Borehole Time Domain Reflectometry in Layered Sandstone: Impact of Measurement Technique on Vadose Zone Process Identification

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

West, J.; Truss, S. W.

2004-12-01

An investigation is reported into the hydraulic behaviour of the vadose zone of a layered sandstone aquifer using borehole-based Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). TDR has been widely applied to shallow soils but has seen limited application at greater depth and in cemented lithologies due to the difficulty of installing conventional TDR probes in rock and from boreholes. Here, flat TDR probes that are simply in contact with, rather than inserted within the medium under investigation, have been developed and applied in a field study. Both a commercially available portable packer TDR system (TRIME-B3L Borehole Packer Probe) and specially designed TDR probes, permanently installed in boreholes on grouted-in packers were used to monitor seasonal fluctuations in moisture content in the vadose zone of a layered sandstone over one year under natural rainfall loading. The data show that the vadose zone contains seasonal perched water tables that form when downward percolating moisture reaches layers of fine grained sandstone and siltstone and causes local saturation. The formation of perched water tables is likely to lead to lateral flow bypassing the less permeable, finer layers. This contrasts with behaviour inferred from previous studies of the same aquifer that used borehole radar and resistivity, which suggested its vadose zone behaviour was characterized by uniform downwards migration of wetting fronts. To investigate the impact of measurement technique on observed response, the TDR data reported here were used to produce simulated zero offset profile (ZOP) borehole radar responses. This simulation confirmed the limited ability of ZOP borehole radar to detect key vadose zone processes, because the phenomenon of critical refraction minimizes the sensitivity of the results to high moisture content layers. The study illustrates that inappropriate technique selection results in hydrological process mis-identification, with serious consequences for the usefulness of data in hydrological modeling.

Finite Element Modeling of Transient Head Field Associated with Partially Penetrating, Slug Tests in a Heterogeneous Aquifer with Low Permeability, Stratigraphic Zones and Faults

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Cheng, J.; Johnson, B.; Everett, M.

2003-12-01

Preliminary field work shows slug interference tests using an array of multilevel active and monitoring wells have potential of permitting enhanced aquifer characterization. Analysis of these test data, however, ultimately will rely on numerical geophysical inverse models. In order to gain insight as well as to provide synthetic data sets, we use a 3-D finite element analysis (code:FEHM-LANL) to explore the effect of idealized, low permeability, stratigraphical and structural (faults) heterogeneities on the transient head field associated with a slug test in a packer-isolated interval of an open borehole. The borehole and packers are modeled explicitly; wellbore storage is selected to match values of field tests. The homogeneous model exhibits excellent agreement with that of the semi-analytical model of Liu and Butler (1995). Models are axisymmetric with a centrally located slugged interval within a homogenous, isotropic, confined aquifer with embedded, horizontal or vertical zones of lower permeability that represent low permeability strata or faults, respectively. Either one or two horizontal layers are located opposite the borehole packers, which is a common situation at the field site; layer thickness (0.15-0.75 m), permeability contrast (up to 4 orders of magnitude contrast) and lateral continuity of layers are varied between models. The effect of a "hole" in a layer also is assessed. Fault models explore effects of thickness (0.05-0.75 m) and permeability contrast as well as additional effects associated with the offset of low permeability strata. Results of models are represented most clearly by contour maps of time of arrival and normalized amplitude of peak head perturbation, but transient head histories at selected locations provide additional insight. Synthesis of the models is on-going but a few points can be made at present. Spatial patterns are distinctive and allow easy discrimination between stratigraphic and structural impedance features. Time delays and amplitude reduction increase nonlinearly with increasing permeability contrast. The capacity to discriminate the effect of layer thickness decreases as permeability contrast increases.

SPI Conformance Gel Applications in Geothermal Zonal Isolation

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Burns, Lyle

Zonal isolation in geothermal injection and producing wells is important while drilling the wells when highly fractured geothermal zones are encountered and there is a need to keep the fluids from interfering with the drilling operation. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) objectives are to advance technologies to make it more cost effective to develop, produce, and monitor geothermal reservoirs and produce geothermal energy. Thus, zonal isolation is critical to well cost, reservoir evaluation and operations. Traditional cementing off of the lost circulation or thief zones during drilling is often done to stem the drilling mudmore » losses. This is an expensive and generally unsuccessful technique losing the potential of the remaining fracture system. Selective placement of strong SPI gels into only the offending fractures can maintain and even improve operational efficiency and resource life. The SPI gel system is a unique silicate based gel system that offers a promising solution to thief zones and conformance problems with water and CO2 floods and potentially geothermal operations. This gel system remains a low viscosity fluid until an initiator (either internal such as an additive or external such as CO2) triggers gelation. This is a clear improvement over current mechanical methods of using packers, plugs, liners and cementing technologies that often severely damage the highly fractured area that is isolated. In the SPI gels, the initiator sets up the fluid into a water-like (not a precipitate) gel and when the isolated zone needs to be reopened, the SPI gel may be removed with an alkaline solution without formation damage occurring. In addition, the SPI gel in commercial quantities is expected to be less expensive than competing mechanical systems and has unique deep placement possibilities. This project seeks to improve upon the SPI gel integrity by modifying the various components to impart temperature stability for use in geothermal.« less

Well fluid isolation and sample apparatus and method

DOEpatents

Schalla, Ronald; Smith, Ronald M.; Hall, Stephen H.; Smart, John E.

1995-01-01

The present invention specifically permits purging and/or sampling of a well but only removing, at most, about 25% of the fluid volume compared to conventional methods and, at a minimum, removing none of the fluid volume from the well. The invention is an isolation assembly that is inserted into the well. The isolation assembly is designed so that only a volume of fluid between the outside diameter of the isolation assembly and the inside diameter of the well over a fluid column height from the bottom of the well to the top of the active portion (lower annulus) is removed. A seal may be positioned above the active portion thereby sealing the well and preventing any mixing or contamination of inlet fluid with fluid above the packer. Purged well fluid is stored in a riser above the packer. Ports in the wall of the isolation assembly permit purging and sampling of the lower annulus along the height of the active portion.

Sequential Pumping and Tracing Experiments Using Packer Systems in a Chalk Aquifer

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goderniaux, P.; Poulain, A.

2016-12-01

The hydraulic characterization of subsurface geological unit is crucial for many hydrogeological applications. The quantification and the spatial distribution of the related parameters is however not always straightforward. As a consequence, parameters values are often considered as homogeneous over the thickness of an aquifer unit. To try to catch the possible heterogeneity, sequential tracer and pumping tests have been performed between two piezometers, using inflatable packer systems to isolate and study specific sections of the boreholes. The experimental site is composed of two 50m-deep piezometers located in a chalk aquifer, in South-West Belgium. The boreholes are not equipped with any casing or screen, to allow the use of the packers. The chalk is characterized by a high porosity, which enables the storage of large quantities of groundwater, and by fractures where fast preferential flow occurs. Recordings made with a borehole camera system has evidenced the presence of many fractures along the borehole, with a mean density of 2 fractures by meter. The frequency of fracture occurrences is however variable along the borehole. Pumping and tracer tests have been performed (1) using the whole borehole depth, and (2) over specific 1-meter sections, isolated with packers. Results confirm that flow and transport parameters are heterogeneous within the chalk aquifer unit. Groundwater head variations, induced by water pumping or injection, and tracer transfer times are variable according to the studied borehole section. Tests are still going on, and the objective is to have measurements over the whole borehole, to be used for numerical interpretation.

Hydraulische Optimierung des Reaktionsraumes um einen Infiltrationsbrunnen zur unterirdischen Enteisenung. Feldversuche und numerische Simulation zur Planung der optimalen Verfahrensergiebigkeit (Teil 1/2) Hydraulic optimization of the reaction zone around an injection well during subsurface iron removal

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Ahrns, Johannes; Bartak, Rico; Grischek, Thomas; Pörschke, Richard

2017-11-01

In subsurface iron removal (SIR), oxygen-enriched water is injected into an aquifer to create a reaction zone. Aside from the hydraulic properties of the aquifer, groundwater quality often varies with depth so that in vertical wells the dissolved oxygen distribution (reaction zone) may not correspond to the dissolved iron concentration which may result in a lower efficiency coefficient. Therefore, measures to hydraulically optimize the formation of the reaction zone through a non-conventional injection were investigated. A high-resolution groundwater flow model was calibrated based on tracer and pump tests and used to plan the optimized injection for a SIR-pilot well with two screen segments. An optimized injection appears to be possible through the inactivation of well screen sections using packers. A doubling of the efficiency coefficient in comparison to a conventional injection was predicted when a packer, which remains evacuated inside the well while pumping, was used to seal 4/5 of the upper well screen length during injection. This scenario was used to plan the operating regime for a SIR field test, which is presented in Part 2.

Hydraulische Optimierung des Reaktionsraumes um einen Infiltrationsbrunnen zur unterirdischen Enteisenung. Durchführung eines Feldversuchs mit Infiltrationssteuerung (Teil 2/2) Hydraulic optimization of the reaction zone around an injection well during subsurface iron removal (SIR)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Bartak, Rico; Macheleidt, Wolfgang; Ahrns, Johannes; Grischek, Thomas

2017-11-01

In subsurface iron removal (SIR), oxygen-enriched water is injected into an aquifer to create a reaction zone. Ahrns et al. (2017) simulated a doubling of the efficiency coefficient by the inactivation of well screen sections during injection for a vertical SIR pilot well penetrating an aquifer with varying dissolved iron concentrations. The optimized injection regime was adopted conceptually in a pilot SIR test. An inflatable packer was used to manipulate the outflow distribution. The packer was inflated before the injection phase then evacuated with a vacuum pump before pumping while remaining inside the casing. Cycles with conventional injection were performed first and iron breakthrough was monitored in the pumped water. Subsequently when the packer was used, iron removal increased by 25% and the efficiency coefficient by 50% for an adopted reference value of 5.0 mg/l. Although the study site was unfavorable for SIR because of the unfavorable low alkalinity (pH in the re- and infiltrate decreased down to 4.2), the injectant could have been pretreated by the addition of alkalis prior to injection. This was not considered in the simulation and iron concentrations were above the limits commonly used in practice. However, the overall use of an optimized injection will still be presented.

Characterizing contaminant concentrations with depth by using the USGS well profiler in Oklahoma, 2003-9

USGS Publications Warehouse

Smith, S. Jerrod; Becker, Carol J.

2011-01-01

In 2007, the USGS well profiler was used to investigate saline water intrusion in a deep public-supply well completed in the Ozark (Roubidoux) aquifer. In northeast Oklahoma, where the Ozark aquifer is known to be susceptible to contamination from mining activities, the well profiler also could be used to investigate sources (depths) of metals contamination and to identify routes of entry of metals to production wells.Water suppliers can consider well rehabilitation as a potential remediation strategy because of the ability to identify changes in contaminant concentrations with depth in individual wells with the USGS well profiler. Well rehabilitation methods, which are relatively inexpensive compared to drilling and completing new wells, involve modifying the construction or operation of a well to enhance the production of water from zones with lesser concentrations of a contaminant or to limit the production of water from zones with greater concentrations of a contaminant. One of the most effective well rehabilitation methods is zonal isolation, in which water from contaminated zones is excluded from production through installation of cement plugs or packers. By using relatively simple and inexpensive well rehabilitation methods, water suppliers may be able to decrease exposure of customers to contaminants and avoid costly installation of additional wells, conveyance infrastructure, and treatment technologies.

40 CFR 146.12 - Construction requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... water. The casing and cement used in the construction of each newly drilled well shall be designed for... intervals; and (7) Type or grade of cement. (c) All Class I injection wells, except those municipal wells... injection zone, or tubing with an approved fluid seal as an alternative. The tubing, packer, and fluid seal...

Chemical Constituents in Groundwater from Multiple Zones in the Eastern Snake River Plain Aquifer at the Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, 2005-08

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bartholomay, Roy C.; Twining, Brian V.

2010-01-01

From 2005 to 2008, the U.S. Geological Survey's Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Project office, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected water-quality samples from multiple water-bearing zones in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer. Water samples were collected from six monitoring wells completed in about 350-700 feet of the upper part of the aquifer, and the samples were analyzed for major ions, selected trace elements, nutrients, selected radiochemical constituents, and selected stable isotopes. Each well was equipped with a multilevel monitoring system containing four to seven sampling ports that were each isolated by permanent packer systems. The sampling ports were installed in aquifer zones that were highly transmissive and that represented the water chemistry of the top four to five model layers of a steady-state and transient groundwater-flow model. The model's water chemistry and particle-tracking simulations are being used to better define movement of wastewater constituents in the aquifer. The results of the water chemistry analyses indicated that, in each of four separate wells, one zone of water differed markedly from the other zones in the well. In four wells, one zone to as many as five zones contained radiochemical constituents that originated from wastewater disposal at selected laboratory facilities. The multilevel sampling systems are defining the vertical distribution of wastewater constituents in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and the concentrations of wastewater constituents in deeper zones in wells Middle 2051, USGS 132, and USGS 103 support the concept of groundwater flow deepening in the southwestern part of the INL.

Increased oil production and reserves from improved completion techniques in the Bluebell field, Uinta Basin. Quarterly technical report, October 1, 1996--December 31, 1996

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Morgan, C.D.

1997-02-01

The objective of this project is to increase oil production and reserves in the Uinta Basin by demonstrating improved completion techniques. Low productivity of Uinta Basin wells is caused by gross production intervals of several thousand feet that contain perforated thief zones, water-bearing zones, and unperforated oil-bearing intervals. Geologic and engineering characterization and computer simulation of the Green River and Wasatch formations in the Bluebell field will determine reservoir heterogeneities related to fractures and depositional trends. This will be followed by drilling and recompletion of several wells to demonstrate improved completion techniques based on the reservoir characterization. Transfer of themore » project results will be an ongoing component of the project. The recompletion of the Michelle Ute 7-1 well commenced and is the first step in the three-well demonstration. As part of the recompletion, the gross productive interval was logged, additional beds were perforated, and the entire interval was stimulated with a three-stage acid treatment. The operator attempted to stimulate the well at high pressure (about 10,000 pounds per square inch (psi) [68,950 kPa]) at three separate packer locations. But at each location the pressure would not hold. As a result, all three stages were pumped at a lower pressure (6500 psi maximum [44,820 kPa]) from one packer location. As of December 31, 1996, the operator was tripping in the hole with the production packer and tubing to begin swab testing the well.« less

Modeling of Permeability Structure Using Pore Pressure and Borehole Strain Monitoring

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kano, Y.; Ito, H.

2011-12-01

Hydraulic or transport property, especially permeability, of the rock affect the behavior of the fault during earthquake rupture and also interseismic period. The methods to determine permeability underground are hydraulic test utilizing borehole and packer or core measurement in laboratory. Another way to know the permeability around a borehole is to examine responses of pore pressure to natural loading such as barometric pressure change at surface or earth tides. Using response to natural deformation is conventional method for water resource research. The scale of measurement is different among in-situ hydraulic test, response method, and core measurement. It is not clear that the relationship between permeability values form each method for an inhomogeneous medium such as a fault zone. Supposing the measurement of the response to natural loading, we made a model calculation of permeability structure around a fault zone. The model is 2 dimensional and constructed with vertical high-permeability layer in uniform low-permeability zone. We assume the upper and lower boundaries are drained and no-flow condition. We calculated the flow and deformation of the model for step and cyclic loading by numerically solving a two-dimensional diffusion equation. The model calculation shows that the width of the high-permeability zone and contrast of the permeability between high- and low- permeability zones control the contribution of the low-permeability zone. We made a calculation with combinations of permeability and fault width to evaluate the sensitivity of the parameters to in-situ measurement of permeability. We applied the model calculation to the field results of in-situ packer test, and natural response of water level and strain monitoring carried out in the Kamioka mine. The model calculation shows that knowledge of permeability in host rock is also important to obtain permeability of fault zone itself. The model calculations help to design long-term pore pressure monitoring, in-situ hydraulic test, and core measurement using drill holes to better understand fault zone hydraulic properties.

Evaluation of borehole geophysical logs and hydraulic tests, phase III, at AIW Frank/Mid-County Mustang Superfund Site, Chester County, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Sloto, Ronald A.

2001-01-01

Borehole geophysical logs, heatpulse-flowmeter measurements, and aquifer-isolation tests were used to characterize the ground-water-flow system at the AIW Frank/Mid-County Mustang Superfund Site. The site is underlain by fractured carbonate rocks. Caliper, natural-gamma, single-point-resistance, fluid-resistivity, and fluid-temperature logs were run in six wells, and an acoustic borehole televiewer and borehole deviation log was run in one well. The direction and rate of borehole-fluid movement was measured with a high-resolution heatpulse flowmeter for both nonpumping and pumping conditions in four wells. The heatpulse-flowmeter measurements showed flow within the borehole during nonpumping conditions in three of the four wells tested. Flow rates up to 1.4 gallons per minute were measured. Flow was upward in one well and both upward and downward in two wells. Aquifer-isolation (packer) tests were conducted in four wells to determine depth-discrete specific capacity values, to obtain depth-discrete water samples, and to determine the effect of pumping an individual fracture or fracture zone in one well on water levels in nearby wells. Water-level data collected during aquifer-isolation tests were consistent with and confirmed interpretations of borehole geophysical logs and heatpulse-flowmeter measurements. Seven of the 13 fractures identified as water-producing or water-receiving zones by borehole geophysical methods produced water at a rate equal to or greater than 7.5 gallons per minute when isolated and pumped. The specific capacities of isolated fractures range over three orders of magnitude, from 0.005 to 7.1 gallons per minute per foot. Vertical distribution of specific capacity between land surface and 298 feet below land surface is not related to depth. The four highest specific capacities, in descending order, are at depths of 174-198, 90-92, 118-119, and 34-37 feet below land surface.

Borehole testing methods using a new temporary polyacrylamide packers technology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klepikova, Maria V.; Roques, Clement; Selker, John

2017-04-01

Range of options for investigation of hydraulic behavior of aquifers from boreholes has been limited to rigid, cumbersome packers, and inflatable sleeves. Here we propose a new temporary polyacrylamide packers (TAMP) technology that uses soft grains of polyacrylamide gel as a borehole sealing material and discuss its possible applications. Polyacrylamide gel, also called hydrogel or water-absorbing polymer, consists of long chains of molecules that can absorb over a hundred times their weight in liquids. Soft gel grains are mainly made of water, but the water inside these particles does not contribute to the flow of the suspension. The gel packing (permeability similar to open gravel) placed to a well suppresses free convection, allowing for local temperature and chemical sampling through free-flowing gel. Minimizing the effect of free convection within the well column would be beneficial for active thermal tests where free convection often dominate flow and create thermal disequilibrium between the water in the borehole and the surrounding media. Preliminary laboratory experiments and the literature suggests that as the polyacrylamide pack is subject to modest compressive stress to the gel media (of order 0.1 ATM), the permeability transitions from of the order of 10 to 7 millidarcys to 0.01 millidarcys, illustrating the remarkable ability to transition from highly permeable to nearly impermeable grouting. Though yet to be confirmed in the field, by locally injecting water at pressure greater than the compressive stress, local voids can be formed which can act as local pump test sources, with all other locations in the borehole hydraulically isolated where local response pressure from the formation can be measured. This arrangement could be valuable for tomographic study of aquifers wherein hundreds of injection zones could be tested by simply pulling an injection pipe vertically through the packed borehole. The gel grains can be of the scale of cm, so do not pass through well-screens or enter fractures of mm scale. When compressive stress is relieved, the PAM media is easily pumped out of a well with standard equipment.

Characterization of fractures and flow zones in a contaminated shale at the Watervliet Arsenal, Albany County, New York

USGS Publications Warehouse

Williams, John H.; Paillet, Frederick L.

2002-01-01

Flow zones in a fractured shale in and near a plume of volatile organic compounds at the Watervliet Arsenal in Albany County, N. Y. were characterized through the integrated analysis of geophysical logs and single- and cross-hole flow tests. Information on the fracture-flow network at the site was needed to design an effective groundwater monitoring system, estimate offsite contaminant migration, and evaluate potential containment and remedial actions.Four newly drilled coreholes and four older monitoring wells were logged and tested to define the distribution and orientation of fractures that intersected a combined total of 500 feet of open hole. Analysis of borehole-wall image logs obtained with acoustic and optical televiewers indicated 79 subhorizontal to steeply dipping fractures with a wide range of dip directions. Analysis of fluid resistivity, temperature, and heat-pulse and electromagnetic flowmeter logs obtained under ambient and short-term stressed conditions identified 14 flow zones, which consist of one to several fractures and whose estimated transmissivity values range from 0.1 to more than 250 feet squared per day.Cross-hole flow tests, which were used to characterize the hydraulic connection between fracture-flow zones intersected by the boreholes, entailed (1) injection into or extraction from boreholes that penetrated a single fracture-flow zone or whose zones were isolated by an inflatable packer, and (2) measurement of the transient response of water levels and flow in surrounding boreholes. Results indicate a wellconnected fracture network with an estimated transmissivity of 80 to 250 feet squared per day that extends for at least 200 feet across the site. This interconnected fracture-flow network greatly affects the hydrology of the site and has important implications for contaminant monitoring and remedial actions.

Scale dependence of in-situ permeability measurements in the Nankai accretionary prism: The role of fractures

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boutt, David F.; Saffer, Demian; Doan, Mai-Linh; Lin, Weiren; Ito, Takatoshi; Kano, Yasuyuki; Flemings, Peter; McNeill, Lisa C.; Byrne, Timothy; Hayman, Nicholas W.; Moe, Kyaw Thu

2012-04-01

Modeling studies suggest that fluid permeability is an important control on the maintenance and distribution of pore fluid pressures at subduction zones generated through tectonic loading. Yet, to date, few data are available to constrain permeability of these materials, at appropriate scales. During IODP Expedition 319, downhole measurements of permeability within the uppermost accretionary wedge offshore SW Japan were made using a dual-packer device to isolate 1 m sections of borehole at a depth of 1500 m below sea floor. Analyses of pressure transients using numerical models suggest a range of in-situ fluid permeabilities (5E-15-9E-17 m2). These values are significantly higher than those measured on core samples (2E-19 m2). Borehole imagery and cores suggests the presence of multiple open fractures at this depth of measurement. These observations suggest that open permeable natural fractures at modest fracture densities could be important contributors to overall prism permeability structure at these scales.

9 CFR 201.67 - Packers not to own or finance selling agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Packers not to own or finance selling agencies. 201.67 Section 201.67 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE REGULATIONS UNDER THE PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ACT Trade Practices § 201.6...

9 CFR 203.14 - Statement with respect to advertising allowances and other merchandising payments and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... customer? (a) A customer is a person who buys for resale directly from the packer, or through the packer's agent or broker; and in addition, a customer is any buyer of the packer's product for resale who... packer has fulfilled its obligations toward its customers, the Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards...

9 CFR 203.14 - Statement with respect to advertising allowances and other merchandising payments and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... customer? (a) A customer is a person who buys for resale directly from the packer, or through the packer's agent or broker; and in addition, a customer is any buyer of the packer's product for resale who... packer has fulfilled its obligations toward its customers, the Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards...

9 CFR 203.14 - Statement with respect to advertising allowances and other merchandising payments and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... customer? (a) A customer is a person who buys for resale directly from the packer, or through the packer's agent or broker; and in addition, a customer is any buyer of the packer's product for resale who... packer has fulfilled its obligations toward its customers, the Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards...

9 CFR 203.14 - Statement with respect to advertising allowances and other merchandising payments and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... customer? (a) A customer is a person who buys for resale directly from the packer, or through the packer's agent or broker; and in addition, a customer is any buyer of the packer's product for resale who... packer has fulfilled its obligations toward its customers, the Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards...

Revealing the unexplored fungal communities in deep groundwater of crystalline bedrock fracture zones in Olkiluoto, Finland.

PubMed

Sohlberg, Elina; Bomberg, Malin; Miettinen, Hanna; Nyyssönen, Mari; Salavirta, Heikki; Vikman, Minna; Itävaara, Merja

2015-01-01

The diversity and functional role of fungi, one of the ecologically most important groups of eukaryotic microorganisms, remains largely unknown in deep biosphere environments. In this study we investigated fungal communities in packer-isolated bedrock fractures in Olkiluoto, Finland at depths ranging from 296 to 798 m below surface level. DNA- and cDNA-based high-throughput amplicon sequencing analysis of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene markers was used to examine the total fungal diversity and to identify the active members in deep fracture zones at different depths. Results showed that fungi were present in fracture zones at all depths and fungal diversity was higher than expected. Most of the observed fungal sequences belonged to the phylum Ascomycota. Phyla Basidiomycota and Chytridiomycota were only represented as a minor part of the fungal community. Dominating fungal classes in the deep bedrock aquifers were Sordariomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Dothideomycetes from the Ascomycota phylum and classes Microbotryomycetes and Tremellomycetes from the Basidiomycota phylum, which are the most frequently detected fungal taxa reported also from deep sea environments. In addition some fungal sequences represented potentially novel fungal species. Active fungi were detected in most of the fracture zones, which proves that fungi are able to maintain cellular activity in these oligotrophic conditions. Possible roles of fungi and their origin in deep bedrock groundwater can only be speculated in the light of current knowledge but some species may be specifically adapted to deep subsurface environment and may play important roles in the utilization and recycling of nutrients and thus sustaining the deep subsurface microbial community.

Different seismic signatures of fractures slip and their correlations with fluid pressures in in-situ rupture experiments

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Derode, B.; Cappa, F.; Guglielmi, Y.

2012-04-01

The recent observations of non-volcanic tremors (NVT), slow-slip events (SSE), low- (LFE) and very-low (VLF) frequency earthquakes on seismogenic faults reveal that unexpected, large, non-linear transient deformations occur during the interseismic loading of the earthquake cycle. Such phenomena modify stress to the adjacent locked zones bringing them closer to failure. Recent studies indicated various driving factors such as high-fluid pressures and frictional processes. Here we focus on the role of fluids in the different seismic signatures observed in in-situ fractures slip experiments. Experiments were conducted in critically stressed fractures zone at 250 m-depth within the LSBB underground laboratory (south of France). This experiment seeks to explore the field measurements of temporal variations in fluid and stress through continuous monitoring of seismic waves, fluid pressures and mechanical deformations between boreholes and the ground surface. The fluid pressure was increased step-by-step in a fracture isolated between packers until a maximum value of 35 bars; a pressure analog to ones known to trigger earthquakes at crustal depths. We observed in the seismic signals: (1) Tremor-like signatures, (2) Low Frequency signatures, and (3) sudden and short ruptures like micro-earthquakes. By analogy, we suggest that fluid pressures may trigger these different seismic signatures in active faults.

Imaging pathways in fractured rock using three-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography

USGS Publications Warehouse

Robinson, Judith; Slater, Lee; Johnson, Timothy B.; Shapiro, Allen M.; Tiedeman, Claire; Ntlargiannis, Dimitrios; Johnson, Carole D.; Day-Lewis, Frederick D.; Lacombe, Pierre; Imbrigiotta, Thomas; Lane, John W.

2016-01-01

Major challenges exist in delineating bedrock fracture zones because these cause abrupt changes in geological and hydrogeological properties over small distances. Borehole observations cannot sufficiently capture heterogeneity in these systems. Geophysical techniques offer the potential to image properties and processes in between boreholes. We used three-dimensional cross borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in a 9 m (diameter) × 15 m well field to capture high-resolution flow and transport processes in a fractured mudstone contaminated by chlorinated solvents, primarily trichloroethylene. Conductive (sodium bromide) and resistive (deionized water) injections were monitored in seven boreholes. Electrode arrays with isolation packers and fluid sampling ports were designed to enable acquisition of ERT measurements during pulsed tracer injections. Fracture zone locations and hydraulic pathways inferred from hydraulic head drawdown data were compared with electrical conductivity distributions from ERT measurements. Static ERT imaging has limited resolution to decipher individual fractures; however, these images showed alternating conductive and resistive zones, consistent with alternating laminated and massive mudstone units at the site. Tracer evolution and migration was clearly revealed in time-lapse ERT images and supported by in situ borehole vertical apparent conductivity profiles collected during the pulsed tracer test. While water samples provided important local information at the extraction borehole, ERT delineated tracer migration over spatial scales capturing the primary hydrogeological heterogeneity controlling flow and transport. The fate of these tracer injections at this scale could not have been quantified using borehole logging and/or borehole sampling methods alone.

Integrating Multiple Subsurface Exploration Technologies in Slope Hydrogeologic Investigation: A Case Study in Taiwan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lo, H.-C.; Hsu, S.-M.; Jeng, D.-I.; Ku, C.-Y.

2009-04-01

Taiwan is an island located at a tectonically active collision zone between the Eurasian Plate and the Pacific Plate. Also, the island is in the subtropical climate region with frequent typhoon events that are always accompanied by intense rainfalls within a short period of time. These seismic and climatic elements frequently trigger, directly or indirectly, natural disasters such as landslides on the island with casualties and property damages. Prompted by the urge for minimizing the detrimental effects of such natural disasters, Taiwan government has initiated and funded a series of investigations and studies aimed at better understanding the causes of the natural disasters that may lead to the formulation of more effective disaster contingency plans and possibly some forecasts system. The hydrogeology of a landslide site can help unveil the detention condition of storm water entering the aquifer system of the slope as well as its groundwater condition which, in turn, plays a critical role in slope stability. In this study, a hydrogeologic investigation employing a series of subsurface exploration technologies was conducted at an active landslide site in the vicinity of Hwa Yuan Village in northern Taiwan. The site, which covers an area of approximately 0.14 km2 (35 acres) and generally ranges between 25 to 36 degree in slope, was initially investigated with ground resistivity image profiling (RIP) and electrical logging in order to determine the lithology and possibly the water-bearing capacity of the geologic units beneath the slope surface. Subsequently, both acoustic and optical borehole loggings were then applied to identify potentially significant fracture features at depth and their hydrogeologic implications. In addition, flowmeter loggings and hydraulic packer tests were conducted to further characterize the hydrogeologic system of the site and quantitatively determine the hydraulic properties of major hydrogeologic units. According to the ground resistivity profiles combined with rock core data, the geologic units can be primarily categorized into colluvium and weathered rock at depths of 4-23 m and 23-80 m, respectively. An approximately 20 m shear zone at depths of 45-65 m was found based on the detection outcome of low electrical resistance. Also, according to the borehole electrical logging, the layer of sandstone was identified in the interval of 48-59 m and 68.5-74 m and showed low water-bearing capacity. In addition, the electrical logging identified the layer of shale was in the interval of 59-68.5 m, which possessed a high water-bearing capacity. The velocity profile along the borehole was obtained from the flowmeter logging. A relatively high velocity zone (1.36~2.23 m/min) was measured in the interval of sandstone and relatively low velocity zone (0.12~0.78 m/min) was measured in the interval of shale, which is similar to those found in electrical logging. Moreover, 198 discontinuity planes were identified from the borehole image logging. The orientations of all discontinuities were calculated and compiled to draw a stereographic projection diagram. Judging from the discontinuity clusters on the stereographic projection diagram, a plane failure may possibly occur based on Hoek and Brown's criteria. This is a good demonstration that slope failure geometry and type can be determined by stereographic projection diagram analysis. The borehole images also clearly showed the structures of discontinuities at depth. They not only helped to characterize the results of the above investigation technologies but also provided useful indication in selecting specific geologic intervals for packer tests. The packer tests were conducted and the intervals were isolated based on the results of borehole and flowmeter logging. They indicated that the hydraulic conductivities of the shale and sandstone intervals are respectively 1.37Ã-10-8 m/sec and 2.68Ã-10-5-3.76Ã-10-5 m/sec, which are in good accordance with the hydraulic characteristics inferred by flowmeter logging. The aforementioned investigation results, including the geology units and water-bearing capacity categorized by RIP and electrical logging, velocity and hydraulic conductivity obtained from flowmeter logging and packer test, and discontinuity structures recorded by borehole image logging, were used to clarify the complexity of the subsurface environment and to establish the hydrogeologic conceptual model of the landslide site.

7 CFR 58.317 - Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers... and Grading Service 1 Equipment and Utensils § 58.317 Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers. Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers shall be constructed of aluminum, stainless...

7 CFR 58.317 - Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers... and Grading Service 1 Equipment and Utensils § 58.317 Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers. Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers shall be constructed of aluminum, stainless...

7 CFR 58.317 - Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers... and Grading Service 1 Equipment and Utensils § 58.317 Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers. Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers shall be constructed of aluminum, stainless...

7 CFR 58.317 - Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers... and Grading Service 1 Equipment and Utensils § 58.317 Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers. Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers shall be constructed of aluminum, stainless...

7 CFR 58.317 - Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers... and Grading Service 1 Equipment and Utensils § 58.317 Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers. Bulk butter trucks, boats, texturizers, and packers shall be constructed of aluminum, stainless...

Cyclic injection, storage, and withdrawal of heated water in a sandstone aquifer at St. Paul, Minnesota: Field observations, preliminary model analysis, and aquifer thermal efficiency

USGS Publications Warehouse

Miller, Robert T.

1989-01-01

The Franconia-Ironton-Galesville aquifer is a consolidated sandstone, approximately 60 m thick, the top of which is approximately 180 m below the land surface. It is confined above by the St. Lawrence Formation--a dolomitic sandstone 8-m thick--and below by the Eau Claire Formation--a shale 30-m thick. Initial hydraulic testing with inflatable packers indicated that the aquifer has four hydraulic zones with distinctly different values of relative horizontal hydraulic conductivity. The thickness of each zone was determined by correlating data from geophysical logs, core samples, and the inflatablepacker tests.

9 CFR 201.94 - Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and... STOCKYARDS ACT General § 201.94 Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and dealers. Each packer, swine contractor, live...

9 CFR 201.94 - Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and... STOCKYARDS ACT General § 201.94 Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and dealers. Each packer, swine contractor, live...

9 CFR 201.94 - Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and... STOCKYARDS ACT General § 201.94 Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and dealers. Each packer, swine contractor, live...

9 CFR 201.94 - Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and... STOCKYARDS ACT General § 201.94 Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and dealers. Each packer, swine contractor, live...

9 CFR 201.200 - Sale of livestock to a packer on credit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Sale of livestock to a packer on credit. 201.200 Section 201.200 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... credit to ________, a packer, and I understand that in doing so I will have no rights under the trust...

9 CFR 201.200 - Sale of livestock to a packer on credit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Sale of livestock to a packer on credit. 201.200 Section 201.200 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... credit to ________, a packer, and I understand that in doing so I will have no rights under the trust...

9 CFR 201.200 - Sale of livestock to a packer on credit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Sale of livestock to a packer on credit. 201.200 Section 201.200 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... credit to ________, a packer, and I understand that in doing so I will have no rights under the trust...

9 CFR 201.200 - Sale of livestock to a packer on credit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Sale of livestock to a packer on credit. 201.200 Section 201.200 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... credit to ________, a packer, and I understand that in doing so I will have no rights under the trust...

9 CFR 201.200 - Sale of livestock to a packer on credit.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Sale of livestock to a packer on credit. 201.200 Section 201.200 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... credit to ________, a packer, and I understand that in doing so I will have no rights under the trust...

9 CFR 201.98 - Packers and dealers not to charge, demand, or collect commission, yardage, or other service charges.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Packers and dealers not to charge, demand, or collect commission, yardage, or other service charges. 201.98 Section 201.98 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS...

9 CFR 201.67 - Packers not to own or finance selling agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Packers not to own or finance selling... STOCKYARDS ACT Trade Practices § 201.67 Packers not to own or finance selling agencies. No packer subject to the Act shall have an ownership interest in, finance, or participate in the management or operation of...

9 CFR 201.67 - Packers not to own or finance selling agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Packers not to own or finance selling... STOCKYARDS ACT Trade Practices § 201.67 Packers not to own or finance selling agencies. No packer subject to the Act shall have an ownership interest in, finance, or participate in the management or operation of...

9 CFR 201.67 - Packers not to own or finance selling agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Packers not to own or finance selling... STOCKYARDS ACT Trade Practices § 201.67 Packers not to own or finance selling agencies. No packer subject to the Act shall have an ownership interest in, finance, or participate in the management or operation of...

9 CFR 201.67 - Packers not to own or finance selling agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Packers not to own or finance selling... STOCKYARDS ACT Trade Practices § 201.67 Packers not to own or finance selling agencies. No packer subject to the Act shall have an ownership interest in, finance, or participate in the management or operation of...

9 CFR 203.4 - Statement with respect to the disposition of records by packers, live poultry dealers, stockyard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... disposition of records by packers, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies and dealers. 203.4... STOCKYARDS ACT § 203.4 Statement with respect to the disposition of records by packers, live poultry dealers... Stockyards Act (7 U.S.C. 221) provides, in part, that every packer, live poultry dealer, stockyard owner...

9 CFR 203.7 - Statement with respect to meat packer sales and purchase contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Statement with respect to meat packer... OF GENERAL POLICY UNDER THE PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ACT § 203.7 Statement with respect to meat packer... pay the full purchase price for, or to accept delivery of, their purchases of meat and meat food...

9 CFR 203.7 - Statement with respect to meat packer sales and purchase contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Statement with respect to meat packer... OF GENERAL POLICY UNDER THE PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ACT § 203.7 Statement with respect to meat packer... pay the full purchase price for, or to accept delivery of, their purchases of meat and meat food...

Is surgical decontamination definitive treatment of "body-packers"?

PubMed

Olmedo, R; Nelson, L; Chu, J; Hoffman, R S

2001-11-01

The current recommendations for body-packers are based on packet content, the presence of drug toxicity, or of bowel obstruction. Asymptomatic patients are usually treated with activated charcoal and whole bowel irrigation (WBI). Surgical removal of packets is advocated in symptomatic cocaine body-packers and in those with bowel obstruction. Currently, surgery is regarded as definitive. However, we report 2 body-packers who show the limitations of this technique. These cases show the importance of confirming the absence of drug packets in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract as the definitive end-point in the treatment of body-packers.

Fruit Sorter (agric.; can. & preserv.; whole tr.) 9-68.60; Cherry Sorter 9-68.60; Olive Sorter 9-68.60; Packer (agric.) 9-68.35; Apple Packer 9-68.35; Cherry Packer 9-68.35; Citrus-Fruit Packer 9-68.35; Plum Packer 9-68.35 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

9 CFR 203.2 - Statement of general policy with respect to the giving by meat packers of meat and other gifts to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... respect to the giving by meat packers of meat and other gifts to Government employees. 203.2 Section 203.2... gifts to Government employees. (a) In recent months, the Department has received information, confirmed by investigation, that a number of packers subject to the Packers and Stockyards Act have made gifts...

Imaging Pathways in Fractured Rock Using Three-Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography.

PubMed

Robinson, Judith; Slater, Lee; Johnson, Timothy; Shapiro, Allen; Tiedeman, Claire; Ntarlagiannis, Dimitrios; Johnson, Carole; Day-Lewis, Frederick; Lacombe, Pierre; Imbrigiotta, Thomas; Lane, John

2016-03-01

Major challenges exist in delineating bedrock fracture zones because these cause abrupt changes in geological and hydrogeological properties over small distances. Borehole observations cannot sufficiently capture heterogeneity in these systems. Geophysical techniques offer the potential to image properties and processes in between boreholes. We used three-dimensional cross borehole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) in a 9 m (diameter) × 15 m well field to capture high-resolution flow and transport processes in a fractured mudstone contaminated by chlorinated solvents, primarily trichloroethylene. Conductive (sodium bromide) and resistive (deionized water) injections were monitored in seven boreholes. Electrode arrays with isolation packers and fluid sampling ports were designed to enable acquisition of ERT measurements during pulsed tracer injections. Fracture zone locations and hydraulic pathways inferred from hydraulic head drawdown data were compared with electrical conductivity distributions from ERT measurements. Static ERT imaging has limited resolution to decipher individual fractures; however, these images showed alternating conductive and resistive zones, consistent with alternating laminated and massive mudstone units at the site. Tracer evolution and migration was clearly revealed in time-lapse ERT images and supported by in situ borehole vertical apparent conductivity profiles collected during the pulsed tracer test. While water samples provided important local information at the extraction borehole, ERT delineated tracer migration over spatial scales capturing the primary hydrogeological heterogeneity controlling flow and transport. The fate of these tracer injections at this scale could not have been quantified using borehole logging and/or borehole sampling methods alone. © 2015, National Ground Water Association.

Vertical groundwater flow in Permo-Triassic sediments underlying two cities in the Trent River Basin (UK)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Taylor, R. G.; Cronin, A. A.; Trowsdale, S. A.; Baines, O. P.; Barrett, M. H.; Lerner, D. N.

2003-12-01

The vertical component of groundwater flow that is responsible for advective penetration of contaminants in sandstone aquifers is poorly understood. This lack of knowledge is of particular concern in urban areas where abstraction disrupts natural groundwater flow regimes and there exists an increased density of contaminant sources. Vertical hydraulic gradients that control vertical groundwater flow were investigated using bundled multilevel piezometers and a double-packer assembly in dedicated boreholes constructed to depths of between 50 and 92 m below ground level in Permo-Triassic sediments underlying two cities within the Trent River Basin of central England (Birmingham, Nottingham). The hydrostratigraphy of the Permo-Triassic sediments, indicated by geophysical logging and hydraulic (packer) testing, demonstrates considerable control over observed vertical hydraulic gradients and, hence, vertical groundwater flow. The direction and magnitude of vertical hydraulic gradients recorded in multilevel piezometers and packers are broadly complementary and range, within error, from +0.1 to -0.7. Groundwater is generally found to flow vertically toward transmissive zones within the hydrostratigraphical profile though urban abstraction from the Sherwood Sandstone aquifer also influences observed vertical hydraulic gradients. Bulk, downward Darcy velocities at two locations affected by abstraction are estimated to be in the order of several metres per year. Consistency in the distribution of hydraulic head with depth in Permo-Triassic sediments is observed over a one-year period and adds support the deduction of hydrostratigraphic control over vertical groundwater flow.

Evaluation of borehole geophysical and video logs, at Butz Landfill Superfund Site, Jackson Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Low, Dennis J.; Conger, Randall W.

2001-01-01

Between February 1996 and November 2000, geophysical logging was conducted in 27 open borehole wells in and adjacent to the Butz Landfill Superfund Site, Jackson Township, Monroe County, Pa., to determine casing depth and depths of water-producing zones, water-receiving zones, and zones of vertical borehole flow. The wells range in depth from 57 to 319 feet below land surface. The geophysical logging determined the placement of well screens and packers, which allow monitoring and sampling of water-bearing zones in the fractured bedrock so that the horizontal and vertical distribution of contaminated ground water migrating from known sources could be determined. Geophysical logging included collection of caliper, natural-gamma, single-point-resistance, fluid-resistivity, fluid-temperature, and video logs. Caliper and video logs were used to locate fractures, joints, and weathered zones. Inflections on single-point-resistance, fluid-temperature, and fluid-resistivity logs indicated possible water-bearing fractures, and heatpulse-flowmeter measurements verified these locations. Natural-gamma logs provided information on stratigraphy.

9 CFR 201.99 - Purchase of livestock by packers on a carcass grade, carcass weight, or carcass grade and weight...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Purchase of livestock by packers on a carcass grade, carcass weight, or carcass grade and weight basis. 201.99 Section 201.99 Animals and Animal... livestock by packers on a carcass grade, carcass weight, or carcass grade and weight basis. (a) Each packer...

Proceedings of a pressure transducer-packer workshop, June 25-28, 1991

USGS Publications Warehouse

Latkovich, V. J.

1993-01-01

The U.S. Geological Survey conducted its first Pressure Transducer-Packer Workshop in Denver, Colorado, June 25-28, 1991. Nineteen attendees from the Survey, Environment Canada, academia, and the private sector presented papers concerning their experiences with the use of transducers and packers in hydrogeologic investigations. Workshop partici- pants concluded that fixed-head packers are generally more reliable than other types and that there is a need for a wet/wet transducer for deep wells. The group recommended that simple downhole technology be used, that only rugged commercially available packers be purchased, and that it is imperative electrical connections and transducer electronics be kept dry. (USGS)

75 FR 67682 - Advisory Committee Meeting

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-11-03

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Advisory Committee Meeting AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION: Notice of... notice of the upcoming meeting of the Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA...

7 CFR 1212.16 - Part and subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order...

7 CFR 1212.44 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.44 Procedure...

7 CFR 1212.48 - Reapportionment of Board membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers...

7 CFR 1212.42 - Nominations and appointments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.42...

7 CFR 1212.46 - Powers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.46 Powers. The...

7 CFR 1212.40 - Establishment and membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.40...

7 CFR 1212.2 - Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.2 Board. “Board” or “Honey Packers...

7 CFR 1212.45 - Reimbursement and attendance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.45...

7 CFR 1212.47 - Duties.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.47 Duties. The...

7 CFR 1212.43 - Removal and vacancies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.43...

7 CFR 1212.32 - United States Customs Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers... States Customs and Border Protection, an agency of the Department of Homeland Security. Honey Packers and...

7 CFR 1212.41 - Term of office.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.41 Term of...

7 CFR 1212.48 - Reapportionment of Board membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers... quantity or value of the honey and honey products imported into the United States; and (b) If warranted...

Using borehole geophysics and cross-borehole flow testing to define hydraulic connections between fracture zones in bedrock aquifers

USGS Publications Warehouse

Paillet, Frederick L.

1993-01-01

Nearly a decade of intensive geophysical logging at fractured rock hydrology research sites indicates that geophysical logs can be used to identify and characterize fractures intersecting boreholes. However, borehole-to-borehole flow tests indicate that only a few of the apparently open fractures found to intersect boreholes conduct flow under test conditions. This paper presents a systematic approach to fracture characterization designed to define the distribution of fractures along boreholes, relate the measured fracture distribution to structure and lithology of the rock mass, and define the nature of fracture flow paths across borehole arrays. Conventional electrical resistivity, gamma, and caliper logs are used to define lithology and large-scale structure. Borehole wall image logs obtained with the borehole televiewer are used to give the depth, orientation, and relative size of fractures in situ. High-resolution flowmeter measurements are used to identify fractures conducting flow in the rock mass adjacent to the boreholes. Changes in the flow field over time are used to characterize the hydraulic properties of fracture intersections between boreholes. Application of this approach to an array of 13 boreholes at the Mirror Lake, New Hamsphire site demonstrates that the transient flow analysis can be used to distinguish between fractures communicating with each other between observation boreholes, and those that are hydraulically isolated from each other in the surrounding rock mass. The Mirror Lake results also demonstrate that the method is sensitive to the effects of boreholes on the hydraulic properties of the fractured-rock aquifer. Experiments conducted before and after the drilling of additional boreholes in the array and before and after installation of packers in existing boreholes demonstrate that the presence of new boreholes or the inflation of packers in existing boreholes has a large effect on the measured hydraulic properties of the rock mass surrounding the borehole array. ?? 1993.

Hydraulic Fracture Measurements at Site C0009 of IODP Expedition 319, NanTroSEIZE

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kano, Y.; Ito, T.; Lin, W.; Flemings, P. B.; Boutt, D. F.; Doan, M.; McNeill, L. C.; Byrne, T.; Saffer, D. M.; Araki, E.; Eguchi, N. O.; Takahashi, K.; Toczko, S.; Scientists, E.

2009-12-01

The drilling vessel Chikyu completed the first riser-drilling in IODP history to a depth of 1603 mbsf (meter below seafloor) at Site C0009 in the landward Kumano forearc basin in the Nankai convergent margin, Japan.To measure in situ stress we performed two types of hydraulic fracturing: 1) as part of routine drilling operations, we estimated least principle stress from a leak off test (LOT); and 2) we used Schlumberger’s dual wireline packer, the Modular Dynamics Tester (MDT). Two LOT’s were performed at the base of 20 inch casing (703.9 mbsf) as a part of standard drilling operations; the outer annulus was closed by the blowout preventor (BOP), fluid was pumped at a constant rate of 2.3 m3/s, and pressure was measured at the cement pumps. The leak-off pressures were interpreted to lie at the break in slope in a graph of pressure vs volume-pumped. These values were found to be 30.22 and 30.25 MPa. These leak off pressure is interpreted to record fluids entering hydraulic fractures and is approximately the the least principal stress. There is considerable uncertainty in picking the slopes of the lines to determine the least principal stress (S3). The MDT dual packer tests were carried out at depth of 873.7 and 1532.7 mbsf. The dual packer module isolates a 1-m section of the borehole for testing. Zones free from pre-existing fractures and with near circular hole shape were chosen for the stress measurements. In the HF test at 873.7 m, the pressure cycle was repeated 5 times maintaining flow rate of 20 cm3/s. Periods of each cycles were 80-300 s. We determined the instantaneous shut in pressure to be 34.8 MPa. In the test at 1532.7 m, only one pressure cycle with a flow rate of 20 cm3/s was maintained, which yielded an instantaneous shut in pressure of 41.6 MPa. We interpret the shut-in pressure to record the least principal stress (S3). We do not know the orientation of fractures which were induced or activated by hydraulic fracturing, because no borehole images were taken after the HF tests. S3 at both test depths is less than Sv (the overburden stress). The stress ratio, K = (S3-Ph)/(Sv-Ph) where Ph is the hydrostatic pressure (calculated assuming a pore fluid density of 1023 kg/m3), was 0.44 for LOT and were 0.82 and 0.44, for MDT.

7 CFR 59.200 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., controls, or holds with power to vote, 5 percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of the packer... indirectly controls, or is controlled by or under common control with, the packer. Applicable reporting... from the fact that the swine did not fall within the individual packer's established carcass weight...

Characterizing Hydraulic Properties and Ground-Water Chemistry in Fractured-Rock Aquifers: A User's Manual for the Multifunction Bedrock-Aquifer Transportable Testing Tool (BAT3)

USGS Publications Warehouse

Shapiro, Allen M.

2007-01-01

A borehole testing apparatus has been designed to isolate discrete intervals of a bedrock borehole and conduct hydraulic tests or collect water samples for geochemical analyses. This borehole testing apparatus, referred to as the Multifunction Bedrock-Aquifer Transportable Testing Tool (BAT3), includes two borehole packers, which when inflated can form a pressure-tight seal against smooth borehole walls; a pump apparatus to withdraw water from between the two packers; a fluid-injection apparatus to inject water between the two packers; pressure transducers to monitor fluid pressure between the two packers, as well as above and below the packers; flowmeters to monitor rates of fluid withdrawal or fluid injection; and data-acquisition equipment to record and store digital records from the pressure transducers and flowmeters. The generic design of this apparatus was originally discussed in United States Patent Number 6,761,062 (Shapiro, 2004). The prototype of the apparatus discussed in this report is designed for boreholes that are approximately 6 inches in diameter and can be used to depths of approximately 300 feet below land surface. The apparatus is designed to fit in five hard plastic boxes that can be shipped by overnight freight car-riers. The equipment can be assembled rapidly once it is removed from the shipping boxes, and the length of the test interval (the distance between the two packers) can be adjusted to account for different borehole conditions without reconfiguring the downhole components. The downhole components of the Multifunction BAT3 can be lowered in a borehole using steel pipe or a cable; a truck mounted winch or a winch and tripod can be used for this purpose. The equipment used to raise and lower the downhole components of the Multifunction BAT3 must be supplied on site, along with electrical power, a compressor or cylinders of compressed gas to inflate the packers and operate downhole valves, and the proper length of tubing to connect the packers, the submersible pump, and other downhole components to land surface. Borehole geophysical logging must be conducted prior to deploying the Multifunction BAT3 in bedrock boreholes. In particular, it is important to identify the borehole diameter as a function of depth to avoid placing the packers over rough sections of the borehole, where they may be damaged during inflation. In addition, it is advantageous to identify the location of fractures intersecting the borehole wall, for example, using an acoustic televiewer log or a borehole camera. A knowledge of fracture locations is helpful in designing the length of the test interval and the locations where hydraulic tests and geochemical sampling are to be conducted. The Multifunction BAT3 is configured to conduct both fluid-injection and fluid-withdrawal tests. Fluid-injection tests are used to estimate the hydraulic properties of low-permeability fractures intersecting the borehole. The lower limit of the transmissivity that can be estimated using the configuration of the Multifunction BAT3 described in this report is approximately 10-3 square feet per day (ft2/d). Fluid-withdrawal tests are used to collect water samples for geochemical analyses and estimate the hydraulic properties of high-permeability fractures intersecting the borehole. The Multifunction BAT3 is configured with a submersible pump that can support pumping rates ranging from approximately 0.05 to 2.5 gallons per minute, and the upper limit of the of the transmissivity that can be estimated is approximately 104 ft2/d. The Multifunction BAT3 also can be used to measure the ambient hydraulic head of a section of a bedrock borehole, and to conduct single-hole tracer tests by injecting and later withdrawing a tracer solution.

9 CFR 201.94 - Information as to business; furnishing of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of by packers, swine contractors, live poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and... poultry dealers, stockyard owners, market agencies, and dealers. Each packer, swine contractor, live poultry dealer, stockyard owner, market agency, and dealer, upon proper request, shall give to the...

9 CFR 201.72 - Scales; testing of.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Scales; testing of. 201.72 Section 201.72 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... § 201.72 Scales; testing of. (a) Each stockyard owner, market agency, dealer, packer, or live poultry...

9 CFR 201.72 - Scales; testing of.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Scales; testing of. 201.72 Section 201.72 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... § 201.72 Scales; testing of. (a) Each stockyard owner, market agency, dealer, packer, or live poultry...

78 FR 18305 - Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-03-26

... Stockyard Administration Title: Swine Contract Library. OMB Control Number: 0580-0021. Summary of Collection: The Swine Packer Marketing Contracts, subtitle of the Livestock Mandatory Reporting Act of 1999, amended the Packers and Stockyards Act (P&S Act) to mandate the establishment of a library of swine packer...

Establishment of a definitive protocol for the diagnosis and management of body packers (drug mules).

PubMed

Mandava, Nageswara; Chang, Richard S; Wang, John H; Bertocchi, Michael; Yrad, Jonathan; Allamaneni, Shyam; Aboian, Edouard; Lall, Malini H; Mariano, Rosalind; Richards, Neil

2011-02-01

'Mules' or body packers are people who transport illegal drugs by packet ingestion into the gastrointestinal tract. These people are otherwise healthy and their management should maintain minimal morbidity. In this study, experience with body packers is presented and an algorithm for conservative and surgical management is provided. The clinical patient database for all body packer admissions at Mary Immaculate Hospital of the Caritas Health Care Inc. from 1993 to 2005 was interrogated. 56 patients (4.5%) required admission out of a total of 1250 subjects confirmed to be body packers and apprehended by United State Customs officials at JFK International Airport, New York. The retrieved patient data were analysed retrospectively. 70% of the body packers were men, with a male to female ratio of 2.8 to 1. The mean age was 33 years and 52% were from Columbia. Heroin was the most common illegally transported substance (73%). 25 patients (45%) required surgical intervention, whereas 31 patients (55%) were successfully managed conservatively. Indications for intervention included: bowel obstruction, packet rupture/toxicity, and delayed progression of packet transit on conservative management. Multiple intraoperative manoeuvres were used to remove the foreign bodies: gastrotomy, enterotomy and colotomy. Wound infection was the most common complication and is associated with distal enterotomy and colotomy. Men were more likely to present as body packers than women. Proximal enterotomies are preferred and multiple enterotomies should be avoided. A confirmatory radiological study is needed to demonstrate complete clearance of packets. A systematic protocol for the management of body packers results in minimal morbidity and no mortality.

Geothermal packers and packer elastomers

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hirasuna, A.R.; Stephens, C.A.

1981-10-01

Reliability of thermal packers has been an eternal problem at temperatures beyond the 149 to 177/sup 0/C (300 to 350/sup 0/F) level. High temperature packer elastomer compounds were developed for 260/sup 0/C (500/sup 0/F) environments. Compounds based on four polymer systems were developed which exceed the contract requirements. The Y267 EPDM compound, particularly, has generated interest because of its good performance, economic pricing of constituents and good processability. Several successful downhole and laboratory trials of Y267 EPDM have occurred at moderate and extremely high temperatures. Otis Engineering tested a Y267 packer seal at 302/sup 0/C (575/sup 0/F) for five days.more » The Y267 seal in an Otis packer was subsequently run in a Bakersfield continuous steam injection well at about 204/sup 0/C (400/sup 0/F) for 5 months. The same model packers and elements were run in Union Geothermal wells at the Baca, NM where hydraulic stimulation and diagnostics occurred at 160 to 171/sup 0/C (320 to 340/sup 0/F). Los Alamos National Laboratory tested the Y267 EPDM O-rings for a cablehead. Tests were first run in an autoclave with water and Mobil One oil to temperatures in excess of 340/sup 0/C (644/sup 0/F). The Y267 equipped cablehead was subsequently run at Fenton Hill at 317/sup 0/C (603/sup 0/F). A new casing packer concept for 371/sup 0/C (700/sup 0/F) production service is now undergoing full-scale prototype development.« less

9 CFR 201.32 - Trustee in market agency, dealer and packer bonds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Trustee in market agency, dealer and packer bonds. 201.32 Section 201.32 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... similar trade associations, attorneys at law, banks and trust companies, or their officers, are deemed...

16 CFR 503.3 - Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 16 Commercial Practices 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Name and place of business of manufacturer... LABELING ACT STATEMENTS OF GENERAL POLICY OR INTERPRETATION § 503.3 Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. To clarify the identity of a manufacturer, packer, or distributor for the...

9 CFR 203.7 - Statement with respect to meat packer sales and purchase contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... pay the full purchase price for, or to accept delivery of, their purchases of meat and meat food... attention of the nearest Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards... refused to pay the contractual price for meat or meat food products purchased, (2) has refused to accept a...

9 CFR 203.7 - Statement with respect to meat packer sales and purchase contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... pay the full purchase price for, or to accept delivery of, their purchases of meat and meat food... attention of the nearest Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards... refused to pay the contractual price for meat or meat food products purchased, (2) has refused to accept a...

9 CFR 203.7 - Statement with respect to meat packer sales and purchase contracts.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... pay the full purchase price for, or to accept delivery of, their purchases of meat and meat food... attention of the nearest Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards... refused to pay the contractual price for meat or meat food products purchased, (2) has refused to accept a...

21 CFR 501.5 - Animal food; name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... LABELING General Provisions § 501.5 Animal food; name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or... 21 Food and Drugs 6 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Animal food; name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. 501.5 Section 501.5 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION...

9 CFR 203.18 - Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock. 203.18 Section 203.18 Animals and Animal Products... are fully advised of the common ties between the feedlot and the packer, and of their rights and...

9 CFR 203.18 - Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock. 203.18 Section 203.18 Animals and Animal Products... are fully advised of the common ties between the feedlot and the packer, and of their rights and...

9 CFR 203.18 - Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock. 203.18 Section 203.18 Animals and Animal Products... are fully advised of the common ties between the feedlot and the packer, and of their rights and...

9 CFR 203.18 - Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock. 203.18 Section 203.18 Animals and Animal Products... are fully advised of the common ties between the feedlot and the packer, and of their rights and...

Summary of hydrologic testing of the Floridan aquifer system at Hunter Army Airfield, Chatham County, Georgia

USGS Publications Warehouse

Williams, Lester J.

2010-01-01

A 1,168-foot deep test well was completed at Hunter Army Airfield in the summer of 2009 to investigate the potential of using the Lower Floridan aquifer as a source of water supply to satisfy increased needs as a result of base expansion and increased troop levels. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted hydrologic testing at the test site including flowmeter surveys, packer-slug tests, and aquifer tests of the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers. Flowmeter surveys were completed at different stages of well construction to determine the depth and yield of water-bearing zones and to identify confining beds that separate the main producing aquifers. During a survey when the borehole was open to both the upper and lower aquifers, five water-bearing zones in the Upper Floridan aquifer supplied 83.5 percent of the total pumpage, and five water-bearing zones in the Lower Floridan aquifer supplied the remaining 16.5 percent. An upward gradient was indicated from the ambient flowmeter survey: 7.6 gallons per minute of groundwater was detected entering the borehole between 750 and 1,069 feet below land surface, then moved upward, and exited the borehole into lower-head zones between 333 and 527 feet below land surface. During a survey of the completed Lower Floridan well, six distinct water-producing zones were identified; one 17-foot-thick zone at 768-785 feet below land surface yielded 47.9 percent of the total pumpage while the remaining five zones yielded between 2 and 15 percent each. The thickness and hydrologic properties of the confining unit separating the Upper and Lower Floridan aquifers were determined from packer tests and flowmeter surveys. This confining unit, which is composed of rocks of Middle Eocene age, is approximately 160 feet thick with horizontal hydraulic conductivities determined from four slug tests to range from 0.2 to 3 feet per day. Results of two separate slug tests within the middle confining unit were both 2 feet per day. Aquifer testing indicated the Upper Floridan aquifer had a transmissivity of 40,000 feet squared per day, and the Lower Floridan aquifer had a transmissivity of 10,000 feet squared per day. An aquifer test conducted on the combined aquifer system, when the test well was open from 333 to 1,112 feet, gave a transmissivity of 50,000 feet squared per day. Additionally, during the 72-hour test of the Lower Floridan aquifer, a drawdown response was observed in the Upper Floridan aquifer wells.

7 CFR 1212.1 - Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

9 CFR 203.2 - Statement of general policy with respect to the giving by meat packers of meat and other gifts to...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... respect to the giving by meat packers of meat and other gifts to Government employees. 203.2 Section 203.2... ACT § 203.2 Statement of general policy with respect to the giving by meat packers of meat and other... of meat to Government employees responsible for conducting service activities of the Department. Such...

7 CFR 1212.29 - State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.28 - Suspend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.30 - Terminate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.4 - Department.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.25 - Referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.86 - Separability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.87 - Amendments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.17 - Person.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

Project Plan: Salt in Situ Heater Test.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Kuhlman, Kristopher L.; Mills, Melissa Marie; Herrick, Courtney G.

This project plan gives a high-level description of the US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) Spent Fuel and Waste Disposition (SFWD) campaign in situ borehole heater test project being planned for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) site This plan provides an overview of the schedule and responsibilities of the parties involved. This project is a collaborative effort by Sandia, Los Alamos, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories to execute a series of small-diameter borehole heater tests in salt for the DOE-NE SFWD campaign. Design of a heater test in salt at WIPP has evolved over several years.more » The current design was completed in fiscal year 2017 (FY17), an equipment shakedown experiment is underway in April FY18, and the test implementation will begin in summer of FY18. The project comprises a suite of modular tests, which consist of a group of nearby boreholes in the wall of drifts at WIPP. Each test is centered around a packer-isolated heated borehole (5" diameter) containing equipment for water-vapor collection and brine sampling, surrounded by smaller-diameter (2" diameter) satellite observation boreholes. Observation boreholes will contain temperature sensors, tracer release points, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) sensors, fiber optic sensing, and acoustic emission (AE) measurements, and sonic velocity sources and sensors. These satellite boreholes will also be used for plugging/sealing tests. The first two tests to be implemented will have the packer-isolated borehole heated to 120°C, with one observation borehole used to monitor changes. Follow-on tests will be designed using information gathered from the first two tests, will be conducted at other temperatures, will use multiple observation boreholes, and may include other measurement types and test designs.« less

7 CFR 1212.31 - United States.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.61 - Independent evaluation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.72 - Confidential treatment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.54 - Operating reserve.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.85 - Personal liability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.51 - Financial statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.7 - Fiscal period.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.88 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.82 - Suspension or termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.3 - Conflict of interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.18 - Plans and programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

Casing Tier 529.887-020; Sausage Packer; Skin Peeler 525.884-050; Sliced-Bacon Packer II; Packer 920.887-114 -- Technical Report on Standardization of the General Aptitude Test Battery.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Manpower Administration (DOL), Washington, DC. U.S. Training and Employment Service.

The United States Training and Employment Service General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB), first published in 1947, has been included in a continuing program of research to validate the tests against success in many different occupations. The GATB consists of 12 tests which measure nine aptitudes: General Learning Ability; Verbal Aptitude; Numerical…

7 CFR 1212.84 - Effect of termination or amendment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers...

7 CFR 1212.80 - Right of the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.23 - Qualified national organization representing producer interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order...

7 CFR 1212.22 - Qualified national organization representing importer interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order...

7 CFR 1212.24 - Qualified national organization representing cooperative interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry...

7 CFR 1212.62 - Patents, copyrights, inventions, product formulations, and publications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry...

7 CFR 1212.21 - Qualified national organization representing first handler interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

...), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry...

Yatesville Lake, Big Sandy River Basin, Blaine Creek, Kentucky. Foundation Report. Construction of Dam and Appurtenant Works, Phase 2. Volume 1

DTIC Science & Technology

1990-09-01

and grouting were performed from the rock surface using expandable-air packers . Grouting was performed by injecting, into a hole, a neat grout ( cement ...Water & cement type I & II Mix: ........................... 6:1 to 0.75:1 Connection: .................... Air packer , close to surface...pressure tested then backfilled. The holes were hydraulic-pressure tested with a single air- expanding packer near the surface at 5 psi gauge pressure. If

Characterization Efforts in a Deep Borehole Field Test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kuhlman, K. L.; Sassani, D.; Freeze, G. A.; Hardin, E. L.; Brady, P. V.

2016-12-01

The US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy is embarking on a Deep Borehole Field Test to investigate the feasibility of constructing and characterizing two boreholes in crystalline basement rock to a depth of 5 km (16,400 ft). The concept of deep borehole disposal for radioactive waste has some advantages, including incremental construction and loading and the enhanced natural barriers provided by deep continental crystalline basement. Site characterization activities will include geomechanical (i.e., hydrofracture stress measurements), geological (i.e., core and mud logging), hydrological (i.e., packer-based pulse and pumping tests), and chemical (i.e., fluids sampled in situ from packer intervals and extracted from cores) tests. Borehole-based characterization will be used to determine the variability of system state (i.e., stress, pressure, temperature, and chemistry) with depth and interpretation of material and system parameters relevant to numerical site simulation. We explore the effects fluid density and geothermal temperature gradients (i.e., thermohaline convection) have on characterization goals in light of expected downhole conditions, including a disturbed rock zone surrounding the borehole. Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the US Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000.

7 CFR 1212.5 - Exporter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... person who exports honey or honey products from the United States. ...

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Daniels, W.J.; Donohue, M.T.; Singal, M.

Environmental and brathing zone samples were analyzed for di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate, hydrogen-chloride, cyclohexanol, dicyclohexyl-phthalate, phthalic-anhydride, and total particulates at Ashland Super Valu, Ashland, Wisconsin in June, 1984. The evaluation was requested by a company representative due to complaints of respiratory problems by one of the meat department employees. Four meat department employees were interviewed. The authors conclude that it is not possible to determine whether or not the symptoms reported by the meat packer are due to emissions from heated meat wrap or label adhesive. Recommendations included not operating the cool rod cutter at a temperature above 280 degrees-F and installing localmore » exhaust ventilation.« less

Fatal heroin intoxication in body packers in northern Thailand during the last decade: two case reports.

PubMed

Sribanditmongkol, Pongruk; Supasingsiripreecha, Wiroon; Thampitak, Subharat; Junkuy, Anongphan

2006-01-01

A body packer is an important means of drug trafficking. While drug packets are inside the body, they can leak or rupture causing acute substance toxicity. Most of the reports of body packer syndrome have come from Europe and North America, which are destination targets. In the present study, the authors reported two cases of fatal heroin body packers from the northern part of Thailand. Both cases were foreign tourists who came to Chiang Mai and stayed in a hotel or a guesthouse room in which the deaths occurred. The autopsy findings revealed rupturing of heroin packages in the stomach. The packaging used in both cases was not sophisticated. The powder was packed inside condoms without extra covering, as observed in some other professional packers. The amount of heroin transported was about 30-50 gm. The purity of heroin in this powder was about 50-90%. Their destinations were their home countries and not directly to Europe or North America. Deaths occurred just prior to their return. The cause of death was a heroin overdose. A significant level of heroin metabolites, 6-MAM and morphine were detected in the blood and urine.

7 CFR 1212.12 - Importer-Handler Representative.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....12 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers...

7 CFR 1212.32 - United States Customs Service.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....32 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers...

7 CFR 1212.83 - Proceedings after termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....83 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers...

Evaluation of geophysical logs, Phase II, November 1998 to May 1999, at Crossley Farms Superfund Site, Berks County, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Conger, Randall W.

2000-01-01

Between November 1998 and May 1999, geophysical logging was conducted in 29 boreholes at the Crossley Farms Superfund Site, Hereford Township, Berks County, Pa., to determine the fluidproducing zones, fluid-receiving zones, zones of vertical borehole flow, and casing depth. The wells range in depth from 96 to 500 feet below land surface. Gamma logs only were collected in three bedrock wells. The geophysical logging determined the placement of well screens and packers, which allow monitoring and sampling of water-bearing zones in the fractured bedrock so that the horizontal and vertical distribution of contaminated ground water migrating from known sources could be determined. Geophysical logging included collection of caliper, video, fluid-temperature, fluid-resistivity, single-point-resistance, natural-gamma, fluid-flow, and acoustic-televiewer logs. Caliper and video logs were used to locate fractures, joints, and weathered zones. Inflections on fluidtemperature and fluid-resistivity logs indicated possible water-bearing fractures, and flowmeter measurements verified these locations. Single-point-resistance and natural-gamma logs provided information on stratigraphy. After interpretation of geophysical, video logs, and drillers notes, 24 of the wells were reconstructed such that water levels can be monitored and water samples collected from discrete water-bearing fractures in each well.

Geophysical Logs, Aquifer Tests, and Water Levels in Wells in and Near the North Penn Area 7 Superfund Site, Upper Gwynedd Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 2002-2006

USGS Publications Warehouse

Senior, Lisa A.; Conger, Randall W.; Bird, Philip H.

2008-01-01

Ground water in the vicinity of several industrial facilities in Upper Gwynedd Township and Lansdale Borough, Montgomery County, Pa., is contaminated with several volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The 2-square-mile area was placed on the National Priorities List as the North Penn Area 7 Superfund Site by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 1989. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted geophysical logging, aquifer testing, water-level monitoring, and streamflow measurements in the vicinity of North Penn Area 7 from October 2002 through December 2006. This followed work that began in 2000 to assist the USEPA in developing an understanding of the hydrogeologic framework in the area as part of the USEPA Remedial Investigation. The study area is underlain by Triassic- and Jurassic-age sandstones, siltstones, and shales of the Lockatong Formation and the Brunswick Group. Regionally, these rocks strike northeast and dip to the northwest. The sequence of rocks form fractured-rock aquifers that act as a set of confined to semi-confined layered aquifers of differing permeabilities. The aquifers are recharged by precipitation and discharge to streams and wells. The Wissahickon Creek headwaters are less than 1 mile northeast of the study area. This stream flows southwest approximately parallel to strike and bisects North Penn Area 7. Ground water is pumped in the vicinity of North Penn Area 7 for industrial use and public supply. The USGS collected geophysical logs for 42 wells that ranged in depth from 40 to 477 ft. Aquifer-interval-isolation testing was done in 17 of the 42 wells, for a total of 122 zones tested. A multiple-well aquifer test was conducted by monitoring the response of 14 wells to pumping and shutdown of a 600-ft deep production well in November-December 2004. In addition, water levels were monitored continuously in four wells in the area from October 2002 through September 2006, and streamflow was measured quarterly at two sites on Wissahickon Creek from December 2002 through September 2005. Geophysical logging identified water-bearing zones associated with high-angle fractures and bedding-plane openings throughout the depth of the boreholes. Heatpulse-flowmeter measurements under non-pumping, ambient conditions in 16 wells greater than 200 ft in depth indicated that borehole flow, where detected, was only upward in 2 wells and only downward in 5 wells. In nine wells, both upward and downward flow were measured. Geologic structure and pumping in the area affect the spatial distribution of vertical gradients. Heatpulse-flowmeter measurements under pumping conditions were used to identify the most productive intervals in wells. Correlation of natural-gamma-ray logs indicated bedding in the area probably strikes about 45 to 65 degrees northeast and dips about 9 degrees northwest. Aquifer intervals isolated by inflatable packers in 17 wells were pumped to test productivity of water-bearing zones and to collect samples to determine chemical quality of water produced from the interval. Interval-isolation testing confirmed the vertical hydraulic gradients indicated by heatpulse-flowmeter measurements. The specific capacities of the 122 isolated intervals ranged over about three orders of magnitude, from 0.01 to 10.6 gallons per minute per foot, corresponding to calculated transmissivities of 1.2 to 2,290 feet squared per day. Intervals adjacent to isolated pumped intervals commonly showed little response to pumping of the isolated zone. The presence of vertical hydraulic gradients and lack of adjacent-interval response to pumping in isolated intervals indicate a limited degree of vertical hydraulic connection between the aquifer sections tested. Differences were apparent in inorganic water quality of water from isolated intervals, including pH, specific conductance, and dissolved oxygen. Concentrations of most VOC contaminants in most wells with predominantly upward vertical gradients were g

7 CFR 1212.24 - Qualified national organization representing cooperative interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry...

7 CFR 1212.44 - Procedure.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.44 Procedure...

9 CFR 201.61 - Market agencies selling or purchasing livestock on commission; relationships with dealers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF... association with dealers or other buyers which has a tendency to lessen the loyalty of the market agency to...

9 CFR 203.4 - Statement with respect to the disposition of records by packers, live poultry dealers, stockyard...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... packer may be disposed of after one year: cutting tests; departmental transfers; buyers' estimates; drive..., plants, etc.); buying or selling pricing instructions and price lists; correspondence; telegrams...

7 CFR 1212.81 - Referenda.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... first handlers and importers of honey or honey products favor the continuation, suspension, or...

Method of well testing

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Ringgenberg, P.D.; Burris, W.J.

1988-06-28

A method is described of flow testing a formation in a wellbore, comprising: providing a testing string including at least one annulus pressure responsive tool bore closure valve; providing a packer and setting the packer in the wellbore to seal thereacross; running the testing string into the wellbore with the tool bore closure valve in an open position; stinging into the set packer with the bottom of the testing string; increasing pressure a first time in the wellbore annulus around the testing string and above the set packer without cycling the tool bore closure valve; reducing pressure in the wellboremore » annulus; closing the tool bore closure valve responsive to the pressure reduction; increasing pressure a second time in the wellbore annulus; reopening the tool bore closure valve responsive to the second increase; and flowing fluids from the formation through the reopened tool bore closure valve.« less

Hydrogeological characterization of shallow-depth zone for CO2 injection and leak test at a CO2 environmental monitoring site in Korea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lee, S. S.; Kim, T. W.; Kim, H. H.; Ha, S. W.; Jeon, W. T.; Lee, K. K.

2015-12-01

The main goal of the this study is to evaluate the importance of heterogeneities in controlling the field-scale transport of CO2 are originated from the CO2 injected at saturated zone below the water table for monitoring and prediction of CO2 leakage from a reservoir. Hydrogeological and geophysical data are collected to characterize the site, prior to conducting CO2 injection experiment at the CO2 environmental monitoring site at Eumseong, Korea. The geophysical data were acquired from borehole electromagnetic flowmeter tests, while the hydraulic data were obtained from pumping tests, slug tests, and falling head permeability tests. Total of 13 wells to perform hydraulic and geophysical test are established along groundwater flow direction in regular sequence, revealed by the results of borehole electromagnetic flowmeter test. The results of geophysical tests indicated that hydraulic gradient is not identical with the topographic gradient. Groundwater flows toward the uphill direction in the study area. Then, the hydraulic tests were conducted to identify the hydraulic properties of the study site. According to the results of pumping and slug tests at the study site, the hydraulic conductivity values show ranges between 4.75 x 10-5 cm/day and 9.74 x 10-5 cm/day. In addition, a portable multi-level sampling and monitoring packer device which remains inflated condition for a long period developed and used to isolate designated depths to identify vertical distribution of hydrogeological characteristics. Hydrogeological information obtained from this study will be used to decide the injection test interval of CO2-infused water and gaseous CO2. Acknowledgement: Financial support was provided by "R&D Project on Environmental Mangement of Geologic CO2 Storage" from the KEITI (Project Number: 2014001810003).

7 CFR 1212.43 - Removal and vacancies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.43...

7 CFR 1212.62 - Patents, copyrights, inventions, product formulations, and publications.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry...

7 CFR 1212.2 - Board.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.2 Board. “Board” or “Honey Packers...

7 CFR 1212.40 - Establishment and membership.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.40...

7 CFR 1212.22 - Qualified national organization representing importer interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order...

7 CFR 1212.23 - Qualified national organization representing producer interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order...

7 CFR 1212.21 - Qualified national organization representing first handler interests.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry...

7 CFR 1212.26 - Research.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Research. 1212.26 Section 1212.26 Agriculture... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.26 - Research.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Research. 1212.26 Section 1212.26 Agriculture... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.26 - Research.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Research. 1212.26 Section 1212.26 Agriculture... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.26 - Research.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Research. 1212.26 Section 1212.26 Agriculture... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.26 - Research.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Research. 1212.26 Section 1212.26 Agriculture... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

21 CFR 133.10 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... foods. 133.10 Section 133.10 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN... § 133.10 Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized...

7 CFR 1212.60 - Programs, plans and projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research... including consumer and industry information, and advertising designed to strengthen the honey industry's...

7 CFR 1212.60 - Programs, plans and projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research... including consumer and industry information, and advertising designed to strengthen the honey industry's...

7 CFR 1212.60 - Programs, plans and projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research... including consumer and industry information, and advertising designed to strengthen the honey industry's...

7 CFR 1212.60 - Programs, plans and projects.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research... including consumer and industry information, and advertising designed to strengthen the honey industry's...

9 CFR 204.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont) Omaha—909 Livestock Exchange Building..., Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards Programs); review and evaluation of program... books, records, and reports of persons subject to the Act; conduct investigations to determine the...

7 CFR 1212.20 - Promotion.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... honey products to the public and food industry with the intent of improving the perception and... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.20 - Promotion.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... honey products to the public and food industry with the intent of improving the perception and... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.15 - Order.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.15 Order. “Order” means the Honey...

7 CFR 1212.83 - Proceedings after termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers..., to one or more honey industry organizations in the interest of continuing honey promotion, research...

7 CFR 1212.52 - Assessments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... per pound of domestically produced honey or honey products the first handler handles. A producer shall...

7 CFR 1212.100 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH.... Referenda to determine whether eligible first handlers and importers of honey and honey products favor the issuance, continuance, amendment, suspension, or termination of the Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.9 - Honey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Honey. 1212.9 Section 1212.9 Agriculture Regulations... ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 989.14 - Packer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Packer. 989.14 Section 989.14 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RAISINS PRODUCED FROM GRAPES GROWN IN...

7 CFR 989.14 - Packer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Packer. 989.14 Section 989.14 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RAISINS PRODUCED FROM GRAPES GROWN IN...

7 CFR 989.14 - Packer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Packer. 989.14 Section 989.14 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RAISINS PRODUCED FROM GRAPES GROWN IN...

7 CFR 989.14 - Packer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 8 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Packer. 989.14 Section 989.14 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; FRUITS, VEGETABLES, NUTS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RAISINS PRODUCED FROM GRAPES GROWN IN...

7 CFR 1212.10 - Honey products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Honey products. 1212.10 Section 1212.10 Agriculture... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion...

7 CFR 1212.70 - Reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... necessary to perform its duties. (b) First handlers must report: (1) The total quantity of honey and honey...

7 CFR 1212.8 - Handle.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion..., package, sell, transport, purchase or in any other way place honey or honey products, or causes them to be...

7 CFR 1212.55 - Prohibition on use of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research... behalf of honey or honey products. (4) Any advertising, including promotion, research and information...

Characteristic imaging features of body packers: a pictorial essay.

PubMed

Ab Hamid, Suzana; Abd Rashid, Saiful Nizam; Mohd Saini, Suraini

2012-06-01

The drug-trafficking business has risen tremendously because of the current increased demand for illegal narcotics. The smugglers conceal the drugs in their bodies (body packers) in order to bypass the tight security at international borders. A suspected body packer will normally be sent to the hospital for imaging investigations to confirm the presence of drugs in the body. Radiologists, therefore, need to be familiar with and able to identify drug packets within the human body because they shoulder the legal responsibilities. This pictorial essay describes the characteristic imaging features of drug packets within the gastrointestinal tract.

9 CFR 204.5 - Indexes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Indexes. 204.5 Section 204.5 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.5 Indexes...

9 CFR 204.7 - Appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Appeals. 204.7 Section 204.7 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.7 Appeals. Any...

9 CFR 204.5 - Indexes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Indexes. 204.5 Section 204.5 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.5 Indexes...

9 CFR 204.5 - Indexes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Indexes. 204.5 Section 204.5 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.5 Indexes...

9 CFR 204.7 - Appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Appeals. 204.7 Section 204.7 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.7 Appeals. Any...

9 CFR 204.7 - Appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Appeals. 204.7 Section 204.7 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.7 Appeals. Any...

9 CFR 204.7 - Appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Appeals. 204.7 Section 204.7 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.7 Appeals. Any...

9 CFR 204.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.2 Organization. (a) The Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards Programs... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Organization. 204.2 Section 204.2...

9 CFR 204.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.2 Organization. (a) The Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards Programs... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Organization. 204.2 Section 204.2...

9 CFR 204.5 - Indexes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Indexes. 204.5 Section 204.5 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.5 Indexes...

9 CFR 204.2 - Organization.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.2 Organization. (a) The Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (Packers and Stockyards Programs... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Organization. 204.2 Section 204.2...

9 CFR 204.5 - Indexes.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Indexes. 204.5 Section 204.5 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.5 Indexes...

9 CFR 204.7 - Appeals.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Appeals. 204.7 Section 204.7 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.7 Appeals. Any...

9 CFR 201.218 - Arbitration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Arbitration. 201.218 Section 201.218 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... the contract in bold conspicuous print: “Right to Decline Arbitration. A poultry grower, livestock...

9 CFR 201.218 - Arbitration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Arbitration. 201.218 Section 201.218 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... the contract in bold conspicuous print: “Right to Decline Arbitration. A poultry grower, livestock...

9 CFR 201.218 - Arbitration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Arbitration. 201.218 Section 201.218 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... the contract in bold conspicuous print: “Right to Decline Arbitration. A poultry grower, livestock...

9 CFR 205.106 - Farm products.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Farm products. 205.106 Section 205.106 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE CLEAR TITLE-PROTECTION FOR PURCHASERS OF FARM PRODUCTS...

77 FR 65855 - Cancellation of Indianapolis Grain Inspection & Weighing Service, Inc. Designation; Selection of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-10-31

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Cancellation of Indianapolis Grain Inspection & Weighing Service, Inc. Designation; Selection of Interim Provider; Opportunity for Designation in the Indianapolis, IN Area AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards...

9 CFR 203.8-203.9 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 203.8-203.9 Section 203.8-203.9 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... ACT §§ 203.8-203.9 [Reserved] ...

7 CFR 1212.11 - Importer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... person who imports for sale honey or honey products into the United States as a principal or as an agent...

7 CFR 1212.14 - Market or marketing.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research...) “Marketing” means the sale or other disposition of honey or honey products in any channel of commerce. (b...

7 CFR 1212.12 - Importer-Handler Representative.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers... importer and first handler, who must import at least 75 percent of the honey they market in the United...

7 CFR 1212.19 - Producer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... person who is engaged in the production and sale of honey in any State and who owns, or shares the...

77 FR 2266 - Request for Extension and Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-01-17

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Request for Extension and Revision of a Currently Approved Information Collection AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and...- year extension and revision of a currently approved information collection for ``Export Inspection and...

75 FR 16641 - Swine Contract Library

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-02

...-AB06 Swine Contract Library AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA... Library (SCL). The statutory authority for the library lapsed on September 30, 2005. On October 5, 2006... maintenance of a library of marketing contracts offered by certain packers to producers for the purchase of...

9 CFR 205.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Definitions. 205.1 Section 205.1 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws, and in effect in most States...

9 CFR 201.3 - Authority.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Authority. 201.3 Section 201.3 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS....3 Authority. The Administrator shall perform such duties as the Secretary may require in enforcing...

7 CFR 1212.45 - Reimbursement and attendance.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Honey Packers and Importers Board § 1212.45... compensation but will be reimbursed for reasonable travel expenses, as approved by the Board, that they incur...

77 FR 66578 - Cancellation of Indianapolis Grain Inspection & Weighing Service, Inc. Designation; Selection of...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-11-06

... Indianapolis Grain Inspection & Weighing Service, Inc. Designation; Selection of Interim Provider; Opportunity for Designation in the Indianapolis, IN Area; Correction AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION: Notice; correction. SUMMARY: The USDA, Grain Inspection, Packers and...

Improved Characterization of Groundwater Flow in Heterogeneous Aquifers Using Granular Polyacrylamide (PAM) Gel as Temporary Grout

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Klepikova, Maria V.; Roques, Clement; Loew, Simon; Selker, John

2018-02-01

The range of options for investigation of hydraulic behavior of aquifers from boreholes has been limited to rigid, cumbersome packers, and inflatable sleeves. Here we show how a new temporary borehole sealing technique using soft grains of polyacrylamide (PAM) gel as a sealing material can be used to investigate natural groundwater flow dynamics and discuss other possible applications of the technology. If no compressive stress is applied, the gel packing, with a permeability similar to open gravel, suppresses free convection, allowing for local temperature measurements and chemical sampling through free-flowing gel packing. Active heating laboratory and field experiments combined with temperature measurements along fiber optic cables were conducted in water-filled boreholes and boreholes filled with soft grains of polyacrylamide gel. The gel packing is shown to minimize the effect of free convection within the well column and enable detection of thin zones of relatively high or low velocity in a highly transmissive alluvial aquifer, thus providing a significant improvement compared to temperature measurements in open boreholes. Laboratory experiments demonstrate that under modest compressive stress to the gel media the permeability transitions from highly permeable to nearly impermeable grouting. Under this configuration the gel packing could potentially allow for monitoring local response pressure from the formation with all other locations in the borehole hydraulically isolated.

21 CFR 133.10 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized process cheese, cheese food, cheese spread, and related... SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS General Provisions § 133.10 Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized...

21 CFR 133.10 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized process cheese, cheese food, cheese spread, and related... SERVICES (CONTINUED) FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION CHEESES AND RELATED CHEESE PRODUCTS General Provisions § 133.10 Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of pasteurized blended cheese, pasteurized...

9 CFR 201.1 - Meaning of words.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Meaning of words. 201.1 Section 201.1 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... plural, and vice versa, as the case may demand. [19 FR 4524, July 22, 1954] ...

76 FR 31579 - Designation for the State of Georgia and State of Montana Areas

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-01

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Designation for the State of Georgia and State of Montana Areas AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards... the United States Grain Standards Act, as amended (USGSA). DATES: Effective Date: July 1, 2011...

76 FR 58241 - Designation for the Aberdeen, SD; Decatur, IL; Hastings, NE; Fulton, IL; the State of Missouri...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-20

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Designation for... Carolina Areas AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: GIPSA is announcing the designation of Aberdeen Grain Inspection, Inc. (Aberdeen); Decatur Grain...

Prognosis of cocaine body-packers.

PubMed

de Prost, Nicolas; Lefebvre, Aurélie; Questel, Frank; Roche, Nicolas; Pourriat, Jean-Louis; Huchon, Gérard; Rabbat, Antoine

2005-07-01

To study the prognosis and complications of cocaine body-packing (concealment of cocaine in the body for transportation between countries). We retrospectively reviewed the files of all cocaine body-packers hospitalized during a 4-year period in a medico-judiciary emergency unit. Subjects included in the survey were identified from the hospital databases using ICD-10 codes. The Medico-Judiciary Emergency Unit of Hôtel-Dieu university hospital in Paris is a unique medical and surgical emergency unit receiving all patients in legal custody arrested at the two Paris international airports and suspected of body-packing. All the cases of cocaine body-packers (n=581) hospitalized between January 1999 and December 2002 were studied. They had been arrested at Paris airports while arriving from drug-producing countries. The mean number of carried packets was 70.0+/-20.4 (range 18-150). The mean duration of hospitalization was 5.0+/-1.6 days (range 1-18). No complication occurred in 573 body-packers cases. Eight subjects developed a complication requiring admission to an intensive care unit: six acute cocaine intoxications due to packet rupture and two intestinal occlusions. No one died. Surgical treatment was necessary in six cases. Good prognosis observed in these body-packers cases is due to the careful monitoring of asymptomatic patients, allowing early detection and treatment of complications. Surgical removal of the packets when complication occurs is warranted.

76 FR 318 - Designation for the Columbus, OH; Dallas, TX; and Decatur, IN Areas

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-04

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Designation for the Columbus, OH; Dallas, TX; and Decatur, IN Areas AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards... Location: Bucyrus, OH. Gulf Country Dallas, TX (214-500-5212)..... 1/1/2011 12/31/2011 Northeast Indiana...

A bill to amend the Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921, to make it unlawful for a packer to own, feed, or control livestock intended for slaughter.

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Sen. Grassley, Chuck [R-IA

2012-02-29

Senate - 02/29/2012 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

76 FR 15936 - Designation for the Owensboro, KY; Bloomington, IL; Iowa Falls, IA; Casa Grande, AZ; Fargo, ND...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-22

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Designation for the Owensboro, KY; Bloomington, IL; Iowa Falls, IA; Casa Grande, AZ; Fargo, ND; Grand Forks, ND; and Plainview, TX Areas AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION: Notice...

75 FR 56911 - Request for Public Comment on the United States Standards for Rough Rice, Brown Rice for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-17

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration 7 CFR Part 868... Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA) is... Milled Rice under the Agriculture Marketing Act of 1946 (AMA). Since the standards were last revised...

9 CFR 205.205 - Fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Fees. 205.205 Section 205.205 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS... can be set in any manner provided by the law of the State in which such EFS is filed. The basis for...

9 CFR 202.121 - Rule 21: Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Rule 21: Intervention. 202.121 Section 202.121 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS...: Intervention. At any time after docketing of a proceeding and before commencement of a hearing, oral or written...

9 CFR 202.121 - Rule 21: Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Rule 21: Intervention. 202.121 Section 202.121 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS...: Intervention. At any time after docketing of a proceeding and before commencement of a hearing, oral or written...

9 CFR 202.121 - Rule 21: Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rule 21: Intervention. 202.121 Section 202.121 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS...: Intervention. At any time after docketing of a proceeding and before commencement of a hearing, oral or written...

9 CFR 202.121 - Rule 21: Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Rule 21: Intervention. 202.121 Section 202.121 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS...: Intervention. At any time after docketing of a proceeding and before commencement of a hearing, oral or written...

9 CFR 202.121 - Rule 21: Intervention.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Rule 21: Intervention. 202.121 Section 202.121 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS...: Intervention. At any time after docketing of a proceeding and before commencement of a hearing, oral or written...

9 CFR 202.104 - Rule 4: Agency action.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Rule 4: Agency action. 202.104 Section 202.104 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS... parties to an amicable or informal adjustment of the matter by communication with the parties or their...

9 CFR 202.104 - Rule 4: Agency action.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rule 4: Agency action. 202.104 Section 202.104 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS... parties to an amicable or informal adjustment of the matter by communication with the parties or their...

75 FR 41693 - Export Inspection and Weighing Waiver for High Quality Specialty Grains Transported in Containers

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-19

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration 7 CFR Part 800... Agriculture's (USDA) Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA) is issuing an interim... and individual elevator operators shipping less than 15,000 metric tons during the current and...

75 FR 29310 - Designation for the Muncie, IN; Fremont, NE; Maryland; and West Lafayette, IN Areas

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-25

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Designation for the Muncie, IN; Fremont, NE; Maryland; and West Lafayette, IN Areas AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers... the following organizations to provide official services under the United States Grain Standards Act...

76 FR 317 - Opportunity for Designation in the State of Georgia and State of Montana Areas; Request for...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-04

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Opportunity for... Servicing These Areas AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION: Notice....gov . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section 7(f)(1) of the United States Grain Standards Act (USGSA) (7 U...

A New Approach for Very Large Broadband Geophysical Monitoring of rock Deformations Into Deep Boreholes: The "High-Pulse Poroelasticity Protocol" (HPPP)

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Guglielmi, Y.; Cappa, F.; Virieux, J.; Rutqvist, J.; Tsang, C.

2007-12-01

We present a new approach, called the "High-Pulse Poroelasticity Protocol" (HPPP), for a very large broadband geophysical monitoring of rock deformations into deep boreholes (from 200 m to 1 km depth). The HPPP consists in developing an innovative probe that allows the hydromechanical loading of rocks with synchronous fluid pressure - 3D deformations (translational components along and in the orthogonal plan of the borehole axis, and rotational components along the longitudinal axis) - seismic wave measurements over a broadband of frequencies (from static to dynamic [1-1,000 Hz]). In this protocol, the rock is subjected to a controlled source corresponding to a fast (few seconds) hydraulic pressure pulse (pressure wave) localized into a short injection chamber (from 1 to 3 m) which is isolated between two inflatable packers in a borehole. In the chamber, measurements are done with fibre-optic and acoustic sensors that makes possible to use a wide range of frequencies (1-1,000 Hz) and high accuracy (10-7) sampling of fluid pressure and 3D deformations. When the pressure wave is applied, several poroelastic effects are measured: (i) a static poroelastic response that is linked to the fluid diffusion in phase with mechanical deformation of the porous rock; (ii) a low-frequency slow Biot wave (P2 wave) associated with the motion out of phase of solid and fluid phases; (iii) a high-frequency pressure wave that is generated and converted to seismic waves (P1 and S waves) at the borehole wall. This new approach aims at determining the infinitesimal shear and axial components of the strain tensor within the rock crossed by a borehole. The HPPP also allows studying the relationships between elastic waves propagation and rock hydromechanical properties and state at an intermediate scale (mesoscopic scale), between the laboratory and crustal scales, in a volume of one to a few tens of meters around the borehole. This new approach was designed from previous pulse testing done in a fault zone with a first prototype of the HPPP probe capable of simultaneously measuring changes (with a high frequency [120 Hz] and high accuracy) in fluid pressure (± 1 kPa) and displacement normal to the fault (± 10-7 m). This prototype consisted of a fibre-optic fluid pressure and a fibre-optic normal displacement sensor fixed to the borehole walls by two anchors located on both sides of the fault which was isolated with two packers to create a 0.4 m injection chamber. Results indicated that fiber-optic measurements allow good capturing of all the high-frequency changes during the hydraulic pulse. The method appears useful for accurately measuring time discrepancies between pressure and deformation signals as small as a few milliseconds. Moreover, high-frequency measurement of the fault "pressure-deformation" poroelastic response allows highlighting of a loop-shaped evolution that is not observed in conventional laboratory or in situ experiments. Consequently, the HPPP approach will provide new data with axial and shear components of the strain tensor which will give us additional information for determination of the rock seismic and hydromechanical properties at various depths in the crust. Moreover, the HPPP will be adapted to study seismic and mechanical instability of fault zones under controlled hydraulic loading and localized in a point source.

75 FR 44709 - Common Crop Insurance Regulations; Stonefruit Crop Insurance Provisions

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-29

... specified in the Special Provisions or is accepted by a packer, processor or other handler.'' According to... not make grade, it is not considered marketable unless a packer, handler or processor accepts the... meeting the standards or being accepted by a processor, etc., without any indication that the grade...

9 CFR 203.14 - Statement with respect to advertising allowances and other merchandising payments and services.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... inform all its competing customers of the availability of its promotional program. Such notification... packer may place appropriate announcements on product containers or inside thereof with conspicuous notice of such enclosure on the outside. (3) The packer may publish notice of the availability and...

9 CFR 201.4 - Bylaws, rules and regulations, and requirements of exchanges, associations, or other...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Bylaws, rules and regulations, and... 201.4 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION (PACKERS AND... of any exchange, association, or other organization, or any other valid law, rule or regulation, or...

77 FR 76451 - Designation for the West Sacramento, CA; Frankfort, IN; and Richmond, VA Areas.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-12-28

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Designation for the West Sacramento, CA; Frankfort, IN; and Richmond, VA Areas. AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and...-Agri West Sacramento, CA(916) 374-9700.. 1/1/2013 12/31/2015 Frankfort Frankfort, IN(765) 258-3624...

Validation of a multilevel sampling device to determine the vertical variability of chlorinated solvent in a contaminated aquifer.

PubMed

Barnier, C; Palmier, C; Atteia, O

2013-01-01

The vertical heterogeneity of contaminant concentrations in aquifers is well known, but obtaining representative samples is still a subject of debate. In this paper, the question arises from sites where numerous fully screened wells exist and there is a need to define the vertical distribution of contaminants. For this purpose, several wells were investigated with different techniques on a site contaminated with chlorinated solvents. A core-bored well shows that a tetrachloroethene (PCE) phase is sitting on and infiltrating a less permeable layer. Downstream of the cored well, the following sampling techniques were compared on fully screened wells: low flow pumping at several depths, pumping between packers and a new multilevel sampler for fully screened wells. Concerning low flow rate pumping, very low gradients were found, which may be due to the existence of vertical flow inside the well or in the gravel pack. Sampling between packers gave results comparable with the cores, separating a layer with PCE and trichloroethene from another one with cis 1,2-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride as major compounds. Detailed sampling according to pumped volume shows that even between packers, cleaning of the inter-packer volume is necessary before each sampling. Lastly, the proposed new multilevel sampler gives results similar to the packers but has the advantages of much faster sampling and a constant vertical positioning, which is fairly important for long-term monitoring in highly stratified aquifers.

7 CFR 59.30 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... direct shipment by the seller to the buyer (e.g., F.O.B. Plant, F.O.B. Feedlot). Imported. The term... cash or spot market purchase by a packer of livestock from a producer under which the base price for... committed to the packer. Negotiated sale. The term “negotiated sale” means a cash or spot market sale by a...

9 CFR 201.100 - Records to be furnished poultry growers and sellers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Records to be furnished poultry... PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ACT Poultry-Packers and Live Poultry Dealers § 201.100 Records to be furnished poultry growers and sellers. Link to an amendment published at 74 FR 63277, Dec. 3, 2009. (a) Contracts...

9 CFR 201.217 - Reasonable period of time to remedy a breach of contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Reasonable period of time to remedy a breach of contract. 201.217 Section 201.217 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND... termination. These criteria do not limit a packer, swine contractor or live poultry dealer's rights under a...

9 CFR 201.217 - Reasonable period of time to remedy a breach of contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Reasonable period of time to remedy a breach of contract. 201.217 Section 201.217 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND... termination. These criteria do not limit a packer, swine contractor or live poultry dealer's rights under a...

9 CFR 201.217 - Reasonable period of time to remedy a breach of contract.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Reasonable period of time to remedy a breach of contract. 201.217 Section 201.217 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND... termination. These criteria do not limit a packer, swine contractor or live poultry dealer's rights under a...

21 CFR 701.12 - Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) COSMETICS COSMETIC LABELING Package Form § 701.12 Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. (a) The label of a cosmetic in package form shall specify..., the name under which the business is conducted shall be used. (c) Where the cosmetic is not...

21 CFR 701.12 - Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) COSMETICS COSMETIC LABELING Package Form § 701.12 Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. (a) The label of a cosmetic in package form shall specify..., the name under which the business is conducted shall be used. (c) Where the cosmetic is not...

21 CFR 701.12 - Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) COSMETICS COSMETIC LABELING Package Form § 701.12 Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. (a) The label of a cosmetic in package form shall specify..., the name under which the business is conducted shall be used. (c) Where the cosmetic is not...

21 CFR 701.12 - Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) COSMETICS COSMETIC LABELING Package Form § 701.12 Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. (a) The label of a cosmetic in package form shall specify..., the name under which the business is conducted shall be used. (c) Where the cosmetic is not...

21 CFR 701.12 - Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (CONTINUED) COSMETICS COSMETIC LABELING Package Form § 701.12 Name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. (a) The label of a cosmetic in package form shall specify..., the name under which the business is conducted shall be used. (c) Where the cosmetic is not...

Three new species of Neofidelia (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Megachilidae) from Northern Chile.

PubMed

Dumesh, Sheila; Packer, Laurence

2013-02-01

Neofidelia apacheta Dumesh and Packer, sp. nov., N. camanchaca Dumesh and Packer, sp. nov., and N. submersa Dumesh and Packer, sp. nov. are described from northern Chile. Neofidelia apacheta is known from large numbers of specimens and localities at moderately high elevation (1600-3200m). Neofidelia camanchaca is only known from the ho-lotype male. Neofidelia submersa is known from the holotype male and a pair of paratypes in poor condition, all from a coastal fog oasis. Comparisons are made with the two previously described species of the genus. The collection of N. apa-cheta from so far north in Chile suggests that Neofidelia is likely to be found in southern Peru. A key for the five species of the genus is provided.

Evaluation of geophysical logs and video surveys in boreholes adjacent to the Berkley Products Superfund Site, West Cocalico Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania

USGS Publications Warehouse

Low, Dennis J.; Conger, Randall W.

1998-01-01

Between February 1998 and April 1998, geophysical logs were collected in nine boreholes adjacent to the Berkley Products Superfund Site, West Cocalico Township, Lancaster County, Pa. Video surveys were conducted on four of the nine boreholes. The boreholes range in depth from 320 to 508 feet below land surface, are completed open holes, have ambient vertical flow of water, and penetrate a series of interbedded siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate units. The purpose of collecting geophysical-log data was to help determine horizontal and vertical distribution of contaminated ground water migrating from known or suspected sources and to aid in the placement of permanent borehole packers. The primary contaminants were derived from paint waste that included pigment sludges and wash solvents. The chlorinated volatile organic compounds probably originated from the wash solvents.Caliper logs and video surveys were used to locate fractures; inflections on fluid-resistivity and fluid-temperature logs were used to locate possible water-bearing fractures. Heatpulse-flowmeter measurements were used to verify the locations of water-producing or water-receiving zones and to measure rates of flow between water-bearing fractures. Single-point-resistance and natural-gamma logs provided information on stratigraphy. After interpretation of geophysical logs, video surveys, and driller's logs, permanent multiple-packer systems were installed in each borehole to obtain depth specific water samples from one or more water-bearing fractures in each borehole.

Interpretation of geophysical logs, aquifer tests, and water levels in wells in and near the North Penn Area 7 Superfund site, Upper Gwynedd Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 2000-02

USGS Publications Warehouse

Senior, Lisa A.; Cinotto, Peter J.; Conger, Randall W.; Bird, Philip H.; Pracht, Karl A.

2005-01-01

Ground water in the vicinity of various industrial facilities in Upper Gwynedd Township and Lansdale Borough, Montgomery County, Pa., is contaminated with various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The 2-square-mile area was placed on the National Priorities List as the North Penn Area 7 Superfund site by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in 1989. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted geophysical logging, aquifer testing, water-level monitoring, and streamflow measurements in the vicinity of North Penn Area 7 beginning autumn 2000 to assist the USEPA in developing an understanding of the hydrogeologic framework in the area as part of the USEPA Remedial Investigation. The study area is underlain by Triassic and Jurassic-age sandstones, siltstones, and shales of the Lockatong Formation and the Brunswick Group. Regionally, these rocks strike northeast and dip to the northwest. The sequence of rocks form a fractured-sedimentary-rock aquifer that acts as a set of confined to partially confined layered aquifers of differing permeabilities. The aquifers are recharged by precipitation and discharge to streams and wells. The Wissahickon Creek headwaters are less than 1 mile northeast of the study area, and this stream flows southwest to bisect North Penn Area 7. Ground water is pumped in the vicinity of North Penn Area 7 for industrial use and public supply. The USGS collected geophysical logs for 16 wells that ranged in depth from 50 to 623 feet. Aquifer-interval-isolation testing was done in 9 of the 16 wells, for a total of 30 zones tested. A multiple-well aquifer test was conducted by monitoring the response of 14 wells to pumping a 600-ft deep production well in February and March 2002. In addition, water levels were monitored continuously in three wells in the area and streamflow was measured quarterly at two sites on Wissahickon Creek from December 2000 through September 2002. Geophysical logging identified water-bearing zones associated with high-angle fractures and bedding-plane openings throughout the depth of the boreholes. Heatpulse-flowmeter measurements under nonpumping, ambient conditions indicated that borehole flow, where detected, was in the upward direction in three of the eight wells and in the downward direction in three wells. In two wells, both upward and downward flow were measured. Heatpulse-flowmeter measurements under pumping conditions were used to identify the most productive intervals in wells. Correlation of natural-gamma-ray and single-point-resistance logs indicated that bedding in the area probably strikes about 40 degrees northeast and dips from 6 to 7 degrees northwest. Aquifer intervals isolated by inflatable packers in wells were pumped to test productivity and to collect samples to determine chemical quality of water produced from the interval. Interval-isolation testing confirmed the presence of vertical hydraulic gradients indicated by heatpulse-flowmeter measurements. The specific capacities of isolated intervals ranged over two orders of magnitude, from 0.02 to more than 3.6 gallons per minute per foot. Intervals adjacent to isolated pumped intervals showed little response to pumping the isolated zone. The presence of vertical hydraulic gradients and lack of adjacent-interval response to pumping in isolated intervals indicate a limited degree of vertical hydraulic connection between the aquifer intervals tested. Concentrations of most VOC contaminants generally were highest in well-water samples from the shallowest isolated intervals, with some exceptions. Trichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, and toluene were the most frequently detected VOCs, with maximum concentrations of greater than 340, 680, and greater than 590 micrograms per liter, respectively. Results of the aquifer test with multiple observation wells showed that water levels in 4 of the 14 wells declined in response to pumping. The four wells that responded to pumping are either along str

9 CFR 203.18 - Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of custom feeding livestock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... livestock for the accounts of feedlot customers. When a custom feedlot is owned or operated by a packer, and... buyer is in conflict with its obligations to feedlot customers to market their livestock to the customer... eliminate any conflict of interest. At a minimum, such measures should insure: (1) That feedlot customers...

9 CFR 203.19 - Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of livestock dealers or buying agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the business of a livestock dealer or a buying agency are encouraged to consult with the Grain... engaging in the business of livestock dealers or buying agencies. 203.19 Section 203.19 Animals and Animal... Statement with respect to packers engaging in the business of livestock dealers or buying agencies. (a) In...

21 CFR 201.1 - Drugs; name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 21 Food and Drugs 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Drugs; name and place of business of manufacturer, packer, or distributor. 201.1 Section 201.1 Food and Drugs FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF... and control. (d) The Food and Drug Administration finds that it is the common practice in the drug...

The combined use of heat-pulse flowmeter logging and packer testing for transmissive fracture recognition

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lo, Hung-Chieh; Chen, Po-Jui; Chou, Po-Yi; Hsu, Shih-Meng

2014-06-01

This paper presents an improved borehole prospecting methodology based on a combination of techniques in the hydrogeological characterization of fractured rock aquifers. The approach is demonstrated by on-site tests carried out in the Hoshe Experimental Forest site and the Tailuge National Park, Taiwan. Borehole televiewer logs are used to obtain fracture location and distribution along boreholes. The heat-pulse flow meter log is used to measure vertical velocity flow profiles which can be analyzed to estimate fracture transmissivity and to indicate hydraulic connectivity between fractures. Double-packer hydraulic tests are performed to determine the rock mass transmissivity. The computer program FLASH is used to analyze the data from the flowmeter logs. The FLASH program is confirmed as a useful tool which quantitatively predicts the fracture transmissivity in comparison to the hydraulic properties obtained from packer tests. The location of conductive fractures and their transmissivity is identified, after which the preferential flow paths through the fracture network are precisely delineated from a cross-borehole test. The results provide robust confirmation of the use of combined flowmeter and packer methods in the characterization of fractured-rock aquifers, particularly in reference to the investigation of groundwater resource and contaminant transport dynamics.

Hydrogeologic data from a 2,000-foot deep core hole at Polk City, Green Swamp area, central Florida

USGS Publications Warehouse

Navoy, A.S.

1986-01-01

Two core holes were drilled to depths of 906 and 1,996 feet, respectively, within the Tertiary limestone (Floridan) aquifers, at Polk City, central Florida. Data from the two holes revealed that the bottom of the zone of vigorous groundwater circulation is confined by carbonate rocks at a depth of about 1,000 feet (863 feet below sea level). The zone of circulation is divided into two high-permeability zones. The dissolved solids of the water within the high-permeability zones is approximately 150 milligrams per liter. Within the carbonate rocks, the dissolved solids content of the water reaches about 2,000 milligrams per liter at the bottom of the core hole. Water levels in the core holes declined a total of about 16 feet as the hole was drilled; most of the head loss occurred at depths below 1,800 feet. The porosities of selected cores ranged from 1.6 to 45.3 percent; the hydraulic conductivities ranged from less than 0.000024 to 19.0786 feet per day in the horizontal direction and from less than 0.000024 to 2.99 feet per day in the vertical direction; and the ratio of vertical to horizontal permeability ranged from 0.03 to 1.98. Due to drilling problems, packer tests and geophysical logging could not be accomplished. (USGS)

Variation in polygalacturonase production among Aspergillus flavus isolates.

PubMed Central

Cotty, P J; Cleveland, T E; Brown, R L; Mellon, J E

1990-01-01

Pectinase production by Aspergillus flavus was determined by measuring clear zones formed around colonies stained with ruthenium red. Several isolates produced red zones instead of clear zones. Red zones were reproduced with pectinesterase and correlated with absence of specific polygalacturonases. Of 87 isolates tested, 15 produced red zones. Images PMID:2128015

Sensitivity and specificity of CT scanning for determining the number of internally concealed packages in 'body-packers'.

PubMed

Asha, Stephen Edward; Higham, Matthew; Child, Peter

2015-05-01

If package counts on abdominal CTs of body-packers were known to be accurate, follow-up CTs could be avoided. The objective was to determine the accuracy of CT for the number of concealed packages in body-packers, and the reliability of package counts reported by body-packers who admit to concealing drugs. Suspected body-packers were identified from the emergency departments (ED) database. The medical record and radiology reports were reviewed for package counts determined by CT, patient-reported and physically retrieved. The last method was used as the reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for CT package count accuracy. Reliability of patient-reported package counts was assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. There were 50 confirmed body-packers on whom 104 CT scans were performed. Data for the index and reference tests were available for 84 scans. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for CT package count were 63% (95% CI 46% to 77%), 82% (95% CI 67% to 92%), 76% (95% CI 58% to 89%) and 71% (95% CI 56% to 83%) respectively. For CTs with a package count<15, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV for CT package count were 96% (95% CI 80% to 99%), 95% (95% CI 82% to 99%), 93% (95% CI 76% to 99%) and 97% (95% CI 86% to 100%), respectively. Correlation between patient-reported package counts and the number of packages retrieved was high (r=0.90, p<0.001, R2=81%). The accuracy of CT for determining the number of concealed packages is poor, although when applied to patients with few concealed packages accuracy is high and is useful as a rule-out test. Among patients who have admitted to drug concealment, the number of packages reported to be concealed is reliable. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.

Current merchandising practices and characteristics of beef wholesale rib usage in three U.S. cities.

PubMed

Wulf, D M; Romans, J R; Costello, W J

1994-01-01

Packers/processors, supermarket meat managers, and restaurant meat purchasers were surveyed to determine industry utilization of the beef wholesale rib. Nine packer/processors representing > 52% of the U.S. steer-heifer slaughter reported that more than two-thirds (68.5%) of the ribs were wholesaled as ribeye, lip-on (IMPS 112A) subprimals and that its predominance in the market makes it the standard for pricing. For merchandising variations of this cut (e.g., ribeye, lip-off), packer prices are adjusted to lip-on bases according to the relative yield. Excess fat was the most common complaint about ribeye steaks, reported by 78% of the packer/processors. In particular, 71% of them reported the "kernel" fat near the center of a ribeye steak between the longissimus and spinalis dorsi muscles is quite difficult to trim out and represents the greatest problem in merchandising. Forty-two percent of supermarket meat managers and 58% of restaurant meat purchasers thought the fat content of beef ribeyes discouraged consumers from purchasing all beef. Kernel fat was specifically cited by 36% of the restaurateurs. Alternative merchandising strategies should be employed to minimize the negative value effects of kernel fat. Even with excess fat being a concern to approximately half of the beef rib buyers, most still bought lip-on ribeyes and trimmed excess fat away. Apparently, they made this choice of lower price per weight, even though price per trimmed serving might be similar to lip-off ribeyes. Excess fat is being transported from packer/processor to buyers in the form of lip-on ribeyes because of the price relationships.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Application of advanced geophysical logging methods in the characterization of a fractured-sedimentary bedrock aquifer, Ventura County, California

USGS Publications Warehouse

Williams, John H.; Lane, John W.; Singha, Kamini; Haeni, F. Peter

2002-01-01

An integrated suite of advanced geophysical logging methods was used to characterize the geology and hydrology of three boreholes completed in fractured-sedimentary bedrock in Ventura County, California. The geophysical methods included caliper, gamma, electromagnetic induction, borehole deviation, optical and acoustic televiewer, borehole radar, fluid resistivity, temperature, and electromagnetic flowmeter. The geophysical logging 1) provided insights useful for the overall geohydrologic characterization of the bedrock and 2) enhanced the value of information collected by other methods from the boreholes including core-sample analysis, multiple-level monitoring, and packer testing.The logged boreholes, which have open intervals of 100 to 200 feet, penetrate a sequence of interbedded sandstone and mudstone with bedding striking 220 to 250 degrees and dipping 15 to 40 degrees to the northwest. Fractures intersected by the boreholes include fractures parallel to bedding and fractures with variable strike that dip moderately to steeply. Two to three flow zones were detected in each borehole. The flow zones consist of bedding-parallel or steeply dipping fractures or a combination of bedding-parallel fractures and moderately to steeply dipping fractures. About 75 to more than 90 percent of the measured flow under pumped conditions was produced by only one of the flow zones in each borehole.

An evaluation of borehole flowmeters used to measure horizontal ground-water flow in limestones of Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee, 1999

USGS Publications Warehouse

Wilson, John T.; Mandell, Wayne A.; Paillet, Frederick L.; Bayless, E. Randall; Hanson, Randall T.; Kearl, Peter M.; Kerfoot, William B.; Newhouse, Mark W.; Pedler, William H.

2001-01-01

Three borehole flowmeters and hydrophysical logging were used to measure ground-water flow in carbonate bedrock at sites in southeastern Indiana and on the westcentral border of Kentucky and Tennessee. The three flowmeters make point measurements of the direction and magnitude of horizontal flow, and hydrophysical logging measures the magnitude of horizontal flowover an interval. The directional flowmeters evaluated include a horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter, an acoustic Doppler velocimeter, and a colloidal borescope flowmeter. Each method was used to measure flow in selected zones where previous geophysical logging had indicated water-producing beds, bedding planes, or other permeable features that made conditions favorable for horizontal-flow measurements. Background geophysical logging indicated that ground-water production from the Indiana test wells was characterized by inflow from a single, 20-foot-thick limestone bed. The Kentucky/Tennessee test wells produced water from one or more bedding planes where geophysical logs indicated the bedding planes had been enlarged by dissolution. Two of the three test wells at the latter site contained measurable vertical flow between two or more bedding planes under ambient hydraulic head conditions. Field measurements and data analyses for each flow-measurement technique were completed by a developer of the technology or by a contractor with extensive experience in the application of that specific technology. Comparison of the horizontal-flow measurements indicated that the three point-measurement techniques rarely measured the same velocities and flow directions at the same measurement stations. Repeat measurements at selected depth stations also failed to consistently reproduce either flow direction, flow magnitude, or both. At a few test stations, two of the techniques provided similar flow magnitude or direction but usually not both. Some of this variability may be attributed to naturally occurring changes in hydraulic conditions during the 1-month study period in August and September 1999. The actual velocities and flow directions are unknown; therefore, it is uncertain which technique provided the most accurate measurements of horizontal flow in the boreholes and which measurements were most representative of flow in the aquifers. The horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter consistently yielded flow magnitudes considerably less than those provided by the acoustic Doppler velocimeter and colloidal borescope. The design of the horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter compensates for the local acceleration of ground-water velocity in the open borehole. The magnitude of the velocities estimated from the hydrophysical logging were comparable to those of the horizontal heat-pulse flowmeter, presumably because the hydrophysical logging also effectively compensates for the effect of the borehole on the flow field and averages velocity over a length of borehole rather than at a point. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter and colloidal borescope have discrete sampling points that allow for measuring preferential flow velocities that can be substantially higher than the average velocity through a length of borehole. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter and colloidal borescope also measure flow at the center of the borehole where the acceleration of the flow field should be greatest. Of the three techniques capable of measuring direction and magnitude of horizontal flow, only the acoustic Doppler velocimeter measured vertical flow. The acoustic Doppler velocimeter consistently measured downward velocity in all test wells. This apparent downward flow was attributed, in part, to particles falling through the water column as a result of mechanical disturbance during logging. Hydrophysical logging yielded estimates of vertical flow in the Kentucky/Tennessee test wells. In two of the test wells, the hydrophysical logging involved deliberate isolation of water-producing bedding planes with a packer to ensure that small horizontal flow could be quantified without the presence of vertical flow. The presence of vertical flow in the Kentucky/Tennessee test wells may preclude the definitive measurement of horizontal flow without the use of effective packer devices. None of the point-measurement techniques used a packer, but each technique used baffle devices to help suppress the vertical flow. The effectiveness of these baffle devices is not known; therefore, the effect of vertical flow on the measurements cannot be quantified. The general lack of agreement among the point-measurement techniques in this study highlights the difficulty of using measurements at a single depth point in a borehole to characterize the average horizontal flow in a heterogeneous aquifer. The effective measurement of horizontal flow may depend on the precise depth at which measurements are made, and the measurements at a given depth may vary over time as hydraulic head conditions change. The various measurements also demonstrate that the magnitude and possibly the direction of horizontal flow are affected by the presence of the open borehole. Although there is a lack of agreement among the measurement techniques, these results could mean that effective characterization of horizontal flow in heterogeneous aquifers might be possible if data from many depth stations and from repeat measurements can be averaged over an extended time period. Complications related to vertical flow in the borehole highlights the importance of using background logging methods like vertical flowmeters or hydrophysical logging to characterize the borehole environment before horizontal-flow measurements are attempted. If vertical flow is present, a packer device may be needed to acquire definitive measurements of horizontal flow. Because hydrophysical logging provides a complete depth profile of the borehole, a strength of this technique is in identifying horizontal- and vertical-flow zones in a well. Hydrophysical logging may be most applicable as a screening method. Horizontal- flow zones identified with the hydrophysical logging then could be evaluated with one of the point-measurement techniques for quantifying preferential flow zones and flow directions. Additional research is needed to determine how measurements of flow in boreholes relate to flow in bedrock aquifers. The flowmeters may need to be evaluated under controlled laboratory conditions to determine which of the methods accurately measure ground-water velocities and flow directions. Additional research also is needed to investigate variations in flow direction with time, daily changes in velocity, velocity corrections for fractured bedrock aquifers and unconsolidated aquifers, and directional differences in individual wells for hydraulically separated flow zones.

Intelligence Leaks: What Is the Role of the Leak and the Leaker in U.S. Democracy?

DTIC Science & Technology

2014-03-01

the health of the democracy. On one hand, the relationship 68 Herbert L. Packer, “Offenses Against...accessed March 19, 2014, http://www.dni.gov/files/documents/1118/CLEANEDPRTT%201.pdf. 109 Dan Roberts and Spencer Ackerman, “US Lawmakers Call for...Fade on Exposure to the Light?” Intelligence and National Security 23, no. 5 (2008): 593–607. doi:10.1080/02684520802449476. Packer, Herbert L

Symbolic Execution Over Native x86

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-01

Disassembly to a Hello World Program Packed with the Ulti- mate Packer for eXecutables (UPX) (Taken from IDA Pro) . . . . . . . 7 Figure 2.3 A Simple Hello...Program Packed with the Ultimate Packer for eXecutables (UPX) (Taken from IDA Pro) operation details. However, the design of an IL language leads to...The Unofficial Guide to the World’s Most Popular Disas- sembler. No Starch Press, 2008. [13] Hex-Rays, “Interactive disassembler (ida) pro.” [Online

Moscow Test Well, INEL Oversight Program: Aqueous geochemistry

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

McCurry, M.; Fromm, J.; Welhan, J.

1992-09-29

This report presents a summary and interpretation of data gathered during sampling of the Moscow Test Well at Moscow, Idaho during April and May of 1992. The principal objectives of this chemical survey were to validate sampling procedures with a new straddle packer sampling tool in a previously hydrologically well characterized and simple sampling environment, and to compare analytical results from two independent labs for reproducibility of analytical results. Analytes included a wide range of metals, anions, nutrients, BNA`s, and VOC`s. Secondary objectives included analyzing of waters from a large distilled water tank (utilized for all field laboratory purposes asmore » ``pure`` stock water), of water which passed through a steamer used to clean the packer, and of rinsates from the packer tool itself before it was lowered into the test well. Analyses were also obtained of blanks and spikes for data validation purposes.« less

Intra-procedural Path-insensitve Grams (I-GRAMS) and Disassembly Based Features for Packer Tool Classification and Detection

DTIC Science & Technology

2012-06-14

executable file is packed is a critical step in software security. This research uses machine learning methods to build the Polymorphic and Non-Polymorphic...Packer Detection (PNPD) system that detects whether an executable is packed by either ASPack, UPX, Metasploit’s polymorphic msfencode, or is packed in...detect packed executables used in experiments. Overall, it is discovered i-grams provide the best results with accuracies above 99.5%, average true

Difference flow measurements under permafrost conditions in the Kangerlussuaq area, West Greenland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lehtinen, A. M.; Rouhiainen, P.; Pöllänen, J.; Heikkinen, P.; Ruskeeniemi, T.; Claesson Liljedahl, L.

2012-12-01

To advance the understanding of the impact of glacial processes on the long-term performance of a deep geologic repository, the Greenland Analogue Project (GAP), a four-year field and modeling study of the Greenland ice sheet (2009-2012), was established collaboratively by the Swedish, Finnish and Canadian nuclear waste management organizations (SKB, POSIVA and NWMO, respectively). In order to study how groundwater flow and water chemistry is influenced by an existing ice sheet and continuous permafrost, a 645 m deep drillhole (DH-GAP04) was drilled, hydraulically tested using the Posiva Difference Flowmeter (PFL DIFF) method and instrumented at the ice margin in the Kangerlussuaq area in July 2011. PFL DIFF allows the quick and reliable characterization of flow-yielding fractures in bedrock. PFL DIFF measures the flow rate into or out of defined drillhole sections. The advantage that follows from measuring the flow rate in isolated sections is improved detection of incremental changes of flow along the drillhole. PFL DIFF can measure flows in the range 30 - 300 000 mLh-1. In addition, the PFL DIFF probe can be used to measure the electrical conductivity of both the drillhole water and fracture-specific water, the single point resistance (SPR) of the bedrock, the water pressure profile in a drillhole and the temperature of the drillhole water. Normally, PFL DIFF measurements in a new drillhole are conducted a week after the end of drilling in order to let the groundwater state recover in the drillhole. The PFL DIFF measurements were done in DH-GAP04 already three days after the drilling was completed. This measurement was the first PFL DIFF measurement ever conducted in an area of continuous permafrost and therefore, the measurement program was carefully designed. The length of the section in the flow logging measurements was 10 m and the interval spacing was two meters. Flow into the drillhole or from the drillhole into the bedrock was measured within the section length. The measurements were carried out in both natural and pumped conditions. The risk of the drillhole freezing over in the permafrost section was high and therefore, no measurements were made in the upper part of the drillhole (from 0 to depth of 172 m). Lack of measurable water conductivity between 172-390 m indicates that permafrost may extend down to a depth of 350 m in DH-GAP04. This was later confirmed by temperature profiling with a Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) cable. The aim of the measurements was to find high transmissive fractures, which would define the place for water sampling, i.e. the location for the packers in the drillhole. In total, nine high or moderately transmissive fractures were found in the drillhole. Transmissivities varied between 2.35E-9- 3.29E-6 m2s-1 and the highest transmissivity was in a fracture zone at the depth of 564 m. This fracture zone was selected as the main target for the hydrogeochemical investigations, i.e. this section was chosen as the primary water sampling section, and was later packed off with a two-packer system.

Modern Workflows for Fracture Rock Hydrogeology

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Doe, T.

2015-12-01

Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) is a numerical simulation approach that represents a conducting fracture network using geologically realistic geometries and single-conductor hydraulic and transport properties. In terms of diffusion analogues, equivalent porous media derive from heat conduction in continuous media, while DFN simulation is more similar to electrical flow and diffusion in circuits with discrete pathways. DFN modeling grew out of pioneering work of David Snow in the late 1960s with additional impetus in the 1970's from the development of the development of stochastic approaches for describing of fracture geometric and hydrologic properties. Research in underground test facilities for radioactive waste disposal developed the necessary linkages between characterization technologies and simulation as well as bringing about a hybrid deterministic stochastic approach. Over the past 40 years DFN simulation and characterization methods have moved from the research environment into practical, commercial application. The key geologic, geophysical and hydrologic tools provide the required DFN inputs of conductive fracture intensity, orientation, and transmissivity. Flow logging either using downhole tool or by detailed packer testing identifies the locations of conducting features in boreholes, and image logging provides information on the geology and geometry of the conducting features. Multi-zone monitoring systems isolate the individual conductors, and with subsequent drilling and characterization perturbations help to recognize connectivity and compartmentalization in the fracture network. Tracer tests and core analysis provide critical information on the transport properties especially matrix diffusion unidentified conducting pathways. Well test analyses incorporating flow dimension boundary effects provide further constraint on the conducting geometry of the fracture network.

Packer arrangements for oil wells and the like

DOEpatents

Harvey, Andrew C.; McFadden, David H.

1981-11-24

The packer includes an elongated tubular casing, and a metal ring is disposed in its entirety within an annular recess in the casing. The recess has a circumferential opening extending entirely around the peripheral outer surface of the casing. Hydraulic fluid is flowed into the recess to apply pressure to the inner peripheral surface of the metal ring to expand the ring radially outwardly and force its outer peripheral surface through the circumferential opening and into annular sealing engagement with the opposed surface of the well casing.

A pressure-packer system for conducting rising head tests in water table wells

USGS Publications Warehouse

Levy, Benjamin S.; Pannell, Lawrence J.; Dadoly, John P.

1993-01-01

The pressure system developed for fully-saturated well screens has been modified for conducting rising head tests in water table wells installed in highly permeable aquifers. The pressure system consists of a compressed air source and 1 inch diameter PVC piping with a packer attached at the end. The pressure system was evaluated in a series of rising head tests conducted in a well at a Superfund site in New England. The well was tested with slugs and with the pressure system. Within each technique, estimates of hydraulic conductivity showed no difference. Comparison of hydraulic conductivity estimates between techniques (slug test vs. pressure test) showed differences due to stratigraphy. The interval tested using slug tests crossed two stratigraphic units; the pressure system tested only one of these units. We conclude that the pressure system may be used to characterize the vertical hydraulic conductivity distribution in a series of successive tests by changing the packer position and the screened interval tested.

An Approach Using Gas Monitoring to Find the Residual TCE Location in the Unsaturated Zone of Woosan Industrial Complex (WIC), Korea

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Koh, Y.; Lee, S.; Yang, J.; Lee, K.

2012-12-01

An area accommodating various industrial facilities has fairly high probability of groundwater contamination with multiple chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethene (TCE), carbon tetrachloride (CT), and chloroform (CF). Source tracing of chlorinated solvents in the unsaturated zone is an essential procedure for the management and remediation of contaminated area. From the previous study on seasonal variations in hydrological stresses and spatial variations in geologic conditions on a TCE plume, the existence of residual DNAPLs at or above the water table has proved. Since TCE is one of the frequently detected VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) in groundwater, residual TCE can be detected by gas monitoring. Therefore, monitoring of temporal and spatial variations in the gas phase TCE contaminant at an industrial complex in Wonju, Korea, were used to find the residual TCE locations. As pilot tests, TCE gas samples collected in the unsaturated zone at 4 different wells were analyzed using SPME (Solid Phase MicroExtraction) fiber and Gas Chromatography (GC). The results indicated that detecting TCE in gas phase was successful from these wells and TCE analysis on gas samples, collected from the unsaturated zone, will be useful for source area characterization. However, some values were too high to doubt the accuracy of the current method, which needs a preliminary lab test with known concentrations. The modified experiment setups using packer at different depths are in process to find residual TCE locations in the unsaturated zone. Meanwhile, several PVD (polyethylene-membrane Passive Vapor Diffusion) samplers were placed under water table to detect VOCs by equilibrium between air in the vial and VOCs in pore water.

In Situ Local Fracture Flow Measurement by the Double Packer Dilution Test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Englert, A.; Le Borgne, T.; Bour, O.; Klepikova, M.; Lavenant, N.

2011-12-01

For prediction of flow and transport in fractured media, prior estimation of the fracture network is essential, but challenging. Recent developments in hydraulic tomography have shown promising results for understanding connectivities between boreholes. However, as the hydraulic tomographic survey is typically based on the propagation of head only, it becomes a strongly non unique problem. To reduce the non uniqueness of tomographic surveys point conditioning has been found beneficial. Just as well, measurement of local flow in a fracture can serve as point conditioning for hydraulic and tracer tomographic surveys. Nevertheless, only few measurements of local fracture flow have been performed since this type of measurements implies several important technical issues. Dilution test in a packed off interval is a possible method for measuring fracture flow (e.g. Drost et al. 1968, Novakowski et al., 2005). However, a key issue for estimating flow with dilution tests is to ensure a full mixing of the tracer in the packed interval. This is typically done by including a mixing system within the packer. The design of such system can be challenging for deep wells and small diameters. Here, we propose a method where mixing is ensured by a recirculation loop including a surface tank. This method is adapted from the design proposed by Brouyere et al. (2008), who measured dilution in open wells. Dilution is quantified by measuring the concentration in the surface barrel as function of time. Together with the measurement of the circulating flow and the water filled volume in the surface barrel, the measured tracer dilution allows for calculation of the fracture flow. Since the method can be applied using a classical double packer system, it may provide a broader application of local flow measurements in heterogeneous media. We tested the approach on the Ploemeur fractured crystalline rock site. A one meter interval at depth 80 m with a single flowing fracture was isolated with a double packer dilution system. We performed a pumping test in the adjacent well. Different flow rates were estimated from the dilution curves for the different pumping rates in the adjacent well, showing a linear response. The obtained fracture flow rates provide important information on the flow geometry and connectivity between the two wells. Future joint interpretation of flow measurements, hydraulic head and tracer test data is expected to provide detailed insights in the flow and transport processes at the Ploemeur site. Drost, W., Klotz, D., Koch, A., Moser, H., Neumaier, F., Rauert, W.: Point dilution methods of investigating ground water flow by means of radioisotopes, Water. Resour. Res., 4(1), 1968. Novakowski, K., Bickerton, G., Lapcevic, P., Voralek, J., Ross, N.: Measurements of groundwater velocity in discrete rock fractures: Jour. Cont. Hydr., 82(1-2), 2006. Brouyere, S., Batlle-Aguilar, J., Goderniaux, P., Dassargues, A.: A new tracer technique for monitoring groundwater fluxes: The Finite Volume Point Dilution Method, Jour. Cont. Hydr., 95(3-4), 121-140, 2008.

[Body packer: review and experience in a referral hospital].

PubMed

Madrazo, Zoilo; Silvio-Estaba, Leonardo; Secanella, Luis; García-Barrasa, Arantxa; Aranda, Humberto; Golda, Thomas; Biondo, Sebastiano; Rafecas, Antoni

2007-09-01

Smuggling of illicit drugs by concealing them within the human body (body packer) is a medical-legal issue that has increased in the last few decades. Physicians, especially those working in the emergency department, should be familiar with the diagnostic and therapeutic management -usually conservative management- of this type of patient and their possible complications. The present article reviews the general concepts and physiopathology associated with transport of packages in the digestive tract and describes the experience of a referral hospital with a protocol specifically designed for these patients.

Proposed Barge Terminal Expansion, Packer River Terminal, Inc., South St. Paul, Dakota County, Minnesota.

DTIC Science & Technology

1977-09-01

On 24 June 1974 Packer applied to the St. Paul District, Corps of Engineers (Corps) for a DOA permit under Section 10 of the River and Harbor Act of...exercised jurisdiction under Section 404 of P.L. 92-500 to the ordinary high water mark of the • Mississippi River, Thu’, even though the proposed project...Corps of Engineers was to expand their regulatory IT ril ct ion under Sect ion 404 of P.l.. 92-500 ,nd to promulgate new r- ’~giiI.,t .; ill conjunct

Swellable elastomers under constraint

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lou, Yucun; Robisson, Agathe; Cai, Shengqiang; Suo, Zhigang

2012-08-01

Swellable elastomers are widely used in the oilfield to seal the flow of downhole fluids. For example, when a crack appears in self-healing cement, the liquid in the surroundings flows into the crack and permeates into the cement, causing small particles of elastomers in the cement to swell, resulting in the blocking of the flow. Elastomers are also used as large components in swellable packers, which can swell and seal zones in the borehole. In these applications, the elastomers swell against the constraint of stiff materials, such as cement, metal, and rock. The pressure generated by the elastomer against the confinement is a key factor that affects the quality of the sealing. This work develops a systematic approach to predict the magnitude of the pressure in such components. Experiments are carried out to determine the stress-stretch curve, free swelling ratio, and confining pressure. The data are interpreted in terms of a modified Flory-Rehner model.

Surface self-potential patterns related to transmissive fracture trends during a water injection test

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

DesRoches, A. J.; Butler, K. E.; MacQuarrie, K. TB

2018-03-01

Variations in self-potential (SP) signals were recorded over an electrode array during a constant head injection test in a fractured bedrock aquifer. Water was injected into a 2.2 m interval isolated between two inflatable packers at 44 m depth in a vertical well. Negative SP responses were recorded on surface corresponding to the start of the injection period with strongest magnitudes recorded in electrodes nearest the well. SP response decreased in magnitude at electrodes further from the well. Deflation of the packer system resulted in a strong reversal in the SP signal. Anomalous SP patterns observed at surface at steady state were found to be aligned with dominant fracture strike orientations found within the test interval. Numerical modelling of fluid and current flow within a simplified fracture network showed that azimuthal patterns in SP are mainly controlled by transmissive fracture orientations. The strongest SP gradients occur parallel to hydraulic gradients associated with water flowing out of the transmissive fractures into the tighter matrix and other less permeable cross-cutting fractures. Sensitivity studies indicate that increasing fracture frequency near the well increases the SP magnitude and enhances the SP anomaly parallel to the transmissive set. Decreasing the length of the transmissive fractures leads to more fluid flow into the matrix and into cross-cutting fractures proximal to the well, resulting in a more circular and higher magnitude SP anomaly. Results from the field experiment and modelling provide evidence that surface-based SP monitoring during constant head injection tests has the ability to identify groundwater flow pathways within a fractured bedrock aquifer.

Passively actuated valve

DOEpatents

Modro, S. Michael; Ougouag, Abderrafi M.

2005-09-20

A passively actuated valve for isolating a high pressure zone from a low pressure zone and discontinuing the isolation when the pressure in the high pressure zone drops below a preset threshold. If the pressure in the high pressure zone drops below the preset threshold, the valve opens and allows flow from the high pressure zone to the low pressure zone. The valve remains open allowing pressure equalization and back-flow should a pressure inversion between the two pressure zone occur.

Heating production fluids in a wellbore

DOEpatents

Orrego, Yamila; Jankowski, Todd A.

2016-07-12

A method for heating a production fluid in a wellbore. The method can include heating, using a packer fluid, a working fluid flowing through a first medium disposed in a first section of the wellbore, where the first medium transfers heat from the packer fluid to the working fluid. The method can also include circulating the working fluid into a second section of the wellbore through a second medium, where the second medium transfers heat from the working fluid to the production fluid. The method can further include returning the working fluid to the first section of the wellbore through the first medium.

Cocaine smuggling in the gastrointestinal tract resulting in mechanical pylorostenosis.

PubMed

Sein Anand, Jacek; Chodorowski, Zygmunt; Masal, Andrzej; Nowak-Banasik, Livia

2005-01-01

A 45-year-old male, body packer, who confessed to have swallowed 44 packages of cocaine in a total dose of approx. 360 g, was admitted to hospital because of clinical signs of acute intoxication with cocaine followed by ileus. The emergency surgical gastrotomy was initiated, and the conglomerate of Scotch tape and packages with cocaine were removed. Small rupture of one package of cocaine in a body packer stomach caused acute poisoning with cocaine, confirmed additionally by the presence of its metabolites in the urine. Mechanical pylorostenosis provoked by cocaine packages required emergency surgical operation.

[Smuggling of illegal drugs by body suffers].

PubMed

Aksnes, Tonje Amb; Jacobsen, Dag

2004-07-01

Body packers are persons who smuggle illegal drugs by swallowing condoms or plastic cylinders containing such substances. Body stuffers are drug dealers or drug abusers who swallow illegal drugs in an effort to conceal evidence during an arrest or in fear of being arrested. We report four cases and discuss management. Asymptomatic body packers may be managed conservatively with laxatives and water-soluble contrast medium. This method allows an accurate follow-up with abdominal radiography. If patients develop abdominal pain or signs and symptoms of intoxication, surgical intervention should be considered. Both types of patients should be monitored carefully.

Multiple antibiotic resistance patterns of rhizospheric bacteria isolated from Phragmites australis growing in constructed wetland for distillery effluent treatment.

PubMed

Chaturvedi, Sonal; Chandra, Ram; Rai, Vibhuti

2008-01-01

Susceptibility patterns of 12 different antibiotics were investigated against rhizospheric bacteria isolated from Phragmites australis from three different zones i.e. upper (0-5 cm), middle (5-10 cm), lower (10-15 cm) in constructed wetland system with and without distillery effluent. The major pollutants of distillery effluent were phenols, sulphide, heavy metals, and higher levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) etc. The antibiotic resistance properties of bacteria were correlated with the heavy metal tolerance (one of distillery pollutant). Twenty-two species from contaminated and seventeen species from non-contaminated site were tested by agar disc-diffusion method. The results revealed that more than 63% of total isolates were resistance towards one or more antibiotics tested from all the three different zones of contaminated sites. The multiple-drug resistance property was shown by total 8 isolates from effluent contaminated region out of which 3 isolates were from upper zone, 3 isolates from middle zone and 2 isolates were from lower zone. Results indicated that isolates from contaminated rhizosphere were found more resistant to antibiotics than isolates from non-contaminated rhizosphere. Further this study produces evidence suggesting that tolerance to antibiotics was acquired by isolates for the adaptation and detoxification of all the pollutants present in the effluent at contaminated site. This consequently facilitated the phytoremediation of effluent, which emerges the tolerance and increases resistance to antibiotics.

Modeling of ground-water flow in subsurface Austin Chalk and Taylor marl in Ellis County, Texas, near the superconducting super collider site

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Mace, R.E.

1993-02-01

Numerical models are useful tools for developing an understanding of ground-water flow in sparsely characterized low-permeability aquifers. Finite-difference, cross-sectional models of Cretaceous chalk and marl formations near the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) were constructed using MODFLOW to evaluate ground-water circulation paths and travel times. Weathered and fractured zones with enhanced permeability were included to assess the effect these features had on flow paths and times. Pump tests, slug tests, packer tests, core tests, and estimates were used to define hydraulic properties for model input. The model was calibrated with water-level data from monitor wells and from wire-line piezometers near amore » test shaft excavated by the SSC project. A ratio of vertical-to-horizontal permeability of 0.0085 was estimated through model calibration. A chalk-to-marl permeability ratio of 18 was needed to reproduce artesian head in a well completed in chalk beneath marl. Hydraulic head distributions and ground-water flow paths reflected local, intermediate, and regional flow systems with recharge beneath upland surface-water divides and discharge in valleys. Most of the flow (99%) occurred in the weathered zone, with average residence times of 5 to 10 years. Residence time in unweathered chalk bedrock was substantially longer, at an average of 1.7 Ma. As expected, the model demonstrated that deep and rapid ground-water circulation might occur in fracture zones. Particle paths calculated using MODPATH showed that ground-water travel times from recharge areas to the SSC subsurface facilities might be 20 to 60 years where flow is through fracture zones.« less

Methamphetamine and amphetamine concentrations in survivors of body-packer syndrome in Japan.

PubMed

Uekusa, Kyoko; Hayashida, Makiko; Saito, Nobuyuki; Mashiko, Kunihiro; Hara, Kenji; Waters, Brian; Ohno, Youkichi

2013-04-10

There are few reports from Japan on the analysis of fluids in survivors of body-packer syndrome. We analyzed the concentrations of stimulants in the serum, plasma and urine collected from three patients suspected of being body packers at immigration that were referred to hospitals between 2010 and 2011. The drugs were extracted with solid-phase columns and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In all cases, wrapped, cylindrical packets of foreign bodies were detected in the intestinal tract on plain X-ray (X-P) and computed tomography (CT), and they were eventually removed surgically. In case 1, the patient presented with convulsions and tachycardia at admission to the hospital and one of the packets was found to have ruptured. In case 2, although the subject appeared to have an intestinal obstruction caused by the packets on the third day, he exhibited no symptoms on arrival and the packets did not appear to have ruptured. In case 3, the patient exhibited restlessness on the first day and one of the removed packets had ruptured. In all cases, methamphetamine (MA) and amphetamine (AP) were detected in serum, plasma and urine. In this study, we report the variation in MA and AP concentrations in survivors of body-packer syndrome. The serum and plasma concentrations of MA were high in subjects that exhibited symptoms of MA intoxication. MA and AP were also detected in the case in which the patient exhibited no symptoms of intoxication and the packets had not ruptured. These results suggest either that the stimulants may have seeped through the wrap of the packets, or that the subject had been abusing the drugs. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Using Boreholes as Windows into Groundwater Ecosystems

PubMed Central

Sorensen, James P. R.; Maurice, Louise; Edwards, François K.; Lapworth, Daniel J.; Read, Daniel S.; Allen, Debbie; Butcher, Andrew S.; Newbold, Lindsay K.; Townsend, Barry R.; Williams, Peter J.

2013-01-01

Groundwater ecosystems remain poorly understood yet may provide ecosystem services, make a unique contribution to biodiversity and contain useful bio-indicators of water quality. Little is known about ecosystem variability, the distribution of invertebrates within aquifers, or how representative boreholes are of aquifers. We addressed these issues using borehole imaging and single borehole dilution tests to identify three potential aquifer habitats (fractures, fissures or conduits) intercepted by two Chalk boreholes at different depths beneath the surface (34 to 98 m). These habitats were characterised by sampling the invertebrates, microbiology and hydrochemistry using a packer system to isolate them. Samples were taken with progressively increasing pumped volume to assess differences between borehole and aquifer communities. The study provides a new conceptual framework to infer the origin of water, invertebrates and microbes sampled from boreholes. It demonstrates that pumping 5 m3 at 0.4–1.8 l/sec was sufficient to entrain invertebrates from five to tens of metres into the aquifer during these packer tests. Invertebrates and bacteria were more abundant in the boreholes than in the aquifer, with associated water chemistry variations indicating that boreholes act as sites of enhanced biogeochemical cycling. There was some variability in invertebrate abundance and bacterial community structure between habitats, indicating ecological heterogeneity within the aquifer. However, invertebrates were captured in all aquifer samples, and bacterial abundance, major ion chemistry and dissolved oxygen remained similar. Therefore the study demonstrates that in the Chalk, ecosystems comprising bacteria and invertebrates extend from around the water table to 70 m below it. Hydrogeological techniques provide excellent scope for tackling outstanding questions in groundwater ecology, provided an appropriate conceptual hydrogeological understanding is applied. PMID:23936176

Mal-Xtract: Hidden Code Extraction using Memory Analysis

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lim, Charles; Syailendra Kotualubun, Yohanes; Suryadi; Ramli, Kalamullah

2017-01-01

Software packer has been used effectively to hide the original code inside a binary executable, making it more difficult for existing signature based anti malware software to detect malicious code inside the executable. A new method of written and rewritten memory section is introduced to to detect the exact end time of unpacking routine and extract original code from packed binary executable using Memory Analysis running in an software emulated environment. Our experiment results show that at least 97% of the original code from the various binary executable packed with different software packers could be extracted. The proposed method has also been successfully extracted hidden code from recent malware family samples.

Changes in the saltwater interface corresponding to the installation of a seepage barrier near Lake Okeechobee, Florida

USGS Publications Warehouse

Prinos, Scott T.; Valderrama, Robert

2015-01-01

At five of the monitoring-well cluster locations, a long-screened well was also installed for monitoring and comparison purposes. These long-screened wells are 160 to 200 ft deep, and have open intervals ranging from 145 to 185 ft in length. Water samples were collected at depth intervals of about 5 to 10 ft, using 3-ft-long straddle packers to isolate each sampling interval. The results of monitoring conducted using these long-screened interval wells were generally too variable to identify any changes that might be associated with the seepage barrier. Samples from one of these long-screened interval wells failed to detect the saltwater interface evident in samples and TSEMIL datasets from a collocated well cluster. This failure may have been caused by downward flow of freshwater from above the saltwater interface in the well bore.

Project DEEP STEAM

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aeschliman, D. P.; Clay, R. G.; Donaldson, A. B.; Eisenhawer, S. W.; Fox, R. L.; Johnson, D. R.; Mulac, A. J.

1982-01-01

The objective of Project DEEP STEAM is to develop the technology to economically produce heavy oils from deep reservoirs. The tasks included in this project are the development of thermally efficient delivery systems and downhole steam generation systems. During the period January 1-March 31, 1981, effort has continued on a low pressure combustion downhole generator (Rocketdyne), and on two high pressure designs (Foster-Miller Associates, Sandia National Laboratories). The Sandia design was prepared for deployment in the Wilmington Field at Long Beach, California. Progress continued on the Min-Stress II packer concept at L'Garde, Inc., and on the extruded metal packer at Foster-Miller. Initial bare string field data are reported on the insulated tubular test at Lloydminster, Saskatchewan, Canada.

High speed, very large (8 megabyte) first in/first out buffer memory (FIFO)

DOEpatents

Baumbaugh, Alan E.; Knickerbocker, Kelly L.

1989-01-01

A fast FIFO (First In First Out) memory buffer capable of storing data at rates of 100 megabytes per second. The invention includes a data packer which concatenates small bit data words into large bit data words, a memory array having individual data storage addresses adapted to store the large bit data words, a data unpacker into which large bit data words from the array can be read and reconstructed into small bit data words, and a controller to control and keep track of the individual data storage addresses in the memory array into which data from the packer is being written and data to the unpacker is being read.

3D Transient Hydraulic Tomography (3DTHT): An Efficient Field and Modeling Method for High-Resolution Estimation of Aquifer Heterogeneity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Barrash, W.; Cardiff, M. A.; Kitanidis, P. K.

2012-12-01

The distribution of hydraulic conductivity (K) is a major control on groundwater flow and contaminant transport. Our limited ability to determine 3D heterogeneous distributions of K is a major reason for increased costs and uncertainties associated with virtually all aspects of groundwater contamination management (e.g., site investigations, risk assessments, remediation method selection/design/operation, monitoring system design/operation). Hydraulic tomography (HT) is an emerging method for directly estimating the spatially variable distribution of K - in a similar fashion to medical or geophysical imaging. Here we present results from 3D transient field-scale experiments (3DTHT) which capture the heterogeneous K distribution in a permeable, moderately heterogeneous, coarse fluvial unconfined aquifer at the Boise Hydrogeophysical Research Site (BHRS). The results are verified against high-resolution K profiles from multi-level slug tests at BHRS wells. The 3DTHT field system for well instrumentation and data acquisition/feedback is fully modular and portable, and the in-well packer-and-port system is easily assembled and disassembled without expensive support equipment or need for gas pressurization. Tests are run for 15-20 min and the aquifer is allowed to recover while the pumping equipment is repositioned between tests. The tomographic modeling software developed uses as input observations of temporal drawdown behavior from each of numerous zones isolated in numerous observation wells during a series of pumping tests conducted from numerous isolated intervals in one or more pumping wells. The software solves for distributed K (as well as storage parameters Ss and Sy, if desired) and estimates parameter uncertainties using: a transient 3D unconfined forward model in MODFLOW, the adjoint state method for calculating sensitivities (Clemo 2007), and the quasi-linear geostatistical inverse method (Kitanidis 1995) for the inversion. We solve for K at >100,000 sub-m3 (1m x 1m x 0.6m) locations in a 60m x 60m x 18m modeled volume of the BHRS, with the primary investigated volume approximately 12m x 8m x 16m. Computing times are reasonable on high-end desktop computers or small clusters; we are investigating additional efficiency improvements with massive parallelization. Results from complete coverage (1m-length zones) in one pumping well and five observation wells provide a basis for evaluating method resolution capabilities by comparing K statistics from solutions with all tests and observations against partial test and observation coverage, and against independent K measurements at wells with multi-level slug tests. From these analyses we show that 3DTHT compares well with slug test results, and high-resolution information on heterogeneity is lost rapidly with reduction in test or observation coverage.

NanTroSEIZE observatories: Installation of a long-term borehole monitoring systems offshore the Kii Peninsula, Japan

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kopf, A.; Saffer, D. M.; Davis, E. E.; Araki, E.; Kinoshita, M.; Lauer, R. M.; Wheat, C. G.; Kitada, K.; Kimura, T.; Toczko, S.; Eguchi, N. O.; Science Parties, E.

2010-12-01

The IODP Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment (NanTroSEIZE) is a multi-expedition drilling program designed to investigate fault mechanics, fault slip behavior, and strain accumulation along subduction megathrusts, through coring, logging, and long-term monitoring experiments. One key objective is the development and installation of a borehole observatory network extending from locations above the outer, presumably aseismic accretionary wedge to the seismogenic and interseismically locked plate interface, to record seismicity and slip transients, monitor strain accumulation, document hydraulic transients associated with deformation events, and quantify in situ pore fluid pressure and temperature. As part of recent NanTroSEIZE operations, borehole instruments have been developed for deployment at two sites: (1) Site C0010, which penetrates a major out-of-sequence thrust fault termed the “megasplay” at ca. 400 mbsf, and (2) Site C0002 in the Kumano forearc basin at a location that overlies both the updip edge of the inferred interseismically locked portion of the plate interface, and clusters of very low frequency thrust and reverse earthquakes located within the accretionary prism and potentially on the megasplay fault. In 2009, Site C0010 was drilled and cased with screens to access the megasplay fault, and a simple pore pressure and temperature monitoring system (a ”smartplug”) was installed. The simple observatory unit includes pressure and temperature sensors and a data logging package mounted beneath a mechanically set retrievable casing packer, and includes two pressure sensors, one in hydraulic communication with the formation through the casing screens below the packer, and the other to the open borehole above the packer to record hydrostatic reference pressure and ocean loading signals. Temperatures are recorded within the instrument package using a platinum thermometer and by a self-contained miniature temperature logger (MTL). In fall 2010, the smartplug will be retrieved and replaced with an upgraded instrument package that also includes an autonomous osmotic geochemical sampling system and microbial colonization experiment. Fall 2010 operations will also drill and case Site C0002 to ca. 1000 m depth and install a newly developed multi-sensor permanent observatory system, which includes a volumetric strainmeter, a broadband seismometer, tiltmeter, thermister string, and multi-level pore-pressure sensors. The strain, seismometer, and tilt sensors will be cemented with the basal mudstones of the Kumano basin, and pore pressure will be monitored within both the underlying accretionary prism and within the lower basin sediments. The observatory will ultimately be connected to the seafloor fiber-optic cable network DONET. Here, we report on the retrieval of the smartplug, installation and configuration of the new multi-sensor permanent observatory, and preliminary data obtained from the smartplug deployment.

An update of hydrologic conditions and distribution of selected constituents in water, Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho, emphasis 2006-08

USGS Publications Warehouse

Davis, Linda C.

2010-01-01

Since 1952, radiochemical and chemical wastewater discharged to infiltration ponds (also called percolation ponds), evaporation ponds, and disposal wells at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has affected water quality in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer and perched groundwater zones underlying the INL. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, maintains groundwater monitoring networks at the INL to determine hydrologic trends, and to delineate the movement of radiochemical and chemical wastes in the aquifer and in perched groundwater zones. This report presents an analysis of water-level and water-quality data collected from aquifer and perched groundwater wells in the USGS groundwater monitoring networks during 2006-08. Water in the Snake River Plain aquifer primarily moves through fractures and interflow zones in basalt, generally flows southwestward, and eventually discharges at springs along the Snake River. The aquifer primarily is recharged from infiltration of irrigation water, infiltration of streamflow, groundwater inflow from adjoining mountain drainage basins, and infiltration of precipitation. From March-May 2005 to March-May 2008, water levels in wells generally remained constant or rose slightly in the southwestern corner of the INL. Water levels declined in the central and northern parts of the INL. The declines ranged from about 1 to 3 feet in the central part of the INL, to as much as 9 feet in the northern part of the INL. Water levels in perched groundwater wells around the Advanced Test Reactor Complex (ATRC) also declined. Detectable concentrations of radiochemical constituents in water samples from wells in the Snake River Plain aquifer at the INL generally decreased or remained constant during 2006-08. Decreases in concentrations were attributed to decreased rates of radioactive-waste disposal, radioactive decay, changes in waste-disposal methods, and dilution from recharge and underflow. In April or October 2008, reportable concentrations of tritium in groundwater ranged from 810 ? 70 to 8,570 ? 190 picocuries per liter (pCi/L), and the tritium plume extended south-southwestward in the general direction of groundwater flow. Tritium concentrations in water from wells completed in shallow perched groundwater at the ATRC were less than the reporting levels. Tritium concentrations in deep perched groundwater exceeded the reporting level in 11 wells during at least one sampling event during 2006-08 at the ATRC. Tritium concentrations from one or more zones in each well were reportable in water samples collected at various depths in six wells equipped with multi-level WestbayTM packer sampling systems. Concentrations of strontium-90 in water from 24 of 52 aquifer wells sampled during April or October 2008 exceeded the reporting level. Concentrations ranged from 2.2 ? 0.7 to 32.7 ? 1.2 pCi/L. Strontium-90 has not been detected within the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer beneath the ATRC partly because of the exclusive use of waste-disposal ponds and lined evaporation ponds rather than using the disposal well for radioactive-wastewater disposal at ATRC. At the ATRC, the strontium-90 concentration in water from one well completed in shallow perched groundwater was less than the reporting level. During at least one sampling event during 2006-08, concentrations of strontium-90 in water from nine wells completed in deep perched groundwater at the ATRC were greater than reporting levels. Concentrations ranged from 2.1?0.7 to 70.5?1.8 pCi/L. At the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), the reporting level was exceeded in water from two wells completed in deep perched groundwater. During 2006-08, concentrations of cesium-137, plutonium-238, and plutonium-239, -240 (undivided), and americium-241 were less than the reporting level in water samples from all wells and all zones in wells equipped with multi-level WestbayTM packer sampling systems

Emendation of genus Achromobacter and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (Yabuuchi and Yano) and proposal of Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) comb. nov., Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al.) comb. nov., and Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) comb. nov.

PubMed

Yabuuchi, E; Kawamura, Y; Kosako, Y; Ezaki, T

1998-01-01

Based on the results of GC content determination and 16S rRNA sequence analysis among the type strains of Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 4 Alcaligenes species, 5 Bordetella species, and 12 species of 4 other genera, the separation of genus Achromobacter Yabuuchi and Yano 1981, with the type species Achromobacter xylosoxidans, is confirmed. Alcaligenes ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) Aragno and Schlegel 1992 is a distinct species and not a senior synonym of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Alcaligenes ruhlandii and Alcaligenes piechaudii Kiredjian et al 1986 are transferred to genus Achromobacter. Thus 2 new combinations, Achromobacter ruhlandii (Packer and Vishniac) and Achromobacter piechaudii (Kiredjian et al) are proposed; their type strains are ATCC 15749 and ATCC 43552, respectively. Alcaligenes denitrificans Rüger and Tan 1983 is also transferred to genus Achromobacter and ranked down to the subspecies of Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Thus a new subspecies name, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. denitrificans (Rüger and Tan) is proposed. The type strain of the subspecies is ATCC 15173. This proposal automatically creates type subspecies, Achromobacter xylosoxidans subsp. xylosoxidans, with type strain ATCC 27061. An emended description of genus Achromobacter and of type species Achromobacter xylosoxidans are given.

Exploitation of agro-climatic environment for selection of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase producing salt tolerant indigenous plant growth promoting rhizobacteria.

PubMed

Misra, Sankalp; Dixit, Vijay Kant; Khan, Mohammad Haneef; Kumar Mishra, Shashank; Dviwedi, Gyanendra; Yadav, Sumit; Lehri, Alok; Singh Chauhan, Puneet

2017-12-01

A comprehensive survey for 09 agro-climatic zones of Uttar Pradesh, India was conducted to isolate and characterize salt tolerant 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase possessing plant growth promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria for salt stress amelioration in rice. Here, we have isolated 1125 bacteria having the ability to tolerate 1M NaCl and out of those, 560 were screened for utilizing ACC as sole nitrogen source. 560 isolates were subjected for bacteria coated seed germination assay under 100mM salt (NaCl) stress resulting to 77 isolates which were further evaluated for seed germination assay, PGP and abiotic stress tolerance ability in vitro. This evaluation revealed 15 potent rhizobacteria representing each agro-climatic zone and salt stress mitigation in vitro. In particular, the biomass obtained for bacteria coated rice seedlings were corroborated with the performance of isolates exhibiting maximum average indole acetic acid (IAA) production respective to the agro-climatic zone. Surprisingly based on 16S rRNA, much of the propitious isolates belonged to same specific epithet exhibited variedly in their characteristics. Overall, Bacillus spp. was explored as dominant genera in toto with highest distribution in Western Plain zone followed by Central zone. Therefore, this study provides a counter-intuitive perspective of selection of native microflora for their multifarious PGP and abiotic stress tolerance abilities based on the agro-climatic zones to empower the establishment and development of more suitable inoculants for their application in agriculture under local stress environments. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

High-resolution delineation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in a dipping, fractured mudstone: Depth- and strata-dependent spatial variability from rock-core sampling

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Goode, Daniel J.; Imbrigiotta, Thomas E.; Lacombe, Pierre J.

2014-12-01

Synthesis of rock-core sampling and chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOC) analysis at five coreholes, with hydraulic and water-quality monitoring and a detailed hydrogeologic framework, was used to characterize the fine-scale distribution of CVOCs in dipping, fractured mudstones of the Lockatong Formation of Triassic age, of the Newark Basin in West Trenton, New Jersey. From these results, a refined conceptual model for more than 55 years of migration of CVOCs and depth- and strata-dependent rock-matrix contamination was developed. Industrial use of trichloroethene (TCE) at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) from 1953 to 1995 resulted in dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) TCE and dissolved TCE and related breakdown products, including other CVOCs, in underlying mudstones. Shallow highly weathered and fractured strata overlie unweathered, gently dipping, fractured strata that become progressively less fractured with depth. The unweathered lithology includes black highly fractured (fissile) carbon-rich strata, gray mildly fractured thinly layered (laminated) strata, and light-gray weakly fractured massive strata. CVOC concentrations in water samples pumped from the shallow weathered and highly fractured strata remain elevated near residual DNAPL TCE, but dilution by uncontaminated recharge, and other natural and engineered attenuation processes, have substantially reduced concentrations along flow paths removed from sources and residual DNAPL. CVOCs also were detected in most rock-core samples in source areas in shallow wells. In many locations, lower aqueous concentrations, compared to rock core concentrations, suggest that CVOCs are presently back-diffusing from the rock matrix. Below the weathered and highly fractured strata, and to depths of at least 50 meters (m), groundwater flow and contaminant transport is primarily in bedding-plane-oriented fractures in thin fissile high-carbon strata, and in fractured, laminated strata of the gently dipping mudstones. Despite more than 18 years of pump and treat (P&T) remediation, and natural attenuation processes, CVOC concentrations in aqueous samples pumped from these deeper strata remain elevated in isolated intervals. DNAPL was detected in one borehole during coring at a depth of 27 m. In contrast to core samples from the weathered zone, concentrations in core samples from deeper unweathered and unfractured strata are typically below detection. However, high CVOC concentrations were found in isolated samples from fissile black carbon-rich strata and fractured gray laminated strata. Aqueous-phase concentrations were correspondingly high in samples pumped from these strata via short-interval wells or packer-isolated zones in long boreholes. A refined conceptual site model considers that prior to P&T remediation groundwater flow was primarily subhorizontal in the higher-permeability near surface strata, and the bulk of contaminant mass was shallow. CVOCs diffused into these fractured and weathered mudstones. DNAPL and high concentrations of CVOCs migrated slowly down in deeper unweathered strata, primarily along isolated dipping bedding-plane fractures. After P&T began in 1995, using wells open to both shallow and deep strata, downward transport of dissolved CVOCs accelerated. Diffusion of TCE and other CVOCs from deeper fractures penetrated only a few centimeters into the unweathered rock matrix, likely due to sorption of CVOCs on rock organic carbon. Remediation in the deep, unweathered strata may benefit from the relatively limited migration of CVOCs into the rock matrix. Synthesis of rock core sampling from closely spaced boreholes with geophysical logging and hydraulic testing improves understanding of the controls on CVOC delineation and informs remediation design and monitoring.

High-resolution delineation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds in a dipping, fractured mudstone: depth- and strata-dependent spatial variability from rock-core sampling

USGS Publications Warehouse

Goode, Daniel J.; Imbrigiotta, Thomas E.; Lacombe, Pierre J.

2014-01-01

Synthesis of rock-core sampling and chlorinated volatile organic compound (CVOC) analysis at five coreholes, with hydraulic and water-quality monitoring and a detailed hydrogeologic framework, was used to characterize the fine-scale distribution of CVOCs in dipping, fractured mudstones of the Lockatong Formation of Triassic age, of the Newark Basin in West Trenton, New Jersey. From these results, a refined conceptual model for more than 55 years of migration of CVOCs and depth- and strata-dependent rock-matrix contamination was developed. Industrial use of trichloroethene (TCE) at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) from 1953 to 1995 resulted in dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) TCE and dissolved TCE and related breakdown products, including other CVOCs, in underlying mudstones. Shallow highly weathered and fractured strata overlie unweathered, gently dipping, fractured strata that become progressively less fractured with depth. The unweathered lithology includes black highly fractured (fissile) carbon-rich strata, gray mildly fractured thinly layered (laminated) strata, and light-gray weakly fractured massive strata. CVOC concentrations in water samples pumped from the shallow weathered and highly fractured strata remain elevated near residual DNAPL TCE, but dilution by uncontaminated recharge, and other natural and engineered attenuation processes, have substantially reduced concentrations along flow paths removed from sources and residual DNAPL. CVOCs also were detected in most rock-core samples in source areas in shallow wells. In many locations, lower aqueous concentrations, compared to rock core concentrations, suggest that CVOCs are presently back-diffusing from the rock matrix. Below the weathered and highly fractured strata, and to depths of at least 50 meters (m), groundwater flow and contaminant transport is primarily in bedding-plane-oriented fractures in thin fissile high-carbon strata, and in fractured, laminated strata of the gently dipping mudstones. Despite more than 18 years of pump and treat (P&T) remediation, and natural attenuation processes, CVOC concentrations in aqueous samples pumped from these deeper strata remain elevated in isolated intervals. DNAPL was detected in one borehole during coring at a depth of 27 m. In contrast to core samples from the weathered zone, concentrations in core samples from deeper unweathered and unfractured strata are typically below detection. However, high CVOC concentrations were found in isolated samples from fissile black carbon-rich strata and fractured gray laminated strata. Aqueous-phase concentrations were correspondingly high in samples pumped from these strata via short-interval wells or packer-isolated zones in long boreholes. A refined conceptual site model considers that prior to P&T remediation groundwater flow was primarily subhorizontal in the higher-permeability near surface strata, and the bulk of contaminant mass was shallow. CVOCs diffused into these fractured and weathered mudstones. DNAPL and high concentrations of CVOCs migrated slowly down in deeper unweathered strata, primarily along isolated dipping bedding-plane fractures. After P&T began in 1995, using wells open to both shallow and deep strata, downward transport of dissolved CVOCs accelerated. Diffusion of TCE and other CVOCs from deeper fractures penetrated only a few centimeters into the unweathered rock matrix, likely due to sorption of CVOCs on rock organic carbon. Remediation in the deep, unweathered strata may benefit from the relatively limited migration of CVOCs into the rock matrix. Synthesis of rock core sampling from closely spaced boreholes with geophysical logging and hydraulic testing improves understanding of the controls on CVOC delineation and informs remediation design and monitoring.

Screening of antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria against different pathogens found in vacuum-packaged meat products.

PubMed

Awaisheh, Saddam S; Ibrahim, Salam A

2009-11-01

The objective of this work was to screen the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from different sources against different pathogens found in ready-to-eat vacuum-packaged meat products (RTE-VPMP). LAB were isolated from human, RTE-VPMP, fermented vegetables, and dairy samples. These isolates were assessed for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus using spot on lawn technique. Six LAB isolates-three from a human source, two from a RTE-VPMP source, and one from a fermented vegetable source-were found to be effective against all pathogenic strains. Antibacterial activities of cell-free neutral supernatant broths of these isolates were assessed against the different pathogenic strains to confirm bacteriocin production. All six isolates were effective against all pathogenic strains. LAB isolates from the human source had the highest antibacterial activity and were significantly more effective than other LAB isolates, with the inhibition zone ranging from 14 to 22 mm. Inhibition zones of RTE-VPMP LAB isolates were lower than those of human origin (inhibition zone range, 11-17 mm). The lowest activities were for the fermented vegetable isolate, for which inhibition zones ranged from 11 to 15 mm. The three isolates of human origin were identified as L. acidophilus, L. casei, and L. reuteri; the two isolates from RTE-VPMP source were both L. sake; and the one isolate of fermented vegetable origin was L. plantarum. Our results showed that nonmeat product-sourced LAB were effective against several foodborne pathogens, which suggests that they could be used as natural biopreservatives in many RTE-VPMP produced in Jordan.

Continuous monitoring of deep groundwater at the ice margin, Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Claesson Liljedahl, L.; Lehtinen, A. M.; Ruskeeniemi, T.; Engström, J.; Hansson, K.; Sundberg, J.; Henkemans, E.; Frape, S.; Johansson, S.; Acuna, J.

2012-12-01

The deep geologic repository (DGR) concept for the long-term management of used nuclear fuel involves the containment and isolation of used nuclear fuel at depths of approximately 500-1000 m below ground surface within a suitable geological formation for hundreds of thousands of years. A key objective of the used fuel DGR research programs of the Swedish, Finnish and Canadian nuclear waste management organizations (SKB, POSIVA and NWMO, respectively) is to further understanding of geosphere stability and long-term evolution. Future glaciation represents an intense external perturbation of a DGR situated in northern latitudes. To advance the understanding of processes associated with glaciation and their impact on the long-term performance of a DGR, the Greenland Analogue Project (GAP) was initiated by SKB, POSIVA and NWMO. The GAP was initiated in 2008 as a four-year field and modelling study utilizing the Greenland ice sheet and sub-surface conditions in West Greenland as an analogue for the conditions expected to prevail in Fennoscandia and Canada during future glacial cycles. One of the main aims of the GAP is to improve the understanding of how groundwater flow and water chemistry is influenced by an existing ice sheet and continuous permafrost. One way to study this is by monitoring deep drillholes. A 645 m deep drillhole (DH-GAP04) was drilled and instrumented in July 2011 at the ice-sheet margin in Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland to investigate the hydrogeochemical and hydrogeological conditions of a subglacial environment. Of particular interest is the recharge of glacial meltwater, and understanding to what depth it intrudes into the bedrock and whether it affects the chemistry and physico-chemical properties of the deep groundwater. DH-GAP04 is instrumented with a two-packer multi-sensor system, installed at a depth of 560 m, dividing the hole into three sections. The upper section extends from the base of permafrost (about 350 m) down to the upper packer and is 190 m. The mid section is straddled by the two packers and is 10 m long. The lower section extends from the lower packer to the bottom of the hole and is 80 m. DH-GAP04 enables; 1) sub-permafrost geochemical sampling and monitoring of pressure and EC in three sections; 2) temperature monitoring in the mid section and temperature profiling along the hole using multimode fiber-optic cables and the distributed temperature sensing technique (DTS), and; 3) estimation of rock mass hydraulic properties. DTS-data shows that permafrost extends to a depth of 350 m at the ice sheet margin. Results from the first year's monitoring and sampling of DH-GAP04 suggest that the upper and mid sections are hydraulically connected, but hydrogeochemically different. The upper and mid sections have similar transmissivities and fresh water heads, but the mid section with its small volume is believed to provide a good opportunity to observe possible interactions between deep groundwaters and subglacial meltwaters. The upper section is long, but flushing of drilling water contamination occurs at the same speed as for the mid section. The water in the upper section is isotopically lighter and more saline than the water in the mid section, while the lower section seems to be rather stagnant, but appears to contain an under pressurized fracture system discharging water from the hole.

Hydrogeologic framework, ground-water quality, and simulation of ground-water flow at the Fair Lawn Well Field Superfund site, Bergen County, New Jersey

USGS Publications Warehouse

Lewis-Brown, Jean C.; Rice, Donald E.; Rosman, Robert; Smith, Nicholas P.

2005-01-01

Production wells in the Westmoreland well field, Fair Lawn, Bergen County, New Jersey (the 'Fair Lawn well field Superfund site'), are contaminated with volatile organic compounds, particularly trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane. In 1983, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) placed the Westmoreland well field on its National Priority List of Superfund sites. In an effort to determine ground-water flow directions, contaminant-plume boundaries, and contributing areas to production wells in Fair Lawn, and to evaluate the effect of present pump-and-treat systems on flowpaths of contaminated ground water, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the USEPA, developed a conceptual hydrogeologic framework and ground-water flow model of the study area. MODFLOW-2000, the USGS three-dimensional finite-difference model, was used to delineate contributing areas to production wells in Fair Lawn and to compute flowpaths of contaminated ground water from three potential contaminant sources to the Westmoreland well field. Straddle-packer tests were used to determine the hydrologic framework of, distribution of contaminants in, and hydrologic properties of water-bearing and confining units that make up the fractured-rock aquifer underlying the study area. The study area consists of about 15 square miles in and near Fair Lawn. The area is underlain by 6 to 100 feet of glacial deposits and alluvium that, in turn, are underlain by the Passaic Formation. In the study area, the Passaic Formation consists of brownish-red pebble conglomerate, medium- to coarse-grained feldspathic sandstone, and micaceous siltstone. The bedrock strata strike N. 9o E. and dip 6.5o to the northwest. The bedrock consists of alternating layers of densely fractured rocks and sparsely fractured rocks, forming a fractured-rock aquifer. Ground-water flow in the fractured-rock aquifer is anisotropic as a result of the interlayering of dipping water-bearing and confining units. Wells of similar depth aligned along the strike of the bedding intersect the same water-bearing units, but wells aligned along the dip of the bedding may intersect different water-bearing units. Consequently, wells aligned along strike are in greater hydraulic connection than wells aligned along dip. The Borough of Fair Lawn pumps approximately 770 million gallons per year from 13 production wells. Hydrographs from six observation wells ranging in depth from 162 to 505 feet in Fair Lawn show that water levels in much of the study area are affected by pumping. Straddle packers were used to isolate discrete intervals within six open-hole observation wells owned by the Fair Lawn Water Department. Transmissivity, water-quality, and static-water-level data were obtained from the isolated intervals. Measured transmissivity ranged from near 0 to 8,900 feet squared per day. The broad range in measured transmissivity is a result of the heterogeneity of the fractured-rock aquifer. Eight water-bearing units and eight confining units were identified in the study area on the basis of transmissivity. The water-bearing units range in thickness from 21 to 95 feet; the mean thickness is 50 feet. The confining units range in thickness from 22 to 248 feet; the mean thickness is 83 feet. Water-level and water-quality data indicate effective separation of water-bearing units by the confining units. Water-quality samples were collected from the six observation wells at 16 depth intervals isolated by the straddle packers in 2000 and 2001. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds generally were low in samples from four of the wells, but were higher in samples from a well in Fair Lawn Industrial Park and in a well in the Westmoreland well field. The digital ground-water flow model was used to simulate steady-state scenarios representing conditions in the study area in 1991 and 2000. These years were chosen because during the intervening period,

7 CFR 1b.4 - Exclusion of agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... (2) Economic Research Service (3) [Reserved] (4) Federal Corp Insurance Corporation (5) Food and... Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (9) National Agricultural Library (10) National...

7 CFR 1b.4 - Exclusion of agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... (2) Economic Research Service (3) Extension Service (4) Federal Corp Insurance Corporation (5) Food... Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (9) National Agricultural Library (10) National...

7 CFR 1b.4 - Exclusion of agencies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... (2) Economic Research Service (3) [Reserved] (4) Federal Corp Insurance Corporation (5) Food and... Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (9) National Agricultural Library (10) National...

7 CFR 1212.100 - General.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

.... Referenda to determine whether eligible first handlers and importers of honey and honey products favor the issuance, continuance, amendment, suspension, or termination of the Honey Packers and Importers Research...

7 CFR 1212.103 - Instructions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH... been engaged in the handling or importation of honey or honey products and are subject to assessments...

7 CFR 1212.102 - Voting.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH...) Each eligible first handler and eligible importer of honey or honey products shall be entitled to cast...

Determining the vertical evolution of hydrodynamic parameters in weathered and fractured south Indian crystalline-rock aquifers: insights from a study on an instrumented site

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Boisson, A.; Guihéneuf, N.; Perrin, J.; Bour, O.; Dewandel, B.; Dausse, A.; Viossanges, M.; Ahmed, S.; Maréchal, J. C.

2015-02-01

Due to extensive irrigation, most crystalline aquifers of south India are overexploited. Aquifer structure consists of an upper weathered saprolite followed by a fractured zone whose fracture density decreases with depth. To achieve sustainable management, the evolution of hydrodynamic parameters (transmissivity and storage coefficient) by depth in the south Indian context should be quantified. Falling-head borehole permeameter tests, injection tests, flowmeter profiles, single-packer tests and pumping tests were carried out in the unsaturated saprolite and saturated fractured granite. Results show that the saprolite is poorly transmissive (T fs = 3 × 10-7 to 8.5 × 10-8 m2 s-1) and that the most conductive part of the aquifer corresponds to the bottom of the saprolite and the upper part of the fractured rock (T = 1.0 × 10-3 to 7.0 × 10-4 m2 s-1). The transmissivity along the profile is mostly controlled by two distinct conductive zones without apparent vertical hydraulic connection. The transmissivity and storage coefficient both decrease with depth depending on the saturation of the main fracture zones, and boreholes are not exploitable after a certain depth (27.5 m on the investigated section). The numerous investigations performed allow a complete quantification with depth of the hydrodynamic parameters along the weathering profile, and a conceptual model is presented. Hydrograph observations (4 years) are shown to be relevant as a first-order characterization of the media and diffusivity evolution with depth. The evolution of these hydrodynamic parameters along the profile has a great impact on groundwater prospecting, exploitation and transport properties in such crystalline rock aquifers.

7 CFR 989.14 - Packer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE RAISINS PRODUCED FROM GRAPES GROWN IN..., only if he stems, cleans with water subsequent to such dehydration, seeds or packages them for market...

Correlation of MIC value and disk inhibition zone diameters in clinical Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates.

PubMed

Bruin, Jacob P; Diederen, Bram M W; Ijzerman, Ed P F; Den Boer, Jeroen W; Mouton, Johan W

2013-07-01

Routine use of disk diffusion tests for detecting antibiotic resistance in Legionella pneumophila has not been described. The goal of this study was to determine the correlation of MIC values and inhibition zone diameter (MDcorr) in clinical L. pneumophila isolates. Inhibition zone diameter of 183 L. pneumophila clinical isolates were determined for ten antimicrobials. Disk diffusion results were correlated with MICs as determined earlier with E-tests. Overall the correlation of MIC values and inhibition zone diameters (MDcorr) of the tested antimicrobials is good, and all antimicrobials showed a WT distribution. Of the tested fluoroquinolones levofloxacin showed the best MDcorr. All macrolides showed a wide MIC distribution and good MDcorr. The MDcorr for cefotaxim, doxycycline and tigecycline was good, while for rifampicin and moxifloxacin, they were not. Overall good correlation between MIC value and disk inhibition zone were found for the fluoroquinolones, macrolides and cefotaxim. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from bekasam against staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and salmonella sp

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Sari, Melia; Suryanto, Dwi; Yurnaliza

2018-03-01

Bekasam is an Indonesian fermented food made of fish. As a fermented food, this food may contain some beneficial bacteria like lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which usually have antimicrobial properties such as organic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and a bacteriocin. A study on antimicrobial activity of LAB isolated from bekasam against some pathogenic bacteria has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to know the ability of crude bacteriocin produced LAB of bekasam against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Salmonella sp. Bekasam sample was taken from South Sumatera. LAB isolation was done using de Man Rogosa and Sharpe agar. A bacterial colony with clear zone was selected and purified to get a single colony. The antagonistic assay of the LAB was conducted in Muller-Hinton agar Selected isolates with higher clearing zone were assayed for antibacterial effect of their crude bacteriocin of different culture incubation time of 6, 9, and 12 hours. The results showed that the crude extract bacteriocin of isolate MS2 of 9 hours culture incubation time inhibited more in Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with inhibition zone of 13.1 mm, whereas isolate MS9 of 9 hours culture incubation time inhibited more in Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Salmonella sp. with inhibition zone of 12.7 and 7.3 mm, respectively.

Hydrogeologic data from the US Geological Survey test wells near Waycross, Ware County, Georgia

USGS Publications Warehouse

Matthews, S.E.; Krause, R.E.

1983-01-01

Two wells were constructed near Waycross, Ware County, Georgia, from July 1980 to May 1981 to collect stratigraphic, structural, geophysical, hydrologic, hydraulic, and geochemical information for the U.S. Geological Survey Tertiary Limestone Regional Aquifer-System Analysis. Data collection included geologic sampling and coring, borehole geophysical logging, packer testing, water-level measuring, water-quality sampling, and aquifer testing. In the study area, the Tertiary limestone aquifer system is about 1,300 feet thick and is confined and overlain by about 610 feet of clastic sediments. The aquifer system consists of limestone, dolomite, and minor evaporites and has high porosity and permeability. A 4-day continuous discharge aquifer test was conducted, from which a transmissivity of about 1 million feet squared per day and a storage coefficient of 0.0001 were calculated. Water from the upper part of the aquifer is of a calcium bicarbonate type. The deeper highly mineralized zone produces a sodium bicarbonate type water in which concentrations of magnesium, sulfate, chloride, sodium, and some trace metals increase with depth. (USGS)

Laboratory imaging of hydraulic fractures using microseismicity

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zeng, Zhengwen

2002-09-01

This dissertation starts with an investigation of the industry's needs for future research and development of hydraulic fracturing (HF) technology. Based on the investigation results of a questionnaire answered by some industrial experts, it was found that reliable hydraulic fracturing diagnostic techniques are in need. Further critical review showed that the microseismic method was one of the most promising techniques that needed further development. Developing robust algorithms and software for locating the coordinates of hydraulic fracturing-induced microseismic events, and for simulating the first motion of the induced waveforms were central tasks for this research. In addition, initiation and propagation characteristics of asymmetrical hydraulic fractures were investigated; a recent discovered tight gas sandstone was systematically characterized; a method for measuring Mode-I fracture toughness was upgraded; and the packer influence on the initiation of asymmetrical fractures was numerically simulated. By completing this research, the following contributions have been made: (1) Development of a simplex-based microseismic LOCATION program. This program overcame the shortcoming of ill-conditioning-prone conditions encountered in conventional location programs. (2) Development of a variance-based computer program, ArrTime, to automatically search the first arrival times from the full waveform data points. (3) Development of the first motion simulator of the induced microseismic waveforms. Using this program, the first motion waveform amplitude in any direction at any location induced from seismic sources at an arbitrary location in a known fracturing mode can be calculated. (4) Complete characterization of a newly discovered tight gas formation, the Jackfork sandstone. (5) Upgrade of a core sample-based method for the measurement of fracture toughness. Mode-I fracture toughness of common core samples in any direction can be measured using this method. (6) Discern of the packer influence on HF initiation. It is numerically shown that a properly functioning packer would transfer tensile stress concentrations from the sealed ends to the borehole wall in the maximum principal stress direction. In contrast, a malfunctioning packer would induce tensile stress concentrations at the sealed ends that, in turn, induces transverse fractures. (7) Image of dynamics of the asymmetrical hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation.

Emulsification of hydrocarbons by subsurface bacteria

USGS Publications Warehouse

Francy, D.S.; Thomas, J.M.; Raymond, R.L.; Ward, C.H.

1991-01-01

Biosurfactants have potential for use in enhancement of in situ biorestoration by increasing the bioavailability of contaminants. Microorganisms isolated from biostimulated, contaminated and uncontaminated zones at the site of an aviation fuel spill and hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms isolated from sites contaminated with unleaded gasoline were examined for their abilities to emulsify petroleum hydrocarbons. Emulsifying ability was quantified by a method involving agitation and visual inspection. Biostimulated-zone microbes and hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were the best emulsifiers as compared to contaminated and uncontaminated zone microbes. Biostimulation (nutrient and oxygen addition) may have been the dominant factor which selected for and encouraged growth of emulsifiers; exposure to hydrocarbon was also important. Biostimulated microorganisms were better emulsifiers of aviation fuel (the contaminant hydrocarbon) than of heavier hydrocarbon to which they were not previously exposed. By measuring surface tension changes of culture broths, 11 out of 41 emulsifiers tested were identified as possible biosurfactant producers and two isolates produced large surface tension reductions indicating the high probability of biosurfactant production.Biosurfactants have potential for use in enhancement of in situ biorestoration by increasing the bioavailability of contaminants. Microorganisms isolated from biostimulated, contaminated and uncontaminated zones at the site of an aviation fuel spill and hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms isolated from sites contaminated with unleaded gasoline were examined for their abilities to emulsify petroleum hydrocarbons. Emulsifying ability was quantified by a method involving agitation and visual inspection. Biostimulated-zone microbes and hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were the best emulsifiers as compared to contaminated and uncontaminated zone microbes. Biostimulation (nutrient and oxygen addition) may have been the dominant factor which selected for and encouraged growth of emulsifiers; exposure to hydrocarbon was also important. Biostimulated microorganisms were better emulsifiers of aviation fuel (the contaminant hydrocarbon) than of heavier hydrocarbon to which they were not previously exposed. By measuring surface tension changes of culture broths, 11 out of 41 emulsifiers tested were identified as possible biosurfactant producers and two isolates produced large surface tension reductions, indicating a high probability of biosurfactant production.

Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy Development Program: Annual report, fiscal year 1985

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Brown, D.W.; Franke, P.R.; Smith, M.C.

1987-01-01

The primary objective for the Hot Dry Rock Program at the Los Alamos National Laboratory during fiscal year 1985 was to complete the Phase 2 reservoir connection and to begin flow testing the resulting reservoir. The connection was achieved through redrilling one well and additional fracturing operations, and progress was made toward developing a detailed understanding of the fractured region through a variety of reservoir interrogation methods. Other accomplishments during the fiscal year included improvement of the high-temperature, inflatable, open-hole packer used to isolate sections of the uncased wellbore in collaboration with the Baker Corporation and the design and fabricationmore » of a high-temperature borehole acoustic televiewer in a cooperative program with a research institute in West Germany. Progress was also made in techniques for the collection and analysis of microseismic data. Reservoir-engineering activities and geochemical studies, as well as the more routine support activities, continued in FY85. 18 refs., 15 figs.« less

Detection of drugs in the urine of body-packers.

PubMed

Gherardi, R K; Baud, F J; Leporc, P; Marc, B; Dupeyron, J P; Diamant-Berger, O

1988-05-14

The presence of opiates and benzoylecgonine, the major metabolite of cocaine, in the urine was detected by means of enzyme immunoassay in a series of 120 smugglers who had either ingested or inserted into their rectum cocaine or heroin packaged for transportation. There was a striking relation between the presence of drugs in the urine and swallowing of drug-filled bundles (cocaine 49 of 50 cases, heroin 9 of 10). The proportion of positive results was also high in cases of rectal insertion (cocaine 2 of 2, heroin 35 of 58). In 30 cases of cocaine-packet ingestion, serial measurements showed that the accuracy of the test progressively decreased with respect to the detection of residual packets in the body. Drug detection in the urine of suspected body-packers seems to be a useful test, positive results justifying subsequent radiological investigations.

[Cocaine smuggling in the gastrointestinal tract--the case report with the review of literature].

PubMed

Ciszowski, Krzysztof; Hydzik, Piotr; Waldman, Wojciech; Sein Anand, Jacek

2005-01-01

Body-packing is the way of psychoactive substances smuggling by swallowing of carefully prepared packages with drugs into the gastrointestinal tract or by insertion them into the vagina or the rectum, especially in order to avoid finding them by the custom service. Cocaine, as well as opiates, is the one of the most often smuggled drugs by so called body-packers. In the present study the first case of the body-packer from Malopolska region in Poland, who was observed in the Toxicology Department of the Collegium Medicum UJ, was described. The 29-year-old man swallowed 60 packages containing cocaine with a total net weight of about 500 grams. The plain abdominal radiography revealed multiple shadows of foreign bodies in the gastrointestinal tract, but the results of blood and urine cocaine measurements were negative. During the 37-hours stay in our department the patient was monitored (blood pressure, heart rate, temperature), laxatives and oral fluids were administered. All the packages were evacuated through the natural way and it was followed up by the control abdominal radiography. No symptoms of acute cocaine intoxication or any other complications were observed. According to the case there is also the thorough review of literature presented including the kinds of body-packing, the diagnostic methods used in recognizing of body-packers and the ways of their treatment taking into consideration the conservative management as well as surgical methods.

Deployment operation of NanTroSEIZE C0002 riserless LTBMS

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kyo, N.; Saruhashi, T.; Sawada, I.; Namba, Y.; Kitada, K.; Kimura, T.; Toczko, S.; Araki, E.; Kopf, A.; IODP EXP 332 Scientists

2011-12-01

The installation of LTBMS (Long Term Borehole Monitoring System) for NanTroSEIZE (Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment) C0002 riserless hole was successfully carried out as part of IODP Expedition 332 operations by DV Chikyu in November - December 2010. The water depth of the site and penetration depth of the hole are 1937.5 m and 980 mbsf respectively. Casing (9-5/8") was set to the depth of 888 mbsf and below the CORK head, 3-1/2" tubing was deployed inside the casing as the support structure for the downhole instruments. Within the rat hole section, two pressure ports, a strain meter, a tilt meter, a broadband seismometer, geophone, and accelerometer were deployed. These seismic and geodetic sensors were set within the borehole, and coupled to the formation via cement whose physical properties (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, density) were adjusted to fit the formation's properties. Screen sections were set to access the pore fluids, while isolating them from the sea floor and the lower lithological units by a swellable packer, and cement, respectively. At the top of wellhead, and at the apex of the 3-1/2" tubing assembly, a CORK head was landed. The CORK head holds the pressure sensor unit (4 pressure sensors), underwater mateable data connectors (connected to the cemented sensors), and hydraulic valves to access and sample formation fluids by ROV. The major scientific features of the Hole C0002G (riserless) LTBMS are sensors monitoring multiple parameters related to seismic, geodetic and pore fluid behavior simultaneously at distinct, multiple, layers within the same borehole. The main technical difficulties in the LTBMS development are as follows: (1) Reduction method for current-induced VIV (Vortex Induced Vibration) (2) Borehole coupling for seismic and geodetic sensors (3) Anti-vibration/shock and protection method for borehole sensors/instruments (4) Attachment and protection for sensor cables and pressure lines (5) Zone isolation for multi-layer pressure measurements (6) Wellhead system (CORK) for data connection to submarine cable network (7) Downsizing borehole instruments (installation with 3-1/2-in tubing) (8) System reliability (redundant sensor system) We carried out sea trials using a dummy sensor assembly to study the effects of deploying the assembly in strong currents, and also carried out additional pool experiments and numerical simulations to evaluate VIV countermeasures. Through shock and vibration mechanical tests, we improved the robustness of sensors and the sensor carrier. As part of these investigations, we conducted risk analysis based on the operation, science, and engineering points of view from, which helped clarify operational procedures for actual deployment. Future plans include returning to Hole C0002G site to deploy a data logger and battery for temporary observations. After examining the data quality, we'll finally connect the LTBMS to the DONET (Dense Oceanfloor Network System for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) submarine cabled network. Plans are also underway for deploying more LTBMS's into Site C0010 (riserless) and Site C0002 (riser).

The Rhizoctonia solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) transcriptome during interaction with the host plant lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

PubMed

Verwaaijen, Bart; Wibberg, Daniel; Kröber, Magdalena; Winkler, Anika; Zrenner, Rita; Bednarz, Hanna; Niehaus, Karsten; Grosch, Rita; Pühler, Alfred; Schlüter, Andreas

2017-01-01

The necrotrophic pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most economically important soil-borne pathogens of crop plants. Isolates of R. solani AG1-IB are the major pathogens responsible for bottom-rot of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and are also responsible for diseases in other plant species. Currently, there is lack of information regarding the molecular responses in R. solani during the pathogenic interaction between the necrotrophic soil-borne pathogen and its host plant. The genome of R. solani AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14) was recently established to obtain insights into its putative pathogenicity determinants. In this study, the transcriptional activity of R. solani AG1-IB was followed during the course of its pathogenic interaction with the host plant lettuce under controlled conditions. Based on visual observations, three distinct pathogen-host interaction zones on lettuce leaves were defined which covered different phases of disease progression on tissue inoculated with the AG1-IB (isolate 7/3/14). The zones were defined as: Zone 1-symptomless, Zone 2-light brown discoloration, and Zone 3-dark brown, necrotic lesions. Differences in R. solani hyphae structure in these three zones were investigated by microscopic observation. Transcriptional activity within these three interaction zones was used to represent the course of R. solani disease progression applying high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of samples collected from each Zone. The resulting three transcriptome data sets were analyzed for their highest expressed genes and for differentially transcribed genes between the respective interaction zones. Among the highest expressed genes was a group of not previously described genes which were transcribed exclusively during early stages of interaction, in Zones 1 and 2. Previously described importance of up-regulation in R. solani agglutinin genes during disease progression could be further confirmed; here, the corresponding genes exhibited extremely high transcription levels. Most differentially higher expressed transcripts were found within Zone 2. In Zone 3, the zone with the strongest degree of interaction, gene transcripts indicative of apoptotic activity were highly abundant. The transcriptome data presented in this work support previous models of the disease and interaction cycle of R. solani and lettuce and may influence effective techniques for control of this pathogen.

78 FR 59647 - Opportunity for Designation in Unassigned Areas of Southeast Texas

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-09-27

...The Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA) is asking persons or governmental agencies interested in providing official services in unassigned areas of Southeast Texas to submit an application for designation.

9 CFR 201.2 - Terms defined.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Proceedings under the Packers and Stockyards Act, 9 CFR part 202; Statements of General Policy under the... definition of “stockyard” under section 302(a) of the Act. (j) Schedule means a tariff of rates and charges...

16 CFR 501.3 - Replacement bags for vacuum cleaners.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... statement appears on the principal display panel of the package accurately identifying the make and model of...) The name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, or distributor of the replacement bags, in...

7 CFR 801.10 - [Reserved

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false [Reserved] 801.10 Section 801.10 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... FOR GRAIN INSPECTION EQUIPMENT § 801.10 [Reserved] ...

Pneumonia cases following an EF-5 tornado.

PubMed

Forshee-Hakala, Beth A

2015-07-01

Infections following a natural disaster such as an EF-5 tornado can be atypical and difficult to treat. Studies have looked at illness following several natural disasters, but few have studied respiratory illness following a tornado. A review of patients with pneumonia admitted during the period from May 22, 2009, through May 21, 2012, was completed. The Tornado Zone Group included adult patients who lived or worked in the tornado zone during the year following the tornado. Data were isolated by number of pneumonia cases within and outside the tornado zone per month per year. An analysis of variance comparing the number of pneumonia cases from the tornado zone per month per year was significant at F2,38 = 12.93 and P < .001, with increased cases in the Tornado Zone Group (P < .05). A t test comparing age of pneumonia patients found Tornado Zone patients to be younger than controls (t390 = 5.14; P < .01). Microbes isolated from the Tornado Zone Group included uncommon pathogens not isolated during the 2 years prior. The number of pneumonia cases may increase following tornadoes. Although current guidelines recommend narrow-spectrum antibiotics for community-acquired pneumonia, results of this study suggest the possible need for broader antimicrobial coverage after tornadoes. Copyright © 2015 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Jensen, A.L.; Howard, C.L.; Jones, R.L.

Pore-pressure and fluid-flow tests were performed in 15 boreholes drilled into the bedded evaporites of the Salado Formation from within the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP). The tests measured fluid flow and pore pressure within the Salado. The boreholes were drilled into the previously undisturbed host rock around a proposed cylindrical test room, Room Q, located on the west side of the facility about 655 m below ground surface. The boreholes were about 23 m deep and ranged over 27.5 m of stratigraphy. They were completed and instrumented before excavation of Room Q. Tests were conducted in isolated zones atmore » the end of each borehole. Three groups of 5 isolated zones extend above, below, and to the north of Room Q at increasing distances from the room axis. Measurements recorded before, during, and after the mining of the circular test room provided data about borehole closure, pressure, temperature, and brine seepage into the isolated zones. The effects of the circular excavation were recorded. This data report presents the data collected from the borehole test zones between April 25, 1989 and November 25, 1991. The report also describes test development, test equipment, and borehole drilling operations.« less

Identification and dynamics of a cryptic suture zone in tropical rainforest

PubMed Central

Moritz, C.; Hoskin, C.J.; MacKenzie, J.B.; Phillips, B.L.; Tonione, M.; Silva, N.; VanDerWal, J.; Williams, S.E.; Graham, C.H.

2009-01-01

Suture zones, shared regions of secondary contact between long-isolated lineages, are natural laboratories for studying divergence and speciation. For tropical rainforest, the existence of suture zones and their significance for speciation has been controversial. Using comparative phylogeographic evidence, we locate a morphologically cryptic suture zone in the Australian Wet Tropics rainforest. Fourteen out of 18 contacts involve morphologically cryptic phylogeographic lineages, with mtDNA sequence divergences ranging from 2 to 15 per cent. Contact zones are significantly clustered in a suture zone located between two major Quaternary refugia. Within this area, there is a trend for secondary contacts to occur in regions with low environmental suitability relative to both adjacent refugia and, by inference, the parental lineages. The extent and form of reproductive isolation among interacting lineages varies across species, ranging from random admixture to speciation, in one case via reinforcement. Comparative phylogeographic studies, combined with environmental analysis at a fine-scale and across varying climates, can generate new insights into suture zone formation and to diversification processes in species-rich tropical rainforests. As arenas for evolutionary experimentation, suture zones merit special attention for conservation. PMID:19203915

21 CFR 201.301 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of estrogenic hormone preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... International Conference on the Standardization of Sex Hormones at London, England, on August 1, 1932. This unit... did not recommend the determination of the activity of nonhydroxyketonic forms of estrogenic hormones...

21 CFR 201.301 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of estrogenic hormone preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... International Conference on the Standardization of Sex Hormones at London, England, on August 1, 1932. This unit... did not recommend the determination of the activity of nonhydroxyketonic forms of estrogenic hormones...

21 CFR 201.301 - Notice to manufacturers, packers, and distributors of estrogenic hormone preparations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... International Conference on the Standardization of Sex Hormones at London, England, on August 1, 1932. This unit... did not recommend the determination of the activity of nonhydroxyketonic forms of estrogenic hormones...

7 CFR 1212.52 - Assessments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Expenses and Assessments § 1212.52 Assessments. (a) The...

7 CFR 1212.25 - Referendum.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.25 Referendum. “Referendum” means a...

7 CFR 1212.87 - Amendments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.87 Amendments. Amendments to this...

7 CFR 1212.1 - Act.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.1 Act. “Act” means the Commodity...

7 CFR 1212.82 - Suspension or termination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.82 Suspension or...

7 CFR 1212.30 - Terminate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.30 Terminate. “Terminate” means to...

7 CFR 1212.81 - Referenda.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.81 Referenda. (a) After the initial...

7 CFR 1212.4 - Department.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.4 Department. “Department” means the...

7 CFR 1212.5 - Exporter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.5 Exporter. “Exporter” means any...

7 CFR 1212.54 - Operating reserve.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Expenses and Assessments § 1212.54 Operating...

7 CFR 1212.85 - Personal liability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.85 Personal liability. No...

7 CFR 1212.86 - Separability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.86 Separability. If any provision...

7 CFR 1212.51 - Financial statements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Expenses and Assessments § 1212.51 Financial...

7 CFR 1212.11 - Importer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.11 Importer. “Importer” means any...

7 CFR 1212.17 - Person.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.17 Person. “Person” means any...

7 CFR 1212.46 - Powers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion... the Secretary for promotion, research, and information programs and plans including consumer and industry information, and advertising designed to strengthen the honey industry's position in the...

Influence of pressure change during hydraulic tests on fracture aperture.

PubMed

Ji, Sung-Hoon; Koh, Yong-Kwon; Kuhlman, Kristopher L; Lee, Moo Yul; Choi, Jong Won

2013-03-01

In a series of field experiments, we evaluate the influence of a small water pressure change on fracture aperture during a hydraulic test. An experimental borehole is instrumented at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) Underground Research Tunnel (KURT). The target fracture for testing was found from the analyses of borehole logging and hydraulic tests. A double packer system was developed and installed in the test borehole to directly observe the aperture change due to water pressure change. Using this packer system, both aperture and flow rate are directly observed under various water pressures. Results indicate a slight change in fracture hydraulic head leads to an observable change in aperture. This suggests that aperture change should be considered when analyzing hydraulic test data from a sparsely fractured rock aquifer. © 2012, The Author(s). Groundwater © 2012, National Ground Water Association.

Repairing casing at a gas storage field

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Hollenbaugh, B.

1992-09-01

This paper reports on the Leyden gas storage field which is a 1.5-Bcf working volume underground gas storage facility locating at the northwest edge of the Denver, Colo., metropolitan area. The field is owned by Public Service Co. of Colorado and operated by its wholly owned subsidiary, Western Gas Supply Co. Logging technology was instrumental in locating casing damage at two wells, identifying the extent of the damage and ensuring a successful repair. The well casings were repaired by installing a liner between two packers, with one packer set above the damage and the other set below it. Special equipmentmore » and procedures were required for workover and drilling operations because of the complications associated with cavern storage. Logging technology can locate damaged casing and evaluate the type and extent of the damage, and also predict the probability of gas migration behind the casing.« less

Quality and safety attributes of afghan raisins before and after processing

PubMed Central

McCoy, Stacy; Chang, Jun Won; McNamara, Kevin T; Oliver, Haley F; Deering, Amanda J

2015-01-01

Raisins are an important export commodity for Afghanistan; however, Afghan packers are unable to export to markets seeking high-quality products due to limited knowledge regarding their quality and safety. To evaluate this, Afghan raisin samples from pre-, semi-, and postprocessed raisins were obtained from a raisin packer in Kabul, Afghanistan. The raisins were analyzed and compared to U.S. standards for processed raisins. The samples tested did not meet U.S. industry standards for embedded sand and pieces of stem, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity. The Afghan raisins did meet or exceed U.S. Grade A standard for the number of cap-stems, percent damaged, crystallization levels, moisture content, and color. Following processing, the number of total aerobic bacteria, yeasts, molds, and total coliforms were within the acceptable limits. Although quality issues are present in the Afghan raisins, the process used to clean the raisins is suitable to maintain food safety standards. PMID:25650241

The outcome of drug smuggling by 'body packers'--the British experience.

PubMed Central

Bulstrode, N.; Banks, F.; Shrotria, S.

2002-01-01

Body packing or internal concealment used by drug dealers to smuggle illicit substances, puts the body packer at risk of both imprisonment and death. We report our experience over a 4 year period from January 1996 to December 1999 of suspects presenting to our hospital (the largest series in Europe). A total of 572 cases were assessed radiographically and 180 were shown to be carrying foreign bodies. The commonest reasons for admission were suspected overdose or gastrointestinal obstruction. Thirty-six cases were admitted, of whom 7 required surgical intervention. No deaths occurred. Of all people detained for smuggling by internal concealment into Britain during this period, 27% were seen in our hospital. These cases may present alone or escorted by Her Majesty's Customs and Excise personnel, and one must be aware of this possibility even when situated away from a port of entry. Images Figure 1 PMID:11890624

The outcome of drug smuggling by 'body packers'--the British experience.

PubMed

Bulstrode, N; Banks, F; Shrotria, S

2002-01-01

Body packing or internal concealment used by drug dealers to smuggle illicit substances, puts the body packer at risk of both imprisonment and death. We report our experience over a 4 year period from January 1996 to December 1999 of suspects presenting to our hospital (the largest series in Europe). A total of 572 cases were assessed radiographically and 180 were shown to be carrying foreign bodies. The commonest reasons for admission were suspected overdose or gastrointestinal obstruction. Thirty-six cases were admitted, of whom 7 required surgical intervention. No deaths occurred. Of all people detained for smuggling by internal concealment into Britain during this period, 27% were seen in our hospital. These cases may present alone or escorted by Her Majesty's Customs and Excise personnel, and one must be aware of this possibility even when situated away from a port of entry.

Molecular detection of establishment and geographical distribution of Brazilian isolates of Neozygites tanajoae, a fungus pathogenic to cassava green mite, in Benin (West Africa)

PubMed Central

Hanna, Rachid; von Tiedemann, Andreas

2010-01-01

Diagnostic PCR with two specific primer pairs (NEOSSU and 8DDC) were used to monitor the establishment and geographical distribution of Brazilian isolates of Neozygites tanajoae Delalibera, Hajek and Humber (Entomophthorales: Neozygitaceae) released in Benin for the biological control of the cassava green mite, Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar) (Acari: Tetranychidae). A total of 141 cassava fields were visited and samples of M. tanajoa suspected to be infected by N. tanajoae were collected in 60 fields distributed between the coastal Southern Forest Mosaic (SFM) and the Northern Guinea Savanna (NGS) zones of Benin, West Africa. Analysis of DNA samples of dead mites using the species specific NEOSSU primers revealed the presence of N. tanajoae in 46 fields. The second country specific pair of primers 8DDC revealed the presence of Brazilian isolates of N. tanajoae in 36 fields, representing 78.3% of fields positive for N. tanajoae. Brazilian isolates occurred from SFM to NGS zones in Benin, however, they were concentrated in fields located within former release zones (e.g. Department of Ouémé in the South and Borgou in the North). In contrast, the indigenous African isolates of N. tanajoae were evenly distributed in the sub-humid and humid savannah zones of the country. The mean infection rate of M. tanajoa with indigenous isolates of N. tanajoae was relatively low (5.3%) compared to Brazilian isolates (28%), indicating a higher biocontrol potential of the latter. This first post-release monitoring using PCR techniques showed that the Brazilian strains of N. tanajoae is well established in Benin and spread effectively in this area. PMID:20838883

Amylase production potentials of bacterial isolates obtained from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aryati, P. C.; Pangastuti, A.; Sari, S. L. A.

2017-04-01

Amylase is one of the main enzymes used in industry, such as food, detergent, textile, and pharmaceutical industry. Amylase can be produced by plants, animals, and microorganisms. However, bacterial and fungal amylases have dominated application in industries. This research was aimed to determine amylolytic activity of bacteria isolated from the gut of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae. Based on clear zone formation, 9 from 11 isolates showed amylolytic activity. Isolates with the widest clear zone, i.e Bacillus subtilis GOR1, Bacillus cereus GOR3, and Bacillus pumilus GOR2, were screened for amylolytic activity based on reduction sugar production. The result showed that Bacillus subtilis GOR1 was the most potential as amylase producer, showed by the widest clear zone 5.224 cm2 and highest reduction sugar production 0.0235 mg/ml. Highest amylase specific activity (0.1447 U/mg protein) was obtained at 60°C and pH 7. Amylase activity was stable for 3 hours at 60°C with residual activity respectively was 59.7%.

7 CFR 59.103 - Mandatory weekly reporting for steers and heifers.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... heifer packer processing plant shall report to the Secretary on the first reporting day of each week, not... slaughtered; (6) The quantity, basis level, basis level month, and delivery month and year for all cattle...

7 CFR 1212.6 - First handler.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.6 First handler. “First handler...

7 CFR 1212.9 - Honey.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.9 Honey. “Honey” means the nectar and...

7 CFR 1212.53 - Exemption from assessment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Expenses and Assessments § 1212.53 Exemption...

7 CFR 1212.18 - Plans and programs.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.18 Plans and programs...

7 CFR 1212.8 - Handle.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.8 Handle. “Handle” means to process...

7 CFR 1212.28 - Suspend.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.28 Suspend. “Suspend” means to issue...

7 CFR 1212.15 - Order.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.15 Order. “Order” means the Honey...

7 CFR 1212.7 - Fiscal period.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.7 Fiscal period. “Fiscal period...

7 CFR 1212.29 - State.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.29 State. “State” means any of the...

MECHANICAL INTEGRITY TESTING AND TRAINING FACILITY

EPA Science Inventory

Underground injection control regulations of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency require that all injection wells demonstrate mechanical integrity, which is defined as no significant leak in the casing, tubing or packer, and no significant fluid movement into an underground ...

7 CFR 800.195 - Delegations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... grain do not exceed, as determined by the Administrator, 5 per centum of the total amount of grain... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Delegations...

7 CFR 800.195 - Delegations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... grain do not exceed, as determined by the Administrator, 5 per centum of the total amount of grain... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Delegations...

7 CFR 800.195 - Delegations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... grain do not exceed, as determined by the Administrator, 5 per centum of the total amount of grain... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Delegations...

29 CFR 780.143 - Practices on a farm not performed for the farmer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... that the work of employees of a utility company in trimming and cutting trees for power and communications lines is part of a nonfarming enterprise outside the scope of agriculture. When a packer of...

7 CFR 810.103 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN General Provisions Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.103 Basis of...

7 CFR 810.306 - Nongrade requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Canola-Terms Defined Nongrade Requirements § 810.306 Nongrade...

7 CFR 1212.105 - Ballots.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Ballots. 1212.105 Section 1212.105 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH...

7 CFR 1212.106 - Referendum report.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Referendum report. 1212.106 Section 1212.106 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS...

7 CFR 1212.107 - Confidential information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Confidential information. 1212.107 Section 1212.107 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS...

7 CFR 1212.104 - Subagents.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Subagents. 1212.104 Section 1212.104 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH...

Effects of stratification, organic matter remineralization and bathymetry on summertime oxygen distribution in the Bohai Sea, China

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Zhao, Hua-De; Kao, Shuh-Ji; Zhai, Wei-Dong; Zang, Kun-Peng; Zheng, Nan; Xu, Xue-Mei; Huo, Cheng; Wang, Ju-Ying

2017-02-01

The Bohai Sea, a semi-enclosed shallow coastal sea with increasing nutrient loads, is susceptible to seasonal oxygen deficiency in its bottom waters, similar to many other areas of the worlds' coastal oceans. We examined the dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution in the Bohai during August 2014. Two oxygen-deficient zones (DO<92 μmol O2 kg-1) with a minimum DO of 80 μmol O2 kg-1 were documented. The area and volume of bottom oxygen-deficient water were 756 km2 and 7820×106 m3, with a mean thickness of 10 m. Thus, the Bohai is second to the Changjiang estuary in its oxygen-deficient zone size among China's coastal waters. We classified three hydrographic areas that dictated the distribution of DO: 1) the shallow well-mixed zone; 2) the laterally-open stratified zone; and 3) the isolated stratified zone. Vertical mixing dominated the shallow well-mixed zone leading to homogeneous DO in the water column. The laterally-open stratified zone was influenced by high DO and low temperature inflow through the northern Bohai Strait. The isolated stratified zones, i.e., the low DO areas, were found in depressed regions. The stoichiometric relationship between DO consumption and the corresponding enrichment of dissolved inorganic carbon suggested that the aerobic respiration of organic matter contributed to the oxygen-depletion in the isolated stratified zone. Overall, the bottom DO distribution in the Bohai system was controlled largely by lateral DO exchange modified by bathymetric features, while superimposed on that was the build-up of stratification caused by summer heating and the remineralization of organics sourced from spring phytoplankton bloom.

Applying tracer techniques to determine recharge rate, groundwater age and travel times in Permo-Triassic sandstones.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Butcher, Andrew; Gallagher, Alexander; Darling, W. George; Gooddy, Daren; Burke, Sean

2010-05-01

The Eden Valley in East Cumbria is underlain by Permo-Triassic sandstone, the major aquifer in Northwest England. Rising nitrate trends in some boreholes has prompted collaborative research into flow systems and timescales in the area. The use of slurry and artificial fertilisers following agricultural intensification during the 1980s is believed to be responsible for the rise in nitrate concentrations. The broad aim of this research is to enable prediction of future nitrate concentrations at abstraction boreholes and in groundwater discharge to surface water. The approach taken has been to study groundwater processes along a 4km transect (approximating a groundwater flowline) in order to estimate groundwater travel timescales through the sandstone and thin superficial Till . A combination of porewater sampling during borehole coring, discrete interval sampling using a borehole packer system, geophysical logging and imaging were employed to develop physical and hydrochemical profiles. Separate tracer techniques were used to estimate recharge rates at different parts of the transect. Tracers used were: deuterium and bromide through Till, nitrate, chloride and tritium through the unsaturated zone and CFCs and SF6 within the saturated zone. Tracer profiles in Till demonstrated a correspondence between Till thickness, type of cultivation and recharge rate. In the thick unsaturated zone of the sandstone they suggested relatively rapid groundwater recharge rates. Key fractures or fracture zones in the saturated sandstone were identified and sampled. The hydrochemistry (particularly nitrate) of samples from discrete intervals in the profiles exhibited a remarkably good relationship with the proportion of modern water (and year of recharge) for example, the age of groundwater increasing to c. 1950 towards the bottom of a 90m borehole. This work demonstrates that the combination of discrete sampling and dating of groundwater is a powerful tool in characterising groundwater movement and timescales in boreholes and hence in parts of aquifers where pollution is most significant. With timescales and processes better constrained, a more reliable prediction of nitrate (and other) trends can be made.

Purification of Germanium Crystals by Zone Refining

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kooi, Kyler; Yang, Gang; Mei, Dongming

2016-09-01

Germanium zone refining is one of the most important techniques used to produce high purity germanium (HPGe) single crystals for the fabrication of nuclear radiation detectors. During zone refining the impurities are isolated to different parts of the ingot. In practice, the effective isolation of an impurity is dependent on many parameters, including molten zone travel speed, the ratio of ingot length to molten zone width, and number of passes. By studying the theory of these influential factors, perfecting our cleaning and preparation procedures, and analyzing the origin and distribution of our impurities (aluminum, boron, gallium, and phosphorous) identified using photothermal ionization spectroscopy (PTIS), we have optimized these parameters to produce HPGe. We have achieved a net impurity level of 1010 /cm3 for our zone-refined ingots, measured with van der Pauw and Hall-effect methods. Zone-refined ingots of this purity can be processed into a detector grade HPGe single crystal, which can be used to fabricate detectors for dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay detection. This project was financially supported by DOE Grant (DE-FG02-10ER46709) and the State Governor's Research Center.

A Survey of Aflatoxin-Producing Aspergillus sp. from Peanut Field Soils in Four Agroecological Zones of China

PubMed Central

Zhang, Chushu; Selvaraj, Jonathan Nimal; Yang, Qingli; Liu, Yang

2017-01-01

Peanut pods are easily infected by aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp.ecies from field soil. To assess the aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp. in different peanut field soils, 344 aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus strains were isolated from 600 soil samples of four agroecological zones in China (the Southeast coastal zone (SEC), the Yangtze River zone (YZR), the Yellow River zone (YR) and the Northeast zone (NE)). Nearly 94.2% (324/344) of strains were A. flavus and 5.8% (20/344) of strains were A. parasiticus. YZR had the highest population density of Aspergillus sp. and positive rate of aflatoxin production in isolated strains (1039.3 cfu·g−1, 80.7%), the second was SEC (191.5 cfu·g−1, 48.7%), the third was YR (26.5 cfu·g−1, 22.7%), and the last was NE (2.4 cfu·g−1, 6.6%). The highest risk of AFB1 contamination on peanut was in YZR which had the largest number of AFB1 producing isolates in 1g soil, followed by SEC and YR, and the lowest was NE. The potential risk of AFB1 contamination in peanuts can increase with increasing population density and a positive rate of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp. in field soils, suggesting that reducing aflatoxigenic Aspergillus sp. in field soils could prevent AFB1 contamination in peanuts. PMID:28117685

A Survey of Aflatoxin-Producing Aspergillus sp. from Peanut Field Soils in Four Agroecological Zones of China.

PubMed

Zhang, Chushu; Selvaraj, Jonathan Nimal; Yang, Qingli; Liu, Yang

2017-01-20

Peanut pods are easily infected by aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp.ecies from field soil. To assess the aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp. in different peanut field soils, 344 aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus strains were isolated from 600 soil samples of four agroecological zones in China (the Southeast coastal zone (SEC), the Yangtze River zone (YZR), the Yellow River zone (YR) and the Northeast zone (NE)). Nearly 94.2% (324/344) of strains were A. flavus and 5.8% (20/344) of strains were A. parasiticus . YZR had the highest population density of Aspergillus sp. and positive rate of aflatoxin production in isolated strains (1039.3 cfu·g -1 , 80.7%), the second was SEC (191.5 cfu·g -1 , 48.7%), the third was YR (26.5 cfu·g -1 , 22.7%), and the last was NE (2.4 cfu·g -1 , 6.6%). The highest risk of AFB₁ contamination on peanut was in YZR which had the largest number of AFB₁ producing isolates in 1g soil, followed by SEC and YR, and the lowest was NE. The potential risk of AFB₁ contamination in peanuts can increase with increasing population density and a positive rate of aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus sp. in field soils, suggesting that reducing aflatoxigenic Aspergillus sp. in field soils could prevent AFB₁ contamination in peanuts.

Site characterization in densely fractured dolomite: Comparison of methods

USGS Publications Warehouse

Muldoon, M.; Bradbury, K.R.

2005-01-01

One of the challenges in characterizing fractured-rock aquifers is determining whether the equivalent porous medium approximation is valid at the problem scale. Detailed hydrogeologic characterization completed at a small study site in a densely fractured dolomite has yielded an extensive data set that was used to evaluate the utility of the continuum and discrete-fracture approaches to aquifer characterization. There are two near-vertical sets of fractures at the site; near-horizontal bedding-plane partings constitute a third fracture set. Eighteen boreholes, including five coreholes, were drilled to a depth of ???10.6 m. Borehole geophysical logs revealed several laterally extensive horizontal fractures and dissolution zones. Flowmeter and short-interval packer testing identified which of these features were hydraulically important. A monitoring system, consisting of short-interval piezometers and multilevel samplers, was designed to monitor four horizontal fractures and two dissolution zones. The resulting network consisted of >70 sampling points and allowed detailed monitoring of head distributions in three dimensions. Comparison of distributions of hydraulic head - and hydraulic conductivity determined by these two approaches suggests that even in a densely fractured-carbonate aquifer, a characterization approach using traditional long-interval monitoring wells is inadequate to characterize ground water movement for the purposes of regulatory monitoring or site remediation. In addition, traditional multiwell pumping tests yield an average or bulk hydraulic conductivity that is not adequate for predicting rapid ground water travel times through the fracture network, and the pumping test response does not appear to be an adequate tool for assessing whether the porous medium approximation is valid. Copyright ?? 2005 National Ground Water Association.

Site characterization in densely fractured dolomite: comparison of methods.

PubMed

Muldoon, Maureen; Bradbury, Ken R

2005-01-01

One of the challenges in characterizing fractured-rock aquifers is determining whether the equivalent porous medium approximation is valid at the problem scale. Detailed hydrogeologic characterization completed at a small study site in a densely fractured dolomite has yielded an extensive data set that was used to evaluate the utility of the continuum and discrete-fracture approaches to aquifer characterization. There are two near-vertical sets of fractures at the site; near-horizontal bedding-plane partings constitute a third fracture set. Eighteen boreholes, including five coreholes, were drilled to a depth of approximately 10.6 m. Borehole geophysical logs revealed several laterally extensive horizontal fractures and dissolution zones. Flowmeter and short-interval packer testing identified which of these features were hydraulically important. A monitoring system, consisting of short-interval piezometers and multilevel samplers, was designed to monitor four horizontal fractures and two dissolution zones. The resulting network consisted of >70 sampling points and allowed detailed monitoring of head distributions in three dimensions. Comparison of distributions of hydraulic head and hydraulic conductivity determined by these two approaches suggests that even in a densely fractured-carbonate aquifer, a characterization approach using traditional long-interval monitoring wells is inadequate to characterize ground water movement for the purposes of regulatory monitoring or site remediation. In addition, traditional multiwell pumping tests yield an average or bulk hydraulic conductivity that is not adequate for predicting rapid ground water travel times through the fracture network, and the pumping test response does not appear to be an adequate tool for assessing whether the porous medium approximation is valid.

75 FR 21366 - Investigations Regarding Certifications of Eligibility To Apply for Worker Adjustment Assistance

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-23

...). 73810 Gaming Partners Las Vegas, NV......... 03/30/10 03/25/10 International, USA (Company). 73811 Schrupp Industries, Inc. Packer, PA 03/30/10 03/26/10 (Workers). 73812 Johnson Controls, Inc. Rockwood, MI...

9 CFR 204.6 - Requests for records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.6...) is delegated to the Freedom of Information Act Officer of the Grain Inspection, Packers and... at the following address: Freedom of Information Act Officer (FOIA Request), Grain Inspection...

9 CFR 204.6 - Requests for records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.6...) is delegated to the Freedom of Information Act Officer of the Grain Inspection, Packers and... at the following address: Freedom of Information Act Officer (FOIA Request), Grain Inspection...

9 CFR 204.6 - Requests for records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.6...) is delegated to the Freedom of Information Act Officer of the Grain Inspection, Packers and... at the following address: Freedom of Information Act Officer (FOIA Request), Grain Inspection...

9 CFR 204.6 - Requests for records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.6...) is delegated to the Freedom of Information Act Officer of the Grain Inspection, Packers and... at the following address: Freedom of Information Act Officer (FOIA Request), Grain Inspection...

9 CFR 204.6 - Requests for records.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS Public Information § 204.6...) is delegated to the Freedom of Information Act Officer of the Grain Inspection, Packers and... at the following address: Freedom of Information Act Officer (FOIA Request), Grain Inspection...

7 CFR 1212.13 - Information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Information. 1212.13 Section 1212.13 Agriculture..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.13 Information. “Information” means...

7 CFR 1212.13 - Information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Information. 1212.13 Section 1212.13 Agriculture..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.13 Information. “Information” means...

7 CFR 1212.13 - Information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Information. 1212.13 Section 1212.13 Agriculture..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.13 Information. “Information” means...

7 CFR 1212.13 - Information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Information. 1212.13 Section 1212.13 Agriculture..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.13 Information. “Information” means...

7 CFR 1212.16 - Part and subpart.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.16 Part and subpart. “Part” means the...

7 CFR 1212.80 - Right of the Secretary.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Miscellaneous § 1212.80 Right of the Secretary...

77 FR 50561 - Livestock Mandatory Reporting Program; Establishment of the Reporting Regulation for Wholesale Pork

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-08-22

... regulatory text outlined in this final rule. Reporting Requirements Pork processors, or packers, will be... pork, processors of pork, retailers of pork, and buyers of wholesale pork; (iii) the USDA; and (iv... [[Page 50562

7 CFR 1212.13 - Information.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Information. 1212.13 Section 1212.13 Agriculture..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.13 Information. “Information” means...

7 CFR 1212.101 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... have title to, or leasehold interest in, honey bee colonies or beekeeping equipment as tenants in... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH... pounds of domestic honey and honey products during the representative period, who first buys or takes...

7 CFR 1212.101 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... have title to, or leasehold interest in, honey bee colonies or beekeeping equipment as tenants in... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH... pounds of domestic honey and honey products during the representative period, who first buys or takes...

7 CFR 1212.101 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... have title to, or leasehold interest in, honey bee colonies or beekeeping equipment as tenants in... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH... pounds of domestic honey and honey products during the representative period, who first buys or takes...

7 CFR 1212.101 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... have title to, or leasehold interest in, honey bee colonies or beekeeping equipment as tenants in... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS RESEARCH... pounds of domestic honey and honey products during the representative period, who first buys or takes...

9 CFR 202.101 - Rule 1: Meaning of words.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 9 Animals and Animal Products 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Rule 1: Meaning of words. 202.101 Section 202.101 Animals and Animal Products GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARDS ADMINISTRATION... vice versa, as the case may demand. ...

7 CFR 800.0 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 800.0 Section 800.0 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Definitions...

7 CFR 800.0 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 800.0 Section 800.0 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Definitions...

7 CFR 800.31 - Who must register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Who must register. 800.31 Section 800.31 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Registration...

7 CFR 800.0 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 800.0 Section 800.0 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Definitions...

7 CFR 801.2 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 801.2 Section 801.2 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS...

7 CFR 801.2 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 801.2 Section 801.2 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS...

7 CFR 801.2 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 801.2 Section 801.2 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS...

7 CFR 800.0 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 800.0 Section 800.0 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Definitions...

7 CFR 800.31 - Who must register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Who must register. 800.31 Section 800.31 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Registration...

7 CFR 800.31 - Who must register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Who must register. 800.31 Section 800.31 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Registration...

7 CFR 800.31 - Who must register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Who must register. 800.31 Section 800.31 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Registration...

7 CFR 801.2 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 801.2 Section 801.2 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS...

7 CFR 800.31 - Who must register.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Who must register. 800.31 Section 800.31 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Registration...

7 CFR 801.2 - Meaning of terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Meaning of terms. 801.2 Section 801.2 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS...

78 FR 27857 - United States Standards for Wheat

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-05-13

... DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration 7 CFR Part 810... INFORMATION: Background The United States Grain Standards Act (USGSA) authorizes the Secretary of Agriculture...-2007 Census of Agriculture-updated), handlers, processors, and merchandisers are the primary users of...

7 CFR 810.803 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Mixed Grain Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810...

7 CFR 800.60 - Deceptive actions and practices.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Grain Handling... official personnel, any action or practice, including the loading, weighing, handling, or sampling of grain...

7 CFR 810.1203 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Rye Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1203 Basis...

7 CFR 810.1003 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Oats Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1003...

7 CFR 810.203 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Barley Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.203...

7 CFR 810.604 - Grades and grade requirements for flaxseed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 810.604 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Flaxseed Grades and Grade...

7 CFR 810.1405 - Special grades and special grade requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....1405 Section 810.1405 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Sorghum Special Grades and...

7 CFR 810.1601 - Definition of soybeans.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Soybeans Terms Defined § 810.1601 Definition of soybeans. Grain that...

7 CFR 810.1603 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Soybeans Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.1603...

7 CFR 810.603 - Basis of determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Flaxseed Principles Governing the Application of Standards § 810.603...

7 CFR 810.601 - Definition of flaxseed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Flaxseed Terms Defined § 810.601 Definition of flaxseed. Grain that...

7 CFR 810.1204 - Grades and grade requirements for rye.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 810.1204 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Rye Principles Governing the...

7 CFR 810.207 - Special grades and special grade requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 810.207 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Barley Special Grades and Special...

7 CFR 810.201 - Definition of barley.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Barley Terms Defined § 810.201 Definition of barley. Grain that...

7 CFR 810.1004 - Grades and grade requirements for oats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 810.1004 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Oats Principles Governing the...

7 CFR 810.105 - Grades and grade requirements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN General Provisions Grades, Grade Requirements, and Grade Designations § 810.105 Grades and grade...

7 CFR 1212.108 - OMB control number.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 10 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false OMB control number. 1212.108 Section 1212.108 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (MARKETING AGREEMENTS AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE HONEY PACKERS AND IMPORTERS...

14 CFR 29.1181 - Designated fire zones: regions included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... flammable fluids or gases and are isolated from the designated fire zone prescribed in paragraph (a)(6) of... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Designated fire zones: regions included. 29... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Powerplant Fire...

14 CFR 29.1181 - Designated fire zones: regions included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... flammable fluids or gases and are isolated from the designated fire zone prescribed in paragraph (a)(6) of... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Designated fire zones: regions included. 29... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Powerplant Fire...

14 CFR 29.1181 - Designated fire zones: regions included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... flammable fluids or gases and are isolated from the designated fire zone prescribed in paragraph (a)(6) of... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Designated fire zones: regions included. 29... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Powerplant Fire...

14 CFR 29.1181 - Designated fire zones: regions included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... flammable fluids or gases and are isolated from the designated fire zone prescribed in paragraph (a)(6) of... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Designated fire zones: regions included. 29... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Powerplant Fire...

14 CFR 29.1181 - Designated fire zones: regions included.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... flammable fluids or gases and are isolated from the designated fire zone prescribed in paragraph (a)(6) of... 14 Aeronautics and Space 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Designated fire zones: regions included. 29... TRANSPORTATION AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS: TRANSPORT CATEGORY ROTORCRAFT Powerplant Powerplant Fire...

Effects of enhanced hydrological connectivity on Mediterranean salt marsh fish assemblages with emphasis on the endangered Spanish toothcarp (Aphanius iberus).

PubMed

Prado, Patricia; Alcaraz, Carles; Jornet, Lluis; Caiola, Nuno; Ibáñez, Carles

2017-01-01

The hydrological connectivity between the salt marsh and the sea was partially restored in a Mediterranean wetland containing isolated ponds resulting from former salt extraction and aquaculture activities. A preliminary assessment provided evidence that ponds farther from the sea hosted very large numbers of the endangered Spanish toothcarp, Aphanius iberus , suggesting that individuals had been trapped and consequently reach unnaturally high densities. In order to achieve both habitat rehabilitation and toothcarp conservation, efforts were made to create a gradient of hydrologically connected areas, including isolated fish reservoirs, semi-isolated, and connected salt marsh-sea areas that could allow migratory movements of fish and provide some protection for A. iberus . The fish community was monitored prior to, and for three years after rehabilitation. Results showed an increase in the number of fish species within semi-isolated areas (Zone A), whereas areas adjacent to the sea (Zone B) increased the number of marine species and decreased that of estuarine species (ES). Yet overall differences in fish assemblages were much higher between zones than among study years. Generalized linear models (GLMs) evidenced that distance to the sea was the most important variable explaining the local diversity of the fish community after restoration, with occasional influence of other factors such as temperature, and depth. The abundance of A. iberus was consistently higher in semi-isolated areas at greater distances from the sea, but a decline occurred in both zones and in isolated reservoir ponds after restoration efforts, which may be attributable to interannual differences in recruitment success and, to a lesser extent, to dispersal into adjacent habitats. A negative effect of restoration works on fish population cannot be excluded, but the final outcome of the intervention likely needs a longer period.

Characterization of bacterial coliform occurrences in different zones of a drinking water distribution system.

PubMed

Blanch, A R; Galofré, B; Lucena, F; Terradillos, A; Vilanova, X; Ribas, F

2007-03-01

To compare the bacterial coliforms detected from occurrences in three zones of a water distribution system supplied by two separate water sources. Conventional and standardized protocols for identifying enterobacterial populations were applied. Additional tests to confirm isolates were included. Analyses of diversity and population similarity were performed using the Phene Plate System, a miniaturized biochemical phenotyping method. Isolates were identified by the API 20E system in tandem with biochemical phenotyping. A total of 16 576 samples were taken from the water distribution system, with 1416 isolates analysed. A low number of coliform occurrences were observed (2%). Escherichia coli was not detected in either water origin or in Zone 2 samples; however, in Zones 1 and 3 a low number of cases of E. coli were recorded. The percentages of E. coli depended on the identification criteria. Eight biochemical profiles for coliform populations were defined according to the results of the confirmative tests. There was a high diversity among these populations in the three zones studied, although no significant variations in their composition (associated with occurrences in the different zones) were observed. Klebsiella oxytoca was the most commonly detected species irrespective of zone, although seven other enterobacterial genera were also found. Analysis of the enzymatic activity of beta-glucuronidase or application of the criteria established in the norm ISO 9308-1, in tandem with thermotolerance was needed to evaluate the occurrence of E. coli in the distribution systems. Detected occurrences of bacterial coliforms could be associated with re-growth patterns for specific sampling points in the distribution system. Seasonal differences, independent of the studied zones, were observed. Biochemical phenotyping of bacterial coliforms was shown to be a useful method on the characterization of occurrences in water distribution systems.

7 CFR 1212.19 - Producer.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

..., PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Definitions § 1212.19 Producer. “Producer” means any... producing, or causing to be produced, honey beyond personal use and having value at first point of sale. ...

76 FR 50881 - Required Scale Tests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-08-17

... RIN 0580-AB10 Required Scale Tests AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration... required scale tests. Those documents defined ``limited seasonal basis'' incorrectly. This document... 20, 2011 (76 FR 3485) and on April 4, 2011 (76 FR 18348), concerning required scale tests. Those...

76 FR 18348 - Required Scale Tests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-04

... RIN 0580-AB10 Required Scale Tests AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration... published a document in the Federal Register on January 20, 2011 (76 FR 3485), defining required scale tests...-month period following each test. * * * * * Alan R. Christian, Acting Administrator, Grain Inspection...

7 CFR 801.1 - Applicability.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Applicability. 801.1 Section 801.1 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... FOR GRAIN INSPECTION EQUIPMENT § 801.1 Applicability. The requirements set forth in this part 801...

7 CFR 868.92 - Explanation of service fees and additional fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

....92 Section 868.92 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF... administrative costs; (2) The cost of per diem, subsistence, mileage, or commercial transportation to perform the...

7 CFR 868.92 - Explanation of service fees and additional fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

....92 Section 868.92 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF... administrative costs; (2) The cost of per diem, subsistence, mileage, or commercial transportation to perform the...

7 CFR 868.92 - Explanation of service fees and additional fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....92 Section 868.92 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF... administrative costs; (2) The cost of per diem, subsistence, mileage, or commercial transportation to perform the...

7 CFR 868.92 - Explanation of service fees and additional fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

....92 Section 868.92 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF... administrative costs; (2) The cost of per diem, subsistence, mileage, or commercial transportation to perform the...

7 CFR 868.92 - Explanation of service fees and additional fees.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

....92 Section 868.92 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF... administrative costs; (2) The cost of per diem, subsistence, mileage, or commercial transportation to perform the...

7 CFR 1280.108 - First handler.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... AND ORDERS; MISCELLANEOUS COMMODITIES), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE LAMB PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND INFORMATION ORDER Lamb Promotion, Research, and Information Order Definitions § 1280.108 First handler. First handler means the packer or other person who buys or takes possession of lambs from a producer or feeder...

7 CFR 800.83 - Sampling provisions by kind of movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... Section 800.83 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Inspection Methods and Procedures § 800.83 Sampling provisions by kind of movement. (a) Export...

7 CFR 800.83 - Sampling provisions by kind of movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... Section 800.83 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Inspection Methods and Procedures § 800.83 Sampling provisions by kind of movement. (a) Export...

7 CFR 800.83 - Sampling provisions by kind of movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... Section 800.83 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Inspection Methods and Procedures § 800.83 Sampling provisions by kind of movement. (a) Export...

7 CFR 800.83 - Sampling provisions by kind of movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Section 800.83 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Inspection Methods and Procedures § 800.83 Sampling provisions by kind of movement. (a) Export...

7 CFR 800.83 - Sampling provisions by kind of movement.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... Section 800.83 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL REGULATIONS Inspection Methods and Procedures § 800.83 Sampling provisions by kind of movement. (a) Export...

7 CFR 810.1201 - Definition of rye.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Rye Terms Defined § 810.1201 Definition of rye. Grain that, before the...

7 CFR 800.16 - Certification requirements for export grain.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certification requirements for export grain. 800.16 Section 800.16 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE GENERAL...

7 CFR 810.1001 - Definition of oats.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN United States Standards for Oats Terms Defined § 810.1001 Definition of oats. Grain that consists...

7 CFR 810.102 - Definition of other terms.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICIAL UNITED STATES STANDARDS FOR GRAIN General Provisions Terms Defined § 810.102 Definition of other terms. Unless otherwise stated, the...

7 CFR 1212.55 - Prohibition on use of funds.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... behalf of honey or honey products. (4) Any advertising, including promotion, research and information... RESEARCH, PROMOTION, CONSUMER EDUCATION AND INDUSTRY INFORMATION ORDER Honey Packers and Importers Research, Promotion, Consumer Education, and Industry Information Order Expenses and Assessments § 1212.55 Prohibition...

A Hydraulic Tomography Experiment in Fractured Sedimentary Rocks, Newark Basin, New Jersey, USA

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tiedeman, C. R.; Barrash, W.; Thrash, C. J.; Johnson, C. D.

2015-12-01

Hydraulic tomography was performed in July 2015 in contaminated fractured mudstone beds at the former Naval Air Warfare Center (NAWC) in the Newark Basin near Trenton, NJ using seven existing wells. The spatial arrangement of wells (in a circle of 9 m radius with one central well), the use of packers to divide the wells into multiple monitoring intervals, and the deployment of fiber optic pressure transducers enabled collection of a hydraulic tomography dataset comprising high-resolution drawdown observations at an unprecedented level of spatial detail for fractured rocks. The experiment involved 45-minute cross-hole aquifer tests, conducted by pumping from a given packer-isolated well interval and continuously monitoring drawdowns in all other well intervals. The collective set of drawdown data from all tests and intervals displays a wide range of behavior suggestive of highly heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity (K) within the tested volume, such as: drawdown curves for different well intervals crossing one another on drawdown-time plots; variable drawdown curve shapes, including linear segments on log-log plots; variable order and magnitude of time-lag and/or drawdown for intervals of a given well in response to pumping from similar fractures or stratigraphic units in different wells; and variable groupings of wells and intervals showing similar responses for different pumping tests. The observed behavior is consistent with previous testing at the NAWC indicating that K within and across individual mudstone beds can vary by orders of magnitude over scales of meters. Preliminary assessment of the drawdown data together with a rich set of geophysical logs suggests an initial conceptual model that includes densely distributed fractures of moderate K at the shallowest depths of the tested volume, connected high-K bedding-plane-parting fractures at intermediate depths, and sparse low-K fractures in the deeper rocks. Future work will involve tomographic inversion of the data to estimate the K distribution at a scale of ~1 m3 in the upper two-thirds of the investigated volume where observation density is greatest.

Geohydrologic aspects for siting and design of low-level radioactive-waste disposal

USGS Publications Warehouse

Bedinger, M.S.

1989-01-01

The objective for siting and design of low-level radioactive-waste repository sites is to isolate the waste from the biosphere until the waste no longer poses an unacceptable hazard as a result of radioactive decay. Low-level radioactive waste commonly is isolated at shallow depths with various engineered features to stabilize the waste and to reduce its dissolution and transport by ground water. The unsaturated zone generally is preferred for isolating the waste. Low-level radioactive waste may need to be isolated for 300 to 500 years. Maintenance and monitoring of the repository site are required by Federal regulations for only the first 100 years. Therefore, geohydrology of the repository site needs to provide natural isolation of the waste for the hazardous period following maintenance of the site. Engineering design of the repository needs to be compatible with the natural geohydrologic conditions at the site. Studies at existing commercial and Federal waste-disposal sites provide information on the problems encountered and the basis for establishing siting guidelines for improved isolation of radioactive waste, engineering design of repository structures, and surveillance needs to assess the effectiveness of the repositories and to provide early warning of problems that may require remedial action.Climate directly affects the hydrology of a site and probably is the most important single factor that affects the suitability of a site for shallow-land burial of low-level radioactive waste. Humid and subhumid regions are not well suited for shallow isolation of low-level radioactive waste in the unsaturated zone; arid regions with zero to small infiltration from precipitation, great depths to the water table, and long flow paths to natural discharge areas are naturally well suited to isolation of the waste. The unsaturated zone is preferred for isolation of low-level radioactive waste. The guiding rationale is to minimize contact of water with the waste and to minimize transport of waste from the repository. The hydrology of a flow system containing a repository is greatly affected by the engineering of the repository site. Prediction of the performance of the repository is a complex problem, hampered by problems of characterizing the natural and manmade features of the flow system and by the limitations of models to predict flow and geochemical processes in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Disposal in low-permeability unfractured clays in the saturated zone may be feasible where the radionuclide transport is controlled by diffusion rather than advection.

The Antifungal Inhibitory Concentration Effectiveness Test From Ethanol Seed Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica) Extract Against The Growth Of Candida albicans Patient Isolate With In Vitro Method

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Satria Rakatama, Adam; Pramono, Andri; Yulianti, Retno

2018-03-01

Candida albicans are the most frequent cause of Vulvovaginalis Candidiasis infection. Its treatment using antifungal drugs, are oftenly caused side effects. The reduction of C.albicans growth and the reduction of antifungal drugs side effect, were our main purposed. Our study objective is determine the effectiveness of inhibitory power of arabica coffee seed ethanol extract on the growth of C.albicans patient isolates. The type of this research is experimental research. Kirby-bauer method with the Saboraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) media was used in this experiment. Inhibitory zone was observed around the disc, to determine the inhibitory power. The results showed that the inhibitory zone was formed on arabica coffee seed ethanol extract on 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80% concentration. Kruskal-Wallis test results (p<0,05) showed that there was a significant difference in mean between the concentration groups tested against the treatment group. The inhibitory zone was formed because of biochemical compound in arabica coffee seed such as caffeine, phenol, alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. Inhibitory zone in C.albicans patient isolates were smaller compared with C.albicans ATCC 90028 as gold standard. This showed that the virulence of C.albicans from patients isolates were higher. We concluded that arabica coffee seed ethanol extract could inhibiting the growth of C.albicans patient isolates. Optimization of coffee seed ethanol extract to obtain maximum active ingredients still needs to be done. This knowledge is expected to be used for the beginning manufacturer antifungal drug from natural product.

7 CFR 59.200 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... these same swine. Average lean percentage. The term “average lean percentage” means the value equal to the average percentage of the carcass weight comprised of lean meat for the swine slaughtered during the applicable reporting period. Whenever the packer changes the manner in which the average lean...

76 FR 317 - Cancellation of Lewiston Grain Inspection Service, Inc. Designation; Opportunity for Designation...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-04

... Lewiston Grain Inspection Service, Inc. Designation; Opportunity for Designation in the Lewiston, ID Area AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION: Notice. SUMMARY: Lewiston Grain Inspection Service, Inc. (Lewiston) is designated to provide official inspection services through...

76 FR 22863 - Designation for the Lewiston, ID Area

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-25

... the Lewiston, ID Area AGENCY: Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration, USDA. ACTION... official services in the geographic area previously serviced by Lewiston Grain Inspection Service, Inc. (Lewiston). Applications were due by February 3, 2011. Washington was the sole applicant for designation to...

7 CFR 1530.101 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... AGRICULTURE THE REFINED SUGAR RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, THE SUGAR CONTAINING PRODUCTS RE-EXPORT PROGRAM, AND THE...-packers. Bond or letter of credit means an insurance agreement pledging surety for the entry of foreign sugar without the required re-export within the program guidelines. Certain polyhydric alcohols means...

7 CFR 868.72 - Certification of results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Certification of results. 868.72 Section 868.72 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... results. (a) General. Each official certificate shall show the results of the inspection service. (b...

7 CFR 868.72 - Certification of results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Certification of results. 868.72 Section 868.72 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... results. (a) General. Each official certificate shall show the results of the inspection service. (b...

7 CFR 868.72 - Certification of results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Certification of results. 868.72 Section 868.72 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... results. (a) General. Each official certificate shall show the results of the inspection service. (b...

7 CFR 868.72 - Certification of results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Certification of results. 868.72 Section 868.72 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... results. (a) General. Each official certificate shall show the results of the inspection service. (b...

7 CFR 868.72 - Certification of results.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Certification of results. 868.72 Section 868.72 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... results. (a) General. Each official certificate shall show the results of the inspection service. (b...

A resolution congratulating the Green Bay Packers on winning Super Bowl XLV.

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Sen. Kohl, Herb [D-WI

2011-02-10

Senate - 02/10/2011 Submitted in the Senate, considered, and agreed to without amendment and with a preamble by Unanimous Consent. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status Agreed to in SenateHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

"In Honor of Excellence."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hughes, Anna May

1983-01-01

Spotlights seven outstanding secondary school theatre programs and their directors: Frank Bluestein, Germantown, TN; John Steele, Plano, TX; Joe Juliano, Hamden, CT; Jack Parkhurst, Ralston, NE; Robert Geuder (Thomas Jefferson High School) Cedar Rapids, IA; Judith Rethwisch (Affton High School) St. Louis, MO; and Henry Wicke (Packer Collegiate…

7 CFR 800.128 - Conflicts of interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Conflicts of interest. 800.128 Section 800.128 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Reinspection Services and Review of Weighing Services § 800.128 Conflicts of interest. Official personnel...

7 CFR 800.138 - Conflict of interest.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Conflict of interest. 800.138 Section 800.138 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Inspection Services § 800.138 Conflict of interest. Official personnel cannot perform or participate in...

7 CFR 2.81 - Administrator, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... functions assigned to the Secretary in section 11006 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.... 1251 et seq.); (iii) Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.); (iv) Clean Air Act...

7 CFR 2.81 - Administrator, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... functions assigned to the Secretary in section 11006 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.... 1251 et seq.); (iii) Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.); (iv) Clean Air Act...

7 CFR 2.81 - Administrator, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... functions assigned to the Secretary in section 11006 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.... 1251 et seq.); (iii) Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.); (iv) Clean Air Act...

7 CFR 2.81 - Administrator, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... functions assigned to the Secretary in section 11006 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.... 1251 et seq.); (iii) Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.); (iv) Clean Air Act...

7 CFR 2.81 - Administrator, Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... functions assigned to the Secretary in section 11006 of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.... 1251 et seq.); (iii) Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 300f et seq.); (iv) Clean Air Act...

7 CFR 989.15 - Handler.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) AGRICULTURAL MARKETING SERVICE (Marketing Agreements and... who blends raisins after they have been placed in trade channels by a packer with other such raisins in trade channels; or (3) a dehydrator who, in his capacity as a dehydrator, blends raisins entirely...

7 CFR 868.307 - Moisture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Moisture. 868.307 Section 868.307 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Application of Standards § 868.307 Moisture. Water content in milled rice as determined by an FGIS approved...

7 CFR 868.307 - Moisture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Moisture. 868.307 Section 868.307 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Application of Standards § 868.307 Moisture. Water content in milled rice as determined by an FGIS approved...

7 CFR 868.307 - Moisture.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Moisture. 868.307 Section 868.307 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Application of Standards § 868.307 Moisture. Water content in milled rice as determined by an FGIS approved...

9 CFR 206.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SWINE CONTRACT LIBRARY § 206.1 Definitions. The definitions... and packer rights and obligations under the contract. Base price. The price paid for swine before the application of any premiums or discounts, expressed in dollars per unit. Boar. A sexually-intact male swine...

9 CFR 206.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SWINE CONTRACT LIBRARY § 206.1 Definitions. The definitions... and packer rights and obligations under the contract. Base price. The price paid for swine before the application of any premiums or discounts, expressed in dollars per unit. Boar. A sexually-intact male swine...

9 CFR 206.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SWINE CONTRACT LIBRARY § 206.1 Definitions. The definitions... and packer rights and obligations under the contract. Base price. The price paid for swine before the application of any premiums or discounts, expressed in dollars per unit. Boar. A sexually-intact male swine...

9 CFR 206.1 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... STOCKYARDS PROGRAMS), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SWINE CONTRACT LIBRARY § 206.1 Definitions. The definitions... and packer rights and obligations under the contract. Base price. The price paid for swine before the application of any premiums or discounts, expressed in dollars per unit. Boar. A sexually-intact male swine...

30 CFR 250.1616 - Supervision, surveillance, and training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Supervision, surveillance, and training. 250... Operations § 250.1616 Supervision, surveillance, and training. (a) The lessee shall provide onsite...-floor surveillance continuously, unless the well is secured with BOP's, bridge plugs, packers, or cement...

30 CFR 250.1616 - Supervision, surveillance, and training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Supervision, surveillance, and training. 250... Operations § 250.1616 Supervision, surveillance, and training. (a) The lessee shall provide onsite...-floor surveillance continuously, unless the well is secured with BOP's, bridge plugs, packers, or cement...

30 CFR 250.1616 - Supervision, surveillance, and training.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Supervision, surveillance, and training. 250... Operations § 250.1616 Supervision, surveillance, and training. (a) The lessee shall provide onsite...-floor surveillance continuously, unless the well is secured with BOP's, bridge plugs, packers, or cement...

7 CFR 868.254 - Broken kernels determination.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Broken kernels determination. 868.254 Section 868.254 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD... Governing Application of Standards § 868.254 Broken kernels determination. Broken kernels shall be...

7 CFR 59.200 - Definitions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... these same swine. Average lean percentage. The term “average lean percentage” means the value equal to the average percentage of the carcass weight comprised of lean meat for the swine slaughtered during the applicable reporting period. Whenever the packer changes the manner in which the average lean...

7 CFR 810.101 - Grains for which standards are established.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 7 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Grains for which standards are established. 810.101 Section 810.101 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) GRAIN INSPECTION, PACKERS AND STOCKYARD ADMINISTRATION (FEDERAL GRAIN INSPECTION SERVICE), DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE...