yields f12 f23: Topics by Science.gov

Sample records for yields f12 f23

Correlation between IL-17A/F, IL-23, IL-35 and IL-12/-23 (p40) levels in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures and disease activity in Behcet's patients.

PubMed

Sonmez, Cemile; Yucel, Aysegul Atak; Yesil, Turan Hilmi; Kucuk, Hamit; Sezgin, Berna; Mercan, Ridvan; Yucel, Ahmet Eftal; Demirel, Gulderen Yanikkaya

2018-03-20

Behcet's disease is a chronic multisystemic disease with remissions and relapses. Several studies have shown that immune mechanisms play an important role in the development of the disease. In order to assess the association of disease activity with IL-17A/F, IL-23, IL-12/23 (p40) and IL-35 expression, we aimed to investigate production of these cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Behcet's patients and normal controls. Furthermore, we included Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) as disease control to evaluate the specificity of our data for immunopathogenesis of BD. Totally 15 active, 15 inactive Behcet's patients, 12 active and 12 inactive SLE patients and 12 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated, lymphocyte cultures were performed and IL-17A/F, IL-12/23 p(40), IL-23, IL-35 cytokine levels were measured by ELISA in culture supernatants in the presence or absence of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) on time-dependent manner. IL-17 A/F levels increased parallel to IL-23 levels in Behcet's and SLE patients. Compared to healthy controls, IL-17 A/F levels were higher in active Behcet's and SLE patients; on the contrary, levels of IL-35 were lower. IL-17A/F, IL-12/23 (p40) and IL-23 levels were detectable most frequently in active Behcet's patients followed by active SLE patients. Our results indicate that IL-17 A/F, IL-23 and IL-12/23 (p40) may play role in the immunopathogenesis of BD so as Th17 and Th1 cell responses. Since IL-35 levels were lower in active Behcet's patients compared to inactive patients and healthy controls, there may be a plasticity between Th17 and Treg cells according to the state of disease activity.
Development of [18F]DASA-23 for Imaging Tumor Glycolysis Through Noninvasive Measurement of Pyruvate Kinase M2.

PubMed

Beinat, Corinne; Alam, Israt S; James, Michelle L; Srinivasan, Ananth; Gambhir, Sanjiv Sam

2017-10-01

A hallmark of cancer is metabolic reprogramming, which is exploited by cancer cells to ensure rapid growth and survival. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) catalyzes the final step in glycolysis, a key step in tumor metabolism and growth. Recently, we reported the radiosynthesis of the first positron emission tomography tracer for visualizing PKM2 in vivo-i.e., [ 11 C]DASA-23. Due to the highly promising imaging results obtained with [ 11 C]DASA-23 in rodent model glioblastoma, we set out to generate an F-18-labeled version of this tracer, with the end goal of clinical translation in mind. Herein, we report the radiosynthesis of 1-((2-fluoro-6-[ 18 F]fluorophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine ([ 18 F]DASA-23) and our initial investigation of its binding properties in cancer cells. We synthesized [ 18 F]DASA-23 via fluorination of 1-((2-fluoro-6-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)piperazine (10) with K[ 18 F]F/K2.2.2 in N,N-dimethylformamide at 110 °C for 20 min. Subsequently, we evaluated uptake of [ 18 F]DASA-23 in HeLa cervical adenocarcinoma cells and in vitro stability in human and mouse serum. We successfully prepared [ 18 F]DASA-23 in 2.61 ± 1.54 % radiochemical yield (n = 10, non-decay corrected at end of synthesis) with a specific activity of 2.59 ± 0.44 Ci/μmol. Preliminary cell uptake experiments revealed high uptake in HeLa cells, which was effectively blocked by pretreating cells with the structurally distinct PKM2 activator, TEPP-46. [ 18 F]DASA-23 remained intact in human and mouse serum up to 120 min. Herein, we have identified a F-18-labeled PKM2 specific radiotracer which shows potential for in vivo imaging. The promising cell uptake results reported herein warrant the further evaluation of [ 18 F]DASA-23 for its ability to detect and monitor cancer noninvasively.
Identification of trait-improving quantitative trait loci for grain yield components from a dent corn inbred line in an advanced backcross BC2F2 population and comparison with its F2:3 population in popcorn.

PubMed

Li, Y L; Niu, S Z; Dong, Y B; Cui, D Q; Wang, Y Z; Liu, Y Y; Wei, M G

2007-06-01

Normal maize germplasm could be used to improve the grain yield of popcorn inbreds. Our first objective was to locate genetic factors associated with trait variation and make first assessment on the efficiency of advanced backcross quantitative trait locus (AB-QTL) analysis for the identification and transfer of favorable QTL alleles for grain yield components from the dent corn inbred. A second objective was to compare the detection of QTL in the BC2F2 population with results using F(2:3) lines of the same parents. Two hundred and twenty selected BC2F2 families developed from a cross between Dan232 and an elite popcorn inbred N04 were evaluated for six grain yield components under two environments, and genotyped by means of 170 SSR markers. Using composite interval mapping (CIM), a total of 19 significant QTL were detected. Eighteen QTL had favorable alleles contributed by the dent corn parent Dan232. Sixteen of these favorable QTL alleles were not in the same or near marker intervals with QTL for popping characteristics. Six QTL were also detected in the F(2:3) population. Improved N04 could be developed from 210 and 208 families with higher grain weight per plant and/or 100-grain weight, respectively, and 35 families with the same or higher popping expansion volume than N04. In addition, near isogenic lines containing detected QTL (QTL-NILs) for grain weight per plant and/or 100-grain weight could be obtained from 12 families. Our study demonstrated that the AB-QTL method can be applied to identify and manipulate favorable QTL alleles from normal corn inbreds and combine QTL detection and popcorn breeding efficiently.
14 CFR Appendix F to Part 23 - Test Procedure

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Test Procedure F Appendix F to Part 23...—Test Procedure Part I—Acceptable Test Procedure for Self-Extinguishing Materials for Showing Compliance With §§ 23.853, 23.855, and 23.1359 Acceptable test procedure for self-extinguishing materials for...
14 CFR Appendix F to Part 23 - Test Procedure

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Test Procedure F Appendix F to Part 23...—Test Procedure Part I—Acceptable Test Procedure for Self-Extinguishing Materials for Showing Compliance With §§ 23.853, 23.855, and 23.1359 Acceptable test procedure for self-extinguishing materials for...
Composite vibrational spectroscopy of the group 12 difluorides: ZnF2, CdF2, and HgF2.

PubMed

Solomonik, Victor G; Smirnov, Alexander N; Navarkin, Ilya S

2016-04-14

The vibrational spectra of group 12 difluorides, MF2 (M = Zn, Cd, Hg), were investigated via coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples, CCSD(T), including core correlation, with a series of correlation consistent basis sets ranging in size from triple-zeta through quintuple-zeta quality, which were then extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit using a variety of extrapolation procedures. The explicitly correlated coupled cluster method, CCSD(T)-F12b, was employed as well. Although exhibiting quite different convergence behavior, the F12b method yielded the CBS limit estimates closely matching more computationally expensive conventional CBS extrapolations. The convergence with respect to basis set size was examined for the contributions entering into composite vibrational spectroscopy, including those from higher-order correlation accounted for through the CCSDT(Q) level of theory, second-order spin-orbit coupling effects assessed within four-component and two-component relativistic formalisms, and vibrational anharmonicity evaluated via a perturbative treatment. Overall, the composite results are in excellent agreement with available experimental values, except for the CdF2 bond-stretching frequencies compared to spectral assignments proposed in a matrix isolation infrared and Raman study of cadmium difluoride vapor species [Loewenschuss et al., J. Chem. Phys. 50, 2502 (1969); Givan and Loewenschuss, J. Chem. Phys. 72, 3809 (1980)]. These assignments are called into question in the light of the composite results.
Composite vibrational spectroscopy of the group 12 difluorides: ZnF2, CdF2, and HgF2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Solomonik, Victor G.; Smirnov, Alexander N.; Navarkin, Ilya S.

2016-04-01

The vibrational spectra of group 12 difluorides, MF2 (M = Zn, Cd, Hg), were investigated via coupled cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples, CCSD(T), including core correlation, with a series of correlation consistent basis sets ranging in size from triple-zeta through quintuple-zeta quality, which were then extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit using a variety of extrapolation procedures. The explicitly correlated coupled cluster method, CCSD(T)-F12b, was employed as well. Although exhibiting quite different convergence behavior, the F12b method yielded the CBS limit estimates closely matching more computationally expensive conventional CBS extrapolations. The convergence with respect to basis set size was examined for the contributions entering into composite vibrational spectroscopy, including those from higher-order correlation accounted for through the CCSDT(Q) level of theory, second-order spin-orbit coupling effects assessed within four-component and two-component relativistic formalisms, and vibrational anharmonicity evaluated via a perturbative treatment. Overall, the composite results are in excellent agreement with available experimental values, except for the CdF2 bond-stretching frequencies compared to spectral assignments proposed in a matrix isolation infrared and Raman study of cadmium difluoride vapor species [Loewenschuss et al., J. Chem. Phys. 50, 2502 (1969); Givan and Loewenschuss, J. Chem. Phys. 72, 3809 (1980)]. These assignments are called into question in the light of the composite results.
Mapping quantitative trait loci for binary trait in the F2:3 design.

PubMed

Zhu, Chengsong; Zhang, Yuan-Ming; Guo, Zhigang

2008-12-01

In the analysis of inheritance of quantitative traits with low heritability, an F(2:3) design that genotypes plants in F(2) and phenotypes plants in F(2:3) progeny is often used in plant genetics. Although statistical approaches for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) in the F(2:3) design have been well developed, those for binary traits of biological interest and economic importance are seldom addressed. In this study, an attempt was made to map binary trait loci (BTL) in the F(2:3) design. The fundamental idea was: the F(2) plants were genotyped, all phenotypic values of each F(2:3) progeny were measured for binary trait, and these binary trait values and the marker genotype informations were used to detect BTL under the penetrance and liability models. The proposed method was verified by a series of Monte-Carlo simulation experiments. These results showed that maximum likelihood approaches under the penetrance and liability models provide accurate estimates for the effects and the locations of BTL with high statistical power, even under of low heritability. Moreover, the penetrance model is as efficient as the liability model, and the F(2:3) design is more efficient than classical F(2) design, even though only a single progeny is collected from each F(2:3) family. With the maximum likelihood approaches under the penetrance and the liability models developed in this study, we can map binary traits as we can do for quantitative trait in the F(2:3) design.
Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 2,3-Fused Indoles via Microwave-Assisted AgSbF6-Catalysed Intramolecular Difunctionalization of o-Alkynylanilines

PubMed Central

Huang, Yuanqiong; Yang, Yan; Song, Hongjian; Liu, Yuxiu; Wang, Qingmin

2015-01-01

2,3-Fused indoles are found in numerous natural products and drug molecules. Although several elegant methods for the synthesis of this structural motif have been reported, long reaction times and harsh conditions are sometimes required, and the yields tend to be low. Herein, we report a microwave method for straightforward access to various types of 2,3-fused indoles via AgSbF6-catalysed intramolecular difunctionalization of o-alkynylanilines. AgSbF6 played a role in both the hydroamination step and the imine-formation step. This method, which exhibited excellent chemoselectivity (no ring-fused 1,2-dihydroquinolines were formed), was used for formal syntheses of the natural products conolidine and ervaticine and the antihistamine drug latrepirdine. PMID:26310858
23 CFR Appendixes E-F to Subpart A... - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false [Reserved] E Appendixes E-F to Subpart A of Part 230 Highways FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION CIVIL RIGHTS EXTERNAL PROGRAMS Equal...) Appendixes E-F to Subpart A of Part 230 [Reserved] ...
Useful ion yields for Cameca IMS 3f and 6f SIMS: Limits on quantitative analysis

USGS Publications Warehouse

Hervig, R.L.; Mazdab, F.K.; Williams, Pat; Guan, Y.; Huss, G.R.; Leshin, L.A.

2006-01-01

The useful yields (ions detected/atom sputtered) of major and trace elements in NIST 610 glass were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) using Cameca IMS 3f and 6f instruments. Useful yields of positive ions at maximum transmission range from 10-4 to 0.2 and are negatively correlated with ionization potential. We quantified the decrease in useful yields when applying energy filtering or high mass resolution techniques to remove molecular interferences. The useful yields of selected negative ions (O, S, Au) in magnetite and pyrite were also determined. These data allow the analyst to determine if a particular analysis (trace element contents or isotopic ratio) can be achieved, given the amount of sample available and the conditions of the analysis. ?? 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Multiplex pyrosequencing method to determine CYP2C9*3, VKORC1*2, and CYP4F2*3 polymorphisms simultaneously: its application to a Korean population and comparisons with other ethnic groups.

PubMed

Kim, Kyoung-Ah; Song, Wan-Geun; Lee, Hae-Mi; Joo, Hyun-Jin; Park, Ji-Young

2014-11-01

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that is difficult to administer because of the wide variation in dose requirements to achieve a therapeutic effect. CYP2C9, VKROC1, and CYP4F2 play important roles in warfarin metabolism, and their genetic polymorphisms are related to the variability in dose determination. In this study we describe a new multiplex pyrosequencing method to identify CYP2C9*3 (rs1057910), VKORC1*2 (rs9923231), and CYP4F2*3 (rs2108661) simultaneously. A multiplex pyrosequencing method to simultaneously detect CYP2C9*3, VKORC1*2, and CYP4F2*3 alleles was designed. We assessed the allele frequencies of the polymorphisms in 250 Korean subjects using the multiplex pyrosequencing method. The results showed 100 % concordance between single and multiplex pyrosequencing methods, and the polymorphisms identified by pyrosequencing were also validated with the direct sequencing method. The allele frequencies of these polymorphisms in this population were as follows: 0.040 for CYP2C9*3, 0.918 for VKORC1*2, and 0.416 for CYP4F2*3. Although the allele frequencies of the CYP2C9*3 and VKROC1*2 were comparable to those in Japanese and Chinese populations, their frequencies in this Korean population differed from those in other ethnic groups; the CYP4F2*3 frequency was the highest among other ethnic populations including Chinese and Japanese populations. The pyrosequencing methods developed were rapid and reliable for detecting CYP2C9*3, VKORC1*2, and CYP4F2*3. Large ethnic differences in the frequency of these genetic polymorphisms were noted among ethnic groups. CYP4F2*3 exhibited its highest allele frequency among other ethnic populations compared to that in a Korean population.
A novel radiochemical approach to 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-[(18) F]fluoro-β-d-arabinofuranosyl)cytosine ((18) F-FAC).

PubMed

Meyer, Jan-Philip; Probst, Katrin C; Trist, Iuni M L; McGuigan, Christopher; Westwell, Andrew D

2014-09-01

(18) F-FAC (1-(2'-deoxy-2'-[(18) F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosyl)-cytosine) is an important 2'-fluoro-nucleoside-based positron emission tomography (PET) tracer that has been used for in vivo prediction of response to the widely used cancer chemotherapy drug gemcitabine. Previously reported synthetic routes to (18) F-FAC have relied on early introduction of the (18) F radiolabel prior to attachment to protected cytosine base. Considering the (18) F radiochemical half-life (110 min) and the technical challenges of multi-step syntheses on PET radiochemistry modular systems, late-stage radiofluorination is preferred for reproducible and reliable radiosynthesis with in vivo applications. Herein, we report the first late-stage radiosynthesis of (18) F-FAC. Cytidine derivatives with leaving groups at the 2'-position are particularly prone to undergo anhydro side-product formation upon heating because of their electron density at the 2-carbonyl pyrimidone oxygen. Our rationally developed fluorination precursor showed an improved reactivity-to-stability ratio at elevated temperatures. (18) F-FAC was obtained in radiochemical yields of 4.3-5.5% (n = 8, decay-corrected from end of bombardment), with purities ≥98% and specific activities ≥63 GBq/µmol. The synthesis time was 168 min. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
14 CFR Appendix F to Part 23 - Test Procedure

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Test Procedure F Appendix F to Part 23...—Test Procedure Acceptable test procedure for self-extinguishing materials for showing compliance with... as sandwich panels, may not be separated for a test. The specimen thickness must be no thicker than...
Manganese Vanadate Chemistry in Hydrothermal BaF 2 Brines: Ba 3 Mn 2 (V 2 O 7 ) 2 F 2 and Ba 7 Mn 8 O 2 (VO 4 ) 2 F 23

DOE PAGES

Sanjeewa, Liurukara D.; McMillen, Colin D.; McGuire, Michael A.; ...

2016-12-05

We synthesized manganese vanadate fluorides using high-temperature hydrothermal techniques with BaF 2 as a mineralizer. Ba 3Mn 2(V 2O 7) 2F 2 crystallizes in space group C2/c and consists of dimers built from edge-sharing MnO 4F 2 trigonal prisms with linking V 2O 7 groups. Ba 7Mn 8O 2(VO 4) 2F 23 crystallizes in space group Cmmm, with a manganese oxyfluoride network built from edge- and corner-sharing Mn 2+/3+(O,F) 6 octahedra. The resulting octahedra form alternating Mn 2+ and Mn 2+/3+ layers separated by VO 4 tetrahedra. This latter compound exhibits a canted antiferromagnetic order below TN = 25 K.
12 CFR 563f.3 - Prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Prohibitions. 563f.3 Section 563f.3 Banks and... total assets of $50 million or more. (c) Major assets. A management official of a depository... assets exceeding $1.5 billion (or any affiliate of such an organization), regardless of the location of...
12 CFR 563f.3 - Prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2013-01-01 2012-01-01 true Prohibitions. 563f.3 Section 563f.3 Banks and... total assets of $50 million or more. (c) Major assets. A management official of a depository... assets exceeding $1.5 billion (or any affiliate of such an organization), regardless of the location of...
12 CFR 563f.3 - Prohibitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Prohibitions. 563f.3 Section 563f.3 Banks and... total assets of $50 million or more. (c) Major assets. A management official of a depository... assets exceeding $1.5 billion (or any affiliate of such an organization), regardless of the location of...
Ternary particle yields in 249Cf(nth,f)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsekhanovich, I.; Büyükmumcu, Z.; Davi, M.; Denschlag, H. O.; Gönnenwein, F.; Boulyga, S. F.

2003-03-01

An experiment measuring ternary particle yields in 249Cf(nth,f) was carried out at the high flux reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin using the Lohengrin recoil mass separator. Parameters of energy distributions were determined for 27 ternary particles up to 30Mg and their yields were calculated. The yields of 17 further ternary particles were estimated on the basis of the systematics developed. The heaviest particles observed in the experiment are 37Si and 37S; their possible origin is discussed.
Genetic and structural elucidation of capsular polysaccharides from Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23A and 23B, and comparison to serotype 23F.

PubMed

Ravenscroft, Neil; Omar, Aneesa; Hlozek, Jason; Edmonds-Smith, Cesarina; Follador, Rainer; Serventi, Fabio; Lipowsky, Gerd; Kuttel, Michelle M; Cescutti, Paola; Faridmoayer, Amirreza

2017-10-10

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a globally important encapsulated human pathogen with approximately 100 different serotypes recognized. Serogroup 23 consists of serotype 23F, present in licensed vaccines, and emerging serotypes 23A and 23B. Here, we report the previously unknown structures of the pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides serotype 23A and 23B determined using genetic analysis, NMR spectroscopy, composition and linkage analysis and Smith degradation (of polysaccharide 23A). The structure of the serotype 23A capsular polysaccharide is: →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-[[α-L-Rhap-(1→2)]-[Gro-(2→P→3)]-β-D-Galp-(1→4)]-β-L-Rhap-(1→. This structure differs from polysaccharide 23F as it features a disaccharide backbone and the di-substituted β-Gal is linked to β-Rha as a side chain. This is due to the different polymerization position catalysed by the unusually divergent repeat unit polymerase Wzy in the 23A cps biosynthesis locus. Steric crowding in 23A, confirmed by molecular models, causes the NMR signal for H-1 of the di-substituted 2,3-β-Gal to resonate in the α-anomeric region. The structure of the serotype 23B capsular polysaccharide is the same as 23F, but without the terminal α-Rha: →4)-β-D-Glcp-(1→4)-[Gro-(2→P→3)]-β-D-Galp-(1→4)-β-L-Rhap-(1→. The immunodominant terminal α-Rha of 23F is more sterically crowded in 23A and absent in 23B. This may explain the reported typing cross reactions for serotype 23F: slight with 23A and none with 23B. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Important Mutations Contributing to High-Level Penicillin Resistance in Taiwan19F-14, Taiwan23F-15, and Spain23F-1 of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Taiwan.

PubMed

Liu, Esther Yip-Mei; Chang, Jen-Chang; Lin, Jung-Chung; Chang, Feng-Yee; Fung, Chang-Phone

2016-12-01

Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious concern worldwide. In this study, we analyzed the cause of β-lactam resistance in pandemic multidrug-resistant clones. A total of 41 penicillin-nonsusceptible clinical isolates were collected from 1996 to 2012. Sero- and molecular typing confirmed that these isolates were clonal types of Taiwan 19F -14, Taiwan 23F -15, and Spain 23F -1. Sero-switching was found in four isolates. All isolates were multidrug resistant. Sequencing analysis of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) was performed on PBP1a, 2b, and 2x, and a large number of mutations were identified in comparing to clinical penicillin-susceptible isolates and the recipient strain R6 used for homologous recombination. The T 451 A substitution was the key amino acid in PBP2b that contributed to penicillin resistance. T 338 A in PBP2x played a role in resistance and reached the highest level of resistance when combined with other mutations in PBP2x. High-level penicillin resistance could not be obtained without the combination of mutations in PBP1a with PBP2b and 2x. The amino acid substitutions in PBP1a, 2b, and 2x were the crucial factors for β-lactam resistance.
(18)F-FDG uptake predicts diagnostic yield of transbronchial biopsy in peripheral lung cancer.

PubMed

Umeda, Yukihiro; Demura, Yoshiki; Anzai, Masaki; Matsuoka, Hiroki; Araya, Tomoyuki; Nishitsuji, Masaru; Nishi, Koichi; Tsuchida, Tatsuro; Sumida, Yasuyuki; Morikawa, Miwa; Ameshima, Shingo; Ishizaki, Takeshi; Kasahara, Kazuo; Ishizuka, Tamotsu

2014-07-01

Recent advances in endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) have enabled better visualization of distal airways, while virtual bronchoscopic navigation (VBN) has been shown useful as a guide to navigate the bronchoscope. However, indications for utilizing VBN and EBUS-GS are not always clear. To clarify indications for a bronchoscopic examination using VBN and EBUS-GS, we evaluated factors that predict the diagnostic yield of a transbronchial biopsy (TBB) procedure for peripheral lung cancer (PLC) lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 194 patients with 201 PLC lesions (≤3cm mean diameter), and analyzed the association of diagnostic yield of TBB with [(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography and chest computed tomography (CT) findings. The diagnostic yield of TBB using VBN and EBUS-GS was 66.7%. High maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), positive bronchus sign, and ground-glass opacity component shown on CT were all significant predictors of diagnostic yield, while multivariate analysis showed only high (18)F-FDG uptake (SUVmax ≥2.8) and positive bronchus sign as significant predictors. Diagnostic yield was higher for PLC lesions with high (18)F-FDG uptake (SUVmax ≥2.8) and positive bronchus sign (84.6%) than for those with SUVmax <2.8 and negative bronchus sign (33.3%). High (18)F-FDG uptake was also correlated with tumor invasiveness. High (18)F-FDG uptake predicted the diagnostic yield of TBB using VBN and EBUS-GS for PLC lesions. (18)F-FDG uptake and bronchus sign may indicate for the accurate application of bronchoscopy with those modalities for diagnosing PLC. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
19 F(α,n) thick target yield from 3.5 to 10.0 MeV

DOE PAGES

Norman, E.B.; Chupp, T.E.; Lesko, K.T.; ...

2015-09-01

Using a target of PbF2, the thick-target yield from the 19F(α,n) reaction was measured from Eα=3.5–10 MeV. From these results, we infer the thick-target neutron yields from targets of F2 and UF6 over this same alpha-particle energy range.
23 CFR Appendix F to Part 1200 - Planning and Administration (P&A) Costs

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Planning and Administration (P&A) Costs F Appendix F to... HIGHWAY SAFETY GRANT PROGRAMS Pt. 1200, App. F Appendix F to Part 1200—Planning and Administration (P&A) Costs (a) Policy. Federal participation in P&A activities shall not exceed 50 percent of the total cost...
23 CFR Appendix F to Part 1200 - PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION (P&A) COSTS

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 23 Highways 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION (P&A) COSTS F APPENDIX F TO... HIGHWAY SAFETY GRANT PROGRAMS Pt. 1200, App. F APPENDIX F TO PART 1200—PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION (P&A) COSTS (a) Policy. Federal participation in P&A activities shall not exceed 50 percent of the total cost...
12 CFR 563f.6 - General exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false General exemption. 563f.6 Section 563f.6 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY MANAGEMENT OFFICIAL INTERLOCKS... controlled or managed by persons who are members of a minority group, or women; (3) Is a depository...
Characterization of the active site properties of CYP4F12.

PubMed

Eksterowicz, John; Rock, Dan A; Rock, Brooke M; Wienkers, Larry C; Foti, Robert S

2014-10-01

Cytochrome P450 4F12 is a drug-metabolizing enzyme that is primarily expressed in the liver, kidney, colon, small intestine, and heart. The properties of CYP4F12 that may impart an increased catalytic selectivity (decreased promiscuity) were explored through in vitro metabolite elucidation, kinetic isotope effect experiments, and computational modeling of the CYP4F12 active site. By using astemizole as a probe substrate for CYP4F12 and CYP3A4, it was observed that although CYP4F12 favored astemizole O-demethylation as the primary route of metabolism, CYP3A4 was capable of metabolizing astemizole at multiple sites on the molecule. Deuteration of astemizole at the site of O-demethylation resulted in an isotope effect of 7.1 as well as an 8.3-fold decrease in the rate of clearance for astemizole by CYP4F12. Conversely, although an isotope effect of 3.8 was observed for the formation of the O-desmethyl metabolite when deuterated astemizole was metabolized by CYP3A4, there was no decrease in the clearance of astemizole. Development of a homology model of CYP4F12 based on the crystal structure of cytochrome P450 BM3 predicted an active site volume for CYP4F12 that was approximately 76% of the active site volume of CYP3A4. As predicted, multiple favorable binding orientations were available for astemizole docked into the active site of CYP3A4, but only a single binding orientation with the site of O-demethylation oriented toward the heme was identified for CYP4F12. Overall, it appears that although CYP4F12 may be capable of binding similar ligands to other cytochrome P450 enzymes such as CYP3A4, the ability to achieve catalytically favorable orientations may be inherently more difficult because of the increased steric constraints of the CYP4F12 active site. Copyright © 2014 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.
The OsO(3)F(+) and mu-F(OsO(3)F)(2)(+) cations: their syntheses and study by Raman and (19)F NMR spectroscopy and electron structure calculations and X-ray crystal structures of [OsO(3)F][PnF(6)] (Pn = As, Sb), [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[AsF(6)], [OsO(3)F][HF][SbF(6)], and [OsO(3)F][Sb(3)F(16)].

PubMed

Gerken, Michael; Dixon, David A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2002-01-28

The fluoride ion donor properties of OsO(3)F(2) have been investigated. The salts [OsO(3)F][AsF(6)], [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[AsF(6)], mu-F(OsO(3)F)(2)[AsF(6)], [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[SbF(6)], and [OsO(3)F][HF][SbF(6)] have been prepared by reaction of OsO(3)F(2) with AsF(5) and SbF(5) in HF solvent and have been characterized in the solid state by Raman spectroscopy. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies of [OsO(3)F][AsF(6)] (P2(1)/n, a = 7.0001(11) A, c = 8.8629(13) A, beta = 92.270(7) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0401 at -126 degrees C), [OsO(3)F][SbF(6)] (P2(1)/c, a = 5.4772(14) A, b = 10.115(3) A, c = 12.234(3) A, beta = 99.321(5) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0325 at -173 degrees C), [OsO(3)F][HF](2)[AsF(6)] (P2(1)/n, a = 5.1491(9) A, b = 8.129(2) A, c = 19.636(7) A, beta = 95.099(7) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0348 at -117 degrees C), and [OsO(3)F][HF][SbF(6)] (Pc, a = 5.244(4) A, b = 9.646(6) A, c = 15.269(10) A, beta = 97.154(13) degrees, Z = 4, and R(1) = 0.0558 at -133 degrees C) have shown that the OsO(3)F(+) cations exhibit strong contacts to the anions and HF solvent molecules giving rise to cyclic, dimeric structures in which the osmium atoms have coordination numbers of 6. The reaction of OsO(3)F(2) with neat SbF(5) yielded [OsO(3)F][Sb(3)F(16)], which has been characterized by (19)F NMR spectroscopy in SbF(5) and SO(2)ClF solvents and by Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction in the solid state (P4(1)m, a = 10.076(6) A, c = 7.585(8) A, Z = 2, and R(1) = 0.0858 at -113 degrees C). The weak fluoride ion basicity of the Sb(3)F(16)(-) anion resulted in an OsO(3)F(+) cation (C(3)(v) point symmetry) that is well isolated from the anion and in which the osmium is four-coordinate. The geometrical parameters and vibrational frequencies of OsO(3)F(+), ReO(3)F, mu-F(OsO(3)F)(2)(+), (FO(3)Os--FPnF(5))(2), and (FO(3)Os--(HF)(2)--FPnF(5))(2) (Pn = As, Sb) have been calculated using density functional theory methods.
12 CFR 563f.5 - Small market share exemption.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Small market share exemption. 563f.5 Section 563f.5 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY MANAGEMENT OFFICIAL INTERLOCKS § 563f.5 Small market share exemption. (a) Exemption. A management interlock that is prohibited by...
E2F1 interactions with hHR23A inhibit its degradation and promote DNA repair.

PubMed

Singh, Randeep K; Dagnino, Lina

2016-05-03

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a major mechanism for removal of DNA lesions induced by exposure to UV radiation in the epidermis. Recognition of damaged DNA sites is the initial step in their repair, and requires multiprotein complexes that contain XPC and hHR23 proteins, or their orthologues. A variety of transcription factors are also involved in NER, including E2F1. In epidermal keratinocytes, UV exposure induces E2F1 phosphorylation, which allows it to recruit various NER factors to sites of DNA damage. However, the relationship between E2F1 and hHR23 proteins vis-à-vis NER has remained unexplored. We now show that E2F1 and hHR23 proteins can interact, and this interaction stabilizes E2F1, inhibiting its proteasomal degradation. Reciprocally, E2F1 regulates hHR23A subcellular localization, recruiting it to sites of DNA photodamage. As a result, E2F1 and hHR23A enhance DNA repair following exposure to UV radiation, contributing to genomic stability in the epidermis.
E2F1 interactions with hHR23A inhibit its degradation and promote DNA repair

PubMed Central

Singh, Randeep K.; Dagnino, Lina

2016-01-01

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is a major mechanism for removal of DNA lesions induced by exposure to UV radiation in the epidermis. Recognition of damaged DNA sites is the initial step in their repair, and requires multiprotein complexes that contain XPC and hHR23 proteins, or their orthologues. A variety of transcription factors are also involved in NER, including E2F1. In epidermal keratinocytes, UV exposure induces E2F1 phosphorylation, which allows it to recruit various NER factors to sites of DNA damage. However, the relationship between E2F1 and hHR23 proteins vis-à-vis NER has remained unexplored. We now show that E2F1 and hHR23 proteins can interact, and this interaction stabilizes E2F1, inhibiting its proteasomal degradation. Reciprocally, E2F1 regulates hHR23A subcellular localization, recruiting it to sites of DNA photodamage. As a result, E2F1 and hHR23A enhance DNA repair following exposure to UV radiation, contributing to genomic stability in the epidermis. PMID:27028861
TiF(4) and NaF at pH 1.2 but not at pH 3.5 are able to reduce dentin erosion.

PubMed

Wiegand, Annette; Magalhães, Ana Carolina; Sener, Beatrice; Waldheim, Elena; Attin, Thomas

2009-08-01

This study aimed to analyse and compare the protective effect of buffered (pH 3.5) and native (pH 1.2) TiF(4) in comparison to NaF solutions of same pH on dentin erosion. Bovine samples were pretreated with 1.50% TiF(4) or 2.02% NaF (both 0.48M F) solutions, each with a pH of 1.2 and 3.5. The control group received no fluoride pretreatment. Ten samples in each group were eroded with HCl (pH 2.6) for 10x60s. Erosion was analysed by determination of calcium release into the acid. Additionally, the surface and the elemental surface composition were examined by scanning electron microscopy (two samples in each group) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy in fluoridated but not eroded samples (six samples in each group). Cumulative calcium release (nmol/mm(2)) was statistically analysed by repeated measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA at t=10min. TiF(4) and NaF at pH 1.2 decreased calcium release significantly, while TiF(4) and NaF at pH 3.5 were not effective. Samples treated with TiF(4) at pH 1.2 showed a significant increase of Ti, while NaF pretreatment increased F concentration significantly. TiF(4) at pH 1.2 led to the formation of globular precipitates occluding dentinal tubules, which could not be observed on samples treated with TiF(4) at pH 3.5. NaF at pH 1.2 but not at pH 3.5 induced the formation of surface precipitates covering dentinal tubules. Dentin erosion can be significantly reduced by TiF(4) and NaF at pH 1.2, but not at pH 3.5.
Rate coefficients for the reaction of O(1D) with the atmospherically long-lived greenhouse gases NF3, SF3CF3, CHF3, C2F6, c-C3F8, n-C5F12, and n-C6F14

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baasandorj, M.; Hall, B. D.; Burkholder, J. B.

2012-09-01

The contribution of atmospherically persistent (long-lived) greenhouse gases to the radiative forcing of Earth has increased over the past several decades. The impact of highly fluorinated saturated compounds, in particular perfluorinated compounds, on climate change is a concern because of their long atmospheric lifetimes, which are primarily determined by stratospheric loss processes, as well as their strong absorption in the infrared "window" region. A potentially key stratospheric loss process for these compounds is their gas-phase reaction with electronically excited oxygen atoms, O(1D). Therefore, accurate reaction rate coefficient data is desired for input to climate change models. In this work, rate coefficients, k, were measured for the reaction of O(1D) with several key long-lived greenhouse gases, namely NF3, SF5CF3, CHF3 (HFC-23), C2F6, c-C4F8, n-C5F12, and n-C6F14. Room temperature rate coefficients for the total reaction, kTot, corresponding to loss of O(1D), and reactive channel, kR, corresponding to the loss of the reactant compound, were measured for NF3 and SF5CF3 using competitive reaction and relative rate methods, respectively. kR was measured for the CHF3 reaction and improved upper-limits were determined for the perfluorinated compounds included in this study. For NF3, kTot was determined to be (2.55 ± 0.38) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and kR, which was measured using CF3Cl, N2O, CF2ClCF2Cl (CFC-114), and CF3CFCl2 (CFC-114a) as reference compounds, was determined to be (2.21 ± 0.33) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 corresponding to a reactive branching ratio of 0.87 ± 0.13. For SF5CF3, kTot = (3.24 ± 0.50) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and kR < 5.8 × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 were measured, where kR is a factor of three lower than the current recommendation of kTot for use in atmospheric modeling. For CHF3, kR was determined to be (2.35 ± 0.35) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, which corresponds to a reactive channel yield of 0.26 ± 0.04, and
Comparative mapping of quantitative trait loci for tassel-related traits of maize in F2:3 and RIL populations.

PubMed

Yi, Qiang; Liu, Yinghong; Zhang, Xiangge; Hou, Xianbin; Zhang, Junjie; Liu, Hanmei; Hu, Yufeng; Yu, Guowu; Huang, Yubi

2018-03-01

Tassel architecture is an important trait in maize breeding and hybrid seed production. In this study, we investigated total tassel length (TTL) and tassel branch number (TBN) in 266 F 2:3 families across six environments and in 301 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) across three environments, where all the plants were derived from a cross between 08-641 and Ye478. We compared the genetic architecture of the two traits across two generations through combined analysis. In total, 27 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (15 in F 2:3 ; 16 in RIL), two QTL × environment interactions (both in F 2:3 ), 11 pairs of epistatic interactions (seven in F 2:3 ; four in RIL) and four stable QTLs in both the F 2:3 and RILs were detected. The RIL population had higher detection power than the F 2:3 population. Nevertheless, QTL × environment interactions and epistatic interactions could be more easily detected in the F 2:3 population than in the RILs. Overall, the QTL mapping results in the F 2:3 and RILs were greatly influenced by genetic generations and environments. Finally, fine mapping for a novel and major QTL, qTTL-2-3 (bin 2.07), which accounted for over 8.49% of the phenotypic variation across different environments and generations, could be useful in marker-assisted breeding.
F4+ ETEC infection and oral immunization with F4 fimbriae elicits an IL-17-dominated immune response.

PubMed

Luo, Yu; Van Nguyen, Ut; de la Fe Rodriguez, Pedro Y; Devriendt, Bert; Cox, Eric

2015-10-21

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets. Porcine-specific ETEC strains possess different fimbrial subtypes of which F4 fimbriae are the most frequently associated with ETEC-induced diarrhea in piglets. These F4 fimbriae are potent oral immunogens that induce protective F4-specific IgA antibody secreting cells at intestinal tissues. Recently, T-helper 17 (Th17) cells have been implicated in the protection of the host against extracellular pathogens. However, it remains unknown if Th17 effector responses are needed to clear ETEC infections. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate if ETEC elicits a Th17 response in piglets and if F4 fimbriae trigger a similar response. F4(+) ETEC infection upregulated IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21 and IL-23p19, but not IL-12 and IFN-γ mRNA expression in the systemic and mucosal immune system. Similarly, oral immunization with F4 fimbriae triggered a Th17 signature evidenced by an upregulated mRNA expression of IL-17F, RORγt, IL-23p19 and IL-21 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Intriguingly, IL-17A mRNA levels were unaltered. To further evaluate this difference between systemic and mucosal immune responses, we assayed the cytokine mRNA profile of F4 fimbriae stimulated PBMCs. F4 fimbriae induced IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22 and IL-23p19, but downregulated IL-17B mRNA expression. Altogether, these data indicate a Th17 dominated response upon oral immunization with F4 fimbriae and F4(+) ETEC infection. Our work also highlights that IL-17B and IL-17F participate in the immune response to protect the host against F4(+) ETEC infection and could aid in the design of future ETEC vaccines.
On the oxidation of the three-dimensional aromatics [B(12)X(12)](2-) (X=F, Cl, Br, I).

PubMed

Boeré, René T; Derendorf, Janis; Jenne, Carsten; Kacprzak, Sylwia; Kessler, Mathias; Riebau, Rainer; Riedel, Sebastian; Roemmele, Tracey L; Rühle, Monika; Scherer, Harald; Vent-Schmidt, Thomas; Warneke, Jonas; Weber, Stefan

2014-04-07

The perhalogenated closo-dodecaborate dianions [B12 X12 ](2-) (X=H, F, Cl, Br, I) are three-dimensional counterparts to the two-dimensional aromatics C6 X6 (X=H, F, Cl, Br, I). Whereas oxidation of the parent compounds [B12 H12 ](2-) and benzene does not lead to isolable radicals, the perhalogenated analogues can be oxidized by chemical or electrochemical methods to give stable radicals. The chemical oxidation of the closo-dodecaborate dianions [B12 X12 ](2-) with the strong oxidizer AsF5 in liquid sulfur dioxide (lSO2 ) yielded the corresponding radical anions [B12 X12 ](⋅-) (X=F, Cl, Br). The presence of radical ions was proven by EPR and UV/Vis spectroscopy and supported by quantum chemical calculations. Use of an excess amount of the oxidizing agent allowed the synthesis of the neutral perhalogenated hypercloso-boranes B12 X12 (X=Cl, Br). These compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction of dark blue B12 Cl12 and [Na(SO2 )6 ][B12 Br12 ]⋅B12 Br12 . Sublimation of the crude reaction products that contained B12 X12 (X=Cl, Br) resulted in pure dark blue B12 Cl12 or decomposition to red B9 Br9 , respectively. The energetics of the oxidation processes in the gas phase were calculated by DFT methods at the PBE0/def2-TZVPP level of theory. They revealed the trend of increasing ionization potentials of the [B12 X12 ](2-) dianions by going from fluorine to bromine as halogen substituent. The oxidation of all [B12 X12 ](2-) dianions was also studied in the gas phase by mass spectrometry in an ion trap. The electrochemical oxidation of the closo-dodecaborate dianions [B12 X12 ](2-) (X=F, Cl, Br, I) by cyclic and Osteryoung square-wave voltammetry in liquid sulfur dioxide or acetonitrile showed very good agreement with quantum chemical calculations in the gas phase. For [B12 X12 ](2-) (X=F, Cl, Br) the first and second oxidation processes are detected. Whereas the first process is quasi-reversible (with oxidation potentials in the range between +1
F+ and F⁻ affinities of simple N(x)F(y) and O(x)F(y) compounds.

PubMed

Grant, Daniel J; Wang, Tsang-Hsiu; Vasiliu, Monica; Dixon, David A; Christe, Karl O

2011-03-07

Atomization energies at 0 K and heats of formation at 0 and 298 K are predicted for the neutral and ionic N(x)F(y) and O(x)F(y) systems using coupled cluster theory with single and double excitations and including a perturbative triples correction (CCSD(T)) method with correlation consistent basis sets extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit. To achieve near chemical accuracy (±1 kcal/mol), three corrections to the electronic energy were added to the frozen core CCSD(T)/CBS binding energies: corrections for core-valence, scalar relativistic, and first order atomic spin-orbit effects. Vibrational zero point energies were computed at the CCSD(T) level of theory where possible. The calculated heats of formation are in good agreement with the available experimental values, except for FOOF because of the neglect of higher order correlation corrections. The F(+) affinity in the N(x)F(y) series increases from N(2) to N(2)F(4) by 63 kcal/mol, while that in the O(2)F(y) series decreases by 18 kcal/mol from O(2) to O(2)F(2). Neither N(2) nor N(2)F(4) is predicted to bind F(-), and N(2)F(2) is a very weak Lewis acid with an F(-) affinity of about 10 kcal/mol for either the cis or trans isomer. The low F(-) affinities of the nitrogen fluorides explain why, in spite of the fact that many stable nitrogen fluoride cations are known, no nitrogen fluoride anions have been isolated so far. For example, the F(-) affinity of NF is predicted to be only 12.5 kcal/mol which explains the numerous experimental failures to prepare NF(2)(-) salts from the well-known strong acid HNF(2). The F(-) affinity of O(2) is predicted to have a small positive value and increases for O(2)F(2) by 23 kcal/mol, indicating that the O(2)F(3)(-) anion might be marginally stable at subambient temperatures. The calculated adiabatic ionization potentials and electron affinities are in good agreement with experiment considering that many of the experimental values are for vertical processes. © 2011
Rate coefficients for the reaction of O(1D) with the atmospherically long-lived greenhouse gases NF3, SF5CF3, CHF3, C2F6, c-C4F8, n-C5F12, and n-C6F14

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Baasandorj, M.; Hall, B. D.; Burkholder, J. B.

2012-12-01

The contribution of atmospherically persistent (long-lived) greenhouse gases to the radiative forcing of Earth has increased over the past several decades. The impact of highly fluorinated, saturated compounds, in particular perfluorinated compounds, on climate change is a concern because of their long atmospheric lifetimes, which are primarily determined by stratospheric loss processes, as well as their strong absorption in the infrared "window" region. A potentially key stratospheric loss process for these compounds is their gas-phase reaction with electronically excited oxygen atoms, O(1D). Therefore, accurate reaction rate coefficient data is desired for input to climate change models. In this work, rate coefficients, k, were measured for the reaction of O(1D) with several key long-lived greenhouse gases, namely NF3, SF5CF3, CHF3 (HFC-23), C2F6, c-C4F8, n-C5F12, and n-C6F14. Room temperature rate coefficients for the total reaction, kTot, corresponding to loss of O(1D), and reactive channel, kR, corresponding to the loss of the reactant compound, were measured for NF3 and SF5CF3 using competitive reaction and relative rate methods, respectively. kR was measured for the CHF3 reaction and improved upper-limits were determined for the perfluorinated compounds included in this study. For NF3, kTot was determined to be (2.55 ± 0.38) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and kR, which was measured using CF3Cl, N2O, CF2ClCF2Cl (CFC-114), and CF3CFCl2 (CFC-114a) as reference compounds, was determined to be (2.21 ± 0.33) × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. For SF5CF3, kTot = (3.24 ± 0.50) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and kR < 5.8 × 10×14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 were measured, where kR is a factor of three lower than the current recommendation of kTot for use in atmospheric modeling. For CHF3 kR was determined to be (2.35 ± 0.35) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, which corresponds to a reactive channel yield of 0.26 ± 0.04, and resolves a large discrepancy among previously reported values
12 CFR 563f.1 - Authority, purpose, and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... situations where the management interlock likely would have an anticompetitive effect. (c) Scope. This part... 12 Banks and Banking 6 2014-01-01 2012-01-01 true Authority, purpose, and scope. 563f.1 Section 563f.1 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY MANAGEMENT OFFICIAL...
12 CFR 563f.1 - Authority, purpose, and scope.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... situations where the management interlock likely would have an anticompetitive effect. (c) Scope. This part... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Authority, purpose, and scope. 563f.1 Section 563f.1 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY MANAGEMENT OFFICIAL...

17 CFR 240.12f-3 - Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-3 Section 240.12f-3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND... Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-3 Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges. (a) The issuer of any security for which unlisted trading privileges...
17 CFR 240.12f-3 - Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-3 Section 240.12f-3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND... Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-3 Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges. (a) The issuer of any security for which unlisted trading privileges...
17 CFR 240.12f-3 - Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-3 Section 240.12f-3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND... Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-3 Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges. (a) The issuer of any security for which unlisted trading privileges...
17 CFR 240.12f-3 - Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-3 Section 240.12f-3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND... Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-3 Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges. (a) The issuer of any security for which unlisted trading privileges...
17 CFR 240.12f-3 - Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-3 Section 240.12f-3 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND... Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-3 Termination or suspension of unlisted trading privileges. (a) The issuer of any security for which unlisted trading privileges...
Relative quantum yield of I-asterisk(2P1/2) in the tunable laser UV photodissociation of i-C3F7I and n-C3F7I - Effect of temperature and exciplex emission

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smedley, J. E.; Leone, S. R.

1983-01-01

Wavelength-specific relative quantum yields of metastable I from pulsed laser photodissociation of i-C3F7I and n-C3F7I in the range 265-336 nm are determined by measuring the time-resolved infrared emission from the atomic I(P-2(1/2) P-2(3/2) transition. It is shown that although this yield appears to be unity from 265 to 298 nm, it decreases dramatically at longer wavelengths. Values are also reported for the enhancement of emission from metastable I due to exciplex formation at several temperatures. The exciplex formation emission increases linearly with parent gas pressure, but decreases with increasing temperature. Absorption spectra of i- and n-C3F7I between 303 and 497 K are presented, and the effect of temperature on the quantum yields at selected wavelengths greater than 300 nm, where increasing the temperature enhances the absorption considerably, are given. The results are discussed in regard to the development of solar-pumped iodine lasers.
Interrelationship and path coefficient analysis of yield components in F4 progenies of tef (Eragrostis tef).

PubMed

Debebe, Abel; Singh, Harijat; Tefera, Hailu

2014-01-01

This experiment was conducted at Debre Zeit and Akaki during 2004-2005 cropping season on F2-derived F4 bulk families of three crosses, viz, DZ-01-974 x DZ-01-2786, DZ-01-974 x DZ-Cr-37 and Alba x Kaye Murri. To estimate the correlations and path coefficients between yield and yield components, 63 F4 families were taken randomly from each of the three crosses. The 189 F4 families, five parents and two checks were space planted following in 14 x 14 simple lattice design. Study of associations among traits indicated that yield was positively associated with shoot biomass, harvest index, lodging index and panicle kernel weight at phenotypic level at Debre Zeit. At Akaki, yield had significant positive correlation with shoot biomass, harvest index, plant height, panicle length and panicle weight. At genotypic level, grain yield per plot exhibited positive association with harvest index, shoot biomass, lodging index and panicle kernel weight at Debre Zeit. By contrast, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height and panicle length showed negative association with yield. At Akaki, kernel yield per plot was positively correlated at genotypic level with all the traits considered where lodging index had the highest correlation followed by shoot biomass, panicle kernel weight and harvest index. Path coefficient analysis at both phenotypic and genotypic levels for both the locations suggested those shoot biomass and harvest indexes are the two important yield determining traits. These two traits might be useful in indirect selection for yield improvement in the material generated from the three crosses under consideration.
The Utility of [18F]DASA-23 for Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer with Positron Emission Tomography.

PubMed

Beinat, Corinne; Haywood, Tom; Chen, Yun-Sheng; Patel, Chirag B; Alam, Israt S; Murty, Surya; Gambhir, Sanjiv Sam

2018-05-07

There is a strong, unmet need for superior positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents that are able to measure biochemical processes specific to prostate cancer. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) catalyzes the concluding step in glycolysis and is a key regulator of tumor growth and metabolism. Elevation of PKM2 expression was detected in Gleason 8-10 tumors compared to Gleason 6-7 carcinomas, indicating that PKM2 may potentially be a marker of aggressive prostate cancer. We have recently reported the development of a PKM2-specific radiopharmaceutical [ 18 F]DASA-23 and herein describe its evaluation in cell culture and preclinical models of prostate cancer. The cellular uptake of [ 18 F]DASA-23 was evaluated in a panel of prostate cancer cell lines and compared to that of [ 18 F]FDG. The specificity of [ 18 F]DASA-23 to measure PKM2 levels in cell culture was additionally confirmed through the use of PKM2-specific siRNA. PET imaging studies were then completed utilizing subcutaneous prostate cancer xenografts using either PC3 or DU145 cells in mice. [ 18 F]DASA-23 uptake values over 60-min incubation period in PC3, LnCAP, and DU145 respectively were 23.4 ± 4.5, 18.0 ± 2.1, and 53.1 ± 4.6 % tracer/mg protein. Transient reduction in PKM2 protein expression with siRNA resulted in a 50.1 % reduction in radiotracer uptake in DU145 cells. Small animal PET imaging revealed 0.86 ± 0.13 and 1.6 ± 0.2 % ID/g at 30 min post injection of radioactivity in DU145 and PC3 subcutaneous tumor bearing mice respectively. Herein, we evaluated a F-18-labeled PKM2-specific radiotracer, [ 18 F]DASA-23, for the molecular imaging of prostate cancer with PET. [ 18 F]DASA-23 revealed rapid and extensive uptake levels in cellular uptake studies of prostate cancer cells; however, there was only modest tumor uptake when evaluated in mouse subcutaneous tumor models.
17 CFR 240.12f-1 - Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... reinstate unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-1 Section 240.12f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-1 Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges. (a) An application to reinstate unlisted...
17 CFR 240.12f-1 - Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... reinstate unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-1 Section 240.12f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-1 Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges. (a) An application to reinstate unlisted...
17 CFR 240.12f-1 - Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... reinstate unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-1 Section 240.12f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-1 Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges. (a) An application to reinstate unlisted...
17 CFR 240.12f-1 - Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... reinstate unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-1 Section 240.12f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-1 Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges. (a) An application to reinstate unlisted...
17 CFR 240.12f-1 - Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... reinstate unlisted trading privileges. 240.12f-1 Section 240.12f-1 Commodity and Securities Exchanges... Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-1 Applications for permission to reinstate unlisted trading privileges. (a) An application to reinstate unlisted...
Sol-gel synthesis of K{sub 3}InF{sub 6} and structural characterization of K{sub 2}InC{sub 10}O{sub 10}H{sub 6}F{sub 9}, K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 14}H{sub 4}F{sub 18} and K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 12}F{sub 18}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Labeguerie, Jessica; Gredin, Patrick; Marrot, Jerome

2005-10-15

K{sub 3}InF{sub 6} is synthesized by a sol-gel route starting from indium and potassium acetates dissolved in isopropanol in the stoichiometry 1:3, with trifluoroacetic acid as fluorinating agent. The crystal structures of the organic precursors were solved by X-ray diffraction methods on single crystals. Three organic compounds were isolated and identified: K{sub 2}InC{sub 10}O{sub 10}H{sub 6}F{sub 9}, K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 14}H{sub 4}F{sub 18} and K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 12}F{sub 18}. The first one, deficient in potassium in comparison with the initial stoichiometry, is unstable. In its crystal structure, acetate as well as trifluoroacetate anions are coordinated to the indium atom. Themore » two other precursors are obtained, respectively, by quick and slow evaporation of the solution. They correspond to the final organic compounds, which give K{sub 3}InF{sub 6} by decomposition at high temperature. The crystal structure of K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 14}H{sub 4}F{sub 18} is characterized by complex anions [In(CF{sub 3}COO){sub 4}(OH{sub x}){sub 2}]{sup (5-2x)-} and isolated [CF{sub 3}COOH{sub 2-x}]{sup (x-1)-} molecules with x=2 or 1, surrounded by K{sup +} cations. The crystal structure of K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 12}F{sub 18} is only constituted by complex anions [In(CF{sub 3}COO){sub 6}]{sup 3-} and K{sup +} cations. For all these compounds, potassium cations ensure only the electroneutrality of the structure. IR spectra of K{sub 2}InC{sub 10}O{sub 10}H{sub 6}F{sub 9} and K{sub 3}InC{sub 12}O{sub 12}F{sub 18} were also performed at room temperature on pulverized crystals.« less
Structure of a catalytic dimer of the α- and β-subunits of the F-ATPase from Paracoccus denitrificans at 2.3 Å resolution

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morales-Ríos, Edgar; Montgomery, Martin G.; Leslie, Andrew G. W.

2015-09-23

The structure of the αβ heterodimer of the F-ATPase from the α-proteobacterium P. denitrificans has been determined at 2.3 Å resolution. It corresponds to the ‘open’ or ‘empty’ catalytic interface found in other F-ATPases. The structures of F-ATPases have predominantly been determined from mitochondrial enzymes, and those of the enzymes in eubacteria have been less studied. Paracoccus denitrificans is a member of the α-proteobacteria and is related to the extinct protomitochondrion that became engulfed by the ancestor of eukaryotic cells. The P. denitrificans F-ATPase is an example of a eubacterial F-ATPase that can carry out ATP synthesis only, whereas manymore » others can catalyse both the synthesis and the hydrolysis of ATP. Inhibition of the ATP hydrolytic activity of the P. denitrificans F-ATPase involves the ζ inhibitor protein, an α-helical protein that binds to the catalytic F{sub 1} domain of the enzyme. This domain is a complex of three α-subunits and three β-subunits, and one copy of each of the γ-, δ- and ∊-subunits. Attempts to crystallize the F{sub 1}–ζ inhibitor complex yielded crystals of a subcomplex of the catalytic domain containing the α- and β-subunits only. Its structure was determined to 2.3 Å resolution and consists of a heterodimer of one α-subunit and one β-subunit. It has no bound nucleotides, and it corresponds to the ‘open’ or ‘empty’ catalytic interface found in other F-ATPases. The main significance of this structure is that it aids in the determination of the structure of the intact membrane-bound F-ATPase, which has been crystallized.« less
Simultaneous observations of F2 layer stratification and spread F at postmidnight over a northern equatorial anomaly region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Chunhua; Yang, Guobin; Deng, Chi; Zhou, Chen; Zhu, Peng; Yokoyama, Tatsuhiro; Song, Huan; Lan, Ting; Ni, Binbin; Zhao, Zhengyu; Zhang, Yuannong

2015-12-01

Simultaneous observations of F2 layer stratification and spread F at postmidnight (00:00 LT to 05:00 LT) were carried out on 22, 23, and 28 November 2013, using ionosondes distributed over a northern equatorial anomaly region at three specific locations, i.e., Puer (PUR, 22.7°N, 101.05°E, dip latitude 12.9°N), Chiang Mai (CMU, 18.8°N, 98.9°E, dip latitude 9.04°N), and Chumphon (CPN, 10.7°N, 99.4°E, dip latitude 0.93°N). The results show that both the PUR and CMU stations observed the F2 layer stratification at postmidnight in the Northern Hemisphere, frequently accompanied with gravity waves (the periods~30-100 min). It is reported that F2 layer stratification at postmidnight can be observed in the Northern Hemisphere for the first time. It is suggested that the thermospheric neutral wind triggered by gravity waves strongly contribute to the altitude dependence of the combined vertical plasma velocity, which consequently poses significant impacts on the occurrence of the low-latitude F2 layer stratification at postmidnight. In addition, the spread F other than F2 layer stratification was observed at the CPN station located at the geomagnetic equator, suggesting that smaller geomagnetic inclination tend to inhibit the postmidnight F2 layer stratification in the equatorial region. Furthermore, on 23 November 2013 a good correlation was identified between the F2 layer stratification at PUR and the spread F at both CMU and CPN, possibly due to that the large-scale gravity waves originating at middle latitudes contribute to the nighttime spread F observed in the low-latitude and equatorial regions.
‘Caro-Tex 312’, a high yielding, orange-fruited, Habanero-type, F1 hybrid pepper

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

The Agricultural Research Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of Texas A&M University have released the high yielding, orange-fruited, Habanero-type, F1 hybrid pepper cultivar CaroTex-312. CaroTex-312 is the result of an F1 cross made at C...
CLAES CH4, N2O and CCL2F2 (F12) global data. [Cryogenic Array Etalon Spectrometer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kumer, J. B.; Mergenthaler, J. L.; Roche, A. E.

1993-01-01

Zonal mean comparisons of CH4 (for altitude regions above the 1.35 ppmv contour), of N2O (above the 210 ppbv contour), and of F12 (above the 360 pptv contour) with UARS prelaunch climatology and with recent models shows reasonable agreement, and some interesting differences in the details of equatorial uplift and descent near the winter poles, including apparent north-south differences. Prominent features such as the double peaked uplift structure in the April-May SAMS data are clearly evident in all three CLAES tracers. Contours of SAMS CH4 and N2O occur mostly at higher pressures than in the CLAES data, presumably due in part to increased tropospheric content of these gases, and/or perhaps some dynamic difference associated with the 15 years time difference between the data sets. The CLAES F12 are the first long time base global data sets. These show more tropical uplift than climatology or models. This might suggest a somewhat shorter lifetime of F12 in the stratosphere than is currently accepted.
Media for identification of Gibberella zeae and production of F-2-(Zearalenone).

PubMed

Bacon, C W; Robbins, J D; Porter, J K

1977-02-01

Media are described for the isolaton of Fusarium graminearum in the perithecial state, Gibberella zeae, and for the production of F-2 (zearalenone) by Fusarium species. On soil extract-corn meal agar isolated medium, G. Zeae produced perithecia in 9 to 14 days under a 12-h photoperiod. Species of Fusarium were screened for F-2 production on a liquid medium. From strains that produced F-2, the yields, from stationary cultures of G. zeae and F. culmorum after 12 days of incubation, ranged from 22 to 86 mg/liter. Three strains produced no F-2. Glumatic acid, starch, yeast extract,and the proper ratio of medium volume-to-flask volume were necessary for F-2 synthesis.
Fission fragment yield distribution in the heavy-mass region from the 239Pu (nth,f ) reaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gupta, Y. K.; Biswas, D. C.; Serot, O.; Bernard, D.; Litaize, O.; Julien-Laferrière, S.; Chebboubi, A.; Kessedjian, G.; Sage, C.; Blanc, A.; Faust, H.; Köster, U.; Ebran, A.; Mathieu, L.; Letourneau, A.; Materna, T.; Panebianco, S.

2017-07-01

The fission fragment yield distribution has been measured in the 239Pu(nth,f ) reaction in the mass region of A =126 to 150 using the Lohengrin recoil-mass spectrometer. Three independent experimental campaigns were performed, allowing a significant reduction of the uncertainties compared to evaluated nuclear data libraries. The long-standing discrepancy of around 10% for the relative yield of A =134 reported in JEF-2.2 and JEFF-3.1.1 data libraries is finally solved. Moreover, the measured mass distribution in thermal neutron-induced fission does not show any significant dip around the shell closure (A =136 ) as seen in heavy-ion fission data of 208Pb(18O, f ) and 238U(18O, f ) reactions. Lastly, comparisons between our experimental data and the predictions from Monte Carlo codes (gef and fifrelin) are presented and discussed.

Spread-F occurrences and relationships with foF2 and h'F at low- and mid-latitudes in China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Ning; Guo, Lixin; Zhao, Zhenwei; Ding, Zonghua; Lin, Leke

2018-04-01

Ionospheric irregularities are an important phenomenon in scientific studies and applications of radio-wave propagation. Spread-F echoes in ionograms are a type of high-frequency band irregularities that include frequency spread-F (FSF), range spread-F (RSF), and mixed spread-F (MSF) events. In this study, we obtained spread-F data from four ionosondes at low- and mid-latitudes near the 120°E chain in China during the 23rd solar cycle. We used these data to investigate spread-F occurrence percentages and variations with local time, season, latitude, and solar activity. The four ionosondes were located at Haikou (HK) (20°N, 110.34°E), Guangzhou (GZ) (23.14°N, 113.36°E), Beijing (BJ) (40.11°N, 116.28°E), and Changchun (CC) (43.84°N, 125.28°E). We also present possible correlations between spread-Fs and other ionospheric parameters, such as the critical frequency of the F2-layer (foF2) and the virtual height of the bottom-side F-layer (h'F). In particular, we investigated the possible threshold of the foF2 affecting the FSF and the relationship between the h'F and the RSF. The main conclusions are as follows: (a) the FSF occurrence percentages were anti-correlated with solar activity at all four sites; meanwhile, RSF occurrence rates increased with the increase in solar activity at HK, but not at the other three sites; (b) FSF occurrence rates were larger at the mid-latitudes than expected, while FSFs occurred more often after midnight; (c) the highest FSF occurrence rates mostly appeared during the summer months, while RSFs occurred mostly in the equinoctial months of 2000-2002 at HK and GZ; (d) a lower foF2 was suitable for FSF events; nevertheless, h'F and RSF occurrences satisfied the parabolic relationship; (e) the foF2 thresholds for FSFs were 15, 14, 7.6, and 7.8 MHz at HK, GZ, BJ, and CC, respectively. The h'Fs occurring between 240 and 290 km were more favorable for RSF occurrences. These results are important for understanding ionospheric
Optimizing a 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG cocktail for PET assessment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

PubMed Central

Simoncic, Urban; Perlman, Scott; Liu, Glenn; Jeraj, Robert

2015-01-01

Background The 18F-NaF/18F-FDG cocktail PET/CT imaging has been proposed for patients with osseous metastases. This work aimed to optimize the cocktail composition for patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Materials and methods Study was done on 6 patients with mCRPC that had analyzed a total of 26 lesions. Patients had 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG injections separated in time. Dynamic PET/CT imaging recorded uptake time course for both tracers into osseous metastases. 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG uptakes were decoupled by kinetic analysis, which enabled calculation of 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG Standardized Uptake Value (SUV) images. Peak, mean and total SUVs were evaluated for both tracers and all visible lesions. The 18F-NaF/18F-FDG cocktail was optimized under the assumption that contribution of both tracers to the image formation should be equal. SUV images for combined 18F-NaF/18F-FDG cocktail PET/CT imaging were generated for cocktail compositions with 18F-NaF:18F-FDG ratio varying from 1:8 to 1:2. Results The 18F-NaF peak and mean SUVs were on average 4-5 times higher than the 18F-FDG peak and mean SUVs, with inter-lesion coefficient-of-variations (COV) of 20%. 18F-NaF total SUV was on average 7 times higher than the 18F-FDG total SUV. When the 18F-NaF:18F-FDG ratio changed from 1:8 to 1:2, typical SUV on generated PET images increased by 50%, while change in uptake visual pattern was hardly noticeable. Conclusion The 18F-NaF/18F-FDG cocktail has equal contributions of both tracers to the image formation when the 18F-NaF:18F-FDG ratio is 1:5. Therefore we propose this ratio as the optimal cocktail composition for mCRPC patients. We also urge to strictly control the 18F-NaF/18F-FDG cocktail composition in any 18F-NaF/18F-FDG cocktail PET/CT exams. PMID:26378490
The F-12 series aircraft approach to design for control system reliability

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Schenk, F. L.; Mcmaster, J. R.

1976-01-01

The F-12 series aircraft control system design philosophy is reviewed as it pertains to functional reliability. The basic control system, i.e., cables, mixer, feel system, trim devices, and hydraulic systems are described and discussed. In addition, the implementation of the redundant stability augmentation system in the F-12 aircraft is described. Finally, the functional reliability record that has been achieved is presented.
Environment effects for earliness and grain yield traits in F1 diallel populations of maize (Zea mays L.).

PubMed

Ali, Sardar; Khan, Naqib Ullah; Khalil, Iftikhar Hussain; Iqbal, Muhammad; Gul, Samrin; Ahmed, Sheraz; Ali, Naushad; Sajjad, Mohammad; Afridi, Khilwat; Ali, Imtiaz; Khan, Shah Masaud

2017-10-01

Five maize inbred lines, 20 F 1 diallel hybrids and two check genotypes were evaluated through genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and GGE biplot for earliness and yield traits at four locations. Genotype, environment and GEI showed highly significant differences for all the traits. In total sum of squares, environment and genotype played a primary role, followed by GEI. Larger effects of environment and genotype to total variation influence the earliness and yield traits. However, according to the GGE biplot, the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 95% of the variation caused by GEI. GGE biplot confirmed the differential response of genotypes across environments. F 1 hybrid SWAJK-1 × FRHW-3 had better stability, with a good yield, and was considered an ideal genotype. F 1 hybrid FRHW-2 × FRHW-1 showed more earliness at CCRI and Haripur, followed by PSEV3 × FRHW-2 and its reciprocal at Swat and Mansehra, respectively. F 1 hybrids FRHW-1 × SWAJK-1, PSEV3 × SWAJK-1 and SWAJK-1 × FRHW-3 at Mansehra and Swat produced maximum grain yield, followed by SWAJK-1 × FRHW-1 and PSEV3 × FRHW-1 at Haripur and CCRI, respectively. Overall, maize genotypes showed early maturity in plain areas (CCRI and Haripur) but higher yield in hilly areas (Mansehra and Swat). © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
The Osmium(VIII) Oxofluoro Cations OsO(2)F(3)(+) and F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+): Syntheses, Characterization by (19)F NMR Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Crystal Structure of F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+)Sb(2)F(11)(-), and Density Functional Theory Calculations of OsO(2)F(3)(+), ReO(2)F(3), and F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+).

PubMed

Casteel, William J.; Dixon, David A.; Mercier, Hélène P. A.; Schrobilgen, Gary J.

1996-07-17

Osmium dioxide tetrafluoride, cis-OsO(2)F(4), reacts with the strong fluoride ion acceptors AsF(5) and SbF(5) in anhydrous HF and SbF(5) solutions to form orange salts. Raman spectra are consistent with the formation of the fluorine-bridged diosmium cation F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+), as the AsF(6)(-) and Sb(2)F(11)(-) salts, respectively. The (19)F NMR spectra of the salts in HF solution are exchange-averaged singlets occurring at higher frequency than those of the fluorine environments of cis-OsO(2)F(4). The F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+)Sb(2)F(11)(-) salt crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Imma. At -107 degrees C, a = 12.838(3) Å, b = 10.667(2) Å, c = 11.323(2) Å, V = 1550.7(8) Å(3), and Z = 4. Refinement converged with R = 0.0469 [R(w) = 0.0500]. The crystal structure consists of discrete fluorine-bridged F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+) and Sb(2)F(11)(-) ions in which the fluorine bridge of the F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+) cation is trans to an oxygen atom (Os-O 1.676 Å) of each OsO(2)F(3) group. The angle at the bridge is 155.2(8) degrees with a bridging Os---F(b) distance of 2.086(3) Å. Two terminal fluorine atoms (Os-F 1.821 Å) are cis to the two oxygen atoms (Os-O 1.750 Å), and two terminal fluorine atoms of the OsO(2)F(3) group are trans to one another (1.813 Å). The OsO(2)F(3)(+) cation was characterized by (19)F NMR and by Raman spectroscopy in neat SbF(5) solution but was not isolable in the solid state. The NMR and Raman spectroscopic findings are consistent with a trigonal bipyramidal cation in which the oxygen atoms and a fluorine atom occupy the equatorial plane and two fluorine atoms are in axial positions. Density functional theory calculations show that the crystallographic structure of F(cis-OsO(2)F(3))(2)(+) is the energy-minimized structure and the energy-minimized structures of the OsO(2)F(3)(+) cation and ReO(2)F(3) are trigonal bipyramidal having C(2)(v)() point symmetry. Attempts to prepare the OsOF(5)(+) cation by oxidative fluorination of cis
NbF5 and TaF5: Assignment of 19F NMR resonances and chemical bond analysis from GIPAW calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Biswal, Mamata; Body, Monique; Legein, Christophe; Sadoc, Aymeric; Boucher, Florent

2013-11-01

The 19F isotropic chemical shifts (δiso) of two isomorphic compounds, NbF5 and TaF5, which involve six nonequivalent fluorine sites, have been experimentally determined from the reconstruction of 1D 19F MAS NMR spectra. In parallel, the corresponding 19F chemical shielding tensors have been calculated using the GIPAW method for both experimental and DFT-optimized structures. Furthermore, the [M4F20] units of NbF5 and TaF5 being held together by van der Waals interactions, the relevance of Grimme corrections to the DFT optimization processes has been evaluated. However, the semi-empirical dispersion correction term introduced by such a method does not show any significant improvement. Nonetheless, a complete and convincing assignment of the 19F NMR lines of NbF5 and TaF5 is obtained, ensured by the linearity between experimental 19F δiso values and calculated 19F isotropic chemical shielding σiso values. The effects of the geometry optimizations have been carefully analyzed, confirming among other matters, the inaccuracy of the experimental structure of NbF5. The relationships between the fluorine chemical shifts, the nature of the fluorine atoms (bridging or terminal), the position of the terminal ones (opposite or perpendicular to the bridging ones), the fluorine charges, the ionicity and the length of the M-F bonds have been established. Additionally, for three of the 19F NMR lines of NbF5, distorted multiplets, arising from 1J-coupling and residual dipolar coupling between the 19F and 93Nb nuclei, were simulated yielding to values of 93Nb-19F 1J-coupling for the corresponding fluorine sites.
18F-labeled norepinephrine transporter tracer [18F]NS12137: radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation.

PubMed

Kirjavainen, Anna K; Forsback, Sarita; López-Picón, Francisco R; Marjamäki, Päivi; Takkinen, Jatta; Haaparanta-Solin, Merja; Peters, Dan; Solin, Olof

2018-01-01

Several psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases are associated with malfunction of brain norepinephrine transporter (NET). However, current clinical evaluations of NET function are limited by the lack of sufficiently sensitive methods of detection. To this end, we have synthesized exo-3-[(6-[ 18 F]fluoro-2-pyridyl)oxy]-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]-octane ([ 18 F]NS12137) as a radiotracer for positron emission tomography (PET) and have demonstrated that it is highly specific for in vivo detection of NET-rich regions of rat brain tissue. We applied two methods of electrophilic, aromatic radiofluorination of the precursor molecule, exo-3-[(6-trimethylstannyl-2-pyridyl)oxy]-8-azabicyclo-[3.2.1]octane-8-carboxylate: (1) direct labeling with [ 18 F]F 2 , and (2) labeling with [ 18 F]Selectfluor, a derivative of [ 18 F]F 2 , using post-target produced [ 18 F]F 2 . The time-dependent distribution of [ 18 F]NS12137 in brain tissue of healthy, adult Sprague-Dawley rats was determined by ex vivo autoradiography. The specificity of [ 18 F]NS12137 binding was demonstrated on the basis of competitive binding by nisoxetine, a known NET antagonist of high specificity. [ 18 F]NS12137 was successfully synthesized with radiochemical yields of 3.9% ± 0.3% when labeled with [ 18 F]F 2 and 10.2% ± 2.7% when labeled with [ 18 F]Selectfluor. The molar activity of radiotracer was 8.8 ± 0.7 GBq/μmol with [ 18 F]F 2 labeling and 6.9 ± 0.4 GBq/μmol with [ 18 F]Selectfluor labeling at the end of synthesis of [ 18 F]NS12137. Uptake of [ 18 F]NS12137 in NET-rich areas in rat brain was demonstrated with the locus coeruleus (LCoe) having the highest regional uptake. Prior treatment of rats with nisoxetine showed no detectable [ 18 F]NS12137 in the LCoe. Analyses of whole brain samples for radiometabolites showed only the parent compound [ 18 F]NS12137. Uptake of 18 F-radioactivity in bone increased with time. The two electrophilic 18 F-labeling methods proved to be suitable for synthesis of [ 18 F
Pressure-induced photoluminescence in Mn2+-doped BaF2 and SrF2 fluorites

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hernández, Ignacio; Rodríguez, Fernando

2003-01-01

This work reports an effective way for inducing room temperature photoluminescence (PL) in Mn2+-doped BaF2 and SrF2 using high-pressure techniques. The aim is to understand the surprising PL behavior exhibited by Mn2+ at the cubal site of the fluorite structure. While Mn2+-doped CaF2 shows a green PL with quantum yield close to 1 at room temperature, Mn2+-doped MF2 (M=Ba,Sr) is not PL either at room temperature (SrF2) or at any temperature (BaF2) at ambient pressure. We associate the loss of Mn2+ PL on passing from CaF2 to SrF2 or BaF2 with nonradiative multiphonon relaxation whose thermal activation energy decreases along the series CaF2→SrF2→BaF2. A salient feature of this work deals with the increase of activation energy induced by pressure. It leads to a quantum yield enhancement, which favors PL recovery. Furthermore, the activation energy mainly depends on the crystal volume per molecule irrespective of the crystal structure or the local symmetry around the impurity. In this way, the relevance of the fluorite-to-cotunnite phase transition is analyzed in connection with the PL properties of the investigated compounds. The PL spectrum and the corresponding lifetime are reported for both structural phases as a function of pressure.
(R)-N-Methyl-3-(3′-[18F]fluoropropyl)phenoxy)-3-phenylpropanamine (18F-MFP3) as a potential PET imaging agent for norepinephrine transporter

PubMed Central

Nguyen, Vivien L.; Pichika, Rama; Bhakta, Paayal H.; Kant, Ritu; Mukherjee, Jogeshwar

2010-01-01

A decline of norepinephrine transporter (NET) level is associated with several psychiatric and neurological disorders. Therefore positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents are greatly desired to study the NET pathway. We have developed a C-fluoropropyl analog of nisoxetine: (R)-N-methyl-3-(3′-[18F]fluoropropyl)phenoxy)-3-phenylpropanamine (18F-MFP3) as a new potential PET radiotracer for NET with the advantage of the longer half-life of fluorine-18 (110 min compared with carbon-11 (20 min). Synthesis of (R)-N-methyl-3-(3′-fluoropropyl)phenoxy)-3-phenylpropanamine (MFP3) was achieved in five steps starting from (S)-N-methyl-3-ol-3-phenylpropanamine in approx. 3–5% overall yields. In vitro binding affinity of nisoxetine and MFP3 in rat brain homogenates labeled with 3H-nisoxetine gave Ki values of 8.02 nM and 23 nM, respectively. For radiosynthesis of 18F-MFP3, fluorine-18 was incorporated into a tosylate precursor, followed by the deprotection of the N-BOC-protected amine group with a 15% decay corrected yield in 2.5 h. Reverse-phase chromatographic purification provided 18F-MFP3 in specific activities of >2000 Ci/mmol. Fluorine-18 labeled 18F-MFP3 has been produced in modest radiochemical yields and in high specific activities. Evaluation of 18F-MFP3 in animal imaging studies is in progress in order to validate this new fluorine-18 radiotracer for PET imaging of NET. PMID:20495670
Fluorine Kα X-Ray Emission Spectra of MgF2, CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sugiura, Chikara; Konishi, Wataru; Shoji, Shizuko; Kojima, Shinjiro

1990-11-01

The fluorine Kα emission spectra in fluorescence from a series of alkaline-earth fluorides MF2 (M=Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba) are measured with a high-resolution two-crystal vacuum spectrometer. An anomalously low intensity of the K1L1 satellite peak arising from 1s-1(2s2p)-1 initial states is observed for SrF2. The measured emission spectra are presented along with the UPS spectra of the F- 2p valence bands obtained by Poole et al. and the fluorine K absorption-edge spectra by Oizumi et al. By using these spectra, the first peak or shoulder in the fluorine K absorption-edge spectra is identified as being due to a core exciton which is formed below the bottom of the conduction band. The binding energy of the exciton is estimated to be 1.3(± 0.3), 1.1(± 0.2), 1.0(± 0.2) and 1.7(± 0.2) eV for MgF2, CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2, respectively.
Fluoride ion donor properties of cis-OsO(2)F(4): synthesis, raman spectroscopic study, and X-ray crystal structure of [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)].

PubMed

Hughes, Michael J; Mercier, Hélène P A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2010-01-04

The salt, [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)], has been synthesized by dissolution of cis-OsO(2)F(4) in liquid SbF(5), followed by removal of excess SbF(5) at 0 degrees C to yield orange, crystalline [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)]. The X-ray crystal structure (-173 degrees C) consists of an OsO(2)F(3)(+) cation fluorine bridged to an Sb(2)F(11)(-) anion. The light atoms of OsO(2)F(3)(+) and the bridging fluorine atom form a distorted octahedron around osmium in which the osmium atom is displaced from its center toward an oxygen atom and away from the trans-fluorine bridge atom. As in other transition metal dioxofluorides, the oxygen ligands are cis to one another and the fluorine bridge atom is trans to an oxygen ligand and cis to the remaining oxygen ligand. The Raman spectrum (-150 degrees C) of solid [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)] was assigned on the basis of the ion pair observed in the low-temperature crystal structure. Under dynamic vacuum, [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)] loses SbF(5), yielding the known [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][Sb(2)F(11)] salt with no evidence for [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)] formation. Attempts to synthesize [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)] by the reaction of [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)] with an equimolar amount of cis-OsO(2)F(4) or by a 1:1 stoichiometric reaction of cis-OsO(2)F(4) with SbF(5) in anhydrous HF yielded only [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][Sb(2)F(11)]. Quantum-chemical calculations at the SVWN and B3LYP levels of theory and natural bond orbital analyses were used to calculate the gas-phase geometries, vibrational frequencies, natural population analysis charges, bond orders, and valencies of OsO(2)F(3)(+), [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)], [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)], and Sb(2)F(11)(-). The relative thermochemical stabilities of [OsO(2)F(3)][SbF(6)], [OsO(2)F(3)][Sb(2)F(11)], [OsO(2)F(3)][AsF(6)], [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][SbF(6)], [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][Sb(2)F(11)], and [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3))(2)][AsF(6)] were assessed using the appropriate Born-Haber cycles to account for the preference for [mu-F(OsO(2)F(3
Automated synthesis of N-(2-[18 F]Fluoropropionyl)-l-glutamic acid as an amino acid tracer for tumor imaging on a modified [18 F]FDG synthesis module.

PubMed

Liu, Shaoyu; Sun, Aixia; Zhang, Zhanwen; Tang, Xiaolan; Nie, Dahong; Ma, Hui; Jiang, Shende; Tang, Ganghua

2017-06-15

N-(2-[ 18 F]Fluoropropionyl)-l-glutamic acid ([ 18 F]FPGLU) is a potential amino acid tracer for tumor imaging with positron emission tomography. However, due to the complicated multistep synthesis, the routine production of [ 18 F]FPGLU presents many challenging laboratory requirements. To simplify the synthesis process of this interesting radiopharmaceutical, an efficient automated synthesis of [ 18 F]FPGLU was performed on a modified commercial fluorodeoxyglucose synthesizer via a 2-step on-column hydrolysis procedure, including 18 F-fluorination and on-column hydrolysis reaction. [ 18 F]FPGLU was synthesized in 12 ± 2% (n = 10, uncorrected) radiochemical yield based on [ 18 F]fluoride using the tosylated precursor 2. The radiochemical purity was ≥98%, and the overall synthesis time was 35 minutes. To further optimize the radiosynthesis conditions of [ 18 F]FPGLU, a brominated precursor 3 was also used for the preparation of [ 18 F]FPGLU, and the improved radiochemical yield was up to 20 ± 3% (n = 10, uncorrected) in 35 minutes. Moreover, all these results were achieved using the similar on-column hydrolysis procedure on the modified fluorodeoxyglucose synthesis module. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
17 CFR 240.12f-5 - Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. 240.12f-5 Section 240.12f-5 Commodity and... EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-5 Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. A national...
17 CFR 240.12f-5 - Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. 240.12f-5 Section 240.12f-5 Commodity and... EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-5 Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. A national...
17 CFR 240.12f-5 - Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. 240.12f-5 Section 240.12f-5 Commodity and... EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-5 Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. A national...
17 CFR 240.12f-5 - Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. 240.12f-5 Section 240.12f-5 Commodity and... EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 Rules and Regulations Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Unlisted Trading § 240.12f-5 Exchange rules for securities to which unlisted trading privileges are extended. A national...
Enhance nisin yield via improving acid-tolerant capability of Lactococcus lactis F44.

PubMed

Zhang, Jian; Caiyin, Qinggele; Feng, Wenjing; Zhao, Xiuli; Qiao, Bin; Zhao, Guangrong; Qiao, Jianjun

2016-06-16

Traditionally, nisin was produced industrially by using Lactococcus lactis in the neutral fermentation process. However, nisin showed higher activity in the acidic environment. How to balance the pH value for bacterial normal growth and nisin activity might be the key problem. In this study, 17 acid-tolerant genes and 6 lactic acid synthetic genes were introduced in L. lactis F44, respectively. Comparing to the 2810 IU/mL nisin yield of the original strain F44, the nisin titer of the engineered strains over-expressing hdeAB, ldh and murG, increased to 3850, 3979 and 4377 IU/mL, respectively. These engineered strains showed more stable intracellular pH value during the fermentation process. Improvement of lactate production could partly provide the extra energy for the expression of acid tolerance genes during growth. Co-overexpression of hdeAB, murG, and ldh(Z) in strain F44 resulted in the nisin titer of 4913 IU/mL. The engineered strain (ABGL) could grow on plates with pH 4.2, comparing to the surviving pH 4.6 of strain F44. The fed-batch fermentation showed nisin titer of the co-expression L. lactis strain could reach 5563 IU/mL with lower pH condition and longer cultivation time. This work provides a novel strategy of constructing robust strains for use in industry process.
Tyndall AFB, Florida. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

DTIC Science & Technology

1982-12-03

8.. 4𔃾. o.0I 44 ’ ’O 󈧤 I6F .3 16 .J PSYCHROMETRIC SUMMARY T-WET BULB TEM4PERATURE DEPRESION JF) TOTAL TOTAL F 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 T10 12 13 ]A 15 6...STATION VATON AM.3 WET BULB TEMPERATURE DEPRESION F1 TOTAL TOTAL (F) 0 1-2 3-4 5-6 7-. 9 10 11. 2 13 14 151. 6 17 1 19 20 21 22 23 24.25-26.27 2.29 30 31
Structures of M2(SO2)6B12F12 (M = Ag or K) and Ag2(H2O)4B12F12: Comparison of the Coordination of SO2 versus H2O and of B12F122- versus Other Weakly Coordinating Anions to Metal Ions in the Solid State.

PubMed

Malischewski, Moritz; Peryshkov, Dmitry V; Bukovsky, Eric V; Seppelt, Konrad; Strauss, Steven H

2016-12-05

The structures of three solvated monovalent cation salts of the superweak anion B 12 F 12 2- (Y 2- ), K 2 (SO 2 ) 6 Y, Ag 2 (SO 2 ) 6 Y, and Ag 2 (H 2 O) 4 Y, are reported and discussed with respect to previously reported structures of Ag + and K + with other weakly coordinating anions. The structures of K 2 (SO 2 ) 6 Y and Ag 2 (SO 2 ) 6 Y are isomorphous and are based on expanded cubic close-packed arrays of Y 2- anions with M(OSO) 6 + complexes centered in the trigonal holes of one expanded close-packed layer of B 12 centroids (⊙). The K + and Ag + ions have virtually identical bicapped trigonal prism MO 6 F 2 coordination spheres, with M-O distances of 2.735(1)-3.032(2) Å for the potassium salt and 2.526(5)-2.790(5) Å for the silver salt. Each M(OSO) 6 + complex is connected to three other cationic complexes through their six μ-SO 2 -κ 1 O,κ 2 O' ligands. The structure of Ag 2 (H 2 O) 4 Y is unique [different from that of K 2 (H 2 O) 4 Y]. Planes of close-packed arrays of anions are offset from neighboring planes along only one of the linear ⊙···⊙···⊙ directions of the close-packed arrays, with [Ag(μ-H 2 O) 2 Ag(μ-H 2 O) 2 )] ∞ infinite chains between the planes of anions. There are two nearly identical AgO 4 F 2 coordination spheres, with Ag-O distances of 2.371(5)-2.524(5) Å and Ag-F distances of 2.734(4)-2.751(4) Å. This is only the second structurally characterized compound with four H 2 O molecules coordinated to a Ag + ion in the solid state. Comparisons with crystalline H 2 O and SO 2 solvates of other Ag + and K + salts of weakly coordinating anions show that (i) N[(SO 2 ) 2 (1,2-C 6 H 4 )] - , BF 4 - , SbF 6 - , and Al(OC(CF 3 ) 3 ) 4 - coordinate much more strongly to Ag + than does Y 2- , (ii) SnF 6 2- coordinates somewhat more strongly to K + than does Y 2- , and (iii) B 12 Cl 12 2- coordinates to K + about the same as, if not slightly weaker than, Y 2- .
33 CFR 157.12f - Workshop functional test requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12f Workshop functional test requirements... the specific design of equipment. A completed workshop certificate including the delivery test... several ppm values on all measurement scales when operated on an oil appropriate for the application of...

33 CFR 157.12f - Workshop functional test requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12f Workshop functional test requirements... the specific design of equipment. A completed workshop certificate including the delivery test... several ppm values on all measurement scales when operated on an oil appropriate for the application of...
Spectroscopic investigations of ThF and ThF+.

PubMed

Barker, Beau J; Antonov, Ivan O; Heaven, Michael C; Peterson, Kirk A

2012-03-14

The electronic spectra of ThF and ThF(+) have been examined using laser induced fluorescence and resonant two-photon ionization techniques. The results from high-level ab initio calculations have been used to guide the assignment of these data. Spectra for ThF show that the molecule has an X (2)Δ(3/2) ground state. The upper spin-orbit component, X (2)Δ(5/2) was found at an energy of 2575(15) cm(-1). The low-lying states of ThF(+) were probed using dispersed fluorescence and pulsed field ionization-zero kinetic energy (PFI-ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy. Vibronic progressions belonging to four electronic states were identified. The lowest energy states were clearly (1)Σ(+) and (3)Δ(1). Although the energy ordering could not be rigorously determined, the evidence favors assignment of (1)Σ(+) as the ground state. The (3)Δ(1) state, of interest for investigation of the electron electric dipole moment, is just 315.0(5) cm(-1) above the ground state. The PFI-ZEKE measurements for ThF yielded an ionization energy of 51 581(3) cm(-1). Molecular constants show that the vibrational constant increases and the bond length shortens on ionization. This is consistent with removal of a non-bonding Th-centered 6d or 7s electron. Laser excitation of ThF(+) was used to probe electronically excited states in the range of 19,000-21,500 cm(-1).
Fundamental Quantum 1/F Noise in Ultrasmall Semiconductor Devices and Their Optimal Design Principles

DTIC Science & Technology

1988-05-31

Hooge parameter. 2. 1 / f Noise of the Recombination Current Generated in the Depletion Region The quantum i/ f ...theory. There are two forms of quantum 11f noise . In the first place C~ and Cn4 p n to quantum 1 / f noise theory. This would yield Hooge parameters S...Fundamental Quantum 1 / f Noise in Ultrasmall S~ iodcrD’vesadOtm.Dsgn P in. 12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S) Handel, Peter H. (Princioal investiaat r) 13a. TYPE
Characterization of the tribological coating composition 77 wt % CaF2 - 23 wt % Li F fused to IN-750 alloy

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Deadmore, D. L.; Sliney, H. E.

1986-01-01

A coating composed of 77 wt % CaF2 - 23 wt % LiF fused on IN-750 nickel-based alloy was studied using SEM, XRD, EDX, and optical microscopic methods. The surfaces examined were the as-fused coating with no subsequent treatment, the coating after ultrasonic cleaning in water, and the uncoated polished and etched metal. It was found that the coating reacts during fusion with Ti and Nb rich inclusions in the alloy. Numerous small rectangular crystallites of Ca(Ti,Nb) oxide are formed beneath an overlay of fused fluoride composition. These crystallines are stubby and appear to be embedded in the metal substrate surface. It is known from previous studies that this coating-alloy system has good tribological properties in extreme conditions, such as liquid fluorine. It has been concluded from the present study that the short firmly embedded crystalline protuberances contribute to the coating adherence and thereby to enhanced coating wear life.
Spectroscopic identification of CHCℓF2 (F-22) in the lower stratosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goldman, A.; Murcray, F. J.; Blatherwick, R. D.; Bonomo, F. S.; Murcray, F. H.; Murcray, D. G.

1981-09-01

Infrared atmospheric spectra were obtained at ˜0.02 cm-1 resolution during a balloon flight made on 3/23/81. These spectra show an absorption feature near 829 cm-1 which we identify as due to CHCℓF2 (Fluorocarbon 22). A preliminary estimate from the sunset spectra shows approximately 100 pptv F-22 near 15 km.
TMSOTf assisted synthesis of 2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine ([18F]FAC).

PubMed

Gangangari, Kishore K; Humm, John L; Larson, Steven M; Pillarsetty, Naga Vara Kishore

2018-01-01

[18F]FAC (2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, 1) is a versatile probe for imaging deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) expression levels in vivo. dCK is responsible for phosphorylation of deoxycytidine (dC, 2) and other nucleoside analogs, plays a key role in immune activation and has demonstrated to be one of the key enzymes in activating nucleoside based drugs including gemcitabine. Reported synthesis of [18F]FAC is high yielding but is quite challenging requiring bromination using HBr and careful drying of excess HBr which is critical for successful synthesis. Here in we report a simplified trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) assisted synthesis of [18F]FAC eliminating the need of bromination and drying. [18F]FAC (β-anomer) was synthesized with average isolated decay corrected yield of 10.59 + 4.2% (n = 6) with radiochemical purity of >98% and total synthesis time of 158 + 19 min.
Self-limited growth of the CaF nanowire on the Si(5 5 12)-2 × 1 template

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Hidong; Duvjir, Ganbat; Dugerjav, Otgonbayar; Li, Huiting; Motlak, Moaaed; Arvisbaatar, Amarmunkh; Seo, Jae M.

2012-10-01

The atomic structure and interfacial bonding of the ordered-and-isolated CaF nanowires on Si(5 5 12)-2 × 1 have been disclosed by scanning tunneling microscopy and synchrotron photoemission spectroscopy. Initially, CaF molecules dissociated from thermally deposited CaF2 molecules are adsorbed preferentially on the chain structures of Si(5 5 12)-2 × 1 held at 500 °C. With increasing CaF2 deposition amount, one-dimensional (1D) CaF nanowires composed of (113) and (111) facets are formed. The line density of these CaF nanowires increases as a function of deposition amount. Finally, at a submonolayer coverage, the surface is saturated with these 1D nanowires except for the (225) subunit, while the original period of Si(5 5 12)-2 × 1, 5.35 nm, is preserved. It has been deduced by the present studies that, owing to these preferential adsorption of CaF and facet-dependent growth of a CaF layer within a unit periodic length of Si(5 5 12)-2 × 1, such a self-limited growth of the CaF nanowire with a high aspect ratio becomes possible.
Prospective study of the clinical performance of three BACTEC media in a modern emergency department: Plus Aerobic/F, Plus Anaerobic/F, and Anaerobic Lytic/F.

PubMed

Rocchetti, Andrea; Di Matteo, Luigi; Bottino, Paolo; Foret, Benjamin; Gamalero, Elisa; Calabresi, Alessandra; Guido, Gianluca; Casagranda, Ivo

2016-11-01

The performance of 3 blood culture bottles (BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F, Plus Anaerobic/F, and Anaerobic Lytic/F) were analyzed with clinical specimens collected from 688 Emergency Department patients. A total of 270 strains belonging to 33 species were identified, with E. coli and S. aureus as the most frequently detected. Overall recovery rate (RR) of bacteria and yeast was equivalent in the Plus Aerobic/F vials (208 of 270 isolates; 77.0%) and Anaerobic Lytic/F vials (206 isolates; 76.3%) and significantly better than in the Plus Anaerobic/F vials (189 isolates; 70.0%). Median time to detection (TTD) was earliest with the Anaerobic Lytic/F vials (12.0h) compared with the Plus Aerobic/F (14.6h) and Plus Anaerobic/F vials (15.4h). Positivity rate (PR) was similar for Anaerobic Lytic/F vials (76.9%) and Plus Aerobic/F vials (76.5%), but better if compared with Plus Anaerobic/F vials (69.4%). The PR and TTD for the combination of Plus Aerobic/F with Anaerobic Lytic/F (94.5% and 12.3h, respectively) was significantly better than with Plus Aerobic/F with Plus Anaerobic/F (87.8% and 14.1h). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of Multicolor Core/Shell NaLuF4:Yb3+/Ln3+@CaF2 Upconversion Nanocrystals

PubMed Central

Li, Hui; Hao, Shuwei; Yang, Chunhui; Chen, Guanying

2017-01-01

The ability to synthesize high-quality hierarchical core/shell nanocrystals from an efficient host lattice is important to realize efficacious photon upconversion for applications ranging from bioimaging to solar cells. Here, we describe a strategy to fabricate multicolor core @ shell α-NaLuF4:Yb3+/Ln3+@CaF2 (Ln = Er, Ho, Tm) upconversion nanocrystals (UCNCs) based on the newly established host lattice of sodium lutetium fluoride (NaLuF4). We exploited the liquid-solid-solution method to synthesize the NaLuF4 core of pure cubic phase and the thermal decomposition approach to expitaxially grow the calcium fluoride (CaF2) shell onto the core UCNCs, yielding cubic core/shell nanocrystals with a size of 15.6 ± 1.2 nm (the core ~9 ± 0.9 nm, the shell ~3.3 ± 0.3 nm). We showed that those core/shell UCNCs could emit activator-defined multicolor emissions up to about 772 times more efficient than the core nanocrystals due to effective suppression of surface-related quenching effects. Our results provide a new paradigm on heterogeneous core/shell structure for enhanced multicolor upconversion photoluminescence from colloidal nanocrystals. PMID:28336867
Synthesis, characterization, and application of two Al(OR(F))3 Lewis superacids.

PubMed

Kraft, Anne; Trapp, Nils; Himmel, Daniel; Böhrer, Hannes; Schlüter, Peter; Scherer, Harald; Krossing, Ingo

2012-07-23

We report herein the synthesis and full characterization of the donor-free Lewis superacids Al(OR(F))(3) with OR(F) = OC(CF(3))(3) (1) and OC(C(5)F(10))C(6)F(5) (2), the stabilization of 1 as adducts with the very weak Lewis bases PhF, 1,2-F(2)C(6)H(4), and SO(2), as well as the internal C-F activation pathway of 1 leading to Al(2)(F)(OR(F))(5) (4) and trimeric [FAl(OR(F))(2)](3) (5, OR(F) = OC(CF(3))(3)). Insights have been gained from NMR studies, single-crystal structure determinations, and DFT calculations. The usefulness of these Lewis acids for halide abstractions has been demonstrated by reactions with trityl chloride (NMR; crystal structures). The trityl salts allow the introduction of new, heteroleptic weakly coordinating [Cl-Al(OR(F))(3)](-) anions, for example, by hydride or alkyl abstraction reactions. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
33 CFR 157.12f - Workshop functional test requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12f Workshop functional test requirements. (a) Each oil content meter and each control section of a monitoring system must be subjected to a... protocol must be received with each unit delivered. (b) A functional test conducted on an oil content meter...
33 CFR 157.12f - Workshop functional test requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12f Workshop functional test requirements. (a) Each oil content meter and each control section of a monitoring system must be subjected to a... protocol must be received with each unit delivered. (b) A functional test conducted on an oil content meter...
33 CFR 157.12f - Workshop functional test requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... CARRYING OIL IN BULK Design, Equipment, and Installation § 157.12f Workshop functional test requirements. (a) Each oil content meter and each control section of a monitoring system must be subjected to a... protocol must be received with each unit delivered. (b) A functional test conducted on an oil content meter...
Effect of NaF, SnF(2), and TiF(4) Toothpastes on Bovine Enamel and Dentin Erosion-Abrasion In Vitro.

PubMed

Comar, Lívia Picchi; Gomes, Marina Franciscon; Ito, Naiana; Salomão, Priscila Aranda; Grizzo, Larissa Tercília; Magalhães, Ana Carolina

2012-01-01

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of toothpastes containing TiF(4), NaF, and SnF(2) on tooth erosion-abrasion. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were distributed into 10 groups (n = 12): experimental placebo toothpaste (no F); NaF (1450 ppm F); TiF(4) (1450 ppm F); SnF(2) (1450 ppm F); SnF(2) (1100 ppm F) + NaF (350 ppm F); TiF(4) (1100 ppm F) + NaF (350 ppm F); commercial toothpaste Pro-Health (SnF(2)-1100 ppm F + NaF-350 ppm F, Oral B); commercial toothpaste Crest (NaF-1.500 ppm F, Procter & Gamble); abrasion without toothpaste and only erosion. The erosion was performed 4 × 90 s/day (Sprite Zero). The toothpastes' slurries were applied and the specimens abraded using an electric toothbrush 2 × 15 s/day. Between the erosive and abrasive challenges, the specimens remained in artificial saliva. After 7 days, the tooth wear was evaluated using contact profilometry (μm). The experimental toothpastes with NaF, TiF(4), SnF(2), and Pro-Health showed a significant reduction in enamel wear (between 42% and 54%). Pro-Health also significantly reduced the dentin wear. The toothpastes with SnF(2)/NaF and TiF(4)/NaF showed the best results in the reduction of enamel wear (62-70%) as well as TiF(4), SnF(2), SnF(2)/NaF, and TiF(4)/NaF for dentin wear (64-79%) (P < 0.05). Therefore, the experimental toothpastes containing both conventional and metal fluoride seem to be promising in reducing tooth wear.
Use of MgF2 and LiF photocathodes in the extreme ultraviolet.

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lapson, L. B.; Timothy, J. G.

1973-01-01

The photoelectric yields of 2000-A thick samples of MgF2 and LiF have been measured at wavelengths in the range from 1216 to 461 A. Peak values of 43 and 34%, respectively, were obtained at wavelengths around 550 A at 45 deg incidence. Coating the cathode of a channel electron multiplier with 3000 A of MgF2 produced no significant deterioration in the electrical properties and increased the sensitivity by factors of 1.62, 2.76, and 2.60 at wavelengths of 742, 584, and 461 A, respectively. Since the stability of response of the MgF2 photocathodes appears to be equal to that of conventional metallic and semiconducting cathodes, it is concluded that MgF2 would be a practical, high-efficiency photocathode for use in the extreme ultraviolet.
Associations of Escherichia coli K-12 OmpF trimers with rough and smooth lipopolysaccharides

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Diedrich, D.L.; Stein, M.A.; Schnaitman, C.A.

1990-09-01

The associations of both rough and smooth lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with the OmpF porin of Escherichia coli K-12 were examined in galE strains deleted for ompC. Transformation with pSS37 and growth with galactose conferred the ability to assemble a Shigella dysenteriae O antigen onto the core oligosaccharide of E. coli K-12 LPS. The association of LPS with OmpF trimers was assessed by staining, autoradiography of LPS specifically labeled with (1-14C)galactose, and Western immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody specific for OmpF trimers. These techniques revealed that the migration distances and multiple banding patterns of OmpF porin trimers in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gelsmore » were dictated by the chemotype of associated LPS. Expression of smooth LPS caused almost all of the trimeric OmpF to run in gels with a slower mobility than trimers from rough strains. The LPS associated with trimers from a smooth strain differed from the bulk-phase LPS by consisting almost exclusively of molecules with O antigen.« less
Directionally solidified Eu doped CaF2/Li3AlF6 eutectic scintillator for neutron detection

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kamada, Kei; Hishinuma, Kousuke; Kurosawa, Shunsuke; Shoji, Yasuhiro; Pejchal, Jan; Ohashi, Yuji; Yokota, Yuui; Yoshikawa, Akira

2015-12-01

Eu doped CaF2/Li3AlF6 eutectics were grown by μ-PD method. The directionally solidified eutectic with well-aligned 600 nm diameter Eu:CaF2 scintillator fibers surrounded with Li3AlF6 was prepared. The grown eutectics showed an emission peak at 422 nm ascribed to Eu2+ 4f-5d transition from Eu:CaF2 scintillation fiber. Li concentration in the Eu:CaF2-Li3AlF6 eutectic is around 0.038 mol/cm3,which is two times higher than that of LiCaAlF6 single crystal (0.016 mol/cm3). The light yield of Eu:CaF2-Li3AlF6 eutectic was around 7000 ph/neutron. The decay time was about 550 ns (89%) and 1450 ns (11%).
Molecular Characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 12F Isolates Associated with Rural Community Outbreaks in Alaska

PubMed Central

Wenger, Jay D.; Rudolph, Karen; Robinson, D. Ashley; Rakov, Alexey V.; Bruden, Dana; Singleton, Rosalyn J.; Bruce, Michael G.; Hennessy, Thomas W.

2013-01-01

Outbreaks of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 12F were observed in two neighboring regions of rural Alaska in 2003 to 2006 and 2006 to 2008. IPD surveillance data from 1986 to 2009 and carriage survey data from 1998 to 2004 and 2008 to 2009 were reviewed to identify patterns of serotype 12F transmission. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed on all available isolates, and selected isolates were characterized by additional genetic subtyping methods. Serotype 12F IPD occurred in two waves in Alaska between 1986 and 2008. While cases of disease occurred nearly every year in Anchorage, in rural regions, 12F IPD occurred with rates 10- to 20-fold higher than those in Anchorage, often with many years between disease peaks and generally caused by a single predominant genetic clone. Carriage occurred predominantly in adults, except early in the rural outbreaks, when most carriage was in persons <18 years old. In rural regions, carriage of 12F disappeared completely after outbreaks. Different 12F clones appear to have been introduced episodically into rural populations, spread widely in young, immunologically naïve populations (leading to outbreaks of IPD lasting 1 to 3 years), and then disappeared rapidly from the population. Larger population centers might have been the reservoir for these clones. This epidemiologic pattern is consistent with a highly virulent, but immunogenic, form of pneumococcus. PMID:23408692
Angular dependent torque measurements on CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiao, H.; Gao, B.; Ma, Y. H.; Li, X. J.; Mu, G.; Hu, T.

2016-08-01

Out-of-plane angular dependent torque measurements were performed on CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF (Ca1 1 1 1) single crystals. In the normal state, the torque data shows \\sin 2θ angular dependence and H 2 magnetic field dependence, as a result of paramagnetism. In the mixed state, the torque signal is a combination of the vortex torque and paramagnetic torque, and the former allows the determination of the anisotropy parameter γ. At T = 11.5 K, γ (11.5 K ≃ 0.5 T c) = 19.1, which is similar to the result of SmFeAsO0.8F0.2, γ ≃ 23 at T≃ 0.4{{T}\\text{c}} . So the 11 1 1 is more anisotropic compared to 11 and 122 families of iron-based superconductors. This may suggest that the electronic coupling between layers in 1 1 1 1 is less effective than in 11 and 122 families.
Comparative quantitative trait locus mapping of maize flowering-related traits in an F2:3 and recombinant inbred line population.

PubMed

Liu, Y H; Yi, Q; Hou, X B; Zhang, X G; Zhang, J J; Liu, H M; Hu, Y F; Huang, Y B

2016-06-30

Flowering-related traits in maize are affected by complex factors and are important for the improvement of cropping systems in the maize zone. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) detected using different materials and methods usually vary. In the present study, 266 maize (Zea mays) F2:3 families and 301 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) derived from a cross between 08-641 (founding parent from southeast China) and Ye478 (founding parent from China) were evaluated for four flowering-related traits, including days to tasseling (DTT), days to pollen shedding (DPS), days to silking (DTS), and anthesis-silking interval. Sixty-six QTLs controlling the target traits were detected in the F2:3 and RIL populations via single environment analysis and joint analysis across all environments (JAAE). The QTLs explained 0.8-13.47% of the phenotypic variation, with 12 QTLs explaining more than 10%. The results of meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis indicated that 41 QTLs could be integrated into 14 MQTLs. One MQTL included 2.9 QTLs, ranging from two to ten QTLs for one to three traits. QTLs, including MQTL1-1 and MQTL9-1, were detected across the F2:3 and RIL populations via SAE and JAAE. Among the MQTLs, nine QTLs were integrated into MQTL9-1 and affected DTT, DPS, and DTS, with the favored allele being derived from 08-641. MQTL3-2 showed high phenotypic variation and was suitable for fine mapping to determine the genetic mechanisms of flowering. MQTL3-2 could be applied to improve inbred lines using marker-assisted selection.

12. Historic American Buildings Survey S.F. Chronicle Library, San Francisco ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

12. Historic American Buildings Survey S.F. Chronicle Library, San Francisco BUILT 1853 - '4 AFTER THE DISASTER OF 1906 - St. Mary's Church, 660 California Street, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA
Proton-induced degradation of VUV transmission of LiF and MgF2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Reft, C. S.; Becher, J.; Kernell, R. L.

1980-01-01

Proton-induced degradation of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) transmittance of LiF and MgF2 was measured for 85- and 600-MeV protons for a fluence up to 2.8 x 10 to the 13th p/sq cm. Transmittances were measured from 105 to 210 nm. When the irradiation level for a given material is expressed in terms of absorbed energy per unit of volume of crystal, 85- and 600-MeV protons produce the same degradation. MgF2 is substantially more radiation resistant than LiF in the VUV. Irradiation of LiF with 1.8 x 10 to the 13th p/sq cm at 85 MeV changed the transmittance of the hydrogen Ly-alpha line at 121.6 nm from 55 to 23%. The corresponding change for MgF2 was from 52 to 42% for 2.8 x 10 to the 13th p/sq cm.
Ab initio investigation of the ground and low-lying states of the diatomic fluorides TiF, VF, CrF, and MnF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koukounas, Constantine; Kardahakis, Stavros; Mavridis, Aristides

2004-06-01

The electronic structure of the ground and low-lying states of the diatomic fluorides TiF, VF, CrF, and MnF was examined by multireference and coupled cluster methods in conjunction with extended basis sets. For a total of 34 states we report binding energies, spectroscopic constants, dipole moments, separation energies, and charge distributions. In addition, for all states we have constructed full potential curves. The suggested ground state binding energies of TiF(X 4Φ), VF(X 5Π), CrF(X 6Σ+), and MnF(X 7Σ+) are 135, 130, 110, and 108 kcal/mol, respectively, with first excited states A 4Σ-, A 5Δ, A 6Π, and a 5Σ+ about 2, 3, 23, and 19 kcal/mol higher. In essence all our numerical findings are in harmony with experimental results. For all molecules and states studied it is clear that the in situ metal atom (M) shows highly ionic character, therefore the binding is described realistically by M+F-.
Ab initio investigation of the ground and low-lying states of the diatomic fluorides TiF, VF, CrF, and MnF.

PubMed

Koukounas, Constantine; Kardahakis, Stavros; Mavridis, Aristides

2004-06-22

The electronic structure of the ground and low-lying states of the diatomic fluorides TiF, VF, CrF, and MnF was examined by multireference and coupled cluster methods in conjunction with extended basis sets. For a total of 34 states we report binding energies, spectroscopic constants, dipole moments, separation energies, and charge distributions. In addition, for all states we have constructed full potential curves. The suggested ground state binding energies of TiF(X (4)Phi), VF(X (5)Pi), CrF(X (6)Sigma(+)), and MnF(X (7)Sigma(+)) are 135, 130, 110, and 108 kcal/mol, respectively, with first excited states A (4)Sigma(-), A (5)Delta, A (6)Pi, and a (5)Sigma(+) about 2, 3, 23, and 19 kcal/mol higher. In essence all our numerical findings are in harmony with experimental results. For all molecules and states studied it is clear that the in situ metal atom (M) shows highly ionic character, therefore the binding is described realistically by M(+)F(-). (c) 2004 American Institute of Physics.
Electron-spin-resonance studies of 12CH3F + , 13CH3F + , and 12CH2DF + in neon matrices at 4 K: Comparison with theoretical calculations

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Knight, Lon B., Jr.; Gregory, Brian W.; Hill, Devon W.; Arrington, C. A.; Momose, Takamasa; Shida, Tadamasa

1991-01-01

Various isotopic forms of the methyl fluoride cation 12CH3F+, 13CH3F+, and 12CH2DF+ have been generated by photoionization at 16.8 eV and separately by electron bombardment at 50 eV. The first electron-spin-resonance (ESR) results are reported for this radical cation which was isolated in neon matrices at 4 K. The measured A tensors or nuclear hyperfine parameters were compared with the results obtained from various computational approaches. Surprising observations were the large amounts of spin density on the methyl group, especially the hydrogen atoms, and the extreme differences in the deuterated spectra compared to the nondeuterated case. The presence of a single D atom apparently acts to prevent dynamic Jahn-Teller averaging which makes the methyl hydrogens equivalent on the ESR time scale. Such a dramatic Jahn-Teller effect has been previously observed for the similar methane cations CH+4 and CH2D+2. The magnetic parameters for CH2DF+ in neon at 4 K are gX=2.0032(5), gY=2.0106(8), and gZ=2.0120(5); for H: AX = 483(1), AY=476(1), and AZ=483(1) MHz; for D: ‖AX‖=5.0(3), ‖AY‖<3, and ‖AZ‖=7.1(3) MHz; for 19F : AX=965(1), AY=-130(2), and AZ=-166(1) MHz. For CH3F+, the g tensor and 19F A tensor were similar to those above but the H atoms were equivalent with values of AX=317(1), AY=323(2), and AZ=312 MHz.
Lineshape test on overlapped transitions (R9F1, R9F2) of the 2v3 band of 12CH4 by frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, L.; Lin, H.; Plimmer, M. D.; Feng, X. J.; Zhang, J. T.

2018-05-01

The performances of a multi-spectral fit for the spectra of pressure-broadened overlapping lines (R9F1, R9F2) of 12CH4 in binary mixtures with N2 were studied by applying different lineshape models, from the simplest Voigt profile (VP) to the Harmann-Tran profile (HTP). Line-mixing was approximated in the first order in the spectral fits. Data were acquired using a high-resolution cavity ring-down spectrometer of minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 2.8 × 10-12 cm-1. The lines were observed with a signal-to-noise ratio of 19 365 for pressures from 5 to 40 kPa. The study reveals that the multi-spectral fits using the HTP and the speed-dependent Nelkin-Ghatak profile (SDNGP) yield the best among all tested. The two models gave the maximum relative residuals of less than 0.065 %. All things considered, the HTP and the SDNGP appear to be the most reliable models for treating the present case of multi-spectral fitting of unresolved dual-component spectra.
Absolute infrared intensities for F-113 and F-114 and an assessment of their greenhouse warming potential relative to other chlorofluorocarbons

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rogers, Jerry D.; Stephens, Robert D.

1988-03-01

The literature concerning the "greenhouse" warming potentials of Chlorofluorocarbons F-11, F-12, F-22, F-113, F-114, F-134a, and F-142b is reviewed. Additionally, infrared intensities are reported for each of the fundamental absorption bands of F-113 (CF2ClCFCl2) and F-114 (CF2ClCF2Cl) in the region between 8 and 20 μm. The measurements were made with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer operated at 0.04 cm-1 apodized resolution. The total intensities measured for this region were 4905 cm-2 atm-1 for F-113 and 6064 cm-2 atm-1 for F-114, compared to a total intensity of 3404 cm-2 atm-1 for F-12 (CF2Cl2) in the same region. On the basis of these infrared intensities and the atmospheric lifetimes of F-113 and of F-114 relative to F-12, and on a per unit mass basis, F-113 and F-114 are about 0.8 and 1.9 times as effective, respectively, as F-12 in the "greenhouse" warming of the Earth.
Superconducting fluctuation effect in CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xiao, H.; Gao, B.; Ma, Y. H.; Li, X. J.; Mu, G.; Hu, T.

2016-11-01

Out-of-plane angular dependent torque measurements were performed on CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF single crystals. Superconducting fluctuations, featured by magnetic field enhanced and exponential temperature dependent diamagnetism, are observed above the superconducting transition temperature T c, which is similar to that of cuprate superconductors, but less pronounced. In addition, the ratio of T c versus superfluid density follows well the Uemura line of high-T c cuprates, which suggests the exotic nature of the superconductivity in CaFe0.88Co0.12AsF.
Optimization of 18 F-syntheses using 19 F-reagents at tracer-level concentrations and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry analysis: Improved synthesis of [18 F]MDL100907.

PubMed

Zhang, Xiang; Dunlow, Ryan; Blackman, Burchelle N; Swenson, Rolf E

2018-05-15

Traditional radiosynthetic optimization faces the challenges of high radiation exposure, cost, and inability to perform serial reactions due to tracer decay. To accelerate tracer development, we have developed a strategy to simulate radioactive 18 F-syntheses by using tracer-level (nanomolar) non-radioactive 19 F-reagents and LC-MS/MS analysis. The methodology was validated with fallypride synthesis under tracer-level 19 F-conditions, which showed reproducible and comparable results with radiosynthesis, and proved the feasibility of this process. Using this approach, the synthesis of [ 18 F]MDL100907 was optimized under 19 F-conditions with greatly improved yield. The best conditions were successfully transferred to radiosynthesis. A radiochemical yield of 19% to 22% was achieved with the radiochemical purity >99% and the molar activity 38.8 to 53.6 GBq/ μmol (n = 3). The tracer-level 19 F-approach provides a high-throughput and cost-effective process to optimize radiosynthesis with reduced radiation exposure. This new method allows medicinal and synthetic chemists to optimize radiolabeling conditions without the need to use radioactivity. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Automated synthesis of 4-[(18)F]fluoroanisole, [(18)F]DAA1106 and 4-[(18)F]FPhe using Cu-mediated radiofluorination under "minimalist" conditions.

PubMed

Zischler, Johannes; Krapf, Philipp; Richarz, Raphael; Zlatopolskiy, Boris D; Neumaier, Bernd

2016-09-01

The application of the "minimalist" approach to Cu-mediated radiofluorination allows the efficient preparation of (18)F-labeled arenes regardless of their electronic properties. The implementation of this methodology on a commercially available synthesis module (hotbox(three), Scintomics, Germany) enabled the automated production of 4-[(18)F]fluoroanisole as well as the clinically relevant PET-tracers, 4-[(18)F]FPhe and [(18)F]DAA1106, in radiochemical yields of 41-61% and radiochemical purities of >95% within 30-60min. These results demonstrated the high efficacy and versatility of the developed method that will open up opportunities for a broad application of Cu-mediated radiofluorination in PET-chemistry. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Investigations of electron attachment to the perfluorocarbon molecules c-C4F8, 2-C4F8, 1,3 C4F6, and c-C5F8

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Feil, Stefan; Märk, Tilmann D.; Mauracher, Andreas; Scheier, Paul; Mayhew, Chris A.

2008-11-01

Non-dissociative and dissociative electron attachment to a series of gas-phase perfluorocarbons (PFCs), namely octafluorocyclobutane, c-C4F8, octafluorobut-2-ene (perfluoro-2-butene), 2-C4F8, hexafluorobuta-1,3-diene (1,3 perfluorobutadiene), 1,3 C4F6, and octafluorocyclopentene (perfluorocyclopentene), c-C5F8, of importance to technological plasmas, have been investigated using two different, but complimentary, instruments available in Innsbruck over the electron energy range 0-20 eV. Anion yields as a function of electron energy have been recorded, with the positions and intensities of the electron attachment resonances being determined. One of these instruments is a double focusing sector field mass spectrometer (VG-ZAB-2SEQ), which has been used for measurements requiring high sensitivity and for obtaining accurate relative anion yields. It has also been used to determine the electron detachment lifetimes of the parent anions under various accelerating voltages, and these results are also presented. The second instrument (CELIA) is a trochoidal electron monochromator coupled to a quadrupole mass filter with a pulse counting system for detecting product anionic species. This provides a much higher energy resolution than the VG-ZAB, which makes it a better instrument to investigate narrow energy resonances close to 0 eV. The results of anion yields, peak positions and the relative intensities presented in this paper are compared with previous data of electron attachment to the above PFCs, including investigations by Professor Eugen Illenberger.
Vacuum ultraviolet thin films. I - Optical constants of BaF2, CaF2, LaF3, MgF2, Al2O3, HfO2, and SiO2 thin films. II - Vacuum ultraviolet all-dielectric narrowband filters

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Zukic, Muamer; Torr, Douglas G.; Spann, James F.; Torr, Marsha R.

1990-01-01

An iteration process matching calculated and measured reflectance and transmittance values in the 120-230 nm VUV region is presently used to ascertain the optical constants of bulk MgF2, as well as films of BaF2, CaF2, LaF3, MgF2, Al2O3, HfO2, and SiO2 deposited on MgF2 substrates. In the second part of this work, a design concept is demonstrated for two filters, employing rapidly changing extinction coefficients, centered at 135 nm for BaF2 and 141 nm for SiO2. These filters are shown to yield excellent narrowband spectral performance in combination with narrowband reflection filters.
Jahn-Teller effect on the [TiF 4F 4F int] 6-(C 4v) and [NiF 4F 4F int] 7-(C 4v) clusters embedded into SrF 2 crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ulanov, V. A.; Zhiteitcev, E. R.; Varlamov, A. G.

2007-07-01

By means of EPR method the associative [TiF 4F 4F int] 6-(C 4v) and [NiF 4F 4F int] 7-(C 4v) centers were revealed in the fluorite type SrF 2:Ti and SrF 2:Ni crystals grown by Bridgman method in helium atmosphere containing some amount of a fluorine gas. It was found that at low temperatures the local structures of these associative centers were exposed to a static rhombic distortion. The reasons of such distortions were accounted for by the assumption that the E ⊗ ( b1 + b2) vibronic interaction became effective due to that the ground orbital states of the [TiF 4F 4F int] 6-(C 4v) and [NiF 4F 4F int] 7-(C 4v) centers occurred to be doubly degenerated.
Phase behavior of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium fluorohydrogenate salts (C12MIm(FH)(n)F, n = 1.0-2.3) and their anisotropic ionic conductivity as ionic liquid crystal electrolytes.

PubMed

Xu, Fei; Matsumoto, Kazuhiko; Hagiwara, Rika

2012-08-23

The effects of the HF composition, n, in 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium fluorohydrogenate salts (C(12)MIm(FH)(n)F, n = 1.0-2.3) on their physicochemical and structural properties have been investigated using infrared spectroscopy, thermal analysis, polarized optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and anisotropic ionic conductivity measurements. The phase diagram of C(12)MIm(FH)(n)F (n vs transition temperature) suggests that C(12)MIm(FH)(n)F is a mixed crystal system that has a boundary around n = 1.9. For all compositions, a liquid crystalline mesophase with a smectic A interdigitated bilayer structure is observed. The temperature range of the mesophase decreases with increasing n value (from 61.8 °C for C(12)MIm(FH)(1.0)F to 37.0 °C for C(12)MIm(FH)(2.3)F). The layer spacing of the smectic structure decreases with increasing n value or increasing temperature. Two structural types with different layer spacings are observed in the crystalline phase (type I, 1.0 ≤ n ≤ 1.9, and type II, 1.9 ≤ n ≤ 2.3). Ionic conductivities parallel and perpendicular to the smectic layers (σ(||) and σ([perpendicular])) increase with increasing n value, whereas the anisotropy of the ionic conductivities (σ(||)/σ([perpendicular])) is independent of the n value, since the thickness of the insulating sheet formed by the dodecyl group remains nearly unchanged.
Thermodynamic assessment of the LiF-NaF-BeF2-ThF4-UF4 system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capelli, E.; Beneš, O.; Konings, R. J. M.

2014-06-01

The present study describes the full thermodynamic assessment of the LiF-NaF-BeF2-ThF4-UF4 system which is one of the key systems considered for a molten salt reactor fuel. The work is an extension of the previously assessed LiF-NaF-ThF4-UF4 system with addition of BeF2 which is characterized by very low neutron capture cross section and a relatively low melting point. To extend the database the binary BeF2-ThF4 and BeF2-UF4 systems were optimized and the novel data were used for the thermodynamic assessment of BeF2 containing ternary systems for which experimental data exist in the literature. The obtained database is used to optimize the molten salt reactor fuel composition and to assess its properties with the emphasis on the melting behaviour.
23. "GAFFTC 20 APR 60, H65A F106A; ESCAPE SYSTEM RUN ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

23. "G-AFFTC 20 APR 60, H-6-5A F-106A; ESCAPE SYSTEM RUN 5A." Testing the ejection system on a Convair sled. - Edwards Air Force Base, South Base Sled Track, Edwards Air Force Base, North of Avenue B, between 100th & 140th Streets East, Lancaster, Los Angeles County, CA
Hsc70 facilitates TGF-β-induced activation of Smad2/3 in fibroblastic NRK-49F cells

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ikezaki, Midori; Higashimoto, Natsuki; Matsumura, Ko

Heat-shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70), a molecular chaperone constitutively expressed in the cell, is involved in the regulation of several cellular signaling pathways. In this study, we found that TGF-β-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 were suppressed in fibroblastic NRK-49F cells treated with small interfering RNA (siRNA) for Hsc70. In the cells underexpressing Hsc70, transcriptional induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a target gene of the TGF-β signaling, was also suppressed in the early phase of TGF-β stimulation. Upon stimulation with TGF-β, Hsc70 interacted with Smad2/3, suggesting functional interactions of Hsc70 and Smad2/3 for the activation of TGF-β-inducedmore » Smad signaling. Although the expression of heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp70) was upregulated in the cells treated with Hsc70 siRNA, TGF-β-induced Smad activation was not affected in the cells overexpressing Hsp70. Collectively, these results indicate that Hsc70, but not Hsp70, supportively regulates TGF-β-induced Smad signaling in NRK-49F cells. - Highlights: • Hsc70 siRNA treatment suppressed the expression of Hsc70 but induced the expression of Hsp70 in NRK-49F cells. • Hsc70 siRNA treatment suppressed the activation of Smad2/3 in the cells treated with TGF-β. • Hsc70 interacted with Smad2/3 on stimulation with TGF-β in the cells. • Hsp70 did not influence the TGF-β-induced activation of Smad2/3 in the cells overexpressing Hsp70.« less
Linear-scaling explicitly correlated treatment of solids: periodic local MP2-F12 method.

PubMed

Usvyat, Denis

2013-11-21

Theory and implementation of the periodic local MP2-F12 method in the 3*A fixed-amplitude ansatz is presented. The method is formulated in the direct space, employing local representation for the occupied, virtual, and auxiliary orbitals in the form of Wannier functions (WFs), projected atomic orbitals (PAOs), and atom-centered Gaussian-type orbitals, respectively. Local approximations are introduced, restricting the list of the explicitly correlated pairs, as well as occupied, virtual, and auxiliary spaces in the strong orthogonality projector to the pair-specific domains on the basis of spatial proximity of respective orbitals. The 4-index two-electron integrals appearing in the formalism are approximated via the direct-space density fitting technique. In this procedure, the fitting orbital spaces are also restricted to local fit-domains surrounding the fitted densities. The formulation of the method and its implementation exploits the translational symmetry and the site-group symmetries of the WFs. Test calculations are performed on LiH crystal. The results show that the periodic LMP2-F12 method substantially accelerates basis set convergence of the total correlation energy, and even more so the correlation energy differences. The resulting energies are quite insensitive to the resolution-of-the-identity domain sizes and the quality of the auxiliary basis sets. The convergence with the orbital domain size is somewhat slower, but still acceptable. Moreover, inclusion of slightly more diffuse functions, than those usually used in the periodic calculations, improves the convergence of the LMP2-F12 correlation energy with respect to both the size of the PAO-domains and the quality of the orbital basis set. At the same time, the essentially diffuse atomic orbitals from standard molecular basis sets, commonly utilized in molecular MP2-F12 calculations, but problematic in the periodic context, are not necessary for LMP2-F12 treatment of crystals.
Effect of cryogenic temperature on spectroscopic and laser properties of Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 crystal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Švejkar, Richard; Šulc, Jan; Němec, Michal; Jelínková, Helena; Doroshenko, Maxim E.; Nakladov, Andrei N.; Osiko, Vjatcheslav V.

2016-03-01

The laser and spectroscopic properties of crystal Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 at temperature range 80 - 300 K, which is appropriate for generation of radiation around 2.7 um is presented. The sample of Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 (concentration Er(0.04), La(0.12):Ca(0.77)Sr(0.07)) had plan-parallel face-polished faces without anti-reflection coatings (thickness 8.2 mm). During spectroscopy and laser experiments the Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 was attached to temperature controlled copper holder and it was placed in vacuum chamber. The transmission and emission spectra of Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 together with the fluorescence decay time were measured in dependence on temperature. The excitation of Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 was carried out by a laser diode radiation (pulse duration 5 ms, repetition rate 20 Hz, pump wavelength 973 nm). Laser resonator was hemispherical, 140 mm in length with at pumping mirror (HR @ 2.7 µm) and spherical output coupler (r = 150 mm, R = 95 % @ 2.5 - 2.8 µm). Tunability of laser at 80 K in range 2690 - 2765 nm was obtained using MgF2 birefringent filter. With decreasing temperature of sample the fluorescence lifetime of manifold 4I11/2 (upper laser level) became shorter and intensity of up-conversion radiation was increasing. The highest slope efficiency with respect to absorbed power was 2.3 % at 80 K. The maximum output of peak amplitude power was 0.3 W at 80 K, i.e. 1.5 times higher than measured this value at 300 K. The wavelength generated by Er,La:SrF2-CaF2 laser (2.7 µm) is relatively close to absorption peak of water (3 µm) and so, one of the possible usage should be in medicine and spectroscopy.
TMSOTf assisted synthesis of 2’-deoxy-2’-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine ([18F]FAC)

PubMed Central

Humm, John L.; Larson, Steven M.; Pillarsetty, Naga Vara Kishore

2018-01-01

[18F]FAC (2’-deoxy-2’-[18F]fluoro-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, 1) is a versatile probe for imaging deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) expression levels in vivo. dCK is responsible for phosphorylation of deoxycytidine (dC, 2) and other nucleoside analogs, plays a key role in immune activation and has demonstrated to be one of the key enzymes in activating nucleoside based drugs including gemcitabine. Reported synthesis of [18F]FAC is high yielding but is quite challenging requiring bromination using HBr and careful drying of excess HBr which is critical for successful synthesis. Here in we report a simplified trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf) assisted synthesis of [18F]FAC eliminating the need of bromination and drying. [18F]FAC (β-anomer) was synthesized with average isolated decay corrected yield of 10.59 + 4.2% (n = 6) with radiochemical purity of >98% and total synthesis time of 158 + 19 min. PMID:29715301

Preliminary flight test results of the F100 EMD engine in an F-15 airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Myers, L. P.; Burcham, F. W., Jr.

1984-01-01

A flight evaluation of the F100 Engine Model Derivative (EMD) is conducted. The F100 EMD is an advanced version of the F100 engine that powers the F15 and F16 airplanes. The F100 EMD features a bigger fan, higher temperature turbine, a Digital Electronic Engine Control system (DEEC), and a newly designed 16 segment afterburner, all of which results in a 15 to 20 percent increase in sea level thrust. The flight evaluations consist of investigation of performance (thrust, fuel flow, and airflow) and operability (transient response and airstart) in the F-15 airplane. The performance of the F100 EMD is excellent. Aircraft acceleration time to Mach 2.0 is reduced by 23 percent with two F100 EMD engines. Several anomalies are discovered in the operability evaluations. A software change to the DEEC improved the throttle, and subsequent Cooper Harper ratings of 3 to 4 are obtained. In the extreme upper left hand corner of the flight enveloped, compressor stalls occurr when the throttle is retarded to idle power. These stalls are not predicted by altitude facility tests or stability for the compressor.
Improved synthesis of [(18)F]FLETT via a fully automated vacuum distillation method for [(18)F]2-fluoroethyl azide purification.

PubMed

Ackermann, Uwe; Plougastel, Lucie; Goh, Yit Wooi; Yeoh, Shinn Dee; Scott, Andrew M

2014-12-01

The synthesis of [(18)F]2-fluoroethyl azide and its subsequent click reaction with 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU) to form [(18)F]FLETT was performed using an iPhase FlexLab module. The implementation of a vacuum distillation method afforded [(18)F]2-fluoroethyl azide in 87±5.3% radiochemical yield. The use of Cu(CH3CN)4PF6 and TBTA as catalyst enabled us to fully automate the [(18)F]FLETT synthesis without the need for the operator to enter the radiation field. [(18)F]FLETT was produced in higher overall yield (41.3±6.5%) and shorter synthesis time (67min) than with our previously reported manual method (32.5±2.5% in 130min). Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of (±)-amathaspiramide F and discovery of an unusual stereocontrolling element for the [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement.

PubMed

Soheili, Arash; Tambar, Uttam K

2013-10-04

A formal total synthesis of (±)-amathaspiramide F through a tandem palladium-catalyzed allylic amination/[2,3]-Stevens rearrangement is reported. The unexpected diastereoselectivity of the [2,3]-Stevens rearrangement was controlled by the substitution patterns of an aromatic ring. This discovery represents a new stereocontrolling element for [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangements in complex molecular settings.
NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5}: Assignment of {sup 19}F NMR resonances and chemical bond analysis from GIPAW calculations

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Biswal, Mamata, E-mail: Mamata.Biswal-Susanta_Kumar_Nayak.Etu@univ-lemans.fr; Body, Monique, E-mail: monique.body@univ-lemans.fr; Legein, Christophe, E-mail: christophe.legein@univ-lemans.fr

2013-11-15

The {sup 19}F isotropic chemical shifts (δ{sub iso}) of two isomorphic compounds, NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5}, which involve six nonequivalent fluorine sites, have been experimentally determined from the reconstruction of 1D {sup 19}F MAS NMR spectra. In parallel, the corresponding {sup 19}F chemical shielding tensors have been calculated using the GIPAW method for both experimental and DFT-optimized structures. Furthermore, the [M{sub 4}F{sub 20}] units of NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5} being held together by van der Waals interactions, the relevance of Grimme corrections to the DFT optimization processes has been evaluated. However, the semi-empirical dispersion correction term introduced bymore » such a method does not show any significant improvement. Nonetheless, a complete and convincing assignment of the {sup 19}F NMR lines of NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5} is obtained, ensured by the linearity between experimental {sup 19}F δ{sub iso} values and calculated {sup 19}F isotropic chemical shielding σ{sub iso} values. The effects of the geometry optimizations have been carefully analyzed, confirming among other matters, the inaccuracy of the experimental structure of NbF{sub 5}. The relationships between the fluorine chemical shifts, the nature of the fluorine atoms (bridging or terminal), the position of the terminal ones (opposite or perpendicular to the bridging ones), the fluorine charges, the ionicity and the length of the M–F bonds have been established. Additionally, for three of the {sup 19}F NMR lines of NbF{sub 5}, distorted multiplets, arising from {sup 1}J-coupling and residual dipolar coupling between the {sup 19}F and {sup 93}Nb nuclei, were simulated yielding to values of {sup 93}Nb–{sup 19}F {sup 1}J-coupling for the corresponding fluorine sites. - Graphical abstract: The complete assignment of the {sup 19}F NMR lines of NbF{sub 5} and TaF{sub 5} allow establishing relationships between the {sup 19}F δ{sub iso} values, the nature of the fluorine
18F-Fluoride and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography After Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Ischemic Stroke

PubMed Central

Jenkins, William S. A.; Irkle, Agnese; Moss, Alastair; Sng, Greg; Forsythe, Rachael O.; Clark, Tim; Roberts, Gemma; Fletcher, Alison; Lucatelli, Christophe; Rudd, James H. F.; Davenport, Anthony P.; Mills, Nicholas L.; Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam; Dennis, Martin; Whiteley, William N.; van Beek, Edwin J. R.; Dweck, Marc R.; Newby, David E.

2017-01-01

Background— Combined positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) can assess both anatomy and biology of carotid atherosclerosis. We sought to assess whether 18F-fluoride or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose can identify culprit and high-risk carotid plaque. Methods and Results— We performed 18F-fluoride and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in 26 patients after recent transient ischemic attack or minor ischemic stroke: 18 patients with culprit carotid stenosis awaiting carotid endarterectomy and 8 controls without culprit carotid atheroma. We compared standardized uptake values in the clinically adjudicated culprit to the contralateral asymptomatic artery, and assessed the relationship between radiotracer uptake and plaque phenotype or predicted cardiovascular risk (ASSIGN score [Assessing Cardiovascular Risk Using SIGN Guidelines to Assign Preventive Treatment]). We also performed micro PET/CT and histological analysis of excised plaque. On histological and micro PET/CT analysis, 18F-fluoride selectively highlighted microcalcification. Carotid 18F-fluoride uptake was increased in clinically adjudicated culprit plaques compared with asymptomatic contralateral plaques (log10standardized uptake valuemean 0.29±0.10 versus 0.23±0.11, P=0.001) and compared with control patients (log10standardized uptake valuemean 0.29±0.10 versus 0.12±0.11, P=0.001). 18F-Fluoride uptake correlated with high-risk plaque features (remodeling index [r=0.53, P=0.003], plaque burden [r=0.51, P=0.004]), and predicted cardiovascular risk [r=0.65, P=0.002]). Carotid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake appeared to be increased in 7 of 16 culprit plaques, but no overall differences in uptake were observed in culprit versus contralateral plaques or control patients. However, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose did correlate with predicted cardiovascular risk (r=0.53, P=0.019), but not with plaque phenotype. Conclusions— 18F-Fluoride PET/CT highlights culprit and phenotypically high-risk carotid plaque
Energy-transfer processes in Yb:Tm-doped KY3F10, LiYF4, and BaY2F8 single crystals for laser operation at 1.5 and 2.3 μm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Braud, A.; Girard, S.; Doualan, J. L.; Thuau, M.; Moncorgé, R.; Tkachuk, A. M.

2000-02-01

Energy-transfer processes have been quantitatively studied in various Tm:Yb-doped fluoride crystals. A comparison between the three host crystals which have been examined (KY3F10, LiYF4, and BaY2F8) shows clearly that the efficiency of the Yb-->Tm energy transfers is larger in KY3F10 than in LiYF4 or BaY2F8. The dependence of the energy-transfer parameters upon the codopant concentrations has been experimentally measured and compared with the results calculated on the basis of migration-assisted energy-transfer models. Using these energy-transfer parameters and a rate equation model, we have performed a theoretical calculation of the laser thresholds for the 3H4-->3F4 and 3H4-->3H5 laser transitions of the Tm ion around 1.5 and 2.3 μm, respectively. Laser experiments performed at 1.5 μm in Yb:Tm:LiYF4 then led to laser threshold values in good agreement with those derived theoretically. Based on these results, optimized values for the Yb and Tm dopant concentrations for typical values of laser cavity and pump modes were finally derived to minimize the threshold pump powers for the laser transitions around 1.5 and 2.3 μm.
17 CFR 240.12f-4 - Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. 240.12f-4 Section 240.12f-4 Commodity... Trading § 240.12f-4 Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. (a) Any security for which unlisted trading privileges on any national securities exchange...
17 CFR 240.12f-4 - Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. 240.12f-4 Section 240.12f-4 Commodity... Trading § 240.12f-4 Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. (a) Any security for which unlisted trading privileges on any national securities exchange...
17 CFR 240.12f-4 - Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. 240.12f-4 Section 240.12f-4 Commodity... Trading § 240.12f-4 Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. (a) Any security for which unlisted trading privileges on any national securities exchange...
17 CFR 240.12f-4 - Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. 240.12f-4 Section 240.12f-4 Commodity... Trading § 240.12f-4 Exemption of securities admitted to unlisted trading privileges from sections 13, 14 and 16. (a) Any security for which unlisted trading privileges on any national securities exchange...
Automated radiosynthesis of no-carrier-added 4-[18F]fluoroiodobenzene: a versatile building block in 18F radiochemistry.

PubMed

Way, Jenilee Dawn; Wuest, Frank

2014-02-01

4-[18F]Fluoroiodobenzene ([18F]FIB) is a versatile building block in 18F radiochemistry used in various transition metal-mediated C-C and C-N cross-coupling reactions and [18F]fluoroarylation reactions. Various synthesis routes have been described for the preparation of [18F]FIB. However, to date, no automated synthesis of [18F]FIB has been reported to allow access to larger amounts of [18F]FIB in high radiochemical and chemical purity. Herein, we describe an automated synthesis of no-carrier-added [18F]FIB on a GE TRACERlab™ FX automated synthesis unit starting from commercially available(4-iodophenyl)diphenylsulfonium triflate as the labelling precursor. [18F]FIB was prepared in high radiochemical yields of 89 ± 10% (decay-corrected, n = 7) within 60 min, including HPLC purification. The radiochemical purity exceeded 95%, and specific activity was greater than 40 GBq/μmol. Typically, from an experiment, 6.4 GBq of [18F]FIB could be obtained starting from 10.4 GBq of [18F]fluoride.
Frequency measurement of the 5 S{1}/{2}(F = 3)-5 D{5}/{2}(F = 5) two-photon transition in rubidium

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Touahri, D.; Acef, O.; Clairon, A.; Zondy, J.-J.; Felder, R.; Hilico, L.; de Beauvoir, B.; Biraben, F.; Nez, F.

1997-02-01

We have measured the frequencies of three diode lasers stabilized on the 5 S{1}/{2}(F = 3)-5 D{5}/{2}(F = 5) two-photon transition in rubidium at λ = 778.1 nm, with an uncertainty of 1 kHz, using BNM-LPTF frequency synthesis chain starting from a {CO 2}/{OsO 4} reference laser at 10.3 μm. We show that this frequency chain is able to reach the 10 -13 resolution level. After a discussion of the systematic effects that may shift the resonance, the transition frequency is found to be ν = 385 285 142 378.280 ± 2 kHz.
First experience with early dynamic (18)F-NaF-PET/CT in patients with chronic osteomyelitis.

PubMed

Freesmeyer, Martin; Stecker, Franz F; Schierz, Jan-Henning; Hofmann, Gunther O; Winkens, Thomas

2014-05-01

This study investigates whether early dynamic positron emission tomography/computed tomography (edPET/CT) using (18)F-sodium fluoride-((18)F-NaF) is feasible in depicting early phases of radiotracer distribution in patients with chronic osteomyelitis (COM). A total of 12 ed(18)F-NaF-PET/CT examinations were performed on 11 consecutive patients (2 female, 9 male; age 53 ± 12 years) in list mode over 5 min starting with radiopharmaceutical injection before standard late (18)F-NaF-PET/CT. Eight consecutive time intervals (frames) were reconstructed for each patient: four 15 s, then four 60 s. Several volumes of interest (VOI) were selected, representing the affected area as well as different reference areas within the bone and soft tissue. Maximum and mean ed standardized uptake values (edSUVmax, edSUVmean, respectively) were calculated in each VOI during each frame to measure early fluoride influx and accumulation. Results were compared between affected and non-affected (contralateral) bones. Starting in the 31-45 s frame, the affected bone area showed significantly higher edSUVmax and edSUVmean compared to the healthy contralateral region. The affected bone areas also significantly differed from non-affected contralateral regions in conventional late (18)F-NaF-PET/CT. This pilot study suggests that, in patients with COM, ed(18)F-NaF -PET offers additional information about early radiotracer distribution to standard (18)F-NaF -PET/CT, similar to a three-phase bone scan. The results should be validated in larger trials which directly compare ed(18)F-NaF-PET to a three-phase bone scan.
Concurrent fNIRS-fMRI measurement to validate a method for separating deep and shallow fNIRS signals by using multidistance optodes

PubMed Central

Funane, Tsukasa; Sato, Hiroki; Yahata, Noriaki; Takizawa, Ryu; Nishimura, Yukika; Kinoshita, Akihide; Katura, Takusige; Atsumori, Hirokazu; Fukuda, Masato; Kasai, Kiyoto; Koizumi, Hideaki; Kiguchi, Masashi

2015-01-01

Abstract. It has been reported that a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal can be contaminated by extracerebral contributions. Many algorithms using multidistance separations to address this issue have been proposed, but their spatial separation performance has rarely been validated with simultaneous measurements of fNIRS and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We previously proposed a method for discriminating between deep and shallow contributions in fNIRS signals, referred to as the multidistance independent component analysis (MD-ICA) method. In this study, to validate the MD-ICA method from the spatial aspect, multidistance fNIRS, fMRI, and laser-Doppler-flowmetry signals were simultaneously obtained for 12 healthy adult males during three tasks. The fNIRS signal was separated into deep and shallow signals by using the MD-ICA method, and the correlation between the waveforms of the separated fNIRS signals and the gray matter blood oxygenation level–dependent signals was analyzed. A three-way analysis of variance (signal depth×Hb kind×task) indicated that the main effect of fNIRS signal depth on the correlation is significant [F(1,1286)=5.34, p<0.05]. This result indicates that the MD-ICA method successfully separates fNIRS signals into spatially deep and shallow signals, and the accuracy and reliability of the fNIRS signal will be improved with the method. PMID:26157983
Recombination and genetic variance among maize doubled haploids induced from F1 and F2 plants.

PubMed

Sleper, Joshua A; Bernardo, Rex

2016-12-01

Inducing maize doubled haploids from F 2 plants (DHF2) instead of F 1 plants (DHF1) led to more recombination events. However, the best DHF2 lines did not outperform the best DHF1 lines. Maize (Zea mays L.) breeders rely on doubled haploid (DH) technology for fast and efficient production of inbreds. Breeders can induce DH lines most quickly from F 1 plants (DHF1), or induce DH lines from F 2 plants (DHF2) to allow selection prior to DH induction and have more recombinations. Our objective was to determine if the additional recombinations in maize DHF2 lines lead to a larger genetic variance and a superior mean of the best lines. A total of 311 DHF1 and 241 DHF2 lines, derived from the same biparental cross, were crossed to two testers and evaluated in multilocation trials in Europe and the US. The mean number of recombinations per genome was 14.48 among the DHF1 lines and 21.38 among the DHF1 lines. The means of the DHF1 and DHF2 lines did not differ for yield, moisture, and plant height. The genetic variance was higher among DHF2 lines than among DHF1 lines for moisture, but not for yield and plant height. The ratio of repulsion to coupling linkages, which was estimated from genomewide marker effects, was higher among DHF1 lines than among DHF2 lines for moisture, but not for yield and plant height. The higher genetic variance for moisture among DHF2 lines did not lead to lower moisture of the best 10 % of the lines. Our results indicated that the decision of inducing DH lines from F 1 or F 2 plants needs to be made from considerations other than the performance of the resulting DHF1 or DHF2 lines.
111. JOB NO. 1347F, SHEET 12, 1927/1929, ASSEMBLY BUILDING; FORD ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

111. JOB NO. 1347-F, SHEET 12, 1927/1929, ASSEMBLY BUILDING; FORD MOTOR COMPANY; WAREHOUSE DETAILS - Ford Motor Company Long Beach Assembly Plant, Assembly Building, 700 Henry Ford Avenue, Long Beach, Los Angeles County, CA
Syntheses, Raman spectra, and X-ray crystal structures of [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)] and [M][OsO(3)F(3)] (M = XeF(5)(+), Xe(2)F(11)(+)).

PubMed

Hughes, Michael J; Mercier, Hélène P A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2010-04-05

Stoichiometric amounts of XeF(6) and (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity) react at 25-50 degrees C to form salts of the known XeF(5)(+) and Xe(2)F(11)(+) cations, namely, [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)], [XeF(5)][OsO(3)F(3)], and [Xe(2)F(11)][OsO(3)F(3)]. Although XeF(6) is oxophilic toward a number of transition metal and main-group oxides and oxide fluorides, fluoride/oxide metathesis was not observed. The series provides the first examples of noble-gas cations that are stabilized by metal oxide fluoride anions and the first example of a mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)(-) salt. Both [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)] and [Xe(2)F(11)][OsO(3)F(3)] are orange solids at room temperature. The [XeF(5)][OsO(3)F(3)] salt is an orange liquid at room temperature that solidifies at 5-0 degrees C. When the salts are heated at 50 degrees C under 1 atm of N(2) for more than 2 h, significant XeF(6) loss occurs. The X-ray crystal structures (-173 degrees C) show that the salts exist as discrete ion pairs and that the osmium coordination spheres in OsO(3)F(3)(-) and mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)(-) are pseudo-octahedral OsO(3)F(3)-units having facial arrangements of oxygen and fluorine atoms. The mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)(-) anion is comprised of two symmetry-related OsO(3)F(2)-groups that are fluorine-bridged to one another. Ion pairing results from secondary bonding interactions between the fluorine/oxygen atoms of the anions and the xenon atom of the cation, with the Xe...F/O contacts occurring opposite the axial fluorine and from beneath the equatorial XeF(4)-planes of the XeF(5)(+) and Xe(2)F(11)(+) cations so as to avoid the free valence electron lone pairs of the xenon atoms. The xenon atoms of [XeF(5)][mu-F(OsO(3)F(2))(2)] and [Xe(2)F(11)][OsO(3)F(3)] are nine-coordinate and the xenon atom of [XeF(5)][OsO(3)F(3)] is eight-coordinate. Quantum-chemical calculations at SVWN and B3LYP levels of theory were used to obtain the gas-phase geometries, vibrational frequencies, and NBO bond orders, valencies, and NPA charges of
Signature of a possible relationship between the maximum CME speed index and the critical frequencies of the F1 and F2 ionospheric layers: Data analysis for a mid-latitude ionospheric station during the solar cycles 23 and 24

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kilcik, Ali; Ozguc, Atila; Yiǧit, Erdal; Yurchyshyn, Vasyl; Donmez, Burcin

2018-06-01

We analyze temporal variations of two solar indices, the monthly mean Maximum CME Speed Index (MCMESI) and the International Sunspot Number (ISSN) as well as the monthly median ionospheric critical frequencies (foF1, and foF2) for the time period of 1996-2013, which covers the entire solar cycle 23 and the ascending branch of the cycle 24. We found that the maximum of foF1 and foF2 occurred respectively during the first and second maximum of the ISSN solar activity index in the solar cycle 23. We compared these data sets by using the cross-correlation and hysteresis analysis and found that both foF1 and foF2 show higher correlation with ISSN than the MCMESI during the investigated time period, but when significance levels are considered correlation coefficients between the same indices become comparable. Cross-correlation analysis showed that the agreement between these data sets (solar indices and ionospheric critical frequencies) is better pronounced during the ascending phases of solar cycles, while they display significant deviations during the descending phase. We conclude that there exists a signature of a possible relationship between MCMESI and foF1 and foF2, which means that MCMESI could be used as a possible indicator of solar and geomagnetic activity, even though other investigations are needed.
Atmospheric chemistry of C 2F 5CHO: reaction with Cl atoms and OH radicals, IR spectrum of C 2F 5C(O)O 2NO 2

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sulbaek Andersen, M. P.; Hurley, M. D.; Wallington, T. J.; Ball, J. C.; Martin, J. W.; Ellis, D. A.; Mabury, S. A.; Nielsen, O. J.

2003-09-01

Smog chamber/FTIR techniques were used to measure k(Cl + C 2F 5CHO)=(1.96 ± 0.28) × 10 -12 and k(OH + C 2F 5CHO)=(5.26 ± 0.80) × 10 -13 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 in 700 Torr of N 2 or air at 296 ± 2 K. The Cl initiated oxidation of C 2F 5CHO in the presence of NO in air diluent gave COF 2, CF 3ONO 2, and C 2F 5C(O)O 2NO 2 in molar yields of 180 ± 19%, 6.1 ± 0.6%, and 1.0 ± 0.3%, respectively. The IR spectrum for C 2F 5C(O)O 2NO 2 is reported. Results are discussed with respect to the potential for the atmospheric degradation of fluorinated aldehydes, C nF 2 n+1 CHO, to contribute to the observed environmental burden of fluorinated carboxylic acids, C nF 2 n+1 C(O)OH.
(18)F-Fluoroglucosylation of peptides, exemplified on cyclo(RGDfK).

PubMed

Hultsch, Christina; Schottelius, Margret; Auernheimer, Jörg; Alke, Andrea; Wester, Hans-Jürgen

2009-09-01

Oxime formation between an aminooxy-functionalized peptide and an (18)F-labelled aldehyde has recently been introduced as a powerful method for the rapid one-step chemoselective synthesis of radiofluorinated peptides. Here, the potential of using routinely produced and thus readily available [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([(18)F]FDG) as the aldehydic prosthetic group was investigated using an aminooxyacetyl-conjugated cyclic RGD peptide (cyclo(RGDfK(Aoa-(Boc)) as a model peptide. The use of [(18)F]FDG from routine production ([(18)F]FDGTUM) containing an excess of D: -glucose did not allow the radiosynthesis of [(18)F]FDG-RGD in activities >37 MBq in reasonable yield, rendering the direct use of clinical grade [(18)F]FDG for the routine clinical synthesis of (18)F-labelled peptides impossible. Using no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) [(18)F]FDG obtained via HPLC separation of [(18)F]FDGTUM from excess glucose, however, afforded [(18)F]FDG-RGD in yields of 56-93% (decay corrected) and activities up to 37 MBq. Suitable reaction conditions were 20 min at 120 degrees C and pH 2.5, and a peptide concentration of 5 mM. In a preliminary in vivo biodistribution study in M21 melanoma-bearing nude mice, [(18)F]FDG-RGD showed increased tumour accumulation compared to the "gold standard" [(18)F]galacto-RGD (2.18 vs 1.49 %iD/g, respectively, at 120 min after injection), but also slightly increased uptake in non-target organs, leading to comparable tumour/organ ratios for both compounds. These data demonstrate that chemoselective (18)F-labelling of aminooxy-functionalized peptides using n.c.a. [(18)F]FDG represents a radiofluorination/glycosylation strategy that allows preparation of (18)F-labelled peptides in high yield with suitable pharmacokinetics. As soon as the necessary n.c.a. preparation of [(18)F]FDG prior to reaction with the Aoa-peptide can be implemented in a fully automated [(18)F]FDG-synthesis, [(18)F]fluoroglucosylation of peptides may represent a promising alternative to

Variation of hmF2 and NmF2 deduced from DPS-4 over Multan (Pakistan) and their comparisons with IRI-2012 & IRI-2016 during the deep solar minimum between cycles 23 & 24

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ameen, Muhammad Ayyaz; Khursheed, Haqqa; Jabbar, Mehak Abdul; Ali, Muneeza Salman; Chishtie, Farrukh

2018-04-01

We report the results of ionospheric measurements from DPS-4 installed at Multan (Geog coord. 30.18°N, 71.48°E, dip 47.4°). The variations in F2-layer maximum electron density NmF2 and its peak height hmF2 are studied during the deep solar minimum between cycles 23 & 24 i.e 2008-2009 with comparisons conducted with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) versions 2012 & 2016. We find that the hmF2 observations peak around the pre-sunrise and sunrise hours depending on the month. Seasonally, the daytime variation of NmF2 is higher in the Equinox and Summer, while daytime hmF2 are slightly higher in the Equinox and Winter. High values of hmF2 around midnight are caused by an increase of upward drifts produced by meridional winds. The ionosphere over Multan, which lies at the verge of low and mid latitude, is affected by both E × B drifts and thermospheric winds as evident from mid-night peaks and near-sunrise dips in hmF2. The results of the comparison of the observed NmF2 and hmF2 for the year 2008-2009 with the IRI-2012 (both NmF2 and hmF2) and IRI-2016 (only hmF2) estimates indicate that for NmF2, IRI-2012 with Consultative Committee International Radio (CCIR) option produces values in better agreement with observed data. Whereas, for hmF2, IRI-2016 with both International Union of Radio Science (URSI) and CCIR SHU-2015 options, predicts well for nighttime hours throughout the year. However, the IRI-2012 with CCIR option produces better agreement with data during daytime hours. Furthermore, IRI-2012 with CCIR option gives better results during Equinox months, whereas, IRI-2016 with both URSI and CCIR SHU-2015 options predict well for Winter and Summer.
Thermodynamic assessment of the LiF-ThF4-PuF3-UF4 system

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Capelli, E.; Beneš, O.; Konings, R. J. M.

2015-07-01

The LiF-ThF4-PuF3-UF4 system is the reference salt mixture considered for the Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) concept started with PuF3. In order to obtain the complete thermodynamic description of this quaternary system, two binary systems (ThF4-PuF3 and UF4-PuF3) and two ternary systems (LiF-ThF4-PuF3 and LiF-UF4-PuF3) have been assessed for the first time. The similarities between CeF3/PuF3 and ThF4/UF4 compounds have been taken into account for the presented optimization as well as in the experimental measurements performed, which have confirmed the temperatures predicted by the model. Moreover, the experimental results and the thermodynamic database developed have been used to identify potential compositions for the MSFR fuel and to evaluate the influence of partial substitution of ThF4 by UF4 in the salt.
The phase transition of Pb8F14I2.

PubMed

Weil, Matthias

2017-01-01

The reversible phase transition of Pb 8 F 14 I 2 is of continuous type and takes place at about 107 °C as monitored by temperature-dependent single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction measurements, optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The low-temperature ferroelastic phase crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system (23 °C, Bmmb , Z = 2, a = 6.0699(6) Å, b = 6.0165(6) Å, c = 25.077(2) Å, 1487 structure factors, 41 parameter, R ( F 2 ) = 0.0346, wR ( F 2 ) = 0.0771) and changes its symmetry to the tetragonal crystal system into the high-temperature paraelastic phase (130 °C, I 4/ mmm , Z = 1, a = 4.2667(12) Å, c = 25.388(7) Å, 430 structure factors, 303 parameter, R ( F 2 ) = 0.0575, wR ( F 2 ) = 0.1564). Group-subgroup relationships between the two structures and a hypothetical intermediate structure are presented.
TiF(4) varnish-A (19)F-NMR stability study and enamel reactivity evaluation.

PubMed

Nóbrega, Carolina Bezerra Cavalcanti; Fujiwara, Fred Yukio; Cury, Jaime Aparecido; Rosalen, Pedro Luiz

2008-01-01

The aim of this study was to develop a titanium tetrafluoride (TiF(4)) varnish and evaluate the stability of the formulation and its reactivity with dental enamel. The varnish was prepared in a resinous matrix using ethanol 96% as solvent. Samples (n=45) were aged at 65 degrees C and 30% of relativity humidity (RE n degrees 01/05-ANVISA) and after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, nine samples were removed for evaluation and compared with fresh samples. Chemical stability of TiF(4) varnish was determinate by (19)F-NMR and the reactivity of the formulation was quantified by formation of fluoride loosely (CaF(2)) and firmly bound (fluorapatite; FA) to enamel. For reactivity comparisons, a varnish without TiF(4) was used as control. The loss of soluble fluoride was about 0.9% after one year of storage. The values of the reactivity (mean+/-S.D.) of fresh, aged at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months and control samples were: CaF(2) (microg F/mm(2)): 89.3+/-27.5(a); 54.5+/-14.3(b); 51.2+/-29.8(b); 69.3+/-21.3(a); 48.0+/-27.4(b); 0.10+/-0.07(c), FA (microg F/g): 2477.5+/-1044.0(a); 2484.8+/-992.0(a); 2580.0+/-1383.9(a); 2517.2+/-929.9(a); 2121.0+/-1059.2(a); 330.0+/-180.0(b), respectively. Means followed by distinct letters were statistically different (p<0.05). After one year of storage, the formulation was chemically stable and the levels of FA were maintained. However there was an initial decrease in the ability to form CaF(2).
Inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT Activity Equally Enhances Radiation Sensitization in B16F10 Cells

PubMed Central

Kalal, Bhuvanesh Sukhlal; Fathima, Faraz; Pai, Vinitha Ramanath; Sanjeev, Ganesh; Krishna, Chilakapati Murali; Upadhya, Dinesh

2018-01-01

Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiation sensitizing ability of ERK1/2, PI3K-AKT and JNK inhibitors in highly radiation resistant and metastatic B16F10 cells which carry wild-type Ras and Braf. Methods Mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 was exposed to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam radiation. Phosphorylated ERK1/2, AKT and JNK levels were estimated by ELISA. Cells were exposed to 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of radiation with or without prior pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2, AKT as well as JNK pathways. Cell death induced by radiation as well as upon inhibition of these pathways was measured by TUNEL assay using flow cytometry. Results Exposure of B16F10 cells to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam irradiation triggered an increase in all the three phosphorylated proteins compared to sham-treated and control groups. B16F10 cells pre-treated with either ERK1/2 or AKT inhibitors equally enhanced radiation-induced cell death at 2.0 as well as 3.0 Gy (P < 0.001), while inhibition of JNK pathway increased radiation-induced cell death to a lesser extent. Interestingly combined inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT pathways did not show additional cell death compared to individual ERK1/2 or AKT inhibition. This indicates that ERK1/2 or AKT mediates radiation resistance through common downstream molecules in B16F10 cells. Conclusions Even without activating mutations in Ras or Braf genes, ERK1/2 and AKT play a critical role in B16F10 cell survival upon radiation exposure and possibly act through common downstream effector/s. PMID:29581812
Inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT Activity Equally Enhances Radiation Sensitization in B16F10 Cells.

PubMed

Kalal, Bhuvanesh Sukhlal; Fathima, Faraz; Pai, Vinitha Ramanath; Sanjeev, Ganesh; Krishna, Chilakapati Murali; Upadhya, Dinesh

2018-02-01

The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiation sensitizing ability of ERK1/2, PI3K-AKT and JNK inhibitors in highly radiation resistant and metastatic B16F10 cells which carry wild-type Ras and Braf . Mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 was exposed to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam radiation. Phosphorylated ERK1/2, AKT and JNK levels were estimated by ELISA. Cells were exposed to 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of radiation with or without prior pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2, AKT as well as JNK pathways. Cell death induced by radiation as well as upon inhibition of these pathways was measured by TUNEL assay using flow cytometry. Exposure of B16F10 cells to 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Gy of electron beam irradiation triggered an increase in all the three phosphorylated proteins compared to sham-treated and control groups. B16F10 cells pre-treated with either ERK1/2 or AKT inhibitors equally enhanced radiation-induced cell death at 2.0 as well as 3.0 Gy (P < 0.001), while inhibition of JNK pathway increased radiation-induced cell death to a lesser extent. Interestingly combined inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT pathways did not show additional cell death compared to individual ERK1/2 or AKT inhibition. This indicates that ERK1/2 or AKT mediates radiation resistance through common downstream molecules in B16F10 cells. Even without activating mutations in Ras or Braf genes, ERK1/2 and AKT play a critical role in B16F10 cell survival upon radiation exposure and possibly act through common downstream effector/s.
18F-FPYBF-2, a new F-18 labelled amyloid imaging PET tracer: biodistribution and radiation dosimetry assessment of first-in-man 18F-FPYBF-2 PET imaging.

PubMed

Nishii, Ryuichi; Higashi, Tatsuya; Kagawa, Shinya; Okuyama, Chio; Kishibe, Yoshihiko; Takahashi, Masaaki; Okina, Tomoko; Suzuki, Norio; Hasegawa, Hiroshi; Nagahama, Yasuhiro; Ishizu, Koichi; Oishi, Naoya; Kimura, Hiroyuki; Watanabe, Hiroyuki; Ono, Masahiro; Saji, Hideo; Yamauchi, Hiroshi

2018-05-01

Recently, a benzofuran derivative for the imaging of β-amyloid plaques, 5-(5-(2-(2-(2- 18 F-fluoroethoxy)ethoxy)ethoxy)benzofuran-2-yl)- N-methylpyridin-2-amine ( 18 F-FPYBF-2) has been validated as a tracer for amyloid imaging and it was found that 18 F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT is a useful and reliable diagnostic tool for the evaluation of AD (Higashi et al. Ann Nucl Med, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-018-1236-1 , 2018). The aim of this study was to assess the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of diagnostic dosages of 18 F-FPYBF-2 in normal healthy volunteers as a first-in-man study. Four normal healthy volunteers (male: 3, female: 1; mean age: 40 ± 17; age range 25-56) were included and underwent 18 F-FPYBF-2 PET/CT study for the evaluation of radiation exposure and pharmacokinetics. A 10-min dynamic PET/CT scan of the body (chest and abdomen) was performed at 0-10 min and a 15-min whole-body static scan was performed six times after the injection of 18 F-FPYBF-2. After reconstructing PET and CT image data, individual organ time-activity curves were estimated by fitting volume of interest data from the dynamic scan and whole-body scans. The OLINDA/EXM version 2.0 software was used to determine the whole-body effective doses. Dynamic PET imaging demonstrated that the hepatobiliary and renal systems were the principal pathways of clearance of 18 F-FPYBF-2. High uptake in the liver and the gall bladder, the stomach, and the kidneys were demonstrated, followed by the intestines and the urinary bladder. The ED for the adult dosimetric model was estimated to be 8.48 ± 1.25 µSv/MBq. The higher absorbed doses were estimated for the liver (28.98 ± 12.49 and 36.21 ± 15.64 µGy/MBq), the brain (20.93 ± 4.56 and 23.05 ± 5.03µ Gy/MBq), the osteogenic cells (9.67 ± 1.67 and 10.29 ± 1.70 µGy/MBq), the small intestines (9.12 ± 2.61 and 11.12 ± 3.15 µGy/MBq), and the kidneys (7.81 ± 2.62 and 8.71 ± 2.90 µGy/MBq) for
Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4) and the Raman spectra of (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), (OsO(3)F(2))(2), and (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4).

PubMed

Hughes, Michael J; Mercier, Hélène P A; Schrobilgen, Gary J

2009-05-18

The adduct, (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4), was synthesized by dissolution of the infinite chain polymer, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), in XeOF(4) solvent at room temperature followed by removal of excess XeOF(4) under dynamic vacuum at 0 degrees C. Continued pumping at 0 degrees C resulted in removal of associated XeOF(4), yielding (OsO(3)F(2))(2), a new low-temperature phase of OsO(3)F(2). Upon standing at 25 degrees C for 1(1)/(2) h, (OsO(3)F(2))(2) underwent a phase transition to the known monoclinic phase, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity). The title compounds, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), (OsO(3)F(2))(2), and (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4) have been characterized by low-temperature (-150 degrees C) Raman spectroscopy. Crystallization of (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4) from XeOF(4) solution at 0 degrees C yielded crystals suitable for X-ray structure determination. The structural unit contains the (OsO(3)F(2))(2) dimer in which the OsO(3)F(3) units are joined by two Os---F---Os bridges having fluorine bridge atoms that are equidistant from the osmium centers (2.117(5) and 2.107(4) A). The dimer coordinates to two XeOF(4) molecules through Os-F...Xe bridges in which the Xe...F distances (2.757(5) A) are significantly less than the sum of the Xe and F van der Waals radii (3.63 A). The (OsO(3)F(2))(2) dimer has C(i) symmetry in which each pseudo-octahedral OsO(3)F(3) unit has a facial arrangement of oxygen ligands with XeOF(4) molecules that are only slightly distorted from their gas-phase C(4v) symmetry. Quantum-chemical calculations using SVWN and B3LYP methods were employed to calculate the gas-phase geometries, natural bond orbital analyses, and vibrational frequencies of (OsO(3)F(2))(2), (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4), XeOF(4), OsO(2)F(4), and (mu-FOsO(3)F(2))(2)OsO(3)F(-) to aid in the assignment of the experimental vibrational frequencies of (OsO(3)F(2))(2), (OsO(3)F(2))(2)2XeOF(4), and (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity). The vibrational modes of the low-temperature polymeric phase, (OsO(3)F(2))(infinity), have been
Centrosymmetric [N(CH3)4]2TiF6 vs. noncentrosymmetric polar [C(NH2)3]2TiF6: A hydrogen-bonding effect on the out-of-center distortion of TiF6 octahedra

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Eun-ah; Lee, Dong Woo; Ok, Kang Min

2012-11-01

The syntheses, structures, and characterization of organically templated zero-dimensional titanium fluoride materials, A2TiF6 (A[N(CH3)4] or [C(NH2)3]), are reported. Phase pure samples of A2TiF6 were synthesized by either solvothermal reaction method or a simple mixing method. While [N(CH3)4]2TiF6 crystallizes in a centrosymmetric space group, R-3, [C(NH2)3]2TiF6 crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric polar space group, Cm. The asymmetric out-of-center distortion of TiF6 octahedra in polar [C(NH2)3]2TiF6 are attributable to the hydrogen-bonding interactions between the fluorine atoms in TiF6 octahedra and the nitrogen atoms in the [C(NH2)3]+ cation. Powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements on the [C(NH2)3]2TiF6, using 1064 nm radiation, indicate the material has SHG efficiency of 25× that of α-SiO2, which indicates an average nonlinear optical susceptibility, exp of 2.8 pm/V. Additional SHG measurements reveal that the material is not phase-matchable (Type 1). The magnitudes of out-of-center distortions and dipole moment calculations for TiF6 octahedra will be also reported.
Ab initio study of the diatomic fluorides FeF, CoF, NiF, and CuF.

PubMed

Koukounas, Constantine; Mavridis, Aristides

2008-11-06

The late-3d transition-metal diatomic fluorides MF = FeF, CoF, NiF, and CuF have been studied using variational multireference (MRCI) and coupled-cluster [RCCSD(T)] methods, combined with large to very large basis sets. We examined a total of 35 (2S+1)|Lambda| states, constructing as well 29 full potential energy curves through the MRCI method. All examined states are ionic, diabatically correlating to M(+)+F(-)((1)S). Notwithstanding the "eccentric" character of the 3d transition metals and the difficulties to accurately be described with all-electron ab initio methods, our results are, in general, in very good agreement with available experimental numbers.
Evaluation of an [(18)F]AlF-NOTA Analog of Exendin-4 for Imaging of GLP-1 Receptor in Insulinoma.

PubMed

Kiesewetter, Dale O; Guo, Ning; Guo, Jinxia; Gao, Haokao; Zhu, Lei; Ma, Ying; Niu, Gang; Chen, Xiaoyuan

2012-01-01

The GLP-1 receptor plays an important role in glucose homeostasis and thus is a very important target for diabetes therapy. The receptor is also overexpressed in insulinoma, a tumor of pancreatic beta-cells. We previously evaluated two fluorine-18-labeled analogs of exendin-4 prepared by conjugation with [(18)F]FBEM (N-[2-(4-[(18)F]fluorobenzamide)ethyl]maleimide). Both compounds demonstrated good tumor uptake, but the synthesis of the radiotracers was time consuming. To overcome this challenge, we developed a NOTA analog and performed radiolabeling using aluminum [(18)F]fluoride complexation. Cys(40)-exendin-4 was conjugated with NOTA mono N-ethylmaleimide. [(18)F]AlF conjugation was conducted and the radiolabeled product purified by preparative HPLC. Dynamic and static PET imaging scans were conducted on nude mice with established INS-1 xenografts. Uptake of tumor and other major organs in static images was quantitated (%ID/g) and comparison with blocking studies was made. PET quantification was also compared with ex vivo biodistribution results. The radiosynthesis provided [(18)F]AlF-NOTA-MAL-cys(40)-exendin-4 in 23.6 ± 2.4 % radiochemical yield (uncorrected, n = 3) after HPLC; the process required about 55 min. The specific activity at time of injection ranged from 19.6 to 31.4 GBq (0.53-0.85 Ci)/µmol. Tumor uptake had reached its maximum (16.09 ± 1.18% ID/g, n = 4) by 5 min and remained nearly constant for the duration of the study. Kidney uptake continued to increase throughout the entire one hour time course. Pre-injection of exendin-4 caused a marked reduction in tissue uptake with the major exception of liver and kidneys, in which uptake was not affected. HPLC analysis of the radioactive components in extracts of the tumor and plasma showed primarily parent compound at 60 min post-injection, whereas extracts of kidney and urine contained exclusively one polar radioactive component. The radiotracer is prepared in a simple one-step procedure and obtained
Novel radiosynthesis of PET HSV-tk gene reporter probes [18F]FHPG and [18F]FHBG employing dual Sep-Pak SPE techniques.

PubMed

Wang, Ji-Quan; Zheng, Qi-Huang; Fei, Xiangshu; Mock, Bruce H; Hutchins, Gary D

2003-11-17

Positron emission tomography (PET) herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene reporter probes 9-[(3-[(18)F]fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine ([(18)F]FHPG) and 9-(4-[(18)F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([(18)F]FHBG) were prepared by nucleophilic substitution of the appropriate tosylated precursors with [(18)F]KF/Kryptofix 2.2.2 followed by a quick deprotection reaction and purification with a simplified dual Silica Sep-Pak solid-phase extraction (SPE) method in 15-30% radiochemical yield.
Synthesis and preclinical characterization of [18F]FPBZA: a novel PET probe for melanoma.

PubMed

Wu, Shih-Yen; Huang, Shih-Pin; Lo, Yen-Chen; Liu, Ren-Shyan; Wang, Shyh-Jen; Lin, Wuu-Jyh; Shen, Chih-Chieh; Wang, Hsin-Ell

2014-01-01

Benzamide can specifically bind to melanoma cells. A 18F-labeled benzamide derivative, [18F]N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-[2-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy) ethoxy)ethoxy]benzamide ([18F]FPBZA), was developed as a promising PET probe for primary and metastatic melanoma. [18F]FPBZA was synthesized via a one-step radiofluorination in this study. The specific uptake of [18F]FPBZA was studied in B16F0 melanoma cells, A375 amelanotic melanoma cells, and NB-DNJ-pretreated B16F0 melanoma cells. The biological characterization of [18F]FPBZA was performed on mice bearing B16F0 melanoma, A375 amelanotic melanoma, or inflammation lesion. [18F]FPBZA can be prepared efficiently with a yield of 40-50%. The uptake of [18F]FPBZA by B16F0 melanoma cells was significantly higher than those by A375 tumor cells and NB-DNJ-pretreated B16F0 melanoma cells. B16F0 melanoma displayed prominent uptake of [18F]FPBZA at 2 h (7.81±0.82%ID/g), compared with A375 tumor and inflammation lesion (3.00±0.71 and 1.67±0.56%ID/g, resp.). [18F]FPBZA microPET scan clearly delineated B16F0 melanoma but not A375 tumor and inflammation lesion. In mice bearing pulmonary metastases, the lung radioactivity reached 4.77±0.36%ID/g at 2 h (versus 1.16±0.23%ID/g in normal mice). Our results suggested that [18F]FPBZA PET would provide a promising and specific approach for the detection of primary and metastatic melanoma lesions.
TU-AB-BRA-05: Repeatability of [F-18]-NaF PET Imaging Biomarkers for Bone Lesions: A Multicenter Study

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lin, C; Bradshaw, T; Perk, T

2015-06-15

Purpose: Quantifying the repeatability of imaging biomarkers is critical for assessing therapeutic response. While therapeutic efficacy has been traditionally quantified by SUV metrics, imaging texture features have shown potential for use as quantitative biomarkers. In this study we evaluated the repeatability of quantitative {sup 18}F-NaF PET-derived SUV metrics and texture features in bone lesions from patients in a multicenter study. Methods: Twenty-nine metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer patients received whole-body test-retest NaF PET/CT scans from one of three harmonized imaging centers. Bone lesions of volume greater than 1.5 cm{sup 3} were identified and automatically segmented using a SUV>15 threshold. From eachmore » lesion, 55 NaF PET-derived texture features (including first-order, co-occurrence, grey-level run-length, neighbor gray-level, and neighbor gray-tone difference matrix) were extracted. The test-retest repeatability of each SUV metric and texture feature was assessed with Bland-Altman analysis. Results: A total of 315 bone lesions were evaluated. Of the traditional SUV metrics, the repeatability coefficient (RC) was 12.6 SUV for SUVmax, 2.5 SUV for SUVmean, and 4.3 cm{sup 3} for volume. Their respective intralesion coefficients of variation (COVs) were 12%, 17%, and 6%. Of the texture features, COV was lowest for entropy (0.03%) and highest for kurtosis (105%). Lesion intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was lowest for maximum correlation coefficient (ICC=0.848), and highest for entropy (ICC=0.985). Across imaging centers, repeatability of texture features and SUV varied. For example, across imaging centers, COV for SUVmax ranged between 11–23%. Conclusion: Many NaF PET-derived SUV metrics and texture features for bone lesions demonstrated high repeatability, such as SUVmax, entropy, and volume. Several imaging texture features demonstrated poor repeatability, such as SUVtotal and SUVstd. These results can be used to
Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and PET imaging of [(18)F]FMISO, [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FAc in a sarcoma- and inflammation-bearing mouse model.

PubMed

Liu, Ren-Shyan; Chou, Ta-Kai; Chang, Chih-Hsien; Wu, Chun-Yi; Chang, Chi-Wei; Chang, Tsui-Jung; Wang, Shih-Jen; Lin, Wuu-Jyh; Wang, Hsin-Ell

2009-04-01

2-Deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-d-glucose ([(18)F]FDG), [(18)F]fluoroacetate ([(18)F]FAc) and [(18)F]fluoromisonidazole ([(18)F]FMISO) were all considered to be positron emission tomography (PET) probes for tumor diagnosis, though based on different rationale of tissue uptake. This study compared the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and imaging of these three tracers in a sarcoma- and inflammation-bearing mouse model. C3H mice were inoculated with 2x10(5) KHT sarcoma cells in the right thigh on Day 0. Turpentine oil (0.1 ml) was injected in the left thigh on Day 11 to induce inflammatory lesion. Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and microPET imaging of [(18)F]FMISO, [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FAc were performed on Day 14 after tumor inoculation. The inflammatory lesions were clearly visualized by [(18)F]FDG/microPET and autoradiography at 3 days after turpentine oil injection. The tumor-to-muscle and inflammatory lesion-to-muscle ratios derived from microPET imaging were 6.79 and 1.48 for [(18)F]FMISO, 8.12 and 4.69 for [(18)F]FDG and 3.72 and 3.19 for [(18)F]FAc at 4 h post injection, respectively. Among these, the tumor-to-inflammation ratio was the highest (4.57) for [(18)F]FMISO compared with that of [(18)F]FDG (1.73) and [(18)F]FAc (1.17), whereas [(18)F]FAc has the highest bioavailability (area under concentration of radiotracer vs. time curve, 116.2 hxpercentage of injected dose per gram of tissue). MicroPET images and biodistribution studies showed that the accumulation of [(18)F]FMISO in the tumor is significantly higher than that in inflammatory lesion at 4 h post injection. [(18)F]FDG and [(18)F]FAc delineated both tumor and inflammatory lesions. Our results demonstrated the potential of [(18)F]FMISO/PET in distinguishing tumor from inflammatory lesion.
Light-driven production of ATP catalysed by F0F1-ATP synthase in an artificial photosynthetic membrane

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Steinberg-Yfrach, Gali; Rigaud, Jean-Louis; Durantini, Edgardo N.; Moore, Ana L.; Gust, Devens; Moore, Thomas A.

1998-04-01

Energy-transducing membranes of living organisms couple spontaneous to non-spontaneous processes through the intermediacy of protonmotive force (p.m.f.) - an imbalance in electrochemical potential of protons across the membrane. In most organisms, p.m.f. is generated by redox reactions that are either photochemically driven, such as those in photosynthetic reaction centres, or intrinsically spontaneous, such as those of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Transmembrane proteins (such as the cytochromes and complexes I, III and IV in the electron-transport chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane) couple the redox reactions to proton translocation, thereby conserving a fraction of the redox chemical potential as p.m.f. Many transducer proteins couple p.m.f. to the performance of biochemical work, such as biochemical synthesis and mechanical and transport processes. Recently, an artificial photosynthetic membrane was reported in which a photocyclic process was used to transport protons across a liposomal membrane, resulting in acidification of the liposome's internal volume. If significant p.m.f. is generated in this system, then incorporating an appropriate transducer into the liposomal bilayer should make it possible to drive a non-spontaneous chemical process. Here we report the incorporation of FOF1-ATP synthase into liposomes containing the components of the proton-pumping photocycle. Irradiation of this artificial membrane with visible light results in the uncoupler- and inhibitor-sensitive synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) against an ATP chemical potential of ~12kcalmol-1, with a quantum yield of more than 7%. This system mimics the process by which photosynthetic bacteria convert light energy into ATP chemical potential.
TU-F-12A-03: Using 18F-FDG-PET-CT and Deformable Registration During Head-And-Neck Cancer (HNC) Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) to Predict Treatment Response

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Vergalasova, I; Mowery, Y; Yoo, D

2014-06-15

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of deformable vs. rigid registration of pre-treatment 18F-FDG-PET-CT to intra-treatment 18F-FDG-PET-CT on different standardized uptake value (SUV) parameters and investigate which parameters correlate best with post-treatment response in patients undergoing IMRT for HNC. Methods: Pre-treatment and intra-treatment PET-CT (after 20Gy) scans were acquired, in addition to a 12 week post-treatment PET-CT to assess treatment response. Primary and lymph node gross tumor volumes (GTV-PRI and GTV-LN) were contoured on the pre-treatment CT. These contours were then mapped to intra-treatment PET images via rigid and deformable registration. Absolute changes from pre- to intra-treatment scans for rigid andmore » deformable registration were extracted for the following parameters: SUV-MAX, SUV-MEAN, SUV-20%, SUV-40%, and SUV-60% (SUV-X% is the minimum SUV to the highest-intensity X% volume). Results: Thirty-eight patients were evaluated, with 27 available for classification as complete or incomplete response (CR/ICR). The pre-treatment average tumor volumes for the patients were 24.05cm{sup 3} for GTV-PRI and 23.4cm{sup 3} for GTV-LN. For GTV-PRI, there was no statistically significant difference between rigid vs. deformable registration across all ΔSUV parameters. For GTV-LN contours, all parameters were significantly different except for ΔSUV-MAX. For deformably-registered GTV-PRI, changes in the following metrics were significantly different for CR vs. ICR: SUV-MEAN(p=0.003), SUV-20%(p=0.02), SUV-40%(p=0.02), and SUV-60%(p=0.008). The following cutoff values separated CR from ICR with high sensitivity and specificity: ΔSUV-MEAN=1.49, ΔSUV-20%=2.39, ΔSUV-40%=1.80 and ΔSUV-60%=1.31. Corresponding areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve were 0.90, 0.81, 0.81, and 0.85, respectively. Conclusion: Rigidly and deformably registered contours yielded statistically similar SUV parameters for GTV-PRI, but not GTV-LN. This
Toward a W4-F12 approach: Can explicitly correlated and orbital-based ab initio CCSD(T) limits be reconciled?

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sylvetsky, Nitai, E-mail: gershom@weizmann.ac.il; Martin, Jan M. L., E-mail: gershom@weizmann.ac.il; Peterson, Kirk A., E-mail: kipeters@wsu.edu

2016-06-07

In the context of high-accuracy computational thermochemistry, the valence coupled cluster with all singles and doubles (CCSD) correlation component of molecular atomization energies presents the most severe basis set convergence problem, followed by the (T) component. In the present paper, we make a detailed comparison, for an expanded version of the W4-11 thermochemistry benchmark, between, on the one hand, orbital-based CCSD/AV{5,6}Z + d and CCSD/ACV{5,6}Z extrapolation, and on the other hand CCSD-F12b calculations with cc-pVQZ-F12 and cc-pV5Z-F12 basis sets. This latter basis set, now available for H–He, B–Ne, and Al–Ar, is shown to be very close to the basis setmore » limit. Apparent differences (which can reach 0.35 kcal/mol for systems like CCl{sub 4}) between orbital-based and CCSD-F12b basis set limits disappear if basis sets with additional radial flexibility, such as ACV{5,6}Z, are used for the orbital calculation. Counterpoise calculations reveal that, while total atomization energies with V5Z-F12 basis sets are nearly free of BSSE, orbital calculations have significant BSSE even with AV(6 + d)Z basis sets, leading to non-negligible differences between raw and counterpoise-corrected extrapolated limits. This latter problem is greatly reduced by switching to ACV{5,6}Z core-valence basis sets, or simply adding an additional zeta to just the valence orbitals. Previous reports that all-electron approaches like HEAT (high-accuracy extrapolated ab-initio thermochemistry) lead to different CCSD(T) limits than “valence limit + CV correction” approaches like Feller-Peterson-Dixon and Weizmann-4 (W4) theory can be rationalized in terms of the greater radial flexibility of core-valence basis sets. For (T) corrections, conventional CCSD(T)/AV{Q,5}Z + d calculations are found to be superior to scaled or extrapolated CCSD(T)-F12b calculations of similar cost. For a W4-F12 protocol, we recommend obtaining the Hartree-Fock and valence CCSD components from
Synthesis of N-formyl-3,4-di-t-butoxycarbonyloxy-6(trimethylstannyl)-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester and its regioselective radiofluorodestannylation to 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa

DOEpatents

Satyamurthy, N.; Barrio, J.R.; Bishop, A.J.; Namavari, M.

1995-02-28

A protected 6-trimethylstannyl dopa derivative has been synthesized for the as a precursor for the preparation of 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa. The tin derivative readily reacts with electrophilic radiofluorinating agents such as [{sup 18}F]F{sub 2}, [{sup 18}F]OF{sub 2} and [{sup 18}F]AcOF. The [{sup 18}F]fluoro intermediate was easily hydrolyzed with HBr and the product 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa was isolated after HPLC purification in a maximum radiochemical yield of 23%, ready for human use. 1 fig.
Synthesis of N-formyl-3,4-di-t-butoxycarbonyloxy-6(trimethylstannyl)-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester and its regioselective radiofluorodestannylation to 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Satyamurthy, N.; Barrio, J.R.; Bishop, A.J.

A protected 6-trimethylstannyl dopa derivative has been synthesized for the as a precursor for the preparation of 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa. The tin derivative readily reacts with electrophilic radiofluorinating agents such as [{sup 18}F]F{sub 2}, [{sup 18}F]OF{sub 2} and [{sup 18}F]AcOF. The [{sup 18}F]fluoro intermediate was easily hydrolyzed with HBr and the product 6-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-L-dopa was isolated after HPLC purification in a maximum radiochemical yield of 23%, ready for human use. 1 fig.

Synthesis of N-formyl-3,4-di-t-butoxycarbonyloxy-6-(trimethylstannyl)-L-phenylalanine ethyl ester and its regioselective radiofluorodestannylation to 6-[.sup.18 F]fluoro-L-dopa

DOEpatents

Satyamurthy, Nagichettiar; Barrio, Jorge R.; Bishop, Allyson J.; Namavari, Mohammad

1995-01-01

A protected 6-trimethylstannyl dopa derivative has been synthesized for the as a precursor for the preparation of 6-[.sup.18 F]fluoro-L-dopa. The tin derivative readily reacts with electrophilic radiofluorinating agents such as [.sup.18 F]F.sub.2, [.sup.18 F]OF.sub.2 and [.sup.18 F]AcOF. The [.sup.18 F]fluoro intermediate was easily hydrolyzed with HBr and the product 6-[.sup.18 F]fluoro-L-dopa was isolated after HPLC purification in a maximum radiochemical yield of 23%, ready for human use.
18F-FDG PET/CT oncologic imaging at extended injection-to-scan acquisition time intervals derived from a single-institution 18F-FDG-directed surgery experience: feasibility and quantification of 18F-FDG accumulation within 18F-FDG-avid lesions and background tissues

PubMed Central

2014-01-01

Background 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a well-established imaging modality for a wide variety of solid malignancies. Currently, only limited data exists regarding the utility of PET/CT imaging at very extended injection-to-scan acquisition times. The current retrospective data analysis assessed the feasibility and quantification of diagnostic 18F-FDG PET/CT oncologic imaging at extended injection-to-scan acquisition time intervals. Methods 18F-FDG-avid lesions (not surgically manipulated or altered during 18F-FDG-directed surgery, and visualized both on preoperative and postoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging) and corresponding background tissues were assessed for 18F-FDG accumulation on same-day preoperative and postoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. Multiple patient variables and 18F-FDG-avid lesion variables were examined. Results For the 32 18F-FDG-avid lesions making up the final 18F-FDG-avid lesion data set (from among 7 patients), the mean injection-to-scan times of the preoperative and postoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were 73 (±3, 70-78) and 530 (±79, 413-739) minutes, respectively (P < 0.001). The preoperative and postoperative mean 18F-FDG-avid lesion SUVmax values were 7.7 (±4.0, 3.6-19.5) and 11.3 (±6.0, 4.1-29.2), respectively (P < 0.001). The preoperative and postoperative mean background SUVmax values were 2.3 (±0.6, 1.0-3.2) and 2.1 (±0.6, 1.0-3.3), respectively (P = 0.017). The preoperative and postoperative mean lesion-to-background SUVmax ratios were 3.7 (±2.3, 1.5-9.8) and 5.8 (±3.6, 1.6-16.2), respectively, (P < 0.001). Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT oncologic imaging can be successfully performed at extended injection-to-scan acquisition time intervals of up to approximately 5 half-lives for 18F-FDG while maintaining good/adequate diagnostic image quality. The resultant increase in the 18F-FDG-avid lesion SUVmax values, decreased background SUVmax values, and
C-F activation of fluorinated arenes using NHC-stabilized nickel(0) complexes: selectivity and mechanistic investigations.

PubMed

Schaub, Thomas; Fischer, Peter; Steffen, Andreas; Braun, Thomas; Radius, Udo; Mix, Andreas

2008-07-23

The reaction of [Ni2((i)Pr2Im)4(COD)] 1a or [Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(eta(2)-C2H4)] 1b with different fluorinated arenes is reported. These reactions occur with a high chemo- and regioselectivity. In the case of polyfluorinated aromatics of the type C6F5X such as hexafluorobenzene (X = F) octafluorotoluene (X = CF3), trimethyl(pentafluorophenyl)silane (X = SiMe3), or decafluorobiphenyl (X = C6F5) the C-F activation regioselectively takes place at the C-F bond in the para position to the X group to afford the complexes trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(C6F5)]2, trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(4-(CF3)C6F4)] 3, trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(4-(C6F5)C6F4)] 4, and trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(4-(SiMe3)C6F4)] 5. Complex 5 was structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction. The reaction of 1a with partially fluorinated aromatic substrates C6H(x)F(y) leads to the products of a C-F activation trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2-C6FH4)] 7, trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(3,5-C6F2H3)] 8, trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2,3-C6F2H3)] 9a and trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2,6-C6F2H3)] 9b, trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2,5-C6F2H3)] 10, and trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2,3,5,6-C6F4H)] 11. The reaction of 1a with octafluoronaphthalene yields exclusively trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(1,3,4,5,6,7,8-C10F7)] 6a, the product of an insertion into the C-F bond in the 2-position, whereas for the reaction of 1b with octafluoronaphthalene the two isomers trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(1,3,4,5,6,7,8-C10F7)] 6a and trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2,3,4,5,6,7,8-C10F7)] 6b are formed in a ratio of 11:1. The reaction of 1a or of 1b with pentafluoropyridine at low temperatures affords trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(4-C5NF4)] 12a as the sole product, whereas the reaction of 1b performed at room temperature leads to the generation of trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(4-C5NF4)] 12a and trans-[Ni((i)Pr2Im)2(F)(2-C5NF4)] 12b in a ratio of approximately 1:2. The detection of intermediates as well as kinetic studies gives some insight into the mechanistic details for the activation of an aromatic carbon-fluorine bond at
Fourier transform emission spectroscopy of the F4Δ- X4Φ system of TiF

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ram, R. S.; Bernath, P. F.

2005-06-01

The emission spectra of TiF have been reinvestigated in the 4200-15 000 cm -1 region using the Fourier transform spectrometer associated with the National Solar Observatory at Kitt Peak. TiF was formed in a microwave discharge lamp operated with 2.5 Torr of He and a trace of TiF 4 vapor, and the spectra were recorded at a resolution of 0.02 cm -1. The TiF bands observed in the 12 000-14 000 cm -1 region have been assigned to a new transition, F4Δ- X4Φ. Each band consists of four sub-bands assigned as, 4Δ 1/2- 4Φ 3/2, 4Δ 3/2- 4Φ 5/2, 4Δ 5/2- 4Φ 7/2, and 4Δ 7/2- 4Φ 9/2. A rotational analysis of the 0-1, 0-0, and 1-0 bands has been obtained and spectroscopic constants have been extracted.
A multicenter clinical trial on the diagnostic value of dual-tracer PET/CT in pulmonary lesions using 3'-deoxy-3'-18F-fluorothymidine and 18F-FDG.

PubMed

Tian, Jiahe; Yang, Xiaofeng; Yu, Lijuan; Chen, Ping; Xin, Jun; Ma, Liming; Feng, Huiru; Tan, Yieyin; Zhao, Zhoushe; Wu, Wenkai

2008-02-01

Some new radiotracers might add useful information and improve diagnostic confidence of (18)F-FDG imaging in tumors. A multicenter clinical trial was designed to investigate the diagnostic performance of dual-tracer ((18)F-FDG and 3'-deoxy-3'-(18)F-fluorothymidine [(18)F-FLT]) PET/CT in pulmonary nodules. Fifty-five patients underwent dual-tracer imaging in 6 imaging centers using the same models of equipment and standardized protocols. The images were interpreted by a collective group of readers who were unaware of the clinical data. The diagnostic performance using either tracer alone or dual-tracers together, with or without CT, was compared. The histological diagnosis or clinical findings in a 12-mo follow-up period served as the standard of truth. In 16 patients with malignant tumor, 16 with tuberculosis, and 23 with other benign lesions, the sensitivity and specificity of (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FLT were 87.5% and 58.97% and 68.75% and 76.92%, respectively. The combination of dual-tracer PET/CT improved the sensitivity and specificity up to 100% and 89.74%. The 3 subgroups of patients could be best separated when the (18)F-FLT/(18)F-FDG standardized uptake value ratio of 0.4-0.90 was used as the threshold. By reflecting different biologic features, the dual-tracer PET/CT using (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FLT favorably affected the diagnosis of lung nodules.
Generalized non-Local Resistance Expression and its Application in F/N/F Spintronic Structure with Graphene Channel

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wei, Huazhou; Fu, Shiwei

We report our work on the spin transport properties in the F/N/F(ferromagnets/normal metal/ferromagnets) spintronic structure from a new theoretical perspective. A significant problem in the field is to explain the inferior measured order of magnitude for spin lifetime. Based on the known non-local resistance formula and the mechanism analysis of spin-flipping within the interfaces between F and N, we analytically derive a broadly applicable new non-local resistance expression and a generalized Hanle curve formula. After employing them in the F/N/F structure under different limits, especially in the case of graphene channel, we find that the fitting from experimental data would yield a longer spin lifetime, which approaches its theoretical predicted value in graphene. The authors acknowledge the financial support by China University of Petroleum-Beijing and the Key Laboratory of Optical Detection Technology for Oil and Gas in this institution.
Synthesis and Preclinical Characterization of [18F]FPBZA: A Novel PET Probe for Melanoma

PubMed Central

Huang, Shih-Pin; Lo, Yen-Chen; Liu, Ren-Shyan; Shen, Chih-Chieh

2014-01-01

Introduction. Benzamide can specifically bind to melanoma cells. A 18F-labeled benzamide derivative, [18F]N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-4-[2-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy) ethoxy)ethoxy]benzamide ([18F]FPBZA), was developed as a promising PET probe for primary and metastatic melanoma. Methods. [18F]FPBZA was synthesized via a one-step radiofluorination in this study. The specific uptake of [18F]FPBZA was studied in B16F0 melanoma cells, A375 amelanotic melanoma cells, and NB-DNJ-pretreated B16F0 melanoma cells. The biological characterization of [18F]FPBZA was performed on mice bearing B16F0 melanoma, A375 amelanotic melanoma, or inflammation lesion. Results. [18F]FPBZA can be prepared efficiently with a yield of 40–50%. The uptake of [18F]FPBZA by B16F0 melanoma cells was significantly higher than those by A375 tumor cells and NB-DNJ-pretreated B16F0 melanoma cells. B16F0 melanoma displayed prominent uptake of [18F]FPBZA at 2 h (7.81 ± 0.82 %ID/g), compared with A375 tumor and inflammation lesion (3.00 ± 0.71 and 1.67 ± 0.56 %ID/g, resp.). [18F]FPBZA microPET scan clearly delineated B16F0 melanoma but not A375 tumor and inflammation lesion. In mice bearing pulmonary metastases, the lung radioactivity reached 4.77 ± 0.36 %ID/g at 2 h (versus 1.16 ± 0.23 %ID/g in normal mice). Conclusions. Our results suggested that [18F]FPBZA PET would provide a promising and specific approach for the detection of primary and metastatic melanoma lesions. PMID:25254219
Detection of osseous metastasis by 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT versus CT alone.

PubMed

Sampath, Srinath C; Sampath, Srihari C; Mosci, Camila; Lutz, Amelie M; Willmann, Juergen K; Mittra, Erik S; Gambhir, Sanjiv S; Iagaru, Andrei

2015-03-01

Sodium fluoride PET (18F-NaF) has recently reemerged as a valuable method for detection of osseous metastasis, with recent work highlighting the potential of coadministered 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in a single combined imaging examination. We further examined the potential of such combined examinations by comparing dual tracer 18F-NaF18/F-FDG PET/CT with CT alone for detection of osseous metastasis. Seventy-five participants with biopsy-proven malignancy were consecutively enrolled from a single center and underwent combined 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT and diagnostic CT scans. PET/CT as well as CT only images were reviewed in blinded fashion and compared with the results of clinical, imaging, or histological follow-up as a truth standard. Sensitivity of the combined 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT was higher than that of CT alone (97.4% vs 66.7%). CT and 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT were concordant in 73% of studies. Of 20 discordant cases, 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT was correct in 19 (95%). Three cases were interpreted concordantly but incorrectly, and all 3 were false positives. A single case of osseous metastasis was detected by CT alone, but not by 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT. Combined 18F-NaF/18F-FDG PET/CT outperforms CT alone and is highly sensitive and specific for detection of osseous metastases. The concordantly interpreted false-positive cases demonstrate the difficulty of distinguishing degenerative from malignant disease, whereas the single case of metastasis seen on CT but not PET highlights the need for careful review of CT images in multimodality studies.
Leptonic-decay-constant ratio f(K+)/f(π+) from lattice QCD with physical light quarks.

PubMed

Bazavov, A; Bernard, C; DeTar, C; Foley, J; Freeman, W; Gottlieb, Steven; Heller, U M; Hetrick, J E; Kim, J; Laiho, J; Levkova, L; Lightman, M; Osborn, J; Qiu, S; Sugar, R L; Toussaint, D; Van de Water, R S; Zhou, R

2013-04-26

A calculation of the ratio of leptonic decay constants f(K+)/f(π+) makes possible a precise determination of the ratio of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements |V(us)|/|V(ud)| in the standard model, and places a stringent constraint on the scale of new physics that would lead to deviations from unitarity in the first row of the CKM matrix. We compute f(K+)/f(π+) numerically in unquenched lattice QCD using gauge-field ensembles recently generated that include four flavors of dynamical quarks: up, down, strange, and charm. We analyze data at four lattice spacings a ≈ 0.06, 0.09, 0.12, and 0.15 fm with simulated pion masses down to the physical value 135 MeV. We obtain f(K+)/f(π+) = 1.1947(26)(37), where the errors are statistical and total systematic, respectively. This is our first physics result from our N(f) = 2+1+1 ensembles, and the first calculation of f(K+)/f(π+) from lattice-QCD simulations at the physical point. Our result is the most precise lattice-QCD determination of f(K+)/f(π+), with an error comparable to the current world average. When combined with experimental measurements of the leptonic branching fractions, it leads to a precise determination of |V(us)|/|V(ud)| = 0.2309(9)(4) where the errors are theoretical and experimental, respectively.
Study on the electronic structure of Al12N12 and Al12P12 fullerene-like nano-clusters upon adsorption of CH3F and CH3Cl

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Shokuhi Rad, A.; Zareyee, D.; Pouralijan Foukolaei, V.; Kamyab Moghadas, B.; Peyravi, M.

2016-11-01

We study the interaction of two mono-halomethanes (CH3F and CH3Cl) on Al12N12 and Al12P12 fullerene-like nano-clusters based on density functional theory (DFT). We search on fully optimised adsorbed systems by theoretical investigation considering binding energies, total density of states, natural bond orbital (NBO) charges, and molecular electrostatic potential. We found that the direction of electron transfer is from halomethane to nano-cluster for all systems, indicating p-type semiconductor property of the mentioned nano-clusters. The interaction energy of halomethanes on nano-clusters is evaluated with dispersion corrected (wB97XD) and non-corrected (B3LYP) methods in order to estimate the dispersion effects. The binding energies are found in order of Al12N12-CH3F > Al12N12-CH3Cl > Al12P12-CH3F > Al12P12-CH3Cl with the values of -102.7, -83.7, -64.2, and -48.9 kJ mol-1 based on wB97XD, respectively. We found significant changes in the location of HOMO as well as LUMO of nano-clusters upon adsorption of the above-mentioned molecules. As a result, we suggest the suitability of Al12N12 nano-cluster as a strong adsorbent for practical applications.
A bacteria antibiotic system in space (23-F ANTIBIO)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Tixador, Rene; Gasset, G.; Eche, B.; Moatti, N.; Lapchine, L.; Woldringh, C.; Toorop, P.; Moatti, J. P.; Delmotte, F.; Tap, G.

1995-01-01

In order to evaluate the effects of weightlessness and cosmic radiations on the bacteria resistance to antibiotics, the Antibio 23F experiment was undertaken onboard Discovery during the 1st International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-1) mission. The effects of various antibiotic concentrations (dihydrostreptomycin) on Escherichia coli growth and cell division behavior were studied. The antibiotic binding was investigated using a radioactive tracer (tritium). The results showed that microgravity did not affect E. coli cells in regards the growth and the cell division. The antibiotic added to the culture medium induced an inhibition of the cultures both in the flight and ground controls. However, the antibiotic was less efficient in flight. The behavior of bacteria was modified, and the exponential growth rate was increased in flight. The incorporation of radioactive antibiotics in flight was comparatively different to ground incorporation, which indicated some perturbations in antibiotic binding. The experiments performed in the 1 g centrifuge did not show any difference in the cultures developed on the static rack, and could support a radiative effect of cosmic radiation to explain the results.
An expanded calibration study of the explicitly correlated CCSD(T)-F12b method using large basis set standard CCSD(T) atomization energies.

PubMed

Feller, David; Peterson, Kirk A

2013-08-28

The effectiveness of the recently developed, explicitly correlated coupled cluster method CCSD(T)-F12b is examined in terms of its ability to reproduce atomization energies derived from complete basis set extrapolations of standard CCSD(T). Most of the standard method findings were obtained with aug-cc-pV7Z or aug-cc-pV8Z basis sets. For a few homonuclear diatomic molecules it was possible to push the basis set to the aug-cc-pV9Z level. F12b calculations were performed with the cc-pVnZ-F12 (n = D, T, Q) basis set sequence and were also extrapolated to the basis set limit using a Schwenke-style, parameterized formula. A systematic bias was observed in the F12b method with the (VTZ-F12/VQZ-F12) basis set combination. This bias resulted in the underestimation of reference values associated with small molecules (valence correlation energies <0.5 E(h)) and an even larger overestimation of atomization energies for bigger systems. Consequently, caution should be exercised in the use of F12b for high accuracy studies. Root mean square and mean absolute deviation error metrics for this basis set combination were comparable to complete basis set values obtained with standard CCSD(T) and the aug-cc-pVDZ through aug-cc-pVQZ basis set sequence. However, the mean signed deviation was an order of magnitude larger. Problems partially due to basis set superposition error were identified with second row compounds which resulted in a weak performance for the smaller VDZ-F12/VTZ-F12 combination of basis sets.
Effect of a single application of TiF(4) and NaF varnishes and solutions on dentin erosion in vitro.

PubMed

Magalhães, Ana Carolina; Levy, Flávia Mauad; Rios, Daniela; Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo

2010-02-01

This in vitro study aimed to analyse the effect of a single application of TiF(4) and NaF varnishes and solutions to protect against dentin erosion. Bovine root dentin samples were pre-treated with NaF-Duraphat varnish (2.26%F, pH 4.5), NaF/CaF(2)-Duofluorid varnish (5.63%F, pH 8.0), NaF-experimental varnish (2.45%F, pH 4.5), TiF(4)-experimental varnish (2.45%F, pH 1.2), NaF solution (2.26%F, pH 4.5), TiF(4) solution (2.45%F, pH 1.2) and placebo varnish (pH 5.0, no-F varnish control). Controls remained untreated. Ten samples in each group were then subjected to an erosive demineralisation (Sprite Zero, 4x 90s/day) and remineralisation (artificial saliva, between the erosive cycles) cycling for 5 days. Dentin loss was measured profilometrically after pre-treatment and after 1, 3 and 5 days of de-remineralisation cycling. The data were statistically analysed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test (p<0.05). After pre-treatment, TiF(4) solution significantly induced surface loss (1.08+/-0.53 microm). Only Duraphat reduced the dentin loss overtime, but it did not significantly differ from placebo varnish (at 3rd and 5th days) and TiF(4) varnish (at 3rd day). Duraphat varnish seems to be the best option to partially reduce dentin erosion. However, the maintenance of the effects of this treatment after successive erosive challenges is limited. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor in Subjects with Cystic Fibrosis and F508del/F508del-CFTR or F508del/G551D-CFTR.

PubMed

Donaldson, Scott H; Pilewski, Joseph M; Griese, Matthias; Cooke, Jon; Viswanathan, Lakshmi; Tullis, Elizabeth; Davies, Jane C; Lekstrom-Himes, Julie A; Wang, Linda T

2018-01-15

Tezacaftor (formerly VX-661) is an investigational small molecule that improves processing and trafficking of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in vitro, and improves CFTR function alone and in combination with ivacaftor. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of tezacaftor monotherapy and of tezacaftor/ivacaftor combination therapy in subjects with cystic fibrosis homozygous for F508del or compound heterozygous for F508del and G551D. This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter, phase 2 study (NCT01531673). Subjects homozygous for F508del received tezacaftor (10 to 150 mg) every day alone or in combination with ivacaftor (150 mg every 12 h) in a dose escalation phase, as well as in a dosage regimen testing phase. Subjects compound heterozygous for F508del and G551D, taking physician-prescribed ivacaftor, received tezacaftor (100 mg every day). Primary endpoints were safety through Day 56 and change in sweat chloride from baseline through Day 28. Secondary endpoints included change in percent predicted FEV 1 (ppFEV 1 ) from baseline through Day 28 and pharmacokinetics. The incidence of adverse events was similar across treatment arms. Tezacaftor (100 mg every day)/ivacaftor (150 mg every 12 h) resulted in a 6.04 mmol/L decrease in sweat chloride and 3.75 percentage point increase in ppFEV 1 in subjects homozygous for F508del, and a 7.02 mmol/L decrease in sweat chloride and 4.60 percentage point increase in ppFEV 1 in subjects compound heterozygous for F508del and G551D from baseline through Day 28 (P < 0.05 for all). These results support continued clinical development of tezacaftor (100 mg every day) in combination with ivacaftor (150 mg every 12 h) in subjects with cystic fibrosis. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01531673).
Visible Thrombolysis Acceleration of a Nanomachine Powered by Light-Driving F0F1-ATPase Motor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Duan, Xiaoxia; Liu, Lifeng; Jiang, Weijian; Yue, Jiachang

2015-05-01

We report on thrombolysis acceleration of a nanomachine powered by light-driving δ-subunit-free F0F1-ATPase motor. It is composed of a mechanical device, locating device, energy storage device, and propeller. The rotory δ-subunit-free F0F1-ATPase motor acts as a mechanical device, which was obtained by reconstructing an original chromatophore extracted from Rhodospirillum rubrum. We found that the bioactivity of the F0F1-ATPase motor improved greatly after reconstruction. The zeta potential of the nanomachine is about -23.4 mV. Cytotoxicity induced by the nanomachine was measured using cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay. The A549 cells incubated with different fractional concentrations of the nanomachine within 48 h did not show obvious cytotoxicity. The locating device helps the nanomachine bind to the thrombi. Energy was easily stored by exposing the nanomachine to 600-nm-wavelength irradiation, which promoted activity of the motor. The rotation of the long propeller accelerated thrombolysis of a blood clot in vitro in the presence of urokinase (UK). This result was based on visual inspection and confirmed by a series of tests.
[JAK2 V617F and exon 12 genetic variations in Korean patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms].

PubMed

Kim, Jeong Tae; Cho, Yong Gon; Choi, Sam Im; Lee, Young Jin; Kim, Hye Ran; Jang, Sook Jin; Moon, Dae Soo; Park, Young Jin; Park, Geon

2010-12-01

JAK2 genetic variations have been described in a high proportion of patients with BCR/ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This study was designed to analyze the frequencies of JAK2 V617F and exon 12 variations, and their correlations with clinical characteristics of Korean patients with BCR/ABL1-negative MPN. We examined a total of 154 patients with BCR/ABL1-negative MPN that included 24, 26, 89, and 15 patients with polycythemia vera (PV), primary myelofibrosis (PMF), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and unclassified myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNU), respectively. We performed allele-specific PCR to detect V617F in all BCR/ABL1-negative patients, and performed direct sequencing to detect exon 12 variations in 47 V617F-negative MPN patients. JAK2 c.1641+179_183del5 variation was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism assay in 176 healthy subjects. JAK2 V617F was detected in 91 patients (59.1%): PV (91.6%), PMF (46.2%), ET (52.8%), and MPNU (66.7%). In V617F-negative MPN patients, no mutations were found in exon 12. The c.1641+179_183del5 was detected in 68.1% of V617F-negative MPN patients and 45.4% of healthy subjects (P=0.008). JAK2 V617F was closely correlated with age and leukocytosis in BCR/ABL1-negative MPN patients (P<0.05). However, c.1641+179_183del5 was not related to age, sex, or complete blood cell count parameters in V617F-negative MPN patients and healthy subjects. The c.1641+179_183del5 was associated with an increased odds ratio for MPN (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidences interval, 1.3-5.1; P=0.007). Frequencies of V617F are similar to reported results. JAK2 exon 12 mutations may be rare and c.1641+179_183del5 may influence the occurrence of MPN in Korean patients with V6 17F-negative MPN.
SSeCKS/AKAP12 induces repulsion between human prostate cancer and microvessel endothelial cells through the activation of Semaphorin 3F.

PubMed

Xie, Wen; Su, Wei; Zhang, Lijuan; Shang, Qingkun; Su, Bing

2017-09-02

Metastasis remains the primary cause of prostate cancer related death. Cancer cells need to contact endothelial cells and disrupt endothelial junctions to cross the endothelium for invasion and metastasis. The suppression of heterotypic repulsion between cancer and endothelial cells allows cancer cells to invade into the surrounding tissue. Here, we demonstrate that SSeCKS/AKAP12 induced repulsion between human prostate cancer and microvessel endothelial cells, which was mediated by an angiogenesis inhibitor Semaphorin 3F. Moreover, we examined AKAP12 and Semaphorin 3F mRNA expression in 42 prostate cancer and 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia tissue samples, and found that the expression of AKAP12 and Semaphorin 3F mRNA was inversely associated with the degree of aggressiveness of prostate cancer cells and tissues. An ordinal logistic regression analysis indicates that there is a positive association between the expression of AKAP12 and Semaphorin 3F in prostate cancer, suggesting that the activation of Semaphorin 3F by SSeCKS/AKAP12 may be involved in prostate cancer progression and metastasis. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Fully automated synthesis of [(18) F]fluoro-dihydrotestosterone ([(18) F]FDHT) using the FlexLab module.

PubMed

Ackermann, Uwe; Lewis, Jason S; Young, Kenneth; Morris, Michael J; Weickhardt, Andrew; Davis, Ian D; Scott, Andrew M

2016-08-01

Imaging of androgen receptor expression in prostate cancer using F-18 FDHT is becoming increasingly popular. With the radiolabelling precursor now commercially available, developing a fully automated synthesis of [(18) F] FDHT is important. We have fully automated the synthesis of F-18 FDHT using the iPhase FlexLab module using only commercially available components. Total synthesis time was 90 min, radiochemical yields were 25-33% (n = 11). Radiochemical purity of the final formulation was > 99% and specific activity was > 18.5 GBq/µmol for all batches. This method can be up-scaled as desired, thus making it possible to study multiple patients in a day. Furthermore, our procedure uses 4 mg of precursor only and is therefore cost-effective. The synthesis has now been validated at Austin Health and is currently used for [(18) F]FDHT studies in patients. We believe that this method can easily adapted by other modules to further widen the availability of [(18) F]FDHT. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 Exon 12 Mutations in Chinese Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis.

PubMed

Xia, Jun; Lu, Mi-Ze; Jiang, Yuan-Qiang; Yang, Guo-Hua; Zhuang, Yun; Sun, Hong-Li; Shen, Yun-Feng

2012-03-01

JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 exon 12 mutations are novel acquired mutations that induce constitutive cytokine-independent activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). The discovery of these mutations provides novel mechanism for activation of signal transduction in hematopoietic malignancies. This research was to investigate their prevalence in Chinese patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF). We introduced allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) combined with sequence analysis to simultaneously screen JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L and JAK2 exon 12 mutations in 30 patients with PMF. Fifteen PMF patients (50.0%) carried JAK2 V617F mutation, and only two JAK2 V617F-negative patients (6.7%) harbored MPL W515L mutation. None had JAK2 exon 12 mutations. Furthermore, these three mutations were not detected in 50 healthy controls. MPL W515L and JAK2 V617F mutations existed in PMF patients but JAK2 exon 12 mutations not. JAK2 V617F and MPL W515L and mutations might contribute to the primary molecular pathogenesis in patients with PMF.
Simplified and robust one-step radiosynthesis of [18 F]DCFPyL via direct radiofluorination and cartridge-based purification.

PubMed

Dornan, Mark H; Simard, José-Mathieu; Leblond, Antoine; Juneau, Daniel; Delouya, Guila; Saad, Fred; Ménard, Cynthia; DaSilva, Jean N

2018-05-02

[ 18 F]DCFPyL is a clinical-stage PET radiotracer used to image prostate cancer. This report details the efficient production of [ 18 F]DCFPyL using single-step direct radiofluorination, without the use of carboxylic acid-protecting groups. Radiolabeling reaction optimization studies revealed an inverse correlation between the amount of precursor used and the radiochemical yield. This simplified approach enabled automated preparation of [ 18 F]DCFPyL within 28 minutes using HPLC purification (26% ± 6%, at EOS, n = 4), which was then scaled up for large-batch production to generate 1.46 ± 0.23 Ci of [ 18 F]DCFPyL at EOS (n = 7) in high molar activity (37 933 ± 4158 mCi/μmol, 1403 ± 153 GBq/μmol, at EOS, n = 7). Further, this work enabled the development of [ 18 F]DCFPyL production in 21 minutes using an easy cartridge-based purification (25% ± 9% radiochemical yield, at EOS, n = 3). Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The cytotoxic effect of TiF4 and NaF on fibroblasts is influenced by the experimental model, fluoride concentration and exposure time

PubMed Central

Salomão, Priscila Maria Aranda; de Oliveira, Flávia Amadeu; Rodrigues, Paula Danielle; Al-Ahj, Luana Polioni; Gasque, Kellen Cristina da Silva; Jeggle, Pia; Buzalaf, Marilia Afonso Rabelo; de Oliveira, Rodrigo Cardoso; Edwardson, John Michael

2017-01-01

Objective Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) has shown promising effect in preventing tooth lesions. Therefore, we compared the cytotoxicity of TiF4 with sodium fluoride (NaF) (already applied in Dentistry) considering different fluoride concentrations, pH values and experimental models. Materials and methods Step 1) NIH/3T3 fibroblasts were exposed to mediums containing NaF or TiF4 (from 0.15 to 2.45% F), both at native and adjusted pH, for 6 h. Step 2) NIH/3T3 were exposed to NaF or TiF4 varnishes with 0.95, 1.95 or 2.45% F (native pH), for 6, 12 or 24 h. We applied MTT (1st and 2nd steps) and Hoescht/PI stain (2nd step) assays. Step 3) NIH/3T3 were exposed to NaF or TiF4 varnish (2.45% F), at native pH, for 6 or 12 h. The cell stiffness was measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results Step 1) All cells exposed to NaF or TiF4 mediums died, regardless of the F concentration and pH. Step 2) Both varnishes, at 1.90 and 2.45% F, reduced cell viability by similar extents (33–86% at 6 h, 35–93% at 12 h, and 87–98% at 24 h) compared with control, regardless of the type of fluoride. Varnishes with 0.95% F did not differ from control. Step 3) TiF4 and NaF reduced cell stiffness to a similar extent, but only TiF4 differed from control at 6 h. Conclusions Based on the results of the 3 experimental steps, we conclude that TiF4 and NaF have similar cytotoxicity. The cytotoxicity was dependent on F concentration and exposure time. This result gives support for testing the effect of TiF4 varnish in vivo. PMID:28614381
Immune-Enhancing Effect of Nanometric Lactobacillus plantarum nF1 (nLp-nF1) in a Mouse Model of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression.

PubMed

Choi, Dae-Woon; Jung, Sun Young; Kang, Jisu; Nam, Young-Do; Lim, Seong-Il; Kim, Ki Tae; Shin, Hee Soon

2018-02-28

Nanometric Lactobacillus plantarum nF1 (nLp-nF1) is a biogenics consisting of dead L. plantarum cells pretreated with heat and a nanodispersion process. In this study, we investigated the immune-enhancing effects of nLp-nF1 in vivo and in vitro. To evaluate the immunostimulatory effects of nLp-nF1, mice immunosuppressed by cyclophosphamide (CPP) treatment were administered with nLp-nF1. As expected, CPP restricted the immune response of mice, whereas oral administration of nLp-nF1 significantly increased the total IgG in the serum, and cytokine production (interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)) in bone marrow cells. Furthermore, nLp-nF1 enhanced the production of splenic cytokines such as IL-12, TNF-α, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ). In vitro, nLp-nF1 stimulated the immune response by enhancing the production of cytokines such as IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. Moreover, nLp-nF1 given a food additive enhanced the immune responses when combined with various food materials in vitro. These results suggest that nLp-nF1 could be used to strengthen the immune system and recover normal immunity in people with a weak immune system, such as children, the elderly, and patients.
'Caro-Tex 312’ – An F1 Hybrid, High Yielding, Multiple Disease Resistant, Orange Habanero Pepper Cultivar

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Texas A&M University and the USDA-ARS U.S. Vegetable Laboratory in Charleston, SC, have developed a new, F1 hybrid Habanero pepper cultivar. ‘Caro-Tex 312’ produces a large, orange-fruited Habanero pepper with typical shape and high pungency. It also possesses unique yield, early maturity and dise...
Sequential inhibitory control processes assessed through simultaneous EEG-fMRI.

PubMed

Baumeister, Sarah; Hohmann, Sarah; Wolf, Isabella; Plichta, Michael M; Rechtsteiner, Stefanie; Zangl, Maria; Ruf, Matthias; Holz, Nathalie; Boecker, Regina; Meyer-Lindenberg, Andreas; Holtmann, Martin; Laucht, Manfred; Banaschewski, Tobias; Brandeis, Daniel

2014-07-01

Inhibitory response control has been extensively investigated in both electrophysiological (ERP) and hemodynamic (fMRI) studies. However, very few multimodal results address the coupling of these inhibition markers. In fMRI, response inhibition has been most consistently linked to activation of the anterior insula and inferior frontal cortex (IFC), often also the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). ERP work has established increased N2 and P3 amplitudes during NoGo compared to Go conditions in most studies. Previous simultaneous EEG-fMRI imaging reported association of the N2/P3 complex with activation of areas like the anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC) and anterior insula. In this study we investigated inhibitory control in 23 healthy young adults (mean age=24.7, n=17 for EEG during fMRI) using a combined Flanker/NoGo task during simultaneous EEG and fMRI recording. Separate fMRI and ERP analysis yielded higher activation in the anterior insula, IFG and ACC as well as increased N2 and P3 amplitudes during NoGo trials in accordance with the literature. Combined analysis modelling sequential N2 and P3 effects through joint parametric modulation revealed correlation of higher N2 amplitude with deactivation in parts of the default mode network (DMN) and the cingulate motor area (CMA) as well as correlation of higher central P3 amplitude with activation of the left anterior insula, IFG and posterior cingulate. The EEG-fMRI results resolve the localizations of these sequential activations. They suggest a general role for allocation of attentional resources and motor inhibition for N2 and link memory recollection and internal reflection to P3 amplitude, in addition to previously described response inhibition as reflected by the anterior insula. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Novel and easy access to highly luminescent Eu and Tb doped ultra-small CaF2, SrF2 and BaF2 nanoparticles - structure and luminescence.

PubMed

Ritter, Benjamin; Haida, Philipp; Fink, Friedrich; Krahl, Thoralf; Gawlitza, Kornelia; Rurack, Knut; Scholz, Gudrun; Kemnitz, Erhard

2017-02-28

A universal fast and easy access at room temperature to transparent sols of nanoscopic Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ doped CaF 2 , SrF 2 and BaF 2 particles via the fluorolytic sol-gel synthesis route is presented. Monodisperse quasi-spherical nanoparticles with sizes of 3-20 nm are obtained with up to 40% rare earth doping showing red or green luminescence. In the beginning luminescence quenching effects are only observed for the highest content, which demonstrates the unique and outstanding properties of these materials. From CaF 2 :Eu10 via SrF 2 :Eu10 to BaF 2 :Eu10 a steady increase of the luminescence intensity and lifetime occurs by a factor of ≈2; the photoluminescence quantum yield increases by 29 to 35% due to the lower phonon energy of the matrix. The fast formation process of the particles within fractions of seconds is clearly visualized by exploiting appropriate luminescence processes during the synthesis. Multiply doped particles are also available by this method. Fine tuning of the luminescence properties is achieved by variation of the Ca-to-Sr ratio. Co-doping with Ce 3+ and Tb 3+ results in a huge increase (>50 times) of the green luminescence intensity due to energy transfer Ce 3+ → Tb 3+ . In this case, the luminescence intensity is higher for CaF 2 than for SrF 2 , due to a lower spatial distance of the rare earth ions.
TANK 26F SUPERNATANT AND 2F EVAPORATOR EDUCTOR PUMP SAMPLE CHARACTERIZATION RESULTS

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

King, W.; Hay, M.; Coleman, C.

2011-08-23

In an effort to understand the reasons for system plugging problems in the SRS 2F evaporator, supernatant samples were retrieved from the evaporator feed tank (Tank 26F) and solids were collected from the evaporator eductor feed pump for characterization. The variable depth supernatant samples were retrieved from Tank 26F in early December of 2010 and samples were provided to SRNL and the F/H Area laboratories for analysis. Inspection and analysis of the samples at SRNL was initiated in early March of 2011. During the interim period, samples were frequently exposed to temperatures as low as 12 C with daily temperaturemore » fluctuations as high as 10 C. The temperature at the time of sample collection from the waste tank was 51 C. Upon opening the supernatant bottles at SRNL, many brown solids were observed in both of the Tank 26F supernatant samples. In contrast, no solids were observed in the supernatant samples sent to the F/H Area laboratories, where the analysis was completed within a few days after receipt. Based on these results, it is believed that the original Tank 26F supernatant samples did not contain solids, but solids formed during the interim period while samples were stored at ambient temperature in the SRNL shielded cells without direct climate control. Many insoluble solids (>11 wt. % for one sample) were observed in the Tank 26F supernatant samples after three months of storage at SRNL which would not dissolve in the supernatant solution in two days at 51 C. Characterization of these solids along with the eductor pump solids revealed the presence of sodium oxalate and clarkeite (uranyl oxyhydroxide) as major crystalline phases. Sodium nitrate was the dominant crystalline phase present in the unwashed Eductor Pump solids. Crystalline sodium nitrate may have formed during the drying of the solids after filtration or may have been formed in the Tank 26F supernatant during storage since the solution was found to be very concentrated (9-12 M Na
Detection of Hearing Loss Using 2f2-f1 and 2f1-f2 Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fitzgerald, Tracy S.; Prieve, Beth A.

2005-01-01

Although many distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) may be measured in the ear canal in response to 2 pure tone stimuli, the majority of clinical studies have focused exclusively on the DPOAE at the frequency 2f1-f2. This study investigated another DPOAE, 2f2-f1, in an attempt to determine the following: (a) the optimal stimulus…
Proton irradiation of [18O]O2: production of [18F]F2 and [18F]F2 + [18F] OF2.

PubMed

Bishop, A; Satyamurthy, N; Bida, G; Hendry, G; Phelps, M; Barrio, J R

1996-04-01

The production of 18F electrophilic reagents via the 18O(p,n)18F reaction has been investigated in small-volume target bodies made of aluminum, copper, gold-plated copper and nickel, having straight or conical bore shapes. Three irradiation protocols-single-step, two-step and modified two-step-were used for the recovery of the 18F activity. The single-step irradiation protocol was tested in all the target bodies. Based on the single-step performance, aluminum targets were utilized extensively in the investigation of the two-step and modified two-step irradiation protocols. With an 11-MeV cyclotron and using the two-step irradiation protocol, > 1Ci [18F]F2 was recovered reproducibly from an aluminum target body. Probable radical mechanisms for the formation of OF2 and FONO2 (fluorine nitrate) in the single-step and modified two-step targets are proposed based on the amount of ozone generated and the nitrogen impurity present in the target gases, respectively.
Increased frequency of co-existing JAK2 exon-12 or MPL exon-10 mutations in patients with low JAK2(V617F) allelic burden.

PubMed

Nussenzveig, Roberto H; Pham, Ha T; Perkins, Sherrie L; Prchal, Josef T; Agarwal, Archana M; Salama, Mohamed E

2016-01-01

The frequency of co-existing JAK2(V617F)/MPL and JAK2(V617F)/JAK2 exon-12 mutations has not been previously investigated in MPNs. Poor survival was reported in primary myelofibrosis with low JAK2(V617F) allelic burden. However, mutational status of JAK2 exon-12 or MPL were not reported in these patients. This study developed a cost-effective multiplex high resolution melt assay that screens for mutations in JAK2 gene exons-12 and -14 ((V617F)) and MPL gene exon-10. Co-existing mutations with JAK2(V617F) were detected in 2.9% (6/208; two JAK2 exon-12 and four MPL exon-10) patient specimens with known JAK2(V617F) (allelic-burden range: 0.1-96.8%). Co-existing mutations were detected in specimens with < 12% JAK2(V617F) allelic burden. Current WHO guidelines do not recommend further testing once JAK2(V617F) mutation is detected in MPNs. The findings, however, indicate that quantification of JAK2(V617F) allele burden may be clinically relevant in MPNs and in those with low allelic burden additional testing for JAK2 exon-12 and MPL exon-10 mutation should be pursued.
Combined use of (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FMISO in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer patients planned for radiotherapy: a dynamic PET/CT study.

PubMed

Sachpekidis, Christos; Thieke, Christian; Askoxylakis, Vasileios; Nicolay, Nils H; Huber, Peter E; Thomas, Michael; Dimitrakopoulou, Georgia; Debus, Juergen; Haberkorn, Uwe; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia

2015-01-01

Aim of this study was to evaluate and compare, by means of dynamic and static PET/CT, the distribution patterns and pharmacokinetics of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and of fluorine-18-fluoromisonidazole ((18)F-FMISO) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients scheduled for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Thirteen patients suffering from inoperable stage III NSCLC underwent PET/CTs with (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FMISO for tumor metabolism and hypoxia assessment accordingly. Evaluation of PET/CT studies was based on visual analysis, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations and absolute quantitative estimations, after application of a two-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach. (18)F-FDG PET/CT revealed all thirteen primary lung tumors as sites of increased (18)F-FDG uptake. Six patients demonstrated also in total 43 (18)F-FDG avid metastases; these patients were excluded from radiotherapy. (18)F-MISO PET/CT demonstrated 12/13 primary lung tumors with faint tracer uptake. Only one tumor was clearly (18)F-FMISO avid, (SUVaverage = 3.4, SUVmax = 5.0). Mean values for (18)F-FDG, as derived from dPET/CT data, were SUVaverage = 8.9, SUVmax = 15.1, K1 = 0.23, k2 = 0.53, k3 = 0.17, k4 = 0.02, influx = 0.05 and fractal dimension (FD) = 1.25 for the primary tumors. The respective values for (18)F-FMISO were SUVaverage = 1.4, SUVmax = 2.2, K1 = 0.26, k2 = 0.56, k3 = 0.06, k4 = 0.06, influx = 0.02 and FD = 1.14. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the two tracers. (18)F-FDG PET/CT changed therapy management in six patients, by excluding them from planned IMRT. (18)F-FMISO PET/CT revealed absence of significant tracer uptake in the majority of the (18)F-FDG avid NSCLCs. Lack of correlation between the two tracers' kinetics indicates that they reflect different molecular mechanisms and implies the discordance between increased glycolysis and hypoxia in the malignancy.
Combined use of 18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO in unresectable non-small cell lung cancer patients planned for radiotherapy: a dynamic PET/CT study

PubMed Central

Sachpekidis, Christos; Thieke, Christian; Askoxylakis, Vasileios; Nicolay, Nils H; Huber, Peter E; Thomas, Michael; Dimitrakopoulou, Georgia; Debus, Juergen; Haberkorn, Uwe; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia

2015-01-01

Aim of this study was to evaluate and compare, by means of dynamic and static PET/CT, the distribution patterns and pharmacokinetics of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and of fluorine-18-fluoromisonidazole (18F-FMISO) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients scheduled for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Thirteen patients suffering from inoperable stage III NSCLC underwent PET/CTs with 18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO for tumor metabolism and hypoxia assessment accordingly. Evaluation of PET/CT studies was based on visual analysis, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations and absolute quantitative estimations, after application of a two-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach. 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed all thirteen primary lung tumors as sites of increased 18F-FDG uptake. Six patients demonstrated also in total 43 18F-FDG avid metastases; these patients were excluded from radiotherapy. 18F-MISO PET/CT demonstrated 12/13 primary lung tumors with faint tracer uptake. Only one tumor was clearly 18F-FMISO avid, (SUVaverage = 3.4, SUVmax = 5.0). Mean values for 18F-FDG, as derived from dPET/CT data, were SUVaverage = 8.9, SUVmax = 15.1, K1 = 0.23, k2 = 0.53, k3 = 0.17, k4 = 0.02, influx = 0.05 and fractal dimension (FD) = 1.25 for the primary tumors. The respective values for 18F-FMISO were SUVaverage = 1.4, SUVmax = 2.2, K1 = 0.26, k2 = 0.56, k3 = 0.06, k4 = 0.06, influx = 0.02 and FD = 1.14. No statistically significant correlation was observed between the two tracers. 18F-FDG PET/CT changed therapy management in six patients, by excluding them from planned IMRT. 18F-FMISO PET/CT revealed absence of significant tracer uptake in the majority of the 18F-FDG avid NSCLCs. Lack of correlation between the two tracers’ kinetics indicates that they reflect different molecular mechanisms and implies the discordance between increased glycolysis and hypoxia in the malignancy. PMID:25973334
Ground-recorded sonic boom signatures of F-18 aircraft formation flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bahm, Catherine M.; Haering, Edward A., Jr.

1995-01-01

Two F-18 aircraft were flown, one above the other, in two formations, in order for the shock systems of the two aircraft to merge and propagate to the ground. The first formation had the canopy of the lower F-18 in the inlet shock of the upper F-18 (called inlet-canopy). The flight conditions were Mach 1.22 and an altitude of 23,500 ft. An array of five sonic boom recorders was used on the ground to record the sonic boom signatures. This paper describes the flight test technique and the ground level sonic boom signatures. The tail-canopy formation resulted in two, separated, N-wave signatures. Such signatures probably resulted from aircraft positioning error. The inlet-canopy formation yielded a single modified signature; two recorders measured an approximate flattop signature. Loudness calculations indicated that the single inlet-canopy signatures were quieter than the two, separated tail-canopy signatures. Significant loudness occurs after a sonic boom signature. Such loudness probably comes from the aircraft engines.
A fully-automated one-pot synthesis of [18F]fluoromethylcholine with reduced dimethylaminoethanol contamination via [18F]fluoromethyl tosylate.

PubMed

Rodnick, Melissa E; Brooks, Allen F; Hockley, Brian G; Henderson, Bradford D; Scott, Peter J H

2013-08-01

A novel one-pot method for preparing [(18)F]fluoromethylcholine ([(18)F]FCH) via in situ generation of [(18)F]fluoromethyl tosylate ([(18)F]FCH2OTs), and subsequent [(18)F]fluoromethylation of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE), has been developed. [(18)F]FCH was prepared using a GE TRACERlab FXFN, although the method should be readily adaptable to any other fluorine-(18) synthesis module. Initially ditosylmethane was fluorinated to generate [(18)F]FCH2OTs. DMAE was then added and the reaction was heated at 120 °C for 10 min to generate [(18)F]FCH. After this time, reaction solvent was evaporated, and the crude reaction mixture was purified by solid-phase extraction using C(18)-Plus and CM-Light Sep-Pak cartridges to provide [(18)F]FCH formulated in USP saline. The formulated product was passed through a 0.22 µm filter into a sterile dose vial, and submitted for quality control testing. Total synthesis time was 1.25 h from end-of-bombardment. Typical non-decay-corrected yields of [(18)F]FCH prepared using this method were 91 mCi (7% non-decay corrected based upon ~1.3 Ci [(18)F]fluoride), and doses passed all other quality control (QC) tests. A one-pot liquid-phase synthesis of [(18)F]FCH has been developed. Doses contain extremely low levels of residual DMAE (31.6 µg/10 mL dose or ~3 ppm) and passed all other requisite QC testing, confirming their suitability for use in clinical imaging studies. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Fully-automated One-pot Synthesis of [18F]Fluoromethylcholine with Reduced Dimethylaminoethanol Contamination via [18F]Fluoromethyl Tosylate

PubMed Central

Rodnick, Melissa E.; Brooks, Allen F.; Hockley, Brian G.; Henderson, Bradford D.; Scott, Peter J. H.

2013-01-01

Introduction A novel one-pot method for preparing [18F]fluoromethylcholine ([18F]FCH) via in situ generation of [18F]fluoromethyl tosylate ([18F]FCH2OTs), and subsequent [18F]fluoromethylation of dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE), has been developed. Methods [18F]FCH was prepared using a GE TRACERlab FXFN, although the method should be readily adaptable to any other fluorine-18 synthesis module. Initially ditosylmethane was fluorinated to generate [18F]FCH2OTs. DMAE was then added and the reaction was heated at 120°C for 10 min to generate [18F]FCH. After this time, reaction solvent was evaporated, and the crude reaction mixture was purified by solid-phase extraction using C18-Plus and CM-Light Sep-Pak cartridges to provide [18F]FCH formulated in USP saline. The formulated product was passed through a 0.22 μm filter into a sterile dose vial, and submitted for quality control testing. Total synthesis time was 1.25 hours from end-of-bombardment. Results Typical non-decay-corrected yields of [18F]FCH prepared using this method were 91 mCi (7% non-decay corrected based upon ~1.3 Ci [18F]fluoride), and doses passed all other quality control (QC) tests. Conclusion A one-pot liquid-phase synthesis of [18F]FCH has been developed. Doses contain extremely low levels of residual DMAE (31.6 μg / 10 mL dose or ~3 ppm) and passed all other requisite QC testing, confirming their suitability for use in clinical imaging studies. PMID:23665261
Imaging proliferation in brain tumors with 18F-FLT PET: comparison with 18F-FDG.

PubMed

Chen, Wei; Cloughesy, Timothy; Kamdar, Nirav; Satyamurthy, Nagichettiar; Bergsneider, Marvin; Liau, Linda; Mischel, Paul; Czernin, Johannes; Phelps, Michael E; Silverman, Daniel H S

2005-06-01

3'-Deoxy-3'-(18)F-fluorothymidine ((18)F-FLT) is a recently developed PET tracer to image tumor cell proliferation. We characterized (18)F-FLT PET of brain gliomas and compared (18)F-FLT with (18)F-FDG PET in side-by-side studies of the same patients. Twenty-five patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated glioma underwent PET with (18)F-FLT and (18)F-FDG on consecutive days. Three stable patients in long-term remission were included as negative control subjects. Tracer kinetics in normal brain and tumor were measured. Uptake of (18)F-FLT and (18)F-FDG was quantified by the standardized uptake value (SUV) and the tumor-to-normal tissue (T/N) ratio. The accuracy of (18)F-FLT and (18)F-FDG PET in evaluating newly diagnosed and recurrent gliomas was compared. More than half of the patients underwent resection after the PET study and correlations between PET uptake and the Ki-67 proliferation index were examined. Patients were monitored for a mean of 15.4 mo (range, 12-20 mo). The predictive power of PET for tumor progression and survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier statistics. (18)F-FLT uptake in tumors was rapid, peaking at 5-10 min after injection and remaining stable up to 75 min. Hence, a 30-min scan beginning at 5 min after injection was sufficient for imaging. (18)F-FLT visualized all high-grade (grade III or IV) tumors. Grade II tumor did not show appreciable (18)F-FLT uptake and neither did the stable lesions. The absolute uptake of (18)F-FLT was low (maximum-pixel SUV [SUV(max)], 1.33) but image contrast was better than with (18)F-FDG (T/N ratio, 3.85 vs. 1.49). (18)F-FDG PET studies were negative in 5 patients with recurrent high-grade glioma who subsequently suffered tumor progression within 1-3 mo. (18)F-FLT SUV(max) correlated more strongly with Ki-67 index (r = 0.84; P < 0.0001) than (18)F-FDG SUV(max) (r = 0.51; P = 0.07). (18)F-FLT uptake also had more significant predictive power with respect to tumor progression and survival (P = 0
Promoting acid resistance and nisin yield of Lactococcus lactis F44 by genetically increasing D-Asp amidation level inside cell wall.

PubMed

Hao, Panlong; Liang, Dongmei; Cao, Lijie; Qiao, Bin; Wu, Hao; Caiyin, Qinggele; Zhu, Hongji; Qiao, Jianjun

2017-08-01

Nisin fermentation by Lactococcus lactis requires a low pH to maintain a relatively higher nisin activity. However, the acidic environment will result in cell arrest, and eventually decrease the relative nisin production. Hence, constructing an acid-resistant L. lactis is crucial for nisin harvest in acidic nisin fermentation. In this paper, the first discovery of the relationship between D-Asp amidation-associated gene (asnH) and acid resistance was reported. Overexpression of asnH in L. lactis F44 (F44A) resulted in a sevenfold increase in survival capacity during acid shift (pH 3) and enhanced nisin desorption capacity compared to F44 (wild type), which subsequently contributed to higher nisin production, reaching 5346 IU/mL, 57.0% more than that of F44 in the fed-batch fermentation. Furthermore, the engineered F44A showed a moderate increase in D-Asp amidation level (from 82 to 92%) compared to F44. The concomitant decrease of the negative charge inside the cell wall was detected by a newly developed method based on the nisin adsorption amount onto cell surface. Meanwhile, peptidoglycan cross-linkage increased from 36.8% (F44) to 41.9% (F44A), and intracellular pH can be better maintained by blocking extracellular H + due to the maintenance of peptidoglycan integrity, which probably resulted from the action of inhibiting hydrolases activity. The inference was further supported by the acmC-overexpression strain F44C, which was characterized by uncontrolled peptidoglycan hydrolase activity. Our results provided a novel strategy for enhancing nisin yield through cell wall remodeling, which contributed to both continuous nisin synthesis and less nisin adsorption in acidic fermentation (dual enhancement).
Critical frequencies of the ionospheric F1 and F2 layers during the last four solar cycles: Sunspot group type dependencies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yiǧit, Erdal; Kilcik, Ali; Elias, Ana Georgina; Dönmez, Burçin; Ozguc, Atila; Yurchshyn, Vasyl; Rozelot, Jean-Pierre

2018-06-01

The long term solar activity dependencies of ionospheric F1 and F2 regions' critical frequencies (f0F1 and f0F2) are analyzed for the last four solar cycles (1976-2015). We show that the ionospheric F1 and F2 regions have different solar activity dependencies in terms of the sunspot group (SG) numbers: F1 region critical frequency (f0F1) peaks at the same time with the small SG numbers, while the f0F2 reaches its maximum at the same time with the large SG numbers, especially during the solar cycle 23. The observed differences in the sensitivity of ionospheric critical frequencies to sunspot group (SG) numbers provide a new insight into the solar activity effects on the ionosphere and space weather. While the F1 layer is influenced by the slow solar wind, which is largely associated with small SGs, the ionospheric F2 layer is more sensitive to Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and fast solar winds, which are mainly produced by large SGs and coronal holes. The SG numbers maximize during of peak of the solar cycle and the number of coronal holes peaks during the sunspot declining phase. During solar minimum there are relatively less large SGs, hence reduced CME and flare activity. These results provide a new perspective for assessing how the different regions of the ionosphere respond to space weather effects.
Evaluation of two new STR loci 9q2h2 and wg3f12 in a Japanese population.

PubMed

Mizutani, M; Huang, X L; Tamaki, K; Yoshimoto, T; Uchihi, R; Yamamoto, T; Katsumata, Y; Armour, J A

1999-09-01

Two short tandem repeat (STR) loci (9q2h2 and wg3f12) have been evaluated in a Japanese population. Ten and seven different alleles were observed in 9q2h2 and wg3f12 respectively. 9q2h2 displayed simple polymorphism in tetrameric repeat structure; by contrast, wg3f12 contained variable numbers of tetrameric repeats and a 30-bp deletion/insertion polymorphism. No "interalleles" were found. The expected heterozygosities of 9q2h2 and wg3fl2 were 0.749 and 0.574, respectively. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found.
New metabolites in the degradation of fluorene by Arthrobacter sp. strain F101.

PubMed

Casellas, M; Grifoll, M; Bayona, J M; Solanas, A M

1997-03-01

Identification of new metabolites and demonstration of key enzyme activities support and extend the pathways previously reported for fluorene metabolism by Arthrobacter sp. strain F101. Washed-cell suspensions of strain F101 with fluorene accumulated 9-fluorenone, 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone, 3-hydroxy-1-indanone, 1-indanone, 2-indanone, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and a compound tentatively identified as a formyl indanone. Incubations with 2-indanone produced 3-isochromanone. The growth yield with fluorene as a sole source of carbon and energy corresponded to an assimilation of about 34% of fluorene carbon. About 7.4% was transformed into 9-fluorenol, 9-fluorenone, and 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone. Crude extracts from fluorene-induced cells showed 3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activities. These results and biodegradation experiments with the identified metabolites indicate that metabolism of fluorene by Arthrobacter sp. strain F101 proceeds through three independent pathways. Two productive routes are initiated by dioxygenation at positions 1,2 and 3,4, respectively. meta cleavage followed by an aldolase reaction and loss of C-1 yield the detected indanones. Subsequent biological Baeyer-Villiger reactions produce the aromatic lactones 3,4-dihydrocoumarin and 3-isochromanone. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the former gives 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, which could be a substrate for a beta oxidation cycle, to give salicylate. Further oxidation of the latter via catechol and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde connects with the central metabolism, allowing the utilization of all fluorene carbons. Identification of 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone is consistent with an alternative pathway initiated by monooxygenation at C-9 to give 9-fluorenol and then 9-fluorenone. Although dioxygenation at 3,4 positions of the ketone apparently occurs, this reaction fails to furnish a subsequent productive oxidation of this compound.
New metabolites in the degradation of fluorene by Arthrobacter sp. strain F101.

PubMed Central

Casellas, M; Grifoll, M; Bayona, J M; Solanas, A M

1997-01-01

Identification of new metabolites and demonstration of key enzyme activities support and extend the pathways previously reported for fluorene metabolism by Arthrobacter sp. strain F101. Washed-cell suspensions of strain F101 with fluorene accumulated 9-fluorenone, 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone, 3-hydroxy-1-indanone, 1-indanone, 2-indanone, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and a compound tentatively identified as a formyl indanone. Incubations with 2-indanone produced 3-isochromanone. The growth yield with fluorene as a sole source of carbon and energy corresponded to an assimilation of about 34% of fluorene carbon. About 7.4% was transformed into 9-fluorenol, 9-fluorenone, and 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone. Crude extracts from fluorene-induced cells showed 3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activities. These results and biodegradation experiments with the identified metabolites indicate that metabolism of fluorene by Arthrobacter sp. strain F101 proceeds through three independent pathways. Two productive routes are initiated by dioxygenation at positions 1,2 and 3,4, respectively. meta cleavage followed by an aldolase reaction and loss of C-1 yield the detected indanones. Subsequent biological Baeyer-Villiger reactions produce the aromatic lactones 3,4-dihydrocoumarin and 3-isochromanone. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the former gives 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, which could be a substrate for a beta oxidation cycle, to give salicylate. Further oxidation of the latter via catechol and 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde connects with the central metabolism, allowing the utilization of all fluorene carbons. Identification of 4-hydroxy-9-fluorenone is consistent with an alternative pathway initiated by monooxygenation at C-9 to give 9-fluorenol and then 9-fluorenone. Although dioxygenation at 3,4 positions of the ketone apparently occurs, this reaction fails to furnish a subsequent productive oxidation of this compound. PMID:9055403

Sulfonyl fluoride-based prosthetic compounds as potential 18F labelling agents.

PubMed

Inkster, James A H; Liu, Kate; Ait-Mohand, Samia; Schaffer, Paul; Guérin, Brigitte; Ruth, Thomas J; Storr, Tim

2012-08-27

Nucleophilic incorporation of [(18)F]F(-) under aqueous conditions holds several advantages in radiopharmaceutical development, especially with the advent of complex biological pharmacophores. Sulfonyl fluorides can be prepared in water at room temperature, yet they have not been assayed as a potential means to (18)F-labelled biomarkers for PET chemistry. We developed a general route to prepare bifunctional 4-formyl-, 3-formyl-, 4-maleimido- and 4-oxylalkynl-arylsulfonyl [(18)F]fluorides from their sulfonyl chloride analogues in 1:1 mixtures of acetonitrile, THF, or tBuOH and Cs[(18)F]F/Cs(2)CO(3(aq.)) in a reaction time of 15 min at room temperature. With the exception of 4-N-maleimide-benzenesulfonyl fluoride (3), pyridine could be used to simplify radiotracer purification by selectively degrading the precursor without significantly affecting observed yields. The addition of pyridine at the start of [(18)F]fluorination (1:1:0.8 tBuOH/Cs(2)CO(3(aq.))/pyridine) did not negatively affect yields of 3-formyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonyl [(18)F]fluoride (2) and dramatically improved the yields of 4-(prop-2-ynyloxy)benzenesulfonyl [(18)F]fluoride (4). The N-arylsulfonyl-4-dimethylaminopyridinium derivative of 4 (14) can be prepared and incorporates (18)F efficiently in solutions of 100 % aqueous Cs(2)CO(3) (10 mg mL(-1)). As proof-of-principle, [(18)F]2 was synthesised in a preparative fashion [88(±8) % decay corrected (n=6) from start-of-synthesis] and used to radioactively label an oxyamino-modified bombesin(6-14) analogue [35(±6) % decay corrected (n=4) from start-of-synthesis]. Total preparation time was 105-109 min from start-of-synthesis. Although the (18)F-peptide exhibited evidence of proteolytic defluorination and modification, our study is the first step in developing an aqueous, room temperature (18)F labelling strategy. Copyright © 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Diffusion and the dynamics of displacive phase transitions in cryolite (Na3AlF6) and chiolite (Na5Al3F14): Multi-nuclear NMR studies

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Spearing, Dane R.; Stebbins, Jonathan F.; Farnan, Ian

1994-10-01

Cryolite is a mixed-cation perovskite (Na2(NaAl)F6) which undergoes a monoclinic to orthorhombic displacive phase transition at ˜550° C. Chiolite (Na5Al3F14) is associated with cryolite in natural deposits, and consists of sheets of corner sharing [AlF6] octahedra interlayered with edge-sharing [NaF6] octahedra. Multi-nuclear NMR line shape and relaxation time (T1) studies were performed on cryolite and chiolite in order to gain a better understanding of the atomic motions associated with the phase transition in cryolite, and Na diffusion in cryolite and chiolite. 27Al, 23Na, and 19F static NMR spectra and T1's in cryolite suggest that oscillatory motions of the [AlF6] octahedra among four micro-twin and anti-phase domains in α-cryolite begin at least 150° C below the transition temperature and persist above it. Variable temperature 23Na MAS NMR further indicates diffusional exchange at a rate of at least 13 kHz between the Na sites by the time the transition temperature is reached. 27Al and 23Na T1's show the same behavior with increasing temperature, indicating the same relaxation mechanisms are responsible for both. The first order nature of the cryolite transition is apparent as a jump in the 23Na and 27Al T1's. Above the transition temperature, the T1's decrease slightly indicating that the motions responsible for the drop in T1, are still present above the transition, further supporting the dynamic nature of the high temperature phase of cryolite. Chiolite 23Na static spectra decrease in linewidth with increasing temperature, indicating increased Na diffusion, which is interpreted as occurring within the [NaF6] sheets in the chiolite structure, but not between the two different Na sites. 27Al and 23Na T1's show similar behavior as in cryolite, but there is no discontinuity due to a phase transition. 19F T1's are constant from room temperature to 150° C indicating no oscillatory motion of the [AlF6] octahedra in chiolite.
Synthesis, Bioconjugation and Stability Studies of [18 F] Ethenesulfonyl Fluoride.

PubMed

Zhang, Bo; Pascali, Giancarlo; Wyatt, Naomi; Matesic, Lidia; Klenner, Mitchell A; Sia, Tiffany R; Guastella, Adam J; Massi, Massimiliano; Robinson, Andrea J; Fraser, Benjamin H

2018-06-20

Fluorine-18 labelled prosthetic groups (PGs) are often necessary for radiolabelling sensitive biological molecules such as peptides and proteins. Several shortcomings, however, often diminish the final yield of radiotracer. In an attempt to provide higher yielding and operationally efficient tools for radiolabelling biological molecules, we describe herein the first radiochemical synthesis of [ 18 F] ethenesulfonylfluoride ([ 18 F] ESF) and its Michael conjugation with amino acids and proteins. The synthesis of [ 18 F] ESF was optimised using a microfluidic reactor under both carrier-added (c.a.) and no-carrier-added (n.c.a.) conditions, affording, in a straightforward procedure, 30-50% radiochemical yield (RCY) for c.a. [ 18 F] ESF and 60-70% RCY for n.c.a. [ 18 F] ESF. The conjugation reactions were performed at room temperature using 10 mg/mL precursor in aqueous/organic solvent mixtures for 15 min. The radiochemical stability of the final conjugates was evaluated in injectable formulation and rat serum, and resulted strongly substrate dependent and generally poor in rat serum. Therefore, in this work we have optimised a straightforward synthesis of [ 18 F] ESF and its Michael conjugation with model compounds, without requiring chromatographic purification. However, given the general low stability of the final products, further studies will be required for improving conjugate stability, before assessing the use of this PG for PET imaging. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Vaccinia virus proteins A36 and F12/E2 show strong preferences for different kinesin light chain isoforms.

PubMed

Gao, William N D; Carpentier, David C J; Ewles, Helen A; Lee, Stacey-Ann; Smith, Geoffrey L

2017-08-01

Vaccinia virus (VACV) utilizes microtubule-mediated trafficking at several stages of its life cycle, of which virus egress is the most intensely studied. During egress VACV proteins A36, F12 and E2 are involved in kinesin-1 interactions; however, the roles of these proteins remain poorly understood. A36 forms a direct link between virions and kinesin-1, yet in its absence VACV egress still occurs on microtubules. During a co-immunoprecipitation screen to seek an alternative link between virions and kinesin, A36 was found to bind isoform KLC1 rather than KLC2. The F12/E2 complex associates preferentially with the C-terminal tail of KLC2, to a region that overlaps the binding site of cellular 14-3-3 proteins. F12/E2 displaces 14-3-3 from KLC and, unlike 14-3-3, does not require phosphorylation of KLC for its binding. The region determining the KLC1 specificity of A36 was mapped to the KLC N-terminal heptad repeat region that is responsible for its association with kinesin heavy chain. Despite these differing binding properties F12/E2 can co-operatively enhance A36 association with KLC, particularly when using a KLC1-KLC2 chimaera that resembles several KLC1 spliceforms and can bind A36 and F12/E2 efficiently. This is the first example of a pathogen encoding multiple proteins that co-operatively associate with kinesin-1. © 2017 The Authors. Traffic published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Prevalence of direct-reaction mechanism in a deeply inelastic reaction, /sup 197/Au(/sup 19/F,/sup 12/B)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ishihara, M.; Shimoda, T.; Froehlich, H.

1979-07-09

Continuum cross sections and spin polarizations of /sup 12/B produced in the reaction /sup 197/Au(/sup 19/F,/sup 12/B) induced by 186-MeV/sup 19/F were measured. The observed data were reproduced very well in terms of a distorted-wave Born-approximation theory, indicating that this reaction transferring as many as seven nucleons proceeds as a direct process.
Estrogen and progesterone decrease let-7f microRNA expression and increase IL-23/IL-23 receptor signaling and IL-17A production in patients with severe asthma.

PubMed

Newcomb, Dawn C; Cephus, Jacqueline Yvonne; Boswell, Madison G; Fahrenholz, John M; Langley, Emily W; Feldman, Amy S; Zhou, Weisong; Dulek, Daniel E; Goleniewska, Kasia; Woodward, Kimberly B; Sevin, Carla M; Hamilton, Robert G; Kolls, Jay K; Peebles, R Stokes

2015-10-01

Women have an increased prevalence of severe asthma compared with men. IL-17A is associated with severe asthma and requires IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) signaling, which is negatively regulated by let-7f microRNA. We sought to Determine the mechanism by which 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) increase IL-17A production. IL-17A production was determined by using flow cytometry in TH17 cells from women (n = 14) and men (n = 15) with severe asthma. Cytokine levels were measured by using ELISA, and IL-23R and let-7f expression was measured by using quantitative PCR in TH17-differentiated cells from healthy women (n = 13) and men (n = 14). In sham-operated or ovariectomized female mice, 17β-E2, P4, 17β-E2+P4, or vehicle pellets were administered for 3 weeks before ex vivo TH17 cell differentiation. Airway neutrophil infiltration and CXCL1 (KC) expression were also determined in ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged wild-type female recipient mice with an adoptive transfer of OVA-specific TH17 cells from female and male mice. In patients with severe asthma and healthy control subjects, IL-17A production was increased in TH17 cells from women compared with men. IL-23R expression was increased and let-7f expression was decreased in TH17-differentiated cells from women compared with men. In ovariectomized mice IL-17A and IL-23R expression was increased and Let-7f expression was decreased in TH17 cells from mice administered 17β-E2+P4 compared with those administered vehicle. Furthermore, transfer of female OVA-specific TH17 cells increased acute neutrophil infiltration in the lungs of OVA-challenged recipient mice compared with transfer of male OVA-specific TH17 cells. 17β-E2+P4 increased IL-17A production from TH17 cells, providing a potential mechanism for the increased prevalence of severe asthma in women compared with men. Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Generation of (F+2)_AH Centres in Sodium Ion Doped KCl:CO^{2-3}

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Diaf, M.; Chihi, I.; Hamaïdia, A.; Akrmi, El.

1996-01-01

We demonstrate that (F+2)AH centres of KCl may be obtained from crystals doped with K{2}CO{3} and NaCl, grown by the Czochralski method in open atmosphere. The optical properties of (F+2)AH centres thus produced are exactly the same as those of (F+2)AH centres prepared by the usual technique, which involves superoxide doping and a controlled atmosphere. Nous montrons que les centres (F+2)AH de KCl peuvent être obtenus à partir de cristaux dopés par K{2}CO{3} et NaCl, fabriqués par la méthode de Czochralski à l'air libre. Les propriétés optiques des centres (F+2)AH ainsi produits sont exactement les mêmes que celles des centres (F+2)AH préparés par la technique habituelle, qui comporte le dopage par un superoxyde et l'emploi d'une atmosphère contrôlée.
Qualitative analysis of ionospheric disorders in Solok earthquake (March 6, 2007) viewed from anomalous critical frequency of layer F (f0F2) and genesis spread F

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pujiastuti, D.; Daniati, S.; Taufiqurrahman, E.; Mustafa, B.; Ednofri

2018-03-01

A qualitative analysis has been conducted by comparing the critical frequency anomalies of layer F (f0F2) and Spread F events to see the correlation with seismic activity before the Solok earthquake (March 6, 2007) in West Sumatra. The ionospherics data used was taken using the FMCW ionosonde at LAPAN SPD Kototabang, Palupuah, West Sumatra. The process of ionogramme scaling is done first to get the daily value of f0F2. The value of f0F2 is then compared with its monthly median to see the daily variations that appear. Anomalies of f0F2 and Spread F events were observed from February 20, 2007 to March 6, 2007. The presence of f0F2 anomalies was the negative deviation and the presence of Spread F before earthquake events were recommended as Solok earthquake precursors as they occurred when geomagneticsics and solar activities were normal.
Test-Retest Reliability of Memory Task fMRI in Alzheimer’s Disease Clinical Trials

PubMed Central

Atri, Alireza; O’Brien, Jacqueline L.; Sreenivasan, Aishwarya; Rastegar, Sarah; Salisbury, Sibyl; DeLuca, Amy N.; O’Keefe, Kelly M.; LaViolette, Peter S.; Rentz, Dorene M.; Locascio, Joseph J.; Sperling, Reisa A.

2012-01-01

Objective To examine feasibility and test-retest reliability of encoding-task functional MRI (fMRI) in mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Design Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled (RCT) study. Setting Memory clinical trials unit. Participants Twelve subjects with mild AD (MMSE 24.0±0.7, CDR 1), on >6 months stable donepezil, from the placebo-arm of a larger 24-week (n=24, four scans on weeks 0,6,12,24) study. Interventions Placebo and three face-name paired-associate encoding, block-design BOLD-fMRI scans in 12 weeks. Main Outcomes Whole-brain t-maps (p<0.001, 5-contiguous voxels) and hippocampal regions-of-interest (ROI) analyses of extent (EXT, %voxels active) and magnitude (MAG, %signal change) for Novel-greater-than-Repeated (N>R) face-name contrasts. Calculation of Intraclass Correlations (ICC) and power estimates for hippocampal ROIs. Results Task-tolerability and data yield were high (95 of 96 scans yield good quality data). Whole-brain maps were stable. Right and left hippocampal ROI ICCs were 0.59–0.87 and 0.67–0.74, respectively. To detect 25–50% changes in 0–12 week hippocampal activity using L/R-EXT or R-MAG with 80% power (2-sided-α=0.05) requires 14–51 subjects. Using L-MAG requires >125 subjects due to relatively small signals to variance ratios. Conclusions Encoding-task fMRI was successfully implemented in a single-site, 24-week, AD RCT. Week 0–12 whole-brain t-maps were stable and test-retest reliability of hippocampal fMRI measures ranged from moderate to substantial. Right hippocampal-MAG may be the most promising of these candidate measures in a leveraged context. These initial estimates of test-retest reliability and power justify evaluation of encoding-task fMRI as a potential biomarker for “signal-of-effect” in exploratory and proof-of-concept trials in mild AD. Validation of these results with larger sample sizes and assessment in multi-site studies is warranted. PMID:21555634
Chaperones of F[subscript 1]-ATPase

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ludlam, Anthony; Brunzelle, Joseph; Pribyl, Thomas

2009-09-25

Mitochondrial F{sub 1}-ATPase contains a hexamer of alternating {alpha} and {beta} subunits. The assembly of this structure requires two specialized chaperones, Atp11p and Atp12p, that bind transiently to {beta} and {alpha}. In the absence of Atp11p and Atp12p, the hexamer is not formed, and {alpha} and {beta} precipitate as large insoluble aggregates. An early model for the mechanism of chaperone-mediated F{sub 1} assembly (Wang, Z. G., Sheluho, D., Gatti, D. L., and Ackerman, S. H. (2000) EMBO J. 19, 1486--1493) hypothesized that the chaperones themselves look very much like the {alpha} and {beta} subunits, and proposed an exchange of Atp11pmore » for {alpha} and of Atp12p for {beta}; the driving force for the exchange was expected to be a higher affinity of {alpha} and {beta} for each other than for the respective chaperone partners. One important feature of this model was the prediction that as long as Atp11p is bound to {beta} and Atp12p is bound to {alpha}, the two F{sub 1} subunits cannot interact at either the catalytic site or the noncatalytic site interface. Here we present the structures of Atp11p from Candida glabrata and Atp12p from Paracoccus denitrificans, and we show that some features of the Wang model are correct, namely that binding of the chaperones to {alpha} and {beta} prevents further interactions between these F1 subunits. However, Atp11p and Atp12p do not resemble {alpha} or {beta}, and it is instead the F{sub 1} {gamma} subunit that initiates the release of the chaperones from {alpha} and {beta} and their further assembly into the mature complex.« less
F-86 Sabre on lakebed, front view

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1954-01-01

With the NACA High-Speed Flight Station (HSFS) main building (4800) in the background the North American F-86F (Serial #52-5426) Sabre sits on the Rogers Dry lakebed just off the NACA ramp in 1954. This was soon after the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics unit moved from South Base at Edwards Air Force Base to the new building that still houses the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, successor to the HSFS. The F-86F performed both pitch-up research and duties as a chase aircraft for the D-558-2. Its stay at the HSFS was brief. It arrived on June 23, 1954, and left on September 10 the same year. The F-86 had a 35 degree sweptwing and a wing span of 37 feet 1 inch with a General Electric J47-GE engine. It was the first U.S. sweptwing fighter and saw extensive action in the Korean War. It could slightly exceed Mach 1 in a dive.
Ca(5)Zr(3)F(22).

PubMed

Oudahmane, Abdelghani; El-Ghozzi, Malika; Avignant, Daniel

2012-04-01

Single crystals of Ca(5)Zr(3)F(22), penta-calcium trizirconium docosafluoride, were obtained unexpectedly by solid-state reaction between CaF(2) and ZrF(4) in the presence of AgF. The structure of the title compound is isotypic with that of Sr(5)Zr(3)F(22) and can be described as being composed of layers with composition [Zr(3)F(20)](8-) made up from two different [ZrF(8)](4-) square anti-prisms (one with site symmetry 2) by corner-sharing. The layers extending parallel to the (001) plane are further linked by Ca(2+) cations, forming a three-dimensional network. Amongst the four crystallographically different Ca(2+) ions, three are located on twofold rotation axes. The Ca(2+) ions exhibit coordination numbers ranging from 8 to 12, depending on the cut off, with very distorted fluorine environments. Two of the Ca(2+) ions occupy inter-stices between the layers whereas the other two are located in void spaces of the [Zr(3)F(20)](8-) layer and alternate with the two Zr atoms along [010]. The crystal under investigation was an inversion twin.
foF2 vs solar indices for the Rome station: Looking for the best general relation which is able to describe the anomalous minimum between cycles 23 and 24

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Perna, L.; Pezzopane, M.

2016-10-01

Analyses of the dependence of the F2layer critical frequency, foF2, on five widely used solar activity indices (F10.7, Lym-α, MgII, R and EUV0.1-50)are carried out considering noon values manually validated at the ionospheric station of Rome (41.8°N, 12.5°E, Italy) between January 1976 and December 2013, a period of time covering the last three solar cycles and including the prolonged and anomalous minimum of solar cycle 23/24 (years 2008-2009). After applying a 1-year running mean to both foF2 and solar activity indices time series, a second order polynomial fitting proves to perform better than a linear one, and this is specifically due to the very low solar activity of the last solar minimum and to the remaining saturation effect characterizing the high solar activity. A comparison between observed and synthetic foF2 values, the latter calculated by using the analytical relations found for every index, and some considerations made on the R parameter introduced by Solomon et al. (2013), suggest that MgII is the best index to describe the dependence of foF2 on the solar activity. Three main reasons justify this result: (1) the good sensibility of MgII to the variations of foF2 for low solar activity; (2) the reduced saturation effect characterizing MgII at high solar activity; (3) the poor influence of the hysteresis effect characterizing MgII at medium solar activity. On the other hand, the F10.7 index, widely used as input parameter for numerous ionospheric models, does not represent properly the last minimum; specifically, it is not able to describe the variations of foF2 under a solar activity level of F10.7=82·10-22 [J Hz-1 s-1 m-2].
Automated Synthesis of 18F-Fluoropropoxytryptophan for Amino Acid Transporter System Imaging

PubMed Central

Shih, I-Hong; Duan, Xu-Dong; Kong, Fan-Lin; Williams, Michael D.; Zhang, Yin-Han; Yang, David J.

2014-01-01

Objective. This study was to develop a cGMP grade of [18F]fluoropropoxytryptophan (18F-FTP) to assess tryptophan transporters using an automated synthesizer. Methods. Tosylpropoxytryptophan (Ts-TP) was reacted with K18F/kryptofix complex. After column purification, solvent evaporation, and hydrolysis, the identity and purity of the product were validated by radio-TLC (1M-ammonium acetate : methanol = 4 : 1) and HPLC (C-18 column, methanol : water = 7 : 3) analyses. In vitro cellular uptake of 18F-FTP and 18F-FDG was performed in human prostate cancer cells. PET imaging studies were performed with 18F-FTP and 18F-FDG in prostate and small cell lung tumor-bearing mice (3.7 MBq/mouse, iv). Results. Radio-TLC and HPLC analyses of 18F-FTP showed that the Rf and Rt values were 0.9 and 9 min, respectively. Radiochemical purity was >99%. The radiochemical yield was 37.7% (EOS 90 min, decay corrected). Cellular uptake of 18F-FTP and 18F-FDG showed enhanced uptake as a function of incubation time. PET imaging studies showed that 18F-FTP had less tumor uptake than 18F-FDG in prostate cancer model. However, 18F-FTP had more uptake than 18F-FDG in small cell lung cancer model. Conclusion. 18F-FTP could be synthesized with high radiochemical yield. Assessment of upregulated transporters activity by 18F-FTP may provide potential applications in differential diagnosis and prediction of early treatment response. PMID:25136592
Automated synthesis of 18F-fluoropropoxytryptophan for amino acid transporter system imaging.

PubMed

Shih, I-Hong; Duan, Xu-Dong; Kong, Fan-Lin; Williams, Michael D; Yang, Kevin; Zhang, Yin-Han; Yang, David J

2014-01-01

This study was to develop a cGMP grade of [(18)F]fluoropropoxytryptophan ((18)F-FTP) to assess tryptophan transporters using an automated synthesizer. Tosylpropoxytryptophan (Ts-TP) was reacted with K(18)F/kryptofix complex. After column purification, solvent evaporation, and hydrolysis, the identity and purity of the product were validated by radio-TLC (1M-ammonium acetate : methanol = 4 : 1) and HPLC (C-18 column, methanol : water = 7 : 3) analyses. In vitro cellular uptake of (18)F-FTP and (18)F-FDG was performed in human prostate cancer cells. PET imaging studies were performed with (18)F-FTP and (18)F-FDG in prostate and small cell lung tumor-bearing mice (3.7 MBq/mouse, iv). Radio-TLC and HPLC analyses of (18)F-FTP showed that the Rf and Rt values were 0.9 and 9 min, respectively. Radiochemical purity was >99%. The radiochemical yield was 37.7% (EOS 90 min, decay corrected). Cellular uptake of (18)F-FTP and (18)F-FDG showed enhanced uptake as a function of incubation time. PET imaging studies showed that (18)F-FTP had less tumor uptake than (18)F-FDG in prostate cancer model. However, (18)F-FTP had more uptake than (18)F-FDG in small cell lung cancer model. (18)F-FTP could be synthesized with high radiochemical yield. Assessment of upregulated transporters activity by (18)F-FTP may provide potential applications in differential diagnosis and prediction of early treatment response.
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Aircraft (F-35)

DTIC Science & Technology

2015-12-01

Selected Acquisition Report ( SAR ) RCS: DD-A&T(Q&A)823-198 F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Aircraft (F-35) As of FY 2017 President’s Budget Defense...Acquisition Management Information Retrieval (DAMIR) March 21, 2016 08:47:09 UNCLASSIFIED F-35 December 2015 SAR March 21, 2016 08:47:09 UNCLASSIFIED 2...Document OSD - Office of the Secretary of Defense O&S - Operating and Support PAUC - Program Acquisition Unit Cost F-35 December 2015 SAR March 21
Comparative uptake of ¹⁸F-FEN-DPAZn2, ¹⁸F-FECH, ¹⁸F-fluoride, and ¹⁸F-FDG in fibrosarcoma and aseptic inflammation.

PubMed

Liang, Xiang; Tang, Ganghua; Wang, Hongliang; Hu, Kongzhen; Tang, Xiaolan; Nie, Dahong; Sun, Ting; Huang, Tingting

2014-08-01

The aim of this study is to evaluate uptake of 2-(18)F-fluoroethyl-bis(zinc(II)-dipicolylamine) ((18)F-FEN-DPAZn2) as a promising cell death imaging agent, a choline analog (18)F-fluoroethylcholine ((18)F-FECH), (18)F-fluoride as a bone imaging agent, and a glucose analog 2-(18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ((18)F-FDG) in the combined S180 fibrosarcoma and turpentine-induced inflammation mice models. The results showed that (18)F-FDG had the highest tumor-to-blood uptake ratio and tumor-to-muscle ratio, and high inflammation-to-blood ratio and inflammation-to-muscle ratio. (18)F -FECH showed moderate tumor-to-blood ratio and tumor-to-muscle ratio, and low inflammation-to-blood ratio and inflammation-to-muscle ratio. However, accumulation of (18)F FEN-DPAZn2 in tumor was similar to that in normal muscle. Also, (18)F-FEN-DPAZn2 and (18)F-fluoride exhibited the best selectivity to inflammation. (18)F-FECH positron emission tomography (PET) imaging demonstrates some advantages over (18)F-FDG PET for the differentiation of tumor from inflammation. (18)F FEN-DPAZn2 and (18)F-fluoride can be used for PET imaging of aseptic inflammation. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Solubility of uranium oxide in molten salt electrolysis bath of LiF-BaF2 with LaF3 additive

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Alangi, Nagaraj; Mukherjee, Jaya; Gantayet, L. M.

2016-03-01

The solubility of UO2 in the molten mixtures of equimolar LiF-BaF2(1:1) with LaF3 as additive was studied in the range of 1423 K-1523 K. The molten fluoride salt mixture LiF-BaF2 LaF3 was equilibrated with a sintered uranium oxide pellet at 1423 K, 1473 K, 1523 K and the salt samples were collected after equilibration. Studies were conducted in the range of 10%-50% by weight additions of LaF3 in the equimolar LiF-BaF2(1:1) base fluoride salt bath. Solubility of UO2 increased with rise in LaF3 concentration in the molten fluoride in the temperature range of 1423 K-1523 K. At a given concentration of LaF3, the UO2 solubility increased monotonously with temperature. With mixed solvent, when UF4 was added as a replacement of part of LaF3 in LiF-BaF2(1:1)-10 wt% LaF3 and LiF-BaF2(1:1)-30 wt% LaF3, there was an enhancement of solubility of UO2.
Determination of the ratio of b -quark fragmentation fractions f s / f d in p p collisions at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

DOE PAGES

Aad, G.

2015-12-30

With an integrated luminosity of 2.47 fb -1 recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, the exclusive decays B 0 s→J/ψΦ and B 0 d→J/ψK *0 of B mesons produced in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV are used to determine the ratio of fragmentation fractions f s/f d. From the observed B 0 s→J/ψΦ and B 0 d→J/ψK *0 yields, the quantity (f s/f d)[B(B 0 s→J/ψΦ)/B(B 0 d→J/ψK *0)] is measured to be 0.199±0.004(stat)±0.008(syst). Using a recent theory prediction for [B(B 0 s→J/ψΦ)/B(B 0 d→J/ψK *0)] yields (f s/f d)=0.240±0.004(stat)±0.010(syst)±0.017(th). As a result, it is based on amore » new approach that provides a significant improvement of the world average.« less
Determination of the ratio of b -quark fragmentation fractions f s / f d in p p collisions at s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aad, G.

With an integrated luminosity of 2.47 fb -1 recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, the exclusive decays B 0 s→J/ψΦ and B 0 d→J/ψK *0 of B mesons produced in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV are used to determine the ratio of fragmentation fractions f s/f d. From the observed B 0 s→J/ψΦ and B 0 d→J/ψK *0 yields, the quantity (f s/f d)[B(B 0 s→J/ψΦ)/B(B 0 d→J/ψK *0)] is measured to be 0.199±0.004(stat)±0.008(syst). Using a recent theory prediction for [B(B 0 s→J/ψΦ)/B(B 0 d→J/ψK *0)] yields (f s/f d)=0.240±0.004(stat)±0.010(syst)±0.017(th). As a result, it is based on amore » new approach that provides a significant improvement of the world average.« less

Depth-resolved photo- and ionoluminescence of LiF and Al2O3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Skuratov, V. A.; Kirilkin, N. S.; Kovalev, Yu. S.; Strukova, T. S.; Havanscak, K.

2012-09-01

Microluminescence and laser confocal scanning microscopy techniques have been used to study spatial distribution of F-type color centers in LiF and mechanical stress profiles in Al2O3:Cr single crystals irradiated with 1.2 MeV/amu Ar, Kr, Xe and 3 MeV/amu Kr and Bi ions. It was found that F2 and F3+-center profiles at low ion fluences correlate with ionizing energy loss profiles. With increasing ion fluence, after ion track halo overlapping, the luminescence yield is defined by radiation defects formed in elastic collisions in the end-of-range area. Stress profiles and stress tensor components in ruby crystals across swift heavy ion irradiated layers have been deduced from depth-resolved photo-stimulated spectra using piezospectroscopic effect. Experimental data show that that stresses are compressive in basal plane and tensile in perpendicular direction in all samples irradiated with high energy ions.
Effect of an External Magnetic Flux on Antitumor Antibiotic Neocarzinostatin Yield by Streptomyces carzinostaticus var. F-41

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kudo, Kozo; Yoshida, Yuko; Yoshimura, Noboru; Ishida, Nakao

1993-11-01

The yield of the antitumor antibiotic neocarzinostatin (NCS), produced by Streptomyces carzinostaticus var. F-41, was sensitive to an external magnetic flux. When this strain was cultivated at 28°C in a NCS-producing medium under various magnetic flux densities, good NCS yield was observed at below 250 G magnetic flux density during the exponential growth phase as compared with that obtained in the same medium without magnetic flux, but was not observed at more than 500 G. However, no definite effect on the physiological characteristics and carbohydrate utilization of this strain, and primary physicochemical properties of NCS from magnetic flux could be detected.
Electronic sputtering of LiF, CaF2, LaF3 and UF4 with 197 MeV Au ions. Is the stoichiometry of atom emission preserved?

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Toulemonde, M.; Assmann, W.; Muller, D.; Trautmann, C.

2017-09-01

Sputtering experiments with swift heavy ions in the electronic energy loss regime were performed by using the catcher technique in combination with elastic recoil detection analysis. Four different fluoride targets, LiF, CaF2, LaF3 and UF4 were irradiated in the electronic energy loss regime using 197 MeV Au ions. The angular distribution of particles sputtered from the surface of freshly cleaved LiF and CaF2 single crystals is composed of a broad cosine distribution superimposed by a jet-like peak that appears perpendicular to the surface independent of the angle of beam incidence. For LiF, the particle emission in the entire angular distribution (jet plus broad cosine component) is stoichiometric, whereas for CaF2 the ratio of the sputtered F to Ca particles is at large angles by a factor of two smaller than the stoichiometry of the crystal. For single crystalline LaF3 no jet component is observed and the angular distribution is non-stoichiometric with the number of sputtered F particles being slightly larger than the number of sputtered La particles. In the case of UF4, the target was polycrystalline and had a much rougher surface compared to cleaved crystals. This destroys the appearance of a possible jet component leading to a broad angular distribution. The ratio of sputtered U atoms compared to F atoms is in the order of 1-2, i.e. the number of collected particles on the catcher is also non-stoichiometric. Such unlike behavior of particles sputtered from different fluoride crystals creates new questions.
Die Interhalogenkationen [Br2F5]+ und [Br3F8].

PubMed

Ivlev, Sergei; Karttunen, Antti; Buchner, Magnus; Conrad, Matthias; Kraus, Florian

2018-05-02

Wir berichten über die Synthese und Charakterisierung der bislang einzigen Polyhalogenkationen, in denen verbrückende Fluoratome vorliegen. Das [Br2F5]+-Kation enthält eine symmetrische [F2Br-µ-F-BrF2]-Brücke, das [Br3F8]+-Kation enthält unsymmetrische µ-F-Brücken. Die Fluoronium-Ionen wurden in Form ihrer [SbF6]--Salze erhalten und Raman-, und 19F-NMR-spektroskopisch, sowie durch Röntgenbeugung am Einkristall untersucht. Quantenchemische Rechnungen, sowohl für die isolierten Kationen in der Gasphase, als auch für die Festkörper selbst, wurden durchgeführt. Populationsanalysen zeigen, dass die µ-F-Atome die am stärksten negativ partialgeladenen Atome der Kationen sind. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Theoretical Study of Decomposition Pathways for HArF and HKrF

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chaban, Galina M.; Lundell, Jan; Gerber, R. Benny; Kwak, Donchan (Technical Monitor)

2002-01-01

To provide theoretical insights into the stability and dynamics of the new rare gas compounds HArF and HKrF, reaction paths for decomposition processes HRgF to Rg + HF and HRgF to H + Rg + F (Rg = Ar, Kr) are calculated using ab initio electronic structure methods. The bending channels, HRgF to Rg + HF, are described by single-configurational MP2 and CCSD(T) electronic structure methods, while the linear decomposition paths, HRgF to H + Rg + F, require the use of multi-configurational wave functions that include dynamic correlation and are size extensive. HArF and HKrF molecules are found to be energetically stable with respect to atomic dissociation products (H + Rg + F) and separated by substantial energy barriers from Rg + HF products, which ensure their kinetic stability. The results are compatible with experimental data on these systems.
Origin of the F685 and F695 fluorescence in photosystem II.

PubMed

Andrizhiyevskaya, Elena G; Chojnicka, Agnieszka; Bautista, James A; Diner, Bruce A; van Grondelle, Rienk; Dekker, Jan P

2005-06-01

The emission spectra of CP47-RC and core complexes of Photosystem II (PS II) were measured at different temperatures and excitation wavelengths in order to establish the origin of the emission and the role of the core antenna in the energy transfer and charge separation processes in PS II. Both types of particles reveal strong dependences of spectral shape and yield on temperature. The results indicate that the well-known F-695 emission at 77 K arises from excitations that are trapped on a red-absorbing CP47 chlorophyll, whereas the F-685 nm emission at 77 K arises from excitations that are transferred slowly from 683 nm states in CP47 and CP43 to the RC, where they are trapped by charge separation. We conclude that F-695 at 77 K originates from the low-energy part of the inhomogeneous distribution of the 690 nm absorbing chlorophyll of CP47, while at 4 K the fluorescence originates from the complete distribution of the 690 nm chlorophyll of CP47 and from the low-energy part of the inhomogeneous distribution of one or more CP43 chlorophylls.
Measurement of the decay constant f(Ds+) using D(s+)-->l+ nu.

PubMed

Artuso, M; Blusk, S; Butt, J; Khalil, S; Li, J; Menaa, N; Mountain, R; Nisar, S; Randrianarivony, K; Sia, R; Skwarnicki, T; Stone, S; Wang, J C; Bonvicini, G; Cinabro, D; Dubrovin, M; Lincoln, A; Asner, D M; Edwards, K W; Naik, P; Briere, R A; Ferguson, T; Tatishvili, G; Vogel, H; Watkins, M E; Rosner, J L; Adam, N E; Alexander, J P; Cassel, D G; Duboscq, J E; Ehrlich, R; Fields, L; Gibbons, L; Gray, R; Gray, S W; Hartill, D L; Heltsley, B K; Hertz, D; Jones, C D; Kandaswamy, J; Kreinick, D L; Kuznetsov, V E; Mahlke-Krüger, H; Mohapatra, D; Onyisi, P U E; Patterson, J R; Peterson, D; Pivarski, J; Riley, D; Ryd, A; Sadoff, A J; Schwarthoff, H; Shi, X; Stroiney, S; Sun, W M; Wilksen, T; Athar, S B; Patel, R; Yelton, J; Rubin, P; Cawlfield, C; Eisenstein, B I; Karliner, I; Kim, D; Lowrey, N; Selen, M; White, E J; Wiss, J; Mitchell, R E; Shepherd, M R; Besson, D; Pedlar, T K; Cronin-Hennessy, D; Gao, K Y; Hietala, J; Kubota, Y; Klein, T; Lang, B W; Poling, R; Scott, A W; Smith, A; Zweber, P; Dobbs, S; Metreveli, Z; Seth, K K; Tomaradze, A; Ernst, J; Ecklund, K M; Severini, H; Love, W; Savinov, V; Aquines, O; Lopez, A; Mehrabyan, S; Mendez, H; Ramirez, J; Huang, G S; Miller, D H; Pavlunin, V; Sanghi, B; Shipsey, I P J; Xin, B; Adams, G S; Anderson, M; Cummings, J P; Danko, I; Hu, D; Moziak, B; Napolitano, J; He, Q; Insler, J; Muramatsu, H; Park, C S; Thorndike, E H; Yang, F

2007-08-17

We measure the decay constant f(Ds+) using the D(s+)-->l+ nu channel, where the l+ designates either a mu+ or a tau+, when the tau+ -->pi+ nu. Using both measurements we find f(Ds+)=274+/-13+/-7 MeV. Combining with our previous determination of f(D+), we compute the ratio f(Ds+)/f(D+)=1.23+/-0.11+/-0.04. We compare with theoretical estimates.
Relationship between ionospheric F2-layer critical frequency, F10.7, and F10.7P around African EIA trough

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ikubanni, S. O.; Adeniyi, J. O.

2017-02-01

Improved ionospheric modeling requires a better understanding of the relationship between ionospheric parameters and their influencing solar and geomagnetic sources. Published reports of the validation of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) for quiet-time revealed either underestimation or overestimation at a greater magnitude during high solar fluxes, especially at low latitude. With daily foF2 data from Ouagadougou (geor. 12.4°N, 1.5°W) covering a solar cycle, we have presented preliminary results from the analysis of solar dependence of six different classifications of the data: (i) daily values, (ii) monthly mean, (iii) daily quiet values (with Ap ⩽ 20), (iv) monthly-quiet-mean values, (v) monthly median, and (vi) monthly-quiet-median values. All six classifications show good nonlinear relationship with both F10.7 and F10.7P, however, the differences between the dependence of classes (i) and (iii) of foF2 on the two solar indices is more substantial than those of classes (ii), (iv), (v), and (vi). Of all the six classes, the monthly averages are best related to both solar activity indices. Further analysis shows that magnetic disturbances are non-influential in the variations of the monthly mean of both solar activity indices; this makes both good indices for quiet-time modeling. Likewise, F10.7 and F10.7P are indistinguishable for long-term modeling around the African EIA trough region. While monthly median values may be best for mid-latitude region, either the mean/median values could be used for low-latitude region. However, it could be worthwhile to examine the distribution of the data from the station under consideration.
Investigation of the 2f1-f2 and 2f2-f1 distortion product otoacoustic emissions using a computational model of the gerbil ear.

PubMed

Wen, Haiqi; Bowling, Thomas; Meaud, Julien

2018-05-19

In this work, a three-dimensional computational model of the gerbil ear is used to investigate the generation of the 2f 1 -f 2 and 2f 2 -f 1 distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs). In order to predict both the distortion and reflection sources, cochlear roughness is modeled by introducing random inhomogeneities in the outer hair cell properties. The model was used to simulate the generation of DPOAEs in response to a two-tone stimulus for various primary stimulus levels and frequency ratios. As in published experiments, the 2f 1 -f 2 DPOAEs are mostly dominated by the distortion component while the 2f 2 -f 1 DPOAEs are dominated by the reflection component; furthermore, the influence of the levels and frequency ratio of the primaries are consistent with measurements. Analysis of the intracochlear response shows that the distortion component has the highest magnitude at all longitudinal locations for the 2f 1 -f 2 distortion product (DP) while the distortion component only dominates close to the DP best place in the case of the 2f 2 -f 1 DP. Decomposition of the intracochlear DPs into forward and reverse waves demonstrates that the 2f 1 -f 2 DP generates reverse waves for both the distortion and reflection components; however, a reverse wave is only generated for the reflection component in the case of the 2f 2 -f 1 DP. As in experiments in the gerbil, the group delay of the reflection component of the DPOAE is between 1× and 2× the forward group delay, which is consistent with the propagation of DP towards the stapes as slow reverse waves. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The 1,2-hydrogen shift reaction for monohalogenophosphanes PH2X and HPX (X = F, Cl)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Viana, Rommel B.; Varela, Jaldyr J. G., Jr.; Tello, Ana C. M.; Savedra, Ranylson M. L.; da Silva, Albérico B. F.

2016-10-01

The aim of the present study was to perform a quantum chemical investigation in the 1,2-hydrogen shift reaction for the PH2X and HPX molecules (X = F,Cl). Several phosphorus-halogen-bearing molecules were studied, including PH2F, PH2Cl, HPF, HPCl, HPFH, HPClH, PFH and PClH. The energies of stationary and saddle points on the ground electronic potential energy surface were investigated with post-Hartree-Fock methods [CCSD(T), MP2, QCISD] and different DFT functionals. The PH2F 1,2-hydrogen shift energy barrier was 75 kcal mol-1 at the CCSD(T) level and only a small increase in this value was observed for the HPF isomerisation. In contrast, the HPCl 1,2-hydrogen shift barrier is higher than the PH2Cl one, which presented a barrier height of 69 kcal mol-1 among CCSD(T) and composite methods. The rate constants of these unimolecular rearrangements varied from 10-44 to 10-38 s-1, and these isomerisation channels exhibited large half-lives. In addition, the heat of formation of each monohalogenophosphane was also calculated. The Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) and Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis were also employed to characterise the differences between the phosphorous-halogen bonds.
Chloromuconolactone dehalogenase ClcF of actinobacteria.

PubMed

Solyanikova, Inna P; Plotnikova, Elena G; Shumkova, Ekaterina S; Robota, Irina V; Prisyazhnaya, Natalya V; Golovleva, Ludmila A

2014-01-01

This work investigated the distribution of the clcF gene in actinobacteria isolated from different ecotopes. The gene encodes chloromuconolactone dehalogenase (CMLD) ClcF, the enzyme found to date in only one representative of Gram-positive bacteria, Rhodococcus opacus 1CP, adapted to 2-chlorophenol (2CP). Using primers specific to the clcF gene, from the DNA matrix of rhodococcal strains closely related to species Rhodococcus wratislaviensis (P1, P12, P13, P20, G10, KT112, KT723, BO1) we obtained PCR products whose nucleotide sequences were 100% identical to that of the clcF gene from strain R. opacus 1CP. CMLDs isolated from the biomass of strains Rhodococcus spp. G10 and P1 grown on 2CP did not differ by their subunit molecular mass deduced from the known amino acid sequence of the clcF gene from the ClcF of strain R. opacus 1CP. Matrix-assisted laser dissociation/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed the presence of a peak with m/z 11,194-11,196 Da both in whole cells and in protein solutions with a ClcF activity. Thus, we have first time shown the distribution of ClcF among actinobacteria isolated from geographically distant habitats.
Quantitative analysis of 18F-NaF dynamic PET/CT cannot differentiate malignant from benign lesions in multiple myeloma

PubMed Central

Sachpekidis, Christos; Hillengass, Jens; Goldschmidt, Hartmut; Anwar, Hoda; Haberkorn, Uwe; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia

2017-01-01

A renewed interest has been recently developed for the highly sensitive bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical 18F-NaF. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential utility of quantitative analysis of 18F-NaF dynamic PET/CT data in differentiating malignant from benign degenerative lesions in multiple myeloma (MM). 80 MM patients underwent whole-body PET/CT and dynamic PET/CT scanning of the pelvis with 18F-NaF. PET/CT data evaluation was based on visual (qualitative) assessment, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations, and absolute quantitative estimations after application of a 2-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach leading to the extraction of fractal dimension (FD). In total 263 MM lesions were demonstrated on 18F-NaF PET/CT. Semi-quantitative and quantitative evaluations were performed for 25 MM lesions as well as for 25 benign, degenerative and traumatic lesions. Mean SUVaverage for MM lesions was 11.9 and mean SUVmax was 23.2. Respectively, SUVaverage and SUVmax for degenerative lesions were 13.5 and 20.2. Kinetic analysis of 18F-NaF revealed the following mean values for MM lesions: K1 = 0.248 (1/min), k3 = 0.359 (1/min), influx (Ki) = 0.107 (1/min), FD = 1.382, while the respective values for degenerative lesions were: K1 = 0.169 (1/min), k3 = 0.422 (1/min), influx (Ki) = 0.095 (1/min), FD = 1. 411. No statistically significant differences between MM and benign degenerative disease regarding SUVaverage, SUVmax, K1, k3 and influx (Ki) were demonstrated. FD was significantly higher in degenerative than in malignant lesions. The present findings show that quantitative analysis of 18F-NaF PET data cannot differentiate malignant from benign degenerative lesions in MM patients, supporting previously published results, which reflect the limited role of 18F-NaF PET/CT in the diagnostic workup of MM. PMID:28913153
Quantitative analysis of 18F-NaF dynamic PET/CT cannot differentiate malignant from benign lesions in multiple myeloma.

PubMed

Sachpekidis, Christos; Hillengass, Jens; Goldschmidt, Hartmut; Anwar, Hoda; Haberkorn, Uwe; Dimitrakopoulou-Strauss, Antonia

2017-01-01

A renewed interest has been recently developed for the highly sensitive bone-seeking radiopharmaceutical 18 F-NaF. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the potential utility of quantitative analysis of 18 F-NaF dynamic PET/CT data in differentiating malignant from benign degenerative lesions in multiple myeloma (MM). 80 MM patients underwent whole-body PET/CT and dynamic PET/CT scanning of the pelvis with 18 F-NaF. PET/CT data evaluation was based on visual (qualitative) assessment, semi-quantitative (SUV) calculations, and absolute quantitative estimations after application of a 2-tissue compartment model and a non-compartmental approach leading to the extraction of fractal dimension (FD). In total 263 MM lesions were demonstrated on 18 F-NaF PET/CT. Semi-quantitative and quantitative evaluations were performed for 25 MM lesions as well as for 25 benign, degenerative and traumatic lesions. Mean SUV average for MM lesions was 11.9 and mean SUV max was 23.2. Respectively, SUV average and SUV max for degenerative lesions were 13.5 and 20.2. Kinetic analysis of 18 F-NaF revealed the following mean values for MM lesions: K 1 = 0.248 (1/min), k 3 = 0.359 (1/min), influx (K i ) = 0.107 (1/min), FD = 1.382, while the respective values for degenerative lesions were: K 1 = 0.169 (1/min), k 3 = 0.422 (1/min), influx (K i ) = 0.095 (1/min), FD = 1. 411. No statistically significant differences between MM and benign degenerative disease regarding SUV average , SUV max , K 1 , k 3 and influx (K i ) were demonstrated. FD was significantly higher in degenerative than in malignant lesions. The present findings show that quantitative analysis of 18 F-NaF PET data cannot differentiate malignant from benign degenerative lesions in MM patients, supporting previously published results, which reflect the limited role of 18 F-NaF PET/CT in the diagnostic workup of MM.
Domain organization and crystal structure of the catalytic domain of E.coli RluF, a pseudouridine synthase that acts on 23S rRNA

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sunita,S.; Zhenxing, H.; Swaathi, J.

2006-01-01

Pseudouridine synthases catalyze the isomerization of uridine to pseudouridine ({psi}) in rRNA and tRNA. The pseudouridine synthase RluF from Escherichia coli (E.C. 4.2.1.70) modifies U2604 in 23S rRNA, and belongs to a large family of pseudouridine synthases present in all kingdoms of life. Here we report the domain architecture and crystal structure of the catalytic domain of E. coli RluF at 2.6 Angstroms resolution. Limited proteolysis, mass spectrometry and N-terminal sequencing indicate that RluF has a distinct domain architecture, with the catalytic domain flanked at the N and C termini by additional domains connected to it by flexible linkers. Themore » structure of the catalytic domain of RluF is similar to those of RsuA and TruB. RluF is a member of the RsuA sequence family of {psi}-synthases, along with RluB and RluE. Structural comparison of RluF with its closest structural homologues, RsuA and TruB, suggests possible functional roles for the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of RluF.« less
Stability analysis of an F/A-18 E/F cable mount m odel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Thompson, Nancy; Farmer, Moses

1994-01-01

A full-span F/A-18 E/F cable mounted wind tunnel model is part of a flutter clearance program at the NASA Langley Transonic Dynamics Tunnel. Parametric analysis of this model using GRUMCBL software was conducted to assess stability for wind tunnel tests. Two configurations of the F/A-18 E/F were examined. The parameters examined were pulley-cable friction, mach number, dynamic pressure, cable geometry, center of gravity location, cable tension, snubbing the model, drag, and test medium. For the nominal cable geometry (Cable Geometry 1), Configuration One was unstable for cases with higher pulley-cable friction coefficients. A new cable geometry (Cable Geometry 3) was determined in which Configuration One was stable for all cases evaluated. Configuration Two with the nominal center of gravity position was found to be unstable for cases with higher pulley-cable friction coefficients; however, the model was stable when the center of gravity moved forward 1/2. The model was tested using the cable mount system during the initial wind tunnel entry and was stable as predicted.
GMP-compliant automated synthesis of [(18)F]AV-45 (Florbetapir F 18) for imaging beta-amyloid plaques in human brain.

PubMed

Yao, Cheng-Hsiang; Lin, Kun-Ju; Weng, Chi-Chang; Hsiao, Ing-Tsung; Ting, Yi-Shu; Yen, Tzu-Chen; Jan, Tong-Rong; Skovronsky, Daniel; Kung, Mei-Ping; Wey, Shiaw-Pyng

2010-12-01

We report herein the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant automated synthesis of (18)F-labeled styrylpyridine, AV-45 (Florbetapir), a novel tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques in the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. [(18)F]AV-45 was prepared in 105 min using a tosylate precursor with Sumitomo modules for radiosynthesis under GMP-compliant conditions. The overall yield was 25.4+/-7.7% with a final radiochemical purity of 95.3+/-2.2% (n=19). The specific activity of [(18)F]AV-45 reached as high as 470+/-135 TBq/mmol (n=19). The present studies show that [(18)F]AV-45 can be manufactured under GMP-compliant conditions and could be widely available for routine clinical use. Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Measurement of the Decay Constant fDs+ Using Ds+→l+ν

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Artuso, M.; Blusk, S.; Butt, J.; Khalil, S.; Li, J.; Menaa, N.; Mountain, R.; Nisar, S.; Randrianarivony, K.; Sia, R.; Skwarnicki, T.; Stone, S.; Wang, J. C.; Bonvicini, G.; Cinabro, D.; Dubrovin, M.; Lincoln, A.; Asner, D. M.; Edwards, K. W.; Naik, P.; Briere, R. A.; Ferguson, T.; Tatishvili, G.; Vogel, H.; Watkins, M. E.; Rosner, J. L.; Adam, N. E.; Alexander, J. P.; Cassel, D. G.; Duboscq, J. E.; Ehrlich, R.; Fields, L.; Gibbons, L.; Gray, R.; Gray, S. W.; Hartill, D. L.; Heltsley, B. K.; Hertz, D.; Jones, C. D.; Kandaswamy, J.; Kreinick, D. L.; Kuznetsov, V. E.; Mahlke-Krüger, H.; Mohapatra, D.; Onyisi, P. U. E.; Patterson, J. R.; Peterson, D.; Pivarski, J.; Riley, D.; Ryd, A.; Sadoff, A. J.; Schwarthoff, H.; Shi, X.; Stroiney, S.; Sun, W. M.; Wilksen, T.; Athar, S. B.; Patel, R.; Yelton, J.; Rubin, P.; Cawlfield, C.; Eisenstein, B. I.; Karliner, I.; Kim, D.; Lowrey, N.; Selen, M.; White, E. J.; Wiss, J.; Mitchell, R. E.; Shepherd, M. R.; Besson, D.; Pedlar, T. K.; Cronin-Hennessy, D.; Gao, K. Y.; Hietala, J.; Kubota, Y.; Klein, T.; Lang, B. W.; Poling, R.; Scott, A. W.; Smith, A.; Zweber, P.; Dobbs, S.; Metreveli, Z.; Seth, K. K.; Tomaradze, A.; Ernst, J.; Ecklund, K. M.; Severini, H.; Love, W.; Savinov, V.; Aquines, O.; Lopez, A.; Mehrabyan, S.; Mendez, H.; Ramirez, J.; Huang, G. S.; Miller, D. H.; Pavlunin, V.; Sanghi, B.; Shipsey, I. P. J.; Xin, B.; Adams, G. S.; Anderson, M.; Cummings, J. P.; Danko, I.; Hu, D.; Moziak, B.; Napolitano, J.; He, Q.; Insler, J.; Muramatsu, H.; Park, C. S.; Thorndike, E. H.; Yang, F.

2007-08-01

We measure the decay constant fDs+ using the Ds+→ℓ+ν channel, where the ℓ+ designates either a μ+ or a τ+, when the τ+→π+ν¯. Using both measurements we find fDs+=274±13±7MeV. Combining with our previous determination of fD+, we compute the ratio fDs+/fD+=1.23±0.11±0.04. We compare with theoretical estimates.
Determination of the Cryolite Ratio of KF-NaF-AlF3 Electrolyte by Conductivity Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yan, Hengwei; Yang, Jianhong; Liu, Zhanwei; Wang, Chengzhi; Ma, Wenhui

2018-05-01

The cryolite ratio (CR) is an important parameter for the electrolyte in aluminum reduction cells. The measurement method for the CR of the KF-NaF-AlF3 system acid (CR < 3) electrolyte by means of electrical conductivity was initially developed, and the formula for calculating the CR was deduced. This method has the advantages of simple operation and high precision. In addition, the relative standard deviations (RSD) of the measurement are < 1.2 pct, and the analysis error of the NaF or KF content has little effect on the determination of the CR.
The role of the F spin-orbit excited state in the F+H(2) and F+HD reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tzeng, Yi-Ren

In this dissertation we study the role of the F spin-orbit excited state (F*) in the F + H2 and F + HD reactions using quantum mechanical calculations. The calculations involve multiple potential energy surfaces (the Alexander-Stark-Werner, or ASW, PESs), and include an accurate treatment of the couplings (non-adiabatic, spin-orbit, and Coriolis) among all three electronic states. For the F + H2 reaction, we calculate the center-of-mass differential cross sections and laboratory-frame angular distributions at the four different combinations of collision energies and hydrogen isotopomer investigated in the experiments of Neumark et al. [J. Chem. Phys., 82, 3045 (1985)]. Comparisons with the calculations on the Stark-Werner (SW) and Hartke-Stark-Werner (HSW) PESs, which are limited to the lowest electronically adiabatic state, show that non-adiabatic couplings greatly reduce backward scattering. Surprisingly, we find the shapes of both the CM DCSs and LAB ADs are insensitive to the fraction of F* presented in the F beam. For the F + HD reaction, we calculate the excitation functions and product translational energy distribution functions to study the reactivity of F*. Comparisons with the experiment by Liu and co-workers [J. Chem. Phys., 113, 3633 (2000)] confirm the relatively low reactivity of spin-orbit excited state (F*) atoms. Excellent agreement with the experiment is obtained under the assumption that the F*:F concentration ratio equals 0.16:0.84 in the molecular beam, which corresponds to a thermal equilibrium of the two spin-orbit states at the experimental temperature (600K). From the accurate calculation of the F* reactivity and its relatively small contribution to the overall reactivity of the reaction, we attribute discrepancies between calculation and experiment to an inadequacy in the simulation of the reactivity of the F ground state, likely a result of the residual errors in the ground electronic potential energy surface.
fMRI Validation of fNIRS Measurements During a Naturalistic Task

PubMed Central

Noah, J. Adam; Ono, Yumie; Nomoto, Yasunori; Shimada, Sotaro; Tachibana, Atsumichi; Zhang, Xian; Bronner, Shaw; Hirsch, Joy

2015-01-01

We present a method to compare brain activity recorded with near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in a dance video game task to that recorded in a reduced version of the task using fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging). Recently, it has been shown that fNIRS can accurately record functional brain activities equivalent to those concurrently recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging for classic psychophysical tasks and simple finger tapping paradigms. However, an often quoted benefit of fNIRS is that the technique allows for studying neural mechanisms of complex, naturalistic behaviors that are not possible using the constrained environment of fMRI. Our goal was to extend the findings of previous studies that have shown high correlation between concurrently recorded fNIRS and fMRI signals to compare neural recordings obtained in fMRI procedures to those separately obtained in naturalistic fNIRS experiments. Specifically, we developed a modified version of the dance video game Dance Dance Revolution (DDR) to be compatible with both fMRI and fNIRS imaging procedures. In this methodology we explain the modifications to the software and hardware for compatibility with each technique as well as the scanning and calibration procedures used to obtain representative results. The results of the study show a task-related increase in oxyhemoglobin in both modalities and demonstrate that it is possible to replicate the findings of fMRI using fNIRS in a naturalistic task. This technique represents a methodology to compare fMRI imaging paradigms which utilize a reduced-world environment to fNIRS in closer approximation to naturalistic, full-body activities and behaviors. Further development of this technique may apply to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, late states of dementia, or those with magnetic susceptibility which are contraindicated for fMRI scanning. PMID:26132365

CHClF2 (F-22) in the Earth's atmosphere

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rasmussen, R. A.; Khalil, M. A. K.; Penkett, S. A.; Prosser, N. J. D.

1980-10-01

Recent global measurements of CHClF2 (F-22) are reported. Originally, GC/MS techniques were used to obtain these data. Since then, significant advances using an O2-doped electron capture detector have been made in the analytical techniques, so that F-22 can be measured by EC/GC methods at ambient concentrations. The atmospheric burden of F-22 calculated from these measurements (average mixing ratio, mid-1979, ˜45 pptv) is considerably greater than that expected from the estimates of direct industrial emissions (average mixing ratio, mid-1979, ˜30 pptv). This difference is probably due to underestimates of F-22 emissions.
CHClF2 /F-22/ in the earth's atmosphere

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Rasmussen, R. A.; Khalil, M. A. K.; Penkett, S. A.; Prosser, N. J. D.

1980-01-01

Recent global measurements of CHClF2 (F-22) are reported. Originally, GC/MS techniques were used to obtain these data. Since then, significant advances using an O2-doped electron capture detector have been made in the analytical techniques, so that F-22 can be measured by EC/GC methods at ambient concentrations. The atmospheric burden of F-22 calculated from these measurements (average mixing ratio, mid-1979, approximately 45 pptv) is considerably greater than that expected from the estimates of direct industrial emissions (average mixing ratio, mid-1979, approximately 30 pptv). This difference is probably due to underestimates of F-22 emissions.
17 CFR 249.220f - Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g), annual and transition reports pursuant to sections 13 and 15(d), and shell company reports required under Rule 13a-19 or 15d-19 (Â§ 240.13a-19 or Â§ 240.15d-19 of this chapter). 24...
17 CFR 249.220f - Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g), annual and transition reports pursuant to sections 13 and 15(d), and shell company reports required under Rule 13a-19 or 15d-19 (Â§ 240.13a-19 or Â§ 240.15d-19 of this chapter). 24...
17 CFR 249.220f - Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g), annual and transition reports pursuant to sections 13 and 15(d), and shell company reports required under Rule 13a-19 or 15d-19 (Â§ 240.13a-19 or Â§ 240.15d-19 of this chapter). 24...
17 CFR 249.220f - Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g), annual and transition reports pursuant to sections 13 and 15(d), and shell company reports required under Rule 13a-19 or 15d-19 (Â§ 240.13a-19 or Â§ 240.15d-19 of this chapter). 24...
17 CFR 249.220f - Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Form 20-F, registration of securities of foreign private issuers pursuant to section 12(b) or (g), annual and transition reports pursuant to sections 13 and 15(d), and shell company reports required under Rule 13a-19 or 15d-19 (Â§ 240.13a-19 or Â§ 240.15d-19 of this chapter). 24...
Improved process for generating ClF/sub 3/ from ClF and F/sub 2/

DOEpatents

Reiner, R.H.; Pashley, J.H.; Barber, E.J.

The invention is an improvement in the process for producing gaseous ClF/sub 3/ by reacting ClF and F/sub 2/ at elevated temperature. The improved process comprises conducting the reaction in the presence of NiF/sub 2/, which preferably is in the form of particles or in the form of a film or layer on a particulate substrate. The nickel fluoride acts as a reaction catalyst, significantly increasing the reaction rate and thus permitting valuable reductions in process temperature, pressure, and/or reactor volume.
Synthesis of [18F]-labelled Maltose Derivatives as PET Tracers for Imaging Bacterial Infection

PubMed Central

Namavari, Mohammad; Gowrishankar, Gayatri; Hoehne, Aileen; Jouannot, Erwan; Gambhir, Sanjiv S

2015-01-01

Purpose To develop novel positron emission tomography (PET) agents for visualization and therapy monitoring of bacterial infections. Procedures It is known that maltose and maltodextrins are energy sources for bacteria. Hence, 18F-labelled maltose derivatives could be a valuable tool for imaging bacterial infections. We have developed methods to synthesize 4-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-deoxy-6-[18F]fluoro-D-glucopyranoside (6-[18F]fluoromaltose) and 4-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-deoxy-1-[18F]fluoro-D-glucopyranoside (1-[18F]fluoromaltose) as bacterial infection PET imaging agents. 6-[18F]fluoromaltose was prepared from precursor 1,2,3-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2′,3′,-di-O-acetyl-4′,6′-benzylidene-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-6-deoxy-6-nosyl-D-glucopranoside (5). The synthesis involved the radio-fluorination of 5 followed by acidic and basic hydrolysis to give 6-[18F]fluoromaltose. In an analogous procedure, 1-[18F]fluoromaltose was synthesized from 2,3, 6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2′,3′,4′,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-deoxy-1-O-triflyl-D-glucopranoside (9). Stability of 6-[18F]fluoromaltose in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human and mouse serum at 37 °C was determined. Escherichia coli uptake of 6-[18F]fluoromaltose was examined. Results A reliable synthesis of 1- and 6-[18F]fluoromaltose has been accomplished with 4–6 and 5–8 % radiochemical yields, respectively (decay-corrected with 95 % radiochemical purity). 6-[18F]fluoromaltose was sufficiently stable over the time span needed for PET studies (~96 % intact compound after 1-h and ~65 % after 2-h incubation in serum). Bacterial uptake experiments indicated that E. coli transports 6-[18F]fluoromaltose. Competition assays showed that the uptake of 6-[18F]fluoromaltose was completely blocked by co-incubation with 1 mM of the natural substrate maltose. Conclusion We have successfully synthesized 1- and 6-[18F]fluoromaltose via direct fluorination of appropriate protected maltose precursors. Bacterial uptake
The chemo-mechanical coupled model for F(1)F(0)-motor.

PubMed

Xu, Lizhong; Liu, Fang

2012-04-01

F(1)F(0)-motor (ATP synthase) is the universal enzyme in biological energy conversion that is present in the membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts and bacteria. It uses the energy of the proton gradient across the membrane to synthesize ATP. Previous theory and model about rotation of the ATP synthase is reviewed, then a novel chemo-mechanical coupled model for rotation of the F(1)F(0)-motor is proposed. In the model, more events are considered simultaneously that includes the movement of F(1), the movement of F(0), reactions at F(1) and reactions at F(0). Using the model, the possible substep modes of the rotation for F(1)F(0) are predicted, the dependence of the motor efficiency and its rotation rate on the rigidity of the γ shaft is investigated. We conclude that the γ shaft has a large rotation rate for a limited driving potential because two ends of the γ shaft can rotate alternately for its flexibility. The flexibility also makes the efficiency of F(1)F(0) drop because elastic twisting deformation power is needed during alternate rotation of the γ shaft at two ends. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of Nd-Loaded SnO2:F Films Coated via Spray Pyrolysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turgut, G.

2018-05-01

Thin layers of single (F)- and double (F/Nd)-incorporated tin oxide have been coated on glass substrate via spray pyrolysis. The structural, morphological, electrical, and optical features of F-incorporated samples were evaluated depending on the Nd loading. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that samples had tetragonal tin oxide structure with (211) and (200) preferential directions. The crystallite size and strain values varied from 37.98 nm and 1.21 × 10-3 to 52.12 nm and 1.88 × 10-3. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the samples consisted of pyramidal, polyhedral, and needle-shaped granules. The lowest sheet resistance value of 1.22 Ω was found for 1.8 at.% Nd + 25 at.% F-coloaded SnO2. However, the widest optical bandgap of 4.01 eV was observed for the single 25 at.% F-loaded sample. The Urbach tail and figure of merit also changed in the ranges of 664 meV to 1296 meV and 6.4 × 10-2 Ω-1 to 2.3 × 10-3 Ω-1, respectively. The results presented herein indicate that the character of F-doped tin oxide films can be controlled by Nd loading and that these films could be useful for technological applications.
Evaluation of Nd-Loaded SnO2:F Films Coated via Spray Pyrolysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Turgut, G.

2018-07-01

Thin layers of single (F)- and double (F/Nd)-incorporated tin oxide have been coated on glass substrate via spray pyrolysis. The structural, morphological, electrical, and optical features of F-incorporated samples were evaluated depending on the Nd loading. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that samples had tetragonal tin oxide structure with (211) and (200) preferential directions. The crystallite size and strain values varied from 37.98 nm and 1.21 × 10-3 to 52.12 nm and 1.88 × 10-3. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the samples consisted of pyramidal, polyhedral, and needle-shaped granules. The lowest sheet resistance value of 1.22 Ω was found for 1.8 at.% Nd + 25 at.% F-coloaded SnO2. However, the widest optical bandgap of 4.01 eV was observed for the single 25 at.% F-loaded sample. The Urbach tail and figure of merit also changed in the ranges of 664 meV to 1296 meV and 6.4 × 10-2 Ω-1 to 2.3 × 10-3 Ω-1, respectively. The results presented herein indicate that the character of F-doped tin oxide films can be controlled by Nd loading and that these films could be useful for technological applications.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as detection tool for coordinated or uncoordinated fluorine atoms demonstrated on fluoride systems NaF, K2TaF7, K3TaF8, K2ZrF6, Na7Zr6F31 and K3ZrF7

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boča, Miroslav; Barborík, Peter; Mičušík, Matej; Omastová, Mária

2012-07-01

While systems K3TaF8 and K3ZrF7 were prepared by modified molten salt method modified wet pathway was used for reproducible preparation of Na7Zr6F31. Its congruently melting character was demonstrated on simultaneous TG/DSC measurements and XRD patterns. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was applied for identification of differently bonded fluorine atoms in series of compounds NaF, K2TaF7, K3TaF8, K2ZrF6, Na7Zr6F31 and K3ZrF7. Three different types of fluorine atoms were described qualitatively and quantitatively. Uncoordinated fluorine atoms (F-) provide signals at lowest binding energies, followed by signals from terminally coordinated fluorine atoms (M-F) and then bridging fluorine atoms (M-F-M) at highest energy. Based on XPS F 1s signals assigned to fluorine atoms in compounds with correctly determined structure it was suggested that fluorine atoms in K3ZrF7 have partially bridging character.
Galaxy-galaxy weak gravitational lensing in f(R) gravity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Li, Baojiu; Shirasaki, Masato

2018-03-01

We present an analysis of galaxy-galaxy weak gravitational lensing (GGL) in chameleon f(R) gravity - a leading candidate of non-standard gravity models. For the analysis, we have created mock galaxy catalogues based on dark matter haloes from two sets of numerical simulations, using a halo occupation distribution (HOD) prescription which allows a redshift dependence of galaxy number density. To make a fairer comparison between the f(R) and Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) models, their HOD parameters are tuned so that the galaxy two-point correlation functions in real space (and therefore the projected two-point correlation functions) match. While the f(R) model predicts an enhancement of the convergence power spectrum by up to ˜ 30 per cent compared to the standard ΛCDM model with the same parameters, the maximum enhancement of GGL is only half as large and less than 5 per cent on separations above ˜1-2 h-1 Mpc, because the latter is a cross-correlation of shear (or matter, which is more strongly affected by modified gravity) and galaxy (which is weakly affected given the good match between galaxy autocorrelations in the two models) fields. We also study the possibility of reconstructing the matter power spectrum by combination of GGL and galaxy clustering in f(R) gravity. We find that the galaxy-matter cross-correlation coefficient remains at unity down to ˜2-3 h-1 Mpc at relevant redshifts even in f(R) gravity, indicating joint analysis of GGL and galaxy clustering can be a powerful probe of matter density fluctuations in chameleon gravity. The scale dependence of the model differences in their predictions of GGL can potentially allows us to break the degeneracy between f(R) gravity and other cosmological parameters such as Ωm and σ8.
Two years of experience with the [ 18F]FDG production module

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kim, Sang Wook; Hur, Min Goo; Chai, Jong-Seo; Park, Jeong Hoon; Yu, Kook Hyun; Jeong, Cheol Ki; Lee, Goung Jin; Min, Young Don; Yang, Seung Dae

2007-08-01

Chemistry module for a conventional [18F]FDG production by using tetrabutylammonium bicarbonate (TBA) and an acidic hydrolysis has been manufactured and evaluated. In this experiment, 75 mM (pH 7.5-7.8) of TBA solution and a ca. 2-curies order of [18F]-fluoride have been used for the evaluation. The commercial acidic purification cartridge was purchased from GE or UKE. The operation system (OS) was programmed with Lab-View which was selected because of its easy customization of the OS. Small sized solenoid valves (Burkert; type 6124) were selected to reduce the module dimensions (W 350 × D 270 × H 250). The total time for the synthesis of [18F]FDG was 30 ± 3 min. The production yield of [18F]FDG was 60 ± 2% on an average at EOS, with the decay uncorrected. This experimental data show that the traditional chemistry module can provide a good [18F]FDG production yield by optimizing the operational conditions. The radiochemical purity, radionuclidic purity, acidity, residual solvent, osmolality and endotoxin were determined to assess the quality of [18F]FDG. The examined contents for the quality control of [18F]FDG were found to be suitable for a clinical application.
Perturbative triples correction for local pair natural orbital based explicitly correlated CCSD(F12*) using Laplace transformation techniques.

PubMed

Schmitz, Gunnar; Hättig, Christof

2016-12-21

We present an implementation of pair natural orbital coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples, PNO-CCSD(T), which avoids the quasi-canonical triples approximation (T0) where couplings due to off-diagonal Fock matrix elements are neglected. A numerical Laplace transformation of the canonical expression for the perturbative (T) triples correction is used to avoid an I/O and storage bottleneck for the triples amplitudes. Results for a test set of reaction energies show that only very few Laplace grid points are needed to obtain converged energy differences and that PNO-CCSD(T) is a more robust approximation than PNO-CCSD(T0) with a reduced mean absolute deviation from canonical CCSD(T) results. We combine the PNO-based (T) triples correction with the explicitly correlated PNO-CCSD(F12*) method and investigate the use of specialized F12-PNOs in the conventional triples correction. We find that no significant additional errors are introduced and that PNO-CCSD(F12*)(T) can be applied in a black box manner.
F2-isoprostanes and F4-neuroprostanes as markers of intracranial aneurysm development.

PubMed

Syta-Krzyżanowska, Anna; Jarocka-Karpowicz, Iwona; Kochanowicz, Jan; Turek, Grzegorz; Rutkowski, Robert; Gorbacz, Krzysztof; Mariak, Zenon; Skrzydlewska, Elżbieta

2018-04-24

Intracranial aneurysms are common, occurring in about 1-2% of the population. Saccular aneurysm is a pouch-like pathological dilatation of an intracranial artery that develops when the cerebral artery wall becomes too weak to resist hemodynamic pressure and distends. The aim of this study was to determine whether the development of intracranial aneurysms and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) affects neuronal phospholipid metabolism, and what influence different invasive treatments have on brain free radical phospholipid metabolism. The level of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) cyclization products - F2-isoprostanes and F4-neuroprostanes - was examined using liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in the plasma of patients with brain aneurysm and resulting subarachnoid hemorrhage. It was revealed that an aneurysm leads to the enhancement of lipid peroxidation with a significant increase in plasma F2-isoprostanes and F4-neuroprostanes (more than 3-fold and 11-fold, respectively) in comparison to healthy subjects. The rupture of an aneurysm results in hemorrhage and an additional increase in examined prostaglandin derivatives. The embolization and clipping of aneurysms contribute to a gradual restoration of metabolic homeostasis in brain cells, which is visible in the decrease in PUFA cyclization products. The results indicate that aneurysm development is associated with enhanced inflammation and oxidative stress, factors which favor lipid peroxidation, particularly in neurons, whose membranes are rich in docosahexaenoic acid, a precursor of F4-neuroprostanes.
Determination of the Ratio of b-Quark Fragmentation Fractions f(s)/f(d) in pp Collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

PubMed

Aad, G; Abbott, B; Abdallah, J; Abdinov, O; Aben, R; Abolins, M; AbouZeid, O S; Abramowicz, H; Abreu, H; Abreu, R; Abulaiti, Y; Acharya, B S; Adamczyk, L; Adams, D L; Adelman, J; Adomeit, S; Adye, T; Affolder, A A; Agatonovic-Jovin, T; Agricola, J; Aguilar-Saavedra, J A; Ahlen, S P; Ahmadov, F; Aielli, G; Akerstedt, H; Åkesson, T P A; Akimov, A V; Alberghi, G L; Albert, J; Albrand, S; Alconada Verzini, M J; Aleksa, M; Aleksandrov, I N; Alexa, C; Alexander, G; Alexopoulos, T; Alhroob, M; Alimonti, G; Alio, L; Alison, J; Alkire, S P; Allbrooke, B M M; Allport, P P; Aloisio, A; Alonso, A; Alonso, F; Alpigiani, C; Altheimer, A; Alvarez Gonzalez, B; Álvarez Piqueras, D; Alviggi, M G; Amadio, B T; Amako, K; Amaral Coutinho, Y; Amelung, C; Amidei, D; Amor Dos Santos, S P; Amorim, A; Amoroso, S; Amram, N; Amundsen, G; Anastopoulos, C; Ancu, L S; Andari, N; Andeen, T; Anders, C F; Anders, G; Anders, J K; Anderson, K J; Andreazza, A; Andrei, V; Angelidakis, S; Angelozzi, I; Anger, P; Angerami, A; Anghinolfi, F; Anisenkov, A V; Anjos, N; Annovi, A; Antonelli, M; Antonov, A; Antos, J; Anulli, F; Aoki, M; Aperio Bella, L; Arabidze, G; Arai, Y; Araque, J P; Arce, A T H; Arduh, F A; Arguin, J-F; Argyropoulos, S; Arik, M; Armbruster, A J; Arnaez, O; Arnal, V; Arnold, H; Arratia, M; Arslan, O; Artamonov, A; Artoni, G; Asai, S; Asbah, N; Ashkenazi, A; Åsman, B; Asquith, L; Assamagan, K; Astalos, R; Atkinson, M; Atlay, N B; Augsten, K; Aurousseau, M; Avolio, G; Axen, B; Ayoub, M K; Azuelos, G; Baak, M A; Baas, A E; Baca, M J; Bacci, C; Bachacou, H; Bachas, K; Backes, M; Backhaus, M; Bagiacchi, P; Bagnaia, P; Bai, Y; Bain, T; Baines, J T; Baker, O K; Baldin, E M; Balek, P; Balestri, T; Balli, F; Banas, E; Banerjee, Sw; Bannoura, A A E; Bansil, H S; Barak, L; Barberio, E L; Barberis, D; Barbero, M; Barillari, T; Barisonzi, M; Barklow, T; Barlow, N; Barnes, S L; Barnett, B M; Barnett, R M; Barnovska, Z; Baroncelli, A; Barone, G; Barr, A J; Barreiro, F; Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J; Bartoldus, R; Barton, A E; Bartos, P; Basalaev, A; Bassalat, A; Basye, A; Bates, R L; Batista, S J; Batley, J R; Battaglia, M; Bauce, M; Bauer, F; Bawa, H S; Beacham, J B; Beattie, M D; Beau, T; Beauchemin, P H; Beccherle, R; Bechtle, P; Beck, H P; Becker, K; Becker, M; Becker, S; Beckingham, M; Becot, C; Beddall, A J; Beddall, A; Bednyakov, V A; Bee, C P; Beemster, L J; Beermann, T A; Begel, M; Behr, J K; Belanger-Champagne, C; Bell, W H; Bella, G; Bellagamba, L; Bellerive, A; Bellomo, M; Belotskiy, K; Beltramello, O; Benary, O; Benchekroun, D; Bender, M; Bendtz, K; Benekos, N; Benhammou, Y; Benhar Noccioli, E; Benitez Garcia, J A; Benjamin, D P; Bensinger, J R; Bentvelsen, S; Beresford, L; Beretta, M; Berge, D; Bergeaas Kuutmann, E; Berger, N; Berghaus, F; Beringer, J; Bernard, C; Bernard, N R; Bernius, C; Bernlochner, F U; Berry, T; Berta, P; Bertella, C; Bertoli, G; Bertolucci, F; Bertsche, C; Bertsche, D; Besana, M I; Besjes, G J; Bessidskaia Bylund, O; Bessner, M; Besson, N; Betancourt, C; Bethke, S; Bevan, A J; Bhimji, W; Bianchi, R M; Bianchini, L; Bianco, M; Biebel, O; Biedermann, D; Bieniek, S P; Biglietti, M; Bilbao De Mendizabal, J; Bilokon, H; Bindi, M; Binet, S; Bingul, A; Bini, C; Biondi, S; Black, C W; Black, J E; Black, K M; Blackburn, D; Blair, R E; Blanchard, J-B; Blanco, J E; Blazek, T; Bloch, I; Blocker, C; Blum, W; Blumenschein, U; Bobbink, G J; Bobrovnikov, V S; Bocchetta, S S; Bocci, A; Bock, C; Boehler, M; Bogaerts, J A; Bogavac, D; Bogdanchikov, A G; Bohm, C; Boisvert, V; Bold, T; Boldea, V; Boldyrev, A S; Bomben, M; Bona, M; Boonekamp, M; Borisov, A; Borissov, G; Borroni, S; Bortfeldt, J; Bortolotto, V; Bos, K; Boscherini, D; Bosman, M; Boudreau, J; Bouffard, J; Bouhova-Thacker, E V; Boumediene, D; Bourdarios, C; Bousson, N; Boveia, A; Boyd, J; Boyko, I R; Bozic, I; Bracinik, J; Brandt, A; Brandt, G; Brandt, O; Bratzler, U; Brau, B; Brau, J E; Braun, H M; Brazzale, S F; Breaden Madden, W D; Brendlinger, K; Brennan, A J; Brenner, L; Brenner, R; Bressler, S; Bristow, K; Bristow, T M; Britton, D; Britzger, D; Brochu, F M; Brock, I; Brock, R; Bronner, J; Brooijmans, G; Brooks, T; Brooks, W K; Brosamer, J; Brost, E; Brown, J; Bruckman de Renstrom, P A; Bruncko, D; Bruneliere, R; Bruni, A; Bruni, G; Bruschi, M; Bruscino, N; Bryngemark, L; Buanes, T; Buat, Q; Buchholz, P; Buckley, A G; Buda, S I; Budagov, I A; Buehrer, F; Bugge, L; Bugge, M K; Bulekov, O; Bullock, D; Burckhart, H; Burdin, S; Burgard, C D; Burghgrave, B; Burke, S; Burmeister, I; Busato, E; Büscher, D; Büscher, V; Bussey, P; Butler, J M; Butt, A I; Buttar, C M; Butterworth, J M; Butti, P; Buttinger, W; Buzatu, A; Buzykaev, A R; Cabrera Urbán, S; Caforio, D; Cairo, V M; Cakir, O; Calace, N; Calafiura, P; Calandri, A; Calderini, G; Calfayan, P; Caloba, L P; Calvet, D; Calvet, S; Camacho Toro, R; Camarda, S; Camarri, P; Cameron, D; Caminal Armadans, R; Campana, S; Campanelli, M; Campoverde, A; Canale, V; Canepa, A; Cano Bret, M; Cantero, J; Cantrill, R; Cao, T; Capeans Garrido, M D M; Caprini, I; 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2015-12-31

With an integrated luminosity of 2.47 fb(-1) recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, the exclusive decays B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ and B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0) of B mesons produced in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV are used to determine the ratio of fragmentation fractions f(s)/f(d). From the observed B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ and B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0) yields, the quantity (f(s)/f(d))[B(B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ)/B(B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0))] is measured to be 0.199±0.004(stat)±0.008(syst). Using a recent theory prediction for [B(B(s)(0)→J/ψϕ)/B(B(d)(0)→J/ψK(*0))] yields (f(s)/f(d))=0.240±0.004(stat)±0.010(syst)±0.017(th). This result is based on a new approach that provides a significant improvement of the world average.
Alanine and glycine conjugates of (2S,4R)-4-[18F]fluoroglutamine for tumor imaging.

PubMed

Zha, Zhihao; Ploessl, Karl; Lieberman, Brian P; Wang, Limin; Kung, Hank F

2018-05-01

Glutamine is an essential source of energy, metabolic substrates, and building block for supporting tumor proliferation. Previously, (2S,4R)-4-[ 18 F]fluoroglutamine (4F-Gln) was reported as a glutamine-related metabolic imaging agent. To improve the in vivo kinetics of this radiotracer, two new dipeptides, [ 18 F]Gly-(2S,4R)4-fluoroglutamine (Gly-4F-Gln) and [ 18 F]Ala-(2S,4R)4-fluoroglutamine (Ala-4F-Gln) were investigated. Radiolabeling was performed via 2-steps 18 F-fluorination. Cell uptake studies of Gly-4F-Gln and Ala-4F-Gln were investigated in 9 L cell lines. In vitro and in vivo metabolism studies were carried out in Fisher 344 rats. Biodistribution and microPET imaging studies were performed in 9 L tumor-bearing rats. In vitro incubation of these [ 18 F]dipeptides in rat and human blood showed a rapid conversion to (2S,4R)-4-[ 18 F]fluoroglutamine (t 1/2  = 2.3 and 0.2 min for [ 18 F]Gly-4F-Gln and [ 18 F]Ala-4F-Gln, respectively for human blood). Biodistribution and PET imaging in Fisher 344 rats bearing 9 L tumor xenografts showed that these dipeptides rapidly localized in the tumors, comparable to that of (2S,4R)-4-[ 18 F]fluoroglutamine (4F-Gln). The results support that these dipeptides, [ 18 F]Gly-4F-Gln and [ 18 F]Ala-4F-Gln, are prodrugs, which hydrolyze in the blood after an iv injection. They appear to be selectively taken up and trapped by tumor tissue in vivo. The dipeptide, [ 18 F]Ala-4F-Gln, may be suitable as a PET tracer for imaging glutaminolysis in tumors. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
NaF-assisted combustion synthesis of MoSi2 nanoparticles and their densification behavior

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nersisyan, Hayk H.; Lee, Tae Hyuk; Ri, Vladislav; Lee, Jong Hyeon; Suh, Hoyoung; Kim, Jin-Gyu; Son, Hyeon Taek; Kim, Yong-Ho

2017-03-01

The exothermic reduction of oxides mixture (MoO3+2SiO2) by magnesium in NaF melt enables the synthesis of nanocrystalline MoSi2 powders in near-quantitative yields. The combustion wave with temperature of about 1000-1200 °C was recorded in highly diluted by NaF starting mixtures. The by-products of combustion reaction (NaF and MgO) were subsequently removed by leaching with acid and washing with water. The as-prepared MoSi2 nanopowder composed of spherical and dendritic shape particles was consolidated using the spark plasma sintering method at 1200-1500 °C and 50 MPa for 10 min. The result was dense compacts (98.6% theoretical density) possessing submicron grains and exhibiting hardness of 8.74-12.92 GPa.

Using the Lewis Acid Me3 Si-F-Al(ORF )3 To Prepare Phosphino-Phosphonium Cations with the Least-Coordinating Anion [(RF O)3 Al-F-Al(ORF )3 ].

PubMed

Possart, Josephine; Martens, Arthur; Schleep, Mario; Ripp, Alexander; Scherer, Harald; Kratzert, Daniel; Krossing, Ingo

2017-09-07

By reaction of two equivalents of Me 3 Si-F-Al(OR F ) 3 1 with an equimolar amount of PPh 2 Cl, the salt [Ph 2 P-PPh 2 Cl] + [(R F O) 3 Al-F-Al(OR F ) 3 ] - 2 is prepared smoothly in 91 % yield (NMR, XRD). The synthesis of [Ph 2 P-PPh 3 ] + [(R F O) 3 Al-F-Al(OR F ) 3 ] - 3 is best achieved by a two-step reaction: first, two equivalents of 1 react with one PPh 3 to give [Me 3 Si-PPh 3 ] + [(R F O) 3 Al-F-Al(OR F ) 3 ] - 4 (NMR, XRD), which, upon reaction with PPh 2 Cl, yields pure 3 and Me 3 SiCl (NMR, XRD). Typically, a stoichiometry of two equivalents of 1 with respect to one equivalent of the chloride donor should be used. Otherwise, the residual strong Lewis acidity of the [(R F O) 3 Al-F-Al(OR F ) 3 ] - anion in the presence of the [F-Al(OR F ) 3 ] - anion-that forms with less than two equivalents of 1-leads to further chloride exchange reactions that complicate work-up. This route presents the easiest way to introduce the least-coordinating [(R F O) 3 Al-F-Al(OR F ) 3 ] - anion into a system. We expect a wide use of this route in all areas, in which chloride-bond heterolysis in combination with very weakly coordinating anions is desirable. Additionally, we performed calculations on the bond dissociation mechanisms of [R 2 P-PMe 3 ] + and the isoelectronic Me 2 P-SiMe 3 and Me 2 Si-PMe 3 in dependence of the solvent permittivity. These calculations show, especially for the neutral reference compounds, a heavy influence of the solvent on the dissociation mechanism, which is why we suggest investigating these properties in solution instead of gas phase. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
2',3-dihydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl suppresses fMLP-induced superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by targeting the β-subunit of G-protein in human neutrophils.

PubMed

Liao, Hsiang-Ruei; Chen, Ih-Sheng; Liu, Fu-Chao; Lin, Shinn-Zhi; Tseng, Ching-Ping

2018-06-15

This study investigates the effect and the underlying mechanism of 2',3-dihydroxy-5-methoxybiphenyl (RIR-2), a lignan extracted from the roots of Rhaphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. ex Ker var. tashiroi Hayata ex Matsum. & Hayata (Rosaceae), on N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced respiratory burst and cathepsin G in human neutrophils. Signaling pathways regulated by RIR-2 which modulated fMLP-induced respiratory burst were evaluated by an interaction between β subunit of G-protein (Gβ) with downstream signaling induced by fMLP and by immunoblotting analysis of the downstream targets of Gβ-protein. RIR-2 inhibited fMLP-induced superoxide anion production (IC 50 :2.57 ± 0.22 μM), cathepsin G release (IC 50 :18.72 ± 3.76 μM) and migration in a concentration dependent manner. RIR-2 specifically suppresses fMLP-induced Src family kinases phosphorylation by inhibiting the interaction between Gβ-protein with Src kinases without inhibiting Src kinases activities, therefore, RIR-2 attenuated the downstream targets of Src kinase, such as phosphorylation of Raf/ERK, AKT, P38, PLCγ2, PKC and translocation Tec, p47 ph ° x and P40 ph ° x from the cytosol to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane. Furthermore, RIR-2 attenuated fMLP-induced intracellular calcium mobilization by inhibiting the interaction between Gβ-protein with PLCβ2. RIR-2 was not a competitive or allosteric antagonist of fMLP. On the contrary, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced phosphorylation of Src, AKT, P38, PKC and membrane localization of p47 ph ° x and P40 ph ° x remained unaffected. RIR-2 specifically modulates fMLP-mediated neutrophil superoxide anion production and cathepsin G release by inhibiting the interaction between Gβ-protein with downstream signaling which subsequently interferes with the activation of intracellular calcium, PLCγ2, AKT, p38, PKC, ERK, p47 ph ° x and p40 phox . Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
HIV-1 subtypes D and F are prevalent in Guinea Conakry.

PubMed

Freimanis, G L; Loua, A; Allain, J P

2012-04-01

Limited data is available upon the distribution of different HIV-1/2 genotypes in the blood donor population from Guinea Conakry. To investigate the prevalence of HIV-1/2 subtypes in asymptomatic blood donors in Guinea Conakry, in order to update knowledge of HIV-1/2 epidemiology within this country. Samples from 104 blood donors seropositive for HIV-1/2 were tested for HIV-1 by real-time RT-PCR. Those negative for HIV-1 were tested with HIV-2 nested RT-PCR. Positive samples were further amplified in the HIV-1 gag and pol regions and sequenced. Subtypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis on amplicon sequences. 61 samples were positive by HIV-1 real-time RT-PCR. Of the 43 negative, 2 (4.6%) were positive for HIV-2. 52/61 (85.3%) samples were positive by nested RT-PCR. Of the 52, 43 (70.5%) and 31(59.6%) sequences were obtained in the gag and pol regions, respectively; 23 for both regions. HIV-1 subtype distribution was 1 B (2.1%), 8 F (17%), 8 D (17%) and 28 CRF02_AG (59.6%) with 2 unclassified recombinants (4.3%). Unique clusters for subtype D and F distinguished Guinea from HIV-1 subtype distribution in neighboring countries. Subtype F and subtype D strains, uncommon in West Africa, are a substantial part of HIV-1 epidemiology in Guinea. Copyright Â© 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Decomposed Fragment Identification in C_8F_18 RF Plasma for a-C:F Film Production

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sakai, Yosuke; Tazawa, Shota; Bratescu, Maria; Suda, Yoshiyuki; Sugawara, Hirotake

2004-09-01

Amorphous fluorocarbon polymer (a-C:F) film shows excellent insulation properties such as low dielectric constant (<2.5), high dielectric strength (>2 MV/cm), low surface energy, and chemical inertness. Therefore, we have studied this film for a purpose of an additional insulator to enhance the breakdown voltage in an alternative to a SF6 gas insulation system. The films are prepared using a C_8F_18 vapor RF plasma. When per-fluorocarbon, such as C_8F_18 as source gases, then the deposition rate becomes roughly two orders of magnitude higher than that obtained from conventional low molecular-weight source monomers (CF_4, C_2F_6, C_3F_6, and C_4F_8) [1]. The breakdown voltage (V_s) of N_2, Ar and He gases between the a-C:F film coated Al sphere-sphere electrodes for a gas pressure (p) times gap length (d), pd=0.1-100 Torr¥cm, was studied as well. Then, Vs between the a-C:F film coated electrodes was a several times higher than that between the Al electrodes in the present pd range[2]. In this work, the decomposed species of C_8F_18 in the plasma were identified using emission spectra from the plasma and Quadra-pole mass spectrograph, and the reason why the high deposition rate was obtained was discussed. The physical and chemical properties of a-C:F film was analyzed. [1] C.P.Lungu, et.al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38 (12B) L1544 - L1546 (1999) [2] C.Biloiu, et.al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42 (2B) L 201- L203 (2003) Work supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), JSPS.
Evaluation of the marker of hypercoagulability prothrombin fragment F 1+2 in patients with mechanical or biological heart valve prostheses.

PubMed

Ferreira, Claudia Natália; Vieira, Lauro Mello; Dusse, Luci Maria Sant'Ana; Amaral, Carlos Faria Santos; de Magalhães Esteves, William Antônio; Fenelon, Lúcia Maria Amorim; das Graças Carvalho, Maria

2002-11-01

To investigate whether patients with heart valve prostheses and similar International Normalized Ratios (INR) have the same level of protection against thromboembolic events, that is, whether the anticoagulation intensity is related to the intensity of hypercoagulability suppression. INR and plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2) were assessed in blood samples of 27 patients (7 with mechanical heart valves and 20 with biological heart valves) and 27 blood samples from healthy donors that were not taking any medication. Increased levels of F1+2 were observed in blood samples of 5 patients with heart valve prostheses taking warfarin. These findings reinforce the idea that even though patients may have INRs, within the therapeutic spectrum, they are not free from new thromboembolic events. Determination of the hypercoagulability marker F1+2 might result in greater efficacy and safety for the use of oral anticoagulants, resulting in improved quality of life for patients.
Dark-energy cosmological models in f(G) gravity

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Shamir, M. F., E-mail: farasat.shamir@nu.edu.pk

We discuss dark-energy cosmological models in f(G) gravity. For this purpose, a locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type I cosmological model is considered. First, exact solutions with a well-known form of the f(G) model are explored. One general solution is discussed using a power-law f(G) gravity model and physical quantities are calculated. In particular, Kasner’s universe is recovered and the corresponding f(G) gravity models are reported. Second, the energy conditions for the model under consideration are discussed using graphical analysis. It is concluded that solutions with f(G) = G{sup 5/6} support expansion of universe while those with f(G) = G{sup 1/2}more » do not favor the current expansion.« less
Comparison of Ion Chemistries in Octafluoro-2-butene (2-C4F8) and in Octfluorocyclobutane (c-C4F8)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiao, Charles; Dejoseph, Charles; Garscadden, Alan

2007-10-01

2-C4F8 is one of the promising candidates to replace c-C4F8 that has been widely used for dielectric etching but is not environmentally friendly. In this study we have investigated electron impact ionization and ion-molecule reactions of 2-C4F8 using Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FTMS), and compared the results with those of c-C4F8 we have studied previously. Electron impact ionization of 2-C4F8 produces 15 ionic species including C4F7,8^+, C3F3,5,6^+, C2F4^+ and CF1-3^+ as the major ions. The total ionization cross section of 2-C4F8 reaches a maximum of 1.8x10-15 cm^2 at 90 eV. The ionization is dominated by the channel forming the parent ion C4F8^+ from 12 to 18 eV, and by the channel forming C3F5^+ from 18 to 70 eV. After 70 eV, CF3^+ becomes the dominant product ion. Among the major ions generated from the electron impact ionization of 2-C4F8, only CF^+, CF2^+ and CF3^+ are found to react with 2-C4F8, via F^- abstraction or charge transfer mechanism. The charge transfer reaction of Ar^++2-C4F8 produces primarily C4F7^+.
Dynamic causal modelling on infant fNIRS data: A validation study on a simultaneously recorded fNIRS-fMRI dataset.

PubMed

Bulgarelli, Chiara; Blasi, Anna; Arridge, Simon; Powell, Samuel; de Klerk, Carina C J M; Southgate, Victoria; Brigadoi, Sabrina; Penny, William; Tak, Sungho; Hamilton, Antonia

2018-04-12

Tracking the connectivity of the developing brain from infancy through childhood is an area of increasing research interest, and fNIRS provides an ideal method for studying the infant brain as it is compact, safe and robust to motion. However, data analysis methods for fNIRS are still underdeveloped compared to those available for fMRI. Dynamic causal modelling (DCM) is an advanced connectivity technique developed for fMRI data, that aims to estimate the coupling between brain regions and how this might be modulated by changes in experimental conditions. DCM has recently been applied to adult fNIRS, but not to infants. The present paper provides a proof-of-principle for the application of this method to infant fNIRS data and a demonstration of the robustness of this method using a simultaneously recorded fMRI-fNIRS single case study, thereby allowing the use of this technique in future infant studies. fMRI and fNIRS were simultaneously recorded from a 6-month-old sleeping infant, who was presented with auditory stimuli in a block design. Both fMRI and fNIRS data were preprocessed using SPM, and analysed using a general linear model approach. The main challenges that adapting DCM for fNIRS infant data posed included: (i) the import of the structural image of the participant for spatial pre-processing, (ii) the spatial registration of the optodes on the structural image of the infant, (iii) calculation of an accurate 3-layer segmentation of the structural image, (iv) creation of a high-density mesh as well as (v) the estimation of the NIRS optical sensitivity functions. To assess our results, we compared the values obtained for variational Free Energy (F), Bayesian Model Selection (BMS) and Bayesian Model Average (BMA) with the same set of possible models applied to both the fMRI and fNIRS datasets. We found high correspondence in F, BMS, and BMA between fMRI and fNIRS data, therefore showing for the first time high reliability of DCM applied to infant fNIRS data
Individual Brain Charting, a high-resolution fMRI dataset for cognitive mapping.

PubMed

Pinho, Ana Luísa; Amadon, Alexis; Ruest, Torsten; Fabre, Murielle; Dohmatob, Elvis; Denghien, Isabelle; Ginisty, Chantal; Becuwe-Desmidt, Séverine; Roger, Séverine; Laurier, Laurence; Joly-Testault, Véronique; Médiouni-Cloarec, Gaëlle; Doublé, Christine; Martins, Bernadette; Pinel, Philippe; Eger, Evelyn; Varoquaux, Gaël; Pallier, Christophe; Dehaene, Stanislas; Hertz-Pannier, Lucie; Thirion, Bertrand

2018-06-12

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has furthered brain mapping on perceptual, motor, as well as higher-level cognitive functions. However, to date, no data collection has systematically addressed the functional mapping of cognitive mechanisms at a fine spatial scale. The Individual Brain Charting (IBC) project stands for a high-resolution multi-task fMRI dataset that intends to provide the objective basis toward a comprehensive functional atlas of the human brain. The data refer to a cohort of 12 participants performing many different tasks. The large amount of task-fMRI data on the same subjects yields a precise mapping of the underlying functions, free from both inter-subject and inter-site variability. The present article gives a detailed description of the first release of the IBC dataset. It comprises a dozen of tasks, addressing both low- and high- level cognitive functions. This openly available dataset is thus intended to become a reference for cognitive brain mapping.
Recoil /sup 18/F chemistry. XI. High pressure investigation of 1,1-difluoroethane

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Manning, R.G.; Root, J.W.

1980-06-15

Nuclear recoil /sup 18/F reactions in CH/sub 3/CHF/sub 2/ have been investigated throughout the effective pressure range 0.3--190 atm. The principal reaction channel is F-to-HF abstraction for which the combined yield from quasithermal and energetic processes in the presence of 5 mole% H/sub 2/S additive is 83.4% +- 0.2%. A reaction mechanism is proposed that involves the organic product forming channels F-for-F, F-for-..cap alpha..H, F-for-..beta..H, F-for-CH/sub 3/ and F-for-CHF/sub 2/. The results are compared with those reported for the /sup 18/F+CH/sub 3/CF/sub 3/ system.
Intrinsic quantum anomalous Hall effect in the kagome lattice Cs 2LiMn 3F 12

DOE PAGES

Xu, Gang; Lian, Biao; Zhang, Shou -Cheng

2015-10-27

In a kagome lattice, the time reversal symmetry can be broken by a staggered magnetic flux emerging from ferromagnetic ordering and intrinsic spin-orbit coupling, leading to several well-separated nontrivial Chern bands and intrinsic quantum anomalous Hall effect. Based on this idea and ab initio calculations, we propose the realization of the intrinsic quantum anomalous Hall effect in the single layer Cs 2Mn 3F 12 kagome lattice and on the (001) surface of a Cs 2LiMn 3F 12 single crystal by modifying the carrier coverage on it, where the band gap is around 20 meV. Furthermore, a simplified tight binding modelmore » based on the in-plane ddσ antibonding states is constructed to understand the topological band structures of the system.« less
Simulation for F.C.C. deformation texture by modified pencil glide theory[Face Centered Cubic

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Masui, H.

1999-11-26

Inspired by the pencil glide theory for b.c.c. metal, modified pencil glide theory for f.c.c. metal was proposed, dividing the 12 glide systems of f.c.c. metal into three groups individually composed of eight {l{underscore}brace}111{r{underscore}brace}{l{underscore}angle}110{r{underscore}angle} glide systems around the principal axes X[100], Y[010] and Z[001]. These assumptions yielded two mathematical solutions {Omega}(3) and {Omega}(1). In {Omega}(3), from the three groups with four complete conjugated glide systems composed of, respectively, two glide systems of common {l{underscore}angle}110{r{underscore}angle} direction, only one group with the maximum plastic work may operate if the requirements are satisfied, otherwise glide systems in {Omega}(1) where one of the fourmore » conjugated glide systems is zero are activated. The model considering the 12 glide systems of f.c.c. as a whole explained many experimentally stable orientations in axisymmetric and rolling deformation. The differences between the two pencil glide theories for b.c.c. and f.c.c. are also discussed with data.« less
[18F]CFT [(18F)WIN 35,428], a radioligand to study the dopamine transporter with PET: characterization in human subjects.

PubMed

Laakso, A; Bergman, J; Haaparanta, M; Vilkman, H; Solin, O; Hietala, J

1998-03-01

We have characterized the usage of [18F]CFT (also known as [18F]WIN 35,428) as a radioligand for in vivo studies of human dopamine transporter by PET. CFT was labeled with 18F to a high specific activity, and dynamic PET scans were conducted in healthy volunteers at various time points up to 5 h from [18F]CFT injection. The regional distribution of [18F]CFT uptake correlated well with the known distribution of dopaminergic nerve terminals in the human brain and also with that of other dopamine transporter radioligands. Striatal binding peaked at 225 min after injection and declined thereafter, demonstrating the reversible nature of the binding to the dopamine transporter. Therefore, due to the relatively long half-life of 18F (109.8 min), PET scans with [18F]CFT could easily be conducted during the binding equilibrium, allowing estimation of Bmax/Kd values (i.e., binding potential). Binding potentials for putamen and caudate measured at equilibrium were 4.79+/-0.11 and 4.50+/-0.23, respectively. We were able to also visualize midbrain dopaminergic neurons (substantia nigra) with [18F]CFT in some subjects. In conclusion, the labeling of CFT with 18F allows PET scans to be conducted at binding equilibrium, and therefore a high signal-to-noise ratio and reliable quantification of binding potential can be achieved. With a high resolution 3D PET scanner, the quantification of extrastriatal dopamine transporters should become possible.
What Does f[subscript xx]f[subscript yy] - f[superscript 2][subscript xy] Greater than 0 "Really" Mean?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCartin, Brian J.

2008-01-01

This note presents geometric and physical interpretations of the sufficient condition for a critical point to be a strict relative extremum: f[subscript xx]f[subscript yy] - f[superscript 2][subscript xy] greater than 0. The role of the double derivative f[subscript xy] in this inequality will be highlighted in these interpretations. (Contains 14…
Seasonal and Solar Activity Variations of f3 Layer and StF-4 F-Layer Quadruple Stratification) Near the Equatorial Region

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tardelli, A.; Fagundes, P. R.; Pezzopane, M.; Kavutarapu, V.

2016-12-01

The ionospheric F-layer shape and electron density peak variations depend on local time, latitude, longitude, season, solar cycle, geomagnetic activity, and electrodynamic conditions. In particular, the equatorial and low latitude F-layer may change its shape and peak height in a few minutes due to electric fields induced by propagation of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) or thermospheric - ionospheric coupling. This F-layer electrodynamics feature characterizing the low latitudes is one of the most remarkable ionospheric physics research field. The study of multiple-stratification of the F-layer has the initial records in the mid of the 20th century. Since then, many studies were focused on F3 layer. The diurnal, seasonal and solar activity variations of the F3 layer characteristics have been investigated by several researchers. Recently, investigations on multiple-stratifications of F-layer received an important boost after the quadruple stratification (StF-4) was observed at Palmas (10.3°S, 48.3°W; dip latitude 5.5°S - near equatorial region), Brazil (Tardelli & Fagundes, JGR, 2015). This study present the latest findings related with the seasonal and solar activity characteristics of the F3 layer and StF-4 near the equatorial region during the period from 2002 to 2006. A significant connection between StF-4 and F3 layer has been noticed, since the StF-4 is always preceded and followed by an F3 layer appearance. However, the F3 layer and StF-4 present different seasonal and solar cycle variations. At a near equatorial station Palmas, the F3 layer shows the maximum and minimum occurrence during summer and winter seasons respectively. On the contrary, the StF-4 presents the maximum and minimum occurrence during winter and summer seasons respectively. While the F3 layer occurrence is not affected by solar cycle, the StF-4 appearance is instead more frequent during High Solar Activity (HSA).
Cell wall metabolism and hexose allocation contribute to biomass accumulation in high yielding extreme segregants of a Saccharum interspecific F2 population.

PubMed

Wai, Ching Man; Zhang, Jisen; Jones, Tyler C; Nagai, Chifumi; Ming, Ray

2017-10-11

Sugarcane is an emerging dual-purpose biofuel crop for energy and sugar production, owing to its rapid growth rate, high sucrose storage in the stems, and high lignocellulosic yield. It has the highest biomass production reaching 1.9 billion tonnes in 2014 worldwide. To improve sugarcane biomass accumulation, we developed an interspecific cross between Saccharum officinarum 'LA Purple' and Saccharum robustum 'MOL5829'. Selected F1 individuals were self-pollinated to generate a transgressive F2 population with a wide range of biomass yield. Leaf and stem internodes of fourteen high biomass and eight low biomass F2 extreme segregants were used for RNA-seq to decipher the molecular mechanism of rapid plant growth and dry weight accumulation. Gene Ontology terms involved in cell wall metabolism and carbohydrate catabolism were enriched among 3274 differentially expressed genes between high and low biomass groups. Up-regulation of cellulose metabolism, pectin degradation and lignin biosynthesis genes were observed in the high biomass group, in conjunction with higher transcript levels of callose metabolic genes and the cell wall loosening enzyme expansin. Furthermore, UDP-glucose biosynthesis and sucrose conversion genes were differentially expressed between the two groups. A positive correlation between stem glucose, but not sucrose, levels and dry weight was detected. We thus postulated that the high biomass sugarcane plants rapidly convert sucrose to UDP-glucose, which is the building block of cell wall polymers and callose, in order to maintain the rapid plant growth. The gene interaction of cell wall metabolism, hexose allocation and cell division contributes to biomass yield.
High susceptibility prevalence for F4+ and F18+Escherichia coli in Flemish pigs.

PubMed

Nguyen, Ut V; Coddens, Annelies; Melkebeek, Vesna; Devriendt, Bert; Goetstouwers, Tiphanie; Poucke, Mario Van; Peelman, Luc; Cox, Eric

2017-04-01

F4 and/or F18 enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (F4 + /F18 + ETEC) are responsible for diarrhea while F18 + verotoxigenic E. coli (F18 + VTEC) cause edema disease in pigs. Both infections can result in severe economic losses, which are mainly the result of the medication, growth retardation and mortality. The susceptibility of piglets to these pathogens is determined by the presence of F4 and F18 receptors (F4R and F18R). Understanding the composition of the susceptibility phenotypes of pigs is useful for animal health and breeding management. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of the F4 ETEC susceptibility phenotypes and F18 + E. coli susceptibility among Flemish pig breeds by using the in vitro villous adhesion assay. In this study, seven F4 ETEC susceptibility phenotypes were found, namely A (F4 ab R + , ac R + , ad R + ; 59.16%), B (F4 ab R + , ac R + , ad R - ; 6.28%), C (F4 ab R + , ac R - , ad R + ; 2.62%), D (F4 ab R - , ac R - , ad R + ; 6.28%), E (F4 ab R - , ac R - , ad R - ; 24.08%), F (F4 ab R + , ac R - , ad R - ; 1.05%) and G (F4 ab R - , ac R + , ad R - ; 0.52%). F4ab and F4ac E. coli showed a stronger degree of adhesion to the intestinal villi (53.40% and 52.88% strong adhesion, respectively), compared to F4ad E. coli (43.46% strong adhesion). Furthermore, the correlation between F4ac and F4ab adhesion was higher (r=0.78) than between F4ac and F4ad adhesion (r=0.41) and between F4ab and F4ad adhesion (r=0.57). For F18 + E. coli susceptibility, seven out of 82 pigs were F18R negative (8.54%), but only two of these seven pigs (2.44%) were also negative for F4R. As such, the chance to identify a pig that is positive for a F4 ETEC variant or F18 + E. coli is 97.56%. Therefore, significant economic losses will arise due to F4 + and/or F18 + E. coli infections in the Flemish pig population due to the high susceptibility prevalence. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1/f noise: diffusive systems and music

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Voss, R.F.

1975-11-01

Measurements of the 1/f voltage noise in continuous metal films are reported. At room temperature, samples of pure metals and bismuth (with a carrier density smaller by 10/sup 5/) of similar volume had comparable noise. The results suggest that the noise arises from equilibrium temperature fluctuations modulating the resistance. Spatial correlation of the noise implied that the fluctuations obey a diffusion equation. The empirical inclusion of an explicit 1/f region and appropriate normalization lead to excellent agreement with the measured noise. If the fluctuations are assumed to be spatially correlated, the diffusion equation can yield an extended 1/f region inmore » the power spectrum. The temperature response of a sample to delta and step function power inputs is shown to have the same shape as the autocorrelation function for uncorrelated and correlated temperature fluctuations, respectively. The spectrum obtained from the cosine transform of the measured step function response is in excellent agreement with the measured 1/f voltage noise spectrum. Spatially correlated equilibrium temperature fluctuations are not the dominant source of 1/f noise in semiconductors and metal films. However, the agreement between the low-frequency spectrum of fluctuations in the mean-square Johnson noise voltage and the resistance fluctuation spectrum measured in the presence of a current demonstrates that in these systems the 1/f noise is also due to equilibrium resistance fluctuations. Loudness fluctuations in music and speech and pitch fluctuations in music also show the 1/f behavior. 1/f noise sources, consequently, are demonstrated to be the natural choice for stochastic composition. 26 figures, 1 table. (auth)« less
Penicyclones A-E, Antibacterial Polyketides from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. F23-2.

PubMed

Guo, Wenqiang; Zhang, Zhenzhen; Zhu, Tianjiao; Gu, Qianqun; Li, Dehai

2015-11-25

Five new ambuic acid analogues, penicyclones A-E (1-5), were isolated from the extract of the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium sp. F23-2. The structures including the absolute configurations were established by interpretation of NMR and MS data, as well as the application of ECD, X-ray crystallography, and a chemical conversion, as well as the TDDFT-ECD calculations. Penicyclones A-E (1-5) exhibited antimicrobial activity against the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values ranging from 0.3 to 1.0 μg/mL.
Inner-shell photoionization and core-hole decay of Xe and XeF2.

PubMed

Southworth, Stephen H; Wehlitz, Ralf; Picón, Antonio; Lehmann, C Stefan; Cheng, Lan; Stanton, John F

2015-06-14

Photoionization cross sections and partial ion yields of Xe and XeF2 from Xe 3d(5/2), Xe 3d(3/2), and F 1s subshells in the 660-740 eV range are compared to explore effects of the F ligands. The Xe 3d-ϵf continuum shape resonances dominate the photoionization cross sections of both the atom and molecule, but prominent resonances appear in the XeF2 cross section due to nominal excitation of Xe 3d and F 1s electrons to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), a delocalized anti-bonding MO. Comparisons of the ion products from the atom and molecule following Xe 3d photoionization show that the charge-state distribution of Xe ions is shifted to lower charge states in the molecule along with production of energetic F(+) and F(2+) ions. This suggests that, in decay of a Xe 3d core hole, charge is redistributed to the F ligands and the system dissociates due to Coulomb repulsion. The ion products from excitation of the F 1s-LUMO resonance are different and show strong increases in the yields of Xe(+) and F(+) ions. The subshell ionization thresholds, the LUMO resonance energies, and their oscillator strengths are calculated by relativistic coupled-cluster methods and agree well with measurements.

Inner-shell photoionization and core-hole decay of Xe and XeF 2

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Southworth, Stephen H.; Wehlitz, Ralf; Picón, Antonio

2015-06-14

Photoionization cross sections and partial ion yields of Xe and XeF2 from Xe 3d5/2, Xe 3d3/2, and F 1s subshells in the 660–740 eV range are compared to explore effects of the F ligands. The Xe 3d-ϵf continuum shape resonances dominate the photoionization cross sections of both the atom and molecule, but prominent resonances appear in the XeF2 cross section due to nominal excitation of Xe 3d and F 1s electrons to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), a delocalized anti-bonding MO. Comparisons of the ion products from the atom and molecule following Xe 3d photoionization show that the charge-statemore » distribution of Xe ions is shifted to lower charge states in the molecule along with production of energetic F+ and F2+ ions. This suggests that, in decay of a Xe 3d core hole, charge is redistributed to the F ligands and the system dissociates due to Coulomb repulsion. The ion products from excitation of the F 1s-LUMO resonance are different and show strong increases in the yields of Xe+ and F+ ions. The subshell ionization thresholds, the LUMO resonance energies, and their oscillator strengths are calculated by relativistic coupled-cluster methods and agree well with measurements.« less
''1/f noise'' in music: Music from 1/f noise

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Voss, R.F.; Clarke, J.

1978-01-01

The spectral density of fluctuations in the audio power of many musical selections and of English speech varies approximately as 1/f (f is the frequency) down to a frequency of 5 x 10/sup -4/ Hz. This result implies that the audio-power fluctuations are correlated over all times in the same manner as ''1/f noise'' in electronic components. The frequency fluctuations of music also have a 1/f spectral density at frequencies down to the inverse of the length of the piece of music. The frequency fluctuations of English speech have a quite different behavior, with a single characteristic time of aboutmore » 0.1 s, the average length of a syllable. The observations on music suggest that 1/f noise is a good choice for stochastic composition. Compositions in which the frequency and duration of each note were determined by 1/f noise sources sounded pleasing. Those generated by white-noise sources sounded too random, while those generated by 1/f/sup 2/ noise sounded too correlated.« less
CHClF/sub 2/ (F-22) in the earth's atmosphere

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Rasmussen, R.A.; Khalil, M.A.K.; Penkett, S.A.

1980-10-01

Recent global measurements of CHClF/sub 2/ (F-22) are reported. Originally, GC/MS techniques were used to obtain these data. Since then, significant advances using an O/sub 2/-doped electron capture detector have been made in the analytical techniques, so that F-22 can be measured by EC/GC methods at ambient concentrations. The atmospheric burden of F-22 calculated from these measurements (average mixing ratio, mid-1979, approx.45 pptv) is considerably greater than that expected from the estimates of direct industrial emissions (average mixing ratio, mid-1979, approx.30 pptv). This difference is probably due to underestimates of F-22 emissions.
PCDD/F catalysis by metal chlorides and oxides.

PubMed

Zhang, Mengmei; Yang, Jie; Buekens, Alfons; Olie, Kees; Li, Xiaodong

2016-09-01

Model fly ash (MFA) samples were composed of silica, sodium chloride, and activated carbon, and doped with metal (0.1 wt% Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn and Cd) chloride or oxide. Each sample was de novo tested at 350 °C for 1 h, in a flow of gas (N2, N2 + 10% O2, +21% O2 or +10% H2) to investigate the effect of metal catalyst and gas composition on PCDD/F formation. Total PCDD/F yield rises rapidly with oxygen content, while the addition of hydrogen inhibits the formation and chlorination of PCDD/F. The amount of PCDD on average rises linearly with the oxygen concentration, while that of PCDF follows a reaction order of about 1/2; thus the PCDF to PCDD ratio drops when more oxygen becomes available. Some samples do not follow this trend. Chlorides are much more active than oxides, yet there are marked differences between individual metals. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to study the signatures from all samples, showing their unique specificity and diversity. Each catalyst shows a different signature within its individual homologue groups, demonstrating that these signatures are not thermodynamically controlled. Average congener patterns do not vary considerably with oxygen content changing from oxidising (air) to reducing (nitrogen, hydrogen). Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
ATLAS F MISSILE FIELDS IN THE UNITED STATES, ATLAS F ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

ATLAS F MISSILE FIELDS IN THE UNITED STATES, ATLAS F- TEXAS RING OF TWELVE - Dyess Air Force Base, Atlas F Missle Site S-8, Approximately 3 miles east of Winters, 500 feet southwest of Highway 177, Winters, Runnels County, TX
Comparison of ionospheric F2 peak parameters foF2 and hmF2 with IRI2001 at Hainan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, X.; Shi, J. K.; Wang, G. J.; Gong, Y.

2009-06-01

Monthly median values of foF2, hmF2 and M(3000)F2 parameters, with quarter-hourly time interval resolution for the diurnal variation, obtained with DPS4 digisonde at Hainan (19.5°N, 109.1°E; Geomagnetic coordinates: 178.95°E, 8.1°N) are used to investigate the low-latitude ionospheric variations and comparisons with the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model predictions. The data used for the present study covers the period from February 2002 to April 2007, which is characterized by a wide range of solar activity, ranging from high solar activity (2002) to low solar activity (2007). The results show that (1) Generally, IRI predictions follow well the diurnal and seasonal variation patterns of the experimental values of foF2, especially in the summer of 2002. However, there are systematic deviation between experimental values and IRI predictions with either CCIR or URSI coefficients. Generally IRI model greatly underestimate the values of foF2 from about noon to sunrise of next day, especially in the afternoon, and slightly overestimate them from sunrise to about noon. It seems that there are bigger deviations between IRI Model predictions and the experimental observations for the moderate solar activity. (2) Generally the IRI-predicted hmF2 values using CCIR M(3000)F2 option shows a poor agreement with the experimental results, but there is a relatively good agreement in summer at low solar activity. The deviation between the IRI-predicted hmF2 using CCIR M(3000)F2 and observed hmF2 is bigger from noon to sunset and around sunrise especially at high solar activity. The occurrence time of hmF2 peak (about 1200 LT) of the IRI model predictions is earlier than that of observations (around 1500 LT). The agreement between the IRI hmF2 obtained with the measured M(3000)F2 and the observed hmF2 is very good except that IRI overestimates slightly hmF2 in the daytime in summer at high solar activity and underestimates it in the nighttime with lower values near
Combined Raman and SEM study on CaF2 formed on/in enamel by APF treatments.

PubMed

Tsuda, H; Jongebloed, W L; Stokroos, I; Arends, J

1993-01-01

Raman spectra containing the distinct band at 322 cm-1 due to CaF2 or CaF2-like material formed in/on fluoridated bovine enamel were recorded using a micro-Raman spectrograph. Due to increasing levels of background fluorescence with increasing thickness of enamel, the Raman measurements were carried out on thin regions of wedged enamel sections. The distribution of the CaF2 or CaF2-like material was estimated using a simple model. The results indicate that 1/3 of the total CaF2 was concentrated within the narrow depth < 2 microns with high CaF2 concentrations (> 10 wt%), and that the majority of the CaF2 was distributed over the depths up to 26 microns (1 wt% CaF2). SEM observations on fractured fluoridated enamel confirmed that morphological changes were present in the depth range comparable to that of the high CaF2 concentration region expected from the Raman analysis. In deeper regions where lower concentration (< 10%) but a large amount of CaF2 was still expected, the SEM images failed to distinguish between the normal and fluoridated enamel. After KOH treatment, the Raman spectra did not show evidence of the CaF2 peak and the SEM micrographs also confirmed the removal of globules. The peak position of the Raman band of the CaF2 formed by the fluoridation was identical to that of pure CaF2. However, the linewidth was 23 cm-1 (FWHM) and a factor of 2 broader than that of pure CaF2 (12 cm-1). This implies that the lattice dynamics of the CaF2 formed by fluoridation is different from of pure CaF2, and that the material formed is 'CaF2-like' or 'disordered CaF2'.
Flight Test of the F/A-18 Active Aeroelastic Wing Airplane

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Voracek, David

2007-01-01

A viewgraph presentation of flight tests performed on the F/A active aeroelastic wing airplane is shown. The topics include: 1) F/A-18 AAW Airplane; 2) F/A-18 AAW Control Surfaces; 3) Flight Test Background; 4) Roll Control Effectiveness Regions; 5) AAW Design Test Points; 6) AAW Phase I Test Maneuvers; 7) OBES Pitch Doublets; 8) OBES Roll Doublets; 9) AAW Aileron Flexibility; 10) Phase I - Lessons Learned; 11) Control Law Development and Verification & Validation Testing; 12) AAW Phase II RFCS Envelopes; 13) AAW 1-g Phase II Flight Test; 14) Region I - Subsonic 1-g Rolls; 15) Region I - Subsonic 1-g 360 Roll; 16) Region II - Supersonic 1-g Rolls; 17) Region II - Supersonic 1-g 360 Roll; 18) Region III - Subsonic 1-g Rolls; 19) Roll Axis HOS/LOS Comparison Region II - Supersonic (open-loop); 20) Roll Axis HOS/LOS Comparison Region II - Supersonic (closed-loop); 21) AAW Phase II Elevated-g Flight Test; 22) Region I - Subsonic 4-g RPO; and 23) Phase II - Lessons Learned
Core/Shell NaGdF4:Nd3+/NaGdF4 Nanocrystals with Efficient Near-Infrared to Near-Infrared Downconversion Photoluminescence for Bioimaging Applications

PubMed Central

Chen, Guanying; Ohulchanskyy, Tymish Y.; Liu, Sha; Law, Wing-Cheung; Wu, Fang; Swihart, Mark T.; Ågren, Hans; Prasad, Paras N.

2012-01-01

We have synthesized core/shell NaGdF4:Nd3+/NaGdF4 nanocrystals with an average size of 15 nm and exceptionally high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield. When excited at 740 nm, the nanocrystals manifest spectrally distinguished, near infrared to near infrared (NIR-to-NIR) downconversion PL peaked at ~900, ~1050, and ~1300 nm. The absolute quantum yield of NIR-to-NIR PL reached 40% for core-shell nanoparticles dispersed in hexane. Time-resolved PL measurements revealed that this high quantum yield was achieved through suppression of nonradiative recombination originating from surface states and cross relaxations between dopants. NaGdF4:Nd3+/NaGdF4 nanocrystals, synthesized in organic media, were further converted to be water-dispersible by eliminating the capping ligand of oleic acid. NIR-to-NIR PL bioimaging was demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo through visualization of the NIR-to-NIR PL at ~900 nm under incoherent lamp light excitation. The fact that both excitation and the PL of these nanocrystals are in the biological window of optical transparency, combined with their high quantum efficiency, spectral sharpness and photostability, makes these nanocrystals extremely promising as optical biomaging probes. PMID:22401578
M2-F2 on ramp

NASA Image and Video Library

1966-02-24

The M2-F2 Lifting Body is seen here on the ramp at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers -- the M2-F2 and the HL-10, both built by the Northrop Corporation. The "M" refers to "manned" and "F" refers to "flight" version. "HL" comes from "horizontal landing" and 10 is for the tenth lifting body model to be investigated by Langley. The first flight of the M2-F2 -- which looked much like the "F1" -- was on July 12, 1966. Milt Thompson was the pilot. By then, the same B-52 used to air launch the famed X-15 rocket research aircraft was modified to also carry the lifting bodies. Thompson was dropped from the B-52's wing pylon mount at an altitude of 45,000 feet on that maiden glide flight. The M2-F2 weighed 4,620 pounds, was 22 feet long, and had a width of about 10 feet. On May 10, 1967, during the sixteenth glide flight leading up to powered flight, a landing accident severely damaged the vehicle and seriously injured the NASA pilot, Bruce Peterson. NASA pilots and researchers realized the M2-F2 had lateral control problems, even though it had a stability augmentation control system. When the M2-F2 was rebuilt at Dryden and redesignated the M2-F3, it was modified with an additional third vertical fin -- centered between the tip fins -- to improve control characteristics. The M2-F2/F3 was the first of the heavy-weight, entry-configuration lifting bodies. Its successful development as a research test vehicle answered many of the generic questions about these vehicles. NASA donated the M2-F3 vehicle to the Smithsonian Institute in December 1973. It is currently hanging in the Air and Space Museum along with the X-15 aircraft number 1, which was its hangar partner at Dryden from 1965 to 1969.
Light flavor-singlet scalars and walking signals in N f = 8 QCD on the lattice

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aoki, Yasumichi; Aoyama, Tatsumi; Bennett, Ed

Based on the highly improved staggered quark action, we perform in this paper lattice simulations of N f = 8 QCD and confirm our previous observations, both of a flavor-singlet scalar meson (denoted as σ) as light as the pion and of various “walking signals” through the low-lying spectra, with higher statistics, smaller fermion masses m f, and larger volumes. We measure M π, F π, M ρ, M a0, M a1, M b1, M N, M σ, F σ, (φφ) (both directly and through the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation), and the string tension. The data are consistent with the spontaneously brokenmore » phase of the chiral symmetry, in agreement with the previous results: Ratios of the quantities to M π monotonically increase in the smaller m f region towards the chiral limit similarly to N f = 4 QCD, in sharp contrast to N f = 12 QCD where the ratios become flattened. We perform fits to chiral perturbation theory, with the value of F π found in the chiral limit extrapolation reduced dramatically to roughly 2/3 of the previous result, suggesting the theory is much closer to the conformal window. In fact, each quantity obeys the respective hyperscaling relation throughout a more extensive m f region compared with earlier works. The hyperscaling relation holds with roughly a universal value of the anomalous dimension, γ m ≃ 1, with the notable exception of M π with γ m ≃ 0.6 as in the previous results, which reflects the above growing up of the ratios towards the chiral limit. This is a salient feature (walking signal) of N f = 8, unlike either N f = 4, which has no hyperscaling relation at all, or N f = 12 QCD, which exhibits universal hyperscaling. The effective γ m Ξ γ m(m f) of M π defined for each m f region has a tendency to grow towards unity near the chiral limit, in conformity with the Nambu-Goldstone boson nature, as opposed to the case of N f = 12 QCD where it is almost constant. We further confirm the previous observation of the light σ with mass comparable to
Light flavor-singlet scalars and walking signals in N f = 8 QCD on the lattice

DOE PAGES

Aoki, Yasumichi; Aoyama, Tatsumi; Bennett, Ed; ...

2017-07-18

Based on the highly improved staggered quark action, we perform in this paper lattice simulations of N f = 8 QCD and confirm our previous observations, both of a flavor-singlet scalar meson (denoted as σ) as light as the pion and of various “walking signals” through the low-lying spectra, with higher statistics, smaller fermion masses m f, and larger volumes. We measure M π, F π, M ρ, M a0, M a1, M b1, M N, M σ, F σ, (φφ) (both directly and through the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation), and the string tension. The data are consistent with the spontaneously brokenmore » phase of the chiral symmetry, in agreement with the previous results: Ratios of the quantities to M π monotonically increase in the smaller m f region towards the chiral limit similarly to N f = 4 QCD, in sharp contrast to N f = 12 QCD where the ratios become flattened. We perform fits to chiral perturbation theory, with the value of F π found in the chiral limit extrapolation reduced dramatically to roughly 2/3 of the previous result, suggesting the theory is much closer to the conformal window. In fact, each quantity obeys the respective hyperscaling relation throughout a more extensive m f region compared with earlier works. The hyperscaling relation holds with roughly a universal value of the anomalous dimension, γ m ≃ 1, with the notable exception of M π with γ m ≃ 0.6 as in the previous results, which reflects the above growing up of the ratios towards the chiral limit. This is a salient feature (walking signal) of N f = 8, unlike either N f = 4, which has no hyperscaling relation at all, or N f = 12 QCD, which exhibits universal hyperscaling. The effective γ m Ξ γ m(m f) of M π defined for each m f region has a tendency to grow towards unity near the chiral limit, in conformity with the Nambu-Goldstone boson nature, as opposed to the case of N f = 12 QCD where it is almost constant. We further confirm the previous observation of the light σ with mass comparable to
F-104 in flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1988-01-01

F-104G (N826NA) in flight over the Mojave Desert in January 1988. This aircraft was the last of eleven F-104s delivered to the Dryden Flight Research Center over a period of four decades. The initial group of four (a YF-104A, two F-104As and a two-seat F-104B) arrived between August 1956 and December 1959. One of the F-104As was returned to the Air Force in 1961, and the other was lost in a non-fatal accident in 1962. To support X-15 activities, three special F-104Ns went to NASA in 1963. One crashed in the XB-70 midair collision, and it was replaced by an F-104A/G. (This was an F-104A modified to a G configuration.) As the initial F-104 fleet aged, a pair of two-seat TF-104Gs and a single-seat F-104G joined the Dryden inventory in June 1975. F-104G N826NA, shown in the photo, was one of these. Between 1975 and 1990, the older F-104s were retired - the YF-104A in November 1975, the F-104A/G in June 1977, the F-104B in June 1983, and the two F-104Ns in January 1987 and October 1990. As the F-104s phased out, the replacement F-18s started arriving at Dryden in 1984. F-104s N826NA made its 1,415th and last flight on February 3, 1994. The last two TF-104s ended service in September 1995, ending a 39 year involvement with the aircraft by the NACA and NASA.
Using SPM 12’s Second-Level Bayesian Inference Procedure for fMRI Analysis: Practical Guidelines for End Users

PubMed Central

Han, Hyemin; Park, Joonsuk

2018-01-01

Recent debates about the conventional traditional threshold used in the fields of neuroscience and psychology, namely P < 0.05, have spurred researchers to consider alternative ways to analyze fMRI data. A group of methodologists and statisticians have considered Bayesian inference as a candidate methodology. However, few previous studies have attempted to provide end users of fMRI analysis tools, such as SPM 12, with practical guidelines about how to conduct Bayesian inference. In the present study, we aim to demonstrate how to utilize Bayesian inference, Bayesian second-level inference in particular, implemented in SPM 12 by analyzing fMRI data available to public via NeuroVault. In addition, to help end users understand how Bayesian inference actually works in SPM 12, we examine outcomes from Bayesian second-level inference implemented in SPM 12 by comparing them with those from classical second-level inference. Finally, we provide practical guidelines about how to set the parameters for Bayesian inference and how to interpret the results, such as Bayes factors, from the inference. We also discuss the practical and philosophical benefits of Bayesian inference and directions for future research. PMID:29456498
Enhanced leaf photosynthesis as a target to increase grain yield: insights from transgenic rice lines with variable Rieske FeS protein content in the cytochrome b6 /f complex.

PubMed

Yamori, Wataru; Kondo, Eri; Sugiura, Daisuke; Terashima, Ichiro; Suzuki, Yuji; Makino, Amane

2016-01-01

Although photosynthesis is the most important source for biomass and grain yield, a lack of correlation between photosynthesis and plant yield among different genotypes of various crop species has been frequently observed. Such observations contribute to the ongoing debate whether enhancing leaf photosynthesis can improve yield potential. Here, transgenic rice plants that contain variable amounts of the Rieske FeS protein in the cytochrome (cyt) b6 /f complex between 10 and 100% of wild-type levels have been used to investigate the effect of reductions of these proteins on photosynthesis, plant growth and yield. Reductions of the cyt b6 /f complex did not affect the electron transport rates through photosystem I but decreased electron transport rates through photosystem II, leading to concomitant decreases in CO2 assimilation rates. There was a strong control of plant growth and grain yield by the rate of leaf photosynthesis, leading to the conclusion that enhancing photosynthesis at the single-leaf level would be a useful target for improving crop productivity and yield both via conventional breeding and biotechnology. The data here also suggest that changing photosynthetic electron transport rates via manipulation of the cyt b6 /f complex could be a potential target for enhancing photosynthetic capacity in higher plants. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Concurrent tACS-fMRI Reveals Causal Influence of Power Synchronized Neural Activity on Resting State fMRI Connectivity.

PubMed

Bächinger, Marc; Zerbi, Valerio; Moisa, Marius; Polania, Rafael; Liu, Quanying; Mantini, Dante; Ruff, Christian; Wenderoth, Nicole

2017-05-03

Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is commonly used to study the brain's intrinsic neural coupling, which reveals specific spatiotemporal patterns in the form of resting state networks (RSNs). It has been hypothesized that slow rs-fMRI oscillations (<0.1 Hz) are driven by underlying electrophysiological rhythms that typically occur at much faster timescales (>5 Hz); however, causal evidence for this relationship is currently lacking. Here we measured rs-fMRI in humans while applying transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to entrain brain rhythms in left and right sensorimotor cortices. The two driving tACS signals were tailored to the individual's α rhythm (8-12 Hz) and fluctuated in amplitude according to a 1 Hz power envelope. We entrained the left versus right hemisphere in accordance to two different coupling modes where either α oscillations were synchronized between hemispheres (phase-synchronized tACS) or the slower oscillating power envelopes (power-synchronized tACS). Power-synchronized tACS significantly increased rs-fMRI connectivity within the stimulated RSN compared with phase-synchronized or no tACS. This effect outlasted the stimulation period and tended to be more effective in individuals who exhibited a naturally weak interhemispheric coupling. Using this novel approach, our data provide causal evidence that synchronized power fluctuations contribute to the formation of fMRI-based RSNs. Moreover, our findings demonstrate that the brain's intrinsic coupling at rest can be selectively modulated by choosing appropriate tACS signals, which could lead to new interventions for patients with altered rs-fMRI connectivity. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has become an important tool to estimate brain connectivity. However, relatively little is known about how slow hemodynamic oscillations measured with fMRI relate to electrophysiological processes. It was suggested that slowly fluctuating power envelopes of electrophysiological
Structural, spectroscopic and cytotoxicity studies of TbF3@CeF3 and TbF3@CeF3@SiO2 nanocrystals.

PubMed

Grzyb, Tomasz; Runowski, Marcin; Dąbrowska, Krystyna; Giersig, Michael; Lis, Stefan

2013-01-01

Terbium fluoride nanocrystals, covered by a shell, composed of cerium fluoride were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. Their complex structure was formed spontaneously during the synthesis. The surface of these core/shell nanocrystals was additionally modified by silica. The properties of TbF 3 @CeF 3 and TbF 3 @CeF 3 @SiO 2 nanocrystals, formed in this way, were investigated. Spectroscopic studies showed that the differences between these two groups of products resulted from the presence of the SiO 2 shell. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the trigonal crystal structure of TbF 3 @CeF 3 nanocrystals. High resolution transmission electron microscopy in connection with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed a complex structure of the formed nanocrystals. Crystallized as small discs, 'the products', with an average diameter around 10 nm, showed an increase in the concentration of Tb 3+ ions from surface to the core of nanocrystals. In addition to photo-physical analyses, cytotoxicity studies were performed on HSkMEC (Human Skin Microvascular Endothelial Cells) and B16F0 mouse melanoma cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of the nanomaterials was neutral for the investigated cells with no toxic or antiproliferative effect in the cell cultures, either for normal or for cancer cells. This fact makes the obtained nanocrystals good candidates for biological applications and further modifications of the SiO 2 shell. .
Structural, spectroscopic and cytotoxicity studies of TbF3@CeF3 and TbF3@CeF3@SiO2 nanocrystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Grzyb, Tomasz; Runowski, Marcin; Dąbrowska, Krystyna; Giersig, Michael; Lis, Stefan

2013-10-01

Terbium fluoride nanocrystals, covered by a shell, composed of cerium fluoride were synthesized by a co-precipitation method. Their complex structure was formed spontaneously during the synthesis. The surface of these core/shell nanocrystals was additionally modified by silica. The properties of TbF3@CeF3 and TbF3@CeF3@SiO2 nanocrystals, formed in this way, were investigated. Spectroscopic studies showed that the differences between these two groups of products resulted from the presence of the SiO2 shell. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the trigonal crystal structure of TbF3@CeF3 nanocrystals. High resolution transmission electron microscopy in connection with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy showed a complex structure of the formed nanocrystals. Crystallized as small discs, `the products', with an average diameter around 10 nm, showed an increase in the concentration of Tb3+ ions from surface to the core of nanocrystals. In addition to photo-physical analyses, cytotoxicity studies were performed on HSkMEC (Human Skin Microvascular Endothelial Cells) and B16F0 mouse melanoma cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of the nanomaterials was neutral for the investigated cells with no toxic or antiproliferative effect in the cell cultures, either for normal or for cancer cells. This fact makes the obtained nanocrystals good candidates for biological applications and further modifications of the SiO2 shell.
Monkey cortex through fMRI glasses

PubMed Central

Vanduffel, Wim; Zhu, Qi; Orban, Guy A.

2015-01-01

In 1998 several groups reported the feasibility of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments in monkeys, with the goal to bridge the gap between invasive nonhuman primate studies and human functional imaging. These studies yielded critical insights in the neuronal underpinnings of the BOLD signal. Furthermore, the technology has been successful in guiding electrophysiological recordings and identifying focal perturbation targets. Finally, invaluable information was obtained concerning human brain evolution. We here provide a comprehensive overview of awake monkey fMRI studies mainly confined to the visual system. We review the latest insights about the topographic organization of monkey visual cortex and discuss the spatial relationships between retinotopy and category and feature selective clusters. We briefly discuss the functional layout of parietal and frontal cortex and continue with a summary of some fascinating functional and effective connectivity studies. Finally, we review recent comparative fMRI experiments and speculate about the future of nonhuman primate imaging. PMID:25102559
Monkey cortex through fMRI glasses.

PubMed

Vanduffel, Wim; Zhu, Qi; Orban, Guy A

2014-08-06

In 1998 several groups reported the feasibility of fMRI experiments in monkeys, with the goal to bridge the gap between invasive nonhuman primate studies and human functional imaging. These studies yielded critical insights in the neuronal underpinnings of the BOLD signal. Furthermore, the technology has been successful in guiding electrophysiological recordings and identifying focal perturbation targets. Finally, invaluable information was obtained concerning human brain evolution. We here provide a comprehensive overview of awake monkey fMRI studies mainly confined to the visual system. We review the latest insights about the topographic organization of monkey visual cortex and discuss the spatial relationships between retinotopy and category- and feature-selective clusters. We briefly discuss the functional layout of parietal and frontal cortex and continue with a summary of some fascinating functional and effective connectivity studies. Finally, we review recent comparative fMRI experiments and speculate about the future of nonhuman primate imaging. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Comparison of three dimeric 18F-AlF-NOTA-RGD tracers.

PubMed

Guo, Jinxia; Lang, Lixin; Hu, Shuo; Guo, Ning; Zhu, Lei; Sun, Zhongchan; Ma, Ying; Kiesewetter, Dale O; Niu, Gang; Xie, Qingguo; Chen, Xiaoyuan

2014-04-01

RGD peptide-based radiotracers are well established as integrin αvβ3 imaging probes to evaluate tumor angiogenesis or tissue remodeling after ischemia or infarction. In order to optimize the labeling process and pharmacokinetics of the imaging probes, we synthesized three dimeric RGD peptides with or without PEGylation and performed in vivo screening. Radiolabeling was achieved through the reaction of F-18 aluminum-fluoride complex with the cyclic chelator, 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA). Three imaging probes were synthesized as (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[c(RGDfK)]2, (18)F-AlF-NOTA-PEG4-E[c(RGDfK)]2, and (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2. The receptor binding affinity was determined by competitive cell binding assay, and the stability was evaluated by mouse serum incubation. Tumor uptake and whole body distribution of the three tracers were compared through direct tissue sampling and PET quantification of U87MG tumor-bearing mice. All three compounds remained intact after 120 min incubation with mouse serum. They all had a rapid and relatively high tracer uptake in U87MG tumors with good target-to-background ratios. Compared with the other two tracers, (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2 had the highest tumor uptake and the lowest accumulation in the liver. The integrin receptor specificity was confirmed by co-injection of unlabeled dimeric RGD peptide. The rapid one-step radiolabeling strategy by the complexation of (18)F-aluminum fluoride with NOTA-peptide conjugates was successfully applied to synthesize three dimeric RGD peptides. Among the three probes developed, (18)F-AlF-NOTA-E[PEG4-c(RGDfk)]2 with relatively low liver uptake and high tumor accumulation appears to be a promising candidate for further translational research.
Effect of NQO1 and CYP4F2 genotypes on warfarin dose requirements in Hispanic-Americans and African-Americans.

PubMed

Bress, Adam; Patel, Shitalben R; Perera, Minoli A; Campbell, Richard T; Kittles, Rick A; Cavallari, Larisa H

2012-12-01

The objective of this study was to determine the additional contribution of NQO1 and CYP4F2 genotypes to warfarin dose requirements across two racial groups after accounting for known clinical and genetic predictors. The following were assessed in a cohort of 260 African-Americans and 53 Hispanic-Americans: clinical data; NQO1 p.P187S (*1/*2); CYP2C9*2, *3, *5, *6, *8 and *11; CYP4F2 p.V433M; and VKORC1 c.-1639G>A genotypes. Both the CYP4F2 433M (0.23 vs 0.06; p < 0.05) and NQO1*2 (0.27 vs 0.18; p < 0.05) allele frequencies were higher in Hispanic-Americans compared with African-Americans. Multiple regression analysis in the Hispanic-American cohort revealed that each CYP4F2 433M allele was associated with a 22% increase in warfarin maintenance dose (p = 0.019). Possession of the NQO1*2 allele was associated with a 34% increase in warfarin maintenance dose (p = 0.004), while adjusting for associated genetic (CYP2C9, CYP4F2 and VKORC1) and clinical factors. In this population, the inclusion of CYP4F2 and NQO1*2 genotypes improved the dose variability explained by the model from 0.58 to 0.68 (p = 0.001), a 17% relative improvement. By contrast, there was no association between CYP4F2 or NQO1*2 genotype and therapeutic warfarin dose in African-Americans after adjusting for known genetic and clinical predictors. In our cohort of inner-city Hispanic-Americans, the CYP4F2 and NQO1*2 genotypes significantly contributed to warfarin dose requirements. If our findings are confirmed, they would suggest that inclusion of the CYP4F2 and NQO1*2 genotypes in warfarin dose prediction algorithms may improve the predictive ability of such algorithms in Hispanic-Americans.
Effect of NQO1 and CYP4F2 genotypes on warfarin dose requirements in Hispanic–Americans and African–Americans

PubMed Central

Bress, Adam; Patel, Shitalben R; Perera, Minoli A; Campbell, Richard T; Kittles, Rick A; Cavallari, Larisa H

2013-01-01

Aim The objective of this study was to determine the additional contribution of NQO1 and CYP4F2 genotypes to warfarin dose requirements across two racial groups after accounting for known clinical and genetic predictors. Patients & methods The following were assessed in a cohort of 260 African–Americans and 53 Hispanic–Americans: clinical data; NQO1 p.P187S (*1/*2); CYP2C9*2, *3, *5, *6, *8 and *11; CYP4F2 p.V433M; and VKORC1 c.-1639G>A genotypes. Results Both the CYP4F2 433M (0.23 vs 0.06; p < 0.05) and NQO1*2 (0.27 vs. 0.18; p < 0.05) allele frequencies were higher in Hispanic–Americans compared with African–Americans. Multiple regression analysis in the Hispanic–American cohort revealed that each CYP4F2 433M allele was associated with a 22% increase in warfarin maintenance dose (p = 0.019). Possession of the NQO1*2 allele was associated with a 34% increase in warfarin maintenance dose (p = 0.004), while adjusting for associated genetic (CYP2C9, CYP4F2 and VKORC1) and clinical factors. In this population, the inclusion of CYP4F2 and NQO1*2 genotypes improved the dose variability explained by the model from 0.58 to 0.68 (p = 0.001), a 17% relative improvement. By contrast, there was no association between CYP4F2 or NQO1*2 genotype and therapeutic warfarin dose in African–Americans after adjusting for known genetic and clinical predictors. Conclusion In our cohort of inner-city Hispanic–Americans, the CYP4F2 and NQO1*2 genotypes significantly contributed to warfarin dose requirements. If our findings are confirmed, they would suggest that inclusion of the CYP4F2 and NQO1*2 genotypes in warfarin dose prediction algorithms may improve the predictive ability of such algorithms in Hispanic–Americans. PMID:23215885
Clostridium botulinum strains producing BoNT/F4 or BoNT/F5.

PubMed

Raphael, Brian H; Bradshaw, Marite; Kalb, Suzanne R; Joseph, Lavin A; Lúquez, Carolina; Barr, John R; Johnson, Eric A; Maslanka, Susan E

2014-05-01

Botulinum neurotoxin type F (BoNT/F) may be produced by Clostridium botulinum alone or in combination with another toxin type such as BoNT/A or BoNT/B. Type F neurotoxin gene sequences have been further classified into seven toxin subtypes. Recently, the genome sequence of one strain of C. botulinum (Af84) was shown to contain three neurotoxin genes (bont/F4, bont/F5, and bont/A2). In this study, eight strains containing bont/F4 and seven strains containing bont/F5 were examined. Culture supernatants produced by these strains were incubated with BoNT/F-specific peptide substrates. Cleavage products of these peptides were subjected to mass spectral analysis, allowing detection of the BoNT/F subtypes present in the culture supernatants. PCR analysis demonstrated that a plasmid-specific marker (PL-6) was observed only among strains containing bont/F5. Among these strains, Southern hybridization revealed the presence of an approximately 242-kb plasmid harboring bont/F5. Genome sequencing of four of these strains revealed that the genomic backgrounds of strains harboring either bont/F4 or bont/F5 are diverse. None of the strains analyzed in this study were shown to produce BoNT/F4 and BoNT/F5 simultaneously, suggesting that strain Af84 is unusual. Finally, these data support a role for the mobility of a bont/F5-carrying plasmid among strains of diverse genomic backgrounds.
The roles of 4f- and 5f-orbitals in bonding: A magnetochemical, crystal field, density functional theory, and multi-reference wavefunction study

DOE PAGES

Lukens, Wayne W.; Speldrich, Manfred; Yang, Ping; ...

2016-05-31

The electronic structures of 4f 3/5f 3 Cp" 3M and Cp" 3M·alkylisocyanide complexes, where Cp" is 1,3-bis-(trimethylsilyl)cyclopentadienyl, are explored with a focus on the splitting of the f-orbitals, which provides information about the strengths of the metal–ligand interactions. While the f-orbital splitting in many lanthanide complexes has been reported in detail, experimental determination of the f-orbital splitting in actinide complexes remains rare in systems other than halide and oxide compounds, since the experimental approach, crystal field analysis, is generally significantly more difficult for actinide complexes than for lanthanide complexes. In this study, a set of analogous neodymium(III) and uranium(III) tris-cyclopentadienylmore » complexes and their isocyanide adducts was characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility. The crystal field model was parameterized by combined fitting of EPR and susceptibility data, yielding an accurate description of f-orbital splitting. The isocyanide derivatives were also studied using density functional theory, resulting in f-orbital splitting that is consistent with crystal field fitting, and by multi-reference wavefunction calculations that support the electronic structure analysis derived from the crystal-field calculations. The results highlight that the 5f-orbitals, but not the 4f-orbitals, are significantly involved in bonding to the isocyanide ligands. The main interaction between isocyanide ligand and the metal center is a σ-bond, with additional 5f to π* donation for the uranium complexes. As a result, while interaction with the isocyanide π*-orbitals lowers the energies of the 5f xz2 and 5f yz2-orbitals, spin–orbit coupling greatly reduces the population of 5f xz2 and 5f yz2 in the ground state.« less
Precision half-life measurement of 17F

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Brodeur, M.; Nicoloff, C.; Ahn, T.; Allen, J.; Bardayan, D. W.; Becchetti, F. D.; Gupta, Y. K.; Hall, M. R.; Hall, O.; Hu, J.; Kelly, J. M.; Kolata, J. J.; Long, J.; O'Malley, P.; Schultz, B. E.

2016-02-01

Background: The precise determination of f t values for superallowed mixed transitions between mirror nuclide are gaining attention as they could provide an avenue to test the theoretical corrections used to extract the Vu d matrix element from superallowed pure Fermi transitions. The 17F decay is particularly interesting as it proceeds completely to the ground state of 17O, removing the need for branching ratio measurements. The dominant uncertainty on the f t value of the 17F mirror transition stems from a number of conflicting half-life measurements. Purpose: A precision half-life measurement of 17F was performed and compared to previous results. Methods: The life-time was determined from the β counting of implanted 17F on a Ta foil that was removed from the beam for counting. The 17F beam was produced by transfers reaction and separated by the TwinSol facility of the Nuclear Science Laboratory of the University of Notre Dame. Results: The measured value of t1/2 new=64.402 (42) s is in agreement with several past measurements and represents one of the most precise measurements to date. In anticipation of future measurements of the correlation parameters for the decay and using the new world average t1/2 world=64.398 (61) s, we present a new estimate of the mixing ratio ρ for the mixed transition as well as the correlation parameters based on assuming Standard Model validity. Conclusions: The relative uncertainty on the new world average for the half-life is dominated by the large χ2=31 of the existing measurements. More precision measurements with different systematics are needed to remedy to the situation.
Remaining Sites Verification Package for the 100-F-26:10, 1607-F3 Sanitary Sewer Pipelines (182-F, 183-F, and 151-F Sanitary Sewer Lines), Waste Site Reclassification Form 2007-028

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

L. M. Dittmer

2007-12-03

The 100-F-26:10 waste site includes sanitary sewer lines that serviced the former 182-F, 183-F, and 151-F Buildings. In accordance with this evaluation, the verification sampling results support a reclassification of this site to Interim Closed Out. The results of verification sampling show that residual contaminant concentrations do not preclude any future uses and allow for unrestricted use of shallow zone soils. The results also demonstrate that residual contaminant concentrations are protective of groundwater and the Columbia River.
Fast and repetitive in-capillary production of [18F]FDG.

PubMed

Wester, Hans-Jürgen; Schoultz, Bent Wilhelm; Hultsch, Christina; Henriksen, Gjermund

2009-04-01

The increasing demand for radiopharmaceuticals to be provided reproducibly and flexibly with high frequency for clinical application and animal imaging would be better met by improved or even new strategies for automated tracer production. Radiosynthesis in microfluidic systems, i.e. narrow tubing with a diameter of approximately 50-500 microm, holds promise for providing the means for repetitive multidose and multitracer production. In this study, the performance of a conceptually simple microfluidic device integrated into a fully automated synthesis procedure for in-capillary radiosynthesis (ICR) of clinical grade [(18)F]FDG was evaluated. The instrumental set-up consisted of pumps for reagent and solvent delivery into small mixing chambers, micro-fluidic capillaries, in-process radioactivity monitoring, solid-phase extraction and on-column deprotection of the (18)F-labelled intermediate followed by on-line formulation of [(18)F]FDG. In-capillary(18)F-fluorination of 2.1 micromol 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-O-trifluoromethanesulphonyl-beta-D-mannopyranose (TATM; precursor for [(18)F]FDG) in acetonitrile (MeCN) at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min within 40 s and subsequent on-line hydrolysis of the intermediate by treatment with 0.3 M NaOH for 1 min at 40 degrees C resulted in a radiochemical yield of 88 +/- 4% within <7 min. Reproducibility, robustness and suitability as a fast and efficient radiopharmaceutical research tool for (18)F-fluorination was demonstrated by eight independent, sequentially performed ICRs which provided identical tracer quality (radiochemical purity >97%, MeCN <5 microg/ml) and similar absolute yields (approximately 1.4 GBq). The described ICR process is a simple and efficient alternative to classic radiotracer production systems and provides a comparatively cheap instrumental methodology for the repetitive production of [(18)F]FDG with remarkably high efficiency and high yield under fully automated conditions. Although the results concerning the
Elevated PCDD/F levels and distinctive PCDD/F congener profiles in free range eggs.

PubMed

Hsu, Jing-Fang; Chen, Chun; Liao, Pao-Chi

2010-07-14

Chicken eggs are one of the most important foods in the human diet all over the world, and the demand for eggs from free range hens has steadily increased. Congener-specific analyses of 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were performed on 6 free range and 12 caged chicken egg samples collected in Taiwan. The mean level of PCDD/Fs in the free range egg samples was 5.7 (1.79/0.314) times higher than those in the caged egg samples. Principle component analysis revealed that at least three characteristic patterns of PCDD/F congener were observed among the 18 egg samples. The different PCDD/F congener patterns between free range and caged egg samples may reflect distinctive exposure scenarios among the free range and caged hens. We suggest that the differences of PCDD/F levels and congener patterns between free range and caged egg samples give rise to the issues related to the safety of eating free range chicken eggs. The present data may provide useful information for further investigation of the possible PCDD/F sources in the contaminated free range eggs.
WE-H-207A-05: Spatial Co-Localization of F-18 NaF Vs. F-18 FDG Defined Disease Volumes

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ferjancic, P; Harmon, S; Jeraj, R

Purpose: Both [F-18]NaF and [F-18]FDG show promise for quantitative PET/CT assessment in metastatic prostate cancer to bone. Broad agreement between the tracers has been shown but voxel-wise correspondence has not been explored in depth. This study evaluates the spatial co-localization of [F-18]NaF PET and [F-18]FDG PET in bone lesions. Methods: Seventy-three lesion contours were identified in six patients receiving dynamic NaF PET/CT and FDG PET/CT scans two hours apart using identical fields-of-view. Tracer uptake (SUV) reflecting 60 minutes post-injection was modeled from kinetic parameters. Lesions were segmented by a physician separately on NaF PET and FDG PET. PET images weremore » rigidly aligned using skeletal references on CT images. Lesion size, degree of overlap, voxel-wise tracer uptake values (SUV), and CT density distributions were compared using Dice coefficient, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), and Spearman rank correlation tests. Results: Across all patients, 42 lesions were identified on NaF PET (median 1.4 cm{sup 3}, range <1–204 cm{sup 3}) compared to 31 using FDG PET (median 1.8 cm{sup 3}, range <1–244 cm{sup 3}). Spatial cooccurrence was found in 25 lesion pairs. Lesions on NaF PET had PPV of 0.91 and on FDG a PPV of 0.65. Overall, NaF-defined lesions were 47% (±24%) larger by volume with moderate overlap to FDG, resulting in mean Dice coefficient of 34% (±22%). In areas of overlap, voxel-wise correlation of NaF and FDG SUV was moderate (ρ=0.56). Expanding to regions of non-spatial overlap, voxels contained in FDG-only contours were almost exclusively low HU (median 118), compared to dense regions of NaF-only voxels (median 250). In sclerotic sub-volumes (HU > 300) NaF-defined contours encompassed 83% of total FDG volume. Conclusion: Moderate voxel-wise correlation of FDG and NaF PET/CT uptake was observed. Spatial discrepancies in FDG and NaF PET/CT imaging of boney metastases could be influenced by poor sensitivity of FDG PET/CT in
Phase equilibria in the NaF-CdO-NaPO3 system at 873 K and crystal structure and physico-chemical characterizations of the new Na2CdPO4F fluorophosphate

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aboussatar, Mohamed; Mbarek, Aïcha; Naili, Houcine; El-Ghozzi, Malika; Chadeyron, Geneviève; Avignant, Daniel; Zambon, Daniel

2017-04-01

Isothermal sections of the diagram representing phase relationships in the NaF-CdO-NaPO3 system have been investigated by solid state reactions and powder X-ray diffraction. This phase diagram investigation confirms the polymorphism of the NaCdPO4 side component and the structure of the ß high temperature polymorph (orthorhombic, space group Pnma and unit cell parameters a=9.3118(2), b=7.0459(1), c=5.1849(1) Å has been refined. A new fluorophosphate, Na2CdPO4F, has been discovered and its crystal structure determined and refined from powder X-ray diffraction data. It exhibits a new 3D structure with orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pnma and unit cell parameters a=5.3731(1), b=6.8530(1), c=12.2691(2) Å. The structure is closely related to those of the high temperature polymorph of the nacaphite Na2CaPO4F and the fluorosilicate Ca2NaSiO4F but differs essentially in the cationic repartition since the structure is fully ordered with one Na site (8d) and one Cd site (4c). Relationships with other Na2MIIPO4F (MII=Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) have been examined and the crystal-chemical and topographical analysis of these fluorophosphates is briefly reviewed. IR, Raman, optical and 19F, 23Na, 31P MAS NMR characterizations of Na2CdPO4F have been investigated.
Synthesis and characterization of F-doped Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles with improved near infrared shielding ability

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Liu, Jingxiao; Luo, Jiayu; Shi, Fei, E-mail: shifei@dlpu.edu.cn

2015-01-15

F-doped Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method with hydrofluoric acid as fluorine source, and a new kind of heat insulating films were prepared from dispersion of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} nanoparticles in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution. The effects of F doping on the crystal structure and morphology of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles as well as the near-infrared (NIR) shielding ability and heat insulation properties of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} films were investigated. The results indicated that HF acid addition could promote the formation of rod-like Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles during hydrothermalmore » synthesis and increase the yield of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} powders. Moreover, the as-prepared films from dispersion solution of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles exhibited higher near-infrared (NIR) shielding ability and heat insulating properties than that of the undoped Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3} film. Particularly, the as-prepared Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} sample with F/W (molar ratio)=0.45 showed best NIR shielding ability and transparent heat insulating performance. The formation mechanism of nanorod-like particles and the effects of F doping on the properties of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} products were discussed. - Graphical abstract: F-doped Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles were successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method with hydrofluoric acid as fluorine source. HF acid addition in the precursor solution could increase the yield of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} powders and promote the formation of rod-like Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles. Moreover, the as-prepared Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} films from dispersion solution of Cs{sub 0.33}WO{sub 3−x}F{sub x} particles exhibited higher near-infrared (NIR) shielding ability and heat insulating properties than that of the
Air Force F-22 Fighter Program: Background and Issues for Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-11-25

recover those critical skills becomes increasingly expensive, particularly where F-22 comprises a large share of their overall business.23 The Air...15, is offering for sale on the international market an upgraded version of the F-15 called the Silent Eagle, which incorporates some added stealth...is only stealthy from the front,” Hirata says, referencing a limitation shared by the Eurofighter Typhoon. “I am afraid that the F-15 Silent Eagle
12 CFR 226.23 - Right of rescission.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... TRUTH IN LENDING (REGULATION Z) Closed-End Credit § 226.23 Right of rescission. (a) Consumer's right to... consumer's principal dwelling, each consumer whose ownership interest is or will be subject to the security interest shall have the right to rescind the transaction, except for transactions described in paragraph (f...
Adhesive F-actin Waves: A Novel Integrin-Mediated Adhesion Complex Coupled to Ventral Actin Polymerization

PubMed Central

Case, Lindsay B.; Waterman, Clare M.

2011-01-01

At the leading lamellipodium of migrating cells, protrusion of an Arp2/3-nucleated actin network is coupled to formation of integrin-based adhesions, suggesting that Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization and integrin-dependent adhesion may be mechanistically linked. Arp2/3 also mediates actin polymerization in structures distinct from the lamellipodium, in “ventral F-actin waves” that propagate as spots and wavefronts along the ventral plasma membrane. Here we show that integrins engage the extracellular matrix downstream of ventral F-actin waves in several mammalian cell lines as well as in primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts. These “adhesive F-actin waves” require a cycle of integrin engagement and disengagement to the extracellular matrix for their formation and propagation, and exhibit morphometry and a hierarchical assembly and disassembly mechanism distinct from other integrin-containing structures. After Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization, zyxin and VASP are co-recruited to adhesive F-actin waves, followed by paxillin and vinculin, and finally talin and integrin. Adhesive F-actin waves thus represent a previously uncharacterized integrin-based adhesion complex associated with Arp2/3-mediated actin polymerization. PMID:22069459
Synthesis and preclinical characterization of 1-(6'-deoxy-6'-[18F]fluoro-β-d-allofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole (β-6'-[18F]FAZAL) as a positron emission tomography radiotracer to assess tumor hypoxia.

PubMed

Wanek, Thomas; Kreis, Katharina; Križková, Petra; Schweifer, Anna; Denk, Christoph; Stanek, Johann; Mairinger, Severin; Filip, Thomas; Sauberer, Michael; Edelhofer, Patricia; Traxl, Alexander; Muchitsch, Viktoria E; Mereiter, Kurt; Hammerschmidt, Friedrich; Cass, Carol E; Damaraju, Vijaya L; Langer, Oliver; Kuntner, Claudia

2016-11-01

Positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 ( 18 F)-labeled 2-nitroimidazole radiotracers has proven useful for assessment of tumor oxygenation. However, the passive diffusion-driven cellular uptake of currently available radiotracers results in slow kinetics and low tumor-to-background ratios. With the aim to develop a compound that is actively transported into cells, 1-(6'-deoxy-6'-[ 18 F]fluoro-β-d-allofuranosyl)-2-nitroimidazole (β-[ 18 F]1), a putative nucleoside transporter substrate, was synthetized by nucleophilic [ 18 F]fluoride substitution of an acetyl protected labeling precursor with a tosylate leaving group (β-6) in a final radiochemical yield of 12±8% (n=10, based on [ 18 F]fluoride starting activity) in a total synthesis time of 60min with a specific activity at end of synthesis of 218±58GBq/μmol (n=10). Both radiolabeling precursor β-6 and unlabeled reference compound β-1 were prepared in multistep syntheses starting from 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-d-allofuranose. In vitro experiments demonstrated an interaction of β-1 with SLC29A1 and SLC28A1/2/3 nucleoside transporter as well as hypoxia specific retention of β-[ 18 F]1 in tumor cell lines. In biodistribution studies in healthy mice β-[ 18 F]1 showed homogenous tissue distribution and excellent metabolic stability, which was unaffected by tissue oxygenation. PET studies in tumor bearing mice showed tumor-to-muscle ratios of 2.13±0.22 (n=4) at 2h after administration of β-[ 18 F]1. In ex vivo autoradiography experiments β-[ 18 F]1 distribution closely matched staining with the hypoxia marker pimonidazole. In conclusion, β-[ 18 F]1 shows potential as PET hypoxia radiotracer which merits further investigation. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
77 FR 51842 - Social Security Acquiescence Ruling (AR) 12-X(8); Petersen v. Astrue, 633 F.3d 633 (8th Cir. 2011...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-27

... SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION [Docket No. SSA-2012-0046] Social Security Acquiescence Ruling (AR) 12-X(8); Petersen v. Astrue, 633 F.3d 633 (8th Cir. 2011); Whether a National Guard Technician Who.... Acquiescence Ruling 12-X(8) Petersen v. Astrue, 633 F.3d 633 (8th Cir. 2011): Whether a National Guard...
Reflection polarizers for the vacuum ultraviolet using Al + MgF2 mirrors and an MgF2 plate

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Hass, G.; Hunter, W. R.

1978-01-01

Consideration is given to the design and operation of a three-mirror reflecting polarizer where one of the reflecting surfaces is an MgF2 plate, the other surfaces are Al + MgF2 coatings, and one reflection occurs at or near the true Brewster angle. It is found that the polarizer is most efficient in the 1200-2000 A wavelength region, and that by optimum selection of the angle of incidence on the MgF2 plate, polarization values of 100 and over are yielded from 900 to 3000 A. The polarizer may be used at wavelengths as short as 500 A, although it is observed that at such wavelengths the polarization value decreases to about 10. It is noted that all reflecting polarizers operating in the vacuum ultraviolet wavelength may manifest changing characteristics as their mirrors become contaminated, and that polarization must therefore be occasionally remeasured.
Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae: a threat to global oat production

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae causes crown rust disease in cultivated and wild oat. The significant yield losses inflicted by this pathogen makes crown rust the most devastating disease in the oat industry. P. coronata f. sp. avenae is a basidiomycete fungus with an obligate biotrophic lifestyle a...
Study of electronic sputtering of CaF2 thin films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pandey, Ratnesh K.; Kumar, Manvendra; Khan, Saif A.; Kumar, Tanuj; Tripathi, Ambuj; Avasthi, D. K.; Pandey, Avinash C.

2014-01-01

In the present work thin films of CaF2 deposited on Si substrate by electron beam evaporation have been investigated for swift heavy ions induced sputtering and surface modifications. Glancing angle X-ray Diffraction (GAXRD) measurements show that the pristine films are polycrystalline in nature and the grain size increases with increase in film thickness. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) of pristine as well as irradiated films was performed to determine the sputter yield of CaF2 and a decrease in sputter yield has been observed with increase in film thickness. Thermal spike model has been applied to explain this. The confinement of energy in the grains having size smaller than the electron mean free path (λ) results in a higher sputtering yield. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies of irradiated CaF2 thin films show formation of cracks on film surface at a fluence of 5 × 1012 ions/cm2. Also RBS results confirm the removal of film from the surface and more exposure of substrate with increasing dose of ions.

Accuracy of 18F-FDOPA Positron Emission Tomography and 18F-FET Positron Emission Tomography for Differentiating Radiation Necrosis from Brain Tumor Recurrence.

PubMed

Yu, Jun; Zheng, Jingwei; Xu, Weilin; Weng, Jiaqi; Gao, Liansheng; Tao, Li; Liang, Feng; Zhang, Jianmin

2018-06-01

Distinguishing radiation necrosis from brain tumor recurrence remains challenging. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic accuracy of 2 different amino acid tracers used in positron emission tomography/computed tomography scans: 18 F-FDOPA (6-[18F]-fluoro-L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) and 18 F-FET (O-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine). We searched for studies in 3 databases: PubMed, Embase, and Chinese Biomedical databases. The data were extracted from eligible studies and then processed with heterogeneity test, threshold effect test, and calculations of sensitivity, specificity, and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to explore the source of heterogeneity. A total of 48 studies ( 18 F-FDOPA, n = 21; 18 F-FET, n = 27) were included. Quantitative synthesis determined pooled weight values in the 18 F-FDOPA and 18 F-FET groups: sensitivity, 0.85 versus 0.82; specificity, 0.77 versus 0.80; diagnostic odds ratio, 21.7 versus 23.03; area under the curve (AUC) values, 0.8771 versus 0.8976 (P = 0.46). Moreover, the type of tumor was identified as the possible source of the significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 52%; P = 0.003) found in the 18 F-FDOPA group. In meta-regression and subgroup analyses, 18 F-FDOPA showed better diagnostic accuracy in patients with glioma compared with patients with brain metastases (AUC values, 0.9691 vs. 0.837; P < 0.01). 18 F-FDOPA also showed a significant advantage in the diagnosis of glioma recurrence compared with 18 F-FET (AUC values, 0.9691 vs. 0.9124; P = 0.015). Both 18 F-FDOPA and 18 F-FET exhibit moderate overall accuracy in diagnosing brain tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis. However, 18 F-FDOPA is more adept at diagnosing glioma recurrence compared with brain metastases, and it is more effective than 18 F-FET in diagnosing glioma recurrence. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Phase equilibria in the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system at 873 K and crystal structure and physico-chemical characterizations of the new Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F fluorophosphate

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Aboussatar, Mohamed; Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie de l’État Solide, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax; Mbarek, Aïcha

Isothermal sections of the diagram representing phase relationships in the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system have been investigated by solid state reactions and powder X-ray diffraction. This phase diagram investigation confirms the polymorphism of the NaCdPO{sub 4} side component and the structure of the ß high temperature polymorph (orthorhombic, space group Pnma and unit cell parameters a=9.3118(2), b=7.0459(1), c=5.1849(1) Å has been refined. A new fluorophosphate, Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F, has been discovered and its crystal structure determined and refined from powder X-ray diffraction data. It exhibits a new 3D structure with orthorhombic symmetry, space group Pnma and unit cell parameters a=5.3731(1), b=6.8530(1),more » c=12.2691(2) Å. The structure is closely related to those of the high temperature polymorph of the nacaphite Na{sub 2}CaPO{sub 4}F and the fluorosilicate Ca{sub 2}NaSiO{sub 4}F but differs essentially in the cationic repartition since the structure is fully ordered with one Na site (8d) and one Cd site (4c). Relationships with other Na{sub 2}M{sup II}PO{sub 4}F (M{sup II}=Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) have been examined and the crystal-chemical and topographical analysis of these fluorophosphates is briefly reviewed. IR, Raman, optical and {sup 19}F, {sup 23}Na, {sup 31}P MAS NMR characterizations of Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F have been investigated. - Graphical abstract: The structure of the compound Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F, discovered during the study of the phase relationships in the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system, has been determined and compared with other Na{sub 2}M{sup II}PO{sub 4}F fluorophosphates. - Highlights: • XRD analysis of the isothermal section of the NaF-CdO-NaPO{sub 3} system at 923 K. • Rietveld refinement of the high temperature polymorph β-NaCdPO{sub 4}. • Crystal structure of the new Na{sub 2}CdPO{sub 4}F fluorophosphate determined from powder XRD. • Crystal structure - composition relationships of Na{sub 2}M{sup II}PO{sub 4}F
Novel synthesis and initial preclinical evaluation of (18)F-[FDG] labeled rhodamine: a potential PET myocardial perfusion imaging agent.

PubMed

AlJammaz, Ibrahim; Al-Otaibi, Basim; AlHindas, Hussein; Okarvi, Subhani M

2015-10-01

Myocardial perfusion imaging is one of the most commonly performed investigations in nuclear medicine studies. Due to the clinical importance of [(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([(18)F]-FDG) and its availability in almost every PET center, a new radiofluorinated [(18)F]-FDG-rhodamine conjugate was synthesized using [(18)F]-FDG as a prosthetic group. In a convenient and simple one-step radiosynthesis, [(18)F]-FDG-rhodamine conjugate was prepared in quantitative radiochemical yields, with total synthesis time of nearly 20 min and radiochemical purity of greater than 98%, without the need for HPLC purification, which make these approaches amenable for automation. Biodistribution studies in normal rats at 60 min post-injection demonstrated a high uptake in the heart (>11% ID/g) and favorable pharmacokinetics. Additionally, [(18)F]-FDG-rhodamine showed an extraction value of 27.63%±5.12% in rat hearts. These results demonstrate that [(18)F]-FDG-rhodamine conjugate may be useful as an imaging agent for the positron emission tomography evaluation of myocardial perfusion. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Swift heavy-ions induced sputtering in BaF2 thin films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pandey, Ratnesh K.; Kumar, Manvendra; Singh, Udai B.; Khan, Saif A.; Avasthi, D. K.; Pandey, Avinash C.

2013-11-01

In our present experiment a series of barium fluoride thin films of different thicknesses have been deposited by electron beam evaporation technique at room temperature on silicon substrates. The effect of film thickness on the electronic sputter yield of polycrystalline BaF2 thin films has been reported in the present work. Power law for sputtered species collected on catcher grids has also been reported for film of lowest thickness. Sputtering has been performed by 100 MeV Au+28 ions. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been done to check the surface morphology of pristine samples. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction (GAXRD) measurements show that the pristine films are polycrystalline in nature and the grain size increases with increase in film thickness. Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) of pristine as well as irradiated films was done to determine the areal concentration of Ba and F atoms in the films. A reduction in the sputter yield of BaF2 films with the increase in film thickness has been observed from RBS results. The thickness dependence sputtering is explained on the basis of thermal spike and the energy confinement of the ions in the smaller grains. Also transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the catchers shows a size distribution of sputtered species with values of power law exponent 1/2 and 3/2 for two fluences 5 × 1011 and 1 × 1012 ions/cm2, respectively.
Mechanism of Action of TiF4 on Dental Enamel Surface: SEM/EDX, KOH-Soluble F, and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis.

PubMed

Comar, Lívia P; Souza, Beatriz M; Al-Ahj, Luana P; Martins, Jessica; Grizzo, Larissa T; Piasentim, Isabelle S; Rios, Daniela; Buzalaf, Marília Afonso Rabelo; Magalhães, Ana Carolina

2017-10-12

This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the action of TiF4 on sound and carious bovine and human enamel. Sound (S) and pre-demineralised (DE) bovine and human (primary and permanent) enamel samples were treated with TiF4 (pH 1.0) or NaF varnishes (pH 5.0), containing 0.95, 1.95, or 2.45% F for 12 h. The enamel surfaces were analysed using SEM-EDX (scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) (n = 10, 5 S and 5 DE) and KOH-soluble fluoride was quantified (n = 20, 10 S and 10 DE). Hydroxyapatite powder produced by precipitation method was treated with the corresponding fluoride solutions for 1 min (n = 2). The formed compounds were detected using X-ray diffraction (XRD). All TiF4 varnishes produced a coating layer rich in Ti and F on all types of enamel surface, with micro-cracks in its extension. TiF4 (1.95 and 2.45% F) provided higher fluoride deposition than NaF, especially for bovine enamel (p < 0.0001). It also induced a higher fluoride deposition on DE samples compared to S samples (p < 0.0001), except for primary enamel. The Ti content was higher for bovine and human primary enamel than human permanent enamel, with some differences between S and DE. The XRD analysis showed that TiF4 induced the formation of new compounds such as CaF2, TiO2, and Ti(HPO4)2·H2O. In conclusion, TiF4 (>0.95% F) interacts better, when compared to NaF, with bovine and human primary enamel than with human permanent enamel. TiF4 provoked higher F deposition compared to NaF. Carious enamel showed higher F uptake than sound enamel by TiF4 application, while Ti uptake was dependent on the enamel condition and origin. © 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.
[18F]fallypride characterization of striatal and extrastriatal D2/3 receptors in Parkinson's disease.

PubMed

Stark, Adam J; Smith, Christopher T; Petersen, Kalen J; Trujillo, Paula; van Wouwe, Nelleke C; Donahue, Manus J; Kessler, Robert M; Deutch, Ariel Y; Zald, David H; Claassen, Daniel O

2018-01-01

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by widespread degeneration of monoaminergic (especially dopaminergic) networks, manifesting with a number of both motor and non-motor symptoms. Regional alterations to dopamine D 2/3 receptors in PD patients are documented in striatal and some extrastriatal areas, and medications that target D 2/3 receptors can improve motor and non-motor symptoms. However, data regarding the combined pattern of D 2/3 receptor binding in both striatal and extrastriatal regions in PD are limited. We studied 35 PD patients off-medication and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) using PET imaging with [ 18 F]fallypride, a high affinity D 2/3 receptor ligand, to measure striatal and extrastriatal D 2/3 nondisplaceable binding potential (BP ND ). PD patients completed PET imaging in the off medication state, and motor severity was concurrently assessed. Voxel-wise evaluation between groups revealed significant BP ND reductions in PD patients in striatal and several extrastriatal regions, including the locus coeruleus and mesotemporal cortex. A region-of-interest (ROI) based approach quantified differences in dopamine D 2/3 receptors, where reduced BP ND was noted in the globus pallidus, caudate, amygdala, hippocampus, ventral midbrain, and thalamus of PD patients relative to HC subjects. Motor severity positively correlated with D 2/3 receptor density in the putamen and globus pallidus. These findings support the hypothesis that abnormal D 2/3 expression occurs in regions related to both the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD, including areas richly invested with noradrenergic neurons.
Parameters to Maximize 2f2-f1 Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission Levels

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horn, Jennifer H.; Pratt, Shiela R.; Durrant, John D.

2008-01-01

Purpose: Past research has established parameters for the 2f1-f2 distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) that enhance response levels (e.g., L1 - L2 = 10 dB; f2/f1 = 1.22; L1, L2 = 65, 55 dB SPL). These same parameters do not optimize 2f2-f1 DPOAEs. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate more completely those parameters that…
[Effects of Different Planting Direction and Layer Combination on Gastrodia elata f. elata in Bionic Wild Cultivation].

PubMed

Liu, Wei; Zhao, Zhi; Wang, Hua-lei; Luo, Fu-lai; Li, Jin-ling; Liu, Hong-chang; Luo, Chun-li

2015-05-01

Combination of different planting direction and layer were set to choose the best technology of cultivation of Gastrodia elata f. elata. To improve the yield and quality of Gastrodia elata f. elata, randomized block design experiments were carried out to investigate the yield and quality, and to analyze their economic effectiveness in bionic wild cultivation. Length, width, thickness and weight of southern direction's Gastrodia elata f. elata developed better than the northeast direction. The three planting layer levels on growth effect of Gastrodia elata f. elata was the 3rd layer > the 2nd layer > the 1st layer. In six treatments, combination of southern direction-the 3rd layer was the best technology of cultivation of Gastrodia elata f. elata, which had the best growth condition, the highest yield significantly higher than other treatments, and the best economic benefits. Southern direction associated with the 3rd layer is the best combination to planting Gastrodia elata f. elata in bionic wild cultivation. The planting ways not only improve the yield and quality, but also save land.
KrF laser-induced OH fluorescence imaging in a supersonic combustion tunnel

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Quagliaroli, T. M.; Laufer, G.; Hollo, S. D.; Krauss, R. H.; Whitehurst, R. B., III; Mcdaniel, J. C., Jr.

1992-01-01

Planar fluorescence images of OH in a continuous-flow, electrical-resistively heated, high enthalpy, hydrogen-air combustion tunnel, induced by a tunable KrF laser, were recorded. These images were compared to previously recorded fluorescence images induced by a doubled-dye laser under similar conditions. Images induced by the doubled-dye laser system demonstrated a severe distortion caused by absorption and fluorescence trapping. By contrast, images of the fluorescence induced by the tunable KrF laser retained the symmetry properties of the flow. Based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements the yield of the fluorescence induced by the doubled-dye laser is larger than the fluorescence yield induced by the KrF laser. The measurements in the present facility of OH fluorescence induced by the KrF laser were limited by the photon-statistical noise. Based 2 on this result, doubled-dye laser systems are recommended for OH imaging in small and OH lean (less than 10 exp 15/cu cm) facilities. KrF lasers should be selected otherwise.
NiF2/NaF:CaF2/Ca Solid-State High-Temperature Battery Cells

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

West, William; Whitacre, Jay; DelCastillo, Linda

2009-01-01

Experiments and theoretical study have demonstrated the promise of all-solid-state, high-temperature electrochemical battery cells based on NiF2 as the active cathode material, CaF2 doped with NaF as the electrolyte material, and Ca as the active anode material. These and other all-solid-state cells have been investigated in a continuing effort to develop batteries for instruments that must operate in environments much hotter than can be withstood by ordinary commercially available batteries. Batteries of this type are needed for exploration of Venus (where the mean surface temperature is about 450 C), and could be used on Earth for such applications as measuring physical and chemical conditions in geothermal wells and oil wells. All-solid-state high-temperature power cells are sought as alternatives to other high-temperature power cells based, variously, on molten anodes and cathodes or molten eutectic salt electrolytes. Among the all-solid-state predecessors of the present NiF2/NaF:CaF2/Ca cells are those described in "Solid-State High-Temperature Power Cells" (NPO-44396), NASA Tech Briefs, Vol. 32, No. 5 (May 2008), page 40. In those cells, the active cathode material is FeS2, the electrolyte material is a crystalline solid solution of equimolar amounts of Li3PO4 and LiSiO4, and the active anode material is Li contained within an alloy that remains solid in the intended high operational temperature range.
Hydriding and dehydriding rates of Mg, Mg-10TaF5, and Mg-10NbF5 prepared via reactive mechanical grinding

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Song, Myoung Youp; Kwak, Young Jun; Lee, Seong Ho; Park, Hye Ryoung

2015-01-01

In this work, TaF5 and NbF5 were chosen as additives to enhance the hydriding and dehydriding rates of Mg. Mg, Mg-10TaF5, and Mg-10NbF5 samples were prepared by reactive mechanical grinding. The hydriding and dehydriding properties of the samples were then examined. Mg-10TaF5 had the largest amount of hydrogen absorbed for 30 min and the highest initial dehydriding rate after incubation period, followed in order by Mg-10NbF5, and Mg. At 593 K under 12 bar H2 at the first cycle, Mg-10TaF5 absorbed 3.63 wt% H for 5 min and 4.53 wt% H for 30 min. At 593 K under 1.0 bar H2 at the first cycle, Mg-10TaF5 desorbed 0 wt% H for 2.5 min, 0.59 wt% H for 5 min, 3.42 wt% H for 30 min, and 4.24 wt% H for 60 min. The reactive mechanical grinding of Mg with TaF5 or NbF5 is believed to have facilitated the nucleation and to have decreased the diffusion distances of hydrogen atoms. These two effects are believed to have increased the hydriding and dehydriding rates of Mg. The MgF2 and Ta2H formed in Mg-10TaF5, and the MgF2, NbH2, and NbF3 formed in Mg-10NbF5 are considered to have enhanced both of these effects.
Automated radiosynthesis of Al[18F]PSMA-11 for large scale routine use.

PubMed

Kersemans, Ken; De Man, Kathia; Courtyn, Jan; Van Royen, Tessa; Piron, Sarah; Moerman, Lieselotte; Brans, Boudewijn; De Vos, Filip

2018-05-01

We report a reproducible automated radiosynthesis for large scale batch production of clinical grade Al[ 18 F]PSMA-11. A SynthraFCHOL module was optimized to synthesize Al[ 18 F]PSMA-11 by Al[ 18 F]-chelation. Results Al[ 18 F]PSMA-11 was synthesized within 35min in a yield of 21 ± 3% (24.0 ± 6.0GBq) and a radiochemical purity > 95%. Batches were stable for 4h and conform the European Pharmacopeia guidelines. The automated synthesis of Al[ 18 F]PSMA-11 allows for large scale production and distribution of Al[ 18 F]PSMA-11. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Factors affecting expression of the recF gene of Escherichia coli K-12.

PubMed

Sandler, S J; Clark, A J

1990-01-31

This report describes four factors which affect expression of the recF gene from strong upstream lambda promoters under temperature-sensitive cIAt2-encoded repressor control. The first factor was the long mRNA leader sequence consisting of the Escherichia coli dnaN gene and 95% of the dnaA gene and lambda bet, N (double amber) and 40% of the exo gene. When most of this DNA was deleted, RecF became detectable in maxicells. The second factor was the vector, pBEU28, a runaway replication plasmid. When we substituted pUC118 for pBEU28, RecF became detectable in whole cells by the Coomassie blue staining technique. The third factor was the efficiency of initiation of translation. We used site-directed mutagenesis to change the mRNA leader, ribosome-binding site and the 3 bp before and after the translational start codon. Monitoring the effect of these mutational changes by translational fusion to lacZ, we discovered that the efficiency of initiation of translation was increased 30-fold. Only an estimated two- or threefold increase in accumulated levels of RecF occurred, however. This led us to discover the fourth factor, namely sequences in the recF gene itself. These sequences reduce expression of the recF-lacZ fusion genes 100-fold. The sequences responsible for this decrease in expression occur in four regions in the N-terminal half of recF. Expression is reduced by some sequences at the transcriptional level and by others at the translational level.
Comparison of BOLD, diffusion-weighted fMRI and ADC-fMRI for stimulation of the primary visual system with a block paradigm.

PubMed

Nicolas, R; Gros-Dagnac, H; Aubry, F; Celsis, P

2017-06-01

The blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) effect is extensively used for functional MRI (fMRI) but presents some limitations. Diffusion-weighted fMRI (DfMRI) has been proposed as a method more tightly linked to neuronal activity. This work proposes a protocol of DfMRI acquired for several b-values and diffusion directions that is compared to gradient-echo BOLD (GE-BOLD) and to repeated spin-echo BOLD (SE-BOLD, acquisitions performed with b=0s/mm 2 ), which was also used to ensure the reproducibility of the response. A block stimulation paradigm of the primary visual system (V1) was performed in 12 healthy subjects with checkerboard alternations (2Hz frequency). DfMRI was performed at 3T with 5 b-values (b=1500, 1000, 500, 250, 0s/mm 2 ) with TR/TE=1004/93ms, Δ/δ=45.4ms/30ms, and 6 spatial directions for diffusion measures. GE-BOLD was performed with a similar block stimulation design timing. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC)-fMRI was computed with all b-values used. An identical Z-score level was used for all fMRI modalities for the comparison of volumes of activation. ADC-fMRI and SE-BOLD fMRI activation locations were compared in a voxel-based analysis to a cytoarchitectural probability map of V1. SE-BOLD activation volumes represented only 55% of the GE-BOLD activation volumes (P<0.0001). DfMRI activation volumes averaged for all b-values acquired represented only 12% of GE-BOLD (P<0.0001) and only 22% of SE-BOLD activation volumes (P<0.005). Compared to SE-BOLD-fMRI, ADC-fMRI activations showed fewer pixels outside of V1 and a higher average probability of belonging to V1. DfMRI and ADC-fMRI acquisition at 3T could be easily post-processed with common neuro-imaging software. DfMRI and ADC-fMRI activation volumes were significantly smaller than those obtained with SE-BOLD. ADC-fMRI activations were more precisely localized in V1 than those of SE-BOLD-fMRI. This validated the increased capability of ADC-fMRI compared to BOLD to enhance the precision of
Lessons Learned and Flight Results from the F15 Intelligent Flight Control System Project

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Bosworth, John

2006-01-01

A viewgraph presentation on the lessons learned and flight results from the F15 Intelligent Flight Control System (IFCS) project is shown. The topics include: 1) F-15 IFCS Project Goals; 2) Motivation; 3) IFCS Approach; 4) NASA F-15 #837 Aircraft Description; 5) Flight Envelope; 6) Limited Authority System; 7) NN Floating Limiter; 8) Flight Experiment; 9) Adaptation Goals; 10) Handling Qualities Performance Metric; 11) Project Phases; 12) Indirect Adaptive Control Architecture; 13) Indirect Adaptive Experience and Lessons Learned; 14) Gen II Direct Adaptive Control Architecture; 15) Current Status; 16) Effect of Canard Multiplier; 17) Simulated Canard Failure Stab Open Loop; 18) Canard Multiplier Effect Closed Loop Freq. Resp.; 19) Simulated Canard Failure Stab Open Loop with Adaptation; 20) Canard Multiplier Effect Closed Loop with Adaptation; 21) Gen 2 NN Wts from Simulation; 22) Direct Adaptive Experience and Lessons Learned; and 23) Conclusions
Rotational Mode Specificity in the F(-) + CH3Y [Y = F and Cl] SN2 Reactions.

PubMed

Szabó, István; Czakó, Gábor

2015-12-17

More than 12 million quasiclassical trajectories are computed for the F(-) + CH3Y(v = 0, JK) [Y = F and Cl] SN2 reactions using full-dimensional ab initio analytical potential energy surfaces. The initial (J, K = 0) and (J, K = J) [J = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8] rotational state specific cross sections are obtained at different collision energies (Ecoll) in the 1-20 kcal mol(-1) range, and the scattering angle and initial attack angle distributions as well as the mechanism-specific opacity functions are reported at Ecoll = 10 kcal mol(-1). The tumbling rotation (K = 0) inhibits the F(-) + CH3F reaction by a factor of 3 for J = 8 at Ecoll = 10 kcal mol(-1). This tumbling rotational effect becomes smaller at low and high Ecoll, and the tumbling motion affects the cross sections of F(-) + CH3Cl by only a few percent. The spinning rotation (K = J) hinders both reactions by factors in the 1.3-1.7 range for J = 8 at low Ecoll, whereas slight promotion is found as the Ecoll increases. The tumbling rotation may counteract the attractive ion-dipole forces, and the spinning motion hinders the complex formation, thereby decreasing the reactivity.
Magnetic and upconverted luminescent properties of multifunctional lanthanide doped cubic KGdF4 nanocrystals.

PubMed

Yang, L W; Zhang, Y Y; Li, J J; Li, Y; Zhong, J X; Chu, Paul K

2010-12-01

Lanthanide (Ln3+) doped KGdF4 (Ln=Yb3+, Er3+, Ho3+, Tm3+) nanocrystals with a mean diameter of approximately 12 nm were synthesized by a hydrothermal method using oleic acid as a stabilizing agent at 180 °C. The nanocrystals crystallize in the cubic phase as α-NaGdF4. When excited by a 980 nm laser, these Ln3+ doped nanocrystals exhibit multicolor up-conversion (UC) emissions in red, yellow, blue and white. The calculated color coordinates demonstrate that white UC emission (CIE-X=0.352, CIE-Y=0.347) can be obtained by varying the dopant concentrations in the Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+ triply-doped nanocrystals to yield different RGB emission intensities. The measured field dependence of magnetization (M-H curves) of the KGdF4 nanocrystals shows their paramagnetic characteristics that can be ascribed to the non-interacting localized nature of the magnetic moment of Gd3+ ions. Moreover, low temperature thermal treatment can enhance UC properties, magnetization and magnetic mass susceptibility of Ln3+ doped KGdF4 nanocrystals. The multifunctional Ln3+ doped KGdF4 nanocrystals have potential applications in color displays, bioseparation, and optical-magnetic dual modal nanoprobes in biomedical imaging.
Magnetic and upconverted luminescent properties of multifunctional lanthanide doped cubic KGdF4nanocrystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, L. W.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Li, J. J.; Li, Y.; Zhong, J. X.; Chu, Paul K.

2010-12-01

Lanthanide (Ln3+) doped KGdF4 (Ln = Yb3+, Er3+, Ho3+, Tm3+) nanocrystals with a mean diameter of approximately 12 nm were synthesized by a hydrothermal method using oleic acid as a stabilizing agent at 180 °C. The nanocrystals crystallize in the cubic phase as α-NaGdF4. When excited by a 980 nm laser, these Ln3+ doped nanocrystals exhibit multicolor up-conversion (UC) emissions in red, yellow, blue and white. The calculated color coordinates demonstrate that white UC emission (CIE-X = 0.352, CIE-Y = 0.347) can be obtained by varying the dopant concentrations in the Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+ triply-doped nanocrystals to yield different RGB emission intensities. The measured field dependence of magnetization (M-H curves) of the KGdF4nanocrystals shows their paramagnetic characteristics that can be ascribed to the non-interacting localized nature of the magnetic moment of Gd3+ ions. Moreover, low temperature thermal treatment can enhance UC properties, magnetization and magnetic mass susceptibility of Ln3+ doped KGdF4nanocrystals. The multifunctional Ln3+ doped KGdF4nanocrystals have potential applications in color displays, bioseparation, and optical-magnetic dual modal nanoprobes in biomedical imaging.
Hmga2 promotes the development of myelofibrosis in Jak2V617F knockin mice by enhancing TGF-β1 and Cxcl12 pathways.

PubMed

Dutta, Avik; Hutchison, Robert E; Mohi, Golam

2017-08-17

Myelofibrosis (MF) is a devastating blood disorder. The JAK2V617F mutation has been detected in ∼50% cases of MF. Elevated expression of high-mobility group AT hook 2 (HMGA2) has also been frequently observed in patients with MF. Interestingly, upregulation of HMGA2 expression has been found in association with the JAK2V617F mutation in significant cases of MF. However, the contribution of HMGA2 in the pathogenesis of MF remains elusive. To determine the effects of concurrent expression of HMGA2 and JAK2V617F mutation in hematopoiesis, we transduced bone marrow cells from Jak2 V617F knockin mice with lentivirus expressing Hmga2 and performed bone marrow transplantation. Expression of Hmga2 enhanced megakaryopoiesis, increased extramedullary hematopoiesis, and accelerated the development of MF in mice expressing Jak2 V617F Mechanistically, the data show that expression of Hmga2 enhances the activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and Cxcl12 pathways in mice expressing Jak2 V617F In addition, expression of Hmga2 causes upregulation of Fzd2, Ifi27l2a, and TGF-β receptor 2. Forced expression of Cxcl12, Fzd2, or Ifi27l2a increases megakaryocytic differentiation and proliferation in the bone marrow of Jak2 V617F mice, whereas TGF-β1 or Cxcl12 stimulation induces collagen deposition in the bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Together, these findings demonstrate that expression of Hmga2 cooperates with Jak2 V617F in the pathogenesis of MF. © 2017 by The American Society of Hematology.
Air Force F-22 Fighter Program: Background and Issues for Congress

DTIC Science & Technology

2009-12-22

comprises a large share of their overall business.23 The Air Force in 2007 estimated that of about 1,000 first-tier F-22 supplier firms, roughly 110, or...fighter.37 In addition, Boeing, the manufacturer of the F-15, is offering for sale on the international market an upgraded version of the F-15 called...Personally I have no interest in the Silent Eagle because it is only stealthy from the front,” Hirata says, referencing a limitation shared by the

Potential energy surfaces of the electronic states of Li{sub 2}F and Li{sub 2}F{sup −}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Bhowmick, Somnath; Hagebaum-Reignier, Denis, E-mail: denis.hagebaum-reignier@univ-amu.fr; Jeung, Gwang-Hi

2016-07-21

The potential energy surfaces of the ground and low-lying excited states for the insertion reaction of atomic fluorine (F) and fluoride (F{sup −}) into the dilithium (Li{sub 2}) molecule have been investigated. We have carried out explicitly correlated multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI-F12) calculations using Dunning’s augmented correlation-consistent basis sets. For the neutral system, the insertion of F into Li{sub 2} proceeds via a harpoon-type mechanism on the ground state surface, involving a covalent state and an ionic state which avoid each other at long distance. A detailed analysis of the changes in the dipole moment along the reaction coordinate revealsmore » multiple avoided crossings among the excited states and shows that the charge-transfer processes play a pivotal role for the stabilization of the low-lying electronic states of Li{sub 2}F. For the anionic system, which is studied for the first time, the insertion of F{sup −} is barrierless for many states and there is a gradual charge transfer from F{sup −} to Li{sub 2} along the reaction path. We also report the optimized parameters and the spectroscopic properties of the five lowest states of the neutral and seven lowest states of the anionic systems, which are strongly stabilized with respect to their respective Li{sub 2} + F/F{sup −} asymptotes. The observed barrierless insertion mechanisms for both systems make them good candidates for investigation under the ultracold regime.« less
Indian Mountain AFS, Alaska. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

DTIC Science & Technology

1983-06-01

tT A: CSURFACE WINDS AlY .EAT" 1, SEPV;C’./- kC PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY OF WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED (FROM HOURLY OBSERVATIONS) V ? -> \\l A ~i’, T A I N A...1 0 21 -22 23 24 25 2627 28 29.30 31 , o, . - - FE-r.Z X No. Obs. Mo. No. of No-.. -%8 Teo ,at-rv. R&H-. F 32 F 67 F *73 F *80 F *93 F To D,v B-b S
The effect of FeF2 on the magneto-optic response in FeF2/Fe/FeF2 sandwiches

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pištora, J.; Lesňák, M.; Lišková, E.; Višňovský, Š.; Harward, I.; Maslankiewicz, P.; Balin, K.; Celinski, Z.; Mistrík, J.; Yamaguchi, T.; Lopusnik, R.; Vlček, J.

2010-04-01

The room temperature optical constants n and k of MBE grown FeF2 films are reported. Because of poor chemical stability, FeF2 had to be coated with a protective Au layer. Reflection spectral ellipsometry in the photon energy range between 1.3 and 5.2 eV was performed on structures with a typical profile Au(0.5 nm)/FeF2(120 nm)/Au(30 nm)/Ag(20 nm)/Fe(0.6 nm) grown on GaAs(0 0 1) substrate. The spectra of n and k in FeF2 were subsequently employed in the design of FeF2/Fe/FeF2 sandwiches considered as magneto-optic (MO) sensors for weak microwave currents. Their MO response was evaluated using reflection MO (Kerr) spectroscopy at polar magnetization. The present results may be of interest in MO studies of magnetic nanostructures with Fe/FeF2/Fe, including MO magnetometry and MO magnetic domain imaging.
F-100A on lakebed

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1955-01-01

North American F-100A (52-5778) Super Sabre on the Rogers Dry Lakebed in a 1955 photograph. NACA High-Speed Flight Station, Edwards, California, flew this F-100 Super Sabre from 1954 to 1960 to investigate stability and control features of the then-new supersonic Air Force fighter. The program was part of NACA's support to the test and development program of the new 'century series' of aircraft -- F-100, F-101, F-102, F-104, F-105, F-106, and F-107.
Preliminary Study on LiF4-ThF4-PuF4 Utilization as Fuel Salt of miniFUJI Molten Salt Reactor

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Waris, Abdul; Aji, Indarta K.; Pramuditya, Syeilendra; Widayani; Irwanto, Dwi

2016-08-01

miniFUJI reactor is molten salt reactor (MSR) which is one type of the Generation IV nuclear energy systems. The original miniFUJI reactor design uses LiF-BeF2-ThF4-233UF4 as a fuel salt. In the present study, the use of LiF4-ThF4-PuF4 as fuel salt instead of LiF-BeF2-ThF4-UF4 will be discussed. The neutronics cell calculation has been performed by using PIJ (collision probability method code) routine of SRAC 2006 code, with the nuclear data library is JENDL-4.0. The results reveal that the reactor can attain the criticality condition with the plutonium concentration in the fuel salt is equal to 9.16% or more. The conversion ratio diminishes with the enlarging of plutonium concentration in the fuel. The neutron spectrum of miniFUJI MSR with plutonium fuel becomes harder compared to that of the 233U fuel.
HFC-23 (CHF3) emission trend response to HCFC-22 (CHClF2) production and recent HFC-23 emission abatement measures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, B. R.; Rigby, M.; Kuijpers, L. J. M.; Krummel, P. B.; Steele, L. P.; Leist, M.; Fraser, P. J.; McCulloch, A.; Harth, C.; Salameh, P.; Mühle, J.; Weiss, R. F.; Prinn, R. G.; Wang, R. H. J.; O'Doherty, S.; Greally, B. R.; Simmonds, P. G.

2010-08-01

HFC-23 (also known as CHF3, fluoroform or trifluoromethane) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), with a global warming potential (GWP) of 14 800 for a 100-year time horizon. It is an unavoidable by-product of HCFC-22 (CHClF2, chlorodifluoromethane) production. HCFC-22, an ozone depleting substance (ODS), is used extensively in commercial refrigeration and air conditioning, in the extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam industries (dispersive applications) and also as a feedstock in fluoropolymer manufacture (a non-dispersive use). Aside from small markets in specialty uses, HFC-23 has historically been considered a waste gas that was, and often still is, simply vented to the atmosphere. Efforts have been made in the past two decades to reduce HFC-23 emissions, including destruction (incineration) in facilities in developing countries under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change's (UNFCCC) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and by process optimization and/or voluntary incineration by most producers in developed countries. We present observations of lower-tropospheric mole fractions of HFC-23 measured by "Medusa" GC/MSD instruments from ambient air sampled in situ at the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) network of five remote sites (2007-2009) and in Cape Grim air archive (CGAA) samples (1978-2009) from Tasmania, Australia. These observations are used with the AGAGE 2-D atmospheric 12-box model and an inverse method to produce model mole fractions and a "top-down" HFC-23 emission history. The model 2009 annual mean global lower-tropospheric background abundance is 22.6 (±0.2) pmol mol-1. The derived HFC-23 emissions show a "plateau" during 1997-2003, followed by a rapid ~50% increase to a peak of 15.0 (+1.3/-1.2) Gg/yr in 2006. Following this peak, emissions of HFC-23 declined rapidly to 8.6 (+0.9/-1.0) Gg/yr in 2009, the lowest annual emission of the past 15 years. We derive a 1990-2008 "bottom-up" HFC-23 emission history using data from
HFC-23 (CHF3) emission trend response to HCFC-22 (CHClF2) production and recent HFC-23 emission abatement measures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Miller, B. R.; Rigby, M.; Kuijpers, L. J. M.; Krummel, P. B.; Steele, L. P.; Leist, M.; Fraser, P. J.; McCulloch, A.; Harth, C.; Salameh, P.; Mühle, J.; Weiss, R. F.; Prinn, R. G.; Wang, R. H. J.; O'Doherty, S.; Greally, B. R.; Simmonds, P. G.

2010-05-01

HFC-23 (also known as CHF3, fluoroform or trifluoromethane) is a potent greenhouse gas (GHG), with a global warming potential (GWP) of 14 800 for a 100-year time horizon. It is an unavoidable by-product of HCFC-22 (CHClF2, chlorodifluoromethane) production. HCFC-22, an ozone depleting substance (ODS), is used extensively in commercial refrigeration and air conditioning, in the extruded polystyrene (XPS) foam industries (dispersive applications) and also as a feedstock in fluoropolymer manufacture (a non-dispersive use). Aside from small markets in specialty uses, HFC-23 has historically been considered a waste gas that was, and often still is, simply vented to the atmosphere. Efforts have been made in the past two decades to reduce HFC-23 emissions, including destruction (incineration) in facilities in developing countries under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change's (UNFCCC) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), and by process optimization and/or voluntary incineration by most producers in developed countries. We present observations of lower-tropospheric mole fractions of HFC-23 measured by "Medusa" GC/MSD instruments from ambient air sampled in situ at the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) network of five remote sites and in Cape Grim air archive (CGAA) samples (1978-2009) from Tasmania, Australia. These observations are used with the AGAGE 2-D atmospheric 12-box model and an inverse method to produce model mole fractions and a "top-down" HFC-23 emission history. The model 2009 annual mean global lower-tropospheric background abundance is 22.8 (±0.2) pmol mol-1. The derived HFC-23 emissions show a "plateau" during 1997-2003, followed by a rapid ~50% increase to a peak of 15.0 (+1.3/-1.2) Gg/yr in 2006. Following this peak, emissions of HFC-23 declined rapidly to 8.6 (+0.9/-1.0) Gg/yr in 2009, the lowest annual emission of the past 15 years. We derive a 1990-2008 "bottom-up" HFC-23 emission history using data from the United
Design of CGMP Production of 18F- and 68Ga-Radiopharmaceuticals

PubMed Central

Chu, Pei-Chun; Chao, Hao-Yu; Shieh, Wei-Chen; Chen, Chuck C.

2014-01-01

Objective. Radiopharmaceutical production process must adhere to current good manufacturing process (CGMP) compliance to ensure the quality of precursor, prodrug (active pharmaceutical ingredient, API), and the final drug product that meet acceptance criteria. We aimed to develop an automated system for production of CGMP grade of PET radiopharmaceuticals. Methods. The hardware and software of the automated synthesizer that fit in the hot cell under cGMP requirement were developed. Examples of production yield and purity for 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG at CGMP facility were optimized. Analytical assays and acceptance criteria for cGMP grade of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG were established. Results. CGMP facility for the production of PET radiopharmaceuticals has been established. Radio-TLC and HPLC analyses of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG showed that the radiochemical purity was 92% and 96%, respectively. The products were sterile and pyrogenic-free. Conclusion. CGMP compliance of radiopharmaceuticals has been reviewed. 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-FDG were synthesized with high radiochemical yield under CGMP process. PMID:25276810
Synthesis and luminescence properties of blue-emitting phosphor Ca12 Al14 O32 F2 :Eu2+ for white light-emitting diode.

PubMed

Chen, Wanping; Zhang, Xinzhu; Wang, Liping

2017-09-01

A blue-emitting phosphor Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 :Eu 2+ was synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state reaction under a reductive atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction measurements indicate that a pure phase Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 :Eu 2+ can be obtained for low doping concentration of Eu 2+ . The phosphor has a strong absorption in the range 270-420 nm with a maximum at ~340 nm and blue emission in the range 400-500 nm with chromatic coordination of (0.152, 0.045). The optimal doping concentration is ~0.24. In addition, the luminescence properties of the as-synthesized phosphor were evaluated by comparison with those of Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 Cl 2 :Eu 2+ and the commercially available phosphor BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ . The emission intensity of Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 :Eu 2+ was ~72% that of BaMgAl 10 O 17 :Eu 2+ under excitation at λ = 375 nm. The results indicate that Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 F 2 :Eu 2+ has potential application as a near-UV-convertible blue phosphor for white light-emitting diodes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
43 CFR Appendix A to Subpart F of... - Contract Provisions

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Organizations Pt. 12, Subpt. F, App. A Appendix A to Subpart F of Part 12—Contract Provisions All contracts awarded by a recipient, including small purchases, shall contain the following provisions as applicable: 1... which are unsanitary, hazardous or dangerous. These requirements do not apply to the purchases of...
43 CFR Appendix A to Subpart F of... - Contract Provisions

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Organizations Pt. 12, Subpt. F, App. A Appendix A to Subpart F of Part 12—Contract Provisions All contracts awarded by a recipient, including small purchases, shall contain the following provisions as applicable: 1... which are unsanitary, hazardous or dangerous. These requirements do not apply to the purchases of...
Properties of AlF3 and LaF3 films at 193nm

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Xue, Chunrong; Shao, Jianda

2010-10-01

In order to develop low loss, high-performance 193nm Fluoride HR mirrors and anti-reflection coatings, LaF3 and AlF3 materials, used for a single-layer coating, were deposited by a molybdenum boat evaporation process. Various microstructures that formed under different substrate temperatures and with deposition rates were investigated. The relation between these microstructures (including cross section morphology, surface roughness and crystalline structure), the optical properties (including refractive index and optical loss) and mechanical properties (stress) were investigated. Furthermore, AlF3 used as a low-index material and LaF3 used as a high-index material were designed and deposited for multilayer coatings. Transmittance, reflectance, stress, and the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) were studied. It is shown that AlF3 and LaF3 thin films, deposited on the substrate at a temperature of 300 °C, obtained good quality thin films with high transmittance and little optical loss at 193 nm. For multilayer coatings, the absorption mainly comes from LaF3. Based on these studies, The thickness of 193nm films was controled by a 1/3 baffle with pre-coating technology. the LaF3/AlF3 AR coantings and HR mirrors at 193nm were designed and deposited. Under the present experimental conditions, the reflectance of LaF3/AlF3 HR mirror is up to 96%, and its transmittance is 1.5%. the LaF3/AlF3 AR coanting's residual reflectance is less than 0.14%, and single-sided transmittance is 93.85%. To get a high-performance 193nm AR coating, super-polished substrate is the best choice.
Inner-shell photoionization and core-hole decay of Xe and XeF{sub 2}

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Southworth, Stephen H.; Picón, Antonio; Lehmann, C. Stefan

2015-06-14

Photoionization cross sections and partial ion yields of Xe and XeF{sub 2} from Xe 3d{sub 5/2}, Xe 3d{sub 3/2}, and F 1s subshells in the 660–740 eV range are compared to explore effects of the F ligands. The Xe 3d-ϵf continuum shape resonances dominate the photoionization cross sections of both the atom and molecule, but prominent resonances appear in the XeF{sub 2} cross section due to nominal excitation of Xe 3d and F 1s electrons to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), a delocalized anti-bonding MO. Comparisons of the ion products from the atom and molecule following Xe 3d photoionizationmore » show that the charge-state distribution of Xe ions is shifted to lower charge states in the molecule along with production of energetic F{sup +} and F{sup 2+} ions. This suggests that, in decay of a Xe 3d core hole, charge is redistributed to the F ligands and the system dissociates due to Coulomb repulsion. The ion products from excitation of the F 1s-LUMO resonance are different and show strong increases in the yields of Xe{sup +} and F{sup +} ions. The subshell ionization thresholds, the LUMO resonance energies, and their oscillator strengths are calculated by relativistic coupled-cluster methods and agree well with measurements.« less
Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-BaF2-Y2O3 glasses for ∼1.2 μm laser applications

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Shunbin; Li, Chengzhi; Yao, Chuanfei; Jia, Shijie; Jia, Zhixu; Qin, Guanshi; Qin, Weiping

2017-02-01

Intense ∼1.2 μm fluorescence is observed in Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped TeO2-BaF2-Y2O3 glasses under 915 nm laser diode excitation. The 1.2 μm emission can be ascribed to the transition 5I6→5I8 of Ho3+. With the introducing of BaF2, the content of OH in the glasses drops markedly, and the 1.2 μm emission intensity increases gradually as increasing the concentration percentage of BaF2. Furthermore, microstructured fibers based on the TeO2-BaF2-Y2O3 glasses are fabricated by using a rod-in-tube method, and a relative positive gain of ∼9.42 dB at 1175.3 nm is obtained in a 5 cm long fiber.
Reusable electrochemical cell for rapid separation of [18F]fluoride from [18O]water for flow-through synthesis of 18F-labeled tracers

PubMed Central

Sadeghi, Saman; Liang, Vincent; Cheung, Shilin; Woo, Suh; Wu, Curtis; Ly, Jimmy; Deng, Yuliang; Eddings, Mark; van Dam, R. Michael

2015-01-01

A brass-platinum electrochemical micro flow cell was developed to extract [18F]fluoride from an aqueous solution and release it into an organic based solution, suitable for subsequent radio-synthesis, in a fast and reliable manner. This cell does not suffer electrode erosion and is thus reusable while operating faster by enabling increased voltages. By optimizing temperature, trapping and release potentials, flow rates, and electrode materials, an overall [18F]fluoride trapping and release efficiency of 84±5% (n=7) was achieved. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze electrode surfaces of various metal-metal systems and the findings were correlated with the performance of the electrochemical cell. To demonstrate the reactivity of the released [18F]fluoride, the cell was coupled to a flow-through reactor and automated synthesis of [18F]FDG with a repeatable decay-corrected yield of 56±4% (n=4) was completed in <15 min. A multi-human dose of 5.92 GBq [18F]FDG was also demonstrated. PMID:23474380
M2-F2 cockpit instrument panels

NASA Image and Video Library

1966-03-27

This photo shows the right side cockpit instrumentation panel of the M2-F2 Lifting Body. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers -- the M2-F2 and the HL-10, both built by the Northrop Corporation. The "M" refers to "manned" and "F" refers to "flight" version. "HL" comes from "horizontal landing" and 10 is for the tenth lifting body model to be investigated by Langley. The first flight of the M2-F2 -- which looked much like the "F1" -- was on July 12, 1966. Milt Thompson was the pilot. By then, the same B-52 used to air launch the famed X-15 rocket research aircraft was modified to also carry the lifting bodies. Thompson was dropped from the B-52's wing pylon mount at an altitude of 45,000 feet on that maiden glide flight. The M2-F2 weighed 4,620 pounds, was 22 feet long, and had a width of about 10 feet. On May 10, 1967, during the sixteenth glide flight leading up to powered flight, a landing accident severely damaged the vehicle and seriously injured the NASA pilot, Bruce Peterson. NASA pilots and researchers realized the M2-F2 had lateral control problems, even though it had a stability augmentation control system. When the M2-F2 was rebuilt at Dryden and redesignated the M2-F3, it was modified with an additional third vertical fin -- centered between the tip fins -- to improve control characteristics. The M2-F2/F3 was the first of the heavy-weight, entry-configuration lifting bodies. Its successful development as a research test vehicle answered many of the generic questions about these vehicles. NASA donated the M2-F3 vehicle to the Smithsonian Institute in December 1973. It is currently hanging in the Air and Space Museum along with the X-15 aircraft number 1, which was its hangar partner at Dryden from 1965 to 1969.
M2-F2 cockpit instrument panels

NASA Image and Video Library

1966-03-27

This photo shows the left side cockpit instrumentation panel of the M2-F2 Lifting Body. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers -- the M2-F2 and the HL-10, both built by the Northrop Corporation. The "M" refers to "manned" and "F" refers to "flight" version. "HL" comes from "horizontal landing" and 10 is for the tenth lifting body model to be investigated by Langley. The first flight of the M2-F2 -- which looked much like the "F1" -- was on July 12, 1966. Milt Thompson was the pilot. By then, the same B-52 used to air launch the famed X-15 rocket research aircraft was modified to also carry the lifting bodies. Thompson was dropped from the B-52's wing pylon mount at an altitude of 45,000 feet on that maiden glide flight. The M2-F2 weighed 4,620 pounds, was 22 feet long, and had a width of about 10 feet. On May 10, 1967, during the sixteenth glide flight leading up to powered flight, a landing accident severely damaged the vehicle and seriously injured the NASA pilot, Bruce Peterson. NASA pilots and researchers realized the M2-F2 had lateral control problems, even though it had a stability augmentation control system. When the M2-F2 was rebuilt at Dryden and redesignated the M2-F3, it was modified with an additional third vertical fin -- centered between the tip fins -- to improve control characteristics. The M2-F2/F3 was the first of the heavy-weight, entry-configuration lifting bodies. Its successful development as a research test vehicle answered many of the generic questions about these vehicles. NASA donated the M2-F3 vehicle to the Smithsonian Institute in December 1973. It is currently hanging in the Air and Space Museum along with the X-15 aircraft number 1, which was its hangar partner at Dryden from 1965 to 1969.
Agronomic performance of F1, F2 and F3 hybrids between weedy rice and transgenic glufosinate-resistant rice.

PubMed

Song, Xiaoling; Wang, Zhou; Qiang, Sheng

2011-08-01

Studies of hybrid fitness, of which agronomic performance may be an indicator, can help in evaluating the potential for introgression of a transgene from a transgenic crop to wild relatives. The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance of reciprocal hybrids between two transgenic glufosinate-resistant rice lines, Y0003 and 99-t, and two weedy rice accessions, WR1 and WR2, in the greenhouse. F1 hybrids displayed heterosis in height, flag leaf area and number of spikelets per panicle. The agronomic performance of F1 between WR1 and Y0003 was not affected by crossing direction. The tiller and panicle numbers of F1 individuals were higher than their F2 counterparts. However, these traits did not change significantly from the F2 to the F3 generation or in hybrids with weedy rice as maternal or paternal plants. For all hybrids, the in vitro germination rates of fresh pollen were similar and significantly lower than those of their parents, seed sets were similar to or of lower value than those of weedy rice parents and seed shattering characteristics were partially suppressed, but the survival of hybrids over winter in the field was similar to that of weedy rice parents. All F1, F2 and F3 hybrids had similar composite agronomic performance to weedy rice parents. There was no significant decrease in the composite agronomic performance of any of the hybrids compared with weedy rice. This implies that gene flow from transgenic cultivated rice to weedy rice could occur under natural conditions. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry.
F-aggregate centers formation in BaLiF3 crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Prado, L.; Gomes, L.; Baldochi, S. L.; Morato, S. P.; Vieira, N. D.

The kinetics of F-aggregate centers formation is investigated in the inverted fluoroperovskite of BaLiF3 submitted to electron-irradiation. By studies of the changes in the absorption spectra during storage of samples in the dark, at room temperature, it was possible to verify a surprising and interesting dependence on defect formation with the crystal growth direction. In spite of its cubic structure, crystals grown in the <100> and <111> directions and submitted to the same conditions of irradiation, showed in particular, to enhance the production of a defect absorbing at 630 nm in <100> crystals which we believe to correspond to F+2-centers in BaLiF3
HABIT CHANGES OF Y3Al5O12 AND Y3Ga5O12 GROWN FROM A PbO-PbF2 FLUX,

DTIC Science & Technology

Al2O3 or - Ga2O3 ratio in the melt. Y3Ga5O12 crystals have a pure (211) habit when grown from either a Y2O3- or PbO-rich melt. The crystals develop...small (110) faces when grown from a Ga2O3 - or PbF2-rich melt. Y3Al5O12 crystals have a pure (110) when grown from either a PbF2- or Al2O3-rich melt... Ga2O3 -rich melts. It is believed that the habit variations are caused by changes in either the surface diffusion or step propagation, due to Pb

Synthesis of geminal difluorides by oxidative desulfurization-difluorination of alkyl aryl thioethers with halonium electrophiles in the presence of fluorinating reagents and its application for 18F-radiolabeling.

PubMed

Hugenberg, Verena; Wagner, Stefan; Kopka, Klaus; Schober, Otmar; Schäfers, Michael; Haufe, Günter

2010-09-17

Various ω-substituted 1,1-difluoroalkanes are synthesized in good yields from alkyl aryl thioethers by a new oxidative desulfurization-difluorination protocol with the reagents combination of 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH) as an oxidizer and pyridine·9HF (Py·9HF) as a fluoride source. The reaction proceeds via a fluoro-Pummerer-type rearrangement followed by an oxidative desulfurization-fluorination step. Starting from α-fluorinated thioethers, this reaction is promising for (18)F-labeling (τ(1/2) = 110 min) of ligands applicable for positron emission tomography (PET). Using the combination of DBH and carrier-added Py·9H[(18)F]F, an (18)F-labeled difluoride was synthesized from the corresponding α-fluoro thioether with a radiochemical yield of 9%.
Effectiveness of commercial inhibitors against subtype F HIV-1 protease.

PubMed

Krauchenco, Sandra; Martins, Nadia H; Sanches, Mario; Polikarpov, Igor

2009-06-01

Subtype F wild type HIV protease has been kinetically characterized using six commercial inhibitors (amprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir and saquinavir) commonly used for HIV/AIDS treatment, as well as inhibitor TL-3 and acetyl-pepstatin. We also obtained kinetic parameters for two multi-resistant proteases (one of subtype B and one of subtype F) harboring primary and secondary mutations selected by intensive treatment with ritonavir/nelfinavir. This newly obtained biochemical data shows that all six studied commercially available protease inhibitors are significantly less effective against subtype F HIV proteases than against HIV proteases of subtype B, as judged by increased K(i) and biochemical fitness (vitality) values. Comparison with previously reported kinetic values for subtype A and C HIV proteases show that subtype F wild type proteases are significantly less susceptible to inhibition. These results demonstrate that the accumulation of natural polymorphisms in subtype F proteases yields catalytically more active enzymes with a large degree of cross-resistance, which thus results in strong virus viability.
Functional imaging of SDHx-related head and neck paragangliomas: comparison of 18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine, 18F-fluorodopamine, 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET, 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy, and 111In-pentetreotide scintigraphy.

PubMed

King, Kathryn S; Chen, Clara C; Alexopoulos, Dimitrios K; Whatley, Millie A; Reynolds, James C; Patronas, Nicholas; Ling, Alexander; Adams, Karen T; Xekouki, Paraskevi; Lando, Howard; Stratakis, Constantine A; Pacak, Karel

2011-09-01

Accurate diagnosis of head and neck paragangliomas is often complicated by biochemical silence and lack of catecholamine-associated symptoms, making accurate anatomical and functional imaging techniques essential to the diagnostic process. Ten patients (seven SDHD, three SDHB), with a total of 26 head and neck paragangliomas, were evaluated with anatomical and functional imaging. This study compares five different functional imaging techniques [(18)F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine ((18)F-FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET), (18)F-fluorodopamine ((18)F-FDA) PET/computed tomography (CT), (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)F-FDG) PET/CT, (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123)I-MIBG) scintigraphy, and (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy] in the localization of head and neck paragangliomas. Prospectively (18)F-FDOPA PET localized 26 of 26 lesions in the 10 patients, CT/magnetic resonance imaging localized 21 of 26 lesions, (18)F-FDG PET/CT localized 20 of 26 lesions, (111)In-pentetreotide scintigraphy localized 16 of 25 lesions, (18)F-FDA PET/CT localized 12 of 26 lesions, and (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy localized eight of 26 lesions. Differences in imaging efficacy related to genetic phenotype, even in the present small sample size, included the negativity of (18)F-FDA PET/CT and (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy in patients with SDHB mutations and the accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in all patients with SDHD mutations, as compared with the accuracy of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in only one patient with an SDHB mutation. Overall, (18)F-FDOPA PET proved to be the most efficacious functional imaging modality in the localization of SDHx-related head and neck paragangliomas and may be a potential first-line functional imaging agent for the localization of these tumors.
77 FR 42802 - Section 4(f) Policy Paper

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-07-20

... Section 4(f) properties. The Q&A 6 now notes that Traditional Cultural Properties may be eligible for the... 23 CFR 774.17 explains that a de minimis impact determination does not require the traditional second...
Accurate ab initio potential energy surface, thermochemistry, and dynamics of the F(-) + CH3F SN2 and proton-abstraction reactions.

PubMed

Szabó, István; Telekes, Hajnalka; Czakó, Gábor

2015-06-28

We develop a full-dimensional global analytical potential energy surface (PES) for the F(-) + CH3F reaction by fitting about 50 000 energy points obtained by an explicitly correlated composite method based on the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation-F12 and coupled-cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples-F12a methods and the cc-pVnZ-F12 [n = D, T] basis sets. The PES accurately describes the (a) back-side attack Walden inversion mechanism involving the pre- and post-reaction (b) ion-dipole and (c) hydrogen-bonded complexes, the configuration-retaining (d) front-side attack and (e) double-inversion substitution pathways, as well as (f) the proton-abstraction channel. The benchmark quality relative energies of all the important stationary points are computed using the focal-point analysis (FPA) approach considering electron correlation up to coupled-cluster singles, doubles, triples, and perturbative quadruples method, extrapolation to the complete basis set limit, core-valence correlation, and scalar relativistic effects. The FPA classical(adiabatic) barrier heights of (a), (d), and (e) are -0.45(-0.61), 46.07(45.16), and 29.18(26.07) kcal mol(-1), respectively, the dissociation energies of (b) and (c) are 13.81(13.56) and 13.73(13.52) kcal mol(-1), respectively, and the endothermicity of (f) is 42.54(38.11) kcal mol(-1). Quasiclassical trajectory computations of cross sections, scattering (θ) and initial attack (α) angle distributions, as well as translational and internal energy distributions are performed for the F(-) + CH3F(v = 0) reaction using the new PES. Apart from low collision energies (Ecoll), the SN2 excitation function is nearly constant, the abstraction cross sections rapidly increase with Ecoll from a threshold of ∼40 kcal mol(-1), and retention trajectories via double inversion are found above Ecoll = ∼ 30 kcal mol(-1), and at Ecoll = ∼ 50 kcal mol(-1), the front-side attack cross sections start to increase very rapidly. At
Accurate ab initio potential energy surface, thermochemistry, and dynamics of the F- + CH3F SN2 and proton-abstraction reactions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Szabó, István; Telekes, Hajnalka; Czakó, Gábor

2015-06-01

We develop a full-dimensional global analytical potential energy surface (PES) for the F- + CH3F reaction by fitting about 50 000 energy points obtained by an explicitly correlated composite method based on the second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation-F12 and coupled-cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples-F12a methods and the cc-pVnZ-F12 [n = D, T] basis sets. The PES accurately describes the (a) back-side attack Walden inversion mechanism involving the pre- and post-reaction (b) ion-dipole and (c) hydrogen-bonded complexes, the configuration-retaining (d) front-side attack and (e) double-inversion substitution pathways, as well as (f) the proton-abstraction channel. The benchmark quality relative energies of all the important stationary points are computed using the focal-point analysis (FPA) approach considering electron correlation up to coupled-cluster singles, doubles, triples, and perturbative quadruples method, extrapolation to the complete basis set limit, core-valence correlation, and scalar relativistic effects. The FPA classical(adiabatic) barrier heights of (a), (d), and (e) are -0.45(-0.61), 46.07(45.16), and 29.18(26.07) kcal mol-1, respectively, the dissociation energies of (b) and (c) are 13.81(13.56) and 13.73(13.52) kcal mol-1, respectively, and the endothermicity of (f) is 42.54(38.11) kcal mol-1. Quasiclassical trajectory computations of cross sections, scattering (θ) and initial attack (α) angle distributions, as well as translational and internal energy distributions are performed for the F- + CH3F(v = 0) reaction using the new PES. Apart from low collision energies (Ecoll), the SN2 excitation function is nearly constant, the abstraction cross sections rapidly increase with Ecoll from a threshold of ˜40 kcal mol-1, and retention trajectories via double inversion are found above Ecoll = ˜ 30 kcal mol-1, and at Ecoll = ˜ 50 kcal mol-1, the front-side attack cross sections start to increase very rapidly. At low Ecoll, the
Al18F-Labeling Of Heat-Sensitive Biomolecules for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging.

PubMed

Cleeren, Frederik; Lecina, Joan; Ahamed, Muneer; Raes, Geert; Devoogdt, Nick; Caveliers, Vicky; McQuade, Paul; Rubins, Daniel J; Li, Wenping; Verbruggen, Alfons; Xavier, Catarina; Bormans, Guy

2017-01-01

Positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled biomolecules is a translational molecular imaging technology that is increasingly used in support of drug development. Current methods for radiolabeling biomolecules with fluorine-18 are laborious and require multistep procedures with moderate labeling yields. The Al 18 F-labeling strategy involves chelation in aqueous medium of aluminum mono[ 18 F]fluoride ({Al 18 F} 2+ ) by a suitable chelator conjugated to a biomolecule. However, the need for elevated temperatures (100-120 °C) required for the chelation reaction limits its widespread use. Therefore, we designed a new restrained complexing agent (RESCA) for application of the AlF strategy at room temperature. Methods. The new chelator RESCA was conjugated to three relevant biologicals and the constructs were labeled with {Al 18 F} 2+ to evaluate the generic applicability of the one-step Al 18 F-RESCA-method. Results. We successfully labeled human serum albumin with excellent radiochemical yields in less than 30 minutes and confirmed in vivo stability of the Al 18 F-labeled protein in rats. In addition, we efficiently labeled nanobodies targeting the Kupffer cell marker CRIg, and performed µPET studies in healthy and CRIg deficient mice to demonstrate that the proposed radiolabeling method does not affect the functional integrity of the protein. Finally, an affibody targeting HER2 (PEP04314) was labeled site-specifically, and the distribution profile of (±)-[ 18 F]AlF(RESCA)-PEP04314 in a rhesus monkey was compared with that of [ 18 F]AlF(NOTA)-PEP04314 using whole-body PET/CT. Conclusion. This generic radiolabeling method has the potential to be a kit-based fluorine-18 labeling strategy, and could have a large impact on PET radiochemical space, potentially enabling the development of many new fluorine-18 labeled protein-based radiotracers.
Al18F-Labeling Of Heat-Sensitive Biomolecules for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging

PubMed Central

Cleeren, Frederik; Lecina, Joan; Ahamed, Muneer; Raes, Geert; Devoogdt, Nick; Caveliers, Vicky; McQuade, Paul; Rubins, Daniel J; Li, Wenping; Verbruggen, Alfons; Xavier, Catarina; Bormans, Guy

2017-01-01

Positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled biomolecules is a translational molecular imaging technology that is increasingly used in support of drug development. Current methods for radiolabeling biomolecules with fluorine-18 are laborious and require multistep procedures with moderate labeling yields. The Al18F-labeling strategy involves chelation in aqueous medium of aluminum mono[18F]fluoride ({Al18F}2+) by a suitable chelator conjugated to a biomolecule. However, the need for elevated temperatures (100-120 °C) required for the chelation reaction limits its widespread use. Therefore, we designed a new restrained complexing agent (RESCA) for application of the AlF strategy at room temperature. Methods. The new chelator RESCA was conjugated to three relevant biologicals and the constructs were labeled with {Al18F}2+ to evaluate the generic applicability of the one-step Al18F-RESCA-method. Results. We successfully labeled human serum albumin with excellent radiochemical yields in less than 30 minutes and confirmed in vivo stability of the Al18F-labeled protein in rats. In addition, we efficiently labeled nanobodies targeting the Kupffer cell marker CRIg, and performed µPET studies in healthy and CRIg deficient mice to demonstrate that the proposed radiolabeling method does not affect the functional integrity of the protein. Finally, an affibody targeting HER2 (PEP04314) was labeled site-specifically, and the distribution profile of (±)-[18F]AlF(RESCA)-PEP04314 in a rhesus monkey was compared with that of [18F]AlF(NOTA)-PEP04314 using whole-body PET/CT. Conclusion. This generic radiolabeling method has the potential to be a kit-based fluorine-18 labeling strategy, and could have a large impact on PET radiochemical space, potentially enabling the development of many new fluorine-18 labeled protein-based radiotracers. PMID:28824726
^2H(^18F,p)^19F Study at 6 MeV/u

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kozub, R. L.; Nesaraja, C. D.; Moazen, B. H.; Scott, J. P.; Bardayan, D. W.; Blackmon, J. C.; Gross, C. J.; Shapira, D.; Smith, M. S.; Batchelder, J. C.; Brune, C. R.; Champagne, A. E.; Sahin, L.; Cizewski, J. A.; Thomas, J. S.; Davinson, T.; Woods, P. J.; Greife, U.; Jewett, C.; Livesay, R. J.; Ma, Z.; Parker, P. D.

2003-04-01

The degree to which the (p,α) and (p,γ) reactions destroy ^18F at temperatures ˜1-4 x 10^8 K is important for understanding the synthesis of nuclei in nova explosions and for using ^18F as a monitor of nova mechanisms in gamma ray astronomy. The reactions are dominated by low-lying proton resonances near the ^18F+p threshold (E_x=6.411 MeV excitation energy in ^19Ne). To gain further information about these resonances, we have used the inverse ^18F(d,p)^19F neutron transfer reaction at the Holifield Radioactive Ion Beam Facility to selectively populate corresponding mirror states in ^19F. Proton angular distributions were measured for states in ^19F in the excitation energy range 0-9 MeV. Results and implications for the ^18F+p reactions and nuclear structure will be presented. ^1Supported by DOE. ^2ORNL is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the USDOE.
Fabrication of MgF2 and LiF windows for the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Gormley, Daphne; Bottema, Murk; Darnell, Barbara; Fowler, Walter; Medenica, Walter

1988-01-01

Two prototype test windows (MgF2 and LiF) to be used on the 75-mm UV MAMA detector tubes for the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph are described. The spatial and optical constraints of this instrument dictate that the thickness of the window materials be no greater than 2-3 mm to achieve a minimum 50-percent transmission at hydrogen Lyman alpha (121.6 nm), and that the window must be domed to minimize optical aberrations and provide structural strength. The detector window has an input diameter of about 100 mm with a radius-of-curvature of 70 mm. The manufacturing processes involved in the fabrication of these windows is discussed, as well as test programs (optical and structural) to be performed at Goddard Space Flight Center.
Automated PET Radiotracer Manufacture on the BG75 System and Imaging Validation Studies of [18F]fluoromisonidazole ([18F]FMISO).

PubMed

Yuan, Hong; Frank, Jonathan E; Merrill, Joseph R; Hillesheim, Daniel A; Khachaturian, Mark H; Anzellotti, Atilio I

2016-01-01

The hypoxia PET tracer, 1-[18F]fluoro-3-(2-nitro-1Himidazol- 1-yl)-propan-2-ol ([18F]FMISO) is the first radiotracer developed for hypoxia PET imaging and has shown promising for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, access to [18F]FMISO radiotracer is limited due to the needed cyclotron and radiochemistry expertise. The study aimed to develop the automated production method on the [18F]FMISO radiotracer with the novel fully automated platform of the BG75 system and validate its usage on animal tumor models. [18F]FMISO was produced with the dose synthesis cartridge automatically on the BG75 system. Validation of [18F]FMISO hypoxia imaging functionality was conducted on two tumor mouse models (FaDu/U87 tumor). The distribution of [18F]FMISO within tumor was further validated by the standard hypoxia marker EF5. The average radiochemical purity was (99±1) % and the average pH was 5.5±0.2 with other quality attributes passing standard criteria (n=12). Overall biodistribution for [18F]FMISO in both tumor models was consistent with reported studies where bladder and large intestines presented highest activity at 90 min post injection. High spatial correlation was found between [18F]FMISO autoradiography and EF5 hypoxia staining, indicating high hypoxia specificity of [18MF]FMISO. This study shows that qualified [18F]FMISO can be efficiently produced on the BG75 system in an automated "dose-on-demand" mode using single dose disposable cards. The possibilities of having a low-cost, automated system manufacturing ([18F]Fluoride production + synthesis + QC) different radiotracers will greatly enhance the potential for PET technology to reach new geographical areas and underserved patient populations. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.org.
Remaining Sites Verification Package for the 100-F-26:13, 108-F Drain Pipelines, Waste Site Reclassification Form 2005-011

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

L. M. Dittmer

2008-03-03

The 100-F-26:13 waste site is the network of process sewer pipelines that received effluent from the 108-F Biological Laboratory and discharged it to the 188-F Ash Disposal Area (126-F-1 waste site). The pipelines included one 0.15-m (6-in.)-, two 0.2-m (8-in.)-, and one 0.31-m (12-in.)-diameter vitrified clay pipe segments encased in concrete. In accordance with this evaluation, the verification sampling results support a reclassification of this site to Interim Closed Out. The results of verification sampling demonstrated that residual contaminant concentrations do not preclude any future uses and allow for unrestricted use of shallow zone soils. The results also showed thatmore » residual contaminant concentrations are protective of groundwater and the Columbia River.« less
Formation of metal nanoparticles in MgF2, CaF2 and BaF2 crystals under the electron beam irradiation

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bochkareva, Elizaveta S.; Sidorov, Alexander I.; Yurina, Uliana V.; Podsvirov, Oleg A.

2017-07-01

It is shown experimentally that electron beam action with electrons energies of 50 and 70 keV on MgF2, CaF2 and BaF2 crystals results in local formation in the crystal near-surface layer of Mg, Ca or Ba nanoparticles which possess plasmon resonance. In the case of MgF2 spheroidal nanoparticles are formed, in the cases of CaF2 and BaF2 - spherical. The formation of metal nanoparticles is confirmed by computer simulation in dipole quasistatic approximation. The dependence of absorption via electron irradiation dose is non-linear. It is caused by the increase of nanoparticles concentration and by the increase of nanoparticles sizes during irradiation. In the irradiated zones of MgF2 crystals, for irradiation doses less than 80 mC/cm2, the intense luminescence in a visible range appears. The practical application of fabricated composite materials for multilevel optical information recording is discussed.
Cortactin binding to F-actin revealed by electron microscopy and 3D reconstruction.

PubMed

Pant, Kiran; Chereau, David; Hatch, Victoria; Dominguez, Roberto; Lehman, William

2006-06-16

Cortactin and WASP activate Arp2/3-mediated actin filament nucleation and branching. However, different mechanisms underlie activation by the two proteins, which rely on distinct actin-binding modules and modes of binding to actin filaments. It is generally thought that cortactin binds to "mother" actin filaments, while WASP donates actin monomers to Arp2/3-generated "daughter" filament branches. Interestingly, cortactin also binds WASP in addition to F-actin and the Arp2/3 complex. However, the structural basis for the role of cortactin in filament branching remains unknown, making interpretation difficult. Here, electron microscopy and 3D reconstruction were carried out on F-actin decorated with the actin-binding repeating domain of cortactin, revealing conspicuous density on F-actin attributable to cortactin that is located on a consensus-binding site on subdomain-1 of actin subunits. Strikingly, the binding of cortactin widens the gap between the two long-pitch filament strands. Although other proteins have been found to alter the structure of the filament, the cortactin-induced conformational change appears unique. The results are consistent with a mechanism whereby alterations of the F-actin structure may facilitate recruitment of the Arp2/3 complex to the "mother" filament in the cortex of cells. In addition, cortactin may act as a structural adapter protein, stabilizing nascent filament branches while mediating the simultaneous recruitment of Arp2/3 and WASP.
F-14 #991 cockpit

NASA Image and Video Library

1980-07-02

View of the cockpit of NASA's F-14, tail number 991. This aircraft was the first of a series of post-Vietnam fighters, followed by the F-15, F-16, and F-18. They were designed for maneuverability in air-to-air combat. The F-14s had a spin problem that posed problems for its ability to engage successfully in a dogfight, since it tended to depart from controlled flight at the high angles of attack that frequently occur in close-in engagements.
Effects of Phenolic Acids on the Growth and Production of T-2 and HT-2 Toxins by Fusarium langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides.

PubMed

Ferruz, Elena; Atanasova-Pénichon, Vessela; Bonnin-Verdal, Marie-Noëlle; Marchegay, Gisèle; Pinson-Gadais, Laëtitia; Ducos, Christine; Lorán, Susana; Ariño, Agustín; Barreau, Christian; Richard-Forget, Florence

2016-04-04

The effect of natural phenolic acids was tested on the growth and production of T-2 and HT-2 toxins by Fusarium langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides, on Mycotoxin Synthetic medium. Plates treated with 0.5 mM of each phenolic acid (caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic and p-coumaric) and controls without phenolic acid were incubated for 14 days at 25 °C. Fungal biomass of F. langsethiae and F. sporotrichioides was not reduced by the phenolic acids. However, biosynthesis of T-2 toxin by F. langsethiae was significantly reduced by chlorogenic (23.1%) and ferulic (26.5%) acids. Production of T-2 by F. sporotrichioides also decreased with ferulic acid by 23% (p < 0.05). In contrast, p-coumaric acid significantly stimulated the production of T-2 and HT-2 toxins for both strains. A kinetic study of F. langsethiae with 1 mM ferulic acid showed a significant decrease in fungal biomass, whereas T-2 production increased after 10 days of incubation. The study of gene expression in ferulic supplemented cultures of F. langsethiae revealed a significant inhibition for Tri5, Tri6 and Tri12 genes, while for Tri16 the decrease in gene expression was not statistically significant. Overall, results indicated that phenolic acids had a variable effect on fungal growth and mycotoxin production, depending on the strain and the concentration and type of phenolic acid assayed.
Synthesis and evaluation of 18F-labeled CJ-042794 for imaging prostanoid EP4 receptor expression in cancer with positron emission tomography.

PubMed

Zhang, Zhengxing; Lau, Joseph; Kuo, Hsiou-Ting; Zhang, Chengcheng; Colpo, Nadine; Bénard, François; Lin, Kuo-Shyan

2017-05-15

The potent and selective prostanoid EP4 receptor antagonist CJ-042794 was radiolabeled with 18 F, and evaluated for imaging EP4 receptor expression in cancer with positron emission tomography (PET). The fluorination precursor, arylboronic acid pinacol ester 4, was prepared in 4 steps with 42% overall yield. 18 F-CJ-042794 was synthesized via a copper-mediated 18 F-fluorination reaction followed by base hydrolysis, and was obtained in 1.5±1.1% (n=2) decay-corrected radiochemical yield. PET/CT imaging and biodistribution studies in mice showed that 18 F-CJ-042794 was excreted through both renal and hepatobiliary pathways with significant retention in blood. The EP4-receptor-expressing LNCaP prostate cancer xenografts were clearly visualized in PET images with 1.12±0.08%ID/g (n=5) uptake value and moderate tumour-to-muscle contrast ratio (2.73±0.22) at 1h post-injection. However, the tumour uptake was nonspecific as it could not be blocked by co-injection of cold standard, precluding the application of 18 F-CJ-042794 for PET imaging of EP4 receptor expression in cancer. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Thoracic staging in lung cancer: prospective comparison of 18F-FDG PET/MR imaging and 18F-FDG PET/CT.

PubMed

Heusch, Philipp; Buchbender, Christian; Köhler, Jens; Nensa, Felix; Gauler, Thomas; Gomez, Benedikt; Reis, Henning; Stamatis, Georgios; Kühl, Hilmar; Hartung, Verena; Heusner, Till A

2014-03-01

Therapeutic decisions in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients depend on the tumor stage. PET/CT with (18)F-FDG is widely accepted as the diagnostic standard of care. The purpose of this study was to compare a dedicated pulmonary (18)F-FDG PET/MR imaging protocol with (18)F-FDG PET/CT for primary and locoregional lymph node staging in NSCLC patients using histopathology as the reference. Twenty-two patients (12 men, 10 women; mean age ± SD, 65.1 ± 9.1 y) with histopathologically confirmed NSCLC underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT, followed by (18)F-FDG PET/MR imaging, including a dedicated pulmonary MR imaging protocol. T and N staging according to the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual was performed by 2 readers in separate sessions for (18)F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MR imaging, respectively. Results from histopathology were used as the standard of reference. The mean and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(mean) and SUV(max), respectively) and maximum diameter of the primary tumor was measured and compared in (18)F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MR imaging. PET/MR imaging and (18)F-FDG PET/CT agreed on T stages in 16 of 16 of patients (100%). All patients were correctly staged by (18)F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MR (100%), compared with histopathology. There was no statistically significant difference between (18)F-FDG PET/CT and (18)F-FDG PET/MR imaging for lymph node metastases detection (P = 0.48). For definition of thoracic N stages, PET/MR imaging and (18)F-FDG PET/CT were concordant in 20 of 22 patients (91%). PET/MR imaging determined the N stage correctly in 20 of 22 patients (91%). (18)F-FDG PET/CT determined the N stage correctly in 18 of 22 patients (82%). The mean differences for SUV(mean) and SUV(max) of NSCLC in (18)F-FDG PET/MR imaging and (18)F-FDG PET/CT were 0.21 and -5.06. These differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The SUV(mean) and SUV(max) measurements derived from (18)F-FDG PET/CT and (18)F-FDG PET
Anharmonic Vibrational Spectroscopy of the F-(H20)n, complexes, n=1,2

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Chaban, Galina M.; Xantheas, Sotiris; Gerber, R. Benny; Kwak, Dochan (Technical Monitor)

2003-01-01

We report anharmonic vibrational spectra (fundamentals, first overtones) for the F-(H(sub 2)O) and F-(H(sub 2)O)2 clusters computed at the MP2 and CCSD(T) levels of theory with basis sets of triple zeta quality. Anharmonic corrections were estimated via the correlation-corrected vibrational self-consistent field (CC-VSCF) method. The CC-VSCF anharmonic spectra obtained on the potential energy surfaces evaluated at the CCSD(T) level of theory are the first ones reported at a correlated level beyond MP2. We have found that the average basis set effect (TZP vs. aug-cc-pVTZ) is on the order of 30-40 cm(exp -1), whereas the effects of different levels of electron correlation [MP2 vs. CCSD(T)] are smaller, 20-30 cm(exp -1). However, the basis set effect is much larger in the case of the H-bonded O-H stretch of the F-(H(sub 2)O) cluster amounting to 100 cm(exp -1) for the fundamentals and 200 cm (exp -1) for the first overtones. Our calculations are in agreement with the limited available set of experimental data for the F-(H(sub 2)O) and F-(H(sub 2)O)2 systems and provide additional information that can guide further experimental studies.
The DBP Phenotype Gc-1f/Gc-1f Is Associated with Reduced Risk of Cancer. The Tromsø Study

PubMed Central

Jorde, Rolf; Schirmer, Henrik; Wilsgaard, Tom; Bøgeberg Mathiesen, Ellisiv; Njølstad, Inger; Løchen, Maja-Lisa; Joakimsen, Ragnar Martin; Grimnes, Guri

2015-01-01

Background and Objective In addition to its role as a transport protein, the vitamin D binding protein (DBP) may also affect lipid metabolism, inflammation and carcinogenesis. There are three common variants of the DBP, Gc1s (1s), Gc1f (1f), Gc2 (2) that result in six common phenotypes (1s/1s, 1s/1f, 1s/2, 1f/1f, 1f/2, and 2/2). These phenotypes can be identified by genotyping for the two single nucleotide polymorphisms rs7041 and rs4588 in the GC gene. The DBP variants have different binding coefficients for the vitamin D metabolites, and accordingly there may be important relations between DBP phenotypes and health. Methods DNA was prepared from subjects who participated in the fourth survey of the Tromsø Study in 1994-1995 and who were registered with the endpoints myocardial infarction (MI), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), cancer or death as well as a randomly selected control group. The endpoint registers were complete up to 2010- 2013. Genotyping was performed for rs7041 and rs4588 and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured. Results Genotyping for rs7041 and rs4588 was performed successfully in 11 704 subjects. Among these, 1660 were registered with incident MI, 958 with T2DM, 2410 with cancer and 4318 had died. Subjects with the DBP phenotype 1f/1f had 23 – 26 % reduced risk of incident cancer compared to the 1s/1s and 2/2 phenotypes (P < 0.02, Cox regression with gender as covariate). Differences in serum 25(OH)D levels could not explain the apparent cancer protective effect of the DBP variant 1f. In addition to cancer and 25(OH)D, there were significant associations between DBP phenotype and body height, hip circumference and serum calcium. Conclusion There are important biological differences between the common DBP phenotypes. If the relation between the DBP variant 1f and cancer is confirmed in other studies, determination of DBP phenotype may have clinical importance. PMID:25993554

Dual acquisition of 18F-FMISO and 18F-FDOPA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bell, Christopher; Rose, Stephen; Puttick, Simon; Pagnozzi, Alex; Poole, Christopher M.; Gal, Yaniv; Thomas, Paul; Fay, Michael; Jeffree, Rosalind L.; Dowson, Nicholas

2014-07-01

Metabolic imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) has found increasing clinical use for the management of infiltrating tumours such as glioma. However, the heterogeneous biological nature of tumours and intrinsic treatment resistance in some regions means that knowledge of multiple biological factors is needed for effective treatment planning. For example, the use of 18F-FDOPA to identify infiltrative tumour and 18F-FMISO for localizing hypoxic regions. Performing multiple PET acquisitions is impractical in many clinical settings, but previous studies suggest multiplexed PET imaging could be viable. The fidelity of the two signals is affected by the injection interval, scan timing and injected dose. The contribution of this work is to propose a framework to explicitly trade-off signal fidelity with logistical constraints when designing the imaging protocol. The particular case of estimating 18F-FMISO from a single frame prior to injection of 18F-FDOPA is considered. Theoretical experiments using simulations for typical biological scenarios in humans demonstrate that results comparable to a pair of single-tracer acquisitions can be obtained provided protocol timings are carefully selected. These results were validated using a pre-clinical data set that was synthetically multiplexed. The results indicate that the dual acquisition of 18F-FMISO and 18F-FDOPA could be feasible in the clinical setting. The proposed framework could also be used to design protocols for other tracers.
Development of f2/f1 ratio functions in humans

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Vento, Barbara A.; Durrant, John D.; Sabo, Diane L.; Boston, J. Robert

2004-05-01

Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) presumably represent active processes within the cochlea fundamental to frequency-selectivity in peripheral auditory function. Maturation of the cochlear amplifier, vis-a-vis frequency encoding or selectivity, has yet to be fully characterized in humans. The purpose of this study was to further investigate the maturation of features of the f2/f1 frequency ratio (Distortion Product OAE amplitude X f2/f1 ratio) presumed to reflect cochlear frequency selectivity. A cross-sectional, multivariate study was completed comparing three age groups: pre-term infants, term infants and young adult subjects. Frequency ratio functions were analyzed at three f2 frequencies-2000, 4000 and 6000 Hz. An analysis included an estimation of the optimal ratio (OR) and a bandwidth-like measure (Q3). Analysis revealed significant interactions of age x frequency x gender for optimal ratio and a significant interaction of age x frequency for Q3. Consistent and statistically significant differences for both OR and Q3 were found in female subjects and when f2=2 or 6 kHz. This supports research by others [Abdala, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 114, 3239-3250 (2003)] suggesting that the development of cochlear active mechanisms may still be somewhat in flux at least through term birth Furthermore, OAEs appear to demonstrate gender differences in the course of such maturational changes.
Forbes Fld, Kansas. Revised Uniform Summary of Surface Weather Observations (RUSSWO). Parts A-F.

DTIC Science & Technology

1981-12-23

8217 ReI. Huon. X11 Srq q SI ioI,,S £1 -OF 32F ’ .67F T 73F , .o80F * 93F - Total S Dry Bulb _________2_ 9𔃼B . l{b1 3 7 0 .1 , ! , "..’O Porn , 90310, 2...TOTAL (F) 0 1-2 3.4 5.6 7- 8 9.10 11 .12 13.14󈧓..16 17.18 9.202_22123.24 25 -2627.28 29.30 31 D.B.W.S. BoI W , b D. Po., 1/37 T"I L !.2’ 2.7’ 4.V
The Holographic F Theorem

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taylor, Marika; Woodhead, William

2017-12-01

The F theorem states that, for a unitary three dimensional quantum field theory, the F quantity defined in terms of the partition function on a three sphere is positive, stationary at fixed point and decreases monotonically along a renormalization group flow. We construct holographic renormalization group flows corresponding to relevant deformations of three-dimensional conformal field theories on spheres, working to quadratic order in the source. For these renormalization group flows, the F quantity at the IR fixed point is always less than F at the UV fixed point, but F increases along the RG flow for deformations by operators of dimension between 3/2 and 5/2. Therefore the strongest version of the F theorem is in general violated.
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter Aircraft (F-35)

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-12-01

Critical Design Review; announcing the decision to terminate development of an alternate Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS); completing the 2nd F-35B...the 100th aircraft from the production facility at Fort Worth, Texas; and resolving lingering technical design shortfalls to include the F-35C...emphasis on: regular design reviews, systems engineering discipline, software development planning with baseline review boards, and focused metrics
Development of Yersinia pestis F1 antigen-loaded microspheres vaccine against plague

PubMed Central

Huang, Shih-shiung; Li, I-Hsun; Hong, Po-da; Yeh, Ming-kung

2014-01-01

Yersinia pestis F1 antigen-loaded poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) (PLGA/PEG) microspheres were produced using a water-in-oil-in-water emulsion/solvent extraction technique and assayed for their percent yield, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology, particle size, zeta potential, in vitro release properties, and in vivo animal protect efficacy. The Y. pestis F1 antigen-loaded microspheres (mean particle size 3.8 μm) exhibited a high loading capacity (4.5% w/w), yield (85.2%), and entrapment efficiency (38.1%), and presented a controlled in vitro release profile with a low initial burst (18.5%), then continued to release Y. pestis F1 antigen over 70 days. The distribution (%) of Y. pestis F1 on the microspheres surface, outer layer, and core was 3.1%, 28.9%, and 60.7%, respectively. A steady release rate was noticed to be 0.55 μg Y. pestis F1 antigen/mg microspheres/day of Y. pestis F1 antigen release maintained for 42 days. The cumulative release amount at the 1st, 28th, and 42nd days was 8.2, 26.7, and 31.0 μg Y. pestis F1 antigen/mg microspheres, respectively. The 100 times median lethal dose 50% (LD50) of Y. pestis Yokohama-R strain by intraperitoneal injection challenge in mice test, in which mice received one dose of 40 μg F1 antigen content of PLGA/PEG microspheres, F1 antigen in Al(OH)3, and in comparison with F1 antigen in Al(OH)3 vaccine in two doses, was evaluated after given by subcutaneous immunization of BALB/c mice. The study results show that the greatest survival was observed in the group of mice immunized with one dose of F1 antigen-loaded PLGA/PEG microspheres, and two doses of F1 antigen in Al(OH)3 vaccine (100%). In vivo vaccination studies also demonstrated that F1 vaccines microspheres had a protective ability; its steady-state IgG immune protection in mice plasma dramatic increased from 2 weeks (18,764±3,124) to 7 weeks (126,468±19,176) after vaccination. These findings strongly suggest that F1-antigen loaded
High pressure synthesis and properties of ternary titanium (III) fluorides in the system KF-TiF 3 containing regular pentagonal bipyramids [TiF 7

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yamanaka, Shoji; Yasuda, Akira; Miyata, Hajime

2010-01-01

Titanium trifluoride TiF 3 has the distorted ReO 3 structure composed of corner sharing TiF 6 octahedra linked with Ti-F-Ti bridges. Potassium fluoride KF was inserted into the bridges using high-pressure and high-temperature conditions (5 GPa, 1000-1200 °C). When the molar ratio KF/TiF 3≥1, a few low dimensional compounds were obtained forming non-bridged F ions. At the composition KF/TiF 3=1/2, a new compound KTi 2F 7 was formed, which crystallizes with the space group Cmmm and the lattice parameters of a=6.371(3), b=10.448(6), c=3.958(2) Å, consisting of edge-sharing pentagonal bipyramids [TiF 7] forming ribbons running along the a axis. The ribbons are linked by corners to construct a three-dimensional framework without forming non-bridged F ions. The compound is antiferromagnetic with the Néel temperature T N=75 K, and the optical band gap was 6.4 eV. A new fluoride K 2TiF 5 (KF/TiF 3=2) with the space group Pbcn and the lattice parameters of a=7.4626(2), b=12.9544(4) and c=20.6906(7) Å was also obtained by the high pressure and high temperature treatment (5 GPa at 1000 °C) of a molar mixture of 2 KF+TiF 3. The compound contains one-dimensional chains of corner-sharing TiF 6 octahedra.
Investigation of the structural, mechanical, dynamical and thermal properties of CsCaF3 and CsCdF3

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Salmankurt, Bahadır; Duman, Sıtkı

2016-04-01

The structural, mechanical, dynamical and thermal properties of CsCaF3 and CsCdF3 are presented by using an ab initio pseudopotential method and a linear response scheme, within the generalized gradient approximation. The obtained structural and mechanical properties are in good agreement with other available theoretical and experimental studies. The calculated elastic constants of these materials obey the cubic stability conditions. It has been found that CsCaF3 is brittle whereas CsCdF3 has ductile manner. The full phonon dispersion curves of these materials are reported for the first time in the literature. We have found that calculated phonon modes are positive along the all symmetry directions, indicating that these materials are dynamically stable at the cubic structure. The obtained zone-center phonon modes for CsCaF3 (IR data) are found to be 83 (98) cm-1, 104 (115) cm-1, 120 cm-1, 180 (192) cm-1, 231 (250.5) cm-1, 361 (374) cm-1, 446 (449) cm-1. Also, we have calculated internal energy, Helmholtz free energy, constant-volume specific heat, entropy and Debye temperature as function of temperature. At the 300 K, specific heats are calculated to be 113.36 J mol-1 K-1 and 115.58 J mol-1 K-1 for CsCaF3 and CsCdF3 ,respectively, which are lower than Doulong-Petit limit (12 472 J mol-1 K-1).
Activation of Ftz-F1-Responsive Genes through Ftz/Ftz-F1 Dependent Enhancers

PubMed Central

Field, Amanda; Xiang, Jie; Anderson, W. Ray; Graham, Patricia; Pick, Leslie

2016-01-01

The orphan nuclear receptor Ftz-F1 is expressed in all somatic nuclei in Drosophila embryos, but mutations result in a pair-rule phenotype. This was explained by the interaction of Ftz-F1 with the homeodomain protein Ftz that is expressed in stripes in the primordia of segments missing in either ftz-f1 or ftz mutants. Ftz-F1 and Ftz were shown to physically interact and coordinately activate the expression of ftz itself and engrailed by synergistic binding to composite Ftz-F1/Ftz binding sites. However, attempts to identify additional target genes on the basis of Ftz-F1/ Ftz binding alone has met with only limited success. To discern rules for Ftz-F1 target site selection in vivo and to identify additional target genes, a microarray analysis was performed comparing wildtype and ftz-f1 mutant embryos. Ftz-F1-responsive genes most highly regulated included engrailed and nine additional genes expressed in patterns dependent on both ftz and ftz-f1. Candidate enhancers for these genes were identified by combining BDTNP Ftz ChIP-chip data with a computational search for Ftz-F1 binding sites. Of eight enhancer reporter genes tested in transgenic embryos, six generated expression patterns similar to the corresponding endogenous gene and expression was lost in ftz mutants. These studies identified a new set of Ftz-F1 targets, all of which are co-regulated by Ftz. Comparative analysis of enhancers containing Ftz/Ftz-F1 binding sites that were or were not bona fide targets in vivo suggested that GAF negatively regulates enhancers that contain Ftz/Ftz-F1 binding sites but are not actually utilized. These targets include other regulatory factors as well as genes involved directly in morphogenesis, providing insight into how pair-rule genes establish the body pattern. PMID:27723822
Comparison between Bactec Peds Plus F Broth and Conventional Medium for Vitreous Culture.

PubMed

Tabatabaei, Seyed Ali; Tabatabaei, Seyed Mehdi; Soleimani, Mohammad; Hejrati, Bahman; Mirshahi, Ahmad; Khadabandeh, Alireza; Ahmadraji, Aliasghar; Valipour, Niloofar

2018-05-10

To evaluate the yield of Bactec Peds Plus F broth for vitreous sample culture in cases with infectious endophthalmitis in comparison to conventional medium. Consecutive cases of clinically suspected endophthalmitis were prospectively enrolled in this study. Cultures of the vitreous sample were performed in both Bactec Peds Plus F broth and conventional mediums. Forty eyes of 40 patients who were clinically suspected of infectious endophthalmitis with different etiologies were enrolled in this study. The positive culture yield was 50% and 35% in Bactec Peds Plus F broth and conventional mediums, respectively (p = 0.07). The result of Bactec group was not significantly different among patients who had a history of intravitreal antibiotic injection (p > 0.05) (Table 2). However, results of the conventional method were significantly negative in the previous intravitreal antibiotic injection group (p = 0.02). There was no correlation between the methods of vitreous sampling in both culture methods. Although the difference between two culture methods was not statistically significant in this study, Bactec Peds Plus F broth showed higher positive culture yield in patients with a history of intravitreal antibiotic injection.
A novel facile method of labeling octreotide with (18)F-fluorine.

PubMed

Laverman, Peter; McBride, William J; Sharkey, Robert M; Eek, Annemarie; Joosten, Lieke; Oyen, Wim J G; Goldenberg, David M; Boerman, Otto C

2010-03-01

Several methods have been developed to label peptides with (18)F. However, in general these are laborious and require a multistep synthesis. We present a facile method based on the chelation of (18)F-aluminum fluoride (Al(18)F) by 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA). The method is characterized by the labeling of NOTA-octreotide (NOTA-d-Phe-cyclo[Cys-Phe-d-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys]-Throl (MH(+) 1305) [IMP466]) with (18)F. Octreotide was conjugated with the NOTA chelate and labeled with (18)F in a 2-step, 1-pot method. The labeling procedure was optimized with regard to the labeling buffer, peptide, and aluminum concentration. Radiochemical yield, specific activity, in vitro stability, and receptor affinity were determined. Biodistribution of (18)F-IMP466 was studied in AR42J tumor-bearing mice and compared with that of (68)Ga-labeled IMP466. In addition, small-animal PET/CT images were acquired. IMP466 was labeled with Al(18)F in a single step with 50% yield. The labeled product was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography to remove unbound Al(18)F and unlabeled peptide. The radiolabeling, including purification, was performed in 45 min. The specific activity was 45,000 GBq/mmol, and the peptide was stable in serum for 4 h at 37 degrees C. Labeling was performed at pH 4.1 in sodium citrate, sodium acetate, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid, and 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid buffer and was optimal in sodium acetate buffer. The apparent 50% inhibitory concentration of the (19)F-labeled IMP466 determined on AR42J cells was 3.6 nM. Biodistribution studies at 2 h after injection showed a high tumor uptake of (18)F-IMP466 (28.3 +/- 5.2 percentage injected dose per gram [%ID/g]; tumor-to-blood ratio, 300 +/- 90), which could be blocked by an excess of unlabeled peptide (8.6 +/- 0.7 %ID/g), indicating that the accumulation in the tumor was receptor-mediated. Biodistribution of (68)Ga-IMP466 was similar to that of (18)F-IMP466. (18)F
M2-F1 cockpit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1963-01-01

aircraft and released. These initial car-tow tests produced enough flight data about the M2-F1 to proceed with flights behind the C-47 tow plane at greater altitudes. The C-47 took the craft to an altitude of 12,000 where free flights back to Rogers Dry Lake began. Pilot for the first series of flights of the M2-F1 was NASA research pilot Milt Thompson. Typical glide flights with the M2-F1 lasted about two minutes and reached speeds of 110 to l20 mph. A small solid landing rocket, referred to as the 'instant L/D rocket,' was installed in the rear base of the M2-F1. This rocket, which could be ignited by the pilot, provided about 250 pounds of thrust for about 10 seconds. The rocket could be used to extend the flight time near landing if needed. More than 400 ground tows and 77 aircraft tow flights were carried out with the M2-F1. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers--the M2-F2 and the HL-10, both built by the Northrop Corporation, and the U.S. Air Force's X-24 program, with an X-24A and -B built by Martin. The Lifting Body program also heavily influenced the Space Shuttle program. The M2-F1 program demonstrated the feasibility of the lifting body concept for horizontal landings of atmospheric entry vehicles. It also demonstrated a procurement and management concept for prototype flight test vehicles that produced rapid results at very low cost (approximately $50,000, excluding salaries of government employees assigned to the project).
F1030, F1031, and F1032 Sugarbeet Germplasms Selected from Crosses between L19 and three Cultivated/Wild Germplasms

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

F1030 (PI 671774), F1031 (PI 671775), and F1032 (PI 671776) sugarbeet, Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris (L.), germplasm lines were released by the USDA-ARS in 2013. All three lines were selected primarily for sucrose concentration from populations formed by crossing a high-sugar line with three previo...
Simultaneous real-time PCR detection of Fusarium asiaticum, F. ussurianum and F. vorosii, representing the Asian clade of the F. graminearum species complex.

PubMed

Fernández-Ortuño, Dolores; Waalwijk, Cees; Van der Lee, Theo; Fan, Jieru; Atkins, Sarah; West, Jonathan S; Fraaije, Bart A

2013-08-16

Due to the repeated discovery of new members of the Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC), some of the F. graminearum sensu stricto (s.s.)-specific qPCR assays developed to date have since been shown to be non-specific. In this study, a probe-based qPCR method was developed, targeting a sterol 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51) paralogue, CYP51C unique to the genus Fusarium, for the simultaneous detection of F. asiaticum, F. ussurianum and F. vorosii. Specificity of the assay was demonstrated for a wide range of Fusarium species, including all tested FGSC members (n=6), originating from different hosts and geographic regions. Alongside a previously published assay for detection of F. graminearum, we were able to show that members of the Asian clade of the FGSC (i.e. F. asiaticum, F. ussurianum and F. vorosii) were the primary etiological agent in wheat seeds samples originating from Central-East China. The grain samples from the UK tested negative for the presence of the FGSC's Asian clade and positive for presence of F. graminearum. It is likely that only F. graminearum s.s. is present in the UK, but the presence of other FGSC members cannot be ruled out and need further investigation. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Fundamental Quantum 1/F Noise in Ultrasmall Semi Conductor Devices and Their Optimal Design Principles.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-05-01

1 . quantum 1 / f noise t - 12 . In that case the Hooge parameter0(H may be written H...Eqs. (4.2)-(4.5). The Hooge formula 2 0 is thus derived from first =.% principles as a quantum 1 / f result withOH given by Eq. (4.12). All i/ f noise ...between coherent state I/ f noise and the Umklapp I/ f noise . 1 / f noise in n+-p Hgl-xCdxTe occurs in many forms and each form should be tested. If a Hooge
Detection of JAK2 V617F mutation increases the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms

PubMed Central

ZHANG, SHU-PENG; LI, HUI; LAI, REN-SHENG

2015-01-01

The Janus kinase (JAK)2 gene, which is located on chromosome 9p24, is involved in the signaling transduction pathways of the hematopoietic and immune system. Mutations in the JAK2 gene have served as disease markers for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of the JAK2 gene mutation in 140 clinical samples, and to evaluate its clinical significance in MPNs and other hematological diseases. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes or bone marrow karyocytes of 140 clinical samples, which included 130 patients with various types of hematological disease and 10 control patients. In addition, exons 12 and 14 of the JAK2 gene were analyzed by direct sequencing and the mutation rates of various MPN subtypes were evaluated. Of the 140 samples, exons 12 and 14 were tested in 74 samples, however, exon 14 only was tested in 66 samples. No mutations were identified in exon 12. The V617F mutation rate in polycythemia vera was 82.1% (23/28), and the mutation rates in essential thrombocythemia histiocytosis, primary myelofibrosis and other MPNs were 53.1% (17/32), 40.0% (4/10) and 60.0% (6/10), respectively. Therefore, the total mutation rate of the JAK2 gene in MPN was 62.5% (50/80). For non-MPN hematological diseases, four V617F mutations were detected in samples of leukocytosis of unknown origin (4/12), however, no JAK2 V617F mutations were identified in the 10 controls. Therefore, JAK2 V617F mutations may present a novel marker for diagnosis of MPNs. Furthermore, the direct sequencing method appeared to be satisfactory for the clinical gene testing of hematological samples. PMID:25624900
Nopaline-type Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium encodes a VirF-like functional F-box protein.

PubMed

Lacroix, Benoît; Citovsky, Vitaly

2015-11-20

During Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of plants, several bacterial virulence (Vir) proteins are translocated into the host cell to facilitate infection. One of the most important of such translocated factors is VirF, an F-box protein produced by octopine strains of Agrobacterium, which presumably facilitates proteasomal uncoating of the invading T-DNA from its associated proteins. The presence of VirF also is thought to be involved in differences in host specificity between octopine and nopaline strains of Agrobacterium, with the current dogma being that no functional VirF is encoded by nopaline strains. Here, we show that a protein with homology to octopine VirF is encoded by the Ti plasmid of the nopaline C58 strain of Agrobacterium. This protein, C58VirF, possesses the hallmarks of functional F-box proteins: it contains an active F-box domain and specifically interacts, via its F-box domain, with SKP1-like (ASK) protein components of the plant ubiquitin/proteasome system. Thus, our data suggest that nopaline strains of Agrobacterium have evolved to encode a functional F-box protein VirF.
Production and purification of polyclonal antibody against F(ab')2 fragment of human immunoglobulin G

PubMed Central

Nasiri, Hadi; Valedkarimi, Zahra; Aghebati-Maleki, Leili; Abdolalizadeh, Jalal; Kazemi, Tohid; Esparvarinha, Mojghan; Majidi, Jafar

2017-01-01

Antibodies are essential tools of biomedical and biochemical researches. Polyclonal antibodies are produced against different epitopes of antigens. Purified F(ab')2 can be used for animal’s immunization to produce polyclonal antibodies. Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) was purified by ion exchange chromatography method. In all stages verification method of the purified antibodies was sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Purified IgG was digested by pepsin enzyme and F(ab')2 fragment was purified by gel filtration separation method. For production of polyclonal antibody, rabbit was immunized by purified F(ab')2 and antibody production was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Purified anti-IgG F(ab')2 was conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Ion exchange chromatography purification yielded 38 mg of human IgG antibody. The results of SDS-PAGE in reduced and non-reduced conditions showed bands with 25-30 kDa molecular weight (MW) and 50-kDa respectively and a distinct band with 150 kDa MW. The results of non-reduced SDS-PAGE for determining the purity of F(ab')2 fragment showed one band in 90 kDa and a band in 150 kDa MW position. Purification by Ion exchange chromatography method resulted about 12 mg rabbit polyclonal antibody. Flow cytometry showed generated polyclonal antibody had an acceptable activity compared to commercial antibody. Taking together, purified IgG F(ab')2 and polyclonal anti-IgG F(ab')2 are useful tools in biomedical and biochemical researches and diagnostic kits. PMID:29326789
Production and purification of polyclonal antibody against F(ab')2 fragment of human immunoglobulin G.

PubMed

Nasiri, Hadi; Valedkarimi, Zahra; Aghebati-Maleki, Leili; Abdolalizadeh, Jalal; Kazemi, Tohid; Esparvarinha, Mojghan; Majidi, Jafar

2017-01-01

Antibodies are essential tools of biomedical and biochemical researches. Polyclonal antibodies are produced against different epitopes of antigens. Purified F(ab') 2 can be used for animal's immunization to produce polyclonal antibodies. Human immunoglobulin G (IgG) was purified by ion exchange chromatography method. In all stages verification method of the purified antibodies was sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Purified IgG was digested by pepsin enzyme and F(ab') 2 fragment was purified by gel filtration separation method. For production of polyclonal antibody, rabbit was immunized by purified F(ab') 2 and antibody production was investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Purified anti-IgG F(ab') 2 was conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Ion exchange chromatography purification yielded 38 mg of human IgG antibody. The results of SDS-PAGE in reduced and non-reduced conditions showed bands with 25-30 kDa molecular weight (MW) and 50-kDa respectively and a distinct band with 150 kDa MW. The results of non-reduced SDS-PAGE for determining the purity of F(ab') 2 fragment showed one band in 90 kDa and a band in 150 kDa MW position. Purification by Ion exchange chromatography method resulted about 12 mg rabbit polyclonal antibody. Flow cytometry showed generated polyclonal antibody had an acceptable activity compared to commercial antibody. Taking together, purified IgG F(ab') 2 and polyclonal anti-IgG F(ab') 2 are useful tools in biomedical and biochemical researches and diagnostic kits.
Equations of state of anhydrous AlF3 and AlI3: Modeling of extreme condition halide chemistry

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Stavrou, Elissaios; Zaug, Joseph M.; Bastea, Sorin; Crowhurst, Jonathan C.; Goncharov, Alexander F.; Radousky, Harry B.; Armstrong, Michael R.; Roberts, Sarah K.; Plaue, Jonathan W.

2015-06-01

Pressure dependent angle-dispersive x-ray powder diffraction measurements of alpha-phase aluminum trifluoride (α-AlF3) and separately, aluminum triiodide (AlI3) were conducted using a diamond-anvil cell. Results at 295 K extend to 50 GPa. The equations of state of AlF3 and AlI3 were determined through refinements of collected x-ray diffraction patterns. The respective bulk moduli and corresponding pressure derivatives are reported for multiple orders of the Birch-Murnaghan (B-M), finite-strain (F-f), and higher pressure finite-strain (G-g) EOS analysis models. Aluminum trifluoride exhibits an apparent isostructural phase transition at approximately 12 GPa. Aluminum triiodide also undergoes a second-order atomic rearrangement: applied stress transformed a monoclinically distorted face centered cubic (fcc) structure into a standard fcc structural arrangement of iodine atoms. Results from semi-empirical thermochemical computations of energetic materials formulated with fluorine containing reactants were obtained with the aim of predicting the yield of halogenated products.

A neutron scintillator based on transparent nanocrystalline CaF{sub 2}:Eu glass ceramic

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Struebing, Christian; Kang, Zhitao, E-mail: zhitao.kang@gtri.gatech.edu; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332

2016-04-11

There are no efficient Eu{sup 2+} doped glass neutron scintillators reported due to low doping concentrations of Eu{sup 2+} and the amorphous nature of the glass matrix. In this work, an efficient CaF{sub 2}:Eu glass ceramic neutron scintillator was prepared by forming CaF{sub 2}:Eu nanocrystals in a {sup 6}Li-containing glass matrix. Through appropriate thermal treatments, the scintillation light yield of the transparent glass ceramic was increased by a factor of at least 46 compared to the as-cast amorphous glass. This improvement was attributed to more efficient energy transfer from the CaF{sub 2} crystals to the Eu{sup 2+} emitting centers. Furthermore » light yield improvement is expected if the refractive index of the glass matrix can be matched to the CaF{sub 2} crystal.« less
C_7F_16/He rf plasma CVD of a-C:F films

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hokoi, Kohji; Akazawa, Masamichi; Sugawara, Hirotake; Sakai, Yosuke

2000-10-01

Fluorinated carbon is one of the most promissing materials with low dielectric constant ɛr and high dielectric strength V_b. We have deposited a-C:F films by rf (13.56 MHz) plasma enhanced CVD method using the following liquid materials; C_7F_16, (C_3F_7)_3N/(C_4F_9)_3N and C_8F_18/C_8F_16O.(C. P. Lungu et al.), Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 38, L1544--6 (1999) The films showed ɛr values in a range of 1.9--3.0 and V_b>2 MV/cm. In this work, we added He (3 Pa) to C_7F_16 (60 Pa) plasmas, expecting that He atoms in the metastable excited state (He*, 19.8 eV) would promote C_7F_16 decomposition in gas phase or activation of the film surface during deposition. The films with the thickness up to 2300 nm were deposited on unheated Si substrate with an rf power of 100 W. The deposition rate derived from the film thickness measurement by SEM and ellipsometry was about 230 nm/min. This value is roughly two times as large as that of the films deposited by C_7F_16 (60 Pa) plasmas without He. We discuss the mechanism that leads to such a significant increase in the deposition rate.
Feasibility of myocardial PET imaging using a benzylguanidine analog: meta-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)benzylguanidine ([18F]mFPBG).

PubMed

Woo, Sang-Keun; Moon, Byung Seok; Kim, Bom Sahn; Kim, Min Hwan; Lee, Yong Jin; Jung, Jae Ho; Lee, Kyo Chul; Seo, Youngho; Kim, Wook; Lim, Sang Moo; Lee, Byung Chul; Kim, Sang Eun

2018-05-03

Global and regional sympathetic activity in the heart can be evaluated using [ 123 I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine ([ 123 I]mIBG) imaging. However, [ 123 I]mIBG is associated with low image spatial resolution and sensitivity in cardiac imaging. We investigated the capability of an F-18-labeled mIBG derivative, meta-(3-[ 18 F]fluoropropyl)benzylguanidine ([ 18 F]mFPBG), for identifying ischemic and viable myocardium in a rat model of myocardial infarction. The ex vivo biodistribution and in vivo metabolic stability of [ 18 F]mFPBG were investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. Selective cardiac adrenergic activation was confirmed via a blocking experiment involving pretreatment with desipramine (2 mg kg -1 ), followed by the administration of [ 18 F]mFPBG. Imaging properties of [ 18 F]mFPBG were compared with those of traditional cardiac imaging radiotracers ([ 123 I]mIBG and [ 99m Tc]MIBI) in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Non-invasive image-based measurements of infarct sizes were then compared with histological findings by using Bland-Altman analysis. The differences in infarct sizes determined using histological analysis and [ 18 F]mFPBG PET were -2.55 ± 4.99% (range: -12.33 to 7.22), -2.35 ± 3.32% (range: -8.87 to 4.16), and -3.15 ± 6.16% (range: -15.24 to 8.93) at 5, 20, and 40 min, respectively. Furthermore, [ 18 F]mFPBG PET was superior to traditional imaging methods in assessing the degree of ischemia in areas of myocardial infarction, as well as the actual infarct size. Compared to [ 123 I]mIBG, [ 18 F]mFPBG showed improved spatial resolution and sensitivity in a rat model of myocardial infarction. This result suggested that [ 18 F]mFPBG is a promising cardiac PET imaging agent for potential diagnostic application in PET cardiology. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Registration of F1025, F1026, and F1027 sugarbeet germplasm with low concentrations of sodium, potassium, or amino-nitrogen

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

F1025 (Reg. No. GP-xxx, PI xxxxxx), F1026 (Reg. No. GP-xxx, PI xxxxxx), and F1027 (Reg. No. GP-xxx, PI xxxxxx) sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) germplasm lines, selected for low concentrations of sodium, potassium, and amino-nitrogen, respectively, in the roots, were released by the USDA-ARS and the Nor...
The OsPS1-F gene regulates growth and development in rice by modulating photosynthetic electron transport rate.

PubMed

Ramamoorthy, Rengasamy; Vishal, Bhushan; Ramachandran, Srinivasan; Kumar, Prakash P

2018-02-01

Ds insertion in rice OsPS1-F gene results in semi-dwarf plants with reduced tiller number and grain yield, while genetic complementation with OsPS1-F rescued the mutant phenotype. Photosynthetic electron transport is regulated in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane by multi-protein complexes. Studies about photosynthetic machinery and its subunits in crop plants are necessary, because they could be crucial for yield enhancement in the long term. Here, we report the characterization of OsPS1-F (encoding Oryza sativa PHOTOSYSTEM 1-F subunit) using a single copy Ds insertion rice mutant line. The homozygous mutant (osps1-f) showed striking difference in growth and development compared to the wild type (WT), including, reduction in plant height, tiller number, grain yield as well as pale yellow leaf coloration. Chlorophyll concentration and electron transport rate were significantly reduced in the mutant compared to the WT. OsPS1-F gene was highly expressed in rice leaves compared to other tissues at different developmental stages tested. Upon complementation of the mutant with proUBI::OsPS1-F, the observed mutant phenotypes were rescued. Our results illustrate that OsPS1-F plays an important role in regulating proper growth and development of rice plants.
Theoretical and experimental tests of a chromosomal fingerprint for densely ionizing radiation based on F ratios calculated from stable and unstable chromosome aberrations

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Lucas, J. N.; Deng, W.; Oram, S. W.; Hill, F. S.; Durante, M.; George, K.; Wu, H.; Owens, C. L.; Yang, T.

1999-01-01

In the present study, F ratios for both stable chromosome aberrations, i.e. ratios of translocations to pericentric inversions, and unstable aberrations, i.e. dicentrics and centric rings, were measured using fluorescence in situ hybridization. F ratios for stable aberrations measured after exposure to low (2.89 Gy 60Co gamma rays) and high-LET (0.25 Gy 56Fe ions; 1.25 Gy 56Fe ions; 3.0 Gy 12C ions) radiation were 6.5 +/- 1.5, 4.7 +/- 1.6, 9.3 +/- 2.5 and 10.4 +/- 3.0, respectively. F ratios for unstable aberrations measured after low (2.89 Gy 60Co gamma rays) and high-LET (0.25 Gy 56Fe ions; 3.0 Gy 12C ions) radiations were 6.5 +/- 1.6, 6.3 +/- 2.3 and 11.1 +/- 3.7, respectively. No significant difference between the F ratios for low- and high-LET radiation was found. Further tests on the models for calculation of the F ratio proposed by Brenner and Sachs (Radiat. Res. 140, 134-142, 1994) showed that the F ratio may not be straightforward as a practical fingerprint for densely ionizing radiation.
45 CFR Appendix F to Part 1355 - Appendix F to Part 1355

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Appendix F to Part 1355 F Appendix F to Part 1355 Public Welfare Regulations Relating to Public Welfare (Continued) OFFICE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT SERVICES, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES THE ADMINISTRATION ON CHILDREN, YOUTH AND FAMILIES, FOSTER CARE...
40 CFR Figure F-1 to Subpart F of... - Designation Testing Checklist

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... tests must be performed:§ 53.62 - Full Wind Tunnel § 53.63 - Inlet Aspiration § 53.64 - Static... 40 Protection of Environment 5 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Designation Testing Checklist F Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED...
40 CFR Figure F-1 to Subpart F of... - Designation Testing Checklist

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... tests must be performed:§ 53.62 - Full Wind Tunnel § 53.63 - Inlet Aspiration § 53.64 - Static... 40 Protection of Environment 5 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Designation Testing Checklist F Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED...
40 CFR Figure F-1 to Subpart F of... - Designation Testing Checklist

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... tests must be performed:§ 53.62 - Full Wind Tunnel § 53.63 - Inlet Aspiration § 53.64 - Static... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Designation Testing Checklist F Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED...
40 CFR Figure F-1 to Subpart F of... - Designation Testing Checklist

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... tests must be performed:§ 53.62 - Full Wind Tunnel § 53.63 - Inlet Aspiration § 53.64 - Static... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Designation Testing Checklist F Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED...
40 CFR Figure F-1 to Subpart F of... - Designation Testing Checklist

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... tests must be performed:§ 53.62 - Full Wind Tunnel § 53.63 - Inlet Aspiration § 53.64 - Static... 40 Protection of Environment 6 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Designation Testing Checklist F Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED...
One-Proton Breakup of 18F and the 17O(p,γ)18F Reaction in Classical Novae

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Isherwood, Bryan; Banu, A.; E491 Collaboration

2013-10-01

Classical nova studies are of considerable interest for understanding the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. They have been proposed as the most significant source for the nucleosynthesis of the isotopes 13C, 15N, and 17O in the Universe. Novae are also likely to synthesize the short-lived radioisotope 18F (T1/2 = 110 min), which is expected to be the most important contributor to the observed emission of 511 keV gamma radiation by space-based γ-ray telescopes. This emission is produced by electron-positron annihilation following the beta + decay of radioactive nuclei. A detection of these gamma rays could significantly constrain the nova simulation models. 18F nucleosynthesis in classical novae strongly depends on the thermonuclear rate of the 17O(p,γ)18F reaction, which is part of the CNO cycle. This work presents preliminary results toward determination of the 17O(p,γ)18F reaction cross section, which was measured by the indirect method of one-proton nuclear breakup at intermediate energies. The experiment was carried out at GANIL using a beam of 18F at 40 MeV/u impinging on a carbon target. Longitudinal momentum distributions of the 17O breakup fragments were measured in coincidence with γ-rays emitted by 17O residues.
A New Set of ESTs from Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Embryo Reveals Two Novel F-Box Genes, CarF-box_PP2 and CarF-box_LysM, with Potential Roles in Seed Development

PubMed Central

Gupta, Shefali; Garg, Vanika; Bhatia, Sabhyata

2015-01-01

Considering the economic importance of chickpea (C. arietinum L.) seeds, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying seed development for which a cDNA library was constructed from 6 day old chickpea embryos. A total of 8,186 ESTs were obtained from which 4,048 high quality ESTs were assembled into 1,480 unigenes that majorly encoded genes involved in various metabolic and regulatory pathways. Of these, 95 ESTs were found to be involved in ubiquitination related protein degradation pathways and 12 ESTs coded specifically for putative F-box proteins. Differential transcript accumulation of these putative F-box genes was observed in chickpea tissues as evidenced by quantitative real-time PCR. Further, to explore the role of F-box proteins in chickpea seed development, two F-box genes were selected for molecular characterization. These were named as CarF-box_PP2 and CarF-box_LysM depending on their C-terminal domains, PP2 and LysM, respectively. Their highly conserved structures led us to predict their target substrates. Subcellular localization experiment revealed that CarF-box_PP2 was localized in the cytoplasm and CarF-box_LysM was localized in the nucleus. We demonstrated their physical interactions with SKP1 protein, which validated that they function as F-box proteins in the formation of SCF complexes. Sequence analysis of their promoter regions revealed certain seed specific cis-acting elements that may be regulating their preferential transcript accumulation in the seed. Overall, the study helped in expanding the EST database of chickpea, which was further used to identify two novel F-box genes having a potential role in seed development. PMID:25803812
Infection Courts in Watermelon Plants Leading to Seed Infestation by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum.

PubMed

Petkar, Aparna; Ji, Pingsheng

2017-07-01

Fusarium wilt incited by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum is a seed-transmitted disease that causes significant yield loss in watermelon production. The pathogen may infect watermelon seeds latently, which can be an important inoculum source and contribute to severe disease outbreak. However, information regarding infection courts of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum leading to infestation of watermelon seeds is limited. To determine how seeds in watermelon fruit can be infested by F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum during the watermelon growing season, greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 where watermelon flowers and immature fruit were inoculated with F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum. Seeds were extracted from mature watermelon fruit, and infestation of watermelon seeds was determined by isolation of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum and further confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Inoculation of the pericarp of immature fruit resulted in 17.8 to 54.4% of infested seeds under field conditions and 0.6 to 12.8% of infested seeds under greenhouse conditions when seeds were not surface disinfested prior to isolation. Seed infestation was also detected in 0 to 4.5% of the seeds when seeds were surface disinfested prior to isolation. Inoculation of pistil resulted in 0 to 7.2% and 0 to 18.3% of infested seeds under greenhouse and field conditions when seeds were surface disinfested or not disinfested before isolation, respectively. Inoculation of peduncle resulted in 0.6 to 6.1% and 0 to 10.0% of infested seeds in the greenhouse and field experiments when seeds were surface disinfested or not disinfested before isolation, respectively. Seed infestation was also detected in all the experiments using real-time PCR assay when pericarp or pistil was inoculated, and in three of four experiments when peduncle was inoculated, regardless of whether seeds were surface disinfested or not disinfested. Pericarp and peduncle of immature watermelon fruit
M2-F1 in flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1965-01-01

The M2-F1 Lifting Body is seen here under tow, high above Rogers Dry Lake near the Flight Research Center (later redesignated the Dryden Flight Research Center), Edwards, California. R. Dale Reed effectively advocated the project with the support of NASA research pilot Milt Thompson. Together, they gained the support of Flight Research Center Director Paul Bikle. After a six-month feasibility study, Bikle gave approval in the fall of 1962 for the M2-F1 to be built. The wingless, lifting body aircraft design was initially concieved as a means of landing an aircraft horizontally after atmospheric reentry. The absence of wings would make the extreme heat of re-entry less damaging to the vehicle. In 1962, Flight Research Center management approved a program to build a lightweight, unpowered lifting body as a prototype to flight test the wingless concept. It would look like a 'flying bathtub,' and was designated the M2-F1, the 'M' referring to 'manned' and 'F' referring to 'flight' version. It featured a plywood shell placed over a tubular steel frame crafted at Dryden. Construction was completed in 1963. The first flight tests of the M2-F1 were over Rogers Dry Lake at the end of a tow rope attached to a hopped-up Pontiac convertible driven at speeds up to about 120 mph. These initial tests produced enough flight data about the M2-F1 to proceed with flights behind a NASA C-47 tow plane at greater altitudes. The C-47 took the craft to an altitude of 12,000 where free flights back to Rogers Dry Lake began. Pilot for the first series of flights of the M2-F1 was NASA research pilot Milt Thompson. Typical glide flights with the M2-F1 lasted about two minutes and reached speeds of 110 to l20 mph. More than 400 ground tows and 77 aircraft tow flights were carried out with the M2-F1. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers--the M2-F2 and the HL
Measurement of fission yields and isomeric yield ratios at IGISOL

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Pomp, Stephan; Mattera, Andrea; Rakopoulos, Vasileios; Al-Adili, Ali; Lantz, Mattias; Solders, Andreas; Jansson, Kaj; Prokofiev, Alexander V.; Eronen, Tommi; Gorelov, Dimitri; Jokinen, Ari; Kankainen, Anu; Moore, Iain D.; Penttilä, Heikki; Rinta-Antila, Sami

2018-03-01

Data on fission yields and isomeric yield ratios (IYR) are tools to study the fission process, in particular the generation of angular momentum. We use the IGISOL facility with the Penning trap JYFLTRAP in Jyväskylä, Finland, for such measurements on 232Th and natU targets. Previously published fission yield data from IGISOL concern the 232Th(p,f) and 238U(p,f) reactions at 25 and 50 MeV. Recently, a neutron source, using the Be(p,n) reaction, has been developed, installed and tested. We summarize the results for (p,f) focusing on the first measurement of IYR by direct ion counting. We also present first results for IYR and relative yields for Sn and Sb isotopes in the 128-133 mass range from natU(n,f) based on γ-spectrometry. We find a staggering behaviour in the cumulative yields for Sn and a shift in the independent fission yields for Sb as compared to current evaluations. Plans for the future experimental program on fission yields and IYR measurements are discussed.
WE-FG-202-05: Quantification of Bone Flare On [F-18] NaF PET/CT in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Weisman, A; Harmon, S; Perk, T

Purpose: Bone flare has been observed on Tc-99m bone scans during early assessment in metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC) patients receiving select androgen-signaling pathway (AR) targeted treatments, including CYP17-inhibitor Abiraterone. This study investigates the appearance and potential clinical impact of bone flare in mCRPC patients receiving CYP17-inhibitors using {sup 18}F-NaF PET/CT. Methods: Twenty-three mCRPC patients being treated with CYP17-inhibitors received NaF PET/CT scans at baseline, week 6, and week 12 of treatment. Individual lesions were identified using a SUV>15 threshold within skeletal regions and articulated bone registration was used to track lesions between scans. Standard SUV metrics were extracted globallymore » for each patient (pSUV) and for each individual lesion (iSUV). Differences in metrics across time-points were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted between global metrics and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: Nineteen patients (83%) showed increasing NaF PET global metrics at week 6, with pSUV{sub total} reflecting consensus change across other global metrics with median increase +33% (range +2 to 205%). Of these patients, 14 showed subsequent decrease in pSUV{sub total}, with a median of −17% (range −76 to −1%), indicating flare phenomenon. Increasing pSUV{sub mean} at week 6 correlated with extended clinical PFS (HR = 0.58, p=0.02). New lesions did not account for the initial increase in global NaF metrics. Lesion-level analysis reveals 316 lesions in the 14 patients exhibiting global flare. On average, 75% (sd: 22%) of lesions follow global trends with iSUV{sub total} increasing at week 6 and 65% (sd: 17%) showing iSUV{sub total} decrease at week 12. Conclusion: Bone flare was detected on NaF PET/CT in the first 6 weeks of treatment for mCRPC patients receiving CYP17-inhibitors, subsiding by week 12. Characterization provided
Small molecule correctors of F508del-CFTR discovered by structure-based virtual screening

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kalid, Ori; Mense, Martin; Fischman, Sharon; Shitrit, Alina; Bihler, Hermann; Ben-Zeev, Efrat; Schutz, Nili; Pedemonte, Nicoletta; Thomas, Philip J.; Bridges, Robert J.; Wetmore, Diana R.; Marantz, Yael; Senderowitz, Hanoch

2010-12-01

Folding correctors of F508del-CFTR were discovered by in silico structure-based screening utilizing homology models of CFTR. The intracellular segment of CFTR was modeled and three cavities were identified at inter-domain interfaces: (1) Interface between the two Nucleotide Binding Domains (NBDs); (2) Interface between NBD1 and Intracellular Loop (ICL) 4, in the region of the F508 deletion; (3) multi-domain interface between NBD1:2:ICL1:2:4. We hypothesized that compounds binding at these interfaces may improve the stability of the protein, potentially affecting the folding yield or surface stability. In silico structure-based screening was performed at the putative binding-sites and a total of 496 candidate compounds from all three sites were tested in functional assays. A total of 15 compounds, representing diverse chemotypes, were identified as F508del folding correctors. This corresponds to a 3% hit rate, tenfold higher than hit rates obtained in corresponding high-throughput screening campaigns. The same binding sites also yielded potentiators and, most notably, compounds with a dual corrector-potentiator activity (dual-acting). Compounds harboring both activity types may prove to be better leads for the development of CF therapeutics than either pure correctors or pure potentiators. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of structure-based discovery of CFTR modulators.
51F activities

NASA Image and Video Library

2009-06-25

51F-12-034 (29 July-6 Aug 1985) --- A ball of liquid floats aboard Challenger as one of the Spacelab 2 crewmembers continues the ongoing fascination of liquids in weightlessness. Coffe, grape juice, orange juice, strawberry punch and various other beverages have been formed into globules, usually by the means of plastic straws, on a number of previous Shuttle missions as well as earlier NASA spacecraft. A second crewmember photographed this closeup with a 35 mm camera.

Potent, nonsteroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) based on 8H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3-f]quinolin-8-ones.

PubMed

Higuchi, Robert I; Thompson, Anthony W; Chen, Jyun-Hung; Caferro, Thomas R; Cummings, Marquis L; Deckhut, Charlotte P; Adams, Mark E; Tegley, Christopher M; Edwards, James P; López, Francisco J; Kallel, E Adam; Karanewsky, Donald S; Schrader, William T; Marschke, Keith B; Zhi, Lin

2007-10-01

A series of androgen receptor modulators based on 8H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3-f]quinolin-8-ones was synthesized and evaluated in an androgen receptor transcriptional activation assay. The most potent analogues from the series exhibited single-digit nanomolar potency in vitro. Compound 18h demonstrated full efficacy in the maintenance of muscle weight, at 10 mg/kg, with reduced activity in prostate weight in an in vivo model of androgen action.
F8 and F9 mutations in US haemophilia patients: correlation with history of inhibitor and race/ethnicity.

PubMed

Miller, C H; Benson, J; Ellingsen, D; Driggers, J; Payne, A; Kelly, F M; Soucie, J M; Craig Hooper, W

2012-05-01

Both genetic and treatment-related risk factors contribute to the development of inhibitors in haemophilia. An inhibitor surveillance system piloted at 12 US sites has the goal of assessing risk factors through prospective data collection. This report examines the relationship of genotype and race/ethnicity to history of inhibitor in a large cohort of US haemophilia patients. Mutation analysis was performed on 676 haemophilia A (HA) and 153 haemophilia B (HB) patients by sequencing, Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification, and PCR for inversions in F8 introns 22 (inv22) and 1 (inv1). Two HB patients with deletions had history of inhibitor. In severe HA, frequency of history of inhibitor was: large deletion 57.1%, splice site 35.7%, inv22 26.8%, nonsense 24.5%, frameshift 12.9%, inv1 11.1% and missense 9.5%. In HA, 19.6% of 321 White non-Hispanics (Whites), 37.1% of 35 Black non-Hispanics (Blacks) and 46.9% of 32 Hispanics had history of inhibitor (P = 0.0003). Mutation types and novel mutation rates were similar across ethnicities. When F8 haplotypes were constructed, Whites and Hispanics showed only H1 and H2. Within H1, history of inhibitor was 12.4% in Whites, 40.0% in Blacks (P = 0.009) and 32.4% in Hispanics (P = 0.002). Inhibitor frequency is confirmed to vary by mutation type and race in a large US population. White patients with history of inhibitor did not exhibit rare F8 haplotypes. F8 gene analysis did not reveal a cause for the higher inhibitor frequencies in Black and Hispanic patients. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
AgPO2F2 and Ag9(PO2F2)14: the first Ag(i) and Ag(i)/Ag(ii) difluorophosphates with complex crystal structures.

PubMed

Malinowski, Przemysław J; Kurzydłowski, Dominik; Grochala, Wojciech

2015-12-07

The reaction of AgF2 with P2O3F4 yields a mixed valence Ag(I)/Ag(II) difluorophosphate salt with AgAg(PO2F2)14 stoichiometry - the first Ag(ii)-PO2F2 system known. This highly moisture sensitive brown solid is thermally stable up to 120 °C, which points at further feasible extension of the chemistry of Ag(ii)-PO2F2 systems. The crystal structure shows a very complex bonding pattern, comprising of polymeric Ag(PO2F2)14(4-) anions and two types of Ag(I) cations. One particular Ag(II) site present in the crystal structure of Ag9(PO2F2)14 is the first known example of square pyramidal penta-coordinated Ag(ii) in an oxo-ligand environment. Ag(i)PO2F2 - the product of the thermal decomposition of Ag9(PO2F2)14 - has also been characterized by thermal analysis, IR spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. It has a complicated crystal structure as well, which consists of infinite 1D [Ag(I)O4/2] chains which are linked to more complex 3D structures via OPO bridges. The PO2F2(-) anions bind to cations in both compounds as bidentate oxo-ligands. The terminal F atoms tend to point inside the van der Waals cavities in the crystal structure of both compounds. All important structural details of both title compounds were corroborated by DFT calculations.
Starmerella camargoi f.a., sp. nov., Starmerella ilheusensis f.a., sp. nov., Starmerella litoralis f.a., sp. nov., Starmerella opuntiae f.a., sp. nov., Starmerella roubikii f.a., sp. nov. and Starmerella vitae f.a., sp. nov., isolated from flowers and bees, and transfer of related Candida species to the genus Starmerella as new combinations.

PubMed

Santos, Ana Raquel O; Leon, Marina P; Barros, Katharina O; Freitas, Larissa F D; Hughes, Alice F S; Morais, Paula B; Lachance, Marc-André; Rosa, Carlos A

2018-04-01

Six novel yeast species, Starmerella camargoi f.a., sp. nov., Starmerella ilheusensis f.a., sp. nov., Starmerella litoralis f.a., Starmerella opuntiae f.a., sp. nov., sp. nov., Starmerella roubikii f.a., sp. nov. and Starmerella vitae f.a, sp. nov. are proposed to accommodate 19 isolates recovered from ephemeral flowers or bees in Brazil, Costa Rica and Belize. Sequence analysis of the ITS-5.8S region (when available) and the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that the six novel yeasts are phylogenetically related to several species of the Starmerella clade. The type strains are Starmerella camargoi f.a., sp. nov. UFMG-CM-Y595 T (=CBS 14130 T ; Mycobank number MB 822640), Starmerella ilheusensis f.a., sp. nov. UFMG-CM-Y596 T (=CBS CBS14131 T ; MB 822641), Starmerella litoralis f.a., sp. nov. UFMG-CM-Y603 T (=CBS14104 T ; MB 822642), Starmerella opuntiae f.a., sp. nov. UFMG-CM-Y286 T (=CBS 13466 T ; MB 822643), Starmerella roubikii f.a., sp. nov. UWOPS 01-191.1 (=CBS 15148; MB 822645) and Starmerella vitae f.a., sp. nov. UWOPS 00-107.2 (=CBS 15147 T ; MB 822646). In addition, 25 species currently assigned to the genus Candida are reassigned formally to the genus Starmerella.
Identification of time-to-peak on dynamic 18F-FET-PET as a prognostic marker specifically in IDH1/2 mutant diffuse astrocytoma.

PubMed

Suchorska, Bogdana; Giese, Armin; Biczok, Annamaria; Unterrainer, Marcus; Weller, Michael; Drexler, Mark; Bartenstein, Peter; Schüller, Ulrich; Tonn, Jörg-Christian; Albert, Nathalie L

2018-01-22

Stratification of glioma according to isocitrate dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status has gained major importance in the new World Health Organization (WHO) classification. Parameters derived from uptake dynamics of 18F-fluoro-ethyl-tyrosine PET (18F-FET-PET) such as minimal time-to-peak (TTPmin) allow discrimination between different prognostic glioma subgroups, too. The present study is aimed at exploring whether TTPmin analysis provides prognostic information beyond the WHO classification. Three hundred patients with newly diagnosed WHO 2007 grades II-IV gliomas with 18F-FET-PET imaging at diagnosis were grouped into 4 subgroups (IDH1/2 mut-1p/19q codel; IDH1/2 mut-1p/19q non-codel; IDH1/2 wildtype WHO grade II and III tumors; and glioblastoma). Clinical and imaging factors such as age, Karnofsky performance score, treatment, TTPmin, and maximal tumor-to-brain ratio (TBRmax) were analyzed with regard to progression-free and overall survival (PFS and OS) via univariate and multivariate regression analysis. PFS and OS were longest in the IDH1/2 mut-1p/19q codel subgroup, followed by IDH1/2 mut-1p/19q non-codel, IDH1/2 wildtype, and GBM (P < 0.001). Further, outcome stratified by TTPmin with a cutoff of 17.5 minutes revealed significantly longer PFS and OS in patients with TTPmin >17.5 minutes (P < 0.001 for PFS and OS). Lower TBRmax values or the absence of 18F-FET uptake was also associated with favorable outcome in the entire group. In the subgroup analyses, longer median TTPmin was associated with improved outcome specifically in the IDH1/2 mut-1p/19q non-codel group. 18F-FET-PET-derived dynamic analysis defines prognostically distinct subgroups of IDH1/2 mutant-1p/19q non-codel gliomas which cannot be distinguished as yet by molecular marker analysis. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com
Radiosynthesis of [18F]Trifluoroalkyl Groups: Scope and Limitations

PubMed Central

Riss, P. J.

2014-01-01

The present paper is concerned with radiochemical methodology to furnish the trifluoromethyl motif labelled with 18F. Literature spanning the last four decades is comprehensively reviewed and radiochemical yields and specific activities are discussed. PMID:25110676
TFDP3 was expressed in coordination with E2F1 to inhibit E2F1-mediated apoptosis in prostate cancer.

PubMed

Ma, Yueyun; Xin, Yijuan; Li, Rui; Wang, Zhe; Yue, Qiaohong; Xiao, Fengjing; Hao, Xiaoke

2014-03-10

TFDP3 has been previously identified as an inhibitor of E2F molecules. It has been shown to suppress E2F1-induced apoptosis dependent P53 and to play a potential role in carcinogenesis. However, whether it indeed helps cancer cells tolerate apoptosis stress in cancer tissues remains unknown. TFDP3 expression was assessed by RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in normal human tissues, cancer tissues and prostate cancer tissues. The association between TFDP3 and E2F1 in prostate cancer development was analyzed in various stages. Apoptosis was evaluated with annexin-V and propidium iodide staining and flow-cytometry. The results show that, in 96 samples of normal human tissues, TFDP3 could be detected in the cerebrum, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, bronchus, breast, ovary, uterus, and skin, but seldom in the lung, muscles, prostate, and liver. In addition, TFDP3 was highly expressed in numerous cancer tissues, such as brain-keratinous, lung squamous cell carcinoma, testicular seminoma, cervical carcinoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, gastric adenocarcinoma, liver cancer, and prostate cancer. Moreover, TFDP3 was positive in 23 (62.2%) of 37 prostate cancer samples regardless of stage. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry results show that TFDP3 was always expressed in coordination with E2F1 at equivalent expression levels in prostate cancer tissues, and was highly expressed particularly in samples of high stage. When E2F1 was extrogenously expressed in LNCap cells, TFDP3 could be induced, and the apoptosis induced by E2F1 was significantly decreased. It was demonstrated that TFDP3 was a broadly expressed protein corresponding to E2F1 in human tissues, and suggested that TFDP3 is involved in prostate cancer cell survival by suppressing apoptosis induced by E2F1. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Investigation of instability of M23C6 particles in F82H steel under electron and ion irradiation conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kano, Sho; Yang, Huilong; Shen, Jingjie; Zhao, Zishou; McGrady, John; Hamaguchi, Dai; Ando, Mamami; Tanigawa, Hiroyasu; Abe, Hiroaki

2018-04-01

In order to clarify the instability of M23C6 in F82H steel under irradiation, both electron irradiation using a high voltage electron microscope (HVEM) and ion irradiation using an ion accelerator were performed. For the electron irradiation, in-situ observation under 2 MV electron irradiation and ex-situ high resolution electron microscopic (HREM) analysis were utilized to evaluate the response of M23C6 against irradiation. The temperature dependence of the irradiation induced instability of the carbide was first confirmed: 293 K < T < 573 K, by observation of lowering in contrast at the periphery of carbides, 698 K < T < 773 K, fragmentation at the interface between carbides and matrix, and at 773 K, formation and coarsening of new particles near the periphery of M23C6. HREM analysis showed the loss of the lattice fringe contrast at the pre-existing M23C6 precipitates at temperatures ranging from 473 to 773 K, indicating severe loss of crystallinity due to dissolution of the constituent atoms though irradiation-enhanced diffusion under the vacancy diffusion by the focused electron beam irradiation. For the ion irradiation, 10.5 MeV-Fe3+ ion was applied to bombard the F82H steel at 673 K to achieve the displacement damage of ≈20 dpa at the depth of 1.0 μm from surface. Cross-section TEM specimens were prepared by a focused ion beam technique. The shrinkage of carbide particles was observed especially near the irradiation surface. Besides, the lattice fringes at the periphery of carbide were observed in the irradiated M23C6 by the HREM analysis, which is different from that observed in the electron irradiation. It was clarified that the instability of M23C6 is dependent on the irradiation conditions, indicating that the flow rate of vacancy type defects might be the key factor to cause the dissolution of constituent atoms of carbide particles into matrix under irradiation.
Diagnostic impact of PET with 18F-FDG, 18F-DOPA and 3-O-methyl-6-[18F]fluoro-DOPA in recurrent or metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma.

PubMed

Beuthien-Baumann, B; Strumpf, A; Zessin, J; Bredow, J; Kotzerke, J

2007-10-01

In patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), rising levels of the tumour markers calcitonin and CEA after primary surgery indicate tumour recurrence or metastases. The only chance of cure is the resection of localised tumour tissue. For positron emission tomography (PET) with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and (18)F-dihydroxyphenylalanine ((18)F-DOPA), sensitivities of 78% and 63% have been reported, but in a considerable percentage of MTC patients the source of tumour marker elevation is not detected. The aim of this retrospective data evaluation was to compare the value of PET with (18)F-FDG, (18)F-DOPA and the amino acid tracer 3-O-methyl-6-[(18)F]fluoro-DOPA ((18)F-OMFD) in the detection of MTC recurrence. Fifteen patients with elevated calcitonin were investigated with PET as part of their individual clinical work-up. All patients underwent (18)F-FDG PET and (18)F-DOPA PET, and ten patients underwent (18)F-OMFD PET. With (18)F-FDG, seven patients showed foci in the neck, mediastinum, upper abdomen or bone. In seven patients, (18)F-DOPA revealed suspicious foci; five of these seven patients showed partially corresponding uptake of (18)F-FDG in the neck and mediastinum. Two of these patients underwent surgery and metastases were verified. With (18)F-OMFD, a small focus in the liver was suspected in one patient without a correlate on (18)F-FDG PET, (18)F-DOPA PET or conventional imaging. (18)F-FDG and (18)F-DOPA showed foci that were highly suspicious for local recurrence or metastasis of MTC, although histological verification in these patients with numerous previous surgical interventions was performed in only two patients. The amino acid tracer (18)F-OMFD had no diagnostic impact in these patients.
Self-Expanding Nitinol Renal Artery Stents: Comparison of Safety and Efficacy of Bare Versus Polyzene-F Nanocoated Stents in a Porcine Model

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kurz, P.; Stampfl, U.; Christoph, P.

2011-02-15

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of a Polyzene-F nanocoat on new low-profile self-expandable nitinol stents in minipig renal arteries. Materials and Methods: Ten bare nitinol stents (BNS) and 10 stents coated with a 50 nm-thin Polyzene-F coating were randomly implanted into renal arteries of 10 minipigs (4- and 12-week follow-up, 5 animals/group). Thrombogenicity, on-stent surface endothelialization, vessel wall injury, late in-stent stenosis, and peristrut vessel wall inflammation were determined by quantitative angiography and postmortem histomorphometry. Results: In 6 of 10 BNS, >50% stenosis was found, but no stenosis was found in stents with a nanothin Polyzene-F coating. Histomorphometrymore » showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) different average maximum luminal loss of 55.16% {+-} 8.43% at 12 weeks in BNS versus 39.77% {+-} 7.41% in stents with a nanothin Polyzene-F coating. Stents with a nanothin Polyzene-F coating had a significantly (p < 0.05) lower inflammation score after 12 weeks, 1.31 {+-} 1.17 versus 2.17 {+-} 0.85 in BNS. The results for vessel wall injury (0.6 {+-} 0.58 for Polyzene-F-coated stents; 0.72 {+-} 0.98 for BNS) and re-endothelialization, (1.16 {+-} 0.43 and 1.23 {+-} 0.54, respectively) were not statistically significant at 12-week follow-up. No thrombus deposition was observed on the stents at either follow-up time point. Conclusion: Nitinol stents with a nanothin Polyzene-F coating successfully decreased in-stent stenosis and vessel wall inflammation compared with BNS. Endothelialization and vessel wall injury were found to be equal. These studies warrant long-term pig studies ({>=}120 days) because 12 weeks may not be sufficient time for complete healing; thereafter, human studies may be warranted.« less
Identification of Drosophila melanogaster yellow-f and yellow-f2 proteins as dopachrome-conversion enzymes.

PubMed Central

Han, Qian; Fang, Jianmin; Ding, Haizhen; Johnson, Jody K; Christensen, Bruce M; Li, Jianyong

2002-01-01

This study describes the identification of Drosophila yellow-f and yellow-f2 as dopachrome-conversion enzymes responsible for catalysing the conversion of dopachrome into 5,6-dihydroxyindole in the melanization pathway. Drosophila yellow -y gene and yellow -b, -c, -f and -f2 genes were expressed in an insect cell/baculovirus expression system and their corresponding recombinant proteins were screened for dopachrome-conversion enzyme activity. Among the yellow and yellow -related genes, the yellow -f and yellow -f2 genes were identified as the genes coding for Drosophila dopachrome-conversion enzyme based on the high activity of their recombinant proteins in catalysing the production of 5,6-dihydroxyindole from dopachrome. Both yellow-f and yellow-f2 are capable of mediating a decarboxylative structural rearrangement of dopachrome, as well as an isomerization/tautomerization of dopamine chrome and dopa methyl ester chrome. Northern hybridization revealed the transcription of yellow -f in larvae and pupae, but a high abundance of mRNA was observed in later larval and early pupal stages. In contrast, yellow-f2 transcripts were present at all stages, but high abundance of its mRNA was observed in later-stage pupae and adults. These data indicate that yellow-f and yellow-f2 complement each other during Drosophila development and that the yellow-f is involved in larval and pupal melanization, and yellow-f2 plays a major role in melanization reactions in Drosophila during later pupal and adult development. Results from this study provide the groundwork towards a better understanding of the physiological roles of the Drosophila yellow gene family. PMID:12164780
Interaction of Pseudostellaria heterophylla with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. heterophylla mediated by its root exudates in a consecutive monoculture system.

PubMed

Zhao, Yongpo; Wu, Linkun; Chu, Leixia; Yang, Yanqiu; Li, Zhenfang; Azeem, Saadia; Zhang, Zhixing; Fang, Changxun; Lin, Wenxiong

2015-02-03

In this study, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to determine the amount of Fusarium oxysporum, an important replant disease pathogen in Pseudostellaria heterophylla rhizospheric soil. Moreover, HPLC was used to identify phenolic acids in root exudates then it was further to explore the effects of the phenolic acid allelochemicals on the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. heterophylla. The amount of F. oxysporum increased significantly in P. heterophylla rhizosphere soil under a consecutive replant system as monitored through qPCR analysis. Furthermore, the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. heterophylla mycelium was enhanced by root exudates with a maximum increase of 23.8%. In addition, the number of spores increased to a maximum of 12.5-fold. Some phenolic acids promoted the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. heterophylla mycelium and spore production. Our study revealed that phenolic acids in the root secretion of P. heterophylla increased long with its development, which was closely related to changes in rhizospheric microorganisms. The population of pathogenic microorganisms such as F. oxysporum in the rhizosphere soil of P. heterophylla also sharply increased. Our results on plant-microbe communication will help to better clarify the cause of problems associated with P. heterophylla under consecutive monoculture treatment.
40 CFR Appendix C to Subpart F of... - Method for Testing Recovery Devices for Use With Small Appliances

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... for Use With Small Appliances C Appendix C to Subpart F of Part 82 Protection of Environment... and Emissions Reduction Pt. 82, Subpt. F, App. C Appendix C to Subpart F of Part 82—Method for Testing... system. II. Test Conditions Tests are to be conducted at 75 degrees F, plus or minus 2 degrees F (23.9 C...
Disruption of Mouse Cytochrome P450 4f14 (Cyp4f14 Gene) Causes Severe Perturbations in Vitamin E Metabolism*

PubMed Central

Bardowell, Sabrina A.; Duan, Faping; Manor, Danny; Swanson, Joy E.; Parker, Robert S.

2012-01-01

Vitamin E is a family of naturally occurring and structurally related lipophilic antioxidants, one of which, α-tocopherol (α-TOH), selectively accumulates in vertebrate tissues. The ω-hydroxylase cytochrome P450–4F2 (CYP4F2) is the only human enzyme shown to metabolize vitamin E. Using cDNA cloning, cell culture expression, and activity assays, we identified Cyp4f14 as a functional murine ortholog of CYP4F2. We then investigated the effect of Cyp4f14 deletion on vitamin E metabolism and status in vivo. Cyp4f14-null mice exhibited substrate-specific reductions in liver microsomal vitamin E-ω-hydroxylase activity ranging from 93% (γ-TOH) to 48% (γ-tocotrienol). In vivo data obtained from metabolic cage studies showed whole-body reductions in metabolism of γ-TOH of 90% and of 68% for δ- and α-TOH. This metabolic deficit in Cyp4f14−/− mice was partially offset by increased fecal excretion of nonmetabolized tocopherols and of novel ω-1- and ω-2-hydroxytocopherols. 12′-OH-γ-TOH represented 41% of whole-body production of γ-TOH metabolites in Cyp4f14−/− mice fed a soybean oil diet. Despite these counterbalancing mechanisms, Cyp4f14-null mice fed this diet for 6 weeks hyper-accumulated γ-TOH (2-fold increase over wild-type littermates) in all tissues and appeared normal. We conclude that CYP4F14 is the major but not the only vitamin E-ω-hydroxylase in mice. Its disruption significantly impairs whole-body vitamin E metabolism and alters the widely conserved phenotype of preferential tissue deposition of α-TOH. This model animal and its derivatives will be valuable in determining the biological actions of specific tocopherols and tocotrienols in vivo. PMID:22665481
Characterization of an F-center in an alkali halide cluster

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bader, R. F. W.; Platts, J. A.

1997-11-01

The removal of a fluorine atom from its central position in a cubiclike Li14F13+ cluster creates an F-center vacancy that may or may not be occupied by the remaining odd electron. The topology exhibited by the electron density in Li14F12+, the F-center cluster, enables one to make a clear distinction between the two possible forms that the odd electron can assume. If it possesses a separate identity, then a local maximum in the electron density will be found within the vacancy and the F-center will behave quantum mechanically as an open system, bounded by a surface of local zero flux in the gradient vector field of the electron density. If, however, the density of the odd electron is primarily delocalized onto the neighboring ions, then a cage critical point, a local minimum in the density, will be found at the center of the vacancy. Without an associated local maximum, the vacancy has no boundary and is undefined. Self-consistent field (SCF) calculations with geometry optimization of the Li14F13+ cluster and of the doublet state of Li14F12+ show that the creation of the central vacancy has only a minor effect upon the geometry of the cluster, the result of a local maximum in the electron density being formed within the vacancy. Thus the F-center is the physical manifestation of a non-nuclear attractor in the electron density. It is consequently a proper open system with a definable set of properties, the most characteristic being its low kinetic energy per electron. In addition to determining the properties of the F-center, the effect of its formation on the energies, volumes, populations, both electron and spin, and electron localizations of the ions in the cluster are determined.
Intramolecular sensitization of americium luminescence in solution: Shining light on short-lived forbidden 5f transitions

DOE PAGES

Sturzbecher-Hoehne, M.; Yang, P.; D'Aleo, A.; ...

2016-03-10

In this study, the photophysical properties and solution thermodynamics of water soluble trivalent americium (Am III) complexes formed with multidentate chromophore-bearing ligands, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), Enterobactin, and 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO), were investigated. The three chelators were shown to act as antenna chromophores for AmIII, generating sensitized luminescence emission from the metal upon complexation, with very short lifetimes ranging from 33 to 42 ns and low luminescence quantum yields (10 –3 to 10 –2%), characteristic of Near Infra-Red emitters in similar systems. The specific emission peak of Am III assigned to the 5D 1 → 7F 1 f–f transition was exploited to characterize the highmore » proton-independent stability of the complex formed with the most efficient sensitizer 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), with a log β 110 = 20.4 ± 0.2 value. In addition, the optical and solution thermodynamic features of these Am III complexes, combined with density functional theory calculations, were used to probe the influence of electronic structure on coordination properties across the f-element series and to gain insight into ligand field effects.« less
Intramolecular sensitization of americium luminescence in solution: shining light on short-lived forbidden 5f transitions

DOE PAGES

Sturzbecher-Hoehne, M.; Yang, P.; D'Aleo, A.; ...

2016-03-10

In this study, the photophysical properties and solution thermodynamics of water soluble trivalent americium (Am III) complexes formed with multidentate chromophore-bearing ligands, 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), Enterobactin, and 5-LIO(Me-3,2-HOPO), were investigated. The three chelators were shown to act as antenna chromophores for Am III, generating sensitized luminescence emission from the metal upon complexation, with very short lifetimes ranging from 33 to 42 ns and low luminescence quantum yields (10 -3 to 10 -2%), characteristic of Near Infra-Red emitters in similar systems. The specific emission peak of AmIII assigned to the 5D 1 → 7F 1 f–f transition was exploited to characterize the highmore » proton-independent stability of the complex formed with the most efficient sensitizer 3,4,3-LI(1,2-HOPO), with a log β 110 = 20.4 ± 0.2 value. In addition, the optical and solution thermodynamic features of these Am III complexes, combined with density functional theory calculations, were used to probe the influence of electronic structure on coordination properties across the f-element series and to gain insight into ligand field effects.« less
Northrop F-5F shark nose development

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Edwards, O. R.

1978-01-01

During spin susceptibility testing of the Northrop F-5F airplane, two erect spin entries were obtained from purely longitudinal control inputs at low speed. Post flight analysis of the data showed that the initial yaw departure occurred at zero sideslip, and review of wind tunnel data showed significant yawing moments present at angles of attack well above stall. Further analysis of this wind tunnel data indicated that the yawing moments were being generated by the long slender nose of the airplane. Redesign of the nose was accomplished, resulting in a nose configuration which completely alleviated the asymmetric yawing moments.
Superbounce and loop quantum ekpyrotic cosmologies from modified gravity: F(R) , F(G) and F(T) theories

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Odintsov, S. D.; Oikonomou, V. K.; Saridakis, Emmanuel N.

2015-12-01

We investigate the realization of two bouncing paradigms, namely of the superbounce and the loop quantum cosmological ekpyrosis, in the framework of various modified gravities. In particular, we focus on the F(R) , F(G) and F(T) gravities, and we reconstruct their specific subclasses which lead to such universe evolutions. These subclasses constitute from power laws, polynomials, or hypergeometric ansatzes, which can be approximated by power laws. The qualitative similarity of the different effective gravities which realize the above two bouncing cosmologies, indicates that a universality might be lying behind the bounce. Finally, performing a linear perturbation analysis, we show that the obtained solutions are conditionally or fully stable.
Biophysical, histopathological and pharmacological characterization of crotamine isoforms F22 and F32.

PubMed

Toyama, Marcos H; Marangoni, Sérgio; Novello, José C; Leite, Gildo B; Prado-Franceschi, Julia; da Cruz-Höfling, Maria Alice; Rodrigues-Simioni, Léa

2003-03-01

Two major crotamine isoforms (F22 and F32) were obtained after three chromatographic steps and were assayed in mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations. F32 and F22 (0.5 microg/ml, n=4) produced a facilitatory effect, which increased isometric twitch-tension by 300 and 230%, respectively, after a 120 min incubation. At a concentration of 0.1 microg/ml, both isoforms increased the twitch-tension by about 160%. However, when the isoforms were co-incubated (final concentration, 0.5 microg/ml) for 30 min prior to testing, they did not cause the facilitation seen with > or =0.1 microg/ml of each isoform alone. Histologically, F32 and F22 at 0.5 and 1 microg/ml were quantitatively alike in inducing tissue myonecrosis. However, a mixture of the two isoforms (final concentration, 0.5 microg/ml) significantly attenuated the damage seen with either toxin alone. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that the isoforms had the same molecular mass (4.8 kDa) and that they existed as monomers with a highly stable structure. These results indicate that F22 and F32 acted on muscle cells of the mouse phrenic-nerve diaphragm preparation through similar mechanisms. Since the isoforms did not produce the expected summation in the increase in muscle twitch-tension, it is possible that they may have different affinities for the sodium channel subunits.

Stabilization of primary mobile radiation defects in MgF2 crystals

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lisitsyn, V. M.; Lisitsyna, L. A.; Popov, A. I.; Kotomin, E. A.; Abuova, F. U.; Akilbekov, A.; Maier, J.

2016-05-01

Non-radiative decay of the electronic excitations (excitons) into point defects (F-H pairs of Frenkel defects) is main radiation damage mechanism in many ionic (halide) solids. Typical time scale of the relaxation of the electronic excitation into a primary, short-lived defect pair is about 1-50 ps with the quantum yield up to 0.2-0.8. However, only a small fraction of these primary defects are spatially separated and survive after transformation into stable, long-lived defects. The survival probability (or stable defect accumulation efficiency) can differ by orders of magnitude, dependent on the material type; e.g. ∼10% in alkali halides with f.c.c. or b.c.c. structure, 0.1% in rutile MgF2 and <0.001% in fluorides MeF2 (Me: Ca, Sr, Ba). The key factor determining accumulation of stable radiation defects is stabilization of primary defects, first of all, highly mobile hole H centers, through their transformation into more complex immobile defects. In this talk, we present the results of theoretical calculations of the migration energies of the F and H centers in poorely studied MgF2 crystals with a focus on the H center stabilization in the form of the interstitial F2 molecules which is supported by presented experimental data.
Bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis during anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy imaged by 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography

PubMed Central

Bruijnen, Stefan T G; Verweij, Nicki J F; van Duivenvoorde, Leonie M; Bravenboer, Nathalie; Baeten, Dominique L P; van Denderen, Christiaan J; van der Horst-Bruinsma, Irene E; Voskuyl, Alexandre E; Custers, Martijn; van de Ven, Peter M; Bot, Joost C J; Boden, Bouke J H; Lammertsma, Adriaan A; Hoekstra, Otto S H; Raijmakers, Pieter G H M; van der Laken, Conny J

2018-01-01

Abstract Objectives Excessive bone formation is an important hallmark of AS. Recently it has been demonstrated that axial bony lesions in AS patients can be visualized using 18F-fluoride PET-CT. The aim of this study was to assess whether 18F-fluoride uptake in clinically active AS patients is related to focal bone formation in spine biopsies and is sensitive to change during anti-TNF treatment. Methods Twelve anti-TNF-naïve AS patients [female 7/12; age 39 years (SD 11); BASDAI 5.5 ± 1.1] were included. 18 F-fluoride PET-CT scans were performed at baseline and in two patients, biopsies were obtained from PET-positive and PET-negative spine lesions. The remaining 10 patients underwent a second 18F-fluoride PET-CT scan after 12 weeks of anti-TNF treatment. PET scans were scored visually by two blinded expert readers. In addition, 18F-fluoride uptake was quantified using the standardized uptake value corrected for individual integrated whole blood activity concentration (SUVAUC). Clinical response to anti-TNF was defined according to a ⩾ 20% improvement in Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria at 24 weeks. Results At baseline, all patients showed at least one axial PET-positive lesion. Histological analysis of PET-positive lesions in the spine confirmed local osteoid formation. PET-positive lesions were found in the costovertebral joints (43%), facet joints (23%), bridging syndesmophytes (20%) and non-bridging vertebral lesions (14%) and in SI joints (75%). After 12 weeks of anti-TNF treatment, 18F-fluoride uptake in clinical responders decreased significantly in the costovertebral (mean SUVAUC −1.0; P < 0.001) and SI joints (mean SUVAUC −1.2; P = 0.03) in contrast to non-responders. Conclusions 18F-fluoride PET-CT identified bone formation, confirmed by histology, in the spine and SI joints of AS patients and demonstrated alterations in bone formation during anti-TNF treatment. PMID:29329443
Bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis during anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy imaged by 18F-fluoride positron emission tomography.

PubMed

Bruijnen, Stefan T G; Verweij, Nicki J F; van Duivenvoorde, Leonie M; Bravenboer, Nathalie; Baeten, Dominique L P; van Denderen, Christiaan J; van der Horst-Bruinsma, Irene E; Voskuyl, Alexandre E; Custers, Martijn; van de Ven, Peter M; Bot, Joost C J; Boden, Bouke J H; Lammertsma, Adriaan A; Hoekstra, Otto S H; Raijmakers, Pieter G H M; van der Laken, Conny J

2018-04-01

Excessive bone formation is an important hallmark of AS. Recently it has been demonstrated that axial bony lesions in AS patients can be visualized using 18F-fluoride PET-CT. The aim of this study was to assess whether 18F-fluoride uptake in clinically active AS patients is related to focal bone formation in spine biopsies and is sensitive to change during anti-TNF treatment. Twelve anti-TNF-naïve AS patients [female 7/12; age 39 years (SD 11); BASDAI 5.5 ± 1.1] were included. 18 F-fluoride PET-CT scans were performed at baseline and in two patients, biopsies were obtained from PET-positive and PET-negative spine lesions. The remaining 10 patients underwent a second 18F-fluoride PET-CT scan after 12 weeks of anti-TNF treatment. PET scans were scored visually by two blinded expert readers. In addition, 18F-fluoride uptake was quantified using the standardized uptake value corrected for individual integrated whole blood activity concentration (SUVAUC). Clinical response to anti-TNF was defined according to a ⩾ 20% improvement in Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria at 24 weeks. At baseline, all patients showed at least one axial PET-positive lesion. Histological analysis of PET-positive lesions in the spine confirmed local osteoid formation. PET-positive lesions were found in the costovertebral joints (43%), facet joints (23%), bridging syndesmophytes (20%) and non-bridging vertebral lesions (14%) and in SI joints (75%). After 12 weeks of anti-TNF treatment, 18F-fluoride uptake in clinical responders decreased significantly in the costovertebral (mean SUVAUC -1.0; P < 0.001) and SI joints (mean SUVAUC -1.2; P = 0.03) in contrast to non-responders. 18F-fluoride PET-CT identified bone formation, confirmed by histology, in the spine and SI joints of AS patients and demonstrated alterations in bone formation during anti-TNF treatment.
Ferrimagnetism in EuFe4Sb12 due to the interplay of f-electron moments and a nearly ferromagnetic host

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Krishnamurthy, Vemuru; Lang, J. C.; Haskel, D.

2007-03-01

We combine x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy at Fe L-2,L-3 edges, at Eu M-4,M-5 edges, x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) investigation of Eu valence, and local spin density calculations, to show that the filled skutterudite Eu0.95Fe4Sb12 is a ferrimagnet in which the Fe 3d moment and the Eu2+ 4f moment are magnetically ordered with dominant antiferromagnetic coupling. From Eu L-3 edge XAS, we find that about 13% of the Eu have a formal valence of 3+. We ascribe the origin of ferrimagnetism at a relatively high transition temperature T-C of 85 K in Eu0.95Fe4Sb12 to f-electron interaction with the nearly ferromagneticmore » [Fe4Sb12](2.2-) host lattice.« less
Electromagnetic moments of 22F

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Mihara, M.; Matsuta, K.; Komurasaki, J.; Hirano, H.; Nishimura, D.; Momota, S.; Ohtsubo, T.; Izumikawa, T.; Shimbara, Y.; Kubo, T.; Kameda, D.; Zhou, Dongmei; Zheng, Yongnan; Yuan, Daqing; Zhu, Shengyun; Kitagawa, A.; Kanazawa, M.; Torikoshi, M.; Sato, S.; Nagatomo, T.; Matsumiya, R.; Ishikawa, D.; Fukuda, M.; Minamisono, T.; Nojiri, Y.; Alonso, J. R.; Crebs, G. F.; Symons, T. J. M.

2010-03-01

The magnetic dipole (μ) and electric quadrupole (Q) moments of short-lived nucleus 22F (Iπ=4+, T=4.2s) have been measured for the first time by means of the β-NMR technique. A spin polarized 22F beam was produced through the charge exchange reaction of 22Ne and was implanted into single crysltals of NaF and MgF2 for μ and Q measurements, respectively. As a result, |μ(F22)|=(2.69443±0.00039)μ and |Q(F22)|=(3±2)mb was obtained. These values are well reproduced by the shell model calculations.
Benzimidazole-Based Antibacterial Agents Against F. tularensis

PubMed Central

Kumar, Kunal; Awasthi, Divya; Lee, Seung-Yub; Cummings, Jason E.; Knudson, Susan E.; Slayden, Richard A.; Ojima, Iwao

2013-01-01

Francisella tularensis is a highly virulent pathogenic bacterium. In order to identify novel potential antibacterial agents against F. tularensis, libraries of trisubstituted benzimidazoles were screened against F. tularensis LVS strain. In a preliminary screening assay, remarkably, 23 of 2,5,6- and 2,5,7-trisubstituted benzimidazoles showed excellent activity exhibiting greater than 90 % growth inhibition at 1 µg/mL. Among those hits, 21 compounds showed MIC90 values in the range of 0.35–48.6 µg/mL after accurate MIC determination. In ex-vivo efficacy assays, four of these compounds exhibited 2–3 Log reduction in colony forming units (CFU) per mL at concentrations of 10 and 50 µg/mL. PMID:23623254
Effects of atorvastatin and diet interventions on atherosclerotic plaque inflammation and [18F]FDG uptake in Ldlr-/-Apob100/100 mice.

PubMed

Hellberg, Sanna; Sippola, Suvi; Liljenbäck, Heidi; Virta, Jenni; Silvola, Johanna M U; Ståhle, Mia; Savisto, Nina; Metso, Jari; Jauhiainen, Matti; Saukko, Pekka; Ylä-Herttuala, Seppo; Nuutila, Pirjo; Knuuti, Juhani; Roivainen, Anne; Saraste, Antti

2017-08-01

Uptake of the positron emission tomography (PET) tracer 2-deoxy-2-[ 18 F]-fluoro-d- glucose ([ 18 F]FDG) into macrophages is a sensitive marker of inflammation in atherosclerosis. To assess the anti-inflammatory effects of statins, we studied whether atorvastatin therapy reduces aortic [ 18 F]FDG uptake in hypercholesterolemic mice deficient in low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr), and expressing only apolipoprotein B-100 (Ldlr -/- Apob 100/100 ). Thirty-six Ldlr -/- Apob 100/100 mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks and then allocated to receive a HFD (n = 13), chow diet (Chow, n = 12), or HFD with added atorvastatin (HFD + A, n = 11), for another 12 weeks. In addition to aortic histopathology, [ 18 F]FDG uptake was studied in vivo using PET/computed tomography (CT), and ex vivo by gamma counting of excised aorta. Total cholesterol levels were lower in the Chow and HFD + A groups than in the HFD group (10 ± 3.2, 23 ± 4.9 and 34 ± 9.2 mmol/l, respectively), with the Chow group also showing a lower plaque burden and lower numbers of macrophages in the lesions. Compared to the HFD group, [ 18 F]FDG uptake in the aorta (normalized for blood) was lower in the Chow group in both in vivo (2.1 ± 0.21 vs. 1.7 ± 0.25, p = 0.018) and ex vivo (5.2 ± 2.3 vs. 2.8 ± 0.87, p = 0.011) analyses, whereas atorvastatin had no effect on uptake (2.1 ± 0.42 in vivo and 3.9 ± 1.8 ex vivo). [ 18 F]FDG uptake correlated with plasma total cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin therapy did not show cholesterol-independent effects on inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions in Ldlr -/- Apob 100/100 mice, as determined by histology and [ 18 F]FDG PET, whereas a cholesterol-lowering diet intervention was effective. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
M2-F1 in flight

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1964-01-01

The M2-F1 Lifting Body is seen here under tow by an unseen C-47 at the NASA Flight Research Center (later redesignated the Dryden Flight Research Center), Edwards, California. The low-cost vehicle was the first piloted lifting body to be test flown. The lifting-body concept originated in the mid-1950s at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics' Ames Aeronautical Laboratory, Mountain View California. By February 1962, a series of possible shapes had been developed, and R. Dale Reed was working to gain support for a research vehicle. The wingless, lifting body aircraft design was initially concieved as a means of landing an aircraft horizontally after atmospheric reentry. The absence of wings would make the extreme heat of re-entry less damaging to the vehicle. In 1962, Dryden management approved a program to build a lightweight, unpowered lifting body as a prototype to flight test the wingless concept. It would look like a 'flying bathtub,' and was designated the M2-F1, the 'M' referring to 'manned' and 'F' referring to 'flight' version. It featured a plywood shell placed over a tubular steel frame crafted at Dryden. Construction was completed in 1963. The first flight tests of the M2-F1 were over Rogers Dry Lake at the end of a tow rope attached to a hopped-up Pontiac convertible driven at speeds up to about 120 mph. These initial tests produced enough flight data about the M2-F1 to proceed with flights behind a NASA C-47 tow plane at greater altitudes. The C-47 took the craft to an altitude of 12,000 where free flights back to Rogers Dry Lake began. Pilot for the first series of flights of the M2-F1 was NASA research pilot Milt Thompson. Typical glide flights with the M2-F1 lasted about two minutes and reached speeds of 110 to l20 mph. More than 400 ground tows and 77 aircraft tow flights were carried out with the M2-F1. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at
Automated production at the curie level of no-carrier-added 6-[(18)F]fluoro-L-dopa and 2-[(18)F]fluoro-L-tyrosine on a FASTlab synthesizer.

PubMed

Lemaire, C; Libert, L; Franci, X; Genon, J-L; Kuci, S; Giacomelli, F; Luxen, A

2015-06-15

An efficient, fully automated, enantioselective multi-step synthesis of no-carrier-added (nca) 6-[(18)F]fluoro-L-dopa ([(18)F]FDOPA) and 2-[(18)F]fluoro-L-tyrosine ([(18)F]FTYR) on a GE FASTlab synthesizer in conjunction with an additional high- performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification has been developed. A PTC (phase-transfer catalyst) strategy was used to synthesize these two important radiopharmaceuticals. According to recent chemistry improvements, automation of the whole process was implemented in a commercially available GE FASTlab module, with slight hardware modification using single use cassettes and stand-alone HPLC. [(18)F]FDOPA and [(18)F]FTYR were produced in 36.3 ± 3.0% (n = 8) and 50.5 ± 2.7% (n = 10) FASTlab radiochemical yield (decay corrected). The automated radiosynthesis on the FASTlab module requires about 52 min. Total synthesis time including HPLC purification and formulation was about 62 min. Enantiomeric excesses for these two aromatic amino acids were always >95%, and the specific activity of was >740 GBq/µmol. This automated synthesis provides high amount of [(18)F]FDOPA and [(18)F]FTYR (>37 GBq end of synthesis (EOS)). The process, fully adaptable for reliable production across multiple PET sites, could be readily implemented into a clinical good manufacturing process (GMP) environment. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Adaptive Range of 1/f Isometric Force Production

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sosnoff, Jacob J.; Valantine, Andrew D.; Newell, Karl M.

2009-01-01

The adaptive range of 1/f dynamics in isometric force output was investigated. Participants produced isometric force to targets with predictable demands (constant and sinusoidal) and 1/f noise waveforms (white, pink, brown, and black) that also varied in the frequency bandwidth represented in the force signal (0-4 Hz, 0-8 Hz, and 0-12 Hz). The…
17 CFR 200.80f - Appendix F-Records control schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Securities Investor Protection Corporation assessment payment or overpayments (Rule 17a-5). (Non-public) For...- Applications for exemption from section 13(f) 10 years. 28- Reports by institutional investment managers of... requirements, annual reports to shareholders, F-6 waiver, proxy 10 years. 89- Other waivers for foreign issuers...
17 CFR 200.80f - Appendix F-Records control schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Securities Investor Protection Corporation assessment payment or overpayments (Rule 17a-5). (Non-public) For...- Applications for exemption from section 13(f) 10 years. 28- Reports by institutional investment managers of... requirements, annual reports to shareholders, F-6 waiver, proxy 10 years. 89- Other waivers for foreign issuers...
17 CFR 200.80f - Appendix F-Records control schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Securities Investor Protection Corporation assessment payment or overpayments (Rule 17a-5). (Non-public) For...- Applications for exemption from section 13(f) 10 years. 28- Reports by institutional investment managers of... requirements, annual reports to shareholders, F-6 waiver, proxy 10 years. 89- Other waivers for foreign issuers...
Solid-state structure of a Li/F carbenoid: pentafluoroethyllithium.

PubMed

Waerder, Benedikt; Steinhauer, Simon; Neumann, Beate; Stammler, Hans-Georg; Mix, Andreas; Vishnevskiy, Yury V; Hoge, Berthold; Mitzel, Norbert W

2014-10-20

Lithium carbenoids are versatile compounds for synthesis owing to their intriguing ambiphilic behavior. Although this class of compounds has been known for several years, few solid-state structures exist because of their high reactivity and often low thermal stability. Using cryo X-ray techniques, we were now able to elucidate the first solid-state structure of a Li/F alkyl carbenoid, pentafluoroethyllithium (LiC2F5), finally yielding a prototype for investigating structure-reactivity relationships for this class of molecules. The compound forms a diethyl ether-solvated dimer bridged by a rare C-F-Li link. Complementary NMR spectroscopy studies in solution show dynamic processes and indicate rapid exchange of starting material and product. Theoretical investigations help to understand the formation of the observed unusual structural motif. © 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
Regulation of Aspergillus nidulans CreA-Mediated Catabolite Repression by the F-Box Proteins Fbx23 and Fbx47.

PubMed

de Assis, Leandro José; Ulas, Mevlut; Ries, Laure Nicolas Annick; El Ramli, Nadia Ali Mohamed; Sarikaya-Bayram, Ozlem; Braus, Gerhard H; Bayram, Ozgur; Goldman, Gustavo Henrique

2018-06-19

The attachment of one or more ubiquitin molecules by SCF ( S kp- C ullin- F -box) complexes to protein substrates targets them for subsequent degradation by the 26S proteasome, allowing the control of numerous cellular processes. Glucose-mediated signaling and subsequent carbon catabolite repression (CCR) are processes relying on the functional regulation of target proteins, ultimately controlling the utilization of this carbon source. In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans , CCR is mediated by the transcription factor CreA, which modulates the expression of genes encoding biotechnologically relevant enzymes. Although CreA-mediated repression of target genes has been extensively studied, less is known about the regulatory pathways governing CCR and this work aimed at further unravelling these events. The Fbx23 F-box protein was identified as being involved in CCR and the Δ fbx23 mutant presented impaired xylanase production under repressing (glucose) and derepressing (xylan) conditions. Mass spectrometry showed that Fbx23 is part of an SCF ubiquitin ligase complex that is bridged via the GskA protein kinase to the CreA-SsnF-RcoA repressor complex, resulting in the degradation of the latter under derepressing conditions. Upon the addition of glucose, CreA dissociates from the ubiquitin ligase complex and is transported into the nucleus. Furthermore, casein kinase is important for CreA function during glucose signaling, although the exact role of phosphorylation in CCR remains to be determined. In summary, this study unraveled novel mechanistic details underlying CreA-mediated CCR and provided a solid basis for studying additional factors involved in carbon source utilization which could prove useful for biotechnological applications. IMPORTANCE The production of biofuels from plant biomass has gained interest in recent years as an environmentally friendly alternative to production from petroleum-based energy sources. Filamentous fungi, which naturally
Determination of the Mn2+ -F- distance from the isotropic superhyperfine constant for [MnF6]4- in ionic lattices

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barriuso, M. T.; Moreno, M.

1984-03-01

This paper is devoted to establish a quantitative nonempirical relation between the experimental isotropic superhyperfine constant As and the metal-ligand distance R for [MnF6]4- placed in different ionic host lattices. By inspection of the theoretical molecular-orbital calculations performed on [MnF6]4-, it is proposed that λs, the 2s (F-) admixture coefficient in the antibonding e*g orbital, is just given by cSs where Ss is the corresponding group overlap integral while the value of the constant c, which is independent of R, should be close to 1.3. In a first step, we have determined R for Mn2+ in fluoroperovskite lattices from the experimental As values using a value c=1.269+/-0.017 derived from the NMR data for KMnF3 and RbMnF3. By means of this procedure, it is predicted that R=2.084+/-0.11 Å for KZnF3:Mn2+ and that R=2.124+/-0.012 Å for RbCdF3:Mn2+, which are in good agreement with recent extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure measurements on such systems. On the other hand, from the As values measured at room temperature and at 4.2 K, we have derived a thermal-expansion coefficient α=(17+/-5)×10-6 K-1 for [MnF6]4- in the KZnF3 lattice which is comparable to the value α=16.52×10-6 K-1 measured at 300 K for RbMnF3. The present method gives also reasonable results for slightly distorted [MnF6]4- clusters. In view of this, it is predicted that R=2.126+/-0.012 Å for the long Mn-F bond in K2MnF4. From this work, it is seen that if R0 (which corresponds to the metal-ligand distance of the host lattice) is less than 2.10 Å, an outward relaxation occurs, whereas the opposite happens if R0 is higher than 2.12 Å-a fact which is consistent with the mainly ionic bond between Mn2+ and F-. Along this line of reasoning it is shown that a significant inwards relaxation ΔRR0=22.1% (ΔR=R-R0) occurs for RbF:Mn2+. The foundations of the method, which is able to detect changes in R down to about 2×10-4 Å, are thoroughly examined in this work. In particular, the
Optical and scintillation properties of ce-doped (Gd2Y1)Ga2.7Al2.3O12 single crystal grown by Czochralski method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Wang, Chao; Wu, Yuntao; Ding, Dongzhou; Li, Huanying; Chen, Xiaofeng; Shi, Jian; Ren, Guohao

2016-06-01

Multicomponent garnets, due to their excellent light yield and energy resolution, become one of the most promising scintillators used for homeland security and nuclear non-proliferation applications. This work focuses on the optimization of Ce-doped (Gd,Y)3(Ga,Al)5O12 scintillators using a combination strategy of pre-screening and scale-up. Ce-doped GdxY1-xGayAl5-yO12 (x=1, 2 and y=2, 2.2, 2.5, 2.7, 3) polycrystalline powders were prepared by high-temperature solid state reaction method. The desired garnet phase in all the samples was confirmed using X-ray diffraction measurement. By comparing the radioluminescence intensity, the highest scintillation efficiency was achieved at a component of Gd2Y1Ga2.7Al2.3O12:Ce powders. A (Gd2Y1)Ga2.7Al2.3O12 doped with 1% Ce single crystal with dimensions of Ø35×40 mm was grown by Czochralski method using a <111> oriented seed. Luminescence and scintillation properties were measured. An optical transmittance of 84% was achieved in the concerned wavelength from 500 to 800 nm. Its 5d-4f emission of Ce3+ is at 530 nm. The light yield of a Ce1%: Gd2Y1Ga2.7Al2.3O12 single crystal slab at a size of 5×5×1 mm3 can reach about 65,000±3000 Ph/MeV along with two decay components of 94 and 615 ns under 137Cs source irradiation.
Resting-State Seed-Based Analysis: An Alternative to Task-Based Language fMRI and Its Laterality Index.

PubMed

Smitha, K A; Arun, K M; Rajesh, P G; Thomas, B; Kesavadas, C

2017-06-01

Language is a cardinal function that makes human unique. Preservation of language function poses a great challenge for surgeons during resection. The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of resting-state fMRI in the lateralization of language function in healthy subjects to permit its further testing in patients who are unable to perform task-based fMRI. Eighteen healthy right-handed volunteers were prospectively evaluated with resting-state fMRI and task-based fMRI to assess language networks. The laterality indices of Broca and Wernicke areas were calculated by using task-based fMRI via a voxel-value approach. We adopted seed-based resting-state fMRI connectivity analysis together with parameters such as amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF). Resting-state fMRI connectivity maps for language networks were obtained from Broca and Wernicke areas in both hemispheres. We performed correlation analysis between the laterality index and the z scores of functional connectivity, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation, and fALFF. Pearson correlation analysis between signals obtained from the z score of fALFF and the laterality index yielded a correlation coefficient of 0.849 ( P < .05). Regression analysis of the fALFF with the laterality index yielded an R 2 value of 0.721, indicating that 72.1% of the variance in the laterality index of task-based fMRI could be predicted from the fALFF of resting-state fMRI. The present study demonstrates that fALFF can be used as an alternative to task-based fMRI for assessing language laterality. There was a strong positive correlation between the fALFF of the Broca area of resting-state fMRI with the laterality index of task-based fMRI. Furthermore, we demonstrated the efficacy of fALFF for predicting the laterality of task-based fMRI. © 2017 by American Journal of Neuroradiology.
Immunogenicity and safety of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine as a booster dose in 12- to 18-month-old children primed with 3 doses of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

PubMed Central

Thisyakorn, Usa; Chokephaibulkit, Kulkanya; Kosalaraksa, Pope; Benjaponpitak, Suwat; Pancharoen, Chitsanu; Chuenkitmongkol, Sunate

2014-01-01

The current study examined the safety and immunogenicity of 23-valent pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide vaccine (Pneumo23® [PPV23], Sanofi Pasteur) as a booster dose in 12- to 18-month-old children primed with heptavalent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV7; Prevnar®, Pfizer). This was a randomized, observer-blinded, 2-arm, controlled, multicenter phase III study performed in Thailand to assess and describe the immunogenicity and safety of PPV23 as a booster dose in children who had received the 3 primary doses of PCV7, the pneumococcal vaccine available during the study period. Children primed with 3 doses of PCV7 were randomized 1:1 to receive a booster immunization with PPV23 or PCV7. Pneumococcal antibody concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and functional antibody levels by multiplex opsonophagocytosis assay on day 30. A total of 339 children were enrolled. Geometric mean serum antibody concentrations against serotypes common to PCV7 and PPV23 (4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F) increased in both groups but they were higher for serotypes 4, 9V, 18C, and 19F in the PPV23 group. Opsonization indices increased in both groups for all measured serotypes (1, 6B, 14, 19A, and 23F) and were higher for serotypes 6B, 14, and 23F in the PCV7 group and for serotypes 1 and 19A in PPV23 group. Solicited reactions and unsolicited adverse events were similar in the 2 groups and generally mild and transient. No treatment-related serious adverse events were reported. These results confirm that boosting with PPV23 is immunogenic and well tolerated in healthy toddlers primed with PCV7. PMID:25424793
A novel fiber Bragg grating wavelength demodulation system based on F-P etalon

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Yang, Gang; Guo, Jinghong; Xu, Guoliang; Lv, Lidong; Tu, Guojie; Xia, Lan

2014-10-01

This paper designs and implies a high precision FBG demodulation system which based on F-P etalon. In order to reduce the influence of the temperature drift effect, the peristaltic effect, and the nonlinear effect of F-P filter in traditional tunable filter method, F-P etalon is added as dynamical calibration and wavelength reference. Meanwhile segmentation demodulation which uses ASE spectral characteristics is applied to achieve high accuracy of the center wavelength of FBG. The experiment shows that the stability, resolution are 0.65pm, 0.23pm, respectively. Key words: fiber optics; fiber Bragg grating sensor system; tunable Fabry-Perot filter; F-P etalon; spectrum segmentation demodulation

Multiparametric [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose/ [18F]Fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer for the Non-Invasive Detection of Tumor Heterogeneity: A Pilot Study

PubMed Central

Andrzejewski, Piotr; Baltzer, Pascal; Polanec, Stephan H.; Sturdza, Alina; Georg, Dietmar; Helbich, Thomas H.; Karanikas, Georgios; Grimm, Christoph; Polterauer, Stephan; Poetter, Richard; Wadsak, Wolfgang; Mitterhauser, Markus; Georg, Petra

2016-01-01

Objectives To investigate fused multiparametric positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (MP PET/MRI) at 3T in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, using high-resolution T2-weighted, contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and the radiotracers [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) and [18F]fluoromisonidazol ([18F]FMISO) for the non-invasive detection of tumor heterogeneity for an improved planning of chemo-radiation therapy (CRT). Materials and Methods Sixteen patients with locally advanced cervix were enrolled in this IRB approved and were examined with fused MP [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO PET/MRI and in eleven patients complete data sets were acquired. MP PET/MRI was assessed for tumor volume, enhancement (EH)-kinetics, diffusivity, and [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO-avidity. Descriptive statistics and voxel-by-voxel analysis of MRI and PET parameters were performed. Correlations were assessed using multiple correlation analysis. Results All tumors displayed imaging parameters concordant with cervix cancer, i.e. type II/III EH-kinetics, restricted diffusivity (median ADC 0.80x10-3mm2/sec), [18F]FDG- (median SUVmax16.2) and [18F]FMISO-avidity (median SUVmax3.1). In all patients, [18F]FMISO PET identified the hypoxic tumor subvolume, which was independent of tumor volume. A voxel-by-voxel analysis revealed only weak correlations between the MRI and PET parameters (0.05–0.22), indicating that each individual parameter yields independent information and the presence of tumor heterogeneity. Conclusion MP [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO PET/MRI in patients with cervical cancer facilitates the acquisition of independent predictive and prognostic imaging parameters. MP [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO PET/MRI enables insights into tumor biology on multiple levels and provides information on tumor heterogeneity, which has the potential to improve the planning of CRT. PMID:27167829
Multiparametric [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose/ [18F]Fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer for the Non-Invasive Detection of Tumor Heterogeneity: A Pilot Study.

PubMed

Pinker, Katja; Andrzejewski, Piotr; Baltzer, Pascal; Polanec, Stephan H; Sturdza, Alina; Georg, Dietmar; Helbich, Thomas H; Karanikas, Georgios; Grimm, Christoph; Polterauer, Stephan; Poetter, Richard; Wadsak, Wolfgang; Mitterhauser, Markus; Georg, Petra

2016-01-01

To investigate fused multiparametric positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (MP PET/MRI) at 3T in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, using high-resolution T2-weighted, contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and the radiotracers [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) and [18F]fluoromisonidazol ([18F]FMISO) for the non-invasive detection of tumor heterogeneity for an improved planning of chemo-radiation therapy (CRT). Sixteen patients with locally advanced cervix were enrolled in this IRB approved and were examined with fused MP [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO PET/MRI and in eleven patients complete data sets were acquired. MP PET/MRI was assessed for tumor volume, enhancement (EH)-kinetics, diffusivity, and [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO-avidity. Descriptive statistics and voxel-by-voxel analysis of MRI and PET parameters were performed. Correlations were assessed using multiple correlation analysis. All tumors displayed imaging parameters concordant with cervix cancer, i.e. type II/III EH-kinetics, restricted diffusivity (median ADC 0.80x10-3mm2/sec), [18F]FDG- (median SUVmax16.2) and [18F]FMISO-avidity (median SUVmax3.1). In all patients, [18F]FMISO PET identified the hypoxic tumor subvolume, which was independent of tumor volume. A voxel-by-voxel analysis revealed only weak correlations between the MRI and PET parameters (0.05-0.22), indicating that each individual parameter yields independent information and the presence of tumor heterogeneity. MP [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO PET/MRI in patients with cervical cancer facilitates the acquisition of independent predictive and prognostic imaging parameters. MP [18F]FDG/ [18F]FMISO PET/MRI enables insights into tumor biology on multiple levels and provides information on tumor heterogeneity, which has the potential to improve the planning of CRT.
18F-FDG or 3'-deoxy-3'-18F-fluorothymidine to detect transformation of follicular lymphoma.

PubMed

Wondergem, Marielle J; Rizvi, Saiyada N F; Jauw, Yvonne; Hoekstra, Otto S; Hoetjes, Nikie; van de Ven, Peter M; Boellaard, Ronald; Chamuleau, Martine E D; Cillessen, Saskia A G M; Regelink, Josien C; Zweegman, Sonja; Zijlstra, Josée M

2015-02-01

Considering the different treatment strategy for transformed follicular lymphoma (TF) as opposed to follicular lymphoma (FL), diagnosing transformation early in the disease course is important. There is evidence that (18)F-FDG has utility as a biomarker of transformation. However, quantitative thresholds may require inclusion of homogeneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes to account for differences in tracer uptake per subtype. Moreover, because proliferation is a hallmark of transformation, 3'-deoxy-3'-(18)F-fluorothymidine ((18)F-FLT) might be superior to (18)F-FDG in this setting. To define the best tracer for detection of TF, we performed a prospective a head-to-head comparison of (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FLT in patients with FL and TF. (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FLT PET scans were obtained in 17 patients with FL and 9 patients with TF. We measured the highest maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), defined as the lymph node with the highest uptake per patient, and SUVrange, defined as the difference between the SUVmax of the lymph node with the highest and lowest uptake per patient. To reduce partial-volume effects, only lymph nodes larger than 3 cm(3) (A50 isocontour) were analyzed. Scans were acquired 1 h after injection of 185 MBq of (18)F-FDG or (18)F-FLT. To determine the discriminative ability of SUVmax and SUVrange of both tracers for TF, receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis was performed. The highest SUVmax was significantly higher for TF than FL for both (18)F-FDG and (18)F-FLT (P < 0.001). SUVrange was significantly higher for TF than FL for (18)F-FDG (P = 0.029) but not for (18)F-FLT (P = 0.075). The ability of (18)F-FDG to discriminate between FL and TF was superior to that of (18)F-FLT for both the highest SUVmax (P = 0.039) and the SUVrange (P = 0.012). The cutoff value for the highest SUVmax of (18)F-FDG aiming at 100% sensitivity with a maximum specificity was found to be 14.5 (corresponding specificity, 82%). For (18)F-FLT, these values were
17 CFR 200.80f - Appendix F-Records control schedule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... ORGANIZATION; CONDUCT AND ETHICS; AND INFORMATION AND REQUESTS Information and Requests § 200.80f Appendix F... in purchasing new issues of securities from underwriters 6 years. 821- Reports by registered small... state or federal laws in the purchase and sale of securities Until date of last reported action plus 10...
Luminescence and scintillation properties of BaF2sbnd Ce transparent ceramic

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Luo, Junming; Sahi, Sunil; Groza, Michael; Wang, Zhiqiang; Ma, Lun; Chen, Wei; Burger, Arnold; Kenarangui, Rasool; Sham, Tsun-Kong; Selim, Farida A.

2016-08-01

Cerium doped Barium Fluoride (BaF2sbnd Ce) transparent ceramic was fabricated and its luminescence and scintillation properties were studied. The photoluminescence shows the emission peaks at 310 nm and 323 nm and is related to the 5d-4f transitions in Ce3+ ion. Photo peak at 511 keV and 1274 keV were obtained with BaF2sbnd Ce transparent ceramic for Na-22 radioisotopes. Energy resolution of 13.5% at 662 keV is calculated for the BaF2sbnd Ce transparent ceramic. Light yield of 5100 photons/MeV was recorded for BaF2sbnd Ce(0.2%) ceramic and is comparable to its single crystal counterpart. Scintillation decay time measurements shows fast component of 58 ns and a relatively slow component of 434 ns under 662 keV gamma excitation. The slower component in BaF2sbnd Ce(0.2%) ceramic is about 200 ns faster than the STE emission in BaF2 host and is associated with the dipole-dipole energy transfer from the host matrix to Ce3+ luminescence center.
Ionosonde observations of daytime spread F at low latitudes

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Jiang, Chunhua; Yang, Guobin; Liu, Jing; Yokoyama, Tatsuhiro; Komolmis, Tharadol; Song, Huan; Lan, Ting; Zhou, Chen; Zhang, Yuannong; Zhao, Zhengyu

2016-12-01

Spread F on ionograms has been considered to be a phenomenon mainly occurred at nighttime. This study presented a case study of daytime spread F observed by the ionosonde installed at Puer (PUR; 22.7°N, 101.05°E; dip latitude 12.9°N), where daytime spread F that lasted for more than 2 h (about 08:30 LT 10:45 LT) was observed on 14 November 2015. To investigate the possible mechanism, ionograms recorded at PUR and Chiang Mai (18.76°N, 98.93°E; dip latitude 9.04°N) were used in this study. We found that traveling ionospheric disturbances were observed before the occurrence of daytime spread F. Meanwhile, the movement of the peak height of the ionosphere was downward. We suggested that downward vertical neutral winds excited by traveling atmospheric disturbances/atmospheric gravity waves might play a significant role in forming daytime spread F over PUR during geomagnetic storms.
Faint F Ring and Prometheus

NASA Image and Video Library

2016-11-21

Surface features are visible on Saturn's moon Prometheus in this view from NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Most of Cassini's images of Prometheus are too distant to resolve individual craters, making views like this a rare treat. Saturn's narrow F ring, which makes a diagonal line beginning at top center, appears bright and bold in some Cassini views, but not here. Since the sun is nearly behind Cassini in this image, most of the light hitting the F ring is being scattered away from the camera, making it appear dim. Light-scattering behavior like this is typical of rings comprised of small particles, such as the F ring. This view looks toward the unilluminated side of the rings from about 14 degrees below the ring plane. The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Sept. 24, 2016. The view was acquired at a distance of approximately 226,000 miles (364,000 kilometers) from Prometheus and at a sun-Prometheus-spacecraft, or phase, angle of 51 degrees. Image scale is 1.2 miles (2 kilometers) per pixel. http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA20508
Relationship between vertical ExB drift and F2-layer characteristics in the equatorial ionosphere at solar minimum conditions

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Oyekola, Oyedemi S.

2012-07-01

Equatorial and low-latitude electrodynamics plays a dominant role in determining the structure and dynamics of the equatorial and low-latitude ionospheric F-region. Thus, they constitute essential input parameters for quantitative global and regional modeling studies. In this work, hourly median value of ionosonde measurements namely, peak height F2-layer (hmF2), F2-layer critical frequency (foF2) and propagation factor M(3000)F2 made at near equatorial dip latitude, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (12oN, 1.5oW; dip: 1.5oN) and relevant F2-layer parameters such as thickness parameter (Bo), electron temperature (Te), ion temperature (Ti), total electron content (TEC) and electron density (Ne, at the fixed altitude of 300 km) provided by the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model for the longitude of Ouagadougou are contrasted with the IRI vertical drift model to explore in detail the monthly climatological behavior of equatorial ionosphere and the effects of equatorial vertical plasma drift velocities on the diurnal structure of F2-layer parameters. The analysis period covers four months representative of solstitial and equinoctial seasonal periods during solar minimum year of 1987 for geomagnetically quiet-day. We show that month-by-month morphological patterns between vertical E×B drifts and F2-layer parameters range from worst to reasonably good and are largely seasonally dependent. A cross-correlation analysis conducted between equatorial drift and F2-layer characteristics yield statistically significant correlations for equatorial vertical drift and IRI-Bo, IRI-Te and IRI-TEC, whereas little or no acceptable correlation is obtained with observational evidence. Assessment of the association between measured foF2, hmF2 and M(3000)F2 illustrates consistent much more smaller correlation coefficients with no systematic linkage. In general, our research indicates strong departure from simple electrodynamically controlled behavior.
Clumps in the F Ring

NASA Image and Video Library

2004-03-12

Scientists have only a rough idea of the lifetime of clumps in Saturn's rings - a mystery that Cassini may help answer. The latest images taken by the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft show clumps seemingly embedded within Saturn's narrow, outermost F ring. The narrow angle camera took the images on Feb. 23, 2004, from a distance of 62.9 million kilometers (39 million miles). The two images taken nearly two hours apart show these clumps as they revolve about the planet. The small dot at center right in the second image is one of Saturn's small moons, Janus, which is 181 kilometers, (112 miles) across. Like all particles in Saturn's ring system, these clump features orbit the planet in the same direction in which the planet rotates. This direction is clockwise as seen from Cassini's southern vantage point below the ring plane. Two clumps in particular, one of them extended, is visible in the upper part of the F ring in the image on the left, and in the lower part of the ring in the image on the right. Other knot-like irregularities in the ring's brightness are visible in the image on the right. The core of the F ring is about 50 kilometers (31miles) wide, and from Cassini's current distance, is not fully visible. The imaging team enhanced the contrast of the images and magnified them to aid visibility of the F ring and the clump features. The camera took the images with the green filter, which is centered at 568 nanometers. The image scale is 377 kilometers (234 miles) per pixel. NASA's two Voyager spacecraft that flew past Saturn in 1980 and 1981 were the first to see these clumps. The Voyager data suggest that the clumps change very little and can be tracked as they orbit for 30 days or more. No clump survived from the time of the first Voyager flyby to the Voyager 2 flyby nine months later. Scientists are not certain of the cause of these features. Among the theories proposed are meteoroid bombardments and inter-particle collisions in the F ring. http
Pu 236 ( n , f ) , Pu 237 ( n , f ) , and Pu 238 ( n , f ) cross sections deduced from ( p , t ) , ( p , d ) , and ( p , p ' ) surrogate reactions

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hughes, R. O.; Beausang, C. W.; Ross, T. J.

2014-07-01

The Pu 236(n,f), Pu 237(n,f) and Pu 238(n,f) cross sections have been inferred by utilizing the surrogate ratio method. Targets of Pu 239 and U 235 were bombarded with 28.5-MeV protons, and the light ion recoils, as well as fission fragments, were detected using the STARS detector array at the K150 Cyclotron at the Texas A&M cyclotron facility. The (p, tf) reaction on Pu 239 and U 235 targets was used to deduce the σ (Pu 236(n,f))/σ(U 232(n,f)) ratio, and the Pu 236(n,f) cross section was subsequently determined for En=0.5–7.5 MeV. Similarly, the (p,df) reaction on the same two targetsmore » was used to deduce the σ(Pu 237(n,f))/σ(U 233(n,f)) ratio, and the Pu 237(n,f) cross section was extracted in the energy range En=0.5–7 MeV. The Pu 238(n,f) cross section was also deduced by utilizing the (p,p') reaction channel on the same targets. There is good agreement with the recent ENDF/B-VII.1 evaluated cross section data for Pu 238(n,f) in the range En=0.5–10.5 MeV and for Pu 237(n,f) in the range En=0.5–7 MeV; however, the Pu 236(n,f) cross section deduced in the present work is higher than the evaluation between 2 and 7 MeV.« less
On the feasibility of concurrent human TMS-EEG-fMRI measurements

PubMed Central

Reithler, Joel; Schuhmann, Teresa; de Graaf, Tom; Uludağ, Kâmil; Goebel, Rainer; Sack, Alexander T.

2013-01-01

Simultaneously combining the complementary assets of EEG, functional MRI (fMRI), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) within one experimental session provides synergetic results, offering insights into brain function that go beyond the scope of each method when used in isolation. The steady increase of concurrent EEG-fMRI, TMS-EEG, and TMS-fMRI studies further underlines the added value of such multimodal imaging approaches. Whereas concurrent EEG-fMRI enables monitoring of brain-wide network dynamics with high temporal and spatial resolution, the combination with TMS provides insights in causal interactions within these networks. Thus the simultaneous use of all three methods would allow studying fast, spatially accurate, and distributed causal interactions in the perturbed system and its functional relevance for intact behavior. Concurrent EEG-fMRI, TMS-EEG, and TMS-fMRI experiments are already technically challenging, and the three-way combination of TMS-EEG-fMRI might yield additional difficulties in terms of hardware strain or signal quality. The present study explored the feasibility of concurrent TMS-EEG-fMRI studies by performing safety and quality assurance tests based on phantom and human data combining existing commercially available hardware. Results revealed that combined TMS-EEG-fMRI measurements were technically feasible, safe in terms of induced temperature changes, allowed functional MRI acquisition with comparable image quality as during concurrent EEG-fMRI or TMS-fMRI, and provided artifact-free EEG before and from 300 ms after TMS pulse application. Based on these empirical findings, we discuss the conceptual benefits of this novel complementary approach to investigate the working human brain and list a number of precautions and caveats to be heeded when setting up such multimodal imaging facilities with current hardware. PMID:23221407
A high-affinity [ 18F]-labeled phosphoramidate peptidomimetic PSMA-targeted inhibitor for PET imaging of prostate cancer

DOE PAGES

Ganguly, Tanushree; Dannoon, Shorouk; Hopkins, Mark R.; ...

2015-06-09

Here in this study, a structurally modified phosphoramidate scaffold, with improved prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) avidity, stability and in vivo characteristics, as a PET imaging agent for prostate cancer (PCa), was prepared and evaluated. p-Fluorobenzoyl-aminohexanoate and 2-(3-hydroxypropyl)glycine were introduced into the PSMA-targeting scaffold yielding phosphoramidate 5. X-ray crystallography was performed on the PSMA/5 complex. [ 18F]5 was synthesized, and cell uptake and internalization studies were conducted in PSMA(+) LNCaP and CWR22Rv1 cells and PSMA(-) PC-3 cells. In vivo PET imaging and biodistribution studies were performed at 1 and 4 h post injection in mice bearing CWR22Rv1 tumor, with or withoutmore » blocking agent. The crystallographic data showed interaction of the p-fluorobenzoyl group with an arene-binding cleft on the PSMA surface. In vitro studies revealed elevated uptake of [ 18F]5 in PSMA(+) cells (2.2% in CWR22Rv1 and 12.1% in LNCaP) compared to PSMA(-) cells (0.08%) at 4 h. In vivo tumor uptake of 2.33% ID/g and tumor-to-blood ratio of 265:1 was observed at 4 h. In conclusion, we have successfully synthesized, radiolabeled and evaluated a new PSMA-targeted PET agent. The crystal structure of the PSMA/5 complex highlighted the interactions within the arene-binding cleft contributing to the overall complex stability. The high target uptake and rapid non-target clearance exhibited by [ 18F]5 in PSMA(+) xenografts substantiates its potential use for PET imaging of PCa.« less
Substituting mouse transcription factor Pou4f2 with a sea urchin orthologue restores retinal ganglion cell development.

PubMed

Mao, Chai-An; Agca, Cavit; Mocko-Strand, Julie A; Wang, Jing; Ullrich-Lüter, Esther; Pan, Ping; Wang, Steven W; Arnone, Maria Ina; Frishman, Laura J; Klein, William H

2016-03-16

Pou domain transcription factor Pou4f2 is essential for the development of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the vertebrate retina. A distant orthologue of Pou4f2 exists in the genome of the sea urchin (class Echinoidea) Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (SpPou4f1/2), yet the photosensory structure of sea urchins is strikingly different from that of the mammalian retina. Sea urchins have no obvious eyes, but have photoreceptors clustered around their tube feet disc. The mechanisms that are associated with the development and function of photoreception in sea urchins are largely unexplored. As an initial approach to better understand the sea urchin photosensory structure and relate it to the mammalian retina, we asked whether SpPou4f1/2 could support RGC development in the absence of Pou4f2. To answer this question, we replaced genomic Pou4f2 with an SpPou4f1/2 cDNA. In Pou4f2-null mice, retinas expressing SpPou4f1/2 were outwardly identical to those of wild-type mice. SpPou4f1/2 retinas exhibited dark-adapted electroretinogram scotopic threshold responses, indicating functionally active RGCs. During retinal development, SpPou4f1/2 activated RGC-specific genes and in S. purpuratus, SpPou4f2 was expressed in photoreceptor cells of tube feet in a pattern distinct from Opsin4 and Pax6. Our results suggest that SpPou4f1/2 and Pou4f2 share conserved components of a gene network for photosensory development and they maintain their conserved intrinsic functions despite vast morphological differences in mouse and sea urchin photosensory structures. © 2016 The Authors.
What Is Happening at Spectral Type F5 in Hyades F Stars?

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boehm-Vitense, Erika; Robinson, Richard; Carpenter, Kenneth; Mena-Werth, Jose

2002-01-01

Aiming at a better understanding of the mechanisms heating the chromospheres, transition regions, and coronae of cool stars, we study ultraviolet, low-resolution Hubble Space Telescope/Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectra of Hyades main-sequence F stars. We study the B-V dependence(s) of the chromospheric and transition layer emission line fluxes and their dependences on rotational velocities. We find that the transition layer emission line fluxes and also those of strong chromospheric lines decrease steeply between B-V = 0.42 and 0.45, i.e., at spectral type F5, for which the rotational velocities also decrease steeply. The magnitude of the line-flux decrease increases for lines of ions with increasing degree of ionization. This shows that the line-flux decrease is not due to a change in the surface filling factor but rather due to a change of the relative importance of different heating mechanisms. For early F stars with B-V < 0.42 we find for the transition layer emission lines increasing fluxes for increasing v sin i, indicating magnetohydrodynamic heating. The v sin i dependence is strongest for the high-ionization lines. On the other hand, the low chromospheric lines show no dependence on v sin i, indicating acoustic shock heating for these layers. This also contributes to the heating of the transition layers. The Mg II and Ca II lines show decreasing fluxes for increasing v sin i, as long as v sin i is less than approx. 40 km/s. The coronal X-ray emission also decreases for increasing v sin i, except for v sin i larger than approx. 100 km/s. We have at present no explanation for this behavior. For late F stars the chromospheric lines show v sin i dependences similar to those observed for early F stars, again indicating acoustic heating for these layers. We were unable to determine the v sin i dependence of the transition layer lines because of too few single star targets. The decrease of emission line fluxes at the spectral type F5, with steeply
Haenamindole, an unusual diketopiperazine derivative from a marine-derived Penicillium sp. KCB12F005.

PubMed

Kim, Jong Won; Ko, Sung-Kyun; Son, Sangkeun; Shin, Kee-Sun; Ryoo, In-Ja; Hong, Young-Soo; Oh, Hyuncheol; Hwang, Bang Yeon; Hirota, Hiroshi; Takahashi, Shunji; Kim, Bo Yeon; Osada, Hiroyuki; Jang, Jae-Hyuk; Ahn, Jong Seog

2015-11-15

During the chemical investigation of marine-derived fungus, an unusual diketopiperazine (DKP) alkaloid, haenamindole (1), was isolated from a culture of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium sp. KCB12F005. The structure of 1, which possesses benzyl-hydroxypiperazindione and phenyl-pyrimidoindole rings system in the molecule, was elucidated by analysis of NMR and MS data. The stereochemistry of 1 was determined by ROESY and advanced Marfey's method. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Relationship Between Clinicopathological Characteristics and PET/CT Uptake in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: [18F]Alfatide versus [18F]FDG.

PubMed

Dong, Yinjun; Wei, Yuchun; Chen, Guanxuan; Huang, Yong; Song, Pingping; Liu, Shuguang; Zheng, Jinsong; Cheng, Monica; Yuan, Shuanghu

2018-06-04

.52, P = 0.016; r = 0.503, P = 0.01), LN status (r = 0.73, P < 0.001; r = 0.649, P < 0.001), and differentiation (r = 0.509, P < 0.019; r = 0.459, P = 0.021) were observed. No significant differences were found between the relationships of SUV P with SUV LN , length, age, gender, pathological stage, T stage, status of LN, or differentiation, or of SUV LN with length, age, gender, or T stage both on [ 18 F]Alfatide PET/CT and [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT (all P > 0.05). The quantitated expression levels of αvβ3 in primary tumors and metastatic LNs were 1.67 ± 1.12 and 3.42 ± 2.93, respectively (P = 0.031). Our results suggest that SUV LN is influenced by pathological stage, LN status, and differentiation. SUV LN may therefore serve as a new parameter for risk stratification of with ESCC patients. Moreover, [ 18 F]Alfatide PET can provide complementary molecular information about ESCC metastasis.
Radiation accumulation of F{sub 2} color centers in LiF crystal

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Lisitsyna, L. A.

2016-01-15

The paper presents the results of the research of the F{sub 2} centers accumulation dose dependences in the LiF crystals, the kinetics of absorption relaxation initiated by exposure to a single electron pulse in the band maxima of different electron centers obtained by time-resolved spectrometry with nanosecond resolution. An analytical description of the F{sub 2} center accumulation in an absorbed dose range ≤10{sup 3} Gy is provided.
F-14 VSTFE

NASA Image and Video Library

1986-04-11

NASA 834, an F-14 Navy Tomcat, seen here in flight, was used at Dryden in 1986 and 1987 in a program known as the Variable-Sweep Transition Flight Experiment (VSTFE). This program explored laminar flow on variable sweep aircraft at high subsonic speeds. An F-14 aircraft was chosen as the carrier vehicle for the VSTFE program primarily because of its variable-sweep capability, Mach and Reynolds number capability, availability, and favorable wing pressure distribution. The variable sweep outer-panels of the F-14 aircraft were modified with natural laminar flow gloves to provide not only smooth surfaces but also airfoils that can produce a wide range of pressure distributions for which transition location can be determined at various flight conditions and sweep angles. Glove I, seen here installed on the upper surface of the left wing, was a "cleanup" or smoothing of the basic F-14 wing, while Glove II was designed to provide specific pressure distributions at Mach 0.7. Laminar flow research continued at Dryden with a research program on the NASA 848 F-16XL, a laminar flow experiment involving a wing-mounted panel with millions of tiny laser cut holes drawing off turbulent boundary layer air with a suction pump.
TU-F-12A-06: BEST IN PHYSICS (IMAGING) - A Novel Catheter-Based Radionuclide Imaging System to Characterize Atherosclerotic Plaque

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Zaman, R; Kosuge, H; Carpenter, C

2014-06-15

Purpose: Atherosclerosis underlies coronary artery diseases, the leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide. In this study, we developed a novel catheter-based radionuclide imaging (CRI) system to image 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), a radionuclide, a marker of vascular inflammation, in murine carotid arteries and characterized the system for spatial resolution from multiple scintillating materials. Methods: The catheter system includes 35 mm and 8 mm fixed focal length lenses, which are subsequently connected to a CMOS camera and fiber holder. The distal ferrule of an image bundle is terminated with a wide-angle lens. The novelty of this system is amore » scintillating balloon with a crystal tip in the front of the wide angle lens to image light from the decay of 18F-FDG emission signal. The scintillating balloon is fabricated from 1mL of silicone RTV catalyst mixed with 1 mL base and 50 mg/mL calcium fluoride doped with Europium (CaF2:Eu). To identify the optimal scintillating materials with respect to resolution, we calculated modulation transfer function (MTF) of Yttrium Aluminum Garnet doped with Cerium (YAG:Ce), anthracene, and CaF2:Eu phosphors using a thin line optical phantom (Fig. 1a-1b). Macrophage-rich FVB murine atherosclerotic carotid plaque model (n = 4) was used in ex vivo experiments. Confirmatory imaging was also performed by an external optical imaging system (IVIS-200). Results: Analysis of the different phosphors (Fig 1b) showed that CaF2:Eu enabled the best resolution of 1.2μm. The CRI system visualized 18F-FDG in atherosclerotic plaques (Fig. 1d). The ligated left carotid (LR) artery exhibited 4× higher 18F-FDG signal intensity compared to the non-ligated right carotid (negative control) artery (1.65×10{sup 2} ±4.07×10{sup 1} vs. 4.44×10{sup 1}±2.17×10{sup 0}, A.U., p = 0.005) and confirmed with IVIS-200 (Fig. 1d). Conclusion: This CRI system enables high-resolution and sensitive detection of 18F-FDG uptake by
The Scalar Resonances a0/f0(980) at COSY

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Buescher, M.

2006-02-11

Fundamental properties of the scalar resonances a0/f0(980), like their masses, widths and couplings to KK-bar, are poorly known. In particular, precise knowledge of the latter quantity would be of great importance since it can be related to the KK-bar content of these resonances.An experimental program is under way at COSY-Juelich aiming at the extraction of the isospin violating a0/f0 mixing amplitude {lambda} which is in leading order proportional to the product of the coupling constants of the a0 and f0 to kaons. a0/f0 production is studied in pp, pn and dd interactions, both for the KK-bar and the {pi}{eta}/{pi}{pi} decays,more » using the ANKE and WASA spectrometers. The latter will be available for measurements at COSY in 2007.As a first step, isovector KK-bar production has been measured in the reaction pp {yields} dK+K-bar0. The data reveal dominance of the a{sub 0}{sup +} channel, thus demonstrating the feasibility of scalar meson studies at COSY. Analyses of KK-bar- and K-bard-FSI effects yield the corresponding scattering lengths, a(KK-bar)I=1 = -(0.02 {+-} 0.03) - i(0.61 {+-} 0.05) fm and vertical bar Re a(K-bard) vertical bar {<=}1.3 fm, Im a(K-bard){<=}1.3 fm.« less

F-18 labelled PSMA-1007: biodistribution, radiation dosimetry and histopathological validation of tumor lesions in prostate cancer patients.

PubMed

Giesel, Frederik L; Hadaschik, B; Cardinale, J; Radtke, J; Vinsensia, M; Lehnert, W; Kesch, C; Tolstov, Y; Singer, S; Grabe, N; Duensing, S; Schäfer, M; Neels, O C; Mier, W; Haberkorn, U; Kopka, K; Kratochwil, C

2017-04-01

The prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeted positron-emitting-tomography (PET) tracer 68 Ga-PSMA-11 shows great promise in the detection of prostate cancer. However, 68 Ga has several shortcomings as a radiolabel including short half-life and non-ideal energies, and this has motivated consideration of 18 F-labelled analogs. 18 F-PSMA-1007 was selected among several 18 F-PSMA-ligand candidate compounds because it demonstrated high labelling yields, outstanding tumor uptake and fast, non-urinary background clearance. Here, we describe the properties of 18 F-PSMA-1007 in human volunteers and patients. Radiation dosimetry of 18 F-PSMA-1007 was determined in three healthy volunteers who underwent whole-body PET-scans and concomitant blood and urine sampling. Following this, ten patients with high-risk prostate cancer underwent 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT (1 h and 3 h p.i.) and normal organ biodistribution and tumor uptakes were examined. Eight patients underwent prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy. Uptake in intra-prostatic lesions and lymph node metastases were correlated with final histopathology, including PSMA immunostaining. With an effective dose of approximately 4.4-5.5 mSv per 200-250 MBq examination, 18 F-PSMA-1007 behaves similar to other PSMA-PET agents as well as to other 18 F-labelled PET-tracers. In comparison to other PSMA-targeting PET-tracers, 18 F-PSMA-1007 has reduced urinary clearance enabling excellent assessment of the prostate. Similar to 18 F-DCFPyL and with slightly slower clearance kinetics than PSMA-11, favorable tumor-to-background ratios are observed 2-3 h after injection. In eight patients, diagnostic findings were successfully validated by histopathology. 18 F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT detected 18 of 19 lymph node metastases in the pelvis, including nodes as small as 1 mm in diameter. 18 F-PSMA-1007 performs at least comparably to 68 Ga-PSMA-11, but its longer half-life combined with its superior energy characteristics and
Equations of state of anhydrous AlF 3 and AlI 3 : Modeling of extreme condition halide chemistry

DOE PAGES

Stavrou, Elissaios; Zaug, Joseph M.; Bastea, Sorin; ...

2015-06-04

Pressure dependent angle-dispersive x-ray powder diffraction measurements of alpha-phase aluminum trifluoride (α-AlF 3) and separately, aluminum triiodide (AlI 3) were conducted using a diamond-anvil cell. Results at 295 K extend to 50 GPa. The equations of state of AlF 3 and AlI 3 were determined through refinements of collected x-ray diffraction patterns. The respective bulk moduli and corresponding pressure derivatives are reported for multiple orders of the Birch-Murnaghan (B-M), finite-strain (F-f), and higher pressure finite-strain (G-g) EOS analysis models. Aluminum trifluoride exhibits an apparent isostructural phase transition at approximately 12 GPa. Aluminum triiodide also undergoes a second-order atomic rearrangement: appliedmore » stress transformed a monoclinically distorted face centered cubic (fcc) structure into a standard fcc structural arrangement of iodine atoms. In conclusion, results from semi-empirical thermochemical computations of energetic materials formulated with fluorine containing reactants were obtained with the aim of predicting the yield of halogenated products.« less
Equations of state of anhydrous AlF 3 and AlI 3 : Modeling of extreme condition halide chemistry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Stavrou, Elissaios; Zaug, Joseph M.; Bastea, Sorin

Pressure dependent angle-dispersive x-ray powder diffraction measurements of alpha-phase aluminum trifluoride (α-AlF 3) and separately, aluminum triiodide (AlI 3) were conducted using a diamond-anvil cell. Results at 295 K extend to 50 GPa. The equations of state of AlF 3 and AlI 3 were determined through refinements of collected x-ray diffraction patterns. The respective bulk moduli and corresponding pressure derivatives are reported for multiple orders of the Birch-Murnaghan (B-M), finite-strain (F-f), and higher pressure finite-strain (G-g) EOS analysis models. Aluminum trifluoride exhibits an apparent isostructural phase transition at approximately 12 GPa. Aluminum triiodide also undergoes a second-order atomic rearrangement: appliedmore » stress transformed a monoclinically distorted face centered cubic (fcc) structure into a standard fcc structural arrangement of iodine atoms. In conclusion, results from semi-empirical thermochemical computations of energetic materials formulated with fluorine containing reactants were obtained with the aim of predicting the yield of halogenated products.« less
Whole-body biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 18F-FP-(+)-DTBZ (18F-AV-133): a novel vesicular monoamine transporter 2 imaging agent.

PubMed

Lin, Kun-Ju; Weng, Yi-Hsin; Wey, Shiaw-Pyng; Hsiao, Ing-Tsung; Lu, Chin-Song; Skovronsky, Daniel; Chang, Hsiu-Ping; Kung, Mei-Ping; Yen, Tzu-Chen

2010-09-01

Vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is highly expressed in the endocrine cells and brain. We investigated the biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of (2R,3R,11bR)-9-(3-(18)F-fluoropropoxy)-3-isobutyl-10-methoxy-2,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-ol ((18)F-FP-(+)-dihydrotetrabenazine [DTBZ] or (18)F-AV-133), a potential VMAT2 imaging agent showing encouraging results in humans, to facilitate its future clinical use. Nine healthy human subjects (mean age +/- SD, 58.6 +/- 4.2 y) were enrolled for the whole-body PET scan. Serial images were acquired for 3 h immediately after a bolus injection of 390.7 +/- 22.9 MBq of (18)F-AV-133 per individual. The source organs were delineated on PET/CT images. The OLINDA/EXM application was used to determine the equivalent dose for individual organs. The radiotracer did not show any noticeable adverse effects for the 9 subjects examined. The radioactivity uptake in the brain was the highest at 7.5% +/- 0.6% injected dose at 10 min after injection. High absorbed doses were found in the pancreas, liver, and upper large intestine wall. The highest-dosed organ, which received 153.3 +/- 23.8 microGy/MBq, was the pancreas. The effective dose equivalent and effective dose for (18)F-AV-133 were 36.5 +/- 2.8 and 27.8 +/- 2.5 microSv/MBq, respectively. These values are comparable to those reported for any other (18)F-labeled radiopharmaceutical. (18)F-AV-133 is safe, with appropriate biodistribution and radiation dosimetry for imaging VMAT2 sites in humans.
18F-FNDP for PET Imaging of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase.

PubMed

Horti, Andrew G; Wang, Yuchuan; Minn, Il; Lan, Xi; Wang, Jian; Koehler, Raymond C; Alkayed, Nabil J; Dannals, Robert F; Pomper, Martin G

2016-11-01

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a bifunctional enzyme located within cytosol and peroxisomes that converts epoxides to the corresponding diols and hydrolyzes phosphate monoesters. It serves to inactivate epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which are generated in the brain to couple neuronal activity and cerebral blood flow in normal and pathologic states. Altered regulation of sEH was observed previously in various neuropathologic disorders including vascular dementia and stroke. Inhibitors of sEH are pursued as agents to mitigate neuronal damage after stroke. We developed N-(3,3-diphenylpropyl)-6- 18 F-fluoronicotinamide ( 18 F-FNDP), which proved highly specific for imaging of sEH in the mouse and nonhuman primate brain with PET. 18 F-FNDP was synthesized from the corresponding bromo precursor. sEH inhibitory activity of 18 F-FNDP was measured using an sEH inhibitor screening assay kit. Biodistribution was undertaken in CD-1 mice. Binding specificity was assayed in CD-1 and sEH knock-out mice and Papio anubis (baboon) through pretreatment with an sEH inhibitor to block sEH binding. Dynamic PET imaging with arterial blood sampling was performed in 3 baboons, with regional tracer binding quantified using distribution volume. The metabolism of 18 F-FNDP in baboons was assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. 18 F-FNDP (inhibition binding affinity constant, 1.73 nM) was prepared in 1 step in a radiochemical yield of 14% ± 7%, specific radioactivity in the range of 888-3,774 GBq/μmol, and a radiochemical purity greater than 99% using an automatic radiosynthesis module. The time of preparation was about 75 min. In CD-1 mice, regional uptake followed the pattern of striatum > cortex > hippocampus > cerebellum, consistent with the known brain distribution of sEH, with 5.2% injected dose per gram of tissue at peak uptake. Blockade of 80%-90% was demonstrated in all brain regions. Minimal radiotracer uptake was present in sEH knock-out mice. PET baboon
18F-Positron Emitting/Trimethine Cyanine-Fluorescent Contrast for Image-Guided Prostate Cancer Management.

PubMed

Kommidi, Harikrishna; Guo, Hua; Nurili, Fuad; Vedvyas, Yogindra; Jin, Moonsoo M; McClure, Timothy D; Ehdaie, Behfar; Sayman, Haluk B; Akin, Oguz; Aras, Omer; Ting, Richard

2018-05-10

[ 18/19 F]-4, an anionic GCPII/PSMA inhibitor for image-guided intervention in prostate cancer, is described. [ 19 F]-4 is radiolabeled with a radiochemical yield that is ≥27% and a molar activity of 190 ± 50 mCi/μmol in a <1 h, one-step, aqueous isotopic exchange reaction. [ 19 F]-4 allows PSMA expression to be imaged by fluorescence (FL) and [ 18 F]-PET. PC3-PIP (PSMA-positive, EC 50 = 6.74 ± 1.33 nM) cancers are specifically delineated in mice that bear 3 million (18 mg) PC3-PIP and PC3 (control, PSMA-negative) cells. Colocalization of [ 18/19 F]-4 PET, fluorescence, scintillated biodistribution, and PSMA expression are observed.
48 CFR 52.247-45 - F.o.b. Origin and/or F.o.b. Destination Evaluation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false F.o.b. Origin and/or F.o.b... Clauses 52.247-45 F.o.b. Origin and/or F.o.b. Destination Evaluation. As prescribed in 47.305-2(b), insert the following provision in solicitations when offers are solicited on the basis of both f.o.b. origin...
12 CFR 23.12 - Transition rule.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Transition rule. 23.12 Section 23.12 Banks and Banking COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY LEASING CEBA Leases § 23.12 Transition rule. (a) General rule. A CEBA Lease entered into prior to July 22, 1991, may continue to be...
fMRI reliability: influences of task and experimental design.

PubMed

Bennett, Craig M; Miller, Michael B

2013-12-01

As scientists, it is imperative that we understand not only the power of our research tools to yield results, but also their ability to obtain similar results over time. This study is an investigation into how common decisions made during the design and analysis of a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study can influence the reliability of the statistical results. To that end, we gathered back-to-back test-retest fMRI data during an experiment involving multiple cognitive tasks (episodic recognition and two-back working memory) and multiple fMRI experimental designs (block, event-related genetic sequence, and event-related m-sequence). Using these data, we were able to investigate the relative influences of task, design, statistical contrast (task vs. rest, target vs. nontarget), and statistical thresholding (unthresholded, thresholded) on fMRI reliability, as measured by the intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient. We also utilized data from a second study to investigate test-retest reliability after an extended, six-month interval. We found that all of the factors above were statistically significant, but that they had varying levels of influence on the observed ICC values. We also found that these factors could interact, increasing or decreasing the relative reliability of certain Task × Design combinations. The results suggest that fMRI reliability is a complex construct whose value may be increased or decreased by specific combinations of factors.
Improved 18F Labeling of Peptides with a Fluoride-Aluminum-Chelate Complex

PubMed Central

McBride, William J.; D’Souza, Christopher A.; Sharkey, Robert M.; Karacay, Habibe; Rossi, Edmund A.; Chang, Chien-Hsing; Goldenberg, David M.

2010-01-01

We reported previously the feasibility to radiolabel peptides with fluorine-18 (18F) using a rapid, one-pot, method that first mixes 18F− with Al3+, and then binds the (Al18F)2+ complex to a NOTA ligand on the peptide. In this report, we examined several new NOTA ligands and determined how temperature, reaction time, and reagent concentration affected the radiolabeling yield. Four structural variations of the NOTA ligand had isolated radiolabeling yields ranging from 5.8% to 87% under similar reaction conditions. All of the Al18F NOTA complexes were stable in vitro in human serum and those that were tested in vivo also were stable. The radiolabeling reactions were performed at 100°C and the peptides could be labeled in as little as five minutes. The IMP467 peptide could be labeled up to 115 GBq/μmol (3100 Ci/mmol), with a total reaction and purification time of 30 min without chromatographic purification. PMID:20540570
Optical reaction cell and light source for [18F] fluoride radiotracer synthesis

DOEpatents

Ferrieri, R.A.; Schlyer, D.; Becker, R.J.

1998-09-15

An apparatus is disclosed for performing organic synthetic reactions, particularly no-carrier-added nucleophilic radiofluorination reactions for PET radiotracer production. The apparatus includes an optical reaction cell and a source of broadband infrared radiant energy, which permits direct coupling of the emitted radiant energy with the reaction medium to heat the reaction medium. Preferably, the apparatus includes means for focusing the emitted radiant energy into the reaction cell, and the reaction cell itself is preferably configured to reflect transmitted radiant energy back into the reaction medium to further improve the efficiency of the apparatus. The apparatus is well suited to the production of high-yield syntheses of 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-2-deoxy-Dglucose. Also provided is a method for performing organic synthetic reactions, including the manufacture of [{sup 18}F]-labeled compounds useful as PET radiotracers, and particularly for the preparation of 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in higher yields than previously possible. 4 figs.
Antitumoral effect of IL-12 gene transfected via liposomes into B16F0 cells.

PubMed

Speroni, Lucía; Gasparri, Julieta; de los A Bustuoabad, Victoria; Chiaramoni, Nadia S; Smagur, Andrzej; Szala, Stanisław; Taira, María C; del V Alonso, Silvia

2009-01-01

Murine melanoma B16F0 cells were transfected with SA:DPPC:DOPE (2:1:1 molar ratio) liposomes associated with a plasmid encoding murine IL-12. Stearylamine, a cationic lipid, showed a greater transfection efficiency compared to DOTAP-containing liposomes. The lipid:DNA ratio was 2:1 (w/w). Control groups were mock transfected or transfected with an empty plasmid (pNeo). pNeo or IL-12 transfected cells and controls were inoculated intradermically into the dorsal region of the foot or the lateral flank of C57BL6 mice. Results showed that IL-12 expression had a marked effect on in vivo growth of B16 melanoma tumors developed in both anatomic sites, significantly retarding their growth and prolonging host survival.
The F-111D Retention Issue.

DTIC Science & Technology

1986-06-06

Washington D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1978), pp. 234, 241, 254, ?59. 3 Knaack, Post- Worl -g War 11 Fighters, p. 254. 7 CHAPTER 2 HISTORICAL...The F-IlIA in Southeast Asia: 19 Second Deployment The F-I11B 22 The F-111C 25 The F-1111 25 The F-1IE 30 The F-1I1F 33 iv...Sortie 98 3-13 Maintenance Plan / Scheduling Effectiveness 99 3-14 War Readiness Spares Kit (WRSK) Fill Rate 99 3-15 WRSK / BLSS Withdrawals 100 3-16
Biotransformation of ginsenosides F4 and Rg6 in zebrafish.

PubMed

Shen, Wen-Wen; Zhang, Hai-Xia; Qiu, Shou-Bei; Wei, Ying-Jie; Zhu, Fen-Xia; Wang, Jing; Wang, Dan-Dan; Jia, Xiao-Bin; Tang, Dao-Quan; Chen, Bin

2017-03-28

Ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 (GF 4 and GRg 6 ), two main active components of steamed notoginseng or red ginseng, are dehydrated disaccharide saponins. In this work, biotransformation of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 in zebrafish was investigated by qualitatively identifying their metabolites and then proposing their possible metabolic pathways. The prediction of possible metabolism of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 using zebrafish model which can effectively simulate existing mammals model was early and quickly performed. Metabolites of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 after exposing to zebrafish for 24 h were identified by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. A total of 8 and 6 metabolites of ginsenosides F 4 and Rg 6 were identified in zebrafish, respectively. Of these, 7 and 5, including M1, M3-M5, M7-M9 and N1 (N5), N2, N4 (N9), N7-N8 were reported for the first time as far as we know. The mechanisms of their biotransformation involved were further deduced to be desugarization, glucuronidation, sulfation, dehydroxylation, loss of C-17 and/or C-23 residue pathways. It was concluded that loss of rhamnose at position C-6 and glucuronidation at position C-3 in zebrafish were considered as the main physiologic and metabolic processes of ginsenosides F 4 and ginsenosides Rg 6 , respectively.
Nucleophile Assisting Leaving Groups: A Strategy for Aliphatic 18F-Fluorination

PubMed Central

Lu, Shuiyu; Lepore, Salvatore D.; Li, Song Ye; Mondal, Deboprosad; Cohn, Pamela C.; Bhunia, Anjan K.; Pike, Victor W.

2009-01-01

A series of arylsulfonate nucleophile assisting leaving groups (NALGs) were prepared in which the metal chelating unit is attached to the aryl ring via an ether linker. These NALGs exhibited significant rate enhancements in halogenation reactions using metal halides. Studies with a NALG containing a macrocyclic ether unit suggest that rate enhancements of these nucleophilic halogenation reactions are facilitated by stabilization of charge in the transition state rather than through strong pre-complexation with metal cation. In several cases, a primary substrate containing one of the new leaving groups rivaled or surpassed the reactivity of triflates when exposed to nucleophile but was otherwise highly stable and isolable. These and previously disclosed chelating leaving groups were used in 18F-fluorination reactions using no-carrier-added [18F]fluoride ion (t1/2 = 109.7 min, β+ = 97%) in CH3CN. Under microwave irradiation and without the assistance of a cryptand, such as K2.2.2, primary substrates with select NALGs led to a substantial improvement (2 to 3 fold) in radiofluorination yields over traditional leaving groups. PMID:19572583
3D-segmentation of the 18F-choline PET signal for target volume definition in radiation therapy of the prostate.

PubMed

Ciernik, I Frank; Brown, Derek W; Schmid, Daniel; Hany, Thomas; Egli, Peter; Davis, J Bernard

2007-02-01

Volumetric assessment of PET signals becomes increasingly relevant for radiotherapy (RT) planning. Here, we investigate the utility of 18F-choline PET signals to serve as a structure for semi-automatic segmentation for forward treatment planning of prostate cancer. 18F-choline PET and CT scans of ten patients with histologically proven prostate cancer without extracapsular growth were acquired using a combined PET/CT scanner. Target volumes were manually delineated on CT images using standard software. Volumes were also obtained from 18F-choline PET images using an asymmetrical segmentation algorithm. PTVs were derived from CT 18F-choline PET based clinical target volumes (CTVs) by automatic expansion and comparative planning was performed. As a read-out for dose given to non-target structures, dose to the rectal wall was assessed. Planning target volumes (PTVs) derived from CT and 18F-choline PET yielded comparable results. Optimal matching of CT and 18F-choline PET derived volumes in the lateral and cranial-caudal directions was obtained using a background-subtracted signal thresholds of 23.0+/-2.6%. In antero-posterior direction, where adaptation compensating for rectal signal overflow was required, optimal matching was achieved with a threshold of 49.5+/-4.6%. 3D-conformal planning with CT or 18F-choline PET resulted in comparable doses to the rectal wall. Choline PET signals of the prostate provide adequate spatial information amendable to standardized asymmetrical region growing algorithms for PET-based target volume definition for external beam RT.
Difluorophosphoryl nitrene F2P(O)N: matrix isolation and unexpected rearrangement to F2PNO.

PubMed

Zeng, Xiaoqing; Beckers, Helmut; Willner, Helge; Neuhaus, Patrik; Grote, Dirk; Sander, Wolfram

2009-12-14

Triplet difluorophosphoryl nitrene F(2)P(O)N (X(3)A'') was generated on ArF excimer laser irradiation (lambda=193 nm) of F(2)P(O)N(3) in solid argon matrix at 16 K, and characterized by its matrix IR, UV/Vis, and EPR spectra, in combination with DFT and CBS-QB3 calculations. On visible light irradiation (lambda>420 nm) at 16 K F(2)P(O)N reacts with molecular nitrogen and some of the azide is regenerated. UV irradiation (lambda=255 nm) of F(2)P(O)N (X(3)A'') induced a Curtius-type rearrangement, but instead of a 1,3-fluorine shift, nitrogen migration to give F(2)PON is proposed to be the first step of the photoisomerization of F(2)P(O)N into F(2)PNO (difluoronitrosophosphine). Formation of novel F(2)PNO was confirmed with (15)N- and (18)O-enriched isotopomers by IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations. Theoretical calculations predict a rather long P-N bond of 1.922 A [B3LYP/6-311+G(3df)] and low bond-dissociation energy of 76.3 kJ mol(-1) (CBS-QB3) for F(2)PNO.
M2-F1 simulator cockpit

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

1963-01-01

to prove it could fly safely and to train pilots before they were towed behind a C-47 aircraft and released. These initial car-tow tests produced enough flight data about the M2-F1 to proceed with flights behind the C-47 tow plane at greater altitudes. The C-47 took the craft to an altitude of 12,000 where free flights back to Rogers Dry Lake began. Pilot for the first series of flights of the M2-F1 was NASA research pilot Milt Thompson. Typical glide flights with the M2-F1 lasted about two minutes and reached speeds of 110 to l20 mph. A small solid landing rocket, referred to as the 'instant L/D rocket,' was installed in the rear base of the M2-F1. This rocket, which could be ignited by the pilot, provided about 250 pounds of thrust for about 10 seconds. The rocket could be used to extend the flight time near landing if needed. More than 400 ground tows and 77 aircraft tow flights were carried out with the M2-F1. The success of Dryden's M2-F1 program led to NASA's development and construction of two heavyweight lifting bodies based on studies at NASA's Ames and Langley research centers--the M2-F2 and the HL-10, both built by the Northrop Corporation, and the U.S. Air Force's X-24 program, with an X-24A and -B built by Martin. The Lifting Body program also heavily influenced the Space Shuttle program. The M2-F1 program demonstrated the feasibility of the lifting body concept for horizontal landings of atmospheric entry vehicles. It also demonstrated a procurement and management concept for prototype flight test vehicles that produced rapid results at very low cost (approximately $50,000, excluding salaries of government employees assigned to the project).
11. Historic American Buildings Survey S.F. Chronicle Library Collection, S.F. ...

Library of Congress Historic Buildings Survey, Historic Engineering Record, Historic Landscapes Survey

11. Historic American Buildings Survey S.F. Chronicle Library Collection, S.F. WALLS AND TOWER AFTER DISASTER OF 1906 - St. Mary's Church, 660 California Street, San Francisco, San Francisco County, CA
Substituent effects in a series of 1,7-C[subscript 60](R[subscript F])[subscript 2] compounds (R[subscript F] = CF[subscript 3], C[subscript 2]F[subscript 5], n-C[subscrip 3]F[subscript 7], i-C[subscript 3]F[subscript 7], n-C[subscript 4]F[subscript 9], s-C[subscript 4]F[subscript 9], n-C[subscript 8]F[subscript 17]): electron affinities, reduction potentials and E(LUMO) values are not always correlated

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kuvychko, Igor V.; Whitaker, James B.; Larson, Bryon W.

2013-04-08

A series of seven structurally-similar compounds with different pairs of R{sub F} groups were prepared, characterized spectroscopically, and studied by electrochemical methods (cyclic and square-wave voltammetry), low-temperature anion photoelectron spectroscopy, and DFT calculations (five of the compounds are reported here for the first time). This is the first time that a set of seven R{sub F} groups have been compared with respect to their relative effects on E{sub 1/2}(0/-), electron affinity (EA), and the DFT-calculated LUMO energy. The compounds, 1,7-C{sub 60}(R{sub F}){sub 2} (R{sub F} = CF{sub 3}, C{sub 2}F{sub 5}, i-C{sub 3}F{sub 7}, n-C{sub 3}F{sub 7}, s-C{sub 4}F{sub 9},more » n-C{sub 4}F{sub 9} and n-C{sub 8}F{sub 21}), were found to have statistically different electron affinities (EA), at the {+-}10 meV level of uncertainty, but virtually identical first reduction potentials, at the {+-}10 mV level of uncertainty. The lack of a correlation between EA and E{sub 1/2}(0/-), and between E(LUMO) and E{sub 1/2}(0/-), for such similar compounds is unprecedented and suggests that explanations for differences in figures of merit for materials and/or devices that are based on equating easily measurable E{sub 1/2}(0/-) values with EAs or E(LUMO) values should be viewed with caution. The solubilities of the seven compounds in toluene varied by nearly a factor of six, but in an unpredictable way, with the C{sub 2}F{sub 5} and s-C{sub 4}F{sub 9} compounds being the most soluble and the i-C{sub 3}F{sub 7} compound being the least soluble. The effects of the different R{sub F} groups on EAs, E(LUMO) values, and solubilities should help fluorine chemists choose the right R{sub F} group to design new materials with improved morphological, electronic, optical, and/or magnetic properties.« less

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