He was nauseous and disoriented initially but without emesis or incontinence. He was taken to the local emergency department where he was admitted for 1 day and diagnosed with closed head injury, left frontal epidural hematoma, and question of postconcussive syndrome. Eddie has gone back to see the neurosurgeon twice over the last 6 months for scheduled visits and since the accident has had no further treatment.Eddie's mother reports that before the accident, if she read him a story from a book, he could remember

Inclusion of Marginalized Boys: A Survey of a Summer School Using Positive Psychology Interventions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andersen, Frans Ørsted; Nissen, Poul; Poulsen, Line

2016-01-01

Marginalized boys at risk of dropping out of high school have for a long time been a problem in the Western world. 100 such Danish 14-16 year old boys were in the summers of 2013, 2014 and 2015 exposed to a new school program, "The Boys Academy," inspired by Seligman and the American KIPP schools suggesting seven character strengths to…

Intervention effects from a social marketing campaign to promote HPV vaccination in preteen boys

PubMed Central

Cates, Joan R.; Diehl, Sandra J.; Crandell, Jamie L.; Coyne-Beasley, Tamera

2014-01-01

Objectives Adoption of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the US has been slow. In 2011, HPV vaccination of boys was recommended by CDC for routine use at ages 11–12. We conducted and evaluated a social marketing intervention with parents and providers to stimulate HPV vaccination among preteen boys. Methods We targeted parents and providers of 9–13 year old boys in a 13 county NC region. The 3-month intervention included distribution of HPV vaccination posters and brochures to all county health departments plus 194 enrolled providers; two radio PSAs; and an online CME training. A Cox proportional hazards model was fit using NC immunization registry data to examine whether vaccination rates in 9–13 year old boys increased during the intervention period in targeted counties compared to control counties (n=15) with similar demographics. To compare with other adolescent vaccines, similar models were fit for HPV vaccination in girls and meningococcal and Tdap vaccination of boys in the same age range. Moderating effects of age, race, and Vaccines for Children (VFC) eligibility on the intervention were considered. Results The Cox model showed an intervention effect (β=0.29, HR=1.34, p=.0024), indicating that during the intervention the probability of vaccination increased by 34% in the intervention counties relative to the control counties. Comparisons with HPV vaccination in girls and Tdap and meningococcal vaccination in boys suggest a unique boost for HPV vaccination in boys during the intervention. Model covariates of age, race and VFC eligibility were all significantly associated with vaccination rates (p<.0001 for all). HPV vaccination rates were highest in the 11–12 year old boys. Overall, three of every four clinic visits for Tdap and meningococcal vaccines for preteen boys were missed opportunities to administer HPV vaccination simultaneously. Conclusions Social marketing techniques can encourage parents and health care providers to vaccinate

Intervention effects from a social marketing campaign to promote HPV vaccination in preteen boys.

PubMed

Cates, Joan R; Diehl, Sandra J; Crandell, Jamie L; Coyne-Beasley, Tamera

2014-07-16

Adoption of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in the US has been slow. In 2011, HPV vaccination of boys was recommended by CDC for routine use at ages 11-12. We conducted and evaluated a social marketing intervention with parents and providers to stimulate HPV vaccination among preteen boys. We targeted parents and providers of 9-13 year old boys in a 13 county NC region. The 3-month intervention included distribution of HPV vaccination posters and brochures to all county health departments plus 194 enrolled providers; two radio PSAs; and an online CME training. A Cox proportional hazards model was fit using NC immunization registry data to examine whether vaccination rates in 9-13 year old boys increased during the intervention period in targeted counties compared to control counties (n=15) with similar demographics. To compare with other adolescent vaccines, similar models were fit for HPV vaccination in girls and meningococcal and Tdap vaccination of boys in the same age range. Moderating effects of age, race, and Vaccines for Children (VFC) eligibility on the intervention were considered. The Cox model showed an intervention effect (β=0.29, HR=1.34, p=.0024), indicating that during the intervention the probability of vaccination increased by 34% in the intervention counties relative to the control counties. Comparisons with HPV vaccination in girls and Tdap and meningococcal vaccination in boys suggest a unique boost for HPV vaccination in boys during the intervention. Model covariates of age, race and VFC eligibility were all significantly associated with vaccination rates (p<.0001 for all). HPV vaccination rates were highest in the 11-12 year old boys. Overall, three of every four clinic visits for Tdap and meningococcal vaccines for preteen boys were missed opportunities to administer HPV vaccination simultaneously. Social marketing techniques can encourage parents and health care providers to vaccinate preteen boys against HPV. Copyright © 2014

Reading for Pleasure among Year 13 Boys: What Are the Possibilities and Problems?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harrison, Bev

2012-01-01

Boys' literacy has been, and continues to be, an area of concern for educationalists at all levels. The decline in boys' reading, which may have negative consequences for their learning, becomes more marked as they get older. This project examined possible reasons for this and implemented strategies designed to increase Year 13 boys' reading. The…

Severe cyanide poisoning from an alternative medicine treatment with amygdalin and apricot kernels in a 4-year-old child.

PubMed

Sauer, Harald; Wollny, Caroline; Oster, Isabel; Tutdibi, Erol; Gortner, Ludwig; Gottschling, Sven; Meyer, Sascha

2015-05-01

The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widespread in children with cancer and is poorly regulated. Case report. We describe a case of severe cyanide poisoning arising from CAM use. A severely agitated, encephalopathic, unresponsive 4-year-old boy (initial Glasgow Coma Scale of 3) with a history of metastatic ependymoma was brought to our emergency department by ambulance services. Initial blood gas analysis demonstrated severe metabolic/lactic acidosis. On detailed questioning of the parents, the use of CAM including intravenous and oral "vitamin B 17" (amygdalin) and oral apricot kernel was reported. After administering sodium thiosulfate, rapid improvement in his medical condition with complete recovery without need for further intensive care treatment was seen. Serum cyanide level was markedly elevated. Cyanide poisoning can be the cause of severe encephalopathy in children receiving CAM treatment with substances containing cyanogenic glycosides.

Sleep-Related Orgasms in a 57-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report.

PubMed

Irfan, Muna; Schenck, Carlos H

2018-01-15

We report a case of problematic spontaneous orgasms during sleep in a 57-year-old woman who also complained of hypnic jerks and symptoms of exploding head syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first case report in the English language literature of problematic spontaneous orgasms during sleep. She had a complex medical and psychiatric history, and was taking oxycontin, venlafaxine, amitriptyline, and lurasidone. Prolonged video electroencephalogram monitoring did not record any ictal or interictal electroencephalogram discharges, and nocturnal video polysomnography monitoring did not record any behavioral or orgasmic event. Periodic limb movement index was zero events/h. Severe central sleep apnea was detected with apnea-hypopnea index = 130 events/h, but she could not tolerate positive airway pressure titration. Sleep architecture was disturbed, with 96.4% of sleep spent in stage N2 sleep. Bedtime clonazepam therapy (1.5 mg) was effective in suppressing the sleep-related orgasms and hypnic jerks. © 2018 American Academy of Sleep Medicine

[A boy with cervical focal myositis].

PubMed

Prop, Serge; van Vuurden, Dannis; van der Kuip, Martijn; van der Voorn, J Patrick; Plötz, Frans B

2014-01-01

Focal myositis is a rare idiopathic pseudotumour that mostly occurs in the extremities in adults. An 8-year-old boy presented with a few months history of swelling in the neck and fever. Ultrasound investigation revealed an inhomogenous mass consistent with lymphadenitis. After nine days of antibiotic therapy, the clinical picture of fever and swelling was unchanged. MRI imaging revealed continuity of the swelling in the sternocleidomastoid muscle and a malignant process was suspected. Microscopy showed no malignant cells, however, but a lymphoplasmocytic infiltration with fibrosis and degeneration of muscle fibres, consistent with focal myositis. No intervention was undertaken and one year after presentation the tumour had regressed almost entirely. Focal myositis can present as a cervical tumour. On ultrasound, the condition is hard to distinguish from lymphadenopathy or malignancy. In cases of insufficient response to empirical antibiotic therapy, focal myositis should be considered.

Dentition status in 12-year-old children in Łódzkie province in 2014.

PubMed

Rybarczyk-Townsend, Ewa; Hilt, Aleksandra; Szczepańska, Joanna

2016-01-01

In the year 2014 an epidemiological study was carried out again in the region of Łódź amongst 12-year old children as a part of general study in Poland. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of carries, caries severity measured by the DMF index among 12-year old children in the region of Łódź. 328 children aged 12 were randomly selected and examined, of which 176 girls and 152 boys respectively. The methodology was based on clinical examination according to WHO standards. The prevalence of carries, DMF index , treatment index was calculated in łodzkie voivodeship. The studies indicated that the prevalence of caries was 67.8 % for 12-year old children and decreased 1.4% in comparison with last studies in the region of Łódź. DMF index also decreased and the value was 1.63. The score obtained caused that the goal proposed by the WHO for 2015 for 12-year-old children was achieved in łodzkie voivodeship. SiC index in the study group was estimated at 4.03. Compare to the previous study in the SiC index value has been reduced in Łódzkie voivodeship. The result makes our study group very close to the next goal proposed by the WHO for 12-year-old children where SiC index should be less than 4. Intensity and prevalence of caries for 12 year old children in Łódź and surrounds suggests that it is on the decrease, and dental state in the study group is satisfactory.

Empathy in Boys with Disruptive Behavior Disorders

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

de Wied, Minet; Goudena, Paul P.; Matthys, Walter

2005-01-01

Background: The present study examined empathy in 8- to 12-year-old clinically referred boys with disruptive behavior disorders (DBD) (n = 25) and age-matched normal controls (n = 24). Method: Situational empathy was assessed by children's emotional and cognitive responses to six empathy-inducing vignettes (displaying sadness, anger or happiness).…

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease): two case reports.

PubMed

El Kohen, A; Planquart, X; Al Hamany, Z; Bienvenu, L; Kzadri, M; Herman, D

2001-12-01

Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy or Destombes-Rosai-Dorfman's syndrome is a rare benign disease of unknown etiology, usually seen in younger patients. The cases reported concerned a 15-month old Caucasian boy and an 8 year old black boy with unilateral cervical enlargement, occasional fever and without any extranodal involvement. Diagnosis was performed by superficial lymph node biopsy. No immunodeficiency was found. The patients received no therapy and a complete spontaneous resolution was seen after a few months in the two cases. The clinical presentation, histologic characteristics, pathogenesis and treatment of the Destombes-Rosai-Dorfman's syndrome are discussed.

A slow progressor HIV-infected boy developing quadriplegia with evidence of Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour of the cervical spinal cord

PubMed Central

Wilaisakditipakorn, Tanaporn; Vilaisaktipakorn, Pitchamol; Bunupuradah, Torsak; Puthanakit, Thanyawee

2015-01-01

The authors report a case of slowly progressive HIV in an 11-year-old boy whose initial presenting AIDS-defining symptom was progressive quadriplegia with complete cord compression and pathological confirmation of Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour. Despite tumour removal, quadriplegia persisted as did ventilator dependence. PMID:26123466

Enterobius vermicularis in a 14-year-old girl's eye.

PubMed

Babady, N Esther; Awender, Erich; Geller, Robert; Miller, Terry; Scheetz, Gayle; Arguello, Heather; Weisenberg, Scott A; Pritt, Bobbi

2011-12-01

We report an unusual case of extraintestinal infection with adult Enterobius vermicularis worms in the nares and ocular orbit of a 14-year-old girl in Illinois. Only one other similar case has been reported in the English-language literature.

Progressive joint limitations as the first alarming signs in a boy with short – limbed dwarfism: A case report

PubMed Central

Al Kaissi, Ali; Klaushofer, Klaus; Grill, Franz

2008-01-01

Introduction Contracture is a condition of abnormal shortening or shrinkage of a muscle, and or a tendon often with persistent flexion or distortion at a joint. Careful documentation of the kind of contractures encountered in different paediatric disorders is important in distinguishing a specific subtype. Achondroplasia has been considered as the most common short-limbed dwarfism syndrome, but there are a variety of other syndromes within this category, and other types of limb shortening. Case presentation We report on a 5-year-old boy of Austrian origin who manifests progressive joint limitations in connection with a dysplastic form of short-limbed dwarfism namely chondrodysplasia punctata-tibial-metacarpal-type. Progressive joint limitations of maximal intensity over the hip, and the ankle joints were the main presenting features. Conclusion Osteochondrodysplasias involve abnormal bone or cartilage growth leading to skeletal maldevelopment, often short-limbed dwarfism. Diagnosis is by physical examination, radiographic documentation, and, in some cases, genetic testing. In patients with chondrodysplasia punctata, early life radiographic examination is fundamental, since resolution of the punctate calcifications leaving abnormal epiphyses and flared and irregular metaphyses after age one to three years seems to be characteristic. PMID:18713450

Ten-year changes in positive and negative marker food, fruit, vegetables, and salad intake in 9-10 year olds: SportsLinx 2000-2001 to 2010-2011.

PubMed

Boddy, L M; Abayomi, J; Johnson, B; Hackett, A F; Stratton, G

2014-06-01

To investigate changes in intakes of 'negative' and 'positive' foods, fruit, vegetables, and salad in serial cohorts of 9-10-year-old children from 2000-2001 to 2010-2011. For this serial, cross-sectional study, children in school year 5 (9-10 years of age) completed the SportsLinx Lifestyles Survey [n = 30,239 (15,336 boys and 14,903 girls)]. Changes in positive and negative food scores, and the proportion of boys and girls reportedly consuming fruit, vegetables and salad on the previous day to surveying, were investigated annually from 2000 to 2011. The consumption of negative foods declined and positive foods increased significantly compared to baseline. Positive changes in fruit, vegetables and salad consumption were observed over time, with the most recent cohort more likely to consume fruit, vegetables and salad compared to the 2000-2001 baseline. Girls displayed more favourable positive and negative food scores and were more likely to consume fruit, salad and vegetables across several study years compared to boys. The consumption of negative and positive foods, fruit, vegetables, and salad has improved over the last 10 years. In addition, girls appear to have better positive and negative food scores, and were more likely to consume fruit, vegetables and salad, across a number of study years or cohorts compared to boys. These encouraging findings suggest that children's food intake has improved since 2000. Furthermore, the data indicate that boys and girls may require separate or different healthy eating messages to further improve food intake. © 2013 The Authors Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics © 2013 The British Dietetic Association Ltd.

CDKL5 variant in a boy with infantile epileptic encephalopathy: case report.

PubMed

Wong, Virginia Chun-Nei; Kwong, Anna Ka-Yee

2015-04-01

A Chinese boy presented at 18 months with intractable epilepsy, developmental delay and autistic features. He had multiple seizure types, including absence, myoclonic seizures, limb spasm and tonic seizures. His seizures were finally controlled at 3 years of age with clonazepam and a short course of chloral hydrate incidentally given for his insomnia. Subsequently, he had improvement in his communication skills. A novel hemizygous missense variant (c.1649G>A; p.R550Q) in exon 12 of CDKL5 gene was detected for him, his asymptomatic mother and elder sister. His phenotype is less severe than other male cases. We recommend screening CDKL5 for boys with pharmarco-resistant epilepsy and a trial of benzodiazepines for Infantile Epileptic Encephalopathy (IEE). Copyright © 2014 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Do Boys Prefer Daddy or His Physical Style of Play?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ross, Hildy; Taylor, Heather

1989-01-01

Observation of 18 three-year-old boys revealed that they reacted more positively to both of their parents when their play style was more physical and active, resembling the typical paternal style. (Author/BJV)

Active Monitoring of a Humeral Osteoblastoma in a 52-Year-Old Male: A Case Report

PubMed Central

Bouchet, Juliette; Lassoued, Donia; Boussier, Nathalie; Birebent, Jordan; Oustric, Stephane; Rouge-Bugat, Marie-Eve

2015-01-01

An osteoblastoma is an uncommon benign but painful tumor, typically found on the axial skeleton or on long bones in the case of young patients. Some cases of humeral osteoblastomas have been described in literature but not in men older than 30. We report the case of a painless bone tumor on the humerus of a 52-year-old patient. The CT scan shows a 30 mm hypodense lacunar formation, surrounded by thickened cortical bone resembling an osteoid osteoma. The anatomopathological and immunohistological analyses support the thesis of an osteoblastoma. A course of radiological monitoring without surgical resection was adopted. This unusual case introduces the possibility of carrying out a differential diagnosis with an osteosarcoma and raises the question of the treatment that should be adopted. PMID:29147426

Examination of the Effect of Perspective-Taking Skills of Six-Year-Old Children on Their Social Competences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gülay Ogelman, Hülya; Oguz, Vuslat; Körükçü, Özlem; Köksal Akyol, Aysel

2017-01-01

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of perspective-taking skills of six-year-old children on their social competences. Determined by two independent kindergartens at Yenisehir district in Mersin as study groups, 115 children (59 girls, 56 boys) in the age group of 6, constituted the study group of the study. In order to reveal the…

Boys' serotonin transporter genotype affects maternal behavior through self-control: a case of evocative gene-environment correlation.

PubMed

Pener-Tessler, Roni; Avinun, Reut; Uzefovsky, Florina; Edelman, Shany; Ebstein, Richard P; Knafo, Ariel

2013-02-01

Self-control, involving processes such as delaying gratification, concentrating, planning, following instructions, and adapting emotions and behavior to situational requirements and social norms, may have a profound impact on children's adjustment. The importance of self-control suggests that parents are likely to modify their parenting based on children's ability for self-control. We study the effect of children's self-control, a trait partially molded by genetics, on their mothers' parenting, a process of evocative gene-environment correlation. Israeli 3.5-year-old twins (N = 320) participated in a lab session in which their mothers' parenting was observed. DNA was available from most children (N = 228). Mothers described children's self-control in a questionnaire. Boys were lower in self-control and received less positive parenting from their mothers, in comparison with girls. For boys, and not for girls, the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region gene predicted mothers' levels of positive parenting, an effect mediated by boys' self-control. The implications of this evocative gene-environment correlation and the observed sex differences are discussed.

Bone pain, growth failure, and skin rash after an upper respiratory illness in a boy with autism: possible association with altered retinoid metabolism.

PubMed

Mawson, Anthony R

2009-01-01

Symptoms of bone pain and skin rashes are not uncommon following a variety of infectious illnesses, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The case of a 9-year-old boy with autism was recently described, who was hospitalized because of pain in the right hip, refusal to walk, fatigue, irritability, skin rash, and subsequent gingival swelling after an unspecified upper respiratory illness. The boy was diagnosed with scurvy. However, the gingival symptoms occurred after treatment with indomethacin, which lowers vitamin C levels; severe bone pain and fatigue are also well-documented symptoms of hypervitaminosis A. This review of a case report of a boy with autism provides an opportunity to present a new hypothesis of the mechanism of these postinfection symptoms in the context of an increasingly common condition of childhood.

Decreased prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia and stabilisation of obesity trends in 5-year-old children: possible effects of changed public health policies.

PubMed

Sedej, Katarina; Kotnik, Primož; Avbelj Stefanija, Magdalena; Grošelj, Urh; Širca Čampa, Andreja; Lusa, Lara; Battelino, Tadej; Bratina, Nataša

2014-02-01

Overweight/obesity in children is a worldwide public health problem. Together with hypercholesterolaemia they are associated with early atherosclerotic complications. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anthropometric characteristics and total cholesterol (TC) levels in a population of 5-year-old children, to determine trends in the prevalence of overweight/obesity and hypercholesterolaemia in 5-year-old children over a period of 8 years (2001-2009) and to assess the impact of modified national nutritional guidelines for kindergartens implemented in 2005. Cross-sectional studies of overweight/obesity prevalence in the years 2001, 2003-2005 and 2009, and hypercholesterolaemia in years 2001 and 2009, in 5-year-old children. Altogether, 12 832 (6308 girls/6524 boys) children were included. Overweight/obesity was defined by IOTF criteria. Hypercholesterolaemia was defined by TC level >5 mmol/l. Multivariable logistic regression models were used. NO CORRELATION BETWEEN BMI VALUES AND TC LEVELS WAS FOUND. OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY PREVALENCE WERE STABILISED FROM 2001 TO 2009 (ODDS RATIO (OR) (95% CI): 1.13 (0.99-1.3) and 1.13 (0.89-1.42) respectively). Girls were more frequently overweight/obese than boys (OR (95% CI): 0.71 (0.65-0.79) and 0.75 (0.64-0.89) respectively). Prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia significantly decreased from 2001 to 2009 (OR (95% CI): 0.47 (0.41-0.55)). It was less frequent in boys than in girls (OR (95% CI): O.7 (0.61-0.8)). This is the first study to describe a negative trend in the prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia in pre-pubertal children. In addition, the prevalence of overweight/obesity in these children has been stabilised. Nationwide changes in public health policies could have influenced these observations.

Muscular Strength and Power in 3-to 7-Year-Old Children.

PubMed

Fry, Andrew C; Irwin, Carol C; Nicoll, Justin X; Ferebee, David E

2015-08-01

To determine absolute and relative (adjusted for body mass) strength, mean power, and mean velocity for upper and lower body resistance exercises, forty-seven young boys and girls participated in maximal strength testing. Healthy young boys and girls, ages 3- to 7-years old, were tested for one-repetition maximum (1-RM) strength, and 70% of 1-RM to determine mean power and mean velocity on the chest press and leg press exercises. Adult weight machines were modified to accommodate the smaller size and lower strength levels of the children. A 2 × 4 (sex × age) ANOVA was used to determine age and sex differences in performance. No interaction or sex differences were observed for any variable at any age. 1-RM strength, mean power, and mean velocity significantly increased across ages (p ≤ .05). When adjusted for body mass, the changes were insignificant, with one exception. Relative mean power for the bench press increased with age. Data indicated children from 3-7 years of age are capable of performing strength and power tests, but may require more attempts at maximal loads compared with adults. It appears that muscular strength and velocity during this stage of development are primarily dependent on increasing body mass, whereas power is influenced by additional variable(s).

"I Didn't Used to Have Much Friends": Exploring the Friendship Concepts and Capabilities of a Boy with Autism and Severe Learning Disabilities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Potter, Carol

2015-01-01

Whilst progress has been made in understanding the friendships of children with autism, research on the friendships of children with additional learning disabilities remains extremely limited. In this research, a qualitative case study approach provided a rich description of the friendship concepts and capabilities of Ben, a 10-year-old boy with…

A slow progressor HIV-infected boy developing quadriplegia with evidence of Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour of the cervical spinal cord.

PubMed

Wilaisakditipakorn, Tanaporn; Vilaisaktipakorn, Pitchamol; Bunupuradah, Torsak; Puthanakit, Thanyawee

2015-06-29

The authors report a case of slowly progressive HIV in an 11-year-old boy whose initial presenting AIDS-defining symptom was progressive quadriplegia with complete cord compression and pathological confirmation of Epstein-Barr virus associated smooth muscle tumour. Despite tumour removal, quadriplegia persisted as did ventilator dependence. 2015 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.

Case report: aortic dissection and cystic medial degeneration in a 24-year-old without Marfan syndrome.

PubMed

Caraang, Chris; El-Bialy, Adel

2004-12-01

The effective management of aortic dissection relies heavily on a high index of suspicion followed by timely definitive diagnosis. Young adults without a history of blunt trauma who are not at risk for atherosclerotic disease may lower this suspicion. We present a 24-year-old patient with complaints of chest pain who presented in multiple urgent care clinics and emergency departments. With a normal chest radiograph, he was repeatedly discharged home on analgesics until a loud murmur was heard. An echocardiogram revealed a dilated aortic root with an intimal flap consistent with a type II dissection. After surgical aortic repair with a Bentall procedure, he was discharged with complete relief of symptoms. Histologic reports revealed cystic medial degeneration. Physical examinations did not demonstrate the phenotypic manifestations of Marfan syndrome. This case illustrates the importance of cardiac auscultation when assessing an individual with chest pain, even with a low likelihood for alteration in arterial structure, and the maintenance of a high index of clinical suspicion despite a normal chest radiograph. We consider this case to be of interest because of its rarity in a 24-year-old.

The effect of smoking on periodontal health of 15- to 16-year-old adolescents.

PubMed

Heikkinen, Anna Maria; Pajukanta, Riitta; Pitkäniemi, Janne; Broms, Ulla; Sorsa, Timo; Koskenvuo, Markku; Meurman, Jukka H

2008-11-01

Smoking is a severe risk factor for periodontal health in adults, but data on the effect of smoking on periodontal health in teenage populations are sparse. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of duration and quantity of smoking on periodontal health in teenagers and possible differences between genders. The oral health of 501 adolescents (15- to 16-year-old boys [n = 258] and girls [n = 243]) was examined. A structured questionnaire about self-reported smoking and health habits was filled out, and bitewing x-rays were taken. Clinical examinations included measuring periodontal indexes, such as visible plaque index, bleeding on probing, root calculus (RC), probing depth, and attachment loss. Results were analyzed by generalized linear logistic regression. Twenty-five percent of boys and 27% of girls were smokers. The boys and girls who smoked had higher RC values than non-smokers (P <0.001). The adjusted scores for smoking boys and girls were 17.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.6 to 31.7) and 13.6 (95% CI: 5.5 to 29.7), respectively. The adjusted scores for non-smokers were 10.4 (95% CI: 5.7 to 18.3) and 7.7 (95% CI: 3.3 to 17.3), respectively. Smoking boys and girls also had more periodontal pockets > or =4 mm than non-smokers: the score for boys was 4.6 (95% CI: 2.2 to 9.1), and the score for girls was 5.4 (95% CI: 1.1 to 23.2; P <0.001). Smoking significantly impaired periodontal health in teenagers.

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome with medulloblastoma in an African-American boy: A rare case illustrating gene-environment interaction

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Korczak, J.F.; Goldstein, A.M.; Kase, R.G.

We present an 8-year-old African-American boy with medulloblastoma and nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) who exhibited the radiosensitive response of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) formation in the area irradiated for medulloblastoma. Such a response is well-documented in Caucasian NBCCS patients with medulloblastoma. The propositus was diagnosed with medulloblastoma at the age of 2 years and underwent surgery, chemotherapy, and craniospinal irradiation. At the age of 6 years, he was diagnosed with NBCCS following his presentation with a large odontogenic keratocyst of the mandible, pits of the palms and soles and numerous BCCs in the area of the back andmore » neck that had been irradiated previously for medulloblastoma. Examination of other relatives showed that the propositus mother also had NBCCS but was more mildly affected; in particular, she had no BCCs. This case illustrates complex gene-environment interaction, in that increased skin pigmentation in African-Americans is presumably protective against ultraviolet, but not ionizing, radiation. This case and other similar cases in the literature show the importance of considering NBCCS in the differential diagnosis of any patient who presents with a medulloblastoma, especially before the age of 5 years, and of examining other close relatives for signs of NBCCS to determine the patient`s at-risk status. Finally, for individuals who are radiosensitive, protocols that utilize chemotherapy in lieu of radiotherapy should be considered. 27 refs., 4 figs.« less

[The prevalence and types of bullying in 13 to 17 year-old Brazilian schoolchildren].

PubMed

Santos, Jalber Almeida Dos; Cabral-Xavier, Alidianne F; Paiva, Saul Martins; Leite-Cavalcanti, Alessandro

2014-01-01

Determining the prevalence and type of bullying in 13 to 17 year-old Brazilian schoolchildren and analyzing the associated factors. Simple random sampling was used for selecting 525 schoolchildren. Data was collected by a single researcher using the Training and Mobility on Research (TMR) model questionnaire on bullying. Students who admitted suffering this kind of violence three or more times during the year the data was collected were considered as victims of bullying. The data was stored in SPSS and analysed using the Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests (p<0.05). The students' average age was 14.2 years old (±1.1); 54.1 % of the sample was female. 23.6 % of those surveyed were characterized as victims of bullying; most were aged 14 years old (27.3 %), male (31.5 %), in the 7th year of school (25.3 %) and no difference was found regarding when they attended school (i.e. morning or afternoon sessions). However, an association was found between gender and bullying at school (p<0.001). The most prevalent form of bullying was verbal (87.7 %) followed by relational (37.7 %) and physical bullying (19.7 %). There was a high prevalence of bullying, boys being the main victims; the predominant type of bullying was verbal.

Neuropsychological Function in a Case of Dandy-Walker Variant in a 68-Year-Old Veteran.

PubMed

Gross, Patricia L; Kays, Jill L; Shura, Robert D

2016-01-01

Dandy-Walker syndrome (DWS) is a congenital brain malformation that is characterized by partial or complete agenesis of the cerebellar vermis and cystic dilatation of the 4th ventricle that shifts ventrolaterally to displace the cerebellar hemispheres. This case is a 68-year-old male veteran with complaints of new-onset cognitive disorder who was found to have previously unsuspected DWS on head computed tomography. This is one of the first case studies to present complete neuropsychological test results in a veteran with DWS. Despite the level of abnormality on imaging, the veteran functioned well until onset of mild cognitive impairments in late adulthood.

The Athletic Skills Track: Age- and gender-related normative values of a motor skills test for 4- to 12-year-old children.

PubMed

Hoeboer, J J A A M; Ongena, G; Krijger-Hombergen, M; Stolk, E; Savelsbergh, G J P; de Vries, S I

2018-02-07

The aim of the presented study is to provide age- and gender-related normative values and MQ values for a motor skills test, the Athletic Skills Track, among 4- to 12-year-old children. Cross-sectional. In 2016, a total of 7977 Dutch children, 4036 boys (mean age 8.6 years, SD 2.1) and 3941 girls (mean age 8.6 years, SD 2.1), performed an age-related version of the Athletic Skills Track (AST). The AST is a track consisting of 5-7 fundamental movement skill tasks that should be completed as fast as possible. The children performed the test during a regular physical education (PE) lesson under the supervision of their own PE teacher. For each version of the AST (AST-1: n=917; AST-2: n=3947; AST-3: n=3213) age- and gender-related reference centiles were derived from the gathered data using the Lambda, Mu, Sigma (LMS) method. All children completed the AST within 60s (mean 29.6s, SD 7.7). An independent samples t-test showed that boys were significantly faster in completing the track than girls, except for the 4-year-old boys. Therefore, age- and gender-related reference centiles were derived. The reference curves demonstrate an almost linear decrease in time to complete AST-1 and AST-2 with increasing age. The present study provides age- and gender-related normative values and MQ values for the AST among 4- to 12-year-old Dutch children. With these normative values PE teachers can interpret children's performance on the AST. Copyright © 2018 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

"Boys Business": An Unusual Northern Australian Music Program for Boys in the Middle Years of Schooling

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Bob

2004-01-01

The Northern Territory's population commingles Anglo, European and Asian cultural communities. At over 25 percent, it also has Australia's proportionately largest indigenous population. Consequently it presents an amazing proving ground for people-related research projects. One such project is "Boys Business", involving middle years'…

Plague and the gallium scan: case report

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stahly, T.L.; Shoop, J.D.

1975-11-01

Inflammation in the right axillary lymph nodes and the meninges was detected by $sup 67$Ga-citrate scans in an 11-year-old boy with Yersinia pestis infection. This case provides another example of $sup 67$Ga localizing to areas of infection, indicating potential utility in future cases of bubonic plague. (auth)

Trends in overweight and obesity among 5-7-year-old White and South Asian children born between 1991 and 1999.

PubMed

Balakrishnan, Ravikumar; Webster, Premila; Sinclair, Don

2008-06-01

To determine the trends in overweight and obesity among White and South Asian children aged 5-7 years born between 1991 and 1999 and included in the East Berkshire Child Health System. Children were grouped into nine cohorts based on their year of birth. The UK National BMI percentile classification was used to classify the children as overweight and obese and to examine the prevalence and trends by year of birth, sex and ethnicity. Overall, more boys (10.1%; 9.7-10.6%) than girls (9.1%; 8.7-9.6%) were obese (P < 0.003). South Asian boys were more likely to be overweight (OR 1.92; 95% CI 1.62-2.28; P < 0.01) and obese (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.28-1.89; P < 0.01) than South Asian girls. Overweight (1.77; 1.56-2.00; P < 0.05) and obesity (1.76; 1.50-2.06; P < 0.05) were significantly higher among South Asian boys compared with their White counterparts (baseline). After adjusting for sex, ethnicity and year of birth, South Asian children were 27% more overweight (P < 0.01) and 45% more obese (P < 0.01) compared with White children, and boys were 6% more overweight (P = 0.04) and 12% more obese (P = 0.003) compared with girls. There was an increasing trend in overweight among boys (P = 0.01) and girls (P = 0.003); and in obesity among boys (P < 0.001) and girls (P = 0.008) in children born from 1991 to 1999. There is a significant rise in childhood obesity among 5-7-year-old children. Overweight and obesity among South Asian boys are significantly higher than that among South Asian girls. This group may be at greater risk of morbidity and mortality related to obesity and may need to be targeted appropriately for interventions to reduce obesity.

Spinal neurofibromatosis with central nervous system involvement in a set of twin girls and a boy: further expansion of the phenotype.

PubMed

Ruggieri, Martino; Polizzi, Agata; Salpietro, Vincenzo; Incorpora, Gemma; Nicita, Francesco; Pavone, Piero; Falsaperla, Raffaele; Nucifora, Caterina; Granata, Francesca; Distefano, Angela; Padua, Luca; Caltabiano, Rosario; Lanzafame, Salvatore; Gabriele, Anna Lia; Ortensi, Andrea; D'Orazi, Valerio; Panunzi, Andrea; Milone, Pietro; Mankad, Kshitij; Platania, Nunzio; Albanese, Vincenzo; Pavone, Vito

2013-10-01

Familial spinal neurofibromatosis is a form of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), consisting of extensive, symmetrical, histologically proven, multiple neurofibromas of the spinal roots at every level and of all major peripheral nerves sometimes associated with typical NF1 stigmata; most cases underlie NF1 gene mutations. The objectives of this study are (1) to report the findings in a set of 16-year-old monozygotic twin girls and a 14-year-old boy and (2) to review the existing literature. In this article, we report the cases of three children who (1) had manifested mildly different symptomatic neuropathy (twins, aged 4 years; and a boy, aged 9 years) associated with massive, symmetrical neurofibromas; (2) had few café-au-lait spots with irregular margins and pale brown pigmentation; (3) were presented with, at brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bilateral, NF1-like high-signal abnormalities in the basal ganglia; (4) yielded missense NF1 gene mutations in exon 39; and (5) had unaffected parents with negative NF1 genetic testing as well as discuss 12 families and 20 sporadic and 5 additional cases that presented spinal neurofibromatosis within classical NF1 families (53 cases) that were reported in the literature. This article presents the first report on (1) spinal neurofibromatosis in a set of affected monozygotic twins; (2) the earliest onset of the disease; and (3) the occurrence of high signal lesions in the brain at MRI. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.

The Color of Misbehaving: Two Case Studies of Deviant Boys in a Magnet School.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Emihovich, Catherine A.

Case studies of a black boy and a white boy from a kindergarten class in a desegregated school examined the effects of teacher attitudes on students' conformity to classroom behavior norms. Both boys had been referred to the school psychologist by their teacher because of their disruptive classroom behavior. Information collected on the two boys…

Longitudinal Evaluation of Muscle Composition Using Magnetic Resonance in 4 Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Case Series.

PubMed

Senesac, Claudia R; Lott, Donovan J; Forbes, Sean C; Mathur, Sunita; Arpan, Ishu; Senesac, Emily S; Walter, Glenn A; Vandenborne, Krista

2015-07-01

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an inherited recessive X chromosome-linked disease, is the most severe childhood form of muscular dystrophy. Boys with DMD experience muscle loss, with infiltration of intramuscular fat into muscles. This case series describes the progression of DMD in boys using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Magnetic resonance results are then compared with an established functional timed test. Four boys with DMD and 4 healthy age-matched controls were chosen from a larger cohort. Boys with DMD were assessed at 4 time points over 2 years, with controls assessed at baseline only. Progression of the disease was documented by assessing the plantar flexors using MRI and MRS techniques and by assessing ambulation using the 30-Foot Fast Walk Test. Transverse relaxation time (T2) values were elevated in all boys with DMD at baseline. The lipid ratio increased rapidly as the disease progressed in 2 boys. Discrete changes in T2 in the other 2 boys with DMD indicated a slower disease progression. Magnetic resonance imaging and MRS allowed monitoring of the disease over all time periods regardless of ambulation status. The magnetic resonance data were collected with 2 different magnets at 2 different field strengths (1.5 and 3.0 T). Although we corrected for this difference, care must be taken in interpreting data when different image collection systems are used. This was a case series of 4 boys with DMD taken from a larger cohort study. Magnetic resonance imaging and MRS are objective, noninvasive techniques for measuring muscle pathology and can be used to detect discrete changes in both people who are ambulatory and those who are nonambulatory. These techniques should be considered when monitoring DMD progression and assessing efficacy of therapeutic interventions. © 2015 American Physical Therapy Association.

Longitudinal Evaluation of Muscle Composition Using Magnetic Resonance in 4 Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Case Series

PubMed Central

Lott, Donovan J.; Forbes, Sean C.; Mathur, Sunita; Arpan, Ishu; Senesac, Emily S.; Walter, Glenn A.; Vandenborne, Krista

2015-01-01

Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an inherited recessive X chromosome-linked disease, is the most severe childhood form of muscular dystrophy. Boys with DMD experience muscle loss, with infiltration of intramuscular fat into muscles. Objectives This case series describes the progression of DMD in boys using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Magnetic resonance results are then compared with an established functional timed test. Methods Four boys with DMD and 4 healthy age-matched controls were chosen from a larger cohort. Boys with DMD were assessed at 4 time points over 2 years, with controls assessed at baseline only. Progression of the disease was documented by assessing the plantar flexors using MRI and MRS techniques and by assessing ambulation using the 30-Foot Fast Walk Test. Results Transverse relaxation time (T2) values were elevated in all boys with DMD at baseline. The lipid ratio increased rapidly as the disease progressed in 2 boys. Discrete changes in T2 in the other 2 boys with DMD indicated a slower disease progression. Magnetic resonance imaging and MRS allowed monitoring of the disease over all time periods regardless of ambulation status. Limitations The magnetic resonance data were collected with 2 different magnets at 2 different field strengths (1.5 and 3.0 T). Although we corrected for this difference, care must be taken in interpreting data when different image collection systems are used. This was a case series of 4 boys with DMD taken from a larger cohort study. Conclusions Magnetic resonance imaging and MRS are objective, noninvasive techniques for measuring muscle pathology and can be used to detect discrete changes in both people who are ambulatory and those who are nonambulatory. These techniques should be considered when monitoring DMD progression and assessing efficacy of therapeutic interventions. PMID:25592189

Ethnic group and alcohol consumption: the case of 15-16-year-olds in Leicestershire.

PubMed

Denscombe, M

1995-03-01

factor and highlight the danger of aggregating the results from different ethnic groups. In the case of Leicestershire, the effect of ignoring the ethnic dimension would have been to underestimate significantly the extent of drinking among the White 15-16-year-olds. Methodologically, the findings offer some support for the continued use of 'South Asian' as an analytic category since the variations observed within the category were relatively minor, especially in comparison with results for the White 15-16-year-olds.

Miniplate for osteosynthesis in a 9-year-old with symphysis fracture: clinical report.

PubMed

Srinivasan, Ila; Kumar, Naveen; Jaganathan, Udhya; Bhandari, Arihant

2013-09-01

Osteosynthesis using minimum material in pediatric mandibular fractures is the key, due to the limited space available in the mandible, especially in the mental foramen and apical region. There is an important role of open reduction and rigid internal fixation in re-establishing facial height, width and projection. During the early years of growth and development, there is a high osteogenic potential of the bones. The thick periosteum allows for rapid consolidation and remodeling at the site of fracture. Primary teeth have short, bulbous crowns which compromise stable maxillomandibular fixation during fracture reduction and stabilization using traditional methods. Further, stability of the fractured segments may be hampered because of the displaced or mobile permanent anterior teeth in the mixed dentition along the line of fracture. This clinical report outlines the use of miniplate with monocortical screws in a 9-year-old boy with symphysis fracture. How to cite this article: Srinivasan I, Kumar N, Jaganathan U, Bhandari A. Miniplate for Osteosynthesis in a 9-Year-Old with Symphysis Fracture: Clinical Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(3):213-216.

Developmental Trajectories of Boys' Driven Exercise and Fasting During the Middle School Years.

PubMed

Davis, Heather A; Guller, Leila; Smith, Gregory T

2016-10-01

Boys appear to engage in eating disorder behavior, particularly nonpurging compensatory behaviors such as driven exercise and fasting, at higher rates than previously thought. Little is known about the development of these behaviors in adolescent boys. In a sample of 631 non-binge eating and non-purging boys studied once in 5th grade and 6 times over the 3 years of middle school (grades 6 through 8), we found that (a) for some youth, driven exercise and fasting were present from grade 6; (b) different boys progressed along different trajectories of engagement in driven exercise and fasting, with some boys engaging in no driven exercise or fasting (65.8 % and 83.5 %, respectively), some boys engaging in driven exercise and fasting throughout middle school (25.2 % and 16.5 %, respectively), and other boys discontinuing engagement in driven exercise (9 %); (c) 5th grade depression, eating expectancies, and thinness expectancies predicted subsequent trajectory group membership; and (d) boys engaging in driven exercise and fasting in 8th grade remained distressed. Boys' engagement in driven exercise and fasting behavior merits the attention of researchers and clinicians.

Gastrointestinal parasitic infection, anthropometrics, nutritional status, and physical work capacity in Colombian boys.

PubMed

Wilson, W.M.; Dufour, D.L.; Staten, L.K.; Barac-Nieto, M.; Reina, J.C.; Spurr, G.B.

1999-11-01

This article tests the hypothesis that the presence of gastrointestinal parasites in Colombian boys is negatively associated with anthropometric characteristics, physical work capacity, blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and nutritional status. Anthropometric, Hb, &Vdot;O(2) max, and parasite load data were collected on 1,016 boys in Cali, Colombia. The boys were classified as lower socioeconomic class (SEC) from either urban or rural environments, and upper SEC from an urban environment. Sixty-three percent of the boys were infected with gastrointestinal parasites and, of the infected boys, 80-95% had light parasite loads. Parasites found included Necator americanus, Ascaris lumbricoides, Entamoeba histolytica, Trichuris trichiura, Giardia spp., and Enterobius vermicularis. Infected boys had significantly lower weight, stature, weight-for-height (among 6-9-year-old boys), Hb levels, and &Vdot;O(2) max (ANCOVA, controlling for age and SEC). In terms of nutritional status, infected boys were 1.47 times more likely to be classified as iron deficient than noninfected boys (chi-square, P < 0.001), and 1.61 times more likely to be classified as stunted (P < 0.001). Infection was not associated with wasting in any SEC group. In conclusion, light to moderate gastrointestinal parasite loads were associated with significantly lower weight, stature, weight-for-height (in 6-9-year-old boys), Hb levels, and &Vdot;O(2) max, and a significantly higher frequency of IDA and stunting. These data suggest that comprehensive analyses of the nutritional status of populations in regions endemic for parasitic infection should include testing for the presence of infection. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 11:763-771, 1999. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Recurrent seizures, mental retardation and extensive brain calcinosis related to delayed diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism in an adolescent boy.

PubMed

Eom, Tae-Hoon; Kim, Young-Hoon; Kim, Jung-Min

2015-05-01

Reports of adolescent patients presenting with intractable seizures and mental retardation secondary to idiopathic hypothyroidism are uncommon in the literature. In this case, we report a 17-year-old boy who developed recurrent seizures, mental retardation and extensive brain calcinosis related to delayed diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism. Hypoparathyroidism can be easily missed in children and adolescents, and may lead to irreversible neurologic sequelae. This case highlights the need to consider hypocalcemia in any patient with uncontrolled seizures. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

29 Year Old Man with Multiple Sclerosis and Schizophrenia: A Case Report.

PubMed

Noorani, Nahid; Hadi, Fateme; Ahmadkhaniha, Hamid Reza

2016-12-01

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common debilitating neurological disease that affects adults, whether young adults or middle-aged. Although, most attention is toward the neurological signs of the disease, the neuropsychiatric signs are not uncommon. This case report presents a 29 year old male with a record of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) without psychotic disorder, which coincides with the diagnosis MS, has been stricken to auditory hallucinations and reference delusion. The patient received some antipsychotic drugs such as Haloperidol and Perphenazine irregularly, but any psychotic signs of the patient were never in control. During this period he had several active episodes of MS disease, wherein the symptoms had subsided due to hospitalization and received corticosteroids pulse. The first time the patient was submitted to the emergency unit of Rasoul Akram Hospital, there was the possibility of schizophrenia which was confirmed in subsequent visits. The signs of the patient were not controllable for a long time and finally fully controlled by a combination of Aripiprazole (abilizol), Risperidone and Sertraline, and currently, for almost 3 years, both psychotic symptoms and MS disease have been under control. Our patient seems to catch the MS disease and schizophrenia simultaneously. There was no relation between MS and psychosis episodes and the MS attacks. Since the onset the patient had several acute MS attacks of MS, and hospitalization several times. These findings and characteristics regarding our patient made him completely different from other reported cases of MS along with neuropsychiatric signs which may help doctors in diagnosis and managment of similar cases.

Dieting behaviors, body shape perceptions, and body satisfaction: cross-cultural differences in Argentinean and Swedish 13-year-olds.

PubMed

Holmqvist, Kristina; Lunde, Carolina; Frisén, Ann

2007-06-01

This exploratory study represents a cross-cultural effort to examine differences in dieting practices and weight loss attempts, perceived body shape, and body satisfaction between young Argentinean and Swedish adolescents. The study group consisted of 358 Argentinean (193 girls, 165 boys) and 874 Swedish (474 girls, 400 boys) 13-year-olds. A main finding was that Argentinean and Swedish adolescents did not differ on body satisfaction, although girls in both countries displayed greater body dissatisfaction than did boys. Dieting and weight loss attempts were more prevalent among the Argentinean adolescents, especially among girls, and did not appear to depend on overweight or perception of body shape. The samples also differed in their perceptions of body shape and the effect those perceptions had on their body satisfaction, with Swedish adolescents suffering more from negative body shape perceptions.

Correlates of screen time among 8-19-year-old students in China.

PubMed

Ye, Sunyue; Chen, Lijian; Wang, Qineng; Li, Qinggong

2018-04-10

Previous studies have shown that prolonged time spent on screen-based sedentary behavior was significantly associated with lower health status in children, independent of physical activity levels. The study aimed to explore the individual and environmental correlates of screen time (ST) among 8-19-year-old students in China. The study surveyed ST using a self-administered questionnaire in Chinese students aged 8-19 years; 1063 participants were included in the final analysis. Individual and environmental correlates of ST were assessed using a mixed-effects model (for continuous outcome variables) and multiple logistic regression model (for binary outcome variables). Prolonged ST was observed in 14.7% of boys and 8.9% of girls. Of the ST, weekend and mobile phone/tablet use represented 80% and 40%, respectively. A positive relationship was observed between media accessibility and ST in both boys and girls (p < 0.05), whereas the presence of parents/others while using screens was a negative factor for longer ST (p < 0.05). Among the assessed correlates, access to a television (TV) in students' bedrooms was associated with prolonged total and weekend ST (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). However, spending time on a mobile phone/tablet or a computer rather than viewing a TV, along with increased media accessibility, increased ST. These results indicate that greater media accessibility was positively associated and the presence of parents/others was negatively associated with prolonged ST in both Chinese boys and girls. Development of new and effective strategies against prolonged ST are required, especially for small screen device-based ST on weekends.

A case report of ocular toxocariasis.

PubMed

Azira, N M S; Zeehaida, M

2011-04-01

Ocular toxocariasis is prevalent among children. The symptoms and signs may mimic other ocular pathologies such as malignancies and other infectious diseases (such as toxoplasmosis and syphilis). We presented a case of progressive blurring of vision in a single eye of a 9-year-old boy. The presence of anti-toxocara antibody in serum samples helps to confirmation the diagnosis in our patient. Despite of treatment, the boy had lost his vision on the affected eye.

A case report of ocular toxocariasis

PubMed Central

Azira, NMS; Zeehaida, M

2011-01-01

Ocular toxocariasis is prevalent among children. The symptoms and signs may mimic other ocular pathologies such as malignancies and other infectious diseases (such as toxoplasmosis and syphilis). We presented a case of progressive blurring of vision in a single eye of a 9-year-old boy. The presence of anti-toxocara antibody in serum samples helps to confirmation the diagnosis in our patient. Despite of treatment, the boy had lost his vision on the affected eye. PMID:23569750

Uric acid, an important screening tool to detect inborn errors of metabolism: a case series.

PubMed

Jasinge, Eresha; Kularatnam, Grace Angeline Malarnangai; Dilanthi, Hewa Warawitage; Vidanapathirana, Dinesha Maduri; Jayasena, Kandana Liyanage Subhashinie Priyadarshika Kapilani Menike; Chandrasiri, Nambage Dona Priyani Dhammika; Indika, Neluwa Liyanage Ruwan; Ratnayake, Pyara Dilani; Gunasekara, Vindya Nandani; Fairbanks, Lynette Dianne; Stiburkova, Blanka

2017-09-06

Uric acid is the metabolic end product of purine metabolism in humans. Altered serum and urine uric acid level (both above and below the reference ranges) is an indispensable marker in detecting rare inborn errors of metabolism. We describe different case scenarios of 4 Sri Lankan patients related to abnormal uric acid levels in blood and urine. CASE 1: A one-and-half-year-old boy was investigated for haematuria and a calculus in the bladder. Xanthine crystals were seen in microscopic examination of urine sediment. Low uric acid concentrations in serum and low urinary fractional excretion of uric acid associated with high urinary excretion of xanthine and hypoxanthine were compatible with xanthine oxidase deficiency. CASE 2: An 8-month-old boy presented with intractable seizures, feeding difficulties, screaming episodes, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism and severe neuro developmental delay. Low uric acid level in serum, low fractional excretion of uric acid and radiological findings were consistent with possible molybdenum cofactor deficiency. Diagnosis was confirmed by elevated levels of xanthine, hypoxanthine and sulfocysteine levels in urine. CASE 3: A 3-year-10-month-old boy presented with global developmental delay, failure to thrive, dystonia and self-destructive behaviour. High uric acid levels in serum, increased fractional excretion of uric acid and absent hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase enzyme level confirmed the diagnosis of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. CASE 4: A 9-year-old boy was investigated for lower abdominal pain, gross haematuria and right renal calculus. Low uric acid level in serum and increased fractional excretion of uric acid pointed towards hereditary renal hypouricaemia which was confirmed by genetic studies. Abnormal uric acid level in blood and urine is a valuable tool in screening for clinical conditions related to derangement of the nucleic acid metabolic pathway.

Estimation of body fat and body fat distribution in 11-year-old children using magnetic resonance imaging and hydrostatic weighing, skinfolds, and anthropometry.

PubMed

Peters, Derek; Fox, Kenneth; Armstrong, Neil; Sharpe, Peter; Bell, Mary

1994-01-01

From early pubescence, both degree and distribution of fatness have been related to health risk factors. Measures that are capable of providing estimates of overall fatness and the extent of high risk fat patterning are, therefore, advantageous. The objective of this study was to compare estimates of body fatness and fat distribution using magnetic resonance imaging with the traditional methods of hydrostatic weighing, skinfolds, and anthropometry in 11-year-old boys and girls. Subjects were 25 boys and 25 girls, representative of their age cohort's body mass index (BMI) range. Total fat using MRI was obtained by summing subcutaneous and internal fat areas from four transaxial scans at the chest, waist, hips, and thigh. Mean MRI total fat (MRI FAT) was 357 (±152) cm 2 with a range of 172-739 cm 2 for boys and 427 (±174) cm 2 with a range of 209-995 for girls. Correlation analyses revealed strong relationships between MRI FAT and UWW FAT (r = 0.73 boys, r = 0.77 girls), and the sum of four skinfolds (r = 0.94 boys, r = 0.88 girls). Analysis of the MRI data alone revealed that MRI FAT variation is largely explained by subcutaneous fat deposition at the waist in boys and at the level of the buttocks in girls, with most skinfolds correlating highly with MRI FAT in both sexes. Results of stepwise multiple regression showed that an abdominal skinfold and thigh circumference explained 95% of MRI FAT in boys, and 86% of the variance in girls. These data show that magnetic resonance images can provide useful information for the identification of discriminating field measures of fatness and its distribution in 11-year-old children. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Copyright © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc., A Wiley Company.

A rare case of spontaneous Aspergillus spondylodiscitis with epidural abscess in a 45-year-old immunocompetent female.

PubMed

Raj, K Ambedkar; Srinivasamurthy, Banushree C; Nagarajan, Krishnan; Sinduja, M G Ilavarasi

2013-07-01

Vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis are mainly due to bacterial infections though fungal infections are one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus involving intervertebral disc space is extremely rare. We report a case of aspergillosis of intervertebral L5-S1 disc space with spinal epidural abscess in an immunocompetent 45-year-old female which can add on to a few case reports described in literature as well as an insight for clinicians regarding this rare spontaneous infection in an immunocompetent patient.

A case of pachydermodactyly in a seventeen year old associated with repetitive minor trauma.

PubMed

Abdelrahman, W; Walsh, M Y; Smyth, A; Alderice, D

2016-08-15

A boy presented initially to a Rheumatology clinic with a three year history of asymptomatic swelling of the third to fourth proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints bilaterally. A presumptive diagnosis of seronegative arthritis was made. Sulfasalazine was commenced without improvement and resulted in mood disturbance. Blood tests including ESR, lupus anticoagulant, rheumatoid factor and CCP antibodies were unremarkable. Hand radiographs were normal. MRI showed oedema within soft tissues around PIP joints. His care was transferred to the Rheumatology unit in our hospital and the rheumatological diagnosis was revised; sulfasalazine was stopped and skin biopsy organised. Onward referral to Dermatology was made. Examination revealed symmetrical swelling and thickening of soft tissues on PIP joints with no evidence of joint synovitis. He denied habitual behaviour but was noted to rub his fingers subconsciously. With this as a cause of repetitive minor trauma, a clinical diagnosis of pachydermodactyly was made. Skin biopsy was supportive showing a dermis with coarse collagen. Pachydermodactyly is rare. This case highlights the importance of prompt recognition to avoid invasive and excessive diagnostic procedures as well as unnecessary immunosuppression.

The case for vaccinating boys against human papillomavirus.

PubMed

Hull, Sarah C; Caplan, Arthur L

2009-01-01

Vaccination policy in the case of human papillomavirus (HPV) has remained a constant source of controversy ever since Gardasil, Merck's vaccine against HPV, received US Food and Drug Administration approval in the summer of 2006. This controversy has centered on the risks and benefits of vaccinating girls and women in rich and poor nations alike. However, despite all of the attention created by this important policy question, relatively little has been focused on another key public health question: should boys be vaccinated against HPV as well? If herd immunity against the most carcinogenic strains of HPV could be more rapidly and efficiently achieved by vaccinating everyone at risk for being a carrier, it logically follows that vaccine policy should expand to include boys and men. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Reference Intervals of Hematology and Clinical Chemistry Analytes for 1-Year-Old Korean Children

PubMed Central

Lee, Hye Ryun; Roh, Eun Youn; Chang, Ju Young

2016-01-01

Background Reference intervals need to be established according to age. We established reference intervals of hematology and chemistry from community-based healthy 1-yr-old children and analyzed their iron status according to the feeding methods during the first six months after birth. Methods A total of 887 children who received a medical check-up between 2010 and 2014 at Boramae Hospital (Seoul, Korea) were enrolled. A total of 534 children (247 boys and 287 girls) were enrolled as reference individuals after the exclusion of data obtained from children with suspected iron deficiency. Hematology and clinical chemistry analytes were measured, and the reference value of each analyte was estimated by using parametric (mean±2 SD) or nonparametric methods (2.5-97.5th percentile). Iron, total iron-binding capacity, and ferritin were measured, and transferrin saturation was calculated. Results As there were no differences in the mean values between boys and girls, we established the reference intervals for 1-yr-old children regardless of sex. The analysis of serum iron status according to feeding methods during the first six months revealed higher iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels in children exclusively or mainly fed formula than in children exclusively or mainly fed breast milk. Conclusions We established reference intervals of hematology and clinical chemistry analytes from community-based healthy children at one year of age. These reference intervals will be useful for interpreting results of medical check-ups at one year of age. PMID:27374715

Reference Intervals of Hematology and Clinical Chemistry Analytes for 1-Year-Old Korean Children.

PubMed

Lee, Hye Ryun; Shin, Sue; Yoon, Jong Hyun; Roh, Eun Youn; Chang, Ju Young

2016-09-01

Reference intervals need to be established according to age. We established reference intervals of hematology and chemistry from community-based healthy 1-yr-old children and analyzed their iron status according to the feeding methods during the first six months after birth. A total of 887 children who received a medical check-up between 2010 and 2014 at Boramae Hospital (Seoul, Korea) were enrolled. A total of 534 children (247 boys and 287 girls) were enrolled as reference individuals after the exclusion of data obtained from children with suspected iron deficiency. Hematology and clinical chemistry analytes were measured, and the reference value of each analyte was estimated by using parametric (mean±2 SD) or nonparametric methods (2.5-97.5th percentile). Iron, total iron-binding capacity, and ferritin were measured, and transferrin saturation was calculated. As there were no differences in the mean values between boys and girls, we established the reference intervals for 1-yr-old children regardless of sex. The analysis of serum iron status according to feeding methods during the first six months revealed higher iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels in children exclusively or mainly fed formula than in children exclusively or mainly fed breast milk. We established reference intervals of hematology and clinical chemistry analytes from community-based healthy children at one year of age. These reference intervals will be useful for interpreting results of medical check-ups at one year of age.

Case Report of a 21-Year-Old Man With Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita.

PubMed

Cyr, Janelle; Liu, Annie; Ghazarian, Danny; Siddha, Sanjay

Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a rare acquired type of mechanobullous disease affecting the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) of trauma prone acral surfaces. It manifests as tense vesicles, bullae, and milia and typically heals as atrophic hypo- or hyperpigmented scars. Classic noninflammatory mechanobullous EBA typically presents at a mean age of 48 years. A 21-year-old man presented with a 2-year history of nonpainful papular-vesicular lesions on his hands, knees, and toes after minor trauma to these areas. Physical exam revealed postinflammatory hypopigmented scarring and milia to the bilateral dorsal hands and bilateral extensor elbows and knees, with tense blisters on the dorsal hand and patella regions. Direct immunofluorescence revealed strong linear IgG and IgM with weak focal positivity for IgA and C3 at the DEJ. Blood work revealed an increased diffuse gamma region of 71 g/L (6-13 g/L) on serum protein electrophoresis. Pathology showed a fibrotic underlying dermis, with subepidermal bullae and separation and no significant inflammation. The patient was started on colchicine. This case showcases an unusual early age of presentation for mechanobullous EBA and illustrates the importance of interpreting pathology in the context of clinical findings and maintaining a high index of suspicion for EBA in younger patients who present with classic findings. This case is unique as it is the first report of an association between EBA and polyclonal gammopathy and could be suggestive of chronic inflammation, which would fit with our patient's chronic history of EBA.

Hemophilia and Sports: Guidelines for Participation. Case Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLain, Larry G.; Heldrich, Fred T.

1990-01-01

Presents a case report of a 15-year-old boy with severe hemophilia who played soccer 1 school year but was denied continued participation following another screening examination. Before deciding about participation, physicians must assess the type and severity of hemophilia and risk factors for injury. Appropriate sports for hemophiliacs are…

Dihydrocodeine Overdoses in a Neonate and in a 14-year-old Girl Who Were Both Genotyped as Cytochrome P450 2D6*1/*10-*36: Comparing Developmental Ages and Drug Monitoring Data With the Results of Pharmacokinetic Modeling.

PubMed

Shimizu, Makiko; Kondo, Tatsuki; Fukuoka, Tetsuya; Tanaka, Toshihiro; Yamazaki, Hiroshi

2018-04-01

A high activity of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) reportedly leads to toxicity of dihydrocodeine/codeine by increasing toxic potential of their metabolite dihydromorphine/morphine, which are further metabolized to highly active dihydromorphine 6-O-glucuronide and the less active morphine 3-O-glucorinide but rapidly excreted into urine as water-soluble forms. A case of acute respiratory depression after administration of prescribed dihydrocodeine phosphate (2.0 mg/d divided twice a day for 2 days) to a 1-month-old baby boy genotyped as CYP2D6*1/*10-*36 is described. The case is compared with that of a 14-year-old girl, also genotyped as CYP2D6*1/*10-*36, presenting in an agitated state after an overdose (37 mg) of dihydrocodeine phosphate taken as simultaneous ingestion of multiple over-the-counter tablets. In contrast to the rapid clearance of dihydrocodeine from blood in the 14-year-old girl (apparent half-life of 3 hours), the 1-month-old baby boy still had high serum concentrations of dihydrocodeine (400 nmol/L) and dihydromorphine (1.9 nmol/L) 21 hours after the last oral administration of dihydrocodeine-containing cough mixture. The rapid clearance in the 14-year-old girl was mainly attributed to dihydrocodeine glucuronidation and partly attributed to dihydromorphine formation, as determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses. However, the conjugation ratios of dihydrocodeine and dihydromorphine in the neonate were low in comparison with those in the 14-year-old girl and with those measured in 3-, 6-, and 13-year-old control subjects, resulting from the poorly developed glucuronidation potential of the neonate. The current observations suggest that the CYP2D6*1/*10-*36 genotype seen in the 2 Japanese patients may not significantly contribute to the likelihood of dihydrocodeine overdose but highlight the importance of considering age when prescribing dihydrocodeine.

School day and weekend patterns of physical activity in urban 11-year-olds: a cross-cultural comparison.

PubMed

Jurak, Gregor; Sorić, Maroje; Starc, Gregor; Kovač, Marjeta; Mišigoj-Duraković, Marjeta; Borer, Katarina; Strel, Janko

2015-01-01

This multi-center study was conducted to objectively evaluate energy expenditure and physical activity (PA) patterns on school days and weekends in urban 11-year-olds. The sample consisted of 241 children from three cities: Zagreb, Ljubljana (both in Central Europe) and Ann Arbor (United States). Energy expenditure and PA were assessed during two school days and two weekend days using a multiple-sensor body monitor. Differences between the cities were observed for all PA variables. The highest level of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) was noted in Ljubljana boys [284 (98) min/day] and the lowest in Zagreb girls [179 (95) min/day]. In Zagreb and Ljubljana, boys were more physically active than girls, while in Ann Arbor the opposite was observed. In contrast, no gender difference in sedentary behavior was observed in any of the cities. A decline in PA from school days to weekends was noted in all city groups in both genders. However, the magnitude of the reduction in daily energy expenditure differed between the cities, with the largest differences being observed in Ljubljana and the smallest in Ann Arbor. In all three city groups, the great majority of boys and girls achieved current recommendations of 60 min of MVPA either during school days or weekends. Weekends seem to be an appropriate target when promoting PA in 11-year-olds in all the cities included in the study. Increasing vigorous activity on weekends seems to be of particular importance in Zagreb and Ljubljana. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The Missing Tooth: Case Illustrations of a Child's Assembled, Out-of-School Authorship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters, Kari-Lynn

2012-01-01

Case illustrations of a six-year-old boy's adventures with a missing tooth are used in this paper to re-define a broader notion of authorship. Drawing on theories of social semiotics, New Literacy Studies (NLS), and critical positioning, this notion of authorship not only interweaves the boy's preferred modes of meaning-making and communication,…

[Tourette syndrome and reading disorder in a boy with left parietofrontal tract disruption].

PubMed

Martín Fernández-Mayoralas, D; Fernández-Jaén, A; Gómez Herrera, J J; Jiménez de la Peña, M

2014-01-01

We present the case of a nine-year-old boy with Tourette syndrome and reading disorder with a history of a severe infectious process in the late neonatal period. Brain MRI showed a left parietal malacotic cavity and diffusion tensor imaging and tractography showed a striking disruption of the white matter bundle that joins the left parietal region with the ipsilateral frontal region with involvement of the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and of the left arcuate fasciculus. Although Tourette syndrome and reading disorder are fundamentally hereditary neuropsychiatric disorders, they can also occur secondary to cerebral alterations like those existing in this boy. The introduction of modern neuroimaging techniques in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders (or the risk of developing them) can be very useful in the diagnosis and prognosis in the future. Copyright © 2011 SERAM. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.

Language development and affecting factors in 3- to 6-year-old children.

PubMed

Muluk, Nuray Bayar; Bayoğlu, Birgül; Anlar, Banu

2014-05-01

The aim of this study was to assess factors affecting language developmental screening test results in 33.0- to 75.0-month-old children. The study group consists of 402 children, 172 (42.8%) boys and 230 (57.2%) girls, aged 33.0-75.0 months who were examined in four age groups: 3 years (33.0-39.0 months), 4 years (45.0-51.0 months), 5 years (57.0-63.0 months) and 6 years (69.0-75.0 months). Demographic data and medical history obtained by a standard questionnaire and Denver II Developmental Test results were evaluated. Maternal factors such as mother's age, educational level, and socioeconomic status (SES) correlated with language items in all age groups. Linear regression analysis indicated a significant effect of mother's education and higher SES on certain expressive and receptive language items at 3 and 4 years. Fine motor items were closely related to language items at all ages examined, while in the younger (3- and 4-year-old) group gross motor items also were related to language development. Maternal and socioeconomic factors influence language development in children: these effects, already discernible with a screening test, can be potential targets for social and educational interventions. The interpretation of screening test results should take into account the interaction between fine motor and language development in preschool children.

[Odontogenic adenomatoid tumor. Apropos of 2 cases in Dakar].

PubMed

Cantaloube, D; Larroque, G; Ahounou, J R; Rives, J M; Seurat, P

1987-01-01

Two cases of large adenomatoid odontogenic tumor seen recently in Senegal are thought to be the first cases of this type reported in West Africa. One patient was a 25 year old woman and the other an 11 year old boy, the clinical history and lesions being identical in both cases. Simple enucleation appeared to be the treatment of choice in view of the constantly reported benign nature of these tumors. It is difficult, or almost impossible however, to differentiate this tumor from dentigerous cyst on radiology, justifying routine minute pathologic examination of all operated paradental cysts.

Typhoid ulcer causing life-threatening bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesion of the ileum in a seven-year-old child: a case report

PubMed Central

2010-01-01

Introduction We describe a case of rare complication of typhoid fever in a seven-year-old child and review the literature with regard to other rare causes of bleeding per rectum. Dieulafoy's lesion is an uncommon but important cause of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. Dieulafoy's lesion located extragastrically is rare. We report a case of typhoid ulcer with Dieulafoy's lesion of the ileum causing severe life-threatening bleeding and discuss the management of this extremely uncommon entity. Case presentation As a complication of typhoid fever, a seven-year-old Kurdish girl from Northern Iraq developed massive fresh bleeding per rectum. During colonoscopy and laparotomy, she was discovered to have multiple bleeding ulcers within the Dieulafoy's lesion in the terminal ileum and ileocecal region. Conclusion Although there is no practical way of predicting the occurrence of such rare complications, we emphasize in this case report the wide array of pathologies that can result from typhoid fever. PMID:20525295

An Adolescent Boy with Comorbid Anorexia Nervosa and Hashimoto Thyroiditis.

PubMed

Pehlivantürk Kızılkan, Melis; Kanbur, Nuray; Akgül, Sinem; Alikaşifoğlu, Ayfer

2016-03-05

Low triiodothyronine syndrome is a physiological adaptation encountered in anorexia nervosa (AN) and generally improves with sufficient weight gain. However, when a primary thyroid pathology accompanies AN, both the evaluation of thyroid hormone levels and the management of the co-morbid disease become more challenging. Hashimoto thyroiditis could complicate the management of AN by causing hyper- or hypothyroidism. AN could also negatively affect the treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis by altering body weight and metabolic rate, as well as by causing drug non-compliance. We present the case of a 15-year-old boy with comorbid AN restrictive sub-type and Hashimoto thyroiditis. In this case report, we aimed to draw attention to the challenges that could be encountered in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients with AN when accompanied by Hashimoto thyroiditis.

A rare case of spontaneous Aspergillus spondylodiscitis with epidural abscess in a 45-year-old immunocompetent female

PubMed Central

Raj, K. Ambedkar; Srinivasamurthy, Banushree C.; Nagarajan, Krishnan; Sinduja, M. G. Ilavarasi

2013-01-01

Vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis are mainly due to bacterial infections though fungal infections are one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus involving intervertebral disc space is extremely rare. We report a case of aspergillosis of intervertebral L5-S1 disc space with spinal epidural abscess in an immunocompetent 45-year-old female which can add on to a few case reports described in literature as well as an insight for clinicians regarding this rare spontaneous infection in an immunocompetent patient. PMID:24744568

Enterobius vermicularis in a 14-Year-Old Girl's Eye ▿

PubMed Central

Babady, N. Esther; Awender, Erich; Geller, Robert; Miller, Terry; Scheetz, Gayle; Arguello, Heather; Weisenberg, Scott A.; Pritt, Bobbi

2011-01-01

We report an unusual case of extraintestinal infection with adult Enterobius vermicularis worms in the nares and ocular orbit of a 14-year-old girl in Illinois. Only one other similar case has been reported in the English-language literature. PMID:21956983

Can Salience of Gender Identity Impair Math Performance among 7-8 Years Old Girls? The Moderating Role of Task Difficulty

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Neuville, Emmanuelle; Croizet, Jean-Claude

2007-01-01

Can the salience of gender identity affect the math performance of 7-8 year old girls? Third-grade girls and boys were required to solve arithmetical problems of varied difficulty. Prior to the test, one half of the participants had their gender identity activated. Results showed that activation of gender identity affected girls' performance but…

On Jorge Becoming a Boy: A Counselor's Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wright, Travis

2007-01-01

In this portrait, Travis Wright, writing as a psychology counselor in training, brings the reader into one morning's events in his clinical work with Jorge, a three-year-old boy whose family is experiencing difficult times. Throughout the morning at Jorge's day-care center, Wright encounters scenarios that force him to ask questions about child…

Psychosocial and demographic predictors of fruit, juice and vegetable consumption among 11-14-year-old Boy Scouts

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Psychosocial and demographic correlates of fruit, juice, and vegetable (FJV) consumption were investigated to guide how to increase FJV intake. Experimental design consisted of hierarchical multiple regression analysis of FJV consumption on demographics and psychosocial variables. Subjects were boys...

Maternal Depression and Expressive Communication in One-Year-Old Infants

PubMed Central

Kaplan, Peter S.; Danko, Christina M.; Everhart, Kevin D.; Diaz, Andres; Asherin, Ryan; Vogeli, JoAnn; Fekri, Shiva

2014-01-01

To separate effects of maternal depression on infant cognitive versus language development, 1-year-olds were assessed using the revised Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (BSID-III). Percentile scores on the Bayley Expressive Communication (EC) subscale were significantly negatively correlated with maternal self-report scores on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). However, mothers’ BDI-II scores did not correlate with infant percentile scores on the general cognitive (COG) or receptive communication (RC) subscales. Boys had significantly lower percentile scores than girls on the RC and EC scales, but did not differ on the Cog scale. Gender and maternal depression did not significantly interact on any of the scales. These findings suggest problems with expressive communication precede, and may at least partially account for, apparent deficits in general cognitive development. PMID:24953222

Cognitive Development: Two-Year-Old

MedlinePlus

... Español Text Size Email Print Share Cognitive Development: Two-Year-Old Page Content Article Body Think back ... touching, looking, manipulating, and listening. Now, as a two-year-old, the learning process has become more ...

Distribution of keratometry and its determinants in a general population of 6- to 12-year-old children.

PubMed

Hashemi, Hassan; Saatchi, Mohammad; Khabazkhoob, Mehdi; Emamian, Mohammad Hassan; Yekta, Abbasali; Fotouhi, Akbar

2018-03-01

To determine the distribution of keratometry and its determinants in Iranian school children. The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 in Shahroud in the north of Iran. The entire rural population of elementary school children was invited to the study. In urban areas, cluster sampling was conducted. Pentacam HR (Oculus Inc., Lynnwood, WA) was used to measure the flat meridian, the steep meridian, and the mean keratometry. Linear regression was used to determine the associated variables with mean keratometry. Of 5620 participated in the study, 5559 children were analyzed after applying the exclusion criteria. Mean keratometry was 43.56 ± 1.96 diopters (D) (95% confidence interval = 43.48-43.64) in the total sample, 43.18 ± 2.23 D (95% confidence interval = 43.09-43.26) in boys, and 44.01 ± 1.46 D (95% confidence interval = 43.95-44.07) in girls (p < 0.001). The highest and lowest mean keratometry was 43.28 ± 1.66 D (95% confidence interval = 43.00-43.55) and 42.89 ±2.70 D (95% confidence interval = 42.68-43.11) in 6-year-old and 10-year-old children, respectively (p = 0.031). The results of multiple linear regression showed that mean keratometry in girls was 0.82 D higher than in boys (p < 0.001), and in groups older than 9 years, it was significantly decreased. Mean keratometry in myopic children was 0.62 D higher than emmetropic children (p < 0.001). This study provided valuable findings from the status of keratometry in Iranian children. In line with other studies, corneal power was higher in girls than in boys, and the cornea becomes flatter with age in children.

Childhood pemphigus foliaceus. Report of a case.

PubMed

Sotiriou, L; Herszenson, S; Jordon, R E

1980-06-01

A case is reported of a 4-year-old black boy with pemphigus foliaceus. The patient is unusual because of age, sex, race, and distribution of lesions, Confirmation of diagnosis was made by both routine histopathology and direct immunofluorescence microscopy. The patient responded rapidly to prednisone therapy.

"I am happy that God made me a boy": Zambian adolescent boys' perceptions about growing into manhood.

PubMed

Dahlbäck, Elisabeth; Makelele, Patrick; Phillimon, Ndubani; Bawa, Yamba; Bergtröm, Staffan; Ransjö-Arvidson, Anna-Berit

2003-04-01

Adolescence is a period of transition during which a person is neither considered a child nor an adult. As little is known about adolescent boys' perceptions, norms, role models and gender relations that influence their male identity and behaviour, this qualitative study was conducted. Data were drawn from seven FGDs and twelve mails of adolescent boys (15-19 years old) residing in two townships outside Lusaka and Kitwe in Zambia. Findings show that growing up to a man entails a certain level of ambiguity and contradictory perceptions in terms of supposedly appropriate social and sexual behaviour but indicates a few alternatives. Based on the findings, we recommend that the information gap, misconceptions and anxiety among boys regarding their male identity should be addressed. The respondents suggested that an educational programme that will pay due attention to their needs and answer their questions should be designed and implemented with active involvement of male adolescent peers.

Validity of an Athletic Skills Track among 6- to 12-year-old children.

PubMed

Hoeboer, Joris; De Vries, Sanne; Krijger-Hombergen, Michiel; Wormhoudt, René; Drent, Annelies; Krabben, Kay; Savelsbergh, Geert

2016-11-01

The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and validity of an Athletic Skills Track (AST) to assess fundamental movement skills among 6- to 12-year-old children in a physical education setting. Four hundred sixty-three Dutch children (211 girls, 252 boys) completed three tests: the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) and two Athletic Skills Tracks (AST-1, AST-2). The validity of AST-1 and AST-2 was examined by correlating the time (s) needed to complete the tracks and the KTK Motor Quotient (MQ). Overall, there was a low correlation between AST-1 and the KTK MQ (r = -0.474 (P < 0.01)) and a moderate correlation between AST-2 and the KTK MQ (r = -0.502 (P < 0.01)). When split up by age group the associations were much higher and ranged between r = -0.469 and r = -0.767), with the exception of the low correlation coefficient of the AST-2 in 7-year-olds. The results indicate that fundamental movement skills of 6- to 12-year-old children can be assessed with a quick, convenient and low-cost motor competence test in a physical education setting, i.e., an Athletic Skills Track. Future studies should further assess the reliability, discriminative ability and validity of age-specific versions of the AST.

Empathy in Boys with Gender Identity Disorder: A Comparison to Externalizing Clinical Control Boys and Community Control Boys and Girls

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Owen-Anderson, Allison F. H.; Jenkins, Jennifer M.; Bradley, Susan J.; Zucker, Kenneth J.

2008-01-01

Objective: The construct of empathy was examined in 20 boys with gender identity disorder (GID), 20 clinical control boys with externalizing disorders (ECC), 20 community control boys (NCB), and 20 community control girls (NCG). The mean age of the children was 6.86 years (range = 4-8 years). It was hypothesized that boys with GID would show…

Typhoid ulcer causing life-threatening bleeding from Dieulafoy's lesion of the ileum in a seven-year-old child: a case report.

PubMed

Ezzat, Rajan Fuad; Hussein, Hiwa A; Baban, Trifa Shawkat; Rashid, Abbas Tahir; Abdullah, Khaled Musttafa

2010-06-03

We describe a case of rare complication of typhoid fever in a seven-year-old child and review the literature with regard to other rare causes of bleeding per rectum. Dieulafoy's lesion is an uncommon but important cause of recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. Dieulafoy's lesion located extragastrically is rare. We report a case of typhoid ulcer with Dieulafoy's lesion of the ileum causing severe life-threatening bleeding and discuss the management of this extremely uncommon entity. As a complication of typhoid fever, a seven-year-old Kurdish girl from Northern Iraq developed massive fresh bleeding per rectum. During colonoscopy and laparotomy, she was discovered to have multiple bleeding ulcers within the Dieulafoy's lesion in the terminal ileum and ileocecal region. Although there is no practical way of predicting the occurrence of such rare complications, we emphasize in this case report the wide array of pathologies that can result from typhoid fever.

Cutaneous mucormycosis as a presenting feature of type 1 diabetes in a boy - case report and review of the literature.

PubMed

Jevalikar, Ganesh; Sudhanshu, Siddhnath; Mahendru, Sanjay; Sarma, Smita; Farooqui, Khalid J; Mithal, Ambrish

2018-06-27

Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal complication of diabetes. The rhino-orbito-cerebral form is the most common presentation, however, rarely other types can also be seen. We describe the case of a 4½ -year-old boy not previously known to be a diabetic who presented to the plastic surgery department for gangrene of the left middle finger with surrounding erythema and induration. After the diagnosis of diabetes and initial treatment, pus from the wound showed broad aseptate hyphae suggestive of mucormycosis which was further confirmed on culture. Aggressive surgical debridement including amputation, antifungal treatment and glycemic control achieved a complete cure. Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare complication of type 1 diabetes mellitus and can even be seen at the onset of diabetes. High index of suspicion, timely antifungal treatment and aggressive surgical debridement usually lead to recovery in the localized form of the disease.

Executive function assessment in New Zealand 2-year olds born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia.

PubMed

Ansell, Judith M; Wouldes, Trecia A; Harding, Jane E

2017-01-01

A growing number of babies are born with perinatal risk factors that may impair later development. These children are often assessed at 2 years to help predict outcome and direct support services. Executive function is an important predictor of academic achievement and behavior, but there are limited assessments of executive function in 2-year-olds and few have been tested in at-risk populations. Therefore, we developed a battery of four age-appropriate tasks to assess executive function in 2-year-olds. At 24 months' corrected age 368 children completed tasks assessing attention, inhibition, working memory and cognitive flexibility. Scores on different tasks were weakly correlated, suggesting that they measured separate aspects of executive function, with combined scores for this cohort approximating a normal distribution. Significantly more boys (67%) than girls (57%) were unable to inhibit their behavior on the Snack Delay Task and girls (M = 3.24, SD = 2.4) had higher mean scores than boys (M = 2.7, SD = 2.7) on the Ducks and Buckets Reverse Categorization Task of working memory. Performance was significantly affected by family socioeconomic status. Mean scores were lower on all four individual tasks and on the global score of overall performance in children from a low household income (<$40,000) compared to those from medium ($40,001-$70,000) and high income households (>$70,001). Maternal education was only associated with scores on the working memory task and the global score; and a measure of neighborhood deprivation was only associated with scores on the two inhibitory tasks and the global score. Our findings confirm the feasibility of assessing executive function in 2-year-olds, and its ability to discriminate effects of socioeconomic status, a common confounder in child development research. Further development and standardization of this test battery comparing at-risk children with a normative population would provide a much-needed measure of executive

Executive function assessment in New Zealand 2-year olds born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

A growing number of babies are born with perinatal risk factors that may impair later development. These children are often assessed at 2 years to help predict outcome and direct support services. Executive function is an important predictor of academic achievement and behavior, but there are limited assessments of executive function in 2-year-olds and few have been tested in at-risk populations. Therefore, we developed a battery of four age-appropriate tasks to assess executive function in 2-year-olds. At 24 months’ corrected age 368 children completed tasks assessing attention, inhibition, working memory and cognitive flexibility. Scores on different tasks were weakly correlated, suggesting that they measured separate aspects of executive function, with combined scores for this cohort approximating a normal distribution. Significantly more boys (67%) than girls (57%) were unable to inhibit their behavior on the Snack Delay Task and girls (M = 3.24, SD = 2.4) had higher mean scores than boys (M = 2.7, SD = 2.7) on the Ducks and Buckets Reverse Categorization Task of working memory. Performance was significantly affected by family socioeconomic status. Mean scores were lower on all four individual tasks and on the global score of overall performance in children from a low household income (<$40,000) compared to those from medium ($40,001-$70,000) and high income households (>$70,001). Maternal education was only associated with scores on the working memory task and the global score; and a measure of neighborhood deprivation was only associated with scores on the two inhibitory tasks and the global score. Our findings confirm the feasibility of assessing executive function in 2-year-olds, and its ability to discriminate effects of socioeconomic status, a common confounder in child development research. Further development and standardization of this test battery comparing at-risk children with a normative population would provide a much-needed measure of executive

Anaphylaxis to ibuprofen in a 12-year-old boy

PubMed Central

Kay, Emily; Ben-Shoshan, Moshe

2013-01-01

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) drugs are a group of medications acting through cyclooxygenase  (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase  (COX-2) enzymes inhibition. Hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs, although not rare, are poorly characterised and often go undiagnosed especially in children. We present in this paper a case of ibuprofen anaphylaxis that exemplifies the challenges involved in diagnosis and management of hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs. PMID:23322307

Rosai-Dorfman disease and juvenile xanthogranuloma in a Thai boy: report of a case.

PubMed

Poklang, Vacharee; Shuangshoti, Somruetai; Chaipipat, Mookda; Nuchprayoon, Issarang; Shuangshoti, Shanop

2006-01-01

A 3-year-old Thai boy suffered from two histiocytoses, Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) and juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). The patient first presented with massive cervical lymphadenopathy at the age of one year. Biopsy revealed typical RDD; abnormally large CD68- and S-100 protein-positive histiocytes with occasional emperipolesis filled up the sinuses. Two years later, he developed polyuria and polydypsia. Skull film demonstrated osteolytic lesions at the occiput and left parietal region. Enlargement of the pituitary stalk was found on the magnetic resonance imaging. Despite the clinical impression of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, biopsy of the occipital lesion disclosed numerous large histiocytes with foamy cytoplasm. Several Touton giant cells with wreath-like arrangement of the nuclei were also observed. The abnormal cells expressed CD68 and factor XIIIa, but were non-reactive with S-100 protein and CD1a. Biopsy of the pituitary stalk was not performed According to the authors' literature search, this represents the first report of RDD and JXG affecting the same person.

Acute quadriplegic myopathy in a 17-month-old boy.

PubMed

Salviati, L; Laverda, A M; Zancan, L; Fanin, M; Angelini, C; Meznaric-Petrusa, M

2000-01-01

Acute quadriplegic myopathy is a rare condition associated with the use of nondepolarizing muscle-blocking agents and corticosteroids in the course of severe systemic illness. A 17-month-old boy underwent liver transplantation for fulminant hepatitis. He was intubated for 24 days and treated with vecuronium bromide and high-dose methylprednisolone. The child was weaned from the ventilator and presented extreme weakness in the upper limbs and total paralysis of the lower limbs. Serum creatine kinase level was normal and electromyography showed myopathic abnormalities. Muscle biopsy showed severe type-1 fiber atrophy and selective loss of myosin thick filaments was seen on electron microscopy. Scattered regenerating fetal myosin-positive fibers were present, mu calpain was absent, while m calpain was diffusely expressed. Physical therapy was immediately started and the child recovered even though corticosteroids were not discontinued. The pathogenesis of acute quadriplegic myopathy is still unknown. We suggest that it could be due to abnormal protein turnover in the muscle. Several independent factors, such as corticosteroid treatment, immobilization, or cytokines, could take part in a cascade of events that leads to an excessive yet selective degradation of proteins involving myosin thick filaments and possibly components of sarcolemma, causing muscle inexcitability.

Impact of Caregiver Type for 3-Year-Old Children on Subsequent Between-Meal Eating Habits and Being Overweight From Childhood to Adulthood: A 20-Year Follow-up of the Ibaraki Children’s Cohort (IBACHIL) Study

PubMed Central

Sata, Mizuki; Yamagishi, Kazumasa; Sairenchi, Toshimi; Ikeda, Ai; Irie, Fujiko; Watanabe, Hiroshi; Iso, Hiroyasu; Ota, Hitoshi

2015-01-01

Background Because of the increasing number of mothers who continue to work after childbirth, participation in childcare has diversified. However, the impact of the main caregiver on children’s habits has not been determined. We sought to examine the effect of caregiver differences on childhood habituation of between-meal eating and body mass index (BMI). Methods The Ibaraki Children’s Cohort Study involved 4592 Japanese children whose parents answered health questionnaires at age 3. Follow-up questionnaires were distributed to parents when children were 6 and 12 years old and to study subjects directly when they were 22 years old. We compared prevalence of between-meal eating and overweight as well as mean BMI at ages 6, 12, and 22 years, by their main daytime caregiver at age 3. Results Compared to children cared for by mothers, those cared for by grandparents had a higher prevalence of between-meal eating before dinner for boys and girls at ages 6 and 12 years. At age 22 years, boys cared for by grandparents had a higher prevalence of overweight than those cared for by mothers (18.5% versus 11.2%, P = 0.037), but no such difference was noted in girls. However, both boys and girls cared for by grandparents had higher mean BMI over time than those cared for by mothers (coefficient = 0.47 kg/m2 for boys and coefficient = 0.35 kg/m2 for girls). Conclusions Being cared for by grandparents at age 3 was associated with subsequent between-meal eating habits, being overweight, and increased mean BMI from childhood to adulthood. PMID:26310570

Progressive joint limitations as the first alarming signs in a boy with short - limbed dwarfism: A case report.

PubMed

Al Kaissi, Ali; Klaushofer, Klaus; Grill, Franz

2008-08-19

Contracture is a condition of abnormal shortening or shrinkage of a muscle, and or a tendon often with persistent flexion or distortion at a joint. Careful documentation of the kind of contractures encountered in different paediatric disorders is important in distinguishing a specific subtype. Achondroplasia has been considered as the most common short-limbed dwarfism syndrome, but there are a variety of other syndromes within this category, and other types of limb shortening. We report on a 5-year-old boy of Austrian origin who manifests progressive joint limitations in connection with a dysplastic form of short-limbed dwarfism namely chondrodysplasia punctata-tibial-metacarpal-type. Progressive joint limitations of maximal intensity over the hip, and the ankle joints were the main presenting features. Osteochondrodysplasias involve abnormal bone or cartilage growth leading to skeletal maldevelopment, often short-limbed dwarfism. Diagnosis is by physical examination, radiographic documentation, and, in some cases, genetic testing. In patients with chondrodysplasia punctata, early life radiographic examination is fundamental, since resolution of the punctate calcifications leaving abnormal epiphyses and flared and irregular metaphyses after age one to three years seems to be characteristic.

Enterobius vermicularis infestation leading to Meckel's diverticulitis in an adolescent boy: An extremely rare presentation.

PubMed

Sharma, Manupriya; Kaul, Rashmi; Chander, Bal

2018-01-01

Enterobius vermicularis is an intestinal nematode commonly affecting children worldwide. Its transmission is by feco-oral route. Meckel's diverticulitis due to E. vermicularis infestation is an extremely rare presentation. An 11-year-old boy presented with acute abdomen. During surgery inflamed Meckel's diverticulum (M.D) was seen. Histopathology examination of specimen revealed E. vermicularis . Till date, only one case of E. vermicularis infestation of M.D is reported around five decades ago. This histopathological confirmation is extremely important as the required treatment (Mebendazole) of the infected case along with household contacts can prevent the spread of infection and may avoid surgery in known contacts.

An 18-year-old man with recurrent pneumothorax since he was 10-year-old.

PubMed

Demir, Meral; Çobanoğlu, Nazan

2016-12-01

An 18-year-old male patient was referred to the department of pediatric pulmonology with a history of recurrent pneumothorax. Initial pneumothorax occurred at the age of 10. Following diagnosis of congenital lobar emphysema, he had five episodes of pneumothorax and subsequently underwent right-lower lobe anterobasal segmentectomy. Based on thoracic computed tomography (CT) and clinical manifestation, Birt-Hogg-Dube (BHD) syndrome was suspected and confirmed following genetic testing. BHD syndrome is a rare tumor predisposition syndrome first described in 1977. The syndrome is characterized by skin fibrofolliculomas, lung cysts, recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, and renal cell cancer. The underlying cause is a germline mutation in the folliculin (FLCN) gene located on chromosome 17p11.2. Clinical manifestation usually appears after the age of 20 years. In this case, we report a case of BHD with episodes of recurrent pneumothorax, the first of which occurred at the age of 10 years. Pulmonologists should be aware of this syndrome in patients with a personal and family history of pneumothoraces and CT findings of multiple pulmonary cysts as additional evaluation and testing may be warranted. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:E41-E43. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

[The necessity and possibility of developing skills in daily living activities in children attending a special kindergarten for the physically handicapped--demonstrated by means of a five-year-old boy suffering from spastic hemiparesis (author's transl)].

PubMed

Burgheim-Raguss, B

1980-02-01

Within the framework of an empirical study carried out in a special kindergarten it was attempted to answer the question whether it is necessary and possible in such an institution to develop the children's skills in daily living activities. A six month systematic programme was set up for a five-year-old boy suffering from spastic hemiparesis which was designed to develop his skills in personal hygiene, and general behaviour in the kitchen area. In preparing the programme each of the two fields was first treated separately in detail, then the common factors taken into account. The programm's subdivision into an ultimate goal and two partial goals assisted the implementation of the eighteen training steps. A comparision of the knowledge of, and skills in, the two fields before and after the training showed that they had increased both in quantity and quality. As the boy still showed a headway over his peers - comparable in their disabilities - three years after completion of the programme as far as independence was concerned, it can be said that special training in daily living activities can and must be carried out in a special kindergarten for physically handicapped children provided the training is based on a specialized and fully structured programme.

The effect of age, sex and obesity on fundamental motor skills among 4 to 6 years-old children.

PubMed

Vameghi, Roshanak; Shams, Amir; Shamsipour Dehkordi, Parvane

2013-04-01

To examine the effect of age, sex and obesity on Fundamental Motor Skills (FMS) in 4 to 6 years-old children. A total of 400 preschool children (200 boys and 200 girls) between the ages of 4 to 6 years old participated in this research. Subjects were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling. Fundamental motor skills (FMS) were assessed with using the OSU-SIGMA scale. Body mass index (BMI) was directly measured from height(m)(2)/weight(kg) for each child and based on CDC growth charts, normal weight, overweight and obesity were defined. The results showed that age and sex variables were a significant effect on walking and running skills, but BMI was not significant (P>0.05). Also, these variables had a significant effect on jumping, skipping, hopping and ladder climbing. In both ages, boys in jumping and ladder climbing skills were better than girls, but the girls were better in skipping and hopping skills (P<0.05). Moreover, the results showed that age and BMI variables have a significant effect on stair climbing skill, but sex was not significant (P>0.05). For object control skills, the results showed that age and sex variables were a significant effect on catching and throwing skills, but BMI was not significant (P>0.05). Finally, the age, sex and BMI variables were a significant effect on kicking and sticking skills. This research demonstrated that boys performed better than girls, and both overweight and obese children have lower performance than normal children.

Autotransplantation and Orthodontic Treatment after Maxillary Central Incisor Region Trauma: A 13-Year Follow-Up Case Report Study.

PubMed

Piroozmand, Farzad; Hessari, Hossein; Shirazi, Mohsen; Khazaei, Pegah

2018-01-01

The anterior maxilla is the most prone region to the trauma during childhood, and tooth loss sometimes happens due to trauma. Replacing the missing teeth has always been one of the dentists' challenges in children and adolescents, since their dentofacial growth is not complete. Autotransplantation of mandibular premolars with two-thirds or three-quarters of root formation provides the best prognosis for the tooth survival. This case report describes the management of a 10-year-old boy suffering a severe dental injury who received the autotransplantation of the premolars from mandible to restore the space caused by trauma in maxillary central incisor region and a 13-year follow-up of the autotransplantation.

The Effectiveness of an Additional Stretching Exercise Program in Improving Flexibility Level among Preschool Boys

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Wee Akina Sia Seng; Rengasamy, Shabeshan A/L; Raju, Subramaniam A/L

2014-01-01

This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of a two minutes' additional stretching exercise program in a 30 minutes games teaching lesson in improving the flexibility level of 6 year old preschool boys (M = 5.92, SD = 0.27) in a preschool in Malaysia. Fifty (50) preschool boys were selected for the study based on the intact sampling…

How Girls and Boys Expect Disclosure about Problems Will Make Them Feel: Implications for Friendships